why do we need safety engineering
英语丨湖北省新高考协作体2025届高三上学期11月期中考试英语试卷及答案
2024—2025学年上学期期中考试高三英语答案听力：1-5BCBCB6-10CBACB11-15CBABC16-20CABCB阅读理解：21-23DCB24-27BCAD28-31CDBA32-35CDCB七选五：36-40DECGB完形填空：41-45CDCAB46-50DCBAD51-55ABDCD语法填空：56.constructed57.What58.in59.were troubled60.to change61.has occurred62.productive63.a64.scientifically65.preventing写作：应用文：The possible versionDear fellow students,With the development of modern industry and the change of people’s lifestyles,our ecological environment is becoming increasingly worse.It’s high time we took action to protect our ecological environment,otherwise we may soon have nowhere to live.Firstly,turn off lights and other electrical appliances when they are not in use to conserve electricity.Secondly,when going out,we should choose to walk,to ride a bike or to take public transportation instead of driving a stly,reusing paper or bottles and resisting using plastic bags are also highly recommended.These simple actions can significantly contribute to a low-carbon lifestyle.Let us work together to create a green and harmonious environment.The Students’Union 读后续写：构思：第一段：①What was Mary thinking?②How would mom help Mary?③What would Mary do next?第二段：①How did Mary feel and adjust?②What was Mr.Brown and other students’reaction?③What was the result of the presentation?The possible versionHearing Mom’s words,Mary gazed at the precious red ribbon.She imagined the scene where Mom had tried her best to overcome her fears and picked up the courage to deliver a fantastic speech to the audience.Realizing Mary’s anxiety,Mom reassured her and reached out her hand to tie the red ribbon onto Mary’s wrist with a smile.Restored and determined,Mary gritted(咬紧牙关)her teeth to find her courage.She stood in front of a mirror and practiced.“You can do it,”she told herself when drowsiness（昏昏欲睡）fell upon her.The next day Mary again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation.She nervously lowered her head and averted her gaze,feeling numb for a few seconds.But courage found its way back the moment she caught sight of the red ribbon on her forted and inspired,she took a deep breath,summoned up her courage,and said“Dear fellow students.”Mary cast a glance at Mr.Brown who was standing in the corner and smiling at her.A self-reassuring smile spread across Mary’s face.She knew for sure that she had now found her courage.部分答案解析A篇主题语境：人与社会—社会服务本文是应用文。
建筑环境与能源应用工程专业英语
销售工作通用科 技风格模板
Unit Fifteen Commissioning of Variable Air Volume Systems
• Definition: What is Commissioning (Cx) ?
“A quality-focused process for enhancing the delivery of a project. The process focuses on verifying and documenting that the facility and all of its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained to meet the Owner’s Project Requirements.”
• Provide a facility that can be efficiently operated and maintained
• Provide complete orientation and training to facility staff and occupants
• Provide improved documentation of system characteristics
Planning
Design Construction Acceptance Occupancy
Prepare, Design Intent,
CX Plan, and
Specifications
Review Submittals,
Prepare Checklists
建筑安全专业英文翻译
模板工程安全管理Security Management for formwork engineering前言：企业安全生产事故的发生原因是多方面的，主要有违反操作规程或劳动纪律；教育培训不够，缺乏安全操作知识；生产设备不符合安全要求；安全防护设施缺少或存在缺陷等，但事故的根本原因在于人的不安全行为，因此企业安全生产的关键是改善人的行为方式，最大限度地减少人的不安全行为。
Preface:There are many reasons can cause the enterprise production safety accidents, mainly including violation of rules and labor disciplines,short of education training and the safe operation knowledge, production equipment does not suit the safety requirements, lack of the security facilities and flawed, however, the basic reason of the accident depends on the person’s unsafe behavior, so the key to the enterprise’s safety production is to improve people's behavior in order to reduce the unsafe behavior.目前企业安全文化的培养和建设，从员工的行为入手，提高他们的安全意识，确立企业的安全目标，倡导共同的安全价值观、思维方式和行为规范，由此营造员工心理认同和具有团体凝聚力的良好的安全生产环境和秩序，有效地调节和控制员工的行为，达到自律的最高境界。
安全工程专业英语
Advanced Monitoring and Surveillance Systems
Utilizes cutting-edge technologies such as AI, IoT, and remote sensing to provide real-time monitoring and early warning of potential safety hazards.
English • English communication and exchange in
safety engineering
01
Overview of Safety Engineering
Definition of Safety Engineering
Safety Engineering is a branch of engineering that focuses on the design and management of safe systems and processes within various industries. It involves the identification, assessment, and control of risks associated with the operation of machines, equipment, and processes.
安全专业英语
Quiz 1安全管理Safety management 事故致因accident causation不安全行为Unsafe behavior 不安全状态 unsafe state企业安全文化organization’s safety culture 安全的工作环境safety working environment事故致因模型accident causation models 风险 risk事故预防Accident prevention 安全口号safety slogan系统安全工程System safety engineering 安全度degree of safety1、The most important aim of safety management is to maintain and promote workers’ health and safety at work.最重要的目的是维护安全管理,促进工人的健康和安全工作。
2、Many research results also show that the traditional promotion methods like campaigns; poster and safety slogans have seldom increased the use of safe work practices.许多研究结果还表明,传统的促销手段如运动、海报和安全口号很少增加使用安全工作实践。
3、Loss prevention is a concept that is often used in the context of hazard control in process industry.损失预防是常用于过程工业危害控制的情况下的一个概念。
4、System safety concepts are based on the idea that an optimum degree of safety can be achieved within the constraints of system effectiveness.系统安全概念是基于这个理念,一个系统有效性的约束范围内,可以实现最佳的安全程度。
安全管理和安全技术的差别
What’s Difference between Safety Management and Safety EngineeringMany have asked for a delineation between safety management and safety engineering. To do justice to the question, we would have to devote much more time and space than given here. Obviously, there is a school of engineering and a school of business management. These disciplines do not conflict in the world of education. Why then should there be any confusion when they are used in the practical world of safety? Safety engineering, as the name implies, is the application of knowledge of mathematical and physical sciences, acquired by special education, training and experience, to the planning, design, and supervision of construction of public and private utilities, works, projects, structures, buildings, machines, electrical systems, etc. In other words, the safety of things. The safety engineer is concerned with the world of hardware.Safety management deals with the planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting process. Safety managers are more concerned with the art of conducting or controlling, administration, prudent dealing with peers, etc. The safety manger is concerned with elements of management and the science of getting things done through others.The business of accident prevention generally involves:(1) avoiding a risk by removing the questionable activity or condition;(2) retaining the activity or condition but programming to reduce its risk potential byimproved management; and(3) transferring the risk problem to another entity (insurance) which, for a price, willassume the consequences.All three approaches to risk control are equally important. One cannot exist comfortably without support of the other. The avoidance of risk by inspe ction, application of standards and regulations is the “engineering approach.” Utilization of functional management to rise up to its obligations for error-free performance is a “management approach.” People are “managed” not “engineered.” Thus, there is a wide field of operation for the safety professional who needs to know how to move others to put into motion what he knows must be done.Current studies of human resources management point up several new ways to support change in accident loss prevention. For example, behavioral science has proved the need for team work between the levels of the organizational hierarchy. All managers (not just those in the front office) have the potential for problem solving industrial headaches. Also, people who are involved in the improvement of their management, tend to support the issue IF THEY ARE GIVEN THE OPPORTUNITY TO BE INVOLVED. To bring this about, the modern management system must create an intra-management communication system that allows all managers to take part in the process of decision making. This is an UP-WARD communication as well as a DOWNW ARD information system.In this context, the safety engineer is concerned with the technicality of failure, laws that were not followed, regulations that were not applied, etc. He is an expert on WHA T must be done to change the physical aspects of the problem and HOW it should be accomplished. He works closely with the line supervisor and is always near the scene of operation.The safety manager, on the other hand, is located in the area of administration of his company and works mainly with his staff peers. He receives his data through a safety management information system and relates his analysis of what is happening to the functions of personnel, property, law, research, engineering, etc. He generally has a staff of people who report to him and act as his “eyes and ears” on technical mattersof safety. He handles his position as an advisor to the functions of management by taking an active part in the overall communication and decision-making aspects of his company. He knows what is going wrong and he works with top managers who have a vested concern in correcting loss problems in their area of operation. The safety manager speaks to management in terms of cost avoidance, error-free performance, product liability, and administrative change for improvement. He is a skilled management analyst. He understands and utilizes the art of behavioral science. Both the engineering and the management approaches to safety/loss prevention have their place in industry. Each, however, demands a different set of requirements of the professional. Both seek to avoid loss and remove risk. One approaches it from the technical side, the other from the humanitarian side. They compliment each other. Safety administrators should be experienced in both. BUT EACH HAS ITS ESSENTIAL DIFFERENCES.。
安全工程的英语作文
Safety engineering is a critical field that focuses on the prevention of accidents and the protection of people,property,and the environment from potential hazards.Here are some key points that can be included in an essay about safety engineering:1.Definition and Scope:Begin by defining safety engineering and explaining its scope, which includes designing systems to minimize risks,conducting risk assessments,and developing safety protocols.2.Historical Context:Discuss the evolution of safety engineering,from early industrial practices to modern regulatory frameworks and the role of safety engineering in various industries.3.Principles of Safety Engineering:Outline the fundamental principles that guide safety engineering practices,such as the hierarchy of controls,risk assessment methodologies, and the importance of a proactive rather than reactive approach to safety.4.Risk Assessment and Management:Elaborate on how safety engineers identify, evaluate,and control hazards.Discuss the process of risk assessment,including hazard identification,risk analysis,and risk evaluation.5.Safety Culture:Explain the concept of safety culture and its significance in creating a safe working environment.Discuss how safety culture is developed and maintained within organizations.6.Regulatory Frameworks:Describe the role of government regulations and industry standards in shaping safety engineering practices.Include examples of key legislation and standards,such as OSHA in the United States or the European Unions Machinery Directive.7.Technological Advancements:Highlight the impact of technology on safety engineering,including the use of automation,artificial intelligence,and data analytics to predict and prevent accidents.8.Case Studies:Provide realworld examples of successful safety engineering practices or discuss incidents where lack of safety engineering led to significant accidents.cation and Training:Discuss the importance of education and training in safety engineering.Explain the types of courses,certifications,and professional development opportunities available to safety engineers.10.Future Challenges and Opportunities:Conclude by identifying the challenges that safety engineers may face in the future,such as the integration of new technologies, globalization,and evolving regulatory landscapes.Also,discuss the opportunities for growth and innovation in the field.11.Conclusion:Summarize the importance of safety engineering in protecting life, property,and the environment.Emphasize the need for continuous improvement and adaptation to new challenges in the field.Remember to use clear,concise language and provide specific examples to support your arguments.Additionally,ensure that your essay is wellstructured,with a clear introduction,body,and conclusion.。
力克沃斯顿 переднии
I n s t a l l a t i o n & O p e r a t i o nR F R Z -F SES e r i a l N u m b e r :D a t e o f P u r c h a s e :I n s t a l l a t i o n a s s i s t a n c e a v a i l a b l e a t :w w w .r o c k f o r d f o s g a t e .c o m /r f t e c hR O C K F O R D F O S G A T E .C O M600 S o u t h R o c k f o r d D r i v e • T e m p e , A r i z o n a 85281 U n i t e d S t a t e s D i r e c t : (480) 967-3565 • T o l l F r e e : (800) 669-98992Dear Customer,Congratulations on your purchase of the world’s finest brand of audio products. At Rockford Fosgate we are fanatics about musical reproduc-tion at its best, and we are pleased you chose our product. Through years of engineering expertise, hand craftsmanship and critical testing procedures, we have created a wide range of products that reproduce music with all the clarity and richness you deserve.For maximum performance we recommend you have your new Rockford Fosgate product installed by an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer, as we provide specialized training through Rockford Technical Training Institute (RTTI). Please read your warranty and retain your receipt and original carton for possible future use.Great product and competent installations are only a piece of the puzzle when it comes to your system. Make sure that your installer is using 100% authentic installation accessories from Rockford Fosgate in your installation. Rockford Fosgate has everything from RCA cables andspeaker wire to power wire and battery connectors. Insist on it! After all, your new system deserves nothing but the best.To add the finishing touch to your new Rockford Fosgate image order your Rockford accessories, which include everything from T-shirts to hats.Visit our web site for the latest information on all Rockford products ;or, in the U.S. call 1-800-669-9899 or FAX 1-800-398-3985. For all other countries, call +001-480-967-3565 or FAX +001-480-966-3983.Table of ContentIf, after reading your manual, you still have questions regarding this prod-uct, we recommend that you see your Rockford Fosgate dealer. If you need further assistance, you can call us direct at 1-800-669-9899. Be sure to have your serial number, model number and date of purchase available when you call.Safetyto alert the user to the presence of important instructions. Failure to heed the instructions will result in severe injury or death.This symbol with “CAUTION” is intended to alert the user to the presence of important instructions. Failure to heed the instructions can result in injury or unit damage.• To prevent injury and damage to the unit, please read and follow the instructions in this manual. We want you to enjoy this system, not get a headache.• If you feel unsure about installing this system yourself, have it installed by a qualified Rockford Fosgate technician.• Before installation, disconnect the battery negative (-) terminal to prevent damage to the unit, fire and/or possible injury.Introduction©2015 Rockford Corporation. All Rights Reserved. ROCK FORD FOSGATE and associated logos where applicable are registered trademarks of Rockford Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Specifications subject to change without notice.Continuous exposure to sound pressure levels over 100dB may cause permanent hearing loss. High powered auto sound systems may produce sound pressure levels well over 130dB. Use common senseand practice safe sound.2Introduction 3Enclosure Assembly 4-6Installation 7Blank 8Warranty3Enclosure AssemblyFig. 1DRIVER SIDE (LEFT)PASSENGER SIDE (RIGHT)TYPICAL ASSEMBLY(Passenger Side Shown)Threaded Mounting Stud4ContentsInstallation ToolsThe following is a list of suggested tools needed for installation:Installation ConsiderationsThis section focuses on some considerations for installing your Polaris ® RZR ® Front Speaker Pod Enclosures. This manual will illustrate the installation process with a 2016 Polaris RZR XP4 Turbo.If you feel unsure about installing this system yourself, have it installed by a qualified technician.Before installation, disconnect the battery neg-ative (-) terminal to prevent damage to the unit, fire and/or possible injury.Before beginning any installation, follow these simple rules:• Be sure to carefully read and understand the instructions before attempting to install this enclosure kit.• Consult your UTV’s service manual for model specific information. Models may differ from year to year depending on factory options and aftermarket accessories added.• This dash kit is specifically designed to work with Rockford Fosgate’s Element Ready 6.5” speakers.• With the addition of an amplifier or source unit, be sure that your current charging system is in proper working order.• Visit for more comprehensive installation videos and product information.• Ratchet • 15mm Socket • 13mm Socket• 5/32” Allen Wrench• (1) Passenger Side Front Speaker Enclosure • (1) Driver Side Front Speaker Enclosure • (2) Foam Tape• (2) Threaded Studs • (4) Mounting Screws w/ Washers• (2) Mounting Bolts w/ Washers • Installation GuideInstallationApplicable Models:2014 and up RZR ® XP/XP4 10002016 and up RZR ® XP/XP4 Turbo 2015 and up RZR ®S/ XC / 4 9005InstallationThe speaker pods are designed to work with Rockford Fosgate’s RFRZ-PMXWH1 and RFRZ-K4D wire kits. After the front speaker wire is run threw both down tubes, you are ready to start the process of mounting the enclosure.NOTE: There are factory plastic bosses located on the fire wall that the new pods will be mounted to.NOTE: If you have purchased our front subwoofer enclosure (RFRZ-FWE, you must install it prior to installing this kit RFRZ-FSE).Step 1 - Bolt RemovalThere are two bolts on the kick panel that attach the plastic floor panels to the chassis of the vehicle. The bottom bolt will need to be removed.NOTE: This install shows the enclosure mounting to the passenger side of the vehicle for better visibility. The install process is the same for both sides of the vehicle.Step 2 - Attach Threaded StudOnce the bolt is removed, install the threaded stud back into the hole where the bolt was removed. This provides a new mounting point for the speaker enclosure.Step 3 - Insert Speaker WireFeed the installed speaker wire through the hole on the pod beforemounting.6Step 4 - Mount the Speaker EnclosurePosition the enclosure over the threaded stud and plastic bosses.Be sure to line up the holes before inserting mounting screws andtightening.NOTE: There are (2) mounting screws with washers, (1) mountingbolt that hold each speaker enclosure in place. Leaving the screwsand bolts loose until all hardware in place makes final fitmenteasier. Once all hardware is in place, tighten to 8 ft. lbs. of torqueto secure the pod.Overtightening will cause damage to theplastic bosses and threads in stud.Step 5 - Foam Tape PlacementFoam tape is provided to cover the speaker wire access hole afterthe wire in installed. This is to prevents moisture from gettinginside the pod and air from escaping.InstallationStep 6 - Mount Speaker Into EnclosureConnect the front speaker wires to the speaker by sliding theconnectors over the speaker terminals. Be sure to maintain properpolarity when wiring up the speaker.NOTE: The driver side speaker enclosure mounts the same way asthe passenger side. It is recommended doing one side at a time.7WarrantyRockford Corporation offers a limited warranty on Rockford Fosgate products on the following terms:Length of WarrantyPOWER Amplifiers – 2 YearsBMW® Direct Fit Speakers – 2 YearsAll other products - 1 YearAny Factory Refurbished Product – 90 days (receipt required)What is CoveredThis warranty applies only to Rockford Fosgate products sold to consumers by Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealers in the United States of America or its possessions. Product purchased by consumers from an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer in another country are covered only by that country’s Distribu-tor and not by Rockford Corporation.Who is CoveredThis warranty covers only the original purchaser of Rockford product purchased from an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer in the United States. In order to receive service, the purchaser must provide Rockford with a copy of the receipt stating the customer name, dealer name, product purchased and date of purchase.Products found to be defective during the warranty period will be repaired or replaced (with a product deemed to be equivalent) at Rockford’s discretion.What is Not Covered1. Damage caused by accident, abuse, improper operations,water, theft, shipping.2. Any cost or expense related to the removal or reinstallation of product.3. Service performed by anyone other than Rockford or an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Service Center.4. Any product which has had the serial number defaced, altered, or removed.5. Subsequent damage to other components.6. Any product purchased outside the U.S.7. Any product not purchased from an Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer.Limit on Implied WarrantiesAny implied warranties including warranties of fitness for use and merchantability are limited in duration to the period of the express warranty set forth above. Some states do not allow limitations on the length of an implied warranty, so this limitation may not apply. No person is authorized to assume for Rockford Fosgate any other liability in connection with the sale of the product.How to Obtain ServiceContact the Authorized Rockford Fosgate Dealer you purchased this product from. If you need further assistance, call 1-800-669-9899 for Rockford Cus-tomer Service. You must obtain an RA# (Return Authorization number) to return any product to Rockford Fosgate. You are responsible for shipment of product to Rockford.EU WarrantyThis product meets the current EU warranty requirements, see your Authorized dealer for details.8。
1why_do_we_need_safety_engineering
幻灯片11 Why Do We Need Safety Engineering ——我们为什么需要安全工程幻灯片2词汇●safety engineering 安全工程（学）●disaster n.灾难，天灾，灾祸●nuclear plant 核电站●radioactive cloud 放射云●injury n.伤害●commuter train 市郊火车●oil tanker 油轮●despoil vt.夺取，掠夺●manufacturing n.制造业；adj.制造业的●everglade n.湿地, 沼泽地●evident adj.明显的, 显然的●available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的●entail vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承担,幻灯片3Translation●It is difficult to open a newspaper or turn on the television and not to be reminded howdangerous our world is .Both large-scale natural and man-made disasters seem to occur on an almost daily basis.●从电视或报纸传达出的信息，很难不让我们想到（无不在告诉）我们这个世界是多么危险。
大规模的自然灾害和人为灾害几乎每天都在发生。
幻灯片4Translation－paragraph 1●An accident at a plant in Bhopal, India, killed over 2,500 people.●印度博帕尔市的一家工厂发生的事故造成了2500多人死亡。
印度博帕尔毒气惨案：1984年12月3日美国联合碳化物公司在印度中央首府博帕尔市的一家农药厂，由于剧毒化学物质异氰酸甲酯的大量泄漏造成2500人死亡，近20万人中毒，67万人处在毒气的威胁下，成为世界工业史上罕见的重大伤亡事故。
加强 工程建设 全流程 管理
加强工程建设全流程管理1.我们需要加强工程建设全流程管理，确保每一个环节都得到严格执行。
We need to strengthen the full process management of engineering construction to ensure that every aspect is rigorously executed.2.工程建设全流程管理是保障工程质量和安全的重要手段。
Full process management of engineering construction is an important means to ensure engineering quality and safety.3.我们要加强对工程建设全流程管理的重视，不能有丝毫松懈。
We need to strengthen the importance of full process management of engineering construction, with no room for complacency.4.在工程建设的全流程管理中，需严格把关材料的选取和使用。
In the full process management of engineering construction, it is necessary to strictly control theselection and use of materials.5.工程建设全流程管理需要精细化、规范化、科学化。
Full process management of engineering construction requires refinement, standardization, and science.6.我们将加强对工程建设全流程管理的监督，依法严惩违规行为。
We will strengthen supervision of the full process management of engineering construction and punish violationsin accordance with the law.7.工程建设全流程管理需要各方通力合作，共同维护工程质量。
电池的单词
电池的单词1. 单词：battery- 单词释义：n. 电池；一系列；排炮；[法]殴打。
- 单词用法：作名词，可指各种类型的电池，如“a car battery（汽车电池）”；也可表示一组、一系列，如“a battery of tests（一系列测试）”。
- 近义词：cell（主要指单个的电池单元）。
- 短语搭配：rechargeable battery（可充电电池）；battery life （电池寿命）；dead battery（没电的电池）。
- 双语例句- I was so frustrated when my phone's battery died right in the middle of an important call. It was like the battery had a mind of its own and just decided to quit on me!- My laptop battery doesn't last long. It's like a marathon runner who gets tired after just a short distance.- She always carries a spare battery for her camera. "You never know when you might need it," she says.- The flashlight needs new batteries. Without them, it's as useless as a car without wheels.- This new battery - powered toy is amazing! It's like a little bundle of energy that just keeps going.- His remote - control car stopped working. "Must be the battery," he muttered, feeling a bit disappointed.- I bought a set of rechargeable batteries. They're like the gift that keeps on giving, saving me money in the long run.- The battery in my watch is very small but crucial. It's like the heart of the watch, keeping it ticking.- "Don't leave the radio on for too long or you'll drain the battery," my dad warned me.- We found a bunch of old batteries in the drawer. They were like forgotten relics from the past.- That device uses a lot of battery power. It's like a hungry monster gobbling up energy.- She was excited to get a new battery for her e - reader. "Now I can read for hours without interruption," she exclaimed.- My wireless mouse isn't working. I bet it's because of a weak battery. It's like a sleepy animal that needs a boost.- They installed a huge battery system to store energy. It's like a big energy reservoir waiting to be tapped.- The batterypartment of the toy was hard to open. "Why do they make it so difficult?" I grumbled.- I'm always worried about my phone battery running out, especially when I'm out and about. It's like a constant nagging fear.- The solar - powered lamp has a battery to store the energy. It's like a little energy bank for the lamp.- His battery - operated drill is very handy. "This thing is a real workhorse," he said with pride.- The battery indicator on my tablet showed it was low. "Oh no, I need to find a charger soon," I thought anxiously.- I tested the battery with a multimeter. It was like trying to figure out the secrets of the little power source.2. 单词：cell- 单词释义：n. 细胞；电池单元；小牢房；蜂房的巢室；单人小室。
为什么当工程师英语作文
为什么当工程师英语作文As an engineer, there are several reasons why English writing is important in my field. Firstly, English is the international language of science and technology. In order to collaborate with engineers from different countries, it is essential to have a common language. English allows us to communicate our ideas, share knowledge, and work together towards solving complex problems.Secondly, English is the language of technical documentation and research papers. As engineers, we need to be able to read and understand technical literature, which is mostly written in English. This allows us to stay updated with the latest advancements in our field and learn from the work of others. Additionally, being able to write technical reports and research papers in English is crucial for sharing our own findings and contributing to the global engineering community.Furthermore, English proficiency is often a requirementfor career advancement in engineering. Many multinational companies and research institutions require engineers to have strong English skills in order to work oninternational projects or collaborate with colleagues from different countries. Being able to communicate effectively in English can open up opportunities for networking, career growth, and professional development.Moreover, English language skills are important for engineers who wish to study abroad or pursue higher education in an English-speaking country. Many prestigious universities offer engineering programs taught in English, and having a good command of the language is necessary to succeed in these programs. Additionally, studying abroad allows engineers to gain exposure to different cultures and perspectives, which can enhance their problem-solving abilities and broaden their horizons.In conclusion, English writing is crucial for engineers due to its role as the international language of science and technology, its importance in technical documentation and research papers, its relevance for career advancement,and its necessity for studying abroad. Developing strong English language skills can greatly benefit engineers in their professional and personal growth.。
匀减速英语
匀减速英语一、“匀减速”的英语：uniform deceleration二、英语释义- “uniform”表示“一致的；均匀的”，在这里描述减速这个动作在整个过程中的速率变化是均匀的，而不是忽快忽慢。
- “deceleration”是名词，意思是“减速；减速度”，是“acceleration（加速）”的反义词。
三、相关短语1. uniform deceleration motion 匀减速运动2. with uniform deceleration 以匀减速（状态）3. process of uniform deceleration 匀减速过程四、用法1. 作为名词短语使用，在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等。
- 作主语：Uniform deceleration requires a certain force.（匀减速需要一定的力。
）- 作宾语：The car is experiencing uniform deceleration.（汽车正在经历匀减速。
）- 作表语：The motion of the object is uniform deceleration.（物体的运动是匀减速运动。
）2. 可以和一些介词短语搭配，如“under uniform deceleration”（在匀减速情况下）。
五、双语例句1. The car moves with uniform deceleration until it stops.（汽车以匀减速运动直到停止。
）2. Uniform deceleration can be easily calculated using kinematic equations.（利用运动学方程可以很容易地计算匀减速。
）3. In this experiment, we study the object's uniform deceleration.（在这个实验中，我们研究物体的匀减速。
做家务让我懂得了更多的知识英语作文
做家务让我懂得了更多的知识英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Doing Chores Taught Me More KnowledgeHi, my name is Timmy and I'm 10 years old. I used to think doing chores was just a big pain and a waste of time. Boy was I wrong! Little did I know that helping out around the house would end up teaching me so many interesting and useful things. Let me share some of the valuable knowledge I've gained from doing different chores.One chore I really didn't like at first was washing the dishes. I thought it was so boring and my hands would get all pruney. But you know what? Washing dishes taught me a lot about chemistry and biology! I learned that soap works by helping grease and grime come off because one end of the soap molecule loves water and the other end loves grease and dirt. The water alone can't wash stuff off very well, but adding soap lets the water do its job way better.Another cool thing I discovered is that hot water works faster than cold water for cleaning dishes because the heat makes themolecules in the water and soap move around faster and more energetically. Watching how quickly a greasy plate can become sparkling clean when using very hot water and soap is like watching a tiny science experiment right in the kitchen sink!I also learned about germs and why we need to sanitize dishes. There are bacteria everywhere that can grow and multiply really fast, especially on damp surfaces with bits of food left over. Some bacteria are harmless but others can make you sick if you ingest them. Using very hot water helps kill bacteria, but dish soap alone won't sanitize things completely. That's why we have to use a diluted bleach solution periodically to totally disinfect and sterilize the dishes.Raking leaves out in the yard taught me awesome things about plants and trees too. I never knew that those beautiful fall colors happen because of chemistry. As days get shorter, trees start shutting down production of chlorophyll which makes leaves green. Then other chemical pigments that were already in the leaves, like carotenoids that make oranges and yellows and anthocyanins that make reds and purples, finally get unmasked.It's wild that something as simple as changing day length can cause such an explosion of vibrant colors in nature. And get this - those colors actually serve a purpose by helping trees getimportant nutrients back into their branches and trunks from the leaves before they drop off for winter. Trees are so cool and strategic!Bringing in the groceries has shown me all about nutrition and where food comes from too. At first, I just thought all our food magically appeared in plastic bags and boxes at the store. But reading ingredient labels showed me that things like flour and sugar get made from plants like wheat and sugarcane. And stuff like butter and cheese originally comes from milk that gets processed from cows and other animals.I was blown away to realize that pretty much all our food can be traced back to crops grown by farmers or livestock raised on farms and ranches. It makes me appreciate how hard people have to work to put food on our plates. Now when I eat, I try to remember to be thankful for farmers, factory workers, truck drivers and grocery store employees who all play a role in getting food to my family.Doing laundry used to be one of my most dreaded chores because it's so boring and repetitive. But you'll never guess what fascinating concepts I picked up about chemistry, physics and technology from washing clothes! First, I learned that detergents have incredible cleaning power because of their molecularstructure with water-loving and grease-loving components similar to soap. Mind blowing stuff!Then there's the physics of that agitating motion that happens when the washing machine runs through its cycles. All that tumbling around creates tons of friction and collisions between the clothes, detergent and water molecules to work stains and dirt out of the fabrics. It makes me appreciate just how smart washing machine inventors had to be to design something so ingeniously simple yet effective.I'm endlessly amazed by all the clever electronic sensors and programming that go into making a modern washing machine function too. It has smart sensors to optimize water temperature and levels, know when to switch cycles, and even play funny little melodies to tell you when it's done! Who knew doing laundry involved so much brilliant technology under the surface?Those are just a few examples of how doing basic chores has exposed me to all sorts of insights into chemistry, biology, physics, nutrition, agriculture, engineering and more. It seems like every task requires applying core principles of science and innovation that are pretty mind-blowing when you stop to think about them.What I've learned is that pretty much everything we use in our daily lives is the result of human ingenuity, problem-solving, and understanding of the natural world and its laws. All those brilliant inventions and discoveries arose because people were curious to understand how things work at a deeper level.So doing chores has taught me to appreciate all the ways knowledge gets applied to create convenient modern technologies and systems that make life easier. It's inspiring to realize that just about every job and every field ultimately depends on STEM - science, technology, engineering and math.Developing a strong general knowledge by studying those subjects in school will open up so many opportunities to come up with creative solutions to problems, or design new inventions that could improve lives. Who knows, maybe I'll even become a famous scientist, engineer or inventor myself one day!Rather than being a boring drag, doing chores has turned out to be an eye-opening educational experience for me. It's helping me realize how important - and fascinating - it is to learn about science, chemistry, biology and all the other STEM fields. Hands-on chores make abstract concepts I learn about in school way more concrete and meaningful.Chores have also taught me practical life skills for being an independent and responsible adult someday. Most importantly though, they've stimulated my curiosity to keep exploring how things work and to appreciate the amazing knowledge that makes our modern world possible. If you ask me, that makes chores one of the most illuminating extracurricular activities a kid could have!篇2Doing Chores Taught Me So Much!Hey there! My name is Charlie and I'm 10 years old. I go to Oakwood Elementary School and I'm in 5th grade. Today I want to tell you all about how doing chores around the house has actually taught me a ton of really cool stuff!At first, I'll be honest, I didn't like having to do chores at all. My parents started giving me little jobs to do when I was around 6 or 7 years old. Things like making my bed, cleaning my room, feeding our dog Rufus, and helping set the table for dinner. I thought it was so unfair and I would whine and complain about it constantly. "Why do I have to do these stupid chores? This is sooo boring!" I would moan to my parents.But overtime, as I started doing more and more chores, I realized I was actually learning a lot of neat things! It was like my parents had secretly turned our house into a classroom and the chores were the lessons. Let me give you some examples of what I mean:One chore I have is taking out the recycling bins to the curb every Thursday night. At first it was just annoying having to remember to do it and lug those heavy bins out to the street. But then my dad showed me how we sort everything into different bins - plastics in one, paper in another, aluminum cans/glass in another. He explained why it's important to recycle and reduce waste instead of just throwing everything into the trash.I learned about the different recycling symbols on packaging and what they mean. Did you know stuff with a 1 or 2 symbol is more easily recycled than stuff with a 3-7? I didn't! He told me how recycling plastic, paper, metal and glass conserves natural resources and uses way less energy than making new products from raw materials. It's way better for the environment. Now whenever I recycle I feel like I'm doing my part to help protect the planet!Another chore is helping load and unload the dishwasher. This one used to drive me crazy because my mom is so pickyabout how she wants it loaded. "The plates have to go on the bottom rack!" "The cups go on the top rack!" "Stop nesting the bowls inside each other!" She would get so annoyed with me. But you know what? I've gotten way better at loading it properly and do you know why? Because I learned about fractions, geometry, and spatial reasoning!Think about it - to load that dishwasher efficiently you need to understand how the dishes should be spaced out and fit together in those racks. What shape allows you to maximize the space? How can you nest certain items inside one another in a smart way? It's like a big fraction word problem! 1/3 of the space taken by plates, 1/4 by cups, 1/6 by bowls...you get the idea. My mom didn't realize it but practicing that chore was giving my brain a workout in math! Now I'm awesome at loading it properly.One of my favorite chores is cooking with my dad on Sundays. We take turns picking a recipe and making it together. I've learned so much from this! First of all, fractions again - measuring out ingredients, adjusting recipes based on serving sizes, cutting things in half or thirds. But I've also learned about nutrition, where foods come from, reading nutrition labels, food safety, and way more.For example, last week we made chicken stir fry. Dad taught me how to safely handle raw chicken to avoid getting sick from salmonella. We talked about how chickens are raised on farms and the difference between free-range and caged chickens. We learned about the different vitamins and nutrients in all the veggies we used like broccoli, carrots, and peppers. And get this - I even learned a little chemistry from this dish! Remember how the baking soda in the stir fry sauce made it bubble and fizz? That's because of a chemical reaction between the baking soda and the vinegar! Who knew cooking could teach you so much?I could go on and on with examples of how doing chores around the house has turned out to be educational for me. Laundry taught me about sorting, fabrics, and stain removal. Cleaning taught me about chemicals, dilution, safety practices. Gardening taught me about plant biology, soil, seasons, and the environment.You get the idea! Every simple little chore contains so many learning opportunities if you start thinking about them. And you know what the best part is? I'm not just memorizing facts and formulas from a textbook. I'm actively doing things and learning through experience, which makes it way more interesting and memorable. The knowledge really sticks in my brain.So to all you kids out there who hate doing chores, I want to say...keep an open mind! Look for the learning opportunities hidden in those tasks. I bet you'll be surprised by how much you can learn about math, science, language, and so much more, just from completing your everyday chores. What seemed like a bore can actually be pretty amazing!Maybe chores aren't so bad after all. Sure, they're still a little annoying sometimes. But now when I'm doing them, I can't help but think "Wow, who knew THIS would teach me about THAT?!" It's kinda fun looking at them as a chance to learn. So next time your parents ask you to do a chore, go ahead and do it...and who knows what cool things you might learn!篇3Doing Chores Taught Me So Much More!Hi there! My name is Alex, and I'm a 10-year-old student in the 5th grade. Today, I want to share with you how doing chores at home has actually taught me a lot of really cool and useful things! I know, I know, chores can be kind of boring and tiring sometimes. But if you look at them the right way, they can be super interesting and educational too!Let me start with one of my favorite chores – helping my mom cook dinner. I used to think cooking was just about following a recipe and mixing some ingredients together. But there's so much more to it! For example, when we're making something like spaghetti bolognese, my mom teaches me about the different herbs and spices we use, like basil, oregano, and garlic. She tells me where they come from, what they're used for, and how they can make food taste better.She also explains the science behind cooking – how heat changes the texture and flavor of foods, or how certain ingredients react with each other when you mix them. Like, did you know that when you add baking soda to cake batter, it creates little bubbles of carbon dioxide that make the cake rise and become fluffy? So cool!Another thing I've learned from cooking is about nutrition and healthy eating. My mom always makes sure we have a balanced meal with proteins, vegetables, and whole grains. She teaches me which foods are good for growing strong and keeping my brain sharp for school. I even helped her plant an herb garden in our backyard, so we can use fresh ingredients straight from our own little garden!Speaking of gardens, helping my dad with yard work has taught me a ton about plants and the environment too. I've learned how to take care of our lawn by mowing, raking leaves, and aerating the soil so it can breathe. Dad showed me how to compost our fruit and veggie scraps, which turns them into nutrient-rich fertilizer for our garden beds.We also have a bunch of flower beds around our house, and Dad taught me about all the different types of flowers we have, like roses, daffodils, and petunias. He explained how flowers reproduce by attracting bees and other pollinators with their bright colors and sweet scents. It's amazing how nature works!Another chore I help out with is cleaning around the house. Yeah, I know, vacuuming and dusting isn't exactly thrilling. But it's taught me some practical skills that will be really useful when I'm older and have my own place. Like, did you know there's a right way and a wrong way to load the dishwasher? Putting everything in the right spots helps the dishes get cleaner and prevents things from breaking.I've also learned about different cleaning products and what they're used for. For example, you can't use the same cleaner on windows that you use on floors or countertops. And someproducts are better for removing tough stains or grease than others. It's like a whole science of cleaning!One of my least favorite chores is taking out the trash and recycling. But even that has taught me about being more environmentally friendly. My parents showed me how to properly sort our recyclables like plastic, glass, and paper, so they can be turned into new products instead of just ending up in a landfill.We also compost our food scraps and yard waste, which reduces the amount of trash we send to the landfill and creates nutrient-rich soil for our garden. It's amazing how much waste we can divert from landfills just by being a little more mindful!Doing laundry is another chore that seems pretty boring, but it's actually taught me some handy skills. Like how to properly sort clothes by colors, so they don't bleed onto each other in the wash. Or how to treat different stains, like grass stains or food stains, before putting clothes in the washer.I've also learned about different fabric types and how to care for them properly. You can't just throw everything in the dryer on high heat – delicates and sweaters need to be air-dried, while towels and sheets can handle higher heat. It's all about taking good care of your clothes so they last longer!One of the coolest things I've learned from doing chores is basic handyman skills. Whenever something needs fixing around the house, like a leaky faucet or a loose door hinge, my dad shows me how to do simple repairs and maintenance. I've learned how to use basic tools like hammers, screwdrivers, and wrenches safely and properly.It might seem small, but being able to do little fix-it jobs on my own is a really useful skill to have. Who knows, maybe I'll grow up to be a handyman or a contractor one day!Aside from all the practical knowledge I've gained, doing chores has also taught me some important life lessons. Like the value of hard work and taking pride in a job well done. When I put in the effort to do my chores properly, and see the results of a clean, tidy home, it gives me a real sense of accomplishment.It's also taught me responsibility and teamwork. My parents expect me to pull my weight and do my part in taking care of our home and family. And when we all work together, it makes the workload lighter and brings us closer as a family.So, you see, what seems like just boring old chores has actually been a huge learning experience for me! From cooking and gardening, to cleaning and home repairs, I've gained so much practical knowledge that will serve me well in the future.Plus, it's helped me develop important life skills like hard work, responsibility, and teamwork.Who knew doing chores could be so educational? Next time your parents ask you to help out around the house, remember –you're not just doing a chore, you're learning valuable lessons too. So embrace it, have fun with it, and see what cool new things you can discover!篇4Doing Chores Taught Me So Much!Hi there! My name is Tommy and I'm 10 years old. I just finished 4th grade and I can't wait for summer vacation to start. School is fun and all, but there's nothing better than staying up late, sleeping in, playing video games, and not having any homework!Speaking of homework though, one thing I've learned is that even when I'm not in school, there's still plenty of opportunities to learn new things. You might be surprised to hear that some of my biggest lessons have come from...doing chores around the house! I know, I know, chores sound super boring. But stick with me here.It all started a few years ago when my mom decided my sister Lily and I were old enough to start helping out more. At first, we definitely didn't like it. Chores just felt like extra work on top of our schoolwork. But looking back now, I'm really glad my parents made us pitch in. Doing chores has lowedme to pick up all kinds of useful knowledge!Let me give you some examples of what I mean. One of my regular chores is taking out the trash and recycling bins. Doesn't sound too educational, right? Wrong! Separating out the recyclables from the regular trash taught me a huge amount about which materials can be recycled and which can't. Now I know plastics, glass, metals, and papers can be recycled...but you can't recycle things like foam containers or plastic wrap.I also learned about the entire recycling process - how the recycled materials get turned back into new products instead of ending up in a landfill. It's sdoaciencecalled material recovery and recycling. Just from taking out bins every week, I grasped some really fascinating science concepts about sustainability and protecting the environment. Who knew chores could be so educational?Another chore I'm in charge of is caring for our family's vegetable garden. This one has definitely expanded myknowledge in multiple areas. First, I had to learn all about which veggie seeds to plant and whenmased on our climate and growing seasons. That tapped into skills like research, planning, and orgplusnation.Then once the seedlings sprouted, I studied up on horticulture - you know, how to properly water, weed, prune, and fertilize the garden beds so the plants could thrive. I evengained hands-on experience identifying different insect species and learned which ones were "good bugs" that help gardens grow versus the "bad bugs" that can damage crops. Crazy, right?Let me tell you, there's nothing more satisfying than biting into a juicy tomato or crunchy cucumber that YOU grew all by yourself from a tiny seedling. Getting to eat my own homegrown produce makes me appreciate where food actually comes from - not just from the grocery store. Gardening has given me a way deeper connection to nature and the food cycle.But that's not all the knowledge I've soaked up from chores. One of my regular Saturday morning jobs is to clean my bedroom from top to bottom. Yuck, I know...but stick with me. Getting my room spic and span each week has taught me tons about organization systems, time management, and prioritizing tasks.For instance, I've learned that it's smprotertive to make my bed and pick up clutter right away versus leaving that for later (that's called "task paralysis" I think?). Then I move on to dusting all surfaces before vacuuming the floors last so I don't re-scatter dust bunnies everywhere. Having a consistent routine really does make cleaning go faster.I've also figured out some handy cleaning tricks over the years. Like using a damp sock to dust篇5Doing Chores Teaches Me So Much!I used to think chores were just boring tasks my parents made me do to keep the house clean. Boy, was I wrong! Doing chores has actually taught me a ton of really cool things. Let me tell you all about it.One of the first chores I had to do was setting the table for meals. At first, I thought it was just putting plates and cups on the table, no big deal. But then my mom started teaching me how to set it properly, with the knives and forks in the right spots, the napkins nicely folded, and the glasses lined up perfectly. It was like a fun little puzzle!I learned篇6Here's an essay of around 2000 words, written in the voice of an elementary school student, about how doing chores taught me more knowledge:Doing Chores Helped Me Learn So Much!Hi there! My name is Tommy, and I'm 10 years old. I love playing video games, hanging out with my friends, and watching funny videos online. But you know what else I really enjoy? Doing chores around the house! I know, I know, it might sound super weird for a kid to actually like doing chores, but hear me out.Ever since I was a little kid, my parents have been giving me small jobs to do at home. At first, it was just simple stuff like making my bed every morning and putting my toys away after playing. But as I got older, they started letting me help out with bigger tasks too.Now, my regular chores include loading and unloading the dishwasher, folding and putting away clean laundry, vacuuming the carpets, and even helping my dad with yard work like raking leaves or pulling weeds. I'll be honest, sometimes I get a littlegrumpy about having to do these boring jobs instead of just relaxing. But my parents always remind me that doing chores teaches me important life skills and responsibility.And you know what? They're totally right! By doing all these different chores, I've learned way more than I ever expected. Let me share some of the cool things I've picked up along the way:First up, I've become a pro at loading the dishwasher! It might seem easy, but there's actually a real strategy to getting all those dishes neatly arranged. You have to angle the plates just right, alternate the utensils, and make sure nothing is blocking the water jets. Who knew dishwasher loading was practically an art form?Thanks to folding laundry, I've gotten really good at matching colors and sorting lights from darks. I can identify different fabric types like cotton, polyester, and wool. I even learned some cool folding hacks to make fitted sheets way less frustrating. Neat, right?Vacuuming has taught me all about different floor surfaces and how to properly clean them. Did you know you're not supposed to vacuum the same way on hardwood as you do on carpet? There are special tricks for getting into tight corners and along baseboards too. Vacuuming is seriously a skill!My favorite chore, though, has to be helping my dad in the yard. We've learned so much about gardening, lawn care, and all the different plants and critters that live right outside our home. I can identify poison ivy now (and thankfully avoid it!). I know how to aerate soil, prune bushes, and even set up simple irrigation systems. Working outdoors is the best!But probably the biggest things I've learned from doing chores are responsibility and teamwork. My parents give me expectations and deadlines for my jobs, and it's up to me to get them done without being reminded a million times. That's taught me self-discipline and time management for sure.Plus, when we all pitch in around the house, it's way easier to keep things clean and organized. My chores connect to other family members' jobs, so if I slack off, it makes more work for them. We're all part of a team working together for our home. How's that for an important life lesson?I'll be real - doing chores definitely isn't my number one preference for how to spend my free time. Games and fun will always be more exciting. But I'm actually really grateful my parents have made me help out since I was little. Because of chores, I've become more responsible, learned practical life skills,and get quality bonding time with my family. Who could have guessed that boring old housework could teach a kid so much?So next time your parents ask you to make your bed, unload the dishwasher, or help out in the yard, don't just groan and complain. Pay attention and try to learn something new! You might be surprised by how many awesome lessons are hidden in those chores. Now if you'll excuse me, I have to go walk the dog - another essential chore that gets me outside for some fresh air and exercise. Maybe I'll even find some cool bugs to look at along the way!。
安全工程英文文献
安全工程英文文献Safety Engineering Literature ReviewAbstract:Safety engineering is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on preventing accidents, minimizing risks, and ensuring the safety of people, equipment, and the environment. This literature review aims to explore the key concepts, methodologies, and advancements in safety engineering, with a focus on the English literature. The review will cover topics such as safety management systems, risk assessment, hazard identification, safety culture, and emerging technologies in safety engineering.1. Introduction:Safety engineering plays a crucial role in various industries, including construction, transportation, manufacturing, and healthcare. It involves the application of scientific and engineering principles to design, implement, and maintain systems that ensure safety. The goal is to identify potential hazards, assess risks, and develop effective control measures to prevent accidents and mitigate their consequences.2. Safety Management Systems:Safety management systems (SMS) are structured frameworks that help organizations manage safety effectively. They provide a systematic approach to identify hazards, assess risks, and implement control measures. The review will discuss various SMS models, such as the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, and the role of leadership, training, and employee involvement in developing a robust safety culture.3. Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification:Risk assessment is a critical component of safety engineering. It involves identifying potential hazards, assessing their likelihood and consequences, and prioritizing control measures. The review will explore different risk assessment methodologies, such as the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and the Bowtie analysis, and theirapplications in different industries. It will also discuss the importance of hazard identification techniques, including hazard and operability studies (HAZOP) and job safety analysis (JSA).4. Safety Culture:Safety culture refers to the attitudes, beliefs, and values within an organization that influence safety-related behaviors. A positive safety culture is essential for the effective implementation of safety engineering principles. The review will discuss the components of a strong safety culture, including leadership commitment, employee involvement, communication, and continuous learning. It will also highlight strategies to promote and sustain a positive safety culture in organizations.5. Emerging Technologies in Safety Engineering:Advancements in technology have the potential to revolutionize safety engineering. The review will explore emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and virtual reality (VR) and their applications in safety engineering. It will discuss how these technologies can improve hazard identification, risk assessment, training, and emergency response.6. Conclusion:Safety engineering is a dynamic field that continually evolves to address new challenges and opportunities. This literature review provided an overview of key concepts, methodologies, and advancements in safety engineering. It highlighted the importance of safety management systems, risk assessment, hazard identification, safety culture, and emerging technologies. The review emphasized the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous learning to ensure the highest level of safety in various industries.In conclusion, safety engineering is a critical discipline that plays a vital role in protecting the well-being of individuals and the environment. The review highlighted the importance of implementing robust safety management systems, conducting thorough risk assessments, fostering a positive safety culture, and leveraging emergingtechnologies. By incorporating these principles and advancements, organizations can enhance their safety practices and minimize the occurrence and impact of accidents.。
食品安全体系 HACCP 基础课程 【教材】中英双语
(codex Alimentaries Food Hygiene Basic text) （国际食品法典食品卫生基础教材）
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Where did it come from? 起源？
HACCP plan 实施HACCP计划
Module 5 模块5
Verification
验证
Module 6 模块6
Review 评审
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Module 1
模块 1
Introduction to HACCP HACCP介绍
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What are the food handlers responsibilities?
食品加工人员的责任？
Students copy down off the board 学员抄写黑板上的内容
Food Safety Systems HACCP - Foundation
食品安全体系 HACCP - 基础课程
Lucille M Sheppard
Hand in Hand Technical & Training Services Ltd
手拉手技术&培训服务公司
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HACCP FOUNDATION MODULES HACCP基础课程的模块
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安全工程的英语
安全工程的英语Ensuring Safety through Engineering ExcellenceThe realm of safety engineering is a vast and multifaceted discipline that encompasses a wide range of strategies, technologies, and best practices aimed at mitigating risks and protecting individuals, communities, and the environment. As the world becomes increasingly complex and interconnected, the importance of effective safety engineering has never been more paramount.At the heart of safety engineering lies a fundamental principle: the pursuit of eliminating or minimizing the potential for harm. This principle is applied across a wide spectrum of industries, from manufacturing and construction to transportation and healthcare. Safety engineers are tasked with identifying potential hazards, assessing the associated risks, and developing comprehensive solutions to address them.One of the key components of effective safety engineering is the application of rigorous risk assessment and management protocols. Safety engineers utilize a variety of analytical tools and methodologies to systematically evaluate the likelihood and severityof potential incidents. This comprehensive approach enables them to prioritize the most pressing concerns and allocate resources accordingly.Another crucial aspect of safety engineering is the design and implementation of robust safety systems and procedures. This includes the development of specialized equipment, protective barriers, and emergency response plans. Safety engineers work closely with architects, designers, and subject matter experts to ensure that safety considerations are seamlessly integrated into the overall design and operation of any given system or facility.The role of technology in safety engineering cannot be overstated. Advancements in fields such as sensors, automation, and data analytics have revolutionized the way safety professionals approach their work. Real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and proactive risk management strategies have become essential tools in the safety engineer's toolkit.Moreover, safety engineering is not simply about technical solutions; it also requires a strong focus on human factors. Safety engineers must consider the ways in which individuals interact with the systems and environments they are responsible for, and develop training programs, communication strategies, and organizational policies that promote a culture of safety.One of the most significant challenges in the field of safety engineering is the need to continuously adapt to changing regulations, industry standards, and emerging threats. Safety engineers must stay informed of the latest developments in their respective fields and be prepared to implement innovative solutions to address new and evolving risks.Despite the challenges, the impact of effective safety engineering cannot be overstated. By prioritizing safety, safety engineers play a vital role in protecting lives, preserving the integrity of critical infrastructure, and safeguarding the well-being of communities around the world. Their work is not only essential but also deeply rewarding, as they contribute to the betterment of society and the advancement of human progress.In conclusion, the field of safety engineering is a dynamic and multifaceted discipline that requires a combination of technical expertise, analytical thinking, and a steadfast commitment to the protection of people and the environment. As the world continues to evolve, the role of safety engineers will only grow in importance, ensuring that the pursuit of progress is always accompanied by the assurance of safety.。
机械英语单词
机械英语单词1. Word: Gear（齿轮）- Word Meaning（单词释义）: A toothed wheel that works with others to transmit force and motion.- Word Usage（单词用法）: Gears are widely used in machinery, like in a car's transmission system. For example, “The gear in the old cloc k needs to be replaced.”- Synonyms（近义词）: Cog.- Phrase Collocations（短语搭配）: Gear up (prepare), gear down (reduce speed).- Bilingual Examples（双语例句）:- “Look at thatplex machine! All those gears working together are like a well - coordinated team. Without any one of them, the whole thing might fall apart. I wonder how they designed it so precisely?”- “I was trying to fix my bike, and I realized that the gear was jammed. Oh, what a pain! It's like a little piece of metal is causing so much trouble, just like a single naughty kid can disrupt a whole class.”2. Word: Shaft（轴）- Word Meaning: A long, slender part of a machine that rotates and transmits power.- Word Usage: In an electric motor, the shaft is an importantponent. For instance, “The shaft of the turbine rotates at a high speed.”- Synonyms: Rod.- Phrase Collocations: Shaft bearing (a type of bearing for the shaft).- Bilingual Examples:- “The shaft in this factory equipment is so long! It's like the spine of a huge mechanical beast. If it breaks, the whole machine will be paralyzed. Have you ever seen what happens when a shaft fails?”- “I'm learning about mechanical engineering, and I find shafts really fascinating. They seem so simple, just a long piece of metal, but they carry so much responsibility. It's like the unsung hero in a mechanical world.”3. Word: Bolt（螺栓）- Word Meaning: A metal pin with a head at one end and a thread at the other, used for fastening things together.- Word Usage: Bolts are used to assemble different parts of a machine. Such as, “We need to tighten the bolts on this frame.”- Synonyms: Screw (although not exactly the same).- Phrase Collocations: Bolt cutter (a tool for cutting bolts), bolt down (fasten firmly).- Bilingual Examples:- “These bolts are the litt le soldiers that hold the machine together. If even one of them loosens, it could be a disaster. Don't you think they are crucial?”- “I was tightening the bolts on my workbench, and I thought, these small things are like the glue that keeps everything in place. Without them, it would be chaos, just like a jigsaw puzzle without the pieces that hold it together.”4. Word: Nut（螺母）- Word Meaning: A small metal block with a threaded hole, used inbination with a bolt.- Word Usage: Nuts are paire d with bolts. For example, “The nut has to be screwed onto the bolt tightly.”- Synonyms: Cap nut (a specific type of nut).- Phrase Collocations: Nut and bolt (thebination), wing nut (a type of nut with wings for easy tightening).- Bilingual Examples:- “The nut is like the partner thatpletes the bolt. They are a perfect duo. Imagine a bolt without a nut, it would be like a key without a lock, useless.”- “I lost a nut while assembling my model plane. Oh no! It's like losing a vital piece of a puzzle. I have to find a replacement or the whole thing won't be stable.”5. Word: Lever（杠杆）- Word Meaning: A rigid bar that pivots about a fixed point and is used to transmit force.- Word Usage: Levers are used to make work easier in many mechanical devices. For instance, “The lever on this machine helps to lift heavy objects.”- Synonyms: Bar (in a sense).- Phrase Collocations: Lever arm (the part of the lever from the pivot to the point of force application).- Bilingual Examples:- “The lever is such a cool invention! It's like a magic wandin the mechanical world. With just a little push or pull on one end, you can move something much heavier on the other end. Isn't it amazing?”- “I was using a lever to move a big rock in my garden. I thought, this simple piece of metal is so powerful. It's like having a superpower that multiplies your strength.”6. Word: Pulley（滑轮）- Word Meaning: A wheel with a grooved rim around which a cord passes, used to transmit force or motion.- Word Usage: Pulleys are often used in lifting systems. For example, “The pulley system makes it easier to lift the heavy crate.”- Synonyms: Sheave.- Phrase Collocations: Pulley block (a set of pulleys), pulley wheel (the wheel part of the pulley).- Bilingual Examples:- “Pulleys are like the little helpers in the world of mechanics. They can change the direction of force so easily. It's like having a group of tiny elves changing the path of a strong wind for yo u.”- “I saw aplex pulley system in a factory. I was amazed! It's like a network of wheels working together in harmony. Each pulley has its own role, just like each member in a choir.”7. Word: Cam（凸轮）- Word Meaning: A rotating or sliding piece in a mechanical linkage, used especially to convert rotary motion into linear motion.- Word Usage: Cams are used in engines and other machinery. Such as, “The cam in the engine controls the opening and closing of the valves.”- Synonyms: Lobed wheel.- Phrase Collocations: Camshaft (a shaft with cams on it).- Bilingual Examples:- “The cam is a very clever little device. It's like a conductor in an orchestra, dictating when things should happen. If the cam fails, the whole engine sy mphony will be out of tune.”- “I was studying cams in my mechanical engineering class. I thought, these cams are like the secret code - breakers in a machine. They determine the precise movements, and without them, everything would be a mess.”8. Word: Crank（曲柄）- Word Meaning: A part of a machine that has an arm and a pivot, used to convert circular motion into reciprocating motion or vice versa.- Word Usage: Cranks are used in engines and bicycles. For example, “The crank on the bicycle p edals rotates to move the chain.”- Synonyms: Handle (in some cases).- Phrase Collocations: Crankshaft (a shaft with cranks on it).- Bilingual Examples:- “The crank is like the heart of the motion in some machines. It pumps the movement, just like a heart pumps blood. Without it, the whole system would be lifeless.”- “I was trying to fix my old lawnmower, and the crank was really rusty. I thought, this crank has seen better days. It's like an old athlete who has lost his strength.”9. Word: Piston（活塞）- Word Meaning: A cylindrical part that moves up and down inside a cylinder, usually in an engine.- Word Usage: Pistons play a crucial role in engines. For instance, “The piston in the car enginepresses the fuel - airmixtu re.”- Synonyms: Plunger (in some applications).- Phrase Collocations: Piston ring (a ring around the piston to seal the cylinder), piston head (the top part of the piston).- Bilingual Examples:- “The piston is like a hard - working little worker in the engine world. It goes up and down tirelessly. If it gets lazy or broken, the whole engine will be in trouble. Don't you feel sorry for it sometimes?”- “I was looking at the pistons in an old engine. They were all dirty and worn out. It's like they had been through a long and tough battle. But they still held the engine together, what heroes!”10. Word: Valve（阀门）- Word Meaning: A device for controlling the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas) through a pipe or duct.- Word Usage: Valves are used in plumbing and in engines. For example, “The valve in the water pipe needs to be closed.”- Synonyms: Cock (in some cases).- Phrase Collocations: Valve seat (the part where the valve closes), valve stem (the part that connects the valve to the actuator).- Bilingual Examples:- “The valve is like a gatekeeper in the world of fluids. It decides what can pass and what can't. If it's not working properly, it's like a security guard who falls asleep on the job.”- “I was adjusting the valves on my motorcycle engine. I thought, these small valves are so important. They are like the traffic cops of the fuel and air flow. One wrong move, and the engine won't run smoothly.”11. Word: Bearing（轴承）- Word Meaning: A device that allows parts of a machine to rotate or move smoothly.- Word Usage: Bearings are used in many rotating machinery. For example, “The bearing in the electric fan reduces friction.”- Synonyms: Bush (in some types).- Phrase Collocations: Ball bearing (a type of bearing with balls), roller bearing (a type of bearing with rollers).- Bilingual Examples:- “The bearing is like a smooth operator in the mechanical world. It makes everything run so quietly and effortlessly. Without it, the machine would be screeching and grinding like a monster.”- “I was changing the bearings on my skateboard wheels. I thought, these little bearings are so amazing. They are like the magic wheels that keep my skateboard gliding smoothly. I love t hem!”12. Word: Clutch（离合器）- Word Meaning: A device for engaging and disengaging power transmission, especially between a driving shaft and a driven shaft.- Word Usage: Clutches are used in vehicles and some industrial machinery. For example, “The clut ch in the car allows you to change gears smoothly.”- Synonyms: Coupling (in a related sense).- Phrase Collocations: Clutch pedal (the pedal that operates the clutch in a vehicle), clutch plate (a part of the clutch).- Bilingual Examples:- “The clutch is like a mediator between the engine and the wheels. It decides when to connect and when to disconnect. If it's moody, the car won't drive well. Have you ever had a clutch problem?”- “I was learning how to drive a manual car, and t he clutch was really tricky. It's like a finicky friend who you have to understand really well. If you don't, it will give you a hard time.”13. Word: Brake（刹车）- Word Meaning: A device for slowing or stopping a moving vehicle or machine.- Word Usage: Brakes are essential for safety in vehicles and some machinery. For example, “The brake on the bicycle needs to be adjusted.”- Synonyms: Stopper (in a general sense).- Phrase Collocations: Brake pad (the part that rubs against the wheel to stop it), brake pedal (the pedal for applying the brake).- Bilingual Examples:- “The brake is like the superhero that saves you from danger. When you need to stop suddenly, it jumps into action. If it fails, it's like a superhero losing his pow ers, very scary!”- “I was checking the brakes on my car. I thought, these brakes are my safety net. They are like the loyal guardians that protect me and my passengers. I should always take good care of them.”14. Word: Turbine（涡轮机）- Word Meaning: A machine or engine that takes energy from a fluid (such as steam, water, or gas) and turns it into mechanical energy.- Word Usage: Turbines are used in power plants and some aircraft engines. For example, “The turbine in the hydroelectric power plant generates electricity.”- Synonyms: Rotor (in some aspects).- Phrase Collocations: Turbine blade (the blade of the turbine), turbine shaft (the shaft of the turbine).- Bilingual Examples:- “The turbine is like a powerful beast th at devours the energy of the fluid and spits out mechanical power. It's so amazing how it can transform one form of energy into another. Don't you think it's a wonder of engineering?”- “I visited a turbine factory. The turbines there were huge! They were like the giants of the mechanical world. Standing next to them, I felt so small, but also in awe of their power.”15. Word: Compressor（压缩机）- Word Meaning: A machine that increases the pressure of a gas.- Word Usage: Compressors are used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. For example, “Thepressor in the air conditionerpresses the refrigerant.”- Synonyms: Pump (in some cases for gaspression).- Phrase Collocations: Compressor unit (the wholepressor setup),pressor valve (a valve in thepressor).- Bilingual Examples:- “Thepressor is like a squeezer in the world of gases. It squeezes the gas until it's under high pressure. It's a hard - working little thing. Have you ever thought about how it manages to do that?”- “I was repairing an oldpressor. It was making strange noises. I thought, thispressor is like an old man with a cough. It needs some tender loving care to get back to its normal self.”16. Word: Generator（发电机）- Word Meaning: A machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.- Word Usage: Generators are used to produce electricity in power stat ions and backup power systems. For example, “The generator in the factory provides electricity during power outages.”- Synonyms: Dynamo (an older term).- Phrase Collocations: Generator set (a set that includes a generator and otherponents), generator shaft (the shaft of the generator).- Bilingual Examples:- “The generator is like a magician that turns movement into electricity. It's so cool! It's like creating something out of nothing. Well, not really nothing, but you get the idea.”- “I was helping to install a new generator. I thought, this generator is like a new hope for our building. It will keep the lights on when the power grid fails. How important it is!”17. Word: Motor（电动机）- Word Meaning: A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.- Word Usage: Motors are used in many appliances and vehicles. For example, “The motor in the washing machine makes the drum rotate.”- Synonyms: Electric motor (the full term).- Phrase Collocations: Motor shaft (the shaft of the motor), motor housing (the outer case of the motor).- Bilingual Examples:- “The motor is like the little engine that could. It takes electricity and turns it into useful motion. It's like a hard - working ant that never stops. Have you ever noticed how motors are everywhere?”- “I was fixing my broken electric toothbrush motor. I thought, this tiny motor is so important. It's like the heart of my toothbrush. Without it, my toothbrush would be just a uselessstic k.”18. Word: Linkage（连杆）- Word Meaning: A system of connected parts in a machine, especially for transmitting force or motion.- Word Usage: Linkages are used in many mechanical devices. For example, “The linkage in the printing press transfers the motion from one part to another.”- Synonyms: Connecting rod (in some cases).- Phrase Collocations: Linkage mechanism (the overall mechanism made up of linkages).- Bilingual Examples:- “The linkage is like the chain that binds diff erent parts of a machine together. It ensures that everything moves in harmony. If one link is broken, the whole chain of motion will be disrupted. Isn't it like a team? If one member fails, the whole team suffers.”- “I was studying linkages in my m echanical design class. I thought, these linkages are like the invisible threads that weave the mechanical tapestry. They are not very glamorous, but without them, the machine won't function.”19. Word: Hoist（起重机）- Word Meaning: A device for lifting and lowering heavy objects.- Word Usage: Hoists are used in construction sites and warehouses. For example, “The hoist in the warehouse is used to lift the heavy boxes.”- Synonyms: Crane (although hoist is more for vertical lifting).- Phrase Collocations: Hoist rope (the rope used in the hoist), hoist mechanism (the mechanism of the hoist).- Bilingual Examples:- “The hoist is like a strong giant that can pick up heavy things with ease. It's like having a superpower in the industrial world. If you need to move something really heavy, you call on the hoist.”- “I saw a hoist at a construction site. It was lifting huge steel beams. I thought, this hoist is like a hero in the building process. It does the heavy - lifting so that the building can stand tall.”20. Word: Frame（框架）- Word Meaning: The main structure of a machine or vehicle that provides support.- Word Usage: Frames are used in cars, bicycles, and other machinery. For example,。
SUSTAINABLEENGINEERING可持续发展的工程
Problems are all around us,on land, in water and in the air.And those are only the visible ones…There is currently no accepted definition of Sustainable Engineering, but the concept may be encapsulated as follows:►Engineering in context►Engineering with a conscience►Engineering for a finite planet and the indefinite future►Engineering in contextEngineers must “solve problems holistically”+ 17 guidelines(Institute of professional Engineers of New Zealand –2004)Engineers must “solve problems holistically and proactively”+ 8 principles(Engineers Australia –2005)Engineers must “consider true life-cycle costs”(Canadian Society for Civil Engineering –2006)Traditional Engineering:•Considers the object•Focuses on technical issues •Solves the immediate problem (now)•Considers the local context (user)•Assumes others will deal with politics, ethics & societal issues Sustainable Engineering:•Considers the system in which the object will be used•Integrates technical and non-technical issues•Strives to solve the problem for the indefinite future (for ever)•Considers the global context (planet)•Acknowledges the need for engineers to interact with experts in other disciplines related to the problemThree main challenges:1. What are the main principles of Sustainable Engineeringand how can they be applied to solve the problems?2. Where should the boundaries lie? Boundaries are critical becausethe wrong scale can hide critical links.Ex: switching from steel to lightweight composite in an automobile can boost fuel efficiency but break the recycling system.So, it would seem that the wider the better, but how wide?3. How can Sustainable Engineering be taught to the next generationof engineers? Modules in existing courses? New courses?New curriculum?The new Navajo Bridge in Grand Canyon National Park is the only crossing of the Colorado River for a stretch of 600 miles. The $15 million steel arch bridge carries traffic across Marble Canyon, 470 feet above the Colorado River. The 1929 Navajo Bridge remains a pedestrian bridge. High strength steel was used in the new bridge in order to be visually compatible with the historic(/pics/campus/images/servers.jpg)(Photo: Beauchemin Lumber)3P at 3MPollution Prevention Pays, since 1975Rendering of new Life Sciences Center at Dartmouth Collegenow under constructionWant to know more about this?Take ENGS-44 “Sustainable Design”A zero-emissions city on the desert: Madar(/meet-aae/grove2005/exhibition.php)Want to know more about this? Take ENGS-171 “Industrial Ecology”An application example of the Okala method: Button vs.Zipper?So, which one is better for the environment?。
安全工程专业英语Unit1-9翻译
安全工程专业英语Unit1-9翻译安全工程专业英语Unit11. Because of the very rapid changes in these jobs and professions, it is hard for students to learn about future job opportunities. It is even more difficult to know about the type of preparation that is needed for aparticular profession-or the qualities and traits that might help individuals succeed in it.由于这些工作和职业的飞速变更，其变化之快使得学生们很难了解未来有什么样的工作机会，更不知道为未来的具体职业生涯做出怎样的准备，也就是说学生们很难知道掌握何种知识、具备何种能力才能成功适应未来的社会。
2. The purpose of this article is to provide in depth information about the safety profession that should help students considering a career in this challenging and rewarding field.这篇文章将提供较为深入的安全专业方面的具体信息，它应该能够为安全专业的学生们在这个充满挑战也蕴含着发展机遇的职业中获得良好的发展而提供帮助。
3. While these efforts became more sophisticated and widespread during the twentieth century, real progress on a wide front did not occur in the U.S. until after Word War Ⅱ.尽管这些专业手段在20世纪已经发展的较为成熟，也具有一定的广泛适应性，但在美国，这些都是第二次世界大战以后才取得的突破性进展。
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Translation －paragraph 2
A total of 6.7 million injuries and illnesses in the United States were reported by private industry in 1993. Two commuter trains in metropolitan Washington, DC, collided in 1996, killing numerous passengers. Large oil tankers ran aground in Alaska and Mexico, spilling millions of gallons of oil and despoiling the coastline. 在1993年,私营企业报道，美国共发生伤害和疾病事件达 670万起。 在首都华盛顿，两列市郊火车相撞，死亡乘客不计其数。 大型油轮在阿拉斯加和墨西哥之间的海域搁浅，数百万加仑 的原油泄漏，严重污染了海岸线。
Translation －paragraph7
An American Society of Mechanical Engineers national survey found that most design engineers were very aware of the importance of safety and product liability in designs but did not know how to use the system safety tools available. 从美国机械工程师协会的一项全国调查中发现，大 部分设计工程师清楚的知道在设计中安全和产品倾 向的重要性；但是却不知道如何使用可用的系统安 全工具。
印度博帕尔毒气惨案
Translation －paragraph 1
A nuclear power plant in Ukraine exploded and burned out of control, sending a radioactive cloud to over 20 countries, severely affecting its immediate neighbors’ livestock and farming.
Translation －paragraph 3
An airliner crashed into an apartment building in downtown Sao Paolo, Brazil, killing all on board and many in the apartment building. Another, airplane mysteriously dipped and spun into the ground in Sioux City, Iowa. 一架客机与位于巴西Sao Paolo市市区的一座公寓 大楼相撞，导致飞机上所有人员和在公寓里的很多 人员的死亡。 另外，在爱荷华州苏语城，一架飞机神秘的旋转下 降到地面。
Translation －paragraph 4
In 1995 the Fremont, California, Air Route Traffic Control Center lost power, causing radar screens covering northern California, western Nevada, and 18 million square miles of Pacific Ocean to go dark for 34 minutes while 70 planes were in the air, almost resulting in two separate midair collisions. 1995年，在加利福尼亚州弗里蒙特市，航线交通控制中心 断电，使覆盖加州北部、内华达州西部和太平洋中1800万 平方英里区域的雷达屏幕陷入黑暗长达34分钟，当时有70 架飞机停留在空中，几乎造成两起独立的空中相撞事故。
bile air-bag manufacturing plant exploded, killing one worker, after it had had over 21 fire emergencies in one year. Swarms of helicopters with television cameras were drawn to the plant after every call, creating a public relations nightmare and forcing the government to shut down the plant temporarily. 一家生产汽车安全气袋的制造厂爆炸，造成一名工人死亡。 而在此前，该工厂已经在一年中发生了超过21起的火灾紧 急情况。每次发生紧急情况后，都会吸引一大群带有电视 摄像机的直升飞机前来，造成了公共关系的恶化，迫使政 府临时关闭了这家工厂。
Translation －paragraph 6
The problem quickly becomes evident: How do we build products with high quality, cheaply, quickly, and still safely? 问题很快变得明显了：构造产品时，我们如何在保 证高品质、低价格、生产快速的同时，也保证安全？
Translation －paragraph 3
Two airplanes collided on a runway in the Philippines. An airliner crashed into the Florida Everglades after an Oxygen generator exploded in the cargo hold, killing all 110 people on board. 在菲律宾，两架客机在飞机跑到上相撞。 一架客机在所载货物中的一个氧气发生器爆炸之后， 坠落到佛罗里达州沼泽地，造成飞机上110人全部 遇难。
这些事故中有些发生在很多年以前，有些则是发生 在最近。 许多事故跨过了国际范围，对其他国家数百万的人 造成了影响；更多的事故并未超出国界，但是也影 响了很多人，而有些则没有造成任何人伤亡。
Translation －paragraph 6
We all know how quickly technology is changing; as engineers, it is difficult just to keep up. As technology advances by leaps and bounds, and business competition heats up with the internationalization of the economy, turnaround time from product design to market launch is shrinking quickly. 我们都清楚科技变化之迅速，作为工程师，也很难跟得上 （这种变化）。 随着科技飞跃发展，商业竞争因经济国际化的升温，从产 品设计到进入市场的转化时间迅速缩短。问题很快变得明 显了：构造产品时，我们如何在保证高品质、低价格、生 产快速的同时，也保证安全？
1 Why Do We Need Safety Engineering
——我们为什么需要安全工程
词汇
safety engineering 安全工程（学） disaster n.灾难，天灾，灾祸 nuclear plant 核电站 radioactive cloud 放射云 injury n.伤害 commuter train 市郊火车 oil tanker 油轮 despoil vt.夺取，掠夺 manufacturing n.制造业； adj.制造业的 everglade n.湿地, 沼泽地 evident adj.明显的, 显然的 available adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的 entail vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承担,
Translation －paragraph 4
In another incident, a worker in downtown Chicago cut into a cable and brought down the entire Air Route Traffic Control System for thousands of square miles. 在另一件事故中，一位在芝加哥市区的工人切断了 电缆，使控制几千平方英里的航线交通控制系统全 面陷入瘫痪。
Translation
It is difficult to open a newspaper or turn on the television and not to be reminded how dangerous our world is .Both largescale natural and man-made disasters seem to occur on an almost daily basis. 从电视或报纸传达出的信息，很难不让我们想到 （无不在告诉）我们这个世界是多么危险。大规模 的自然灾害和人为灾害几乎每天都在发生。
Translation －paragraph 5
Some of these accidents occurred many years ago. Some of them occurred very recently. Many of the accidents crossed international borders and affected millions of people in other countries. Many more did not extend beyond national borders but still affected a great number of people. And some of the accidents didn’t kill anyone.