广东省揭阳一中2011届高三级第一次学情摸底考试英语试题

学科网()-精品系列资料上学科网，下精品资料！1广东省揭阳一中2011届高三级第一次学情摸底考试英语试题英语（本试卷共三大题，满分135分；考试用时120分钟。

）Ⅰ语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分．满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was 1 on both sides with many 2 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. 3 ,some shops offered 4 .These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe-repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. 5 in the 1950s, a change began to 6 .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking places were 7 shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 8 the city limits. Open space is what their car-driving customers needed.And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centres, or rather malls, 9 as a collection of small new stores 10 crowded city centres. 11 by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 11 areas to outlying malls. And the growing 12 of shopping centres led 13 to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 15 of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.1. A. built B. designed C. intended D. lined2. A. varied B. various C. sorted D. mixed up3. A. Apart from B. However C. In addition D. As well4. A. medical care B. food C. cosmetics D. services5. A. suddenly B. Abruptly C. Contrarily D. But6. A. be taking place B. take place C. be taken place D. have taken place7. A. available for B. available to C. used by D. ready for8. A. over B. from C. out of D. outside9. A. started B. founded C. set up D. organized10. A. out of B. away from C. next to D. near11. A. Attracted B. Surprised C. Delighted D. Enjoyed12. A. inner B .central C. shopping D. downtown13. A. distinction B. fame C. popularity D. liking14. A. on B. in turn C. by turns D. further15. A. cheapness B. readiness C. convenience D. handiness第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题l 5分．满分l5分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。

The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival __16__________ (mark) by eating zong zi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Y uan, who is said to have committed suicide(自杀) by drowning himself.Qu was a minister of the State of Chu ____17____ (situate) in the present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces, during the Warring States Period（战国时期）. He was upright, loyal and highly respected. ____18____, he was dismissed from office. __19____ (realize) that the country was in the hands of evil officials, Qu leapt into River Miluo on the fifth day of the fifth month. Nearby fishermen rushed over to save him but were ____20____ (able) to recover his body.The people of Chu ____21____ mo urned Qu‘s death threw rice into the river to feed his ghost ____22____ year on the day of his death. But one year, the spirit of Qu appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile（爬行动物）in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then advised __23______ to wrap the rice and bind it _24_______ throwing it into the river.During the Duanwu Festival, zong zi is eaten to symbolize（象征，表示）the rice offerings to Qu. And the dragon-boat races symbolize __25______ many attempts to rescue and recover Qu's body.Ⅱ阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AMicrowaves may be great at warming up food, but what about warming people?Using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture. And despite popular ideas about microwaves, this technique would be safe, according to Charles R. Burlier of the Microwave Research Center in Marlborough, New Hampshire. Low-power microwaves only penetrate (贯穿) the skin (low-power microwave penetration in a ham is about 0.2 inches, for example) and with no negative effects.To test this idea, Buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500-watt, 2459 MHz magnetron (磁控管). He found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 milliwatts per square centimeter (mw. / sq. cm. ) ; a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw. / sq. cm. By comparison, a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 mw. / sq. cm. And a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1000 mw. / sq. cm.In houses of the future, each room could be provided with its own magnetron, says Buffler. When you stepped into the living room, for example, a motion detector (运动感应器)would turn on the magnetron, filling the room with low-power microwaves. In the same way that a microwave oven heats up a hamburger, but not the plate it‘s on, you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table. (Y ou could, however, make your favorite easy chair even more comfortable by treating it with a radiation-absorbing chemical.)While it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up whole-body microwave heaters in houses, Buffler says microwaves may attract livestock(家畜) farmers. Lambs that are born outdoors in winter, for example, are frequently lost to cold. Microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly.26. Which of the following can tell the main idea of the passage?A. A new heating system.B. A new microwave oven.C. A popular technique.D. The magnetron.27. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following does not describe the characteristics of amicrowave heater?A. It directly heats people in a room.B. It heats walls and furniture in a room.C. It is safe.D. It saves energy．28. The test conducted by Buffler shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth, he receivesabout ________________.A. 20 mw. / sq. cm.B. 40 mw. / sq. cm.C. 60 mw. / sq. cm.D. 85 mw. / sq. cm.29. According to Paragraph 4, which of the following fills the room with low-power microwaves?A. The magnetron.B. The motion detector.C. The microwave oven.D. The radiation-absorbing chemical.30. Which of the following statements about microwave heaters would Buffler most probablyagree with?A. Microwave heaters will soon be widely used by homeowners.B. Microwave heaters sometimes make people feel uncomfortable.C. Perhaps microwave heaters will be first used by livestock farmers, who wish to protecttheir lambs in winter.D. Microwave heaters cannot be accepted by the public because they are somewhat unsafe.BEverywhere man is altering the balance of nature．He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously．He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization．He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favors the multiplication of others．In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million．Many of these changes which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequences．Who would have thought that the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers‘ wives would have led to Eastern Australian being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear? Who would have prophesied that the cutting down of forests on the Adriatic coasts, or in parts of Central Africa, could have reduced the land to a semi desert, with the very soil washed away from the bare rock? Who would have thought that improved communications would havechanged history by the spreading of disease-sleeping sickness into East Africa, measles into Oceania, very possibly malaria into ancient Greece?These are spectacular examples; but examples on a smaller scale are everywhere to be found．We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds, prescribing absolute security for all species; and we may find that some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies beyond measure and ousts the rare kinds in which we were particularly interested．We see, owing to some little change brought about by civilization, the starling spread over the English country-side in hordes．We improve the yielding capacities of our cattle; and find that now they exhaust the pastures which sufficed for less exigent stock．31．The following examples except _______________ reflect man altering the balance of nature．A．man is covering huge areas with new kinds of plantsB．man is facilitating the spread of animals into new regions．C．man is killing some species on a large scaleD．man is getting to know the importance of keeping the balance of nature．32．What had a piece of Canadian waterweed cause?A．Eastern Australian was overrun with forests．B．Half the waterways of Britain blocked for a decade．C．In parts of central Africa, the land reduced to a semi desert．D．Disease-sleeping has been caused．33．What have spread diseases?A．Disease-sleeping sickness．B．Measles．C．Improved communications．D．Malaria．34．We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds but _______________.A．some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies B．rare kinds multiplyC．all bird multiply D．no bird multiply35．The main idea of the passage is ______________．A．that man is deliberately destroying the balance of natureB．that man has foreseen the consequences of altering the balance old natureC．that improved communications have changed historyD．that man is altering the balance of natureCThe way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment （预担的义务）, self - improvement.Ask a bachelor（单身汉）why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night‘s sleep or a three - day vacation. I don‘t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.36．According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ____________ .A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilitiesB. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains singleC. he finds more fun in dating than in marriageD. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement37．Raising children, in the author‘s opinion is ____________ .A. a moral dutyB. a thankless jobC. a rewarding taskD. a source of inevitable pain38．From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ____________ .A. hatredB. misunderstandingC. prejudiceD. ignorance39．To understand what true happiness is one must ____________ .A. have as much fun as possible during one‘s lifetimeB. make every effort to liberate oneself from painC. put up with pain under all circumstancesD. be able to distinguish happiness from fun40．What is the author trying to tell us?A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain．B. One must know how to attain happiness.C. It is important to make commitments.D. It is pain that leads to happiness.DIn a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and English — and all at the same time. This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a computer science professor at US's Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and Germany's University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier for people who speak different languages to understand each other.One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into another. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Users also have to be trained how to use the programme.Another prototype(雏形机) can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what language they speak. ―It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you,‖ Waibel said.Prefer to read? So-called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录) the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal(液晶) display(LCD) screen.Then there‘s the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech. The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person's face, according to researchers.During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU's Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese studentnamed Stan Jou had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat. Then he mouthed — without speaking aloud — a few words in Mandarin(普通话) to the audience.A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish: ―Let me introduce our new prototype.‖This particular gadget(器械),when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of languages or, as Waibel put it, ―to switch your mouth to a foreign language‖. ―The idea behind the university's prototypes is to create ‗good enough‘ bridges for cross-cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world,‖ Waibel said.With spontaneous(自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio, tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people, and leaders of different countries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.41. Which of the following statements is not TRUE?A. A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily.B. There is no Muscle Translator in the world now.C. Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth.D. The spontaneous translators will help us a lot.42. What kind of equipment is NOT mentioned in this passage?A. Lecture Translation.B. Muscle Translator.C. Multiple Translator.D. Translation Prototype.43. What‘s the final destination of inventing the language translators?A. To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier.B. To help students learn foreign languages more easily.C. To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably.D. To help people learn more foreign languages in the future.44. What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?A. The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need.B. The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge.C. With the help of the translator, you only need to open your mouth when you want to say something without saying the exact words at all.D. The translator needs to be improved before being put into market.45. Where can this passage probably be excerpted from?A. A newspaper.B. A magazine on science.C. A fairy tale.D. A scientific fantasy book.第二节信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)请阅读下面应用文和相关信息，按照要求进行匹配，并在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。