外文翻译---浅谈提高球磨机的磨矿效率

附二
On Improving the efficiency of ball mill grinding
In the chemical industry, mineral processing operations, grinding machine is one of the main production equipment. According to different raw minerals to select best meet the technical requirements of the mill and the mill models. Select the mill can produce equipment to take into account the difference between design and actual, the actual production to leave some spare capacity, so equipment does not cause overload in the production process, extended the life of mill. Certain minerals in the original material and choice of type of ball mill, the ball is the grinding of one of the main parameters, the ball diameter is too large or too small are unfavorable, only suitable for crushing ore particle is required for precision grinding ball diameter required Kunming Power Engineering University, Professor Duan Xixiang in 1989 derived the first formula of practical value Qiuban theoretical formula:
Db=Kc·0．5224／(σ2-σ6 )·[σ压／(10Pe·Do)·d]l／3(cm)
Where: Db The ball diameter required:cm
Kc Correction factor for the combined experience, according to the value of ore particle size change;
σ Transfer rate for the mill( %)
σ压For the ball in the effective density of the pulp ,g/cm3
Pe For the mill in the middle of "condensation layer" diameter,cm
D 95% of the sieve size to mine cm
Accurate calculation of the diameter of steel ball can solve the single-level ore particle diameter required for the precise calculation of the ball, while the mill within the overall accuracy depends on the load of additional global approach to solve, due to complexity of the problem, so do not have a ball successful, scientific, effective and easy-to promote the application of loading up the ball method. However according to sum up years of experience in the following important reference factor: (1) radius of the theoretical formula with the ball accurately calculate the exact needs of ore particle diameter ball; (2) Based on actual production, measured against ore crushing strength; (3) screen Analysis of the mill to the mine, according to the size composition of the ore with a broken guiding principles of statistical mechanics with the ball. Grinding concentration on grinding efficiency greatly, slurry concentration, its viscosity big, easy to adhesion of mineral particles in the medium, enhanced combat and crushing effect, pulp illiquid. Thus, according to the actual production situation, the first paragraph of the concentration of coarse grinding of the pulp mill in the pulp out of the case to maximize the use of higher concentration, fine grinding lower concentration of the corresponding control can be achieved by good grinding effect. According to the concentration of control, to control the grinding time, into the mine in the same capacity by the high concentration of the corresponding length of grinding time, pulp density low velocity, short grinding time, grinding effect of relatively difference. Sand-returning Ratioon the grinding productivity has a direct impact, in certain circumstances. In the grade efficiency is the same, Sand-returning Ratioand grinding efficiency than
proportional.
According to the productivity of mill: Q=qVKgKpK1KeKd
Where:q ,Productivity per unit volume for the mill, t／h·m3;
v ,Effective volume for the mill, m3；Kg, By grinding material and size of the correction factor to the material; checker mill, Ke,KI=1; Cyclic load factor for the mill; Kd, Correction factor for the mill diameter. Can be seen from the above formula to improve the effective capacity can mill up to improve mill productivity. Liner thick, heavy, an increase of power consumption, have reduced the effective cylinder volume, reducing the efficiency of the mill, so choose the right liner for improving the grinding efficiency and cost savings have a significant effect. The factors are not independent of grinding efficiency, but each factor can reflect the crux of the problem. So in actual production, to be taken into account, depending on the circumstances of the factors to adjust the parameters required to achieve the highest efficiency, lowest cost.
References:
[1] Li Qiheng. Crushing and grinding. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 1980.
[2] Deng Haibo. Grinding and back to sand ratio of the correlation analysis. Changsha: Mining Research and Development, 1998.
浅谈提高球磨机的磨矿效率
在化工、选矿作业中，磨矿机是主要的生产设备之一。

据不同的原矿物来选择所能满足工艺要求的磨机以及磨机的型号。

选择所能生产的磨机设备时要考虑到设计和实际的差别，实际生产时要留有一定的富余量，这样不致使设备在生产过程中超负荷运转，延长了磨机的使用寿命。

在原矿物质一定和选择了球磨机的材质型号后，钢球是磨矿的主要参数之一，球径过大或过小都不利，只有适合矿粒破碎需要的精确球径才是磨矿所需，昆明力工大学段西祥教授1989年推导出了第一个有实用价值的球半公式理论公式：
=Kc·0．5224／(σ2-σ6 )·[σ压／(10Pe·Do)·d]l／3(cm)
D
b
所需的球经，cm
式中：D
b
Kc为综合经验修正系数，依给矿粒度值而变：
σ-为磨机转速率(％)
σ压为钢球在矿浆的有效密度，g/cm3
Pe为磨机内中间”缩聚层”直径，cm
D为95％的过筛给矿粒度，cm
钢球直径的精确计算能解决单级别矿粒所需球径的精确计算问题，而磨机内
整体负荷的精确性要靠补加球方法来解决，由于问题的复杂性，使球磨机没有一套成功的、科学的、有效果的及易于推广应用的装补球方法。

不过根据多年的经验总结出以下几个重要参考因数：(1)用球半径理论公式精确计算矿粒需要的精确球径；(2)根据实际生产，测量原矿的抗破碎强度；(3)筛析磨机的给矿，按给矿粒度的组成用破碎统计力学原理指导配球。

磨矿浓度对磨矿效率的影响很大，矿浆浓时，其黏性大，矿粒易黏附在介质上，增强了打击和破碎效果，矿浆流动性差。

因此，根据实际生产的情况，第一段粗磨的矿浆浓度要在矿浆能流出球磨机的情况下，尽量采用较高的浓度，细磨浓度控制的相应较低即可达到好的磨矿效果。

根据浓度的控制，来控制磨矿的时间，在一样的进矿量的情况下浓度较高相应的磨矿时间就长，矿浆浓度低，流速大，磨矿时间就短，磨矿效果相对较差。

返砂比对磨矿生产率有直接影响，在一定情况下。

在分级效率相同时，返砂比与磨矿效率成正比。

根据球磨机的生产率：Q=qVKgKpK1KeKd
式中，q为磨机单位容积生产率，t／h·m3；v为磨机有效容积，m3；Kg为被磨物料与给料粒度的修正系数；格子磨KI=I：Ke为磨机循环负荷系数；Kd为磨机直径校正系数。

从以上公式可以看出提高磨机的有效容积可同比提高磨机生产率。

衬板厚，重量大，增加了动力消耗，有减小了筒体有效容积，降低了磨机的效率，所以选择合适的衬板对于提高磨矿效率和节约成本有着显著的效果。

各因素不是独立的影响磨矿效率，但每一个因素都能反映出问题的症结所在。

所以在实际生产当中，要综合考虑，根据不同的情况来调整所需的因素参数，来达到最高效率，最低成本。

参考文献：
[1]李启衡．碎矿与磨矿．北京：冶金工业出版社，1980．
[2]邓海波．磨矿与返砂比的相关分析．长沙：矿业研究与开发，1998．。