LECTURE 1 book 1 Unit8 0216

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Book8Unit1知识点

Book8 Unit1 Revision（讲解版）一、学习目标1.掌握重要词汇、语言点、句型，并能在训练中准确使用。

2.训练学生的词汇，句型及语法的灵活使用水平。

二、学法指导1.通过知识梳理，构建本单元的知识框架。

2.先独立完成各项练习，再通过小组讨论及教师讲解解决难点。

三、语境串记基点一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累写得准用得活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.means n．手段；方法2.occur vi.发生；出现3.reform v.改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良4.grasp vt.&n. 抓住(紧)；掌握；领会5.boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期6.luggage n. 行李7.slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑动；滑倒8.hire vt.&n. 租用；雇用9.customs n．海关；关税；进口税→customer n．顾客10.majority n．绝大部分；大半→major adj.主要的vi.主修n．专业→minority n．少数11.elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→election n．选举12.distinct adj.清晰的；明显(确)的→distinction n．差别；区分；卓著13.applicant n．申请人→apply vi.申请→application n．申请书；申请14.apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地1.He won the election and was elected presidentof the country. (elect)2.He indicated that an indicator should give mesome indications of how I did in thetest.(indicate)3.The results of the survey fell into distinctgroups. The old were scholars of greatdistinction while the young were theopposite. (distinct)4.Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparentmistakes in the accident.(apparent)5.All the applicants can apply in person or byletter and at the same time should hand intheir applications before May 6th. (apply)6.One of the major problems is that a majorityof the graduates who major in English find itdifficult to find a good job. (majority)7.“Walk across this street and turn left at thefirst crossing.” the boy told the lady. (cross)8.If a customer wants to bring the goods he buysabroad back to inland, he has to pay somecustoms when he passes through the Customs.(custom)15.indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indication n．迹象；标示→indicator n．指示器；指示信号16.crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→cross n．十字；交叉adj.交叉的；生气的v．使交叉；横过→across prep.在……的对面(过)?积得多平时多积累，考场出华章1.与“雇用；辞退”相关的词汇①hire n．&vt.雇用②employ vt.雇用③take on 雇用④fire vt.解雇⑤dismiss vt.解雇⑥discharge vt.辞退⑦lay off 解雇⑧turn away 解雇2.单复数意义不同的名词小结①custom (风俗)→customs (海关)②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌)③paper (纸)→papers (文件)④art (艺术)→arts (文科)⑤arm (手臂)→arms (武器)⑥brain (脑袋)→brains (脑力)⑦work (工作)→works (作品)⑧short (短的)→shorts (短裤)3.“多数与少数”面面观①major adj. 主要的②majority n. 绝大部分③minor adj. 少数的④minority n. 少数4.以后缀“-ing”结尾的名词①crossing 十字路口②singing 唱歌③swimming 游泳④writing 写作二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多写得准用得活(选用左栏短语填空)1.live_on 继续存有；继续生存2.make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等3.mark_out 标出……界线4.keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭5.take_in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解6.apply_for 申请；请示得到7.occur_to_sb. 某人突然想到8.by_means_of 用……办法；借助于9.back_to_back 背靠背10.team_up_with 与……合作11.a_great/good_many 很多；很多12.the_majority_of 绝大部分……1.In some rural places of China, some people still prefer keeping_up their traditional lifestyle.2.After 15 years in the USA, he has finally made his decision to apply_for_American citizenship.3.While you are reading an article, you'd better mark_out the key words and topic sentences.4.—The trade caused me $500 worth of loss. —Pity! You didn't listen to my advice; otherwise, you would not have been taken_in.5.You can team_up_with one other class member if you can't finish it on time.?积得多平时多积累，考场出华章1.“v.＋out”结构的短语荟萃①mark out 标出……界线③turn out 结果是⑤make out 理解；辨认出②work out 锻炼④cut out 删去⑥come out 出版；开花2.“v.＋in”结构短语荟萃①break in 强行闯入②give in 屈服；投降③turn in 上交三、句式——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句明句式学仿写1.However, it is likely thatNative Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. it is likely that ...“有可能……”。

(完整word版)Book1Unit8FableoftheLazyTeenager

Fable of the Lazy TeenagerBenjamin Stein 1 One day last fall, I ran out of file folders and went to the drugstore to buy more. I put a handful of folders on the counter and asked a teenage salesgirl how much they cost. "I don't know," she answered. "But it's 12 cents each."2 I counted the folders. "Twenty-three at 12 cents each, that makes $ 2.76 before tax,"I said.3 "You did that in your head?" she asked in amazement. "How can you do that?"4 "It's magic," I said. <>5 "Really?" she asked.6 No modestly educated adult can fail to be upset by such an experience. While our children seembetter-natured than ever, they are so ignorant -- and so ignorant of their ignorance -- that they frighten me. In a class of 60 seniors at a private college where I recently taught, not one student could write a short paper without misspellings. Not one.7 But this is just a tiny slice of the problem. The ability to perform even the simplest calculations is only a memory among many students I see, and their knowledge of world history or geography is nonexistent.8 chilling indifference about all this ignorance. The attitude was summed up by a friend's bright, lazy16-year-old son, who explained why he preferred not to go to U.C.L.A. "I don't want to have to compete with Asians," he said. "They work hard and know everything."9 In fact, this young man will have to compete with Asians whether he wants to or not. He cannot live forever on the financial, material and human capital accumulated by his ancestors. At some point soon, his intellectuallaziness will seriously affect his way of life. It will also affect the rest of us. A modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor force. Planes will crash. Computers will jam. Cars will break down.10 To drive this message home to such young Americans, I have a humble suggestion: a movie, or TV series, dramatizing just how difficult it was for the country to get where it is -- and how easily it could all be lost. I offer the following fable.11 As the story opens, our hero, Kevin Hanley 1990, a 17-year-old high school senior, is sitting in his room, feeling bitter. His parents insist he study for his European history test. He wants to go shopping for headphones for his portable CD player. The book he is forced to read -- The Wealth of Nations -- puts him to sleep.12 Kevin dreams it is 1835, and he is his own great-great-great-grandfather at 17, a peasant in County Kerry, Ireland. He lives in a small hut and sleeps next to a pig. He is always hungry and must search for food. His greatest wish is to learn to read and write so he might get a job as a clerk. With steady wages, he would be able to feed himself and help his family. But Hanley's poverty allows no leisure for such luxuries as going to school. Without education and money, he is powerless. His only hope lies in his children. If they are educated, they will have a better life.13 Our fable fast-forwards and Kevin Hanley 1990 is now his own great-grandfather, Kevin Hanley, 1928. He, too, is 17 years old, and he works in a steel mill in Pittsburgh. His father came to America from Ireland and helped build the New York City subway. Kevin Hanley 1928 is far better off than either his father or his grandfather. He can read and write. His wages are far better than anything his ancestors had in Ireland.14 Next Kevin Hanley 1990 dreams that he is Kevin Hanley 1945, his own grandfather, fighting on Iwo Jima against a most determined foe, the Japanese army. He is always hot, always hungry, always scared. One night in afoxhole, he tells a friend why he is there: "So my son and his son can live in peace and security. When I get back, I'll work hard and send my boy to college so he can live by his brains instead of his back."15 Then Kevin Hanley 1990 is his own father, Kevin Hanley 1966, who studies all the time so he can get into college and law school. He lives in a fine house. He has never seen anything but peace and plenty. He tells his girl friend that when he has a son, he won't make him study all the time, as his father makes him.16 At that point, Kevin Hanley 1990 wakes up, shaken by his dream. He is relieved to be away from Ireland and the steel mill and Iwo Jima. He goes back to sleep.17 When he dreams again, he is his own son, Kevin Hanley 2020. There is gunfire all day and all night. His whole generation forgot why there even was law, so there is none. People pay no attention to politics, and government offers no services to the working class.18 Kevin 2020's father, who is of course Kevin 1990 himself, works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the Japanese. Kevin 2020 is a porter in a hotel for wealthy Europeans and Asians. Public education stops at the sixth grade. Americans have long since stopped demanding good education for their children.19 The last person Kevin 1990 sees in his dream is his own grandson. Kevin 2050 has no useful skills. Machines built in Japan do all the complex work, and there is little manual work to be done. Without education, without discipline, he cannot earn an adequate living wage. He lives in a slum where there is no heat, no plumbing, no privacy and survives by searching through trash piles.20 In a word, he lives much as Kevin Hanley 1835 did in Ireland. But one day, Kevin Hanley 2050 is befriended bya visiting Japanese anthropologist studying the decline of America. The man explains to Kevin that when a man has no money, education can supply the human capital necessary to start to acquire financial capital. Hard work,education, saving and discipline can do anything. "This is how we rose from the ashes after you defeated us in a war about a hundred years ago."21 "America beat Japan in war?" asks Kevin 2050. He is astonished. It seems as impossible as Brazil defeating the United States would sound in 1990. Kevin 2050 swears that if he ever has children, he will make sure they work and study and learn and discipline themselves. "To be able to make a living by one's mind instead of by stealing," he says." That would be a miracle."22 When Kevin 1990 wakes up, next to him is his copy of The Wealth of Nations. He opens it and the first sentence to catch his eye is this: "A man without the proper use of the intellectual faculties of a man is, if possible, more contemptible than even a coward."23 Kevin's father walks in. "All right, son," he says. "Let's go look at those headphones."24 "Sorry, Pop," Kevin 1990 says. "I have to study."。

(新课标)高考英语第1部分Book8Unit2Theuniversallanguage教案(含解析)牛津译林版

Book 8 Unit 2 The universal language晨读暮诵单元话题——文化交流1．culture n．文化2．custom n．习俗3．tradition n．传统4．exchange n．交换5．experience v．体验6．adventure n．冒险7．communication n．交流8．introduce v．介绍9．celebrate v．庆祝10．literature n．文学11．broaden one's horizons开阔某人的视野12．rich and colorful丰富多彩13．exchange students交换生14．adapt (oneself) to (使自己)适应15．remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏见和误解16．local customs and practices风土人情17．be familiar with熟悉；通晓18．bring in引进19．think highly of重视20．adopted words外来词1．I felt very pleased and excited，for this was the first time I had ever talked with a foreigner in English，and I did give him a little help.我感到很高兴，也很兴奋，因为这是我第一次用英语和外国人讲话，并且我确实给了他一点帮助。

2．They look so attractive and alive that I think you could be interested in them and at the same time you will have a better understanding of Chinese traditional culture.它们看起来如此迷人且栩栩如生，以至于我想你会对它们感兴趣，同时你也可以更好地了解中国传统文化。

全新版大学英语听说教程Book 1 Unit 1

Time Allotment: 2 periods
Procedures: Period 1 Part A Greetings and Introductions
Period 2 Part B Talking about studying English Part C How to improve listening comprehension Home Listening Part D English pronunciation
UNIT 1
Speaking task
Step 1: Ask students to read the dialogue
Step 2: Listen to the tape and pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation. Step 3: Ask students to create their own dialogue.
UNIT 1
Part B Talking about studying English
Step 1: Arrange the students in pairs and ask them to discuss the questions on page 4. Step 2: Bring the students attention to the Language Focus box and tell them they may use the expressions. Step 3: Language and culture notes. freshman: a first-year university student Singapore: a country in Southeast Asia with a population of about 3.4 million. English is one of its official languages. Step 3: Read exercise 1 and ask them to guess the questions from their reading of the choices. Step 4: Listen to the tape and finish exercise one and two.

专八满分听力Mini-lecture（1-4）

Mini-lecture 1Cultural UnderstandingLike learning a language，developing cultural understanding occurs step by step over time.Here are five stages of cultural understanding veduchina.Stage one：No understanding.一involves no awareness of the new culture：know nobody and few(1)Stage two：Sup erficial understanding.--awareness of (2) aspects of the foreign culture and stereotypes veduchina--stereotytres are(3)Stage three：Growing understanding and possible(4)--awareness of more subtle，less visible traits in foreign culture--unnecessarily bring acceptance veduchina.For anyone，the home culture is(5)Stage four：Greater(6)————understanding.一still(7) have little empathy veduchina一the(8) level is higherStage five：True empathy，and cultural (9)————.—to live in the foreign culture：the amount of time depends Oil(10)Mini-lecture 2 British Educational System1.Primary and secondary educationin Britain1)Children at the age of(1)________go to primary school.2)Students attend secondaryschool until age sixteen.3)Students enter higher education at age eighteen.2.Higher education in Britain1) In England and Wales：—Application for universities：through the UCCA；一Courses：“course”refers to a(2)_______ program，structured with a fixed program of classes；—Classes：a.classes are offered in the UK on a(3)________basis veduchina；b.more emphasi s i s placed on(4)________study；c.students write more essays and take fewer objective tests；d.classes often take the following forms：(5)______，tutorials，seminars.2) In Scotland：—A variety of tertiary level options are available：a.The colleges of further education provide vocational and (6)____education；b.Central institutions don’t directly validate degrees,but many have close ties to(7) .c.Teachers colleges veduchina；d.The standard university degree is a four—year(8)__________；parison between the US and the UK higher education1)Grading：一In the UK，(9)__________are the most common form of study assessment—The US professors grade less strictly than the UK professors veduchina2)Course levels：—Basic courses are not(10)____________at UK universities.Mini-lecture 3 Mass Media in AmericaMass media specifi cally refer to those publications and programs that attempt to serve most or all of the people in a given market.Three groups of mass media in America are briefly introduced.I. N ewspapersA.Reading newspaper is different from watching TV.—for one thing1.detailed(1)_______ of news items2.substantial treatment of news events3.interesting and stimulating opinions4.analysis over important events at home and abroac—for anotheras for the reading places, no(2)_______B.Newspapers are still a big business.—fact one: the large circulation of a number of important newspapers—fact two: the great (3)_______ of newspapers availableII. MagazinesA.great varietyB.wide range of topi csC.different target readers:the well-educated,well-informed,and(4)_____ peopleD.the top three:(5)_______ TV Guide and The Conde Nast SelectIII. Radio and TelevisionA.Radio:a first-class entertainment medium for most Americans一The future of the radio is still(6)___________B.Television--become popular after the invention of(7)_____ and videotape recorders—profound impact on society1.the socialization effect2.a(8)_________ a molder of new of new cultural trends and a molder of attitudes towards these new trends3.revolutionized the marketing of goods4.the enormous cultural impact of TV violent programs5.the impact of TV on(9)_______________To sum up，the mass media in Ameri ca has，to a great extent，changed and will still keep on changing Americans’(10)_________Mini-lecture 4 Government in Britain and the USThe focus of this lecture is different government systems in Britain and the US.Government in Britain:1. National government:the center of government in Britain iS Parliament.一Location of parliament:(1)__________.—Parliament includes the House of Common，the House of lords and the monarch.—the passage of bills:firstly brought to the House of Commons for discussion，then the house of Lords，finally(2)_________2. Local government in Britain，also known as(3)_________一make small laws,only applied in local area—got payment from(4)from national government--elected by people within each town,city or country areaGovernment in the US:1.The federal government—(5)________is the central law-making body in the US.1)the House of Representatives2)the Senate: the higher but less (6)________of the two houses of Congress.—The President has the power of (7)________a bill.—The Supreme Court: the final Court of Appeal in the US.2.The state government—Each state has its own written(8)________—The highest elected official of each state is the Governor.3.The local government—No law of local government can be(9)________with the United Constitution.To sum up，the government in each country is a (n) (10)________of its historicaland modern factors.参考答案：Mini-lecture1 (1)basi c facts (2)negative (3)offensive (4)conflict (5)much better(6)intellectual (7)emotionally (8)comfort (9)respect (10)the individualCulture understanding文化差异Today I will focus on the i ssue of culture understanding. With increasing globalization, the world becomes really small nowadays. As a member of the global, we get more chances to contact foreign cultures. And what if we want to understand foreign culture very well, what should we do? What kinds of process will we experience before we achieve that goal. The answer is not very difficult to imagine. Just like learning a language, developing culture understanding occurs steps by steps over time. Development of culture consciousness is a process that starts the stage no understanding and moves, in the best case, to the stage of true empathy移情作用,[心]神入and culture respect. So an order to make it a clearer explanation about the process, the five stages of culture understanding is presented here.Stage 1 no und erstanding This level involves no awareness of new culture. The point is quite easy to see. For a person who has few chances to get contact with other cultures, a new one sometimes might as well be like something from an unknown planet in outer space. The person does not know anyone from the culture, and has encountered few, if any, basi c facts about the culture; so naturally, the person certainly has no way to understand that culture at all.Stage 2 superficial understanding This level involves awareness of very superficial aspects of foreign culture, frequentl y negative aspects. At this stage of culture awareness, the person knows a few basic facts of new culture. These facts stand out and often serve as the basis of stereotypes 陈规,老套. However, the stereotypes are offensive because they imply that al l people from a certain culture have the same characteristi cs. At this stage of culture awareness, when stereotypes are keenly felt, the person is highly ethnocentric种族[民族]中心主义的,种族[民族, 集团]优越感的that means the person is just focused on his or her own culture as the norm of what is right and comparing the new culture with the better culture back home. Stage 3 growing und erstanding and possible conflict In this stage the learner begins to be aware of more subtle sometimes less visible traits in the foreign culture. I will give you an example here to illustrate this point. A student learned that a given culture focuses on family far more getting things accomplished. As a result, he or she begin to appreciate the huge importance of family value in this culture, so we can see thi s understanding helps the person to see why things operate the w ay they do. But such awareness doesn’t al ways bring acceptance. In this stage the person is still ethnocentri c home culture-oriented, comparing that culture that i s new to his/her old home culture and usually feel his/her home culture is much better. I think some of you, as English majors, may have the exactly same experiences when you come to be familiar with your foreign t eachers or friends. You do appreciate some of their cultures but you just can’t accept them from the bottom of your heart.Stage 4 great intellectual culture und erstanding At this stage the learner begins to comprehend intellectually the peopl e in the foreign culture yet they are still a little emotional empathy. The person can not feel what it is like to be a member of that culture, the learner thus starts to see things intellectually through the eye of culture bearers at the least part of the time, but they just can’t really feel the same way the members of foreign culture feel. The learner begins to shed ethnocentrism a little bi t and starts to understand new culture more deeply. The person knows why thing are done in the way they are done and accept these things with less irritation. So you can see now the learner obviously comprehend the briefs and actions of people in the culture, the comfort level is higher, and the person does not complain the extensively about the culture differences. That makes a big sense in the process of culture understanding.Stage 5 true empathy and culture resp ect This level is the highest one of culture awareness. To attain this level, the learner must actually live in the foreign culture for some time. As for how long the learner must live in such a culture so that they can reach stage five. The amount of time is variable, greatly depending on the individual. At the fifth stage, unlike the previous stages the learner does not just see things intellectually from the viewpoint of the culture some or most of the time, instead he/she actually feel the part of culture, respects the culture fully and emphasizes emotionally with those who have lived all their life in that culture. By doing so, the person, in real sense, achieves a true culture understanding.In summary, today’s lecture is centered on the stages and growth of culture consciousness. Altogether there are five. 1 no understanding means one does not know anyone from that culture knows few, if any, facts. 2 superficial understanding means one knows some superficial facts and stereotypes. 3 growing understanding and possible conflict means one is aware of moresubtle traits but may experience culture conflicts probably believes one’s own culture is superior. 4 great inte llectual culture understanding means one understands the culture intellectually but not emotionally. 5 true empathy and culture respect means one understands the culture both intellectually and emotionally, can feel what the people in the culture feel. Hope the lecture will be helpful in your nurturing of your culture awareness. Thanks for your patience.Mini-lecture2(1)five (2)degree (3)modular (4)independent/self-directed (5)lectures (6)technical(7)local businesses (8)Honors degree (9)written examinations (10) commonBritish Educational SystemToday I’ll talk about the British educational system, including the primary and secondary education and the higher education in Britain. Meanwhile, I’ll try to make a comparison between the US an d the UK higher education.First, I’ll briefly introduce the primary and secondary education in Britain. In England and Wales, students study in primary schools from age five until eleven. They attend secondary school until age sixteen. Before graduating, students usually take seven comprehensive exams, called the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams. After passing the GCSE exams, students choose to study two to four subjects intensely for the GCE Advanced Level exams, called "A levels." At eighteen, they enter higher education to focus on a parti cular subject, called a "course."Now let’s move on to the higher education in Britain. First I’ll talk about the general practi ces in England and Wales, and then the general practices in Scotland.In England and Wales, prospective university students apply for places through the Universities Central Council on Admissions (UCCA). Students do not apply directly to the universities themselves. Successful candidates are admitted directly into a specific degree "course." A degree course normally takes three or four years to complete. At most universities students study only one major subject. Each course i s structured with a fixed program of classes for the entire three years. Increasingly, universities in the United Kingdom are offering classes on a modular(课程教学)以单元为基础的basis, whi ch allows students to broaden their studies creating a more interdisciplinary program. This modularization, however, has not replaced the traditional British degree course with the American concept of credit accumulation. In addition, there is generally a sharp distinction between the arts and sciences and there is seldom any cross-over between the two.At a British university, more emphasis i s placed on independent, self-directed study than in the United States. Required texts and definite reading assignments are less common. More typi cally, an extensive reading list covering all topi cs to be discussed is di stributed at the start of the course to be used for independent research. British students typically consult a large number of sources from the library rather than intensively studying a few books purchased by everyone taking a course. In addition, students are required to write more essays and take fewer objective tests than at U.S. institutions. Classes often take the following forms: lectures, which are sometimes completely optional; tutorials, in whi ch a small number of students meet with the lecturer; and seminars, larger discussion classes often based upon seminar essays. Unlike the U.S. system of regular testing in a course, British students sit for final examinations that cover the full year's work and determine the grades for the class. With the growth of modularization, however, there has al so been an increase in the number and variety of modules offered on a semester basi s.In Scotland, there are a variety of tertiary第三的,第三位的level options available for students, the most important of whi ch are the colleges of further education, the central institutions, teachers colleges and the universities. The colleges of further education provide vocational and technical education, and enroll more students than all other tertiary institutions combined. Central institutions provide courses leading to the Higher National Diploma (HND), bachelor's degrees and some specialized master's degrees. These institutions do not have the authority to directly validate degrees and tend to offer a narrower range of subjects than the universities. Many have close ties to local businesses, offering cooperative work experiences that provide students a period of practical training.Scottish universities are quite di stinct from their British counterparts. In fact, they more closely resemble European or American universities. The standard Scottish university degree is a four-year Honors degree (BA Hons). Students are rarelyadmitted directly to a degree "course." Usually they are admitted to a faculty or simply admitted to the university as a whole. Scottish university students begin with a broad-based program during the first year and choose a specialization专门[业]化after the second or even the third year. Students may also elect to complete a three-year Ordinary degree. This i s a broad-based degree that (unlike in England) does not represent a "failed" Honors degree.Next, let’s compare the US and the UK highe r education from two aspects,]namely, grading and course levels.First, about the Grading. In the UK, assessment methods vary by institution and tend to reflect the UK teaching method and style. Written examinations, whi ch are held at the end of a year or, in some cases, in the final undergraduate year only, are the most common form of study assessment. There i s no official method of equating British and American educational qualifications. The educational systems are very different and attempts to compare them must be done on a strictly provisional basis. Many U.S. institutions have already developed systems of assessing their study abroad students or equating British grades to U.S. grades.Professors at UK institutions grade more stri ctly than their counterparts in the United States. As a result, American students studying in the UK often perceive that they have performed poorly in their classes, when they have not. Grades are given as percentages rather than letter grades. Forty percent is the minimum passing grade and high percentages are rarely awarded. A grade of seventy percent or higher is considered "with distinction."In general, percentages increase from forty rather than decrease from 100 percent, as they do in the United States.Second, about the Course Levels. A typi cal British course load will vary from 3 to 6 modules or classes per term. Most students take 4 to 5 modules per term. The number of hours in class per week will vary by institution. Students should note that general education or basi c courses are not as common at UK universities because they have already been covered at the GCSE level. Many faculties assume that a student has a basi c understanding of the concepts that will be addressed in the course. For this reason, it is common for third-year American students to take first-year and second-year courses at a UK university.With thi s, we’re coming to the end of today’s lecture. Next time, we’ll talk about university degrees.Mini-lecture3 (1)coverage (2) limitation/confinement (3) variety(4)public—conscious(5) Reader’s Digest (6) promising/bright (7)portable cameras (8) transmitter (9) religion (10)lifeMass Media in America美国媒体Good morning, everyone,today my topic i s mass media in America. By media, we refer to the variety of means by which technology transmits information and entertainment to us. Thus, in its broadest sense, the term media includes newspaper, television, movies, radio, books, and magazines. Mass media specifi cally refer to those publications and programs that attempt to serve most or all of the people in a given market. Here I would like to introduce the mass media in America by dividing them into three groups: newspaper; magazines; radio and television.First, let’s have a look at newspapers. For a long time, newspapers have been the chief means by whi ch people get themselves informed. While television has replaced newspapers as the primary source of news for most Americans, and while computer network is increasingly becoming a faster and easier way of obtaining news for many Americans, newspapers still remain as one of the most powerful means of communications in the United States. For one thing, reading newspapers i s different from watching TV. It gives detailed coverage报道范围of news items, and tends to provide substantial treatment of news events. And, sometimes it offers interesting and stimulating opinions as well as analysis over important events at home and abroad. For another, unlike watching TV, reading newspapers does not require one to be confined to his sitting-room. He can do it virtually anywhere he likes: in his car, at the breakfast table, sitting in the sun, waiting at the subway station, and believe it or not, in the restroom. So, for these and many other reasons, newspapers in the United States are still a big bus iness. And, this is borne out by two facts: (1) the large circulation of a number of important newspapers such as USA Today《今日美国》and The Wall Street Journal《华尔街日报》; (2) the great variety of newspapers available in the United States, big and small, local and national, special and general, radical and conservative, and so on. The top 3 daily newspapers in the United States are: Wall Street Journal, USA Today and New York Times《纽约时报》.Second, we’ll move to magazines. According to a statisti cal record in 1990, there were over 12,205 magazines being published in the United States. More than 4,000 of them appear monthly, and over 1,300 are published each week. They cover all topics and interests, from art and architecture to sports, from aviation航空学,飞机制造业and gardening to computers and book reviews, from fashion design and cooking to homemaking. Quite a few have international editors, are translated into other languages, or have “daughter” editions in foreign countries. Among the many internationals are National Geographic《国家地理》杂志, Reader’s Digest《读者文摘》杂志,Cosmopolitan《大都会》,Vogue《时尚》杂志,Time《时代》,Newsweek 《新闻周刊》, Scientific American and Psychology Today. The weekly newsmagazines —the best known are Time, Newsweek, and U.S. News & World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》—serve as a type of national press. Unlike newspapers, however, weekly newsmagazines tend to give extensive coverage and provide detailed, and sometimes in-depth, analysis. Also unlike newspapers, whi ch usually have the lowest common denominator in their appeal to the general reading public, weekly newsmagazines normally target at the well-educated, well-informed, and public-conscious people of the society. Many weekly newsmagazines also have considerable international impact, particularly Time and Newsweek. The top three magazines in America are: (1) Reader’s Digest; (2) TV Guide《电视导读》; (3) The Conde Nast Select.Third, I’ll say something about radio and television. In more than two generations, the two powerful mass media transformed much of American life.Radio, emerging at the same period when the Great Depression pervaded蔓延, 在…中盛行in America, provided free entertainment in the comforts of the home. Families that could no longer afford to go out for entertainment gathered together in their living rooms to escape reality by laughing, fantasizing梦想,幻想and dreaming of happier times. From then on, radio became a first-class entertainment medium for most Ameri cans. Up until now, in view of the popularity of radio programs in the United States, the future of radio as a form of medium continues to look bright.Then, with the rapid development of science and technology, TV came into being in 1920s. It primarily serves as a medium of entertainment, and then also has a big role to play as a news broadcasting agency. Networks began experimenting with news at locally owned stations as early as January 1940. But, early-day television news could not begin to compare with radio news. Only after the invention of portable cameras and videotape recorders had television been made a much more credible news medium because viewers saw pictures of the news events on the day they occurred. Consequently, access to news is made much easier, and the general public is getting better informed.Gradually, television’s impact on American society has been more and more profound. It has changed the life-styles of most Americans and become a major influence on American culture. It can be seen from 5 aspects.First and foremost is the socialization effect. Many studies have shown that TV’s dominance as household activi ty often reduces the level of communi cation among family members and, as a result, much of the culture being distributed to youngsters today in the United States comes from the tube rather than the family.Secondly, television programming has played an important role in shaping and reflecting for the masses the cultural changes that have been occurring in American Society. TV functions both as a transmitter传送[递]者of new cultural trends and as a molder造型者,模塑者of new attitudes towards these new trends.Thirdly, television has revolutionized the marketing of goods in the Ameri can economy. With TV marketing, people become vulnerable to the products, or in other words, to the commercials.Fourthly, the cultural impact of violent TV programs has been quite enormous. Needless to say, the question of violence on TV has been around nearly as long as the medium. Many critics claim that TV violence increases violence in American society.Fifthly, the impact of TV on religion has al so been an issue of great concern to many Americans. So far now, it is still an issue full of di sputes.To sum up, the mass media in Ameri ca includes so many different forms, and each of them plays a vital role in American people’s life not only in the past, but also at present and in the future. To know much about America, one must have a good knowledge about its mass media.Mini-lecture4 (1)Westminster (2)signed (3)Councils (4)local taxes (5)Congress (6)powerful(7)veto (8)Constitution (9)in di sagreement (10)embodimentGovernment in Britain and the US英美政府Today we will focus on the Government in Britain and the United States. Let’s have a look at them one after the other.Government in Britain can be divided into National government and Local government.The center of government in Britain is Parliament, which makes all the important laws for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation课税, etc. Parliament i s made up of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the monarch. The Houses of Parliament are in Westminster in London and sometimes “Westminster” itself i s used to mean Parliament.The House of commons, or the Commons, is the lower but more powerful of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called Members of Parliament or MPs, each representing people in a parti cular area or constituency(议员所代表的)(全体)选民;选(举)区. The House of Lords上议院, or the Lords, is the higher but less powerful of the two Houses. It has over 1,000 members, none of whom is elected. These members include: people who have titles like Lord or Viscount子爵whi ch have been passed down to them on the death of their father; people who are given titles as a reward for their long servi ce in public life, but whose children do not inherit their title; and some important leaders of the Church of England, such as Archbishops and Bishops.The government brings bills to the House of Commons下议院, whi ch are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to the House of Lords to be di scussed. The House of Lords can suggest changes to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it. When bills come back to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if they are passed they are signed by the monarch and become Acts of Parliament.At present England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are all governed by Parliament in Westminster. In Northern Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons. In Scotland there is a lot of di scussion about whether Scotland should have some separate or partly separate form of government. The same is true in Wales. The Local government in Britain, also known as Councils, can make small laws, that i s bylaws, whi ch only apply in their area, but these are usually about small, local matters. For instance, they may be about fines that will be made for people who park in certain streets.Councils are paid for by local taxes and also by an amount of money given to them each year by the national government. Their main job is the organizing and providing of local services, e.g. hospitals, schools, libraries, public transport, street-cleaning, etc. They are also responsible for setting the amount of local tax that people must pay and for collecting thi s tax.Local councils are elected by people within each town, city, or county area. The people who are elected, known as councilors, usually represent one of the national political parties, but are often elected because of their policies on local issues rather than the national policies of their party.Now let’s move to the topi c of Government in the US. All levels of government in the US, including federal, state, and local, are elected by the people of the country.First, we’ll talk about the federal government. The constitution of the US specifi cally limits the power of the federal, or national, government mainly to defense, foreign affairs, printing money, controlling trade and relations between the states, and protecting human rights. The federal government is made up of the Congress , the President, and the Supreme Court. Congress, the central law-making body in the US, i s made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives is the lower but more important of the two houses of Congress. It has 435 members, called Representatives or Congressmen. The number of Representatives for each state depends on the size of the population of the state, with each state having at least one Representative. The Senate i s the higher but less powerful of the two houses of Congress. It has 100 members, called Senators, elected by their state. Each state has two Senators. Congress decides whether a BILL becomes law. If the Senate and the House of Representatives both agree to a bill, the President i s asked to agree. The President can veto the bill, but Congress can still make it a law if 2/3 of the members of each house agree to it.Second, we’ll learn something about the state government. The state government has the greatest influence in people’s daily lives. Each state has its own written Constitution, and among the states there are sometimes great differences in law on matters such as property, crime, health and education. The highest elected official of each state is the Governor. Each state also has one。

新视野大学英语(第二版)第1册Unit8SectionB教师版-讲义

To be continued
随笔
Practice
NHCE
课文
自测
Байду номын сангаас
Although you may not be able to understand every detail from the subject or the first sentence —and although a writer may surprise you with unexpected ideas—you can often see the general direction in which the writer is going. This reading skill can help you understand the text better when you go back for a closer reading, or give you a good idea of where in the reading passage to look for answers to specific questions.
课文
自测
Directions:
Judging from the title and subtitles, what kind of content do you expect to find under each of them? Choose the answer that seems most likely to you.
随笔
Introduction
NHCE
课文
自测
Title: Ways of Increasing Creativity Subtitles: Capture the fleeting

师大必修Unit8 Lesson1 精品课件

Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
Leave a light on when you go out.
Drop a piece of litter and can
Activate and Share
Read and Explore
2 Pair Work Read Paragraph 1. Discuss the questions.
Read and Explore
1. What is “Just-me-ism”? “Just-me-ism” is a way of thinking that focuses on caring for just oneself and ignores the environment, animals, and the community.
Read and Explore
3 Read Paragraph 2 & 3. Complete the table.
To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established. This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees. In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from pre-schoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light. The roots and shoots are you, your friends and young people all around the world. Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in.

新视野大学英语(第二版)第1册Unit8 SectionB 教师版

随
笔
Introduction
NHCE
技巧
自测
Text B
New Words Questions Previewing Choice Making
Passage Reading
NHCE
技巧
自测
creativity chill dip applaud remark decade convince capacity impulse potential
随
笔
Introduction
NHCE
课文
自测
Title:
Ways of Increasing Creativity
Subtitles: Capture the fleeting
Daydream Seek challenges
Expand your world
随
笔
Introduction
NHCE
课文
To be continued
随
笔
Practice
NHCE
课文
自测
Example
Try to read ONLY the yellow-colored part and make your predictions. All of us have experienced this sudden arrival of a new idea, but it is easiest to examine it in the great creative personalities, many of whom experienced it in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters. One can draw examples from genius in any field,…(Para.3 Passage A) Possible prediction? Some big ideas come by themselves all of a sudden.

学术综合英语1-6课课文及翻译

学术综合英语1-6课课文及翻译Presenting a speech（做演讲）Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。

我们用语言language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself.传承文化。

事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。

[Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality butalso helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events].和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。

——语序的调整。

Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately.好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。

英语专业视听说book 1 Unit 6

Unit 6 Language and Language Learning Vocabulary Building1.j2.d3.h4.b5.f6.c7.a8. e9. g 10.iPart AListening PriacticeTopic: A Good language Learner ---Six Short Dialogues and One MonologueListening task 1 ANSWER: 1N 2S 3N 4S 5N 6 Y Listening Task 2Having the recording:1.having learning targets and approaches to it2.being willing to experiment and take risks3.being realistic4.being independent or working independent5.being organized and making proactive use of time and effort6.showing balanced concern for fluency and accuracy incommunicationLanguage Follow-up1.purposeful2.adventurous3.realistic4.independent5organized, proactive municativePart BListening PracticeTopic: Learning English in America ---an InterviewListening Task 1Questions asked by the interviewer:1.why did you choose “Stella” as your nickname?2.why did you choose to study journalism in America?3.did you say you had studied English for 10 years?4.Did you find it more difficult to speak English or to writeit?5.Has there ever been an occasion when someone ridiculed yourEnglish?Listening Task 21. C 2 D 3 B 4 D 5 CLanguage Follow-up1.I’ve studied English for about 10 years, so there will beno great language barrier to communication if I choose to study in America.2.I have a lot of friends and relatives here, so I can be takencare of by them.3.English is an international language, so most of learn itwhen we are young.4.it seems in Taiwan we have more of an opportunity for readingand listening5.I have learnt English for 10 years and still can’t expressmyself very clearly.Part CListening practiceThe Story of the Norfolk-Pitcairn Dialect----a Radio Talk Listening task 1This program tells us the origin of Norfolk-Pitcairn language, its development over the years, the problems it faces at present, and measures taken to save the language.Listening task 21 F2 T3 F4 F5 T6 FLanguage follow-up1.to2.of3.under4.on5.to6. with7.in8.ofPART AA Good Language Learner ---Six Short Dialogues and One MonologueLISTENING TASK 11.Man: Do you like going swimming with Mark in the river? Woman: He always swims in the river It's too dirty for me.Question: Does the woman like going swimming with Mark?2. Woman: Do you like listening to pop music?Man: It depends.Question: Does the man like listening to pop music?3. Man: Would you like to watch the football match with me tomorrow afternoon?Woman: Football matches are always awful.Question: Does the woman like watching football?4. Woman: Do you like Chinese food?Man: Not at all .Question: Does the man like eating Chinese food?5. Woman: Would you like an ice cream?Man: Well... I'd rather have something hot instead.Question: Does the man like eating ice cream?6. Man: Let's play computer games, shall we?Woman: Terrific!Question: Does the woman like playing computer games? LISTENING TASK 2There has been a lot of research in recent years into what makes a good language learner. Here is a brief summary of the latest theories:Good language learners think about how they are learning. Theytry to find out what works for them and what doesn't. If; they don't understand the purpose of a particular exercise, they ask their teacher for a clear explanation.Good language learners are willing to experiment and take risks. For example, they will out different ways of learning vocabulary until they find the way that suits them best. They are also not afraid of making mistakes because they know that these will help them.Good language learners are realistic. They know that it will take time and effort to become proficient in English, and that there will be periods when they don't seem to be making much progress.Good language learners are independent. They do not expect to learn English just by sitting in the classroom, and do not rely on the teachers to direct their learning.Good language learners are organized and proactive. They use their time to learn English sensibly, and are always looking for opportunities to develop their language both inside and outside the classroom.Some students are extroverts in communicating their thoughts and do not care about making many mistakes in doing so. Good language learners, on the other hand, are concerned with bothfluency in communication and accuracy of language usage PART BLearning English in America ...... an Interview Interviewer:Hello, Miss Hsiao! From your CV we know that your Chinese name is Wenchin Hsiao, and that you have an interesting English nickname, "Stella". Why did you pick "Stella" as your nickname?Wenchin Itsiao: I wanted to find a unique name, and "Stella" sounds different. I picked it from a dictionary. "Stella" means star.Interviewer: Why did you choose to study journalism in the US? Wenchin Itsiao: I have at least two reasons. One is, the States is an English speaking country. I've studied English for about 10 years, so there will be no great language barrier to communication if I choose to study in America. The second reason is, journalism in the States is more advanced and influential than in any other countries. And there're quite a few world famous universities which offer best courses in journalism. Also, I have a lot of friends and relatives here, so I can be taken care of by them.Wenchin Itsiao: Yes, I started in junior high school . I also learned Japanese when I was at university. Japan occupiedTaiwan of China for 15 years, so a lot of people in Taiwan could speak Japanese. And also, for a Chinese, learning Japanese is easier because Japanese has borrowed a lot of words and characters from Chinese. Learning Japanese is easier than learning English. But English is international language, so most of us learn it when we are young.Interviewer:Do you find it more difficult to speak English or to write it?Wenchin Hsiao: Oh, I have difficulty in writing and speaking, but not in reading and listening. It seems in Taiwan we have more of an opportunity for reading and listening. But I have to improve my English writing and speaking skills in America. Interviewer Has there ever been an occasion when someone ridiculed your English?Wenchin Hsiao: No, but I'm a sensitive person. If I say something and they can't understand me, they'll say, "I'm sorry I can't understand you." If they say that, then I feel frustrated or embarrassed. I have been learning English for 10 years and still can't express myself very clearly.PART CThe Story of Norfolk-Pitcairn Language---- a Radio Talk Bruce Hill: Hello and welcome to Pacific Focus on Today'sSociety. I'm Bruce Hill. Norfolk Island in the Tasman Sea is home to one of the most unique cultures in the Pacific. And one of the things the islanders are most proud of is their unique language. But as with many languages in the region, the Norfolk-Pitcairn dialect is under threat of being diluted or being superseded entirely by mainstream English. So for the first time it's going to be taught in the schools on Norfolk Island. Ellis Buffet has written a grammar book and dictionary of the Norfolk-Pitcairn language to help school children learn the language. She says one of the concerns that the islanders have is that inter-marriage with outsiders might dilute the languageEllis Buffet: A lot of children and young people who are of Norfolk Island blood or Pitcairn descent, who can't speak the Norfolk Island language, have come to me in recent years and asked me where their culture is and where their language is. By 1987, I foresaw that it would happen that the people would be wanting to know how to speak their language. So I have given the language a writing system because English is too hard. You can't use the English might speak a fair bit of English mingled with the language (which is not pronounced the same as English), it was necessary to have a spelling system that could write thelanguage as we pronounce it.Bruce Hill: Is what you're doing here ... teaching it in schools and having written these books … are these going to be enough to save the language?Ellis Buffet: No, they're going to have to use it themselves; you know, practise. People used to go up to the school and tell children Norfolk Island words and do a little bit of conversational Norfolk Island language. But my vision is that people, whose mother tongue is the Norfolk Island language, will also write in it too, and express themselves using their own language as fully as they can in the language that they have learned as their native dialect.Bruce Hill: The Norfolk-Pitcairn language isn't of interest just to the islanders though. Professor Peter Muhlhausler of the Linguistics Department of Adelaide University says it's a fascinating blend of 18th century English and Tahitian , along with other elements. So Ms. Buffet, thank you for coming. And good luck to you!。

大学英语book1 unit 8

To Be Continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
All her life she suffered from poor health and perhaps in some measure accounted for her great sympathy for human misery. She has been known chiefly for her sonnet-sequence, Sonnet from the Portuguese (葡萄牙十四行诗) (1850), love poems dedicated to her husband, which contain very subtle sentiments and delicate feelings expressed in beautiful language. But her father had forbidden all 12 of his sons and daughters to marry. This is why we have such a story now.
Their love story is famous for its purity, its poetry, and its passion. But most of all, it is famous because their romance took place primarily by mail.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
“Oh, to be in England Now that April‟s there, And whoever wakes in England Sees, some morning, unaware, That the lowest boughs and the brushwood sheaf1 Round the elm-tree2 bole3 are in tiny leaf, While the chaffinch4 sings on the orchard bough In England—now!” —from Robert Notes: 1. sheaf: bunch 2. elm-tree: a kind of tree, in Chinese “榆树” 3. bole: trunk 4. chaffinch: n. 花鸡(一种欧洲鸣禽)

创新大学英语视听说book1unit1

创新大学英语视听说book1unit1授课题目：Unit 1 College Life授课时间：第______周授课类型：实训课授课时数：_______课时教学目的及要求：By learning this unit, the student should1.To talk about college life and identify names and sound recognition2.To do some listening tasks for both general understanding and details3.To practice speaking tasks4.To apply the useful words, phrases and substitution expressions教学重点及难点：1. Listening Task: Viewing, Listening and Speaking & Listening and Discussing2. Useful words, phrases and substitution expressions3. Speaking Task: talking about college life教学方法和手段：Task-based communicative, multi-media teaching through:1.Recording listening;2.Video watching;3.PPT showing;4.Individual work, pair work & group work.教学内容和过程：Unit 1 College lifeLead-inA.Match the words to the pictures. Then answer thequestions.1) Key:1.C2. A3.B4.I5. E6. F7. H8. D9.G2) questions:Do you find your life on campus interesting? Why or why not?tips: ---Yes: new friends, fresh, have freedom, with great anticipation…--No: lonely, boring, no goal, no orientation…B.Listen and fill in the blanks.Keys:1.never2.away freedom3.lonely boat4.study fun5.learning6.time outDiscussion:1)whose idea do you agree with most? Why?2)Whose idea do you agree with least? Why?3)interview your partner, be ready to tell the class about his or her first dayon campus.Part 1 Listening Skills1.Exercise A:listen to the short dialogues and choose the best answer to each question.keys: 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5.D2.Exercise Bpills, class, goat, riding, bed, cap3.tongue twisters (p/b t/d k/g)双唇音p,bPeter Piper picked a peck(配克,量词) of pickle(泡菜)prepared by his parents and put them in a big paper plate.Bill's big brother is building a beautiful building between two big brick blocks.齿龈音t,dToo many teenagers tend to waste their time watching television.Dick's daughter Dianna doesn't like dancing.软腭音k,gGood cookies could be cooked by a good cook, if a good cook could cook good cookies.A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose!Part 2 real listening1.Conversation 1A.Watch and answerkey: Y N Y N NB.Listen and supply the missing words.Glad, great, life, new, freshman, excitingC.omittedD.Tick those you heard in the conversation. Memorize all the expressions in thebox. Then make a conversation with your partner.Glad to meet you.Where are you from?I’ve been there a few times.I take it you are a freshman?I t’s pretty exciting to be here.2.Conversation 2A.Watch the video clip and choose the best answer to each question.B.Watch the video clip and answer the questions by completing the blanks.C.Pair work: watch the video clip again, repeat it sentence by sentence, and thenrole-play it in pairs. After the practice, change roles.D.Tick the expressions you heard in the conversation and memorize all theexpressions in the box.E.Pair work: work with your partner and create your own conversation by referringto the map.Part 3 Focus Listening1.Passage 1Listen to the joke and mark the statements T or F.Listen to the joke again and retell it to your partner.Communication task: discuss the questions with your partner.2.passage 2Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question.Listen to the passage again and answer the questions by completing the sentences with no more than three words.Communication T ask: Discuss the questions with your partner.3.passage 3listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question you hear.listen to the passage again and answer the questions by completing the blanks.communication task: work in groups to discuss the question: do you think iPads are better than paper textbooks in education?tips:advantages of an iPad:--able to display multimedia software to make the teaching more vivid, stimulate\arouse the students’ interest in learning, so that they remember what they have learned better.--easier for students to hand in their homework--easier interaction between students and teachers after class--easier to search for the needed information in an electronic bookdisadvantages of an iPad:--no evidence to show that iPad can improve study results --in class students may browse the internet, watch movies or play games on an iPad, therefore t hey don’t concentrate on what the teacher says.--may even read unhealthy materials--few students bother to read long articles or serious literary works--a fairly large initial investmentHomework:1.Report:Search the internet for the top 5 universities in the world, and describe one of them to your classmates. If you had another chance to choose one of them, which would you choose? Why?2.Finish the exercises in P7-8参考文献：1.王云松，汪洋. 创新大学英语视听说教程（第二版）第一册[M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2016.2.王云松. 创新大学英语视听说教程（第二版）第一册教师用书[M]. 上海：华东师范大学出版社，2016.3.夏纪梅. 现代外语课堂设计理论与实践[M]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003.课后小结：。

21世纪实用英语book1 unit1-8

Unit 1I study of the text1. What was the writer afraid of when he first became a college student?2. What are the three questions he had about his classmates and himself?3. What did the writer have to do in order to do well in his studies?4. What mistakes did the writer make at first?5. What happened to him shortly after?6. What other things did the writer do in addition to his studies?7. How did the writer begin to see himself as a result?8. What did he think of his future at that time?9. Why was the writer so sure about himself and his own future?10. What does the expression “this important hurdle in my life”mean?II study of words&grammar1. transition: n. (instance of) changing from one state or condition to another 过渡；转变2. do well: be successful, especially in work or business 干得好Eg: Jack is doing very well at work.Tom did well at school when he was young.3. being off: 离开As this expression is used after the preposition “of”, the verb “be”takesthe -ing form. The expression “be off ”means “leave or be away”.Eg: I must be off now (=I must leave).Her son was off on a business trip somewhere (=Her son was away on a business trip somewhere).4. by oneself: alone 单独，独自Eg: Come in; we're all by ourselves.You can't go home by yourself in the dark.5. surround: vt. be or move into position all around (sb. or sth.) 包围；围住；环绕Eg: The trees surround the house.As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness6. compete: vi.try to win sth. by defeating others who are trying to do the same竞争；对抗Eg: It's difficult for a small country to compete against/with big countries7. keep up with: move or progress at the same rate as 跟上Eg: I had to walk fast to keep up with him.Jack's having trouble keeping up with the other students in his class.8. be up to: be left to (sb.) to decide取决于(某人)的，须由(某人)决定的Eg: You may do your homework today or tomorrow —it's up to you.It's up to our group leader to make the final decision9. set: cause to exist 树立，制定Eg: Parents should set a good example for their children.The school set high standards for its students10. regulate: vt. control (time, speed, etc.) so that it functions as desired调整；调节（时间、速度等）Eg: regulate one's liferegulate the temperature of a room11. with whom to be friendly: with whom to be friends对谁友好Eg: Betty' s very friendly with John and Tom12. for one self means unaided “without help” 独自地;依靠自己Eg: Nobody should help John with his homework this time. He must do it for himself.13. a bit: a little or to a small degree有点；稍微Eg: I ' m a bit tired tonight.She looks a bit like my sister.14. spend time (in) doing sth.: use time doing a particular thing花时间做某事Eg: Mary spends all her free time writing one book after another.I spent an hour reading.15. shortly : ad. in a short time; not long; soon 不久；很快Eg: Ms Jones will be back shortly.They began their work shortly after New Year' s Day.16. have sth. under control: have sth. managed, dealt with, or kept in order successfully使某事恢复正常；使某事处于控制之下Eg: I' m glad to see that you have had everything under control.The soldiers had had the fire under control by 9:00 p.m.17. manage: vt. succeed in doing (sth.) 设法做到Eg: Anyway, we managed to get there on time.When they first arrived in Shanghai, they managed to find a place to stay.18. addition : n. adding; person or thing added 加；增加的人（或物）in addition: as sth. extra; besides 另外；加之eg: Tom studies very hard in our school. In addition, he always helps his classmates.My English teacher knows three languages. In addition to English and Chinese, he also knows French.19. comfortable: a.feeling physically relaxed and satisfied; feeling free from anxiety 舒适的；安逸的；无忧无虑的Eg: I was so comfortable and warm in bed that I didn' t want to get up.She does not feel very comfortable with strangers.20. share: vt.have or use (sth.) with others; tell (sb.) about (sth.) 与别人分享（或合用）（某物）；把（某事）告诉（某人）Eg: I share an office with some other teachers.They shared the cake between them.I want to share my news with you.21. set up: establish 建立Eg: He set up a small travel business.A fund will be set up for the dead men' s families.22. meet: vt. satisfy 满足Eg: Does this meet your hopes?We are doing our best to meet your needs.23. as a result: coming or happening as a natural consequence 结果Eg: He made one big mistake and, as a result, lost his job.He was late as a result of the snow.24. look on/upon: regard (sb. or sth.) in the specified way（以特定目光或情绪）看；看待Eg: We looked on her as our own daughter.I look on him with dislike.25. see…as: regard…as 把…看作Eg: He saw himself as a great man.Similar expressions: I want you to think of this as your home.I look on him as a good friend.26. responsible : a. (for) legally or morally obliged to take care of sb. or sth. or to carry out a duty,and liable to be blamed if one fails（法律上或道义上）需负责任的,承担责任的Eg: He is responsible for the management of the company.They are not my children, but I still feel responsible for them.27. turn out: prove to be 证明是Eg: Our party last night turned out a success.I was a bit worried about John' s idea at first, but it turned out to be a really good one.28. in store: about to happen; waiting 即将发生；等待着Eg: You never know what' s in store for you.John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight!29. ahead: ad. & ［一般作表语］a. further forward in space or time在前面，在前Eg:The road ahead is very busy.Our team was ahead by six points.30. ahead of: in front of 在…前面Eg: You have a long trip ahead of you.Let Tom walk ahead of you —he knows this place well31. handle : vt. deal with; manage; control 理处，应付；管理；操纵，控制Eg: John handled the problem well.If you can' t handle the job,I' ll get someone else to do it32. dependent : a. (on, upon) needing support from sb. or sth. 依靠的；依赖的Eg: Jane’s mother was dependent on her for everyday care.You can' t be dependent on your parents all your lifeUnit 2I study of the text1. Who was Louis Braille?2. Why is January 4 named Braille Day?3. How many people were there in Louis’s family?4. How did Louis become blind?5. As a blind child, did Louis give up his school education? How could he keep up withstudies in school?6. What did Louis’s parents decide to do when he was nine years old?7. What were the books for the blind like in the school in Paris?8.What was the alphabet code used by army soldiers made up of?9. Why was the code no good for the blind?10. How long did it take Louis to develop his Braille system?11. How does the Braille system work?II study of words&grammar1. blind: a. unable to see 瞎的，盲的Eg: Mary’s been blind since birth.Love is blind.2. desire : n. longing; strong wish 渴望；愿望Eg: A strong desire is an essential requirement for success.You can tell him of your desire to go on the trip with him3. lead to: have (sth.) as its result 导致Eg: The high fever led to her blindness.Confidence and hard work will lead to success4. honor :1). n.great (public) respect, good opinion,etc.shown to sb.; good character or reputation 崇敬；敬意；荣誉；名誉Eg: Bill’s brave actions earned him great honor.We hold him in great honor.2). vt. show great respect or honor to 向…表示敬意；给…以荣誉Eg: The Bible says that you should honor your father and mother.September 10 is Teacher’s Day in China. That day honors teachers.3) in honor of (used at the end of the text): out of respect for 出于对…的敬意Eg: This holiday is celebrated in honor of the old.The school decided to build a new library in honor of its former headmaster5. 说某事发生在特定的某一天，用介词on来表示。

创新大学英语第一册 Unit8

• fortune ① n. 巨款，财富 • He made a considerable fortune selling waste materials. • a small fortune [口语] 大笔钱，一笔巨款 ② n. 机会，运气 • good fortune 好运 • fortunate adj. 幸运的 • I was fortunate in having a good teacher.
• accomplish vt. 完成；实现；达到
• to accomplish one's mission • to accomplish one„s dream • This task is accomplished by great effort
• Edison is considered one of the most prolific inventors, holding a record 1,093 patents in his name. Most of these inventions were not completely original but improvements of earlier patents, and were actually made by his numerous employees. Edison was frequently criticized for not sharing the credits.
application form
• amaze 使…大为吃惊 • He amazed everyone by passing his driving test. • We were amazed at the change in his appearance.

BOOK 1 unit 6新视野大学英语第三版

B decline
J generate
C interfering
K committing
D burning
L contrasting
E compromising
M consistent
F reliable
N flexible
G opportunity
O circumstances
H schedules
Never try to cut corners by copying assignments from other students.
Thirdly, set a goal for your academic performance. You will probably have to 7)___I_______ your work hours, or even, if possible and necessary, 8)____A________from the workforce to be successful in study. After all, it is not a good idea to risk 9) ___E_______ your student career with part-time jobs.
abandon indicate undermine compromise conventional
1. Studies _i_n_d_ic__a_te___ that children who often take part in cooperative programs benefit a lot more than other children.
2 These days we are so accustomed to instant communication that it is hard to imagine the excitement when cables were used for the ___tr_a_n_s_m__is_s_i_o_n__ of telegraph messages in the 19th century. 3 A country's future__p_ro__s_p_e_ri_ty___ depends, to a degree, upon the quality of education of its people.

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How to get to the Regents Park?
★⑥
⑤
④
★③ ⑨
⑧
⑦
★ ★ ①
②
Oxford Street Baker Street Baker Street Station Regents Park
① ____ ② ____ ③ ____ ____ ⑥
Ex. B. Listen to the dialogue and complete the following sentences How to get to Piccadilly Circus? Oxford Street 1. Go straight along _____________. 2. Pass Bond Street. ____ Bond Street 3. Walk along the ____________ for about 15 minutes. ___________ crossroads 4. You’ll come to a big____________. That’s Piccadilly Circus ________________.

The British Museum
Ex. Listen to the dialogue and tick the correct answer to complete each of the following sentences. How to get to the British Museum? 1. The British Museum is in Oxford Street _____ Bloomsbury Way ____ √ Russell Street ____ Theobalds Road ____ Cross Grays Inn Road ___

Notes:
1. hammer into: to force someone to understand by repeating 敲进(强化理解,灌输) They have had English grammar hammered into them. 他们强制自己反覆学习英语语法.

2. interval: a period between two events or times He comes back to see us at regular intervals. 他每隔一段时间就回来看看我们。 3. soothing: freeing from fear and anxiety; calm Her words had a soothing effect. 她的话起了安慰的作用。
1.
for a 2. would you 3. stay in 4. and it’s
5.
do you 6. we’ll do 7. all rigrt 2 Listening and Note-taking Ex. B. Fill in the following table with relevant information
Unit 8
Listening Course (1)
Section One
Part 1 Phonetics Ex. Complete the dialogue and pay attention to the link-ups, weak forms and contractions.

Exercise
100 2,160 175,000
1 25 13.5 140
15 72
695 5,000
/
Section 2
Part 1 Dialogues Dialogue 1 Have you Been to the Theatre Here? Ex. A Listen to the interview and answer the questions. 1. Where are they now? They are in London. 2. Where is the woman from? She is from the United States. 3. How long has she been here? She has been here for two and a half weeks.
A
No. of wheels How many people it carries To speed (in kph) Weight (in kilos) Price (in pounds)
4 1-2 6
B
4 4 160
C
2
D
6
E
10
F
2
1-2 224 236 1,700
72 110 9,000 65,000

Ex. B: Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. 1. F. Plan to stay there for 3 weeks. 2. F. She also has been to a concert. (W: Oh, yes. Theatre, opera, concerts, the lot.) 3. F. She has traveller’s cheques. (W: Tomorrow morning I’m going to cash some more traveller’s cheques.) 4. T (W: I’ll come back next year if I can. If I have enough money left that is!)
2. B 6. C 3. D 7. A 4. D 8. B
1. A 5. C

Notes: The British Museum
Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, UK Type: Private - Not-for-Profit On the web: Employees: 1,047 The British Museum has a long history of chronicling 编入编年史the past. Founded in 1753, the British Museum is one of the world's premier cultural history museums, housing more than 7 million objects in its collection of artifacts. More than 4.5 million visitors each year come to see such ancient relics as the Rosetta Stone, the Elgin Marbles (also known as the Parthenon Marbles), and the Black Obelisk, as well as collections of African art, Chinese porcelain, artifacts from the Roman occupation of England, and much more from around the world.

2. The best way to get there is on walk ___ by bus ___ by taxi √ ___ by tube ___

Section Two Listening Comprehension
Part 1 Passages Passage 1 Sleep and Language Learning Focus:

4. lullaby: a quiet song that lulls a child to sleep 5. lull: make calm or still; cause to feel sleepy

Ex. Listen and choose the best answer