基于智能仪表和PLC系统的液位控制系统设计

本科生毕业论文（设计）

题目：基于智能仪表和PLC的液位控制系统设计

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摘要

微电子技术和计算机技术的不断发展，引起了仪表结构的根本性变革，以微型计算机（单片机）为主体，将计算机技术和检测技术有机结合，组成新一代“智能化仪表”，在测量过程自动化、测量数据处理及功能多样化方面与传统仪表的常规测量电路相比较，取得了巨大进展。智能仪表不仅能解决传统仪表不易或不能解决的问题，还能简化仪表电路，提高仪表的可靠性，更容易实现高精度、高性能、多功能的目的。

可编程控制器(Programmable Logic Controller---PLC)是一种应用广泛非常的自动控制装置，它将传统的继电器控制技术、计算机技术和通讯技术融为一体，具有控制能力强、操作灵活方便、可靠性高、适宜长期连续工作的特点，非常适合液位控制的要求。

本文介绍了基于智能仪表、西门子S7-300型可编程控制器（PLC）、组态软件的液位控制系统的设计方案。系统采用PID算法，实现液位的自动控制。利用组态软件设计人机界面，通过串行口和可编程控制器通信，实现控制系统的实时监控、现场数据的采集与处理。

实验证明，控制系统效果比较令人满意，具有较大的工程实用价值。

关键词：液位控制；智能仪表；可编程控制器；PID；人机界面

Abstract

Nowadays intelligent measuring appliance is improving more and more quickly.It has been used in more an more place of our life.It can make Electric circuit much easier than before.And the control can be realized much more precise and convenient. Microelectronics and computer technology continues to develop, led to fundamental changes in the structure of instruments to micro-computer (single chip) as the main body, the computer technology and the organic integration of detection technology to form a new generation of "smart meters" in Measurement of process automation, measurement data processing and functional diversification of the traditional instrument, compared to conventional measuring circuit, tremendous progress has been made.

PLC is a very useful control installment . It is widely used in a lot of control system in ourlives. It is the product of the computer,control,communication technology.It can make Electric circuit much easier than before.And the control can be realized much more precise and convenient.It very suits the control of water level. It will relay the traditional control technology, computer and communication technologies together with the control, and operation of flexible convenient, high reliability, suitable for continuous long-term characteristics of the work, very suitable for liquid level control requirements.

This thesis mainly introduces a design of water level control system with intelligent measuring appliance,SIMATIC programmable logic controller (PLC) and configuration soft. This system adopts increment type Proportional-Integral-Differential arithmetic to realize the water level automation. For convenience to monitor the system and process data in actual time, we have designed Human Machine Interface（HMI）with configuration soft. The result of experimentation indicates that this system could run quickly, accurately and stably which accords with our aim perfectly.

This system has been used widely in the temperature control system field for its low cost and high stabilization advantages.Experiment proved that the control system more satisfactory results, with more practical engineering value.

Keywords: Water Level Control；Intelligent measuring appliance；PLC；PID；HMI