CET-4写作背诵模板

写作
◆命题形式：
1、提纲式作文：
2、情景式作文：
3、图表式作文：
◆论说文
⏹写作要领：
第一段：说明现状；
第二段：列举原因；
第三段：归纳结论，提出建议，即“提出问题－分析问题－解决问题”的模式。

⏹模板：
1）对立观点型：就是就某一事物或现象给出两种对立地观点，将两种观点进行比较，然后表明自己地立场和看法。

第一段：引出有争议的两个观点；
Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in ....（点明新热点）
Therefore, there is a hot debate over .... （切入话题）
第二段：对两个观点分别进行详细的论述，可以分为两小段进行；
Some people are in favor of the idea of ....（概述一方观点）
They believe that ....（详述理由一）
They also argue that ....（详述理由二）
However, other people stand on a different ground.（概述另一方观点）
They consider ....（详述理由一）
What’s more, they firmly point out that ....（详述理由二）
第三段：总结、陈述自己的观点。

There is some truth in both arguments.（双方各有道理）
But I think the advantages of ... overweigh the disadvantages.（但是利大于
弊）
In my opinion, ....（总结自己的观点）
2）道理论证型：是对某一事物或现象进行分析和论证。

它与对立观点型论说文的最大区别在于前者通常是就某一个明确的观点进行分析和论证，而后者针对两个对立的观点进行
对比论证，由作者在最后表明自己的立场。

第一段：开篇引出题目要求评论的观点，并给出不同看法；
It is true that ....（指出普遍的观点）
However, ....（叙述不同的观点）
第二段：详细阐述这些看法的立足理由及其优劣之处；
I think ....（提出自己的观点，即文章的论点）
The reason can be listed as follows.（开始论证）
Firstly, ....（论证理由一）
Secondly, ....（论证理由二）For example, .....（举例）
Thirdly, ....（论证理由三）A case in point is that ....（举例）第三段：总结并给出自己的见解。

It goes without saying that （不用说）....（指出执行该观点时的注意事项）
In conclusion, ....（总结全文）
3）问题解决型：这类文章的立意在“How”，以“方法”、“途径”、“怎么办”为文章的核心，主要遵循“提出问题――分析原因――提出解决办法”的模式。

第一段：引言，对现状、形势或困难进行描述，提出问题；
....（铺垫，提出问题）
On the one hand, ....（理由一）
On the other hand, ....（理由二）
第二段：途径与方法，列举做某事的途径或解决问题的各种方法；
Therefore, how to ... is worth paying attention to.（承上启下，提出要解决的
问题）
Firstly, ....（办法一）
Secondly, ....（办法二）For example, ....（举例说明办法二）
Thirdly, ....（办法三）
In this way, ....（预期结果）
第三段：评价或选择，对第二段中提及的途径和方法进行简要评价，或选取其中一、两种自己认为合适的，阐述其依据。

In brief, ....（总结全文）
解释说明型：是对事物的发生、发展、结果、特征、状态、功能等进行介绍、阐述、解释的一种论说文类型。

第一段：Nowadays, there is a hot debate about ....（提出问题）
第二段：A number of factors contribute to ....（概述，引出对问题的分析）
On the one hand, ....（一方面）
On the other hand, ....（另一方面）
第三段：Clearly, there are both advantages and disadvantages as to the view of this matter.（概述不同观点）
For one thing, ....（一方面）
For another, ....（另一方面）
In general, ....（得出结论）
谚语型：是指文章的题目或论点是一句谚语，要求考生针对该谚语阐述自己的理解，并且举例论证。

第一段：对格言警句的理解，开门见山引出格言警句，并对其进行解释；
It is well-known to everyone that ....（引出谚语）
This self-evident proverb means ....（给出解释）
第二段：例证一，可以使用学习、生活中的事例来说明其寓意，若有必要，引用第二个例证进一步说明；
①... is a case in point.（例证一）Y ou must ....（结合谚语阐述现象）
Otherwise, ....（否则......）
②... is another example to prove the proverb.（例证二）Y ou may be
amazed at ....（结合谚语阐述现象）But if you know ..., you will not be
surprised at ....（原因）
③It is thought ... that ....（总结）
第三段：结束全文，总结句可以与文章主题呼应。

A lesson that we can draw from the above examples is obvious.（启示）
Only through practice can one ....（点题）
常用句式：
①篇首：
Currently there is a general attitude towards…
In recent years, there is a growing concern over…
Now it is commonly believed that…, but I wonder whether it is true.
These days we are often told that/hear about…, but is this really the case?
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of…
②篇中：
概述不同观点：
People’s views on… vary from person to person.
Some hold that… However, others believe that…
People may have different opinions on…
Attitudes toward… vary from person to person.
There are different opinions among people as to…
Different people hold different attitudes toward…
对比与反驳：
The advantages of… outwiegh and benefit we gained from…
Personally, I am standing on the side of…
In my opinion, it is more advisable to… than to…
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.
The main problem in this argument is that it is ignorant of the basic fact that…
I believe that the title statement is valid because (of)…
T oo much emphasis placed on… might make us overlook other facts…
However sound this argument may be, it only skims the surface of the problem.
As far as I am concerned, however, I believe that…
I cannot entirely agree with the idea that…
I sincerely believe that…
As far as… is concerned, …
It was obvious that…
It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that…
It is natural to believe that…, but we shouldn’t ignore that…
There is no evidence to suggest that…
解决问题：
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.
Why did this happen? Perhaps the primary reason is…
I quite agree with the statement that… The reasons are chiefly as follows.
Here ae some suggestons for handling…
The best way to solve the trouble is…
People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.
解释说明：
There are many examples to prove…
This is a good case in point.
There are numerous examples. Here I will cite just a few.
T ake…as an example.
…may be defined as…
There are some similarities / differences between… and…
…has something / nothing in common with…
… and… are similar / different in many ways.
The reasons why people hate to admit it can be traced to…
The cuases for… are as follows.
Therefore, we can draw the following conclusions.
③篇尾：
In conclusion, I would like to say that change is a problem confronting most of us
today.
From what has been discussed above, we may safely come to the conclusion that…
We have to admit that science has brought pollution and atomic bombs. But the good
point is that it has transformed our life to some degree.
Obviously, if we ignore the problem, there is every chance that…
It is high time that we put great emphasis on the protection of environment.
There is no easy solution to the problem of…, but… might be useful.
It is necessary that quick actions should be taken to prevent the situation.
◆应用文
⏹以下是信件格式示意图：
⏹模板：
第一段：告知对方你的身份（假如对方不认识你），简要叙述写信的原因；
第二段：详细解释写信的意图（建议、批评、投诉、申请、邀请、感谢、道歉等）；
第三段：发出请求，提供帮助，表示感谢，或期盼回信等。

⏹常用句式：
①篇首：
说明写信的原因：
I would like to apply for admission to your university for study in Computer Science.
According to the latest Beijing Weekly, I find you want an experienced and efficient sercetary.
I understand from Mr. Smith that there is an opening for a reporter at Sun.
致谢：
I am greatly indebted to you for your care and help.
I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for…
I would like to thank you most sincerely for…
Thank you very much for the kindness you have given me during my stay in Paris.
I am writing to thank you, on behalf of my wife and myself, for the lovely time we had
at your party last night.
（我谨代表我夫妻二人，致信感谢您昨天的晚会，它让我们度过了一段愉悦的时光。

）投诉和批评：
I am writing to complain about the bad service of your company.
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with / at…
I wish to make a complain about…
I am afraid I have got a complaint about…
I am writing to draw your attention to…
T o improve the situation / solve the above problem, it is advisable for you to take the following measures.
I must warn you that unless you do something about the situation, otherwise we will
be forced to take legal action.
致歉：
I am writing to you because I am unable to make it.
I am terribly sorry that...
I would like to express my apologies for not being able to...
询问：
I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
I would like to inquire about the price of the new product you are promoting.
I would like to seek some information about the international conference to be held I
your univeristy.
I would like some detailed information on / about...
邀请及答复：
It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to visit this exhibition.
John and I would be very happy if you and Mr. Green could come to dinner at 7 p.m.
on Saturday, 19th. We do hope you can join us.
It is very kind of you to ask us to diner this coming Friday evening. But, to our deep regret, we cannot make it.
②篇尾：
发出请求：
Please give this matter your immediate attention.
I would very mcuh appreciate it if...as soon as possible.
Would you please send me an application form for admission to your graduate school?
提供帮助：
I hope these materials will be helpful, and please feel free to contact me for more
information.
Alice will be taking responsibility for you and if you need any assistance, she will be pleased to help you.
再次表示感谢或歉意：
Thank you for your kind assistance.
Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.
Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience casued.
I am sorry that I cannot...and believe that you will undrstand.
In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenience I may have caused.
I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.
期盼回信：
R.S.V.P.
I hope to receive your reply shortly.
Looking forward to an early reply.
I expect to hear from you very soon.
I look forward to your prompt response.
I am already eagerly awaiting your reply to this letter.
I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.
◆观察描述类作文
⏹模板：
第一段：My name is .... I am....（自我介绍）
At noon, around ..., ..., I was ... when I was shocked by ....（事故的发生）
I saw ....（第一眼所见场景）
第二段：Soon ....（事情的发展一）
I got there and found ....（事情的发展二）
At the same time I saw ....（同时发生的事）
It was obvious that ....（作者的推断）
After a moment, ....（事情的发展三）
... while ....（结局）
第三段：The above is all I saw about the accident.（概述）
It is my opinion that ..., expecially ....（事故原因一）
Besides, ....（事故原因二）
Anyway, I believe accidents may be avoided if ....（总结）
⏹常用句式：
1）交待主题：
It was the most exciting moment that I have ever experienced.
Last week, I narrowly escaped being drowned.
Y esterday, I narrowly escaped being fined.
I was on my way home when something terrible happened.
I was listening to music I heard someone calling for help.
I quickly turned around, just in time to see the whole process of the addicent.
2）表示事件发生的时间：
The event took place in the early morning.
The story happened the day I entered this university.
All through my college life, I couldn't forget...
In the years that followed...
No sooner had I arrived there than I realized the trip would be unusual.
3）表现作者的心理活动：
I could hardly believe my eyes.
I felt as if I were on top of the world.
I was completely shocked.
I was bursting with joy.（欣喜若狂）
4）描写人物外貌和性格：
He is of medium height.
He is good-looking / ordinary-looking.
She is plump / slim, with fair skin and cruly hair.
He looks handsome in a sports suit / blue jeans.
He is of mild / bad temper.
He never stops studying / complaining.
He shows great interest in classic music.
At first glance, you would say he is the perfect image of an obedient boy, but deep
down, he is not that way at all.
（乍一看，你可能会觉得他是个很听话的孩子，但骨子里，他并非那样。

）5）描写物体：
It comes in a variety of colors / shapes.
It consists of several integrated parts.
It is shaped like a circle.
It is flat in shape and small in size.
Attached to the bottom is...
6）描写景物：
There is a wonderful array of flowers along the street.（街道旁是一排美丽的花朵。

）
The air is filled with the scent of roses.
The trees stood there on guard for generations, with branches reaching out like a
canopy over the road.
（这些树世世代代驻守在那里，其树枝伸展开来，像华盖一样遮蔽着马路。

）
I feel miserably insignigicant approaching the mountain.
Even judguing by modern standards, the town was large in population.
The campus has a unique atmosphere.
◆图表作文
⏹模板：
1）第一段：描述现状。

简要描述图表，概括图表所表现的社会问题，不要出现过于具
体的数据。

第二段：分析原因。

剖析图表所反映的深层次问题。

用图表数据来论证第一段提出的主题，或者分析各个数据产生的原因。

要注意文中的论点应该用图表中
的数据来支持。

第三段：结论和启示。

从图表所体现的现象获得结论和启示，或者对图表所表现的趋势加以预测。

第一段：As is clearly shown in the chart, ....（图表总体描述，指明时间段）
Especially, ....（指出突出的变化）
第二段：There are three factors leading to the change.（分析原因）
T o begin with, ....（原因一）
In addition, ....（原因二）For example, ....（举例说明）
Last but not least, ....（原因三）
T o sum up, ....（简要总结）
第三段：As for me, ....（自己的观点）
On the one hand, ....（一方面）
On the other hand, ....（另一方面）
In brief, ....（总结）
第一段：According to the figures given in the table, ….（图表总体描述）
Especially, ….（指出突出的变化）
第二段：There are at least two good reasons for ….（引出原因）
Firstly, ….（原因一）
In the old days, ….（比较过去的情况）
But now, ….（现在）
Secondly, ….（原因二）
As a result, ….（简要概括）
第三段：As far as I am concerned, ….（概述自己的观点）
On the one hand, ….（一方面）
On the other hand, ….（另一方面）
常用句式：
1）篇首：
As is shown in the table / chart, the number of students enrolled dropped to 1,000 in 2005.
As we can see from the chart / As is shown in the table / According to the table, the
price of oil increased dramatically.
The figures in the chart reflect that / The statistics show that / The numbers in the graph reveal that people’s income has been increasing steadily.
The graph suggests / shows / indicates / illustrates that there has been a sharp decline / rise in the population in this region.
It is clear / apparent that the output of this type of products is rising / dropping.
2）数据变化常用句型：
表示数据增长：
①The number of …﹡has grown steadily to 1,000 in 2005.
﹡has risen from …
﹡shows a tendency to increase
﹡climbed
﹡went sharply up
﹡soared
﹡tends to go up
﹡tends to increase
②There was a ﹡rapid ﹡rise in the number of students.
﹡sharp ﹡increase
﹡dramatic
﹡gradual
﹡slow
③The number of students is ﹡on the rise.
﹡on the increase.
④The increase of ... in the city has reached to 20%...
表示数据降低：
①The number of ... ﹡dropped steadily from ... to ... in 2006.
﹡declined suddenly
﹡fell
﹡fends to go down
﹡tends to fall
﹡shows a tendency to decrease
②There was a ﹡sharp fall in the number of ... in 2006.
﹡gradual decrease
﹡sudden reduction
﹡slow decline
﹡drop
表示数据持平：
①In 2006, the number of ... remains ﹡the same.
﹡steady.
﹡stable.
﹡constant.
﹡level.
②There was ﹡little change in the number of ... between ... and ...
﹡hardly any change
③There was a slight fluctuation in the number of ... from ... to ...
表示比较、倍数、比例关系：
①be in ﹡direct ratio to / with 成正比
﹡inverse ratio to / with 成反比
②have the largest ﹡percentage of占最大比例
﹡proportion
③The number of ... ﹡makes up fifty percent of the total.
﹡takes up
﹡accounts for
......占总量的50％。

④Compared with ..., ... has a ﹡higher percentage.
﹡lower
与......相比，......所占的百分比较大/ 较小。

⑤... is ﹡twice ﹡the amount in ...
﹡three times ﹡as many as ...
﹡four times ﹡as much as ...
⑥... is ranked first, followed by ... at ... percent and ... at ... percent.
...... 排列第一，......和......位居其后，分别占......
⑦The situation reached a peak at ... percent in ...
......于......达到最高值。

3）结论：
From the analyses above, we can draw / come to the conclusion that ...
From the date we gathered from the above graph, we can conclude that ...
According to the information gathered above, we may reach the conclusion that ...
We can make a conclusion from the above that ...。