美国文学选读期末考试重点

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美国文学期末考试题型

期末考试题型：

一．考试题型：

1．作家作品，选择题30题，60 %

2．诗歌赏析，选择题 10题，20%

3．小说赏析，分析问答题。就教材中的小说节选章节，对所问的问题作答。范围主要为《告别了武器》和《了不起的盖茨比》在教材中的选段20%

二．考试要求：

可以带教材，课堂笔记。小说赏析部分回答问题要能够自圆其说，顺利成章，既不要过于简单，言之无物，也不要废话连篇，冗长拖沓。做到言简意赅，清晰透彻。

美国文学复习重点

一、The Adventures of the Huckleberry Finn ，Mark Twain

选段：Once I said to myself it would be a thousand times better for Jim to be a slave at home where his family was, as long as he'd GOT to be a slave, and so I'd better write a letter to Tom Sawyer and tell him to tell Miss Watson where he was. But I soon give up that notion for two things: she'd be mad and disgusted at his rascality and ungratefulness for leaving her, and so she'd sell him straight down the river again; and if she didn't, everybody naturally despises an ungrateful nigger, and they'd make Jim feel it all the time, and so he'd feel ornery and disgraced. And then think of ME! It would get all around that Huck Finn helped a nigger to get his freedom; and if I was ever to see anybody from that town again I'd be ready to get down and lick his boots for shame. (an excerpt from chapter 31)

美国文学复习重点

1. Colonial American (1607-1765)

Puritanism in America 清教主义

1.Influence

①American Puritanism was one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American literature. It has become, to some extent, so much a state of mind(思维模式),rather than a set of tenets.( ['tɛnɪt] 教义)

②To them, religion was a matter of primary importance.

③They accepted the doctrine of predestination(命运),original sin(原罪),total depravity(堕落),and limited atonement(赎罪) through a special infusion([ɪn'fjuʒn] 神典) of grace from God.[John, Calvin]

④In a word, American Puritans are ready for any misfortune and tragic failures that might lie in wait for them.

2. Colonial America did not always write the way Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor wrote. Some people wrote for civil and religious freedom, and some others wrote for America shaking off(摆脱) the fetter(束缚) of the savage(残酷) and rapacious(贪婪) British colonial rule.

美国文学考试重点

美国文学考试的重点可以分为以下几个方面：

1. 早期美国文学：

- 殖民时期文学：包括早期殖民地的日记、信件和宗教作品等，如《普利茅斯纪事》和《普罗维登斯计划》。

- 紧随其后的大量宗教文学作品，如《新英格兰的校训》。 - 托马斯·佩恩的《常识》：这本书在美国独立运动中起到了重要的作用。

2. 美国文学的形成与发展：

- 19世纪初的浪漫主义文学：如华盛顿·欧文的《睡美人和其他故事》和詹姆斯·菲尼莫尔·库珀的《最后的莫西干人》。

- 华尔特·惠特曼的《草叶集》：这本诗集在美国文学史上具有重要地位。

- 女性作家：如哈丽特·比彻·斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和艾米莉·迪金森的诗歌作品。

3. 20世纪的美国文学：

- 现代主义文学：如欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》和威廉·福克纳的《喧哗与骚动》。

- 战争文学：如约翰·史坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》和约瑟夫·海勒的《23个故事和一个司令》。

- 迈尔斯·杰克逊的《杀死一只知更鸟》：这是美国文学中一本重要的反种族主义作品。

4. 当代美国文学：

- 现实主义：如托尼·莫里森的《亲爱的》和唐·德里罗的《百年孤独》。

- 同性恋与性别研究：如杰夫·艾斯特里奇的《中性国度》和艾美丽·P. 亨德森的《一个男小地方》。

此外，还需要了解美国文学的主要流派和文学理论，如现实主义、象征主义、后现代主义等，以及相关的文学批评方法。最好的准备方式是广泛阅读美国经典文学作品并理解其背后的文化、历史和社会背景。

美国文学期末复习资料

美国文学是一门广泛而深入的学科，涵盖了从殖民地时期到现代的众多作品和作家。为了帮助大家复习期末考试，本文将以不同的主题和时期为线索，介绍一些重要的美国文学作品和相关知识。

一、殖民地时期的文学

在殖民地时期，美国文学主要以宗教为主题，反映了早期殖民者的信仰和生活。《普利茅斯纪事》是美国文学史上的里程碑之一，它记录了普利茅斯殖民地的建立和早期的困难。另外，约翰·史密斯的《弗吉尼亚史诗》和威廉·布拉德福的《普利茅斯植民地纪事》也是重要的作品。

二、启蒙时代的文学

启蒙时代是美国文学的重要时期，这一时期的作品反映了人们对自由、理性和独立思考的追求。本杰明·富兰克林是启蒙时代的代表人物，他的《贫穷理性者的儿子》和《自传》都是重要的作品。此外，托马斯·潘恩的《常识》和托马斯·杰斐逊的《独立宣言》也是这一时期的重要文献。

三、浪漫主义时期的文学

浪漫主义时期是19世纪美国文学的高峰期，作家们开始关注个人情感和内心体验。华盛顿·欧文的《睡谷传奇》和爱德加·爱伦·坡的《乌鸦》是这一时期的代

表作品。此外，纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》和赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的《白鲸》也是不可忽视的作品。

四、现实主义时期的文学

现实主义时期是19世纪末到20世纪初的文学运动，作家们开始关注社会问题

和人类命运。马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》和斯蒂芬·克莱恩的《红字》是这一时期的代表作品。此外，亨利·詹姆斯的《国际象棋之家》和埃德蒙·威尔逊的《了不起的盖茨比》也是重要的作品。

五、现代主义和后现代主义时期的文学

重点参考美国文学史期末复习

H i s t o r y A n d A n t h o l o g y o f A m e r i c a n L i t e r a t u r e(V o l u m eⅠⅡ)

美国文学史及选读1、2

PartⅠThe Literature of Colonial America殖民主义时期的文学

1.17世纪早期English and European explorers开始登陆美洲。在他们之前100多年Caribbean Islands, Mexico

and other Parts of South America已被the Spanish占领。

2.17th早期English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts(弗吉尼亚和马萨诸塞)开始了美国历史

3.美国最早殖民者(earliest settlers)included Dutch ,Swedes ,Germans ,French ,Spaniards ,Italians and Portuguese

(荷兰人，瑞典人，德国人，法国人，西班牙人，意大利人及葡萄牙人等)。

4.美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日

志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.

美国文学期末重点复习资料

美国文学

一．术语解释

1，Transcendentalism(超验主义):

简略版：It started in 1830s in US; which emphasis on spirit or oversoul and stressing importance of the individual; regarding nature as symbols of the spirit or God. It took idea from the romantic literatures of Europe, from Neo-Platonism and so on. Emerson was its representative.

深层次版：American Transcendentalism: the emergence of the Transcendentalists as an identifiable movement took place during the late 1820s and 1830s, but the roots of their religious philosophy extended much farther back into American religious history. Transcendentalism and evangelical Protestantism followed separate evolutionary branches from American Puritanism, taking as their common ancestor the Calvinism of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American spirit, or the Oversoul, as the most important thing in the Universe. They stressed the importance of the individual. To them, the individual was the most important element of society. They offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God. Nature was, to them, alive, filled with God’s overwhelming presence. Transcendentalism is based on the belief that the most fundamental truths about life and death can be reached only by going beyond the world of the senses. Emerson’s Nature has been called the “Manifesto of American Transcendentalism” and his The American Scholar has been rightly regarded as America’s “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”.

美国文学期末考试复习大纲

Ⅰ. 文学史

1.American Puritanism (美国请教主义):

Puritanism was a religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England in the late 16th century.

I.Background: Puritanism

1.features of Puritanism

(1)Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred.

(2)Original sin: Human beings were born to be evil, and this original sin can be passed down from generation to generation.

(3)Total depravity

(4)Limited atonement: Only the ―elect‖ can be saved.

2.Influence

(1)A group of good qualities –hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety (serious and thoughtful) influenced American literature.

(2)It led to the everlasting myth. All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden.

美国文学史及选读期末考试

Ⅰ. Write the author of each item. 10’

1．Anne Bradstreet（The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America）

①Contemplation

②To My Dear and Loving Husband

2. Benjamin Franklin

①The Autobiography (early American Dream)

3. Philip Freneau (Poet of American Revolution; The Father of American Poetry)

①The Wild Honey Suckle

②The Indian Burying Ground

③To a Caty-Did

4. Washington Irving (The Father of American Short Story; first American writer of imaginative literature to gain international fame; regarded as Father of American literature.)

①The legend of Sleep Hollow

②Rip Van Winkle

③The Sketch Book(the beginning of American Romanticism)

5. James Fennimore Cooper

①The Last Mohicans

(完整版)美国文学期末复习资料(完美版)

（美国文学期末复习资料(完美版）

Imagism （意向主义）

(1)Imagism came into being in Britain and US around 1910 as a reaction to the traditional English poetry to express the sense of fragmentation and dislocation。

（2）The Imagists， with Ezra Pound leading the way, hold that the most effective means to express these momentary impressions is through the use of one dominant image。

（3) Imagism is characterized by the following three poetic principles： i） direct treatment of subject matter； ii） economy of expression; iii） as regards rhythm, to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of metronome; iv) Ezra Pound’s In a Station of the Metro is a well—known imagist poem。

美国文学期末考试复习

Part one: Multiple choices. (25题，每题2分，共50分)

1 "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote from __D__’s writings.

A. Walt Whitman

B. Henry David Thoreau

C. Herman Melville

D. Ralph Waldo Emerson

2 Which of Hemingway’s novels describes the drifting漂流life of American exiles流亡者in Europe? B

A. The Sun Also Rises.

B. A Farewell to Arms.

C. For Whom the Bell Tolls.

D. The Old Man and the Sea.

3 The theme of ___C____ may be well stated as "It sings of nationalism and of the nature of the self in

relation to the cosmos and the meaning and purpose of birth and death."

A. Edgar Allan Poe’s "To Helen"

B. Robert Frost’s "The Road Not Take n"

美国文学选读期末考试重点

1、The Colonial Period（1607-1765）

American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th)

北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱)

Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响（metaphysical）

2、The Enlightenment and Revolution Period

Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard's Almanac The Autobiography---“美国梦”的根源

3、American Romanticism（end of 18th to the civil war）

American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature.

早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature <The Sketch Book>短篇小说

James Fenimore Cooper 历史，冒险，边疆小说《The Leather-stocking Tales>文明发展对大自然的摧残与破坏

William Cullen Bryant 美国第一个浪漫主义诗人《To a Waterfowl><The Yellow Violet>美国山水，讴歌大自然，

美国文学史及选读期末复习题

Captain John Smith became the first American writer.

5.The puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people.

6.The first major intellectual spokesman of the Massachusetts Bay colony was John Cotton,

sometimes called “the Patriarch of New England.”

7.Anne Bradstreet published The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America, and she was

nicknamed the tenth Muse.

8.Poor Richard’s Almanac is an annual collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin.

9.Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for

Independence”.

10.Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin

Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.

重点参考美国文学史期末复习

H i s t o r y A n d A n t h o l o g y o f A m e r i c a n L i t e r a t u r e(V o l u m eⅠⅡ)

美国文学史及选读1、2

PartⅠThe Literature of Colonial America殖民主义时期的文学

1.17世纪早期English and European explorers开始登陆美洲。在他们之前100多年Caribbean Islands,

Mexico and other Parts of South America已被the Spanish占领。

2.17th早期English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts(弗吉尼亚和马萨诸塞)开始了美国历史

3.美国最早殖民者(earliest settlers)included Dutch ,Swedes ,Germans ,French ,Spaniards ,Italians and

Portuguese (荷兰人，瑞典人，德国人，法国人，西班牙人，意大利人及葡萄牙人等)。

4.美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记

和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.

美国文学期末复习

一、填空

1.The central movement in American literature in the period between the end of the Civil War in

1865 and the dawn of the 20th century was the development of realism.

2.Howell’s straightforward definition of realism is ―nothing more and nothing less than the

truthful treatment of material.‖

3.Howells, James and Twain showed obvious differences in their writings. Howells was noted for

his presentation of middle-class American life. Jame s’ topics were taken mainly from the upper class of the society. As for Mark Twain, his interest lay in people of the lower class.

4.Mark Twain is the pen-name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens.

5.Hemingway praised the adventures of Huckleberry fin as one from which ―all modern American

美国文学选读期末复习资料

美国文学选读期末复习资料The Colonial Period or The Enlightenment and Revolution Period American Puritanism roughly from the settlement of America in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th

一、Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林

作品：1、Poor Richard's Almanac 格言历书 --- A Collection of maxims; or proverbs; on the

value of work and savings for success.

2、The Autobiography 自传---“美国梦”的根源

3、参与起草独立宣言

American Romanticism

The Romantic Period stretches from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. It is a period of the great flowering of American literature.

浪漫主义两大主题：爱和大自然的力量

The social and cultural background of Romanticism：

---The young Republic was flourishing into a politically; economically and culturally independent country.

美国文学选读期末考试重点

美国文学期末考试题型

美国文学复习重点

美国文学复习重点

美国文学考试重点

美国文学期末复习资料

重点参考美国文学史期末复习

美国文学期末重点复习资料

美国文学期末考试复习大纲

美国文学史及选读期末考试

(完整版)美国文学期末复习资料(完美版)

美国文学期末考试复习

美国文学选读期末考试重点

美国文学史及选读期末复习题

重点参考 美国文学史期末复习

美国文学期末复习

美国文学选读期末复习资料

重点参考美国文学史期末复习