上海市松江区2014届高三英语一模试卷(含答案及听力文字)
2014年上海高考英语试卷word版含答案
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Gel her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.C. It made the mayor’s view clearer.D. It earned the mayor’s sp eech accurately. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. he cabins and facilitiesD. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing B. A special communityC. A splendid mountainD. A successful businesswomanQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cantC. How unmarried people surviveD. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Tra velers’ Survey SheetTravel purpose: for a(n) 17 in LondonComments on the airport environment / facilities:Likes: •18•19 walkwaysDislikes:• 20 shops•small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What is critical thinking in reading? Assessing the w riter’s ideas and thinking about the 21 of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academic text critically? Finding out the argument and the writer's main line of 22 .What may serve as the evidence? 23 , survey results, examples, etc.What is the key to critical thinking? To read actively and 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local caféas a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on theproject. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far (37)______ (appropriate) In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alertB. classifyC. commitD. delicatelyE. gentleF. imposeG. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does MotherNature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can theylie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying,but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behavedishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps themsurvive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want to hit the gymmore regularly this year. How doyou make that happen? Considerputting the habit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there's a cue, something that tellsyour brain to operate automatically.Then there's a routine. And finally, areward, which helps your brainlearn to desire the behavior. It'swhat you can use to create-orbreak-habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, then pick.a reward-say, a piece of chocolatewhen you get home from the gym.That way, the cue and the rewardbecome interconnected. Finally,when you see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward,which will make it easier to workout day after day. The best part? Ina couple of weeks, you won't needthe chocolate at all. Your brain willcome to see the workout itself asthe reward. Which is the wholepoint, right?70. Which of the following best fitsin the box with a “?” in THEHABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or anEnglish newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really,really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control adark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives.Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
上海市松江二中2014届高三下学期摸底考试英语试题
上海市松江二中2014届高三下学期摸底考试英语试题I. Listening Comprehension (略)II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (16’)[来源:]Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge (25)________ scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment. (26)________ second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, (27)________ seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity—he wants to find out how and (28)________ the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships (29)________ if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the (30)________ (exist) conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this (31)________ (involve).He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly (32)________ the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.BCrying is hardly an activity (33)________ (encourage) by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, on joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. But (34)________ (judge) from recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.Humans are the only animals definitely known (35)________ (shed) emotional tears.(36)________ evolution has given rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological response, it is logical to assume (37)________ crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to bring about assistance from others, the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. V ocal cries would have been quiteenough, (38)________ (likely) than tears to gain attention, So, it appears, there (39)________ be something special about tears themselves.Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress, University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals (40)________ (find) only in tears that are shed in response to e motion. Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.Section B (10’)Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beof the most ____41____ phenomenon of the digital age: the selfie. It has been named as word of the year by Oxford Dictionaries.[来源:]The word has __42___ from a niche social media tag into a mainstream for a self-portrait photograph, the editors said. Research suggested its ___43___ in the English language had increased by 17,000% in the last year, they added.Selfie is __44___ by Oxford Dictionaries as “a photograph that one has taken of oneself, __45____ with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social, media website.” Its increase in use is ___46____ by Oxford Dictionaries using a research program that collects around 150 million English words ___47___ in use from around the web each month. This software can be used to track the___48____ of new words and __49____ changes in geography, ___50____ , and frequency of use.Sefie can be traced back to 2002 when it was used in an Australian online forum, according to Oxford Dictionaries.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15’)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearer’s51 , personality and social outlook.52 clothes are such an important source of social information, we can use them to manipulate (操纵) people’s 53 of us. Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur. An elderly middle-class man or woman may be 54 by a young adult who is dressed in a popular manner, 55 the person’s education, background, or interests.People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Young women can easily agree on the 56 of girls who wear certain outfits, including the kind of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink. Newscasters, or the announcers who read the news on TV, are considered to be more 57 , honest, and competent when they are dressed in a formal way.And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their interpersonal relationships say they are concerned about the clothes they 58 wear to play these roles successfully. Moreover, many of us can relate instances 59 the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain 60 when you looked forward to a stressful situation, such as a job interview, or a court appearance.In the workplace, men have long had well-defined examples or role models for achieving success. It has been 61 for women. A good many women in the business world are 62 about the appropriate mixt ure of “manhood” and “feminine” (女性特征) property they should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing 63 to women has also been greater than that available for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more 64 for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine” dressing—shorter hair, moderate use of make-up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed, “An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer 65 , but she won’t get a job.”51. A. purpose B. taste C. background D. view52. A. While B. Since C. Until D. If53. A. impression B. decision C. intention D. information54. A. replaced B. influenced C. loved D. distanced55. A. due to B. regardless of C. apart from D. as a result of56. A. families B. lifestyles C. marriage D. origin57. A. good-looking B. hard-working C. convincing D. challenging58. A. must B. may C. can D. might59. A. as B. that C. where D. what60. A. sympathy B. confidence C. time D. success61. A. moreover B. less C. just D. otherwise62. A. sure B. uncertain C. shy D. particular63. A. prices B. choices C. colors D. materials64. A. favorably B. formally C. patiently D. carefully65. A. praise B. application C. training D. InterviewSection B (24’)Directions:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The rich have traditionally passed their wealth on to their children. But an increasing number of multimillionaires are choosing not to. The reason? They want their children to earn their salt - and not to turn into spoiled successors.Nicola Horlick - or “supermum”, a famous British millionaire, owing to the fact that she has high-flying jobs and five kids - has spent her career making a reported £25m. She now seems determined to throw off large parts of it. She already gives away about 25% of her income each year; she has just revealed, in a report on the state of charity in the city, that she will not be leaving most of the remainder to her children. “I think it is wrong to give too much inherited wealth to children,” Horlick told the report's authors. “I will not be leaving all my wealth to my children because that would just ruin their lives.”She is by no means the first to go public with this belief. Bill Gates has ploughed anestimated $30bn into the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This was supplemented, in 2006, by another £24bn or so from his friend Warren Buffett.Buffett has always been colorfully, quotably clear on where he stands. His daughter often tells a story of finding herself without change for a car parking ticket - her father lent her $20, then promptly made her write him a cheque. “To suggest that the children of the wealthy should be just as wealthy," he has said, "is like saying the members of America's 2004 Olympics team should be made up only of the children of the 1980 Olympics team.”Anita Roddick, the late founder of the Body Shop, told her kids that they would not inherit one penny. She said, “The money that we make from the company goes into the Body Shop Foundation, which isn’t one of those awful tax shelters, like some in America. It just functions to take the money and give it away.”66. The millionaires mentioned in the passage don’t want to leave much of their wealth to theirchildren because ______________.A. they prefer to give their wealth to charity.B. they want their business to go on healthily.C. they believe too much wealth will harm their children.D. they hope their children can make money themselves.67. What do we learn about Nicola Horlick?A. She has already given away about 25% of her wealth.B. She is the first one who declares to give away her wealth.C. She will leave only a small portion of her wealth to her kids.D. She inherited most of her wealth from her parents.68. According to Buffett’s daughter, her father __________.A. always makes sure that she returns his moneyB. wants her to invest in the Olympic GamesC. never gives her more money than necessaryD. refuses to lend her money69. It is implied in the last paragraph that some foundations are used by the rich to __________.A. provide shelter for the poorB. build good fameC. support their businessD. avoid paying tax(B)International Studies (BA)Key features● Recognizes the “global community”● Has close connections with practical research● Much of the teaching is done in small discussion groupsAbout the courseThe course gives you chances to know great power politics between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank. The course puts theories into the working of the international system with close attention to particular countries. You will also have a better knowledge of methods of solving the international problems.Related（相关的）coursesBA (Hons) Community ManagementBA (Hons) Public Policy and ManagementEmployment possibilitiesInternational organizationsInternational businessEarth Science (BSc)Key features● Based on key courses and the latest research findings● Pa ys much attention to practical skills● Offers chances for fieldworkAbout the courseThe demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind. Graduates in Earth Science will play an important role in meeting this demand, and in knowing the meaning of using the natural resources. The course covers geography and geology. You will carry out fieldwork in the UK and possibly overseas, and a research in an area of interest to you in the final year.Related coursesBSc (Hons) GeographyBSc (Hons) GeologyEmployment possibilitiesMineral, oil, water or other related engineering industries70. International Studies is a course in ________．A．international polities B．international businessC．international systems D．international bodies71．After taking the course of International Studies, the students will ______.A．become practical and open-mindedB．have a greater ability to discuss theoriesC．know how to settle international problemsD．have good jobs in any international organizations72．Earth Science, as described in the second text, ________.A．is attractive because of the chances for fieldworkB．pays more attention to practical skills than theoriesC．is built on important courses and the results of recent studiesD．encourages students to play a role in using natural resources73．It can be inferred that the above two texts are written for the students who _______.A．enjoy research work B．plan to choose coursesC．study in the UK D．are interested in overseas fieldwork(C)There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane so that people on the way can take adequate precautions. Satellite images of cloud patterns can be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds, but the estimates are often way off the mark. Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly, but the flights are costly.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way: listening to a storm underwater.In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, Nicholas C. Makris and a former graduate student, Joshua D. Wilson, report a strong connection between the intensity of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it. They say that such microphones, known as hydrophones, could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson, who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005 paper. “To be very frank with you, it’s a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater.” Dr. Makris said. The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory, and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500 feet by the National Atmospheric and OceanicAdministration. It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999, and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time. The hydrophone data showed sound intensity rising when the storm’s outside wind “wall” passed over, and again when the in side wall, the most destructive part of the storm near the eye, passed over. “We got a beautiful connection,” Dr. Makris said, “between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds as measured by the aircraft.”Dr. Makris is conducting additional experiments, working with the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico. The eventual goal, he said, would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.74. Compared with the traditional methods, the new way of measuring is_____.A. more expensiveB. more directC. less dangerousD. less accurate75. Which statement is WRONG according to the article?A. The scientists gained support from different fields.B. Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.C. The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and theforce of the hurricane.D. There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.76. Why is Dr. Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off thewest coast of Mexico?[来源:]A. To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.B. To collect more images of cloud patterns.C. To be secure in carrying out their experiments.D. To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Ways to Stop the Destructive Force of a HurricaneB. Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a HurricaneC. Hydrophones, Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane ForceD. Measuring a Hurricane by Sound UnderwaterSection DDirections:Read the following passage. Write your answer to the questions and complete the unfinished statements according to the information given in the passage you just read.How good are you at saying "no"? For many, it's surprisingly difficult. This is especially true of editors, who by nature tend to be eager and engaged participants in everything they do. Consider these situations:It's late in the day. That front-page package you've been working on is nearly complete; one last edit and it's finished. Enter the executive editor, who makes a suggestion requiring a more-than-modest rearrangement of the design and the addition of an information box. You want to scream: "No! It's done!" What do you do?The first rule of saying no to the boss is don't say no. She probably has something in mind when she makes suggestions, and it's up to you to find out what. The second rule is don't raise the stakes by challenging her authority. That issue is already decided. The third rule is to be ready to cite options and consequences. The boss's suggestions might be appropriate, but there are always consequences. She might not know about the pages backing up that need attention, or about thedesigner who had to go home sick. Tell her she can have what she wants, but explain the consequences. Understand what she's trying to accomplish and propose a Plan B that will make it happen without destroying what you've done so far.Here's another case. Your least-favorite reporter suggests a dumb story idea. This one should be easy, but it's not. If you say no, even politely, you risk inhibiting further ideas, not just from that reporter, but from others who heard that you turned down the idea. This is common in newsrooms that lack a systematic way to filter story suggestions.Two steps are necessary. First, you need a system for how stories are proposed and reviewed. Reporters can tolerate rejection of their ideas if they believe they were given a fair hearing. Your reaction by instinct and dismissive rejection, even of a worthless idea, might not qualify as systematic or fair.Second, the people you work with need to negotiate a "What if ...?" agreement covering "What if my idea is turned down?" How are people expected to react? Is there an appeal process? Can they refine the idea and resubmit it? By anticipating "What if...?" situations before they happen, you can reach understanding that will help ease you out of confrontations.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.) 78. What does the writer suggest you should do in the first rule instead of directly saying no toyour boss?79. The author's second warning is that we should avoid________________________.80. How should you respond to your boss's suggestion?81. To ensure fairness to reporters, it is important to____________________________.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. Translation（22’）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.所有出席会议的人都极力反对他提出的建议。
2014上海松江区高考英语一模试题及答案解析
2014上海松江区高考英语一模试题及答案解析（满分150分，完卷时间120分钟）2014.1第Ⅰ卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A（10分）Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a grocery store. B. At an oil market.C. At a science museum.D. At a gallery.2. A. What to take up as a hobby. B. How to keep fit.C. How to handle pressure.D. What to play with.3. A. A teacher. B. An electrician.C. A dentist.D. A salesman.4. A. The man is expecting the telephone. B. He doesn’t usually get calls at this time.C. He doesn’t believe the woman.D. He has had too many phone calls.5. A. 145 minutes. B. 120 minutes.C. 130 minutes.D. 160 minutes.6. A. Give him a map. B. Cut his hair for him.C. Drive him to the pool.D. Show him another route.7. A. Mary is far from being ready. B. Mary is not going to the airport.C. Mary is unwilling to pack her luggage.D. Mary will finish packing her luggage soon.8. A. In a different way. B. In a display-room.C. From the woman.D. From an advertisement.9. A. Colleagues. B. Classmates.C. Employer and employee.D. Mother and son.10. A. Go for a picnic. B. Help his sister move.C. Go out of town.D. See a movie.Section B （12分）Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. What to do when you are caught in a fire.B. How to help others in a fire.C. When to leave the burning house.D. Why to call 119 when it is on fire.12. A. Because taking the lift is so slow.B. Because the fire can burn you.C. Because the lift may keep you safe.D. Because the lift may not work.13. A. Feel whether the door is cool before opening it.B. Keep down close to the floor.C. Call 120 in case of emergency.D. Shout loudly to remind the others.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The woman will be punished.B. They will become friends.C. The man will be punished.D. They will be husband and wife.15. A. Romantic. B. Clever. C. Friendly. D. Humorous.16. A. To please him.B. To make the police believe he had broken the traffic rule.C. To make fun of him.D. To celebrate the chance God gave them.Section C （8分）Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（16分）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)English is (25) ________ (widely) used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings (26) ________ speak it. More than half of the world’s books and three quarters of international mail are in English. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary — perhaps as many as two million words.However, let’s face it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in (27) ________ eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweet-meats are candy, while sweetbreads, (28) ________ aren’t sweet, are meat.We take English (29) _______ granted. But when we explore its paradoxes (矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.And why is it (30) ________ a writer writes, but fingers don’t fing, grocers don’t groce, and hammers don’t ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn’t the plural of booth be beeth?How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?So far English, (31) ________ (invent) by people not computers, (32) ________ (reflect) the creativity of human beings.（B）The (33) ________ (ring) bell indicated the end of the last class on Friday afternoon. Students swarmed out of the classrooms and headed back to their dormitories. Only Xiao Di headed to another classroom. ―Go ahead and have dinner. Don’t wait for me,‖ the 20-year-old told her friends. ―I have to get to a good seat for my minor subject.‖Like Xiao, many students are signing up for minor subjects in their spare time. (34) ________ the reasons are different, they all believe that taking a minor subject is a rewarding experience.Li Keren, 22, is a senior who (35) ________ (involve) in finance at Tianjin University of Finance & Economics now. He enrolled in international finance as his minor subject and managed to stay on top in (36) ________ of his major and minor subjects.―Different from most students, I pay equal attention to my major and minor subject,‖ he says. He thinks that students have signed up for minor subjects (37) ________ they have the energy and time to do so. The disadvantage of (38) ________ (pay) less attention to a minor subject, according to Li, is (39) ________ students may not get a comprehensive understanding of the subject.Therefore, what students should do is (40) ________ (devote) the same energy and time to their major subject as before, while sacrificing their spare time to work on their minor subject. ―Considering your future, it’s a worthwhile effort,‖ he says.Section B （10分）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When asked about one interview candidate who impressed her most, Christine, an HR manager at an investment company cited an example of a(n) 41 who had prepared well. ―He seemed very prepared to work for our company during the interview. He 42 good research on the company’s core business and also the industry in general,‖ she said.This suggests that HR managers expect candidates to do their homework 43 , but how? Here are some tips to 44 your chances of getting a job.Search the Web and research the 45 of the company and the people who you think are going to be interviewing you. Learn exactly what it is that they do and how you would fit in with the company. Mo st importantly, try to understand the ―culture‖ of the company, which is to say its underlying 46 ; the HR departments often state missions and give 47 statements. You need to communicate in a way that 48 their company standards; this will show that you can fit in that organization. Understand a little of what their 49 are doing. This will show that you’ve bothered to find out where their position in the market is.Just as important is your own personal preparation. Think about the key things you want to communicate and why you would be ideal for the job. Think about how you can sound 50 without sounding desperate -- how you can sell yourself.Generally, wear a suit (and also a tie for guys), but the dress code depends on the job you are going for. When you study the company culture, check what is expected in this area also.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that 51 consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but finally failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many people owe Kodak’s downfall to ―complacency (自满)‖, that 52 turns to a blind eye to the long time which the company spent in reinventing itself. Decades ago, Kodak foresaw that digital photography would unavoidably 53 film — and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a 54 decision, the company chose to 55 its new discovery and went on focusing on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was 56 to the future, but rather that it failed to carry out a strategy to face it, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School. By the time the company realized its 57 , it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but 58 failed. Large companies have a difficult time 59 into new markets because they always attempt to put existing assets(资产) into the new businesses.Although Kodak predicted the 60 rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too 61 the successes of the past. Therefore, it is impossible for them to make the clean break, which is necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a burden.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was 62 . In 1976, its products 63 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new 64 from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which defeated Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s 65 not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The golden chance went to Fuji instead, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.51. A. prepared B. preferred C. pioneered D. promised52. A. result B. explanation C. purpose D. measure53. A. charge B. overcome C. replace D. resist54. A. fruitful B. fateful C. useful D. hopeful55. A. share B. show C. shift D. shelf56. A. sensitive B. blind C. accessible D. resistant57. A. mistake B. decision C. fear D. concept58. A. eventually B. necessarily C. flexibly D. naturally59. A. switching B. looking C. falling D. plunging60. A. critical B. reasonable C. inevitable D. essential61. A. related to B. concerned about C. involved in D. trapped in62. A. common B. average C. regular D. dramatic63. A. decided on B. contributed to C. accounted for D. benefited from64. A. chance B. competition C. hope D. means65. A. decision B. effort C. regret D. accessSection B （24分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is Followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Want a glimpse of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient – no matter where he or she may be.Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptoms are the most obvious examples. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis (telemedicine) will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using an off-the-shelf (现成的) PDA (personal data assistance) such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patient’s vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first-aid kit (急救包), the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster response –especially after earthquakes. Overall, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertise.But there is one problem. Bandwidth (频带宽度) is the limiting factor for transmitting complexmedical images around the world –CT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes, wars or famines. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of distributed medical intelligence.Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should usher in (迎来) an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, expert opinion and diagnosis are common.66. The basis of remote diagnosis will be ____________.A. personal data assistanceB. standardized symptoms of a patientC. real physiological data from a patientD. transmitted complex medical images67. The sentence ―the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thingof the past‖ means ____________.A. patients used to cry and ask if there was a doctor in the houseB. now people probably will not ask if there is a doctor in the houseC. patients are now still asking if there is a doctor in the houseD. in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the house68. The word ―problem‖ in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that ____________.A. CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumersB. there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligenceC. communications satellites can only cope with the short-term needs during disastersD. bandwidth is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the world69. A proper title for the passage may be ____________.A. The Online Doctor Is inB. Improvement in CommunicationC. How to Make Remote DiagnosisD. Application of TelemedicineTicket valid (有效的) for 1 year from date of issue.Conditions:(1)The company will do its best to carry the passenger and luggage at the times advertised.Timetables may, however, change suddenly and flights be cancelled.(2) Passengers who arrive late and miss their flights will have to buy new tickets.(3) Any damage to luggage must be reported in writing within seven days.(4) If passengers carry more luggage than they are allowed, they must pay extra.(5) Passengers must have with them all the necessary official papers.(6) Passengers must pay their own airport tax.(7) Passengers may carry a small bag with them on to the plane. It must not weigh more than 7kg.It must be put in an overhead locker or on the floor under the seat in front of the passenger.(8) Passengers may not carry any sharp objects on to the aeroplane.(9) Dangerous objects may not be put in luggage. Acids, things which catch fire easily and poisonsare not allowed.(10) Passengers must do as the captain orders them.(11) No smoking is allowed anywhere on the aeroplane.(12) Mobile phones and similar pieces of equipment must be switched off.70. Which of these actions is not against the conditions?A. Forgetting your passport.B. Smoking in the toilets.C. Carrying a mobile phone.D. Having a pair of scissors in your hand luggage.71. According to the passage, which statement is NOT TRUE?A. You can change the dates of travel during a twelve-month period.B. The airline must accept responsibility if a flight does not happen.C. The cost of the ticket does not include airport tax.D. The captain has full authority on his plane.72. How much luggage may the passenger take free of charge on this ticket?A. 30 kg.B. 37 kg.C. 60 kg.D. 67 kg.(C)Scientists have long believed one way to stop the Earth’s atmosphere from warming is by planting more trees. The idea is that more trees will take in or absorb some of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a gas released by cars, factories and other human activities. The gas traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, which warms the planet. However, two new studies have found that trees may not be as helpful in reducing carbon dioxide as thought.The first study was done at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Researchers pumped extra carbon dioxide into a test area where pine trees were growing. The trees grew thirty-four percent faster during the first three years. However, in time, the trees slowed to about their normal growth rate. The scientists say this is because trees need other nutrients, such as nitrogen.In the second study, researchers from Duke and Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine examined the soil around trees. They discovered that as the leaves broke down into the soil, all the carbon was not trapped in the soil. Much of it was released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.The findings of the two studies were published last month in Nature magazine. They suggest there is limited value in planting trees to reduce the carbon dioxide pollution in the atmosphere.Forest planting has been a part of negotiations on a world agreement to reduce greenhousegases that scientists believe cause global warming. The United States, Canada, Japan and some other industrial countries have supported the idea. But this new research suggests the idea is not as effective as environmental activists had thought. Scientist Ram Oren of Duke University led the study on tree growth. He says that earlier estimates on the ability of forests to absorb carbon dioxide were overly hopeful.Some scientists not involved in the studies say the research provides some of the firstevidence on how trees react to carbon dioxide. Other scientists say the research disputes a belief among some coal and power companies. The companies say that more carbon dioxide in theatmosphere will not create harmful global warming. Instead, they say it will increase forests and other plants.73. What is the purpose of this passage?A. Introduce some new ideas about the relationship between trees and carbon dioxide.B. Introduce recent condition of global industrial pollution.C. Call on people to plant more trees to reduce greenhouse gases.D. Point out that power companies should be responsible for the rising levels of carbon dioxide.74. Why did the researchers put trees in extra carbon dioxide in the first study?A. To learn whether trees can still absorb carbon dioxide under extreme conditions.B. To get more oxygen from these trees.C. To evaluate the maximum carbon dioxide that trees can absorb.D. To see the effect of carbon dioxide on the growth rate of these trees.75. What happened to the leaves falling from the trees in the second study?A. They broke down and the main parts turned into oxygen.B. They broke down and the carbon content had mainly turned into carbon dioxide.C. They broke down and the carbon content was mainly absorbed in the soil.D. They absorbed more carbon dioxide.76. Scientist Ram Oren thinks that common beliefs of the tree’s ability to absorb carbon dioxideare ____________.A. appropriateB. pessimisticC. over-optimisticD. convincing77. The word ―dispute‖ (Line 2, Para.6) probably refers to ____________.A. questionB. supportC. maintainD. acceptSection C （8分）Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An attorney is an agent authorized to act for a person or concern. An attorney at law, or lawyer, is an officer of a court of law who acts as an agent in legal proceedings. This means that lawyers must serve two masters. One master is the client. Lawyers use the law and the legal system to protect and serve the needs of clients. The other master is the law itself. Lawyers must uphold the law, which is based on the U.S. Constitution, written legislation, and past court decisions.Almost all aspiring lawyers attend a law school approved by the bar association of the state in which they want to practice. A bar association is a professional group for lawyers. The term bar is taken from the historic structure of a courtroom. A lawyer who has ―passed the bar‖ could step beyond the bar or railing that separated members of the public from those involved in proceedings. Each state offers its own bar examination. Some states recognize attorneys qualified elsewhere, but most states require attorneys to pass that state’s bar exam before they can practice there.The law is extremely complex and changes constantly as new legislation is issued and new interpretations win favorable rulings in the courts. Every aspect of life, from artistic production and sports to taxes, is a specialty area in law. Two specialties are corporate law and criminal law.A corporate attorney handles legal matters for businesses. Much of this work involves affairssuch as employment contracts, arrangements for loans, rental agreements, and joints with other companies. Sometimes businesses must appear in court, in which case they need a corporate attorney who is also a litigator (律师诉讼人). Litigation is a conflict that is taken to court. A litigator files the lawsuit and helps the client resolve the conflict, either by negotiating a settlement or by presenting arguments in court.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.）78. The two masters lawyers must serve are ___________________________________________.79. What is the function of the bar or railing?___________________________________________________________________________.80. With constant changing of the law, ___________________________ is a specialty area in law.81. How can a corporate attorney help the client to settle the problem?___________________________________________________________________________.第Ⅱ卷（47分）I. Translation （22分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 生态旅游似乎正在全世界迅速发展。
2014年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(笫1—12页）和第Ⅱ卷(第13页），全卷共13页.所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上,在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷 (共103分）I。
Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。
The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1。
A. policewoman.B。
A judge。
C. A reporter。
D. A waitress.2. A. Confident。
B. Puzzled。
C. Satisfied。
D。
Worried.3.A。
At a restaurant.B。
At a car rental agency。
C. In a bank。
D。
In a driving school.4.A. A disaster. B。
2014届上海市各区高三英语一模——回答问题汇编
宝山区Millions of personal computers across the world are running at this moment, but most are using just a fraction of their full capacity to process information. Imagine what could happen if the spare power of these millions of machines were used to solve global problems.The organization Charity Engine attempts to do just that. It enables researchers and companies to use the extra computing power of thousands of personal computers. These companies pay a usage fee that goes to carefully selected charities.The computersCharity Engine offers a free app that has the user‟s computer do research as a background task. The program runs automatically, without direction from the user. Each computer works on a small chunk of a larger project and sends back its results. The results are combined to answer the researchers‟ questions.The researchersCharity Engine mostly uses its computing power for companies doing scientific, medical or commercial research. For example, Rosetta@home attempts to help find cures for serious diseases by discovering the shapes of proteins. Another project, Einstein@Home, tests scientific theories. And another helps establishments in Africa such as universities search for ways to fight the spread of malaria.The CharitiesCharity Engine gives 50 percent of the profits from renting out computing power to various charities. Each organization it supports has a good reputation for working in an area of vital importance. Most of them seek to address the primary causes of poverty while bringing short-term relief. These include Oxfam, a network of organizations in 94 countries. Another is CARE International, one of the three largest international aid agencies, which works in 87 countries. Charity Engine also supports Doctors Without Borders, which supplies medical care, and WaterAid, which provides safe water and promotes hygiene(卫生) in developing countries. Another of its charities, Sightsavers, works to prevent and reverse blindness through medical treatments and provides training for the blind. Charity Engine helps many other organizations as well.An added bonusCharity Engine returns the other 50 percent of its earnings to the people who made it all possible. The app users are entered into draws. Chosen at random, the winners receive thousands of dollars in prizes!Thanks to Charity Engine, computing power that would have gone to waste is fighting poverty and bringing healing and hope.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What does Charity Engine help companies do?___________________________________________________________________________.79. How does Charity Engine spend its earnings?___________________________________________________________________________.80. The computers selected by Charity Engine help researchers and companies through ________.81. According to the passage, besides many organizations, Charity Engine mostly supports _____.崇明县Britain‟s youngest iPad addict (有瘾的人) hasn‟t even started school yet. That‟s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought af ter the girl‟s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.Dr. Richard Graham, the girl‟s psychiatrist (精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reach of inf ants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes o f iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level zhucanqi of maturity to deal with such advanced technology. They can‟t cope and become addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow older, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.The UK‟s first technology addiction programme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It‟s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device. Motivation for creating the treatment programme pfzhizuo came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents £1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________.79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch t he UK‟s first technology addiction programme?81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should ______________________________________________________.奉贤区Most people look Forward to retirement as a time when they can inally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue beore. But some recent studies on people in their depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That‟s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.Led by Hugo Westerlund, a proessor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and atigue in people after they got tired while they were still employed.The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company or 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% ewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year beore their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical atigue over the same time period.Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental atigue can be traced back to relie rom the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous (养老金) that rench workers enjoy . Most retirees in that country still beneit rom about 80% o their yearly salaries.“The economic or inancial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says, “We don‟t know if the decrease in atigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal o something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comortable, then we won‟t see the improvements we did.”However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may aect retirees‟ health after they leave their jobs－with less of a financial saety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.78. According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like ___________.79. Westerlund‟s group ound that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both ___________.80. What does the word in paragraph 5 refer to?81. Retirement may make people happier with ___________.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)虹口区You are what you eat and fats are a main food for Asia‟s fast-food generation. Dr. Chwang, director of the Department of Food Nutrition, says children are consuming more meat and soft drinks. That is a thorough departure from the traditional diet of vegetables and rice and little meat. “They like big pieces of fried meat with a soft drink. So although they may eat the same volume of food, their calorie intake (卡路里摄入量) has increased. Now about 40 to 45 percent of their calories come from fat,” says Chwang.Although on the whole Asians tend towards thinness, Asians‟ hospitality（好客）is the first and foremost reason for the fatness of today‟s generation, according to Chwang. “Asian people love food,” she says. “Eating and drinking are important social and family functions.” In the past, however, big meals were only hosted on special occasions as people were more careful with money. In today‟s climate of wealth and remarkable consumption, 10-course meals are no longer reserved for significant occasions.Needless to say, that children are being spoilt by their parents is another cause of children‟s overweight. More than anyone else, children are on the receiving end of their parents‟ improved circumstance s. “In the past, people had four or more children —now, they have one or two, so they tend to spoil them,” says Chwang. “The easiest way is to give them …quality food‟. Parents think feeding them well is showing their love. They feel bad when their childre n look thin.”When describing the physical condition of most overweight Asian children, Chwang says: “There is a clear relationship between fatness and indoor play children spend too much time on. Children get fat because they don‟t move, and eventually, they don‟t want to move because they‟re fat. Thanks to technology, a growing army of children prefer video games to old outdoor sports. “What do children do when watching TV or sitting in front of the computer playing video games? They eat chocolate and dri nk Coke,” says Chwang.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Despite the same volume of food, children take in more calories due to ________.79. Thanks to ________, big meals nowadays are no longer enjoyed on special occasions.80. Why do some parents feel bad when their children look thin?81. According to Dr. Chwang, what are the three factors causing Asian children‟s overweight today?黄浦区The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal or moral rights of others. So the massacre (大屠杀) on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people just ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one‟s actions could bring death o r damages to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 percent of all automobile accidents can be connected with psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can affect drivers‟ reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one‟s emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not limited to drivers. Street walkers regularly ignore traffic regulations. They are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents; and many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.In the past few years, safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things present a threat to those withwhom they share the road.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Why road killers can‟t be excused?Because __________.79. In order to avoid automobile accidents, the experts suggest drivers should __________.80. Besides drivers, who should also be blamed for most roads accidents?81. The accident rate has decreased in the past few years because of __________.嘉定区Stress for a teenage r is as real a problem as stress for an adult. Therefore, it‟s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular activities(课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child‟s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.78. What does the passage mainly talk about?______________________________________________________.79. Poor academic performance causes stress for children because it tends ________________________________________________.80. How can parents know that their teenagers are under stress?They can know that if their children __________________________________________ 81. The common causes of stress in teenagers introduced by the author are:_________________________________________ and extra curricular activities.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN THIRTEEN WORDS)金山区However important we may regard school life to be, there is no denying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannotbe ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and frustrate curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents informed of the newer methods used in schools. Many principles have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing and developmental mathematics. Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The informal tea and the many interviews carried on during the year, as well as new ways of reporting pupils‟progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate (升华) his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a standard or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics, and at the same time, enjoying the work. Too often, however, teachers‟conferences with parents are devoted to petty(不重要的) accounts of children‟s misdeeds, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestion for penalties and rewards at home.What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents‟ minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom.In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters‟capacities.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements with NO MORE THAN 14 WORDS) 78. Why do parents also have great influence on children?_____________________________________________________________________________ 79. Through which ways can the teacher play an important role in enlightening parents?_____________________________________________________________________________ 80. According to the teacher, that parent should let the boy _____________________________ if he wants to sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels in teaching his son arithmetic.81. A more creative approach is needed for _____________________of children out of classroom. 静安区It is 2035. You have a job, a family and you are about 40 years old! Welcome to your future life.Getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. “Turn red,” you say. Your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. Tiny preprogrammed electronics are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. Looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you‟re 40. You look muchyounger. With amazing progress in medicine, people in your generation may live to be 150 years old. You are not even middle-aged!As you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal into a bowl, you hear, “To lose weight, you shouldn‟t eat that,” from your shoes. They read the tiny electronic code on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. You decide to listen to your shoes. “Kitchen, what can I have for breakfast?” A list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen checks its food supplies.“Ready for your trip to space?” you ask your son and daughter. In 2005 only specially trained astronauts went into space—and very few of them. Today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. Your best friend even works in space. Handing your children three strawberries each, you add, “The doctor said you need these for space travel.” Thanks to medical progress, vaccination shots (防疫针) are a thing of the past. Ordinary foods contain the vaccines. With the strawberries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.It‟s time for you to go to work. Your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. “My office, Autopilot,” you order. Your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway. You sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. The latest news downloads and fills the viewer. Looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it. (Notes: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. What changes the color of your shirt?79. The shoes know that yo u shouldn‟t eat the breakfast cereal by__________.80. What do the strawberries the children eat serve as?81. In the future, when you look through the pages in the e-newspapers, ___________.闵行区Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers‟ d esire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company‟s environmental reputation was not good enough.Harry Morrison, chief executive of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don‟t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon emission(排放) has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions.Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to convey clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing. “When companies are granted the standard, they can use a logo in all their marketing, which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,” Mr. Morrison said.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.)78. According to the passage, what is likely to influence shops on what to sell?79. A company may lose its regular customers unless ______________________.80. According to Harry Morrison, businesses will benefit from __________________.81. According to the last two paragraphs, companies can gain advantages by ____________.浦东新区Th e launch of the UK’s biggest online university venture has the potential to “revolutionise conventional models of formal education” and keep UK ahead in the global race to deliver the best education, says universities minister David Willetts.The FutureLearn project will see more than 20 institutions enter the global market to offer massive open online courses, or Moocs. Until now, the US has led the way in the creation of Moocs, catering to an estimated 3 million learners worldwide with hundreds of courses from a range of top institutions.Bath, Exeter, Birmingham, Edinburgh and Warwick are among the 21 UK universities that have signed up. The British Library, British Museum and British Council will also make material available to students. The venture, set up by the Open University, is a response to the rise of Moocs and will offer students a new and innovative way to access courses, says Martin Bean vice-chancellor of the Open University. Bean said, “Time and again we have seen the impact the Internet can have on industries — driving innovation and enhancing the customer experience. I have no doubt Moocs will do the same for education — offering people new and exciting ways to learn.”A senior academic at University College London — which has chosen not to be involved in FutureLearn —has questioned whether the Mooc model is the best road for universities to go down. Although free for students, online courses have some downsides. Stephen Caddick, professor at the university, says students want flexibility ab ove all. “Moocs are an online product of higher education currently experienced offline by a lot of students: inflexible”, said Caddick. “These courses are free to students, yet very expensive to develop for universities. ”Simon Nelson, CEO of FutureLearn, said university partners see this opportunity as “money extremely well spent”, helping them to boost their global profile and encourage experimentation and innovation within university departments. According to Nelson, FutureLearn will continue to expand its number of partners both in the UK and overseas, as well as develop its commercial model, which in the future could see students paying to take exams and purchase extra course material.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVEWORDS.)78. Besides revolutionizing traditional educational models, FutureLearn has the potential to ______________________.79. How many learners all over the world have benefited from the online courses offered by American universities?80. What are the two downsides of online courses mentioned by Stephen Caddic?81. What is the plan for FutureLearn according to Nelson?普陀区Being a social butterfly just might change your brain: In people with a large network of friends and excellent social skills, certain brain regions are bigger and better connected than in people with fewer friends, a new study finds.The research suggests a connection between social interactions and brain structure. “We're interested in how your brain is able to allow you to find the right way in complex social environments,” MaryAnn Noonan said, a neuroscientist (神经学家) at Oxford University. Studies in monkeys have shown that brain areas involved in face processing and in predicting the intentions of others are larger in animals living in large social groups than in ones living in smaller groups.To investigate these brain differences in humans, Noonan and her colleagues found 18 participants for a structural brain-imaging study. They asked people how many social interactions they had experienced in the past month, in order to determine the size of their social networks. As was the case in monkeys, some brain areas were enlarged and better connected in people with larger social networks. “These different brain regions are all singing different songs,” Noonan said. “Networked areas are all singing the same song, and when they're connected better, they're singing more harmoniously with each other.”The researchers also tested whether the size of a person's social network was linked with changes in white-matter pathways, the nerve fibers(纤维) that connect different brain regions. Again, they found that white-matter pathways were better connected in people with bigger social networks. "The nerves were more like a Los Angeles freeway than a country road," Noonan said.The researchers couldn't say whether social interaction caused these changes in brain structure and connectivity, or whether the brain determined how social someone was. In the case of the monkeys, the researchers asked and wrote down the size of the animals' social network, so they concluded that social-group size was causing the brain differences. It can be inferred that a similar process takes place in human brains, but to prove this, long-term studies are needed, Noonan told LiveScience.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The certain brain regions in people with fewer friends are ______.79. According to Noonan, the certain brain areas whose functions are to _________ are larger in more-sociable monkeys.80. How did Noonan and her colleagues know about the size of participants‟ social networks?81. According to the researcher‟s findings, what would make the brains of monkeys different?青浦区Every year in America, high-school students who want to go on to college take a national examination called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, or SAT in a shortened way. Their score is an important factor in determining which colleges will admit them or whether any will be admitted at a ll. The Scholastic Aptitude Test measures one‟s mathematical ability and use of the English language. Traditionally, the English portion involved grammatical questions and paragraphs that test reading comprehension.But the SAT folks have added a single question, to be answered in an essay, hand-written on the spot. That‟s an interesting way to test writing ability, but content aside, have you ever seen young people‟s handwriting lately? Or anyone‟s for that matter, in this age of computer keyboards? Students write numbers and sign their names on bank checks. They scribble class notes in what can generously be described as the written word. And they hand-write, or more often print, a word or two of identification on luggage and lunch bags. Otherwise, penmanship (书法) — once taught so morally and carefully by second-grade teachers, has gone the way of the dodo bird which has died out.Yet today‟s kids are asked to write, in a thoughtful and clear way, for several minutes on this SAT Test. Good luck to the test scorers who must work out difficultly what has been written by young people who‟ve been typing on computers since the age of three! Teachers insist that good handwriting can not only help one‟s score on the SAT, but also, later on in life, impress poten tial employers and get more tax money back because the tax inspectors can actually read the computations. And don‟t forget, we all have to rely on handwriting from time to time, as computers go down when the power goes out.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. In SAT, students will be tested on math, grammar, reading and__________________________________________________________.79. What does the underlined word “scribble” in paragraph 2 mean?__________________________________________________________.80. Why did the writer think test scorers would have a hard time?。
2014届高三第一学期期末调研测试英语试卷(含答案)
2014届高三第一学期期末调研测试英语试卷第I卷(三部分共85分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. At a hotel.B. At a canteen.C. At a supermarket.2. Why is the man going to the library?A. To borrow some books.B. To get his keys back.C. To return some books.3. What does the woman do to get rid of a cold?A. Stays in bed.B. Exercises her body.C. Takes some medicine.4. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Interviewer and interviewee.5. Who does the woman suggest the man speak to?A. Mr. Brown.B. Mary Miller.C. Mr. Smith.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
2014年高考真题英语听力试题、原文及答案(上海卷)
英语听力部分（上海卷）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn't planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor's speech.C. It made the mayor's view clearer.D. It carried the mayor's speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70. B. 20. C. 25. D. 75.12. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. Those who were unmarried.15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.听力部分答案1. A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B6.D7.A8.C9.C 10.B11.C 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.B17. conference18. daylight19. moving20. overcrowded21. implications and conclusions22. reasoning23. Figures24. keep questioning附：听力原文材料见下一页（图片形式）。
2014届松江区高三英语一模试卷及答案
松江区2013 学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语第I卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A（10 分）Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. At a grocery store.C. At a science museum.2. A. What to take up as a hobby.C. How to handle pressure.3. A. A teacher.C. A dentist.4. A. The man is expecting the telephone.C. He doesn ' t believe the woman.5. A. 145 minutes.C. 130 minutes.6. A. Give him a map.C. Drive him to the pool.7. A. Mary is far from being ready.C. Mary is unwilling to pack her luggage.8. A. In a different way.C. From the woman.9. A. Colleagues.C. Employer and employee. 10. A. Go for a picnic.C. Go out of town.B. At an oil market.D. At a gallery.B. How to keep fit.D. What to play with.B. An electrician.D. A salesman.B. He doesn ' t usually get calls at this time.D. He has had too many phone calls.B. 120 minutes.D. 160 minutes.B. Cut his hair for him.D. Show him another route.B. Mary is not going to the airport.D. Mary will finish packing her luggage soon.B. In a display-room.D. From an advertisement.B. Classmates.D. Mother and son.B. Help his sister move.D. See a movie.Section B （12 分）Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. What to do when you are caught in a fire.B. How to help others in a fire.C. When to leave the bur ning house.D. Why to call 119 when it is on fire.12. A. Because taking the lift is so slow.B. Because the fire can bur n you.C. Because the lift may keep you safe.D. Because the lift may not work.13. A. Feel whether the door is cool before opening it.B. Keep down close to the floor.C. Call 120 in case of emerge ncy.D. Shout loudly to remi nd the others.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The woma n will be puni shed.B. They will become frien ds.C. The man will be puni shed.D. They will be husba nd and wife.15. A. Roma ntic. B. Clever. C. Frie ndly. D. Humorous.16. A. To please him.B. To make the police believe he had broke n the traffic rule.C. To make fun of him.D. To celebrate the cha nee God gave them.Section C （8 分）Directions: In secti on C, you will hear two Ion ger con versati ons. The con versati ons will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the in formati on you have heard. Write your an swers on your an swer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (16 分)Directions: After readi ng the passages below, fill in the bla nks to make the passages cohere nt and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the give n word; for the other bla nks, use one word that best fits each bla nk.(A)En glish is (25) ________ (widely) used Ian guage in the history of our pla net. One in everyseven human beings (26) _________ speak it. More than half of the world ' books and threequarters of intern ati onal mail are in En glish. Of all la nguages, En glish has the largest vocabulary —perhaps as many as two millio n words.However, let 'face it: English is a crazy Ianguage. There is no egg in (27) _________________eggpla nt, n either pine nor apple in a pin eapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweet-meats are can dy, while sweetbreads, (28) ____________ aren ' t sweet, are meat.We take En glish (29) _____ gran ted. But whe n we explore its paradoxes (矛盾),we findthat quicksa nd can work slowly, box ing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.And why is it (30) ________ a writer writes, but fin gers don ' t fing, grocers don't gr hammers don ' t ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn f booth be b eehplural oHow can a slim cha nee and a fat cha nee be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the n ext?So far En glish, (31) _______ (invent) by people not computers, (32) ________ (reflect) thecreativity of huma n bein gs.(B)The (33) ________ (ring) bell in dicated the end of the last class on Friday after noon. Stude ntsswarmed out of the classrooms and headed back to their dormitories. Only Xiao Di headed to another classroom. “Goahead and have dinner. Don' twait for me," the 20-year-old told her frien ds. "I have to get to a good seat for my minor subject. "Like Xiao, many students are signing up for minor subjects in their spare time. (34) the reasons are different, they all believe that taking a minor subject is a rewarding experie nee.Li Keren, 22, is a senior who (35) __________ (involve) in finance at Tianjin University ofFinance & Economics now. He en rolled in intern ati onal finance as his minor subject and man aged to stay on top in (36) ________________________ o f his major and minor subjects.“ Different from most students, I pay equal attention to my major and minor subject, ays.He thinks that stude nts have sig ned up for minor subjects (37) _______ they have the en ergy andtime to do so. The disadvantage of (38) ____________ (pay) less attention to a minor subject,according to Li, is (39) __________ students may not get a comprehensive understanding of thesubject.Therefore, what stude nts should do is (40) _______ (devote) the same en ergy and time totheir major subject as before, while sacrifici ng their spare time to work on their mi nor subject.“ Considering your future, it ' s a worthwhile effort, ” he says.Section B (10 分)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more tha n you n eed.When asked about one in terview can didate who impressed her most, Christi ne, an HR manager at an investment company cited an example of a(n) 41 who had prepared well. “ Heseemed very prepared to work for our compa ny duri ng the in terview. He 42 good researchon the compa ny ' s core bus in ess and also the in dustry in gen eral, ” she said.This suggests that HR man agers expect can didates to do their homework 43 , but how?Here are some tips to 44 your cha nces of gett ing a job.Search the Web and research the 45 of the compa ny and the people who you think are going to be in terview ing you. Lear n exactly what it is that they do and how you would fit in with the company. Most importantly, try to understand the “ culture ” of the company, which is to say its underlying 46 : the HR departments often state missions and give 47 statements. Youn eed to com mun icate in a way that 48 their compa ny sta ndards; this will show that you can fit in that orga ni zati on. Un dersta nd a little of what their 49 are doing. This will show thatyou ' ve bothered to find out where their position in the market is.Just as importa nt is your own pers onal preparati on. Think about the key things you want to communicate and why you would be ideal for the job. Think about how you can sound _50 without sounding desperate -- how you can sell yourself.Gen erally, wear a suit (a nd also a tie for guys), but the dress code depe nds on the job you are going for. When you study the compa ny culture, check what is expected in this area also.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A (15 分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each bla nk with the word or phrase that best fits the con text.Kodak' s decisi on to file for ban kruptcy (破产) protect ion is a sad, though not un expected, turning point for a leading American corporation that 51 consumer photography and domin ated the film market for decades, but fin ally failed to adapt to the digital revolutio n.Although many people owe Kodak ' s downfacdmplacen“y (自满)” ,that 52 turnsto a blind eye to the long time which the company spent in reinventing itself. Decades ago, Kodak foresaw that digital photography would un avoidably 53 film —and in fact, Kodak inven tedthe first digital camera in 1975 — but in a 54 decisi on, the compa ny chose to 55 itsnew discovery and went on focus ing on its traditi onal film bus in ess.It wasn ' t that Kodak was 56 to the future, but rather that it failed to carry out a strategy to face it, said Rebecca Hen ders on, a professor at Harvard Bus in ess School. By the time the compa ny realized its 57 , it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spe nt a lot of money trying to do so, but 58 failed. Large compa nies have a difficult time 59into new markets because they always attempt to put existing assets （资产）into the new bus in esses.Although Kodak predicted the 60 rise of digital photography, its corporate （企业的）culture was too 61 the successes of the past. Therefore, it is impossible for them to make the clea n break, which is n ecessary to fully embrace the future. They were a compa ny stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a burden.Kodak' s downfall over the last several decades was 62 . In 1976, its products 6390% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new 64 from Japa nese film compa ny Fuji Photo, which defeated Kodak by offeri nglower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak 65 no ttcspursue the role of official filmfor the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The golden chance went to Fuji in stead, which exploited its spon sorship to win a perma nent foothold in the marketplace.51. A. prepared B. preferred C. pion eered D. promised52. A. result B. expla nati on C. purpose D. measure53. A. charge B. overcome C. replace D. resist54. A. fruitful B. fateful C. useful D. hopeful55. A. share B. show C. shift D. shelf56. A. sen sitive B. bli nd C. accessible D. resista nt57. A. mistake B. decisi on C. fear D. concept58. A. even tually B. n ecessarily C. flexibly D. n aturally59. A. switchi ng B. looki ng C. falli ng D. plunging60. A. critical B. reas on able C. i nevitable D. esse ntial61. A. related to B. concerned about C. i nvolved in D. trapped in62. A. com mon B. average C. regular D. dramatic63. A. decided on B. con tributed to C. acco un ted for D. ben efitedfrom64. A. chance B. competiti on C.hope D. means65. A. decisi on B. effort C. regret D. accessSection B （24 分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is Followed by several questions or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Want a glimpse of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medici ne to the patie nt —no matter where he or she may be.Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptoms are the most obvious examples. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis （telemedicine） will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using an off-the-shelf （现成的） PDA （personal data assistance） such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patient ' s vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first-aid kit （急救包）, the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the pas.tOther medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster response —especially after earthquakes. Overall, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertise.But there is one problem. Bandwidth （频带宽度） is the limiting factor for transmitting complex medical images around the world —CT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes, wars or famines. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of distributed medical intelligence.Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should usher in （迎来） an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, expert opinion and diagnosis are common.66. The basis of remote diagnosis will be ___________ .A. personal data assistanceB. standardized symptoms of a patientC. real physiological data from a patientD. transmitted complex medical images67. The sentence the “cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thingof the past” means __________ .A. patients used to cry and ask if there was a doctor in the houseB. now people probably will not ask if there is a doctor in the houseC. patients are now still asking if there is a doctor in the houseD. in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the house68. The word pro“blem” in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that __________ .A. CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumersB. there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligenceC. communications satellites can only cope with the short-term needs during disastersD. bandwidth is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the world69. A proper title for the passage may be ___________ .A. The Online Doctor Is inB. Improvement in CommunicationC. How to Make Remote DiagnosisD. Application of Telemedicine但）Ticket valid (有效的)for 1 year from date of issue.Con diti ons:(1) The company will do its best to carry the passenger and luggage at the times advertised. Timetables may, however,cha nge sudde nly and flights be can celled.(2) Passengers who arrive late and miss their flights will have to buy new tickets.(3) Any damage to luggage must be reported in writi ng with in seve n days.(4) If passe ngers carry more luggage tha n they are allowed, they must pay extra.(5) Passe ngers must have with them all the n ecessary official papers.(6) Passe ngers must pay their own airport tax.(7) Passe ngers may carry a small bag with them on to the pla ne. It must not weigh more tha n 7kg. It must be put in anoverhead locker or on the floor un der the seat in front of the passe nger.(8) Passe ngers may not carry any sharp objects on to the aeropla ne.(9) Dan gerous objects may not be put in luggage. Acids, things which catch fire easily and pois ons are not allowed.(10) Passe ngers must do as the capta in orders them.(11) No smok ing is allowed any where on the aeropla ne.(12) Mobile phones and similar pieces of equipme nt must be switched off.70. Which of these actions is not aga inst the con diti ons?A. Forgett ing your passport.B. Smok ing in the toilets.C. Carrying a mobile pho ne.D. Having a pair of scissors in your hand luggage.71. According to the passage, which statement is NOT TRUE?A. You can change the dates of travel during a twelve-month period.B. The airline must accept responsibility if a flight does not happen.C. The cost of the ticket does not in clude airport tax.D. The capta in has full authority on his pla ne.72. How much luggage may the passenger take free of charge on this ticket?A. 30 kg.B. 37 kg.C. 60 kg.D. 67 kg.(C)Scientists have long believed one way to stop the Earth ' atmosphere from warming is by pla nti ng more trees. The idea is that more trees will take in or absorb some of the carb on dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a gas released by cars, factories and other human activities.The gas traps heat in the Earth ' s atmosphere, which warms the planet. However, two new studieshave found that trees may not be as helpful in reduci ng carb on dioxide as thought.The first study was done at Duke Un iversity in Durham, North Caroli na. Researchers pumped extra carb on dioxide into a test area where pine trees were grow ing. The trees grew thirty-four percent faster during the first three years. However, in time, the trees slowed to about their normal growth rate. The scienti sis say this 包because trees need oilier nulrieiils, such as nilrogen.In the second study, researchers from Duke and Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine examined the soil around trees. They discovered that as the leaves broke down into the soil, all the carb on was not trapped in the soil. Much of itwas released into the atmosphere as carb on dioxide,The findings of the two studies were published last month in Nature magaz ine. They suggest there is limited value in pla nti ng trees to reduce the carb on dioxForest planting has been a part of negotiations on a world agreement to reduce greenhouse gases that scientists believe cause global warming. The United States, Canada, Japan and some other in dustrial coun tries have supported the idea. But this new research suggests the idea is not as effective as environmen tal activists had thought. Scie ntist Ram Oren of Duke Un iversity led the study on tree growth. He says that earlier estimates on the ability of forests to absorb carb on dioxide were overly hopefulSome scientists not involved in the studies say the research provides some of the first evide nee on how trees react to carb on dioxide. Other scie ntists say the research disputes a belief among some coal and power compa ni es. The compa nies say that more carb on dioxide in the atmosphere will n ot create harmful global warmi ng. I nstead, they say it will in crease forests and other pla nts.73. What is the purpose of this passage?A. In troduce some new ideas about the relati on ship between trees and carbon dioxide,U” hi iroduce recem condition of global industiid pollution.C. Call on people Io plant more Hees Io reduce greenhouse gases.D. Point out that power compa nies should be respon sible for the rising levels of carb on dioid 己74. Why did the researchers put trees in extra carb on dioxide in the first study?A. To learn whether trees can still absorb carbon dioxide under extreme conditions.B. To get more oxyge n from these trees.C. To evaluate the maximum carb on dioxide tIX To see the efftet of carbon dioxide on the growth rate of these trees,75. What happened to the leaves falling from the trees in the second study?A. 'l liev broke down and (lie main p^rts lurned iino oxvgeikB. They broke dow n and the carb on content had mai nly turned into carb on dioxide.CZ '1'hey broke down and (he carbon conlenl was mainly absorbed in ilie soil.IX Thev absorbed more carbon dioxide.76. Scien tist Ram Oren thinks that com mon beliefs of the tree ' ca由bintditociatesorbare ___________ .A. appropriate It pcssimisiic C. over-optimistic D. convincing77. The word dispute' (Line 2, Para.6) probably refers to _____________ .A. question B, support C. maintain D. acceptSection C (8 分)Directions: Read the passage carefully. The n an swer the questi ons or complete the stateme nts in the fewest possible words.An attorney is an age nt authorized to act for a pers on or concern. An attorney at law, or lawyer, is an officer of a court of law who acts as an age nt in legal proceedi ngs. This means that lawyers must serve two masters. One master is the client. Lawyers use the law and the legal system to protect and serve the needs of clients. The other master is the law itself. Lawyers must uphold the law, which is based on the U.S. Constitution, written legislation, and past court decisi ons.Almost all aspiri ng lawyers atte nd a law school approved by the bar associati on of the state in which they want to practice. A bar associati on is a professi onal group for lawyers. The term bar is taken from the historic structure of a courtroom. A lawyer who has “ passedthe bar ”could bey ond the bar or raili ng that separated members of the public from those in volved in proceed in gs.Each state offers its own bar exam in ati on. Some states recog nize attor neys qualified elsewhere, but most states require attorneys to pass that state ' s bar exam before they canpractice t here.The law is extremely complex and changes constantly as new legislation is issued and new interpretations win favorable rulings in the courts. Every aspect of life, from artistic production and sports to taxes, is a specialty area in law. Two specialties are corporate law and crim inal law.A corporate attor ney han dles legal matters for bus in esses. Much of this work in volves affairs such as employment con tracts, arran geme nts for loa ns, ren tal agreeme nts, and joints with other compa ni es. Sometimes bus in esses must appear in court, in which case they n eed a corporate attorney who is also a litigator (律师诉讼人).Litigation is a conflict that is taken to court. A litigator files the lawsuit and helps the client resolve the conflict, either by negotiating a settlement or by prese nting argume nts in court.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The two masters lawyers must serve are _________________________________________79. What is the function of the bar or raili ng?80. With con sta nt cha nging of the law, ________________________ is a specialty area in law.81. How can a corporate attor ney help the clie nt to settle the problem?第U卷（47分）1. Translation （22 分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 生态旅游似乎正在全世界迅速发展。
2014届高三英语一模答案汇总
长宁区2013学年第一学期高三英语期末质量检测答案2014.01.06第一卷I. Listening comprehension1-5 DCBDA 6-10 DCABB 11-13 ABA 14-16 BCC17. Saturday 18. ceremony 19. coming/ following 20. ring/ call21. 10,000 22. a part-time job23. room and food; accommodations 24. cheaper and fashionableII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. would meet/ was going to meet 26. disappointing 27. those 28. have to/ ought to 29. whether/ if 30. trapped 31. before/ unless 32. has doubled 33. is said 34. contributing 35. which 36. the37. to make 38. that 39. or 40. without41-45 KJIGH 46-50 AFDECIII. ReadingSection A51-55 ADCBA 56-60 ABCDB 61-65 BCDACSection B66-69 BDDC 70-73 BCBA 74-77 AACDSection C78. have millions of regular loyal viewers79. The inevitable gossip and the essential character80. only (a shot of) fiction and not real81. They follow the characters on screen unreasoningly/ with faith.第二卷I. Translation1. The goods in the department stores are all on sale at Christmas every year.2. Nowadays what people are (very) much concerned about is food safety and air quality.Food safety and air quality are people’s major concerns nowadays.3. However hard/ difficult it is, the task given to us must/ should be completed/ fulfilled on time.4. Hardly had the experts sat down/ got seated/ seated themselves/ taken (their) seats when the speech contest of the Foreign Language Festival (that was) hosted by Principal Wang started.5. The Starbucks in every corner of the city have met/ satisfied/ meet/ satisfy people’s needs/ demands to adapt to a/ the fast-paced life.闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷参考答案第I卷1. C2. B3. A4. D5. C6. A7. D8. D9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. C17. 1275 18. credit 19. counter 20. given / provided/ remembered21. the (their) dormitory deposit 22. off campus 23. peaceful and quiet 24. money 25. Despite 26.talking 27. so that 28. experience29. If 30. but 31. might / would 32. It33. were 34. that / which 35. to learn 36. that37. more important 38.is / will be 39. yours 40. Learning41.H 42. D 43. J 44. B 45. F 46. A 47. K 48. C 49. I 50. G51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. B 61. C 62. A 63. B 64. A 65. C66. C 67. B 68. D 69. D70. D 71. B72. A 73. D74. D 75. B 76. A 77. C78. Customers’environmental concerns / Customers’awareness of environmental considerations and effects79. it is environmentally responsible / it enjoys environmental reputation80. cutting carbon emission81. informing customers about what they are doing towards cutting emissions / taking actions to cut emission and informing customers about it第II卷82. More and more young people spend more time in surfing online than reading.83. In the biology laboratory, the professor highlighted (focused on) the materials available for the experiment.84. Participating in all kinds of physical (sports) activities benefits healthy growth of middle school students.85. Only when you let go of all the negative thoughts can you feel the happiness life brings to you.86. Whatever countries you live in and however different their customs are, kindness and readiness to help others are always parts of good manners (courtesy).2013学年普陀区第一学期高三英语质量调研参考答案第一卷（103分）1. D2. A3. B4. C5. D6. D7. C8. C9. A 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C17. Downtown 18. personal 19. entire 20. conference21. 25 minutes 22. John 23. No 24. Mother and son25. from 26. They 27. who 28. cleaner 29. that/ which30. had removed 31. Seeing 32. to clean 33. driving 34. an35. when 36. were touched 37. what 38. Because of/ Owing to/ Due to39. checking 40. could41. J 42. F 43. H 44. I 45. K 46. C 47. A 48. G 49. B 50 D51. A 52. C 53. B 54. B 55. D 56. A 57. D 58. A 59. D 60. C61. B 62. B 63. D 64. D 65. B66. A 67. D 68. C 69. B70. A 71. B 72. D 73. B74. C 75. C 76. A 77. D78. smaller and worse connected79. process faces and predict the intentions of others80. By asking how many social interactions (they had experienced).81.Social-group size.第二卷（47分）1、Kids are always very curious about what is around them.或：all the things around them; quite curious about2、She performed excellently in the contest, which left a deep impression on the judges.或：did well/ excellently; in the competition; impressed the judges deeply3、No sooner had she come into/ entered school than she unexpectedly knew/ learned that she was admitted into a key school/ a famous university.4、Strangely enough,/ It’s strange that these/ the teenagers know nothing about the song(s) which/ that are familiar to us/ we are familiar with.5.In memory of the great astronaut, it’s said that next year a film will be shot/ made/ produced to help/ let people know about his life.杨浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研英语答案1-5 CDADB 6-10 CDCDA 11-13 ABD 14-16 ADC17. International 18. Sydney 19. Northwest 20. 772185221. start a company 22. financial aspects 23. attract investors24. online resources25. amusing 26. admitted 27. has climbed 28. where29. to take 30. to be sending 31. A 32. between33. stretched 34. either 35. might 36. how37. No matter how 38. others 39. as long as 40. are struggling41-50 D K H J B F A I E G51-65 A B C D A C C D B A B C A A D66-69 B D C A70-73 B C A B74-77 D B A CShe was kidnapped and murdered within 24 hours.the security/safety of human rights activistsBy issuing a real-time GPS location of the victimbuilding an organization to respond to the alarm and training the wearers.Translation1. Tom is absent from school today because he is infected with a flu.2. Due to the high living cost in Shanghai, many young couples have no intention to have a second child.3. Only when the government takes serious measures can we expect the real improvement in air quality.4. How ridiculous it is that the sign language interpreter on the stage is a mental patient!5. What excited people all over the country was that China became the third country to softland an unmanned spacecraft on the (surface of the) moon.奉贤区虹口区参考答案第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1~5 ccbab 6~10 dbcadSection B11~13 add 14~16 bdcSection C17. ill / sick 18. weather19. changing 20. pay21. support his family 22. radio factory23. skilled technician 24.pass the testsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. an 26. was given 27. before 28. making29. It 30. can’t 31. had set 32. being33. that 34. what 35. over 36. more effective37. would 38. to deal 39. planned 40. because ofSection B41~45 dbeaf 46~50 hjikgIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51~55 bacca 56~60 dbadb 61~65 acbadSection B66~69 cdbd 70~73 bbda 74~77 bcadSection C78. missing opportunities for promotion when abroad79. Positive.80. Ability to speak the client’s language81. better control the whole negotiation process第II卷I. TranslationIt is pretty easy for us to fall behind without effort.If convenient, please arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport.It has been raining for two weeks, so the coach has no choice but to consider putting off the match.II. Guided Writing略2013学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷第I 卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 ABDDC 6-10 CADADSection B11-13 CAD 14-16 CABSection C17. previous 18. access 19. repetition 20. oral21、photographs / snaps / takes/shoots a picture22、focusing on shooting / photographing / snapping23、time and position24、stress and self-doubtII. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A) 25. where 27. something 28. taking 29. When/After 30. a/one 31. listed32. On 33. what 34. to eat(B) 35. could 36. because 37. more 37. if 38. but 39. another 40. is giving Section B41. G 42. C 43. K 44. A 45. E 46. F 47. B 48. D 49. H 50. JIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACBDA 56-60 BDACA 61-65 CABCA P.F. Productions后期制作Section B66-69 ACDD 70-73 CDAB 74-77 ADABSection Cmanufacture more goods with fewer workerseffect on employment and major changes in jobswages, leisure hours and living standardsUnion’s policy concerning the protection of union members第II 卷I. TranslationMr. Green is going to visit\see a friend this Sunday, who knows a lot about money matters.It remains to be discussed whether people will delay retiring. /Whether people will delay retiring remains to be discussed.However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it.Many companies put more emphasis on personality than on capability when they employ staff members. P.F. ProductionsIf both the parties can agree on these issues, they are likely to further cooperate（have further cooperation）in the new field.崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷第I卷I. Listening Comprehension1. C2. B3. B4. C5. A6. A7. D8. C9. A 10. C 11. B 12.D 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. D17. picnic 18. packages 19. 8 20. saucepfzhizuo 21. the/an election 22. put up posters 23. the campus radio 24. discuss the/a speechII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. helping/having helped 26. why 27. how 28. trying 29. where30. was seized 31. as 32. could 33. locked 34. although35. the most attractive 36. an 37. It 38. to make 39. that 41. K 42. J 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. H 47. C 48. G 49. I 50.FIII. Reading Comprehension51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. C61. A 62. A 63. B 64. B 65. C66. B 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. D 71. C 72. B 73. B 74. B 75. D78. the harm done by iPads to pfzhizuoyoung children79. Because they are too young P.F. Productionsto handle such advanced technology.80. His concern over the compulsive qualities of games on iPads.81. keep iPads and similar devices beyond the reach of infants第II卷I. Translation1. Children should be allowed to express their own ideas.2. Only by improving the efficiency can the factory make more pfzhizuoprofits.3. The expert’s suggestion is that schools should raise students’awareness of health.4. If you don’t want to be caught in the traffic jam in rush hours, why don’t you try taking the subway?5. In the age when a variety of new Internet languages keep emerging, you will fall behind if you don’t know them.闸北区1，D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B11-13 DCB 14-16 AAC17. BX3256 18. eyesight 19. 340 20. Cash.21. Electronic bridge. 22. Customer type. 23. Security key. 24. Mobile payment.25. after 26. moving 27. educated 28. were beaten 29. because of 30. the 31. that/which 32. hottest33. what 34. building 35. must 36. where 37. when 38. However 39. to help 40. has donated41 G 42. H 43. A 44. J 45. E 46. K 47. B. 48. D 49. C 50 F51-55 BDACB 56-60 ADACB 61-65 ACABC66-69 CBDC 70-73 CCAA 74-77 BDBB78. stating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes79. A new and more complicated way of criminal information analysis.80. Community service.81. lack of resources1.Video chat has been more and more popular with people.2.Will the insurance company pay for all the damages in case the furniture is destroyed in the fire?3.Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings. 4．Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are anxious to lose weight can’t replace well-balanced meals with fruits.5. Only through reading widely can one master knowledge and become a talent that the competitive 21st century calls for.青浦区1-10 BBCDB CBABA 11-13 CCD 14-16 CDD17. Resource. 18. 5/Five. 19. clerk. 20. challenging21. home stay 22. retired lady23. the high(er) expenses/costs/prices24. a (supermarket) cashier(A)25. to give 26. the 27. can 28. whatever 29. leaves/has left30. paying 31. more impressive 32. had been(B)33. but 34. at 35. was covered 36. that 37. because 38. laid39. which 40. hitting41-50 B D K F I A J G C H51-55 BAADC56-60 ADBCC61-65 BADDBReading:(A) 66-69 BCDC(B) 70-73 DBAA(C) 74-77 CDAB简答题78. writing (ability), essay writing79. write poorly/ roughly/messily/ in a rough way80. Because the students’handwriting will be hard to recognize.81. students should practice handwriting more often/students should not neglect the importance of handwriting.第II卷1. The new coffee shop makes a profit of 5000 yuan every month.2. He was reluctant to admit that he had thrown the keys into the dustbin on purpose.3. Due to/Because of the thick fog, dozens of vehicles were involved in the accident which happened on highway G15.4. It is a good idea to encourage old people to help out in nurseries in the neighborhood /community, which enables/can enable them to play their full part.5. Contrary to our expectation/what we had expected, the funfair organized by the students was so interesting that two hours had passed/gone by before we realized it.静安区答案1—10 DDCAB CCADB 11—13 DBA 14—16 DAB17 put 18. 8 19. Enter 20. copy21. a digital camera 22. gets black 23. 1553 Palace Street 24. have it replaced25. wrote 26. to be trained 27. where 28. although/though 29. others30. have been taken 31. as/when32. pouring 33. an 34. caught 35. that 36. worst 37, getting38. can 39. until 40. At41—50 HAEJD GKBFC51—65 CDABB. CADDA CCBBC66—69 CCAB 70—73 ACDC 74—77 CABD78. The shirt itself./ Tiny preprogrammed electronics in your shirt.79. checking the nutrition details of the food80. Vaccines.81. you watch the news as video film rather than read it1. The job is so difficult that few people are qualified for it.2. Only 500 visitors are admitted to this magnificent museum every day.3. The more books you read, the fewer mistakes you will make.4. Not until the 60s last century did people’s dreams of moon exploration come true.5. The reason why many rare animals became extinct was that they were not able to adapt (themselves) to the new environment, so we must pay more attention to keeping the balance of nature.宝山区2013学年第一学期期末高三年级英语监测参考答案参考答案1—5 CCBDD 6—10 AABBB 11—16 CDB ACD17. upset 18. window 19. damage 20. apologize21. educational background 22. Singapore Airlines 23. sales promotion 24. attend college courses25.from 26. knew 27. because 28. harder 29. when 30. were touched 31. how 32. saying 33. the 34. to live 35. themselves 36. building 37. where 38. assembled 39. what 40. can’t41.C 42. F 43. G 44. I 45. H 46. D 47. E 48. A 49. B 50. K51—55 CADBA 56—60BAADC 61—65 ABDCB66—69 DBBA 70—73BADC 74—77 DCBA78. Scientific, medical or commercial research79. Giving half to charities, and the rest to the earners.80. a free app offered by Charity Engine81. Oxfam, CARE International, Doctors Without Borders, WaterAid and Sightsavers1. The minister’s answer/ made all the reporters/ present/ quite pleased2. I declined/ his offer of help/, for I would like to/ depend on myself.3. It is obvious that/ what you are doing/ will do great damage/ to your future development.4. Only until the accident/ takes place/ will people not realize/ how serious the result is/, which is really a pity.5. The air quality in many cities/ is becoming worse and worse/, which is a great threat/ to the whole earth/ to some extent.黄浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试第I卷1-5 ADDAC 6-10 DCDAC11-13 BCD 14-16 ADC17. Australia 18. grams 19. airmail 20. 1321. leg of lamb 22. fruit salad 23. brown rice 24. red wine25. if 26. putting 27. have given / gave / give 28. what 29. that 30. as though / as if 31. can / must / should / could 32. to hear 33.other 34. were mixed 35. through 36. taking 37. the38. printed 39. older 40. which / that41-45 HJEBD 46-50 AKIGC51-55 ADCBA 56-60 BADAB 61-65 DBCAC66-69 BABC 70-73 DACD 74-77 DADB78. their actions bring death or damage to others79. keep their emotions under control80. Street walkers and cyclists who ignore traffic regulations.81. raised standard for vehicle and lowered speed limits第II卷I. Translation1. He always pretends / is always pretending to know what he doesn’t know.2. He didn’t take part in the interview, which cost him a well-paid job.3. By comparison / Comparatively speaking / Relatively speaking, the threatcaused by pollution is more serious than that of illness.4. Libraries are not available in many remote schools so that some children havenever read any book(s) except textbooks.5. Only after he stayed in America for some time did he know / realize how poorhis knowledge of the country was.嘉定区1---5: ADCBD 6---10:BDBAB 11—13: CDA 14---16: DCA17. Landon 18. October 19. Thursday 20. Switzerland21. 16 cm 22. several symbols 23. read any document 24. relevant information25. When 26. is wearing 27. playing 28. which29. over/up 30. saying 31. to keep 32. They33. conducted 34. to crash 35. was guided 36.like 37. neither38. the 39. but 40. Best41------45: F H I G B 46---50: E J D C A51----- 65 BCACD ACDDA BCABB66------69 CABA 70----73 DACD 74----77 ABCA78. the cause of stress in teenagers.79. to be laughed at and looked down upon by both teachers and peers.80. show signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude.81. changing school places，academic difficulties.Translation1. It is (high) time to take strict measures to deal with the environment pollution.2. His sister is/has been engaged to a talented/gifted young man.3. According to the data (figures) released, the housing prices in cities keep rising/have beengoing up/ rising instead of falling/going down.4. As long as/ if you have done/tried your best, there is no sense being/ getting upset/worried/bothered about failure or success.5. It is the audience that/who provide for/support the stars, but some of them (would rather) think/insist that their achievements result from nothing but their own efforts. (Although…)松江区试卷参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1-----5 DCCBC 6------10 DADDB11---13 ADC 14------16 CBB17. Sydney 18. 750 19. airmail 20. 1321. a manager 22. Handling angry customers23. 15 years 24. wonderful productsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A: Grammar(A)25. the most widely 26. can 27. an 28. which 29.for30. that 31. invented 32. has reflected/has been reflecting(B)33. ringing 34. Though 35. is involved 36. both37. because 38. paying 39. that 40. to devoteSection B: Vocabulary41. F 42. J. 43. C 44. D 45. H 46. B 47. K 48. G 49. A 50. EIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51—55 CBCBD 56—60 BAAAC 61—65 DDCBASection B66------69 CBDA70------72 CBB73------77 ADBCASection C78. the client and the law itself79. To separate/separating members of the public from those involved in proceedings80. every aspect of life81. By negotiating a settlement or by presenting arguments in courtI. Translation1.Eco-tourism seems to be developing quickly in the world.2. As senior three students, we should know how to adjust mental state.3. The problem is well worth discussing because it is closely related to our future life.4. Only after he experienced the unforgettable trip, did he realize that those who bring happiness to others are /were the happiest in the world.5.Despite the fact that haze has greatly influenced people’s daily life, up to now the government has not found a practical/feasible solution to it金山区2013学年第一学期期末考试第Ⅰ卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A Section B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. CSection C 17. library 18. psychology 19. sweater 20. morning21. orange juice 22. part-time employee 23. late for work 24. in the newspaperII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. instead of 26. thicker 27. before 28. to protect29. burning 30. it 31. a 32. came33. named 34. As 35. how 36. would get37. roll 38. on 39. was amazed 40. which/ thatSection B41.G 42. B 43.I 44.D 45.A 46.C. 47.F 48.K 49.J 50.HIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACABC 56-60 DBCDC 61-65 ACBDASection B66—69 BCCA70—73 CBBC74—77 CAADSection C78. Because their children spend more time with them than with the teacher.79. Through informal tea, interviews and reporting pupil’s progress.80. engage in activities that have a mathematical basis81. the best utilization of the many hours第Ⅱ卷I. Translation1. I don’t think what I have said today can(will) change others’attitude（s）towards me.2. It is said that the company will give a banquet this evening in honor of the experts from Australia.3. Many people are willing to wait in a long queue to buy the ticket for the concert.4. When I worked as a volunteer in Africa, my relatives and friends were anxious for my safe return soon5. It is time to take action to control the quantity of（the）private cars so as to relieve the traffic burden during the rush hours.。
松江区2014学年度第一学期预初期末考英语试卷(含答案)
松江区2014学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷六年级英语（满分100分，完卷时间90分钟）2015.1Part One Listening（听力）I．Listen to the sentence and choose the suitable picture. （听句子，选出与句子内容符合的图画）5%B CAD E F1. ________2.________3.________4.________5.________Ⅱ.Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear. ( 听对话，选出最恰当的答案) 10%6. A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bike. D. By bus.7. A. A teacher. B. A policeman. C. A driver. D. A pilot.8. A. 9:05. B. 9:15. C. 9:25. D. 9:50.9. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Five.10. A. In the hospital. B. In the supermarket. C. In the restaurant. D. In the post office.11. A. An apple and an orange. B. An orange.C. A bottle of milk.D. Some bread.12. A. Summer. B. Winter. C. Spring. D. Autumn.13. A. Yes, they must. B. No, they needn’t. C. Yes, they can. D. No, they can’t.14. A. In a cinema. B. In a park. C. At home. D. At school.15. A. To play in the school garden. B. To plant trees.C. To plant flowers.D. To play in the park.Ⅲ. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are True or False.（判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容, 符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示）5%16. Nobody can live without water.17. Water only comes from the underground.18. When water gets very hot, it becomes rain.19. It’s interesting that water can change itself.20. We can’t see water because it has no color.Ⅳ. Listen to the passage and fill in the words you hear.（听短文，填入所缺单词, 并注意大小写）5％21. The __________ of Friends of the Earth will go to clean the beaches.22. They will go to clean the beaches on _________, August 8th.23. They will _________ the rubbish on the beach.24. The beach is near the Dragon ___________.25. They will be __________at school at two o’clock in the afternoon.Part Two Vocabulary and Grammar（词汇与语法）Ⅰ.Choose the word with the different sound. （选出发音不同的单词）5%26. A. bacon B. cabbage C. chase D. stay27. A. spicy B. pilot C. wing D. island28. A. promise B. programme C. postman D. frozen29. A. red B. dentist C. centre D. before30. A. dumpling B. just C. rule D. rubbishⅡ. Write out the word according to the pronunciation.（根据音标写出下列单词）3%31. I’d like a __________〔‵pækit〕of baked potatoes.32. They promise to __________〔ri:‵ju:z〕shopping bags.33. Have you ever been to __________〔‵si:s a id〕Town on Lucky Island?Ⅲ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）7%34. Our music room is on the ______ floor. (twelve)35. We must try our best to make our city a ______ place. (safety)36. I usually go ______ with my cousin at the weekend. (cycle)37. He is fat because he eats ______ food and does no exercise. (health)38. The menu contains (包含) salad, chicken soup and ______ eggs. (boil)39. There are so many ______ in the Songjiang Walmart Supermarket. (tomato)40. When walking ______ the road, you should have a look at both sides. (cross)Ⅳ. Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案) 13%41. It takes him half ________ hour to finish drawing a horse.A. anB. aC. theD. /42. I like spicy food, so I’d like some steamed prawns ________ chilli.A. withoutB. inC. withD. of43. Some people don’t like chocolates ________ they’re too sweet.A. ifB. butC. soD. because44. We need _________ fresh fruit every day.A. plenty ofB. manyC. a fewD. a little45. Sandy is a good student. She works hard and is ________ late for school.A. alwaysB. sometimesC. usuallyD. never46. Ben always wants _______ his bedroom clean.A. keepingB. to keepC. keepD. to keeping47. Please ________ my baby when I’m out.A. look atB. look forC. look afterD. look up48. Betty has a bad diet. She is ________ her sister.A. healthier thanB. less healthy thanC. less healthier thanD. as healthy as49. The food pyramid tells us ________ of each kind of food we need every day.A. how muchB. how manyC. how longD. how often50. ---________ you ________ any seafood in the market?---No, I haven’t.A. Did…buyB. Have…boughtC. Has…boughtD. Do…buy51. There ________ a party to welcome the Spring Festival next month.A. is going to haveB. is going to beC. will haveD. is52. Let us ________ some bread and a bottle of jam.A. buyingB. buyC. to buyD. bought53. ---Shall we take some photos of our class teacher?---________.A. That’s all rightB. Never mindC. Good ideaD. You’re welcomeⅤ. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (根据所给要求，改写句子，每空格限填一词) 12%54. My five-year-old son can read and write.（改为否定句）My five-year-old son ________ read ________ write.55. I’d like to be a nurse in the future. (改为一般疑问句)________ ________ like to be a nurse in the future?56. Betty doesn’t live near the supermarket. (保持原句意思基本不变)Betty ________ ________ away from the supermarket.57. We need two bottles of water every day. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ bottles of water do you need every day ?58. My aunt is a bank clerk. (对划线部分提问)________ your aunt’s _________?59. We must use the door on the left. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ must we use?Part Three Reading and Writing（阅读和写话）Ⅰ. Reading Comprehension .(阅读理解) 15%(A)Mr. Cheng and Mrs. Cheng are travelling on the train. Usually they travel at night. Mr. Cheng is looking out of the window on the train. He is looking at the bright moon. The moon is big and beautiful. There are small thin clouds in the sky. The train is moving very quickly. Many people on the train are sleeping. The train is going over on a bridge. The river is dark and quiet. If you look at the middle of the dark river, you can see the white moon. The moon is moving. It is very slow. Soon the sun will be high in the sky.Mr. Cheng will go to bed. He is very tired. Tomorrow they will leave the train and go on travelling by air.True or False.（判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）5%60. Mr. Cheng and Mrs. Cheng sometimes travel at night.61. Mr. Cheng isn’t asleep because he is enjoying the natural view (景色).62. The weather is fine and it is early in the morning.63. The train is coming near a bridge.64. Tomorrow Mr. Cheng and his wife will take a train.(B)What is Christmas in Australia like? In Australia, Christmas Day falls in the middle of the summer school holiday. Both December 25 and 26 are public holidays. In the weeks before Christmas Day, many people in Australia decorate (装饰) their houses with “Christmas Bush,” a native Australian tree with small green leaves and shiny flowers.On Christmas Day, Australian people didn’t eat traditional turkey but cold meals. Do you know why? Christmas in Australia is celebrated in the middle of summer, so the roast turkey and other hot meals are replaced (替代) by seafood, salad and fresh fruit.Do you know how firefighters in Australia spend their Christmas? Because it’s so hot there at Christmas time, there are often bush fires throughout the country. They have to put out fires to save people’s lives. It’s their way to celebrate the holiday.Read and choose.(阅读并选择) 5%65. In Australia, Christmas Day falls in __________.A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter66. A Christmas Bush is a native tree __________.A. with no leavesB. with no flowersC. with decorationD. with leaves and flowers67. Australians eat cold meals on Christmas Day, because __________.A. it falls in the middle of summerB. cold meals are deliciousC. there is no turkey and other mealsD. Australians like eating them68. Which of the following food can not be called a cold meal ?A. Roast turkeyB. SeafoodC. SaladD. Fresh fruit69. How do firefighters in Australia spend Christmas?A. They eat meals together.B. They decorate their houses together.C. They travel around to put out fires.D. They stay at home and take a rest.(C)“Have you washed your hands and face?”Billy’s mother asked him. “Yes,”he said and showed his hands. “They are dirty,” she pulled him into the bathroom. “Now wash your hands,” she said. Billy did as she told him. “Are you afraid of soap and water?” his mother asked him. “No, I’m not afraid of them,” he said. “I just don’t like them. I hate washing.”When he left the house, his hands were clean. When he got to school, his hands were dirty again. “Look at you!” his teacher shouted. “Your face is covered with dirt. If your hands are dirty, too, I will punish (惩罚) you.” Billy knew his hands were dirty. He quickly spit (吐唾沫) on one and rubbed (擦) it on his trousers. He showed it to the teacher.“That is not a clean hand, Billy,”she said. “It’s the dirtiest hand in the class. I’m going to punish you.” Billy looked around the class. “It’s not the dirtiest hand in the class,” he said. “All right, Billy,” the teacher said. “If you can show me a dirtier hand, I won’t punish you.”With a smile, Billy quickly showed her his other hand.Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题)5%70. Did Billy like washing his hands?71. Where did Billy’s mother pull him?72. Why was Billy’s teacher angry with him?73. What did the teacher think about the hand that Billy showed her?74. What do you think of Billy?Ⅱ.Read the passage and choose the correct words. (阅读短文，选择恰当的单词)5% My aunt works in a zoo. She is in charge of the animals in the zoo. She feeds (喂)the animals ,___75___ them and cleans their rooms. She loves animals and she likes her job very much. She speaks to the animals, and the animals understand（理解）her. The animals are always ___76___ when they see my aunt.Every day, many people come to ___77___ the animals in my aunt’s zoo. But some people do not know the zoo ___78___. They go too near dangerous animals like lions or tigers. Some people litter. When people do these, my aunt will __79___them.( ) 75. A. keeps B. washes C. leaves D. makes( ) 76. A. angry B. friendly C. helpful D. healthy( ) 77. A .visit B. feed C. clean D. play( ) 78. A. pictures B. rules C. ways D. gardens( ) 79. A. invite B. tell C. stop D. askⅢ. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) 5%Today is Tom and Mary’s School Open day. Their teacher asked them to be the school guides, and their j___80___ is to give directions (方向) to the parents.Many parents come to the school to take part in the School Open Day. They want to know more a___81___ their children’s school life. However, they don’t know the way, so they have to ask the guides. Here comes a man. He asks Mary, “Excuse me, do you know w___82___ the art room is?” Mary a___83___ politely, “Can you see the school building near the playground? The art room is on the second floor of the building.”T___84___ a woman comes. She asks Tom, “Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the school library?” Tom replies with a smile, “Go straight ahead, and turn right. It’s a tall building. You can’t miss it.” Tom and Mary give directions to the parents without a word of complaint (抱怨). Good job!Ⅳ. Writing（写话）10%Section A Make up sentences with the words and phrases given. (连词成句,标点符号已给) 4%85. are, four, my, there, people, family, in86. teachers, having, park, the, a, are, in, picnic, the87. in, students, not, drink, the, classroom, must88. weekends, do, what, usually, you, at, doSection B89. Write at least fifty words according to the topic “My eating habits”（请根据话题“我的饮食习惯”，写一段不少于50个单词的一段话，要求紧扣主题，语法正确、意思连贯。
2014年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She iSn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It miSinterpreted the mayor’S Speech.C. it made the mayor’S view clearer.D. It carried the mayor’S Sp eech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.17 in London19Dislikes:• 20 shops•small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’is far (37)______ (appropriate)”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ (force )village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want tohit the gym moreregularly this year. Howdo you make that happen?Consider putting thehabit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-stepprocess. First, there's acue, something that tellsyour brain to operateautomatically. Thenthere's a routine. Andfinally, a reward, whichhelps your brain learn todesire the behavior. It'swhat you can use tocreate-or break-habits ofyour own.Here's how toapply it:Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick. a reward-say, a piece of chocolate when you get home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. which of the following beSt fitS in the box with a “?” in the habit loop?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “thiS year when i See the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. RikkeWahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to havethis kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtualreality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charitiesis no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct （行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with ngoS and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014年上海高考英语试卷word版(校对版本含答案)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn‟t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor‟s speech.C. It made the mayor‟s view clearer.D. It carried the mayor‟s sp eech accurately. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Travelers’ Survey SheetTravel purpose: for a(n) 17 in LondonComments on the airport environment / facilities:Likes: •18•19 walkwaysDislikes:• 20 shops•small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What is critical thinking in reading? Assessing the writer‟s ideas and thinking about the 21 of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academic text critically? Finding out the argument and the writer's main line of 22 .What may serve as the evidence? 23 , survey results, examples, etc.What is the key to critical thinking? To read actively and 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local caféas a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country‟s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a minishop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn‟t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term …automatic shop‟ is far (37)______ (appropriate)”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ (force )village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alertB. classifyC. commitD. delicatelyE. gentleF. imposeG. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does MotherNature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can theylie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying,but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behavedishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps themsurvive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want to hit the gymmore regularly this year. How doyou make that happen? Considerputting the habit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there's a cue, something that tellsyour brain to operate automatically.Then there's a routine. And finally, areward, which helps your brainlearn to desire the behavior. It'swhat you can use to create-orbreak-habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, then pick.a reward-say, a piece of chocolatewhen you get home from the gym.That way, the cue and the rewardbecome interconnected. Finally,when you see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward,which will make it easier to workout day after day. The best part? Ina couple of weeks, you won't needthe chocolate at all. Your brain willcome to see the workout itself asthe reward. Which is the wholepoint, right?70. Which of the following best fitsin the box with a “?” in THEHABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or anEnglish newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control adark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you‟re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014届上海市各区高三英语一模——阅读理解汇编
2014届上海市各区高三英语一模——阅读理解汇编宝山区(A)Any snakebite can be dangerous if infection sets in. Some types of snake poison make the bite area swollen (肿胀的) or painful. Others cause bleeding or damage the heart‘s nerves. Here are some especially dangerous snakes:The largest of all poisonous snakes, king cobras can reach 5.5 meters in length. Each king cobra bite contains enough poison to kill an elephant —or 20 people. But these big snakes usually avoid people. They live throughout India, southern China and Southeast Asia.A bite from Australia‘s inland taipan, the world‘s most poisonous snake, releases enough poison to kill 100 men. The good news is that people rarely come in contact with this snake, and a treatment for its poison exists.Russell‘s viper lives throughout Asia, including India, southern China, and on the island of Taiwan. It prefers grassy fields but can be found in forests and urban areas. It bites more people and causes more deaths than any other poisonous snake.Though short, the common Indian krait packs a powerful punch (攻击) in its bite. Most often, it strikes people at night while they are sleeping. Since the bite causes little pain, victims are often not sure thatthey have been bitten until they begin to experience stomach cramps (痉挛). Without treatment, symptoms will worsen quickly and can lead to death.The black mamba, a native of Africa, is actually olive or grey in color. Only the inside of its mouth is black. When black mambas feel threatened by a human, they make a loud hissing sound to warn the person away. If the warning is ignored, the snake will attack the person repeatedly. And they can attack quickly, moving over the ground at speeds of up to 20 kilometers per hour. 66. According to this article, what is a particular feature of the king cobra? A. Its seasonal changes.B. Its lack of movement.C. Its sense of hearing.D. Its remarkable size. 67. According to this article, which of the following is known for its speed? A. The inland taipan. B. The black mamba. C. The Indian krait. D. The Russell‘s viper. 68. What does the article imply about the inland taipan? A. It was once believed to be extinct.B. A chance meeting with it could be fatal.C. Some people keep one as a pet.D. Very little is known about its behavior.69. In which magazine would you most likely find this article?A. Let‘s Explore NatureB. Weekly Travel DigestC. Psychology MagazineD. Global Warning News(B)Basketball, baseball and soccer are classic sports that people will always enjoy. And yet we1 / 15keep changing popular games like these in new ways to keep them fresh. Underwater hockeyThis game is played in swimming pools with two teams of six players. Each player has flippers (蛙鞋), a snorkel and a stick used for hitting a puck (圆盘). Each team earns points by hitting the puck into its underwater goal. Other team members must be ready to take the puck when a team member goes up for air. That makes underwater hockey a true team sport.ChessboxingA sport can also be revised by mixing it with another game. In chessboxing, two players compete on the chess board and in the ring. First, their minds are tested in a game of chess. Then they use their strength in a round of boxing. They repeat this for 11 rounds. The winner beats the loser in chess, knocks him out while boxing or gets more boxing points. BossaballThis exciting sport is part volleyball and part soccer. But unlike both of those sports, players jump up and down throughout the game. That‘s because it‘s played on an inflatable (可充气的) volleyball court with atrampoline on either side of the net. One player bounce on the trampoline while up to four others stand around it. A team can touch the ball six times before sending it back across the net. Each player may touch the ball once with arms or twice with other body parts. Cycleball Another fun game to watch, cycleball is like indoor soccer on wheels. Each player rides a special bike designed for the game. Like soccer, a team must put the ball in a goal. However, there is a catch. The ball can only be touched with the bikes‘wheels or the players‘heads. This game requires a lot of practice to learn the skills needed.Though these sports may not be common, give them a look or even a try.2 / 1570. Why does the author think Underwater Hockey is a true team sport?A. Because all players in a team wear the same flippers and use a stick to hit a puck.B. Because each player in a team has to cooperate with other team members in the match.C. Because it is played underwater, the game is more dangerous than the sports played on land.D. Because each team earns points by hitting the puck into its underwater goal. 71. In Chessboxing, the winner will be the one who _____. A. wins both in chess and in boxing B. defeats his opponent in chess C. wins in chess or in boxingD. can knock his opponent out of the boxing ring72. According to the article, at most how many players in all can take part in a Bossaball match? A. 4. B. 6. C. 8. D.10. 73. In Cycleball, the author mentions catch, whose meaning may be _____. A. sport B. skill C. rule D. practice( C )Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls (民意调查), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable, nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings.A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs.The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education.Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those who have good relationship with other family members are happier than those who live alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factors.It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time.Children whose parents were happily married have happier childhoods, but are not necessarily happier adults.The best formula (准则) for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem. 74. It can be inferred from the passage that _____. A. happiness is neither predictable nor apparent3 / 15B. a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happyC. the rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income groupD. happiness is not necessarily connected to one‘s situation in society 75. According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon _____. A. a happy childhood in which one can do whatever he likes B. great wealth with which one can buy anything C. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the better D. a college degree that can help one achieve great success 76. The letters AQ in the last paragraph most probably mean _____. A. ambition to defeat others in a severe competitionB. ability to overcome difficulty and get out of embarrassing situationC. methods of solving difficult problems and challenges in lifeD. attitudes towards severe competition especially in trouble 77. The best title of this passage may be _____. A. What Does Happiness Consist in B. Happiness and UnhappinessC. Different Kinds of HappinessD. Causes of Happiness and Unhappiness崇明县(A)At age 11, Zlata Filipovic saw things that most people pray they never see. Growing up in the middle of a war zone, this little girl experienced firsthand the horrors of war.Filipovic turned 11 in December of 1991. Five months later Serbiansoldiers attacked Filipovic‘s hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia. While many people fled the city, Filipovic‘s family stayed. Some of the worst moments of the Bosnian conflict would take place right under her nose. How did Filipovic deal with his harrowing experience? By writing a diary.Zlata’s Diary was first published in the summer of 1993 by UNICEF (United Nations International Children‘s Emergency Fund). It attracted enormous interest. Her writings on the Bosnian conflict were not as sophisticated (老练的) as the daily news reports. Filipovic‘s observations were, however, more moving and intimate (私人的).Ztala’s Diary gave readers a sense of sympathy for the ordinary people stuck in the Balkan region. Filipovic‘s writings raised world awareness of the senseless conflict in Sarajevo. ―I see that things aren‘t good here,‖ Filipovic writes. ―An ugly war is taking away my childhood.‖After two years of enduring the war in Sarajevo, Filipovic‘s family escaped to Paris in December of 1993. Zlata’s Diary was then printed by an international publisher. It became an instant bestseller. It has since pfzhizuo been translated into 35 languages.Outside Bosnia, Filipovic continued to show deep concern for her torn homeland. In the following years, she gave many talks on the impact of war on children. She spoke often about the need for a stable, lastingpeace in the Balkan region.Filipovic eventually attended a British University and received a degree in human sciences. Today, the well-being of the Balkan region remains on her mind. Now Filipovic wants to use her experience to promote peace in a rapidly changing Europe. She hopes that her stories of war will4 / 15make people listen to her message of peace.66. The underlined word ―harrowing‖ in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by ―______‖. A. desperate B. miserable C. embarrassing D. revolutionary 67. What was special about Zlata’s Diary?A. It wrote about war in different languages.B. It was as attractive as the daily news report.C. It helped the world see war through the eyes of a child.D. It made the world know better about the Bosnian conflict. 68. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A. Zlata was promoting peace with her stories of warB. Zlata‘s nose was seriously wounded in the conflictC. Zlata kept her diary a secret until the winter of 1993D. Zlata felt relieved after escaping from the war in Sarajevo 69. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Zlata Filipovic: growing up in warB. Zlata Filipovic: writing against warC. Zlata Filipovic: changing the worldD. Zlata Filipovic: loving peace in heart(B) SERVICE DIRECTORY Artero Hotel? Check-in Time Check in after 13:00 on the arrival day. ? Check-out Time Check out before pfzhizuo 12:00 noon on your departure day. A 50% surcharge(额外费) will be imposed if you check out after 12:00 noon; a 100% surcharge will be imposed if you check out after 18:00. ? Key Card For your safety, the key card is NOT transferable. If it is lost, please contact the front desk immediately. Please return your key card to the front desk upon departure. ? Room Number & Telephone Number Rooms have a 3-digit number. The first number stands for the floor and the second and third numbers stand for the room number. For example: 308 refers to room 08 on the 3rd floor. For room-to-room calls, dial 8 + room number, e.g. 8308. To call the room from outside, dial 61208308. ? Television Television channels have been set up as shown on the TV programme. If you have any problem watching TV, please dial 8003. ? Room Cleaning We provide house zhucanqi keeping once in a day. If you want to have your room cleaned at a certain time, please contact house keeping at 8001. ? Laundry 5 / 15If a student has worked before going to college? A student who is 26 or more before the course starts and who has worked for at least three of the previous six years will get extra money –￡155 a year if 26, increasing to a maximum of ￡615 at 29 or more. If a student is handicapped? LEAs will give up to ￡500 to help meet extra expenses –such as buying a tape recorder for a blind student, extra heating or special food. Banking? Most of the big banks offer special services to students who open accounts (in the hope that they will stay with the bank when they become rich officials). A student won‘t usually have to pay bank charges as long as the account stays in credit. Some banks allow students to overdraw by ￡100 or so, and still don‘t make charges (though they do charge interest). 70. The phrase ―a grant‖ in the first line most probably means _____. A. bank interest B. a credit card C. an education fee D. financial aid 71. A student from Japan who has been studying in England for a year and intends togo to college in a few months will _____. A. be unable to get money from any LEA B. get money if taking a first degree courseC. get money from LEA when finishing his courseD. have to open a bank account before getting money72. A 31-year-old nurse wishes to qualify as a doctor at a university. She has workedsince she was 25. How much extra money will she get a year? A. None. B. ￡155. C. ￡615. D. ￡515. 73. A big bank offers a new student special services because _____. A. they need student accounts badly B. they charge students extra interest C. they know he can get money regularly D. they hope he‘ll be a potential customer(C)Publicity offers several benefits. There are not costs for message time or space. An ad in prime-time television may cost $250,000 to $5,000,000 or more per minute, whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. Publicity reaches a mass audience within a short time and new products or company policies are widely known. Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than to ads. For example, Women’s Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisements. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they skim through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly. Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage bya given medium. It may issue detailed news releases16 / 15and find only portions mentioned by the media, and media have the ability to be much more critical than a firm would like. For example, in 1982, Procter it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media decide whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it.74. All of the following advantages of publicity are mentioned EXCEPT _____. A. time saving B. attentiveness C. credibility D. profitability 75. Compared with ad, news report or featuring stories are more _____. A. believable B. clear C. dependent D. subjective 76. The example of ―Procter another chance will come around soon). Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams (砰然关上) in your face. That‘s bitter reality.Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along. It‘s called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor,says, ―What‘s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation‘s outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.‖So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a19 / 15back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, ―Don‘t put all your eggs in one basket.‖ And ―Don‘t count your chickens until they hatch.‖ To have a confident and optimistic approach to life‘s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian s ays, ―Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.‖There are pros and cons（利与弊）to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don‘t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.74. What‘s the passage mainly about?A. The benefits of defensive pessimism.B. A book that has recently been published.C. The dangers of being too optimistic.D. How to become successful in life.75. The u nderlined sentence ―This is not rocket science‖ (Para. 4) means __________. A. there is no real proof B. it is quite simple to understand C. the cost is not so high D. it‘s not a dangerous thing to do 76. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe? A. Whatever will be, will be.B. The glass is half full not half empty.C. Don‘t put all your eggs in one basket.D. Every cloud has a silver lining. 77. We can infer from the passage that the writer is probably __________. A. a realist B. an optimist C. a defeatist D. a scientist金山区( A ) 1. Exercise Studies show that 30 minutes of mild exercise a day will increase your life span. This doesn‘t mean you have to run three miles or start jumping. Simple activities such as walking, gardening or taking exercise classes will work. 2. Enjoy people Contacts with family and friends help fight life-sapping depression and stress. Studies show that people socialize regularly live longer than loners. Interact daily with family members and friends. If you are isolated, make a point of joining social clubs or church groups so you can laugh and share life‘s joys. 3. Stay mentally active This is very important—use it or lose it! People who allow their mental faculties to decline run the risk of shortening their lives through falls and other injuries, and not being able to take care of themselves. Read the newspaper, visit the public library, balance yourcheckbook without a calculator, and exercise your brain by doing crossword puzzle. 4. Diet 20 / 15Microsoft Surface, ￡399-￡559 Tablets are brilliant for leisure — but what if you want to do a bit of work? No tablet can yet compete with a full-size laptop computer, but this is the only tablet that allows you to use Microsoft Word, Excel and Powerpoint (they are all pre-installed and included in the price) and you can buy a pretty lovely mini- keyboard for typing letters and emails, which also doubles up as the cover. Pros: The Surface is good for watching movies — a bonus when stuck in the airport on a business trip —and surfing the internet. Con: The keyboard is an expensive add-on — costing up to ￡109. It might be cheaper to buy a laptop (though a tablet is much smaller and lighter). Amazon Kindle Paperwhite, ￡109 Nearly all tablets let you download books. It’s a great way to take a mountainous pile of hardbacks on holiday without stuffing your suitcase. But most tablets have a shiny screen —which can be very distracting when you’re trying to read. The Paperwhite is different: its matt screen and crisp black lettering imitate the look of words on paper brilliantly. And yet you can still read the words in the dark. Pros: Easy on the eye, excellent battery life, 180,000 free books (if you subscribe to the Amazon Prime customer loyalty service) plus hundreds of thousands more to buy. Cons: No TV, films,games, internet or camera. 70. The underlined phrase ?stumble across ‘most probably means ?___________‘.A. meet withB. quarrel withC. compare withD. compete with 71. Which of the following about Surface is NOT TRUE?A. The keyboard will add to the cost.B. The keyboard can serve as a cover.C. You have to pay extra to install Microsoft Word.D. You can watch movies or surf the Internet with it.72. If you are a game lover, which tablet is least likely to be your choice?A. LeapPad Explorer 2.B. iPad 4th generation.C. Microsoft Surface.D. Amazon Kindle Paper73. If you want to add something to your prepared PPT for a presentation at a meeting, whichtablet is most helpful? A. LeapPad Explorer 2. B. iPad 4th generation. C. Microsoft Surface. D. Amazon Kindle Paper.(C )We are not who we think we are.The American self-image is suffused with the golden glow of opportunity. We think of the United States as a land of unlimited possibility, not so much a classless society but as a place where class is mutable—a place where brains, energy and ambition are what counts, notthe circumstances of one’s birth.The Economic Mobility Project, an ambitious research initiative led by Pew Charitable Trusts, looked at the economic fortunes of a large group of families over time, comparing the income of parents in the late 1960s with the income of their children in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Here is the finding: \Only 6 percent of children born to parents with family income at the very bottom move to the top.26 / 15That is right, just 6 percent of children born to parents who ranked in the bottom fifth of the study sample, in terms of income, were able to bootstrap their way into the top fifth. Meanwhile, an incredible 42 percent of children born into that lowest quintile are still stuck at the bottom, having been unable to climb a single rung of the income ladder.It is noted that even in Britain-a nation we think of as burdened with a hidebound class system-children who are born poor have a better chance of moving up. When the three studies were released, most reporters focused on the finding that African-Americans born to middle-class or upper middle-class families are earning slightly less, in inflation-adjusted dollars, than did their parents.One of the studies indicates, in fact, that most of the financial gains white families have made in the past three decades can be attributed to the entry of white women into the labor force. This is much less true forAfrican-Americans.The picture that emerges from all the quintiles, correlations and percentages is of a nation in which, overall, \studies notes.The median income of the families in the sample group was $55,600 in the late 1960s; their children’s median family income was measured at $71,900. However, this rising tide has not lifted all boats equally. The rich have seen far greater income gains than have the poor.Even more troubling is that our notion of America as the land of opportunity gets little support from the data. Americans move fairly easily up and down the middle rungs of the ladder, but there is \—four out of ten children who are born poor will remain poor, and four out often who are born rich will stay rich.74. What did the Economic Mobility Project find in its research?A. Children from low-income families are unable to bootstrap their way to the top.B. Hollywood actors and actresses are upwardly mobile from rags to riches.C. The rags to riches story is more fiction than reality.D. The rags to riches story is only true for a small minority of whites.75. It can be inferred from the undertone of the writer that America, as a classless society, should ________.A. perfect its self-image as a land of opportunityB. have a higher level of upward mobility than BritainC. enable African-Americans to have exclusive access to well-paid employmentD. encourage the current generation to work as hard as the previous generation 76. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The US is a land where brains, energy and ambition are what counts.B. Inequality persists between whites and blacks in financial gains.C. Middle-class families earn slightly less with inflation considered.D. Children in lowest-income families manage to climb a single rung of the ladder. 77. What might be the best title for this passage? A. Social Upward Mobility. B. Incredible Income Gains. C. Inequality in Wealth. D. America Not Land of Opportunity.闵行区27 / 15(A)(You may read the questions first.)Calling for Contributions Keen to share your views and have your articles published in the Campus Link? We are calling for contributions to the following sections: Lifestyle: Do you travel widely, keep a journal of your adventures and have nice photographs that you might want to share? Or have you been somewhere that caught your simply imagination? Tell us all about your travels! Are you an eagermovie-goer? Be Leonard Maltin for the day and share your views of the latest blockbuster（大片）with our readers! If food is your preferred choice of relaxation, try your hand at being food critic and send us your views on food/restaurants worth trying. Class Notes: Whether it’s about your accomplishments, memories of campus days, your recent career or a new addition to your family, we welcome you to share your news, views and photos with friends and classmates through Class Notes. Read about your classmates in this issue of Campus Link. If you are interested in sharing any of the above, or if you know of someone worthy of feature, please get in touch with the Editor-in-Chief, at karinyeo@campuslink.sg. Research: Contributions will be selected based on their If this noble line of work is your bread and relevance and quality and Campus Link butter or passion, we want to hear from reserves the right to publish or reject a you! Share with Campus Link your submission（提交的文章）. All contributions will research developments and be edited for clarity and length. Please send breakthroughs. If you know of someone your submissions in word.doc files and your (your schoolmate or teacher) whose photos in jpeg format. research work is a source of inspiration for 66. In the Lifestyle section, you may not find ____________. our community, do not hesitate to send in Contributions for the next issue should reach A. journals of travels B. well-taken photographs yoursuggestions! us by 10 June 2013. C. stories of Leonard Maltin D. opinions on restaurants 67. Which of the following is TRUE about Campus Link? A. It offers readers bread and butter.B. It welcomes research developments and breakthroughs.C. It helps you to recognize your schoolmates and teachers.D. It is a source of inspiration for the community. 68. The poster aims to __________.A. declare the rights of Campus LinkB. introduce someone worthy of feature28 / 15C. share views and articles among teachersD. encourage contributions for the next issue(B)As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.Procrastination is the thief of time and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either.Paralyzed (使失去活力) by their habit to procrastinate, they。
2014上海市高考英语试题真题含答案
上海英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
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试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
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第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn't planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor's speech.C. It made the mayor's view clearer.D. It carried the mayor's speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70. B. 20. C. 25. D. 75.12. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. Those who were unmarried.15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25) ______ I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulders. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had said that (29) ______ ______ ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps, (30) ______ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration.I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______ I realise that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help isnow nearer at hand in the form of the country's first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33) ______ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34) ______ (equip) with security cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35) ______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said: "I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36) ______. The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term automatic shop is far (37) ______ (appropriate)."In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38) ______ (force) village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39) ______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) ______ those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.plan menus for meals or read food _41_ at the supermarket. Since you really _42_ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help _43_ some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to _44_ healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with _45_ hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to _46_ foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains _47_ by looking at the lights on the package. A green light _48_ that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be _49_; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in _50_. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we _52_ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult _53_ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural _54_，of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really _55_ issues.Dunbar _56_ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of socialdevelopment in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—_57_, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the _58_ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or _59_ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar _60_ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the _61_ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to _62_ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be _63_ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more _64_ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one _65_ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A).Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Natureagree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie withtheir bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they doagree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly tofool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. Forexample, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order toprotect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the ploverleads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing.The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by___________.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means_______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?（B）Let's say you want to hit thegym more regularly this year.How do you make thathappen? Consider putting thehabit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there's a cue, something thattells your brain to operateautomatically. Then there's aroutine. And finally, a reward,which helps your brain learn todesire the behavior. It's whatyou can use to create-orbreak-habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, thenpick. a reward-say, a piece ofchocolate when you get homefrom the gym. That way, thecue and the reward becomeinterconnected. Finally, whenyou see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward,which will make it easier towork out day after day. Thebest part? In a couple of weeks,you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. "This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to_________.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that____________.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a darkskinned digital character, __________.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that_________.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014年上海英语高考试卷word版附答案 2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(上海卷)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海卷英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Gel her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.C. It made the mayor’s view clearer.D. It earned the mayor’s sp eech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. he cabins and facilitiesD. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing B. A special communityC. A splendid mountainD. A successful businesswomanQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cantC. How unmarried people surviveD. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and aMr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far (37)______ (appropriate)In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim52. A. occasionally53. A. social54. A. admirers55. A. vital56. A. confirms57. A. for instance58. A. motivation59. A. attack60. A. recalls61. A. prospect62. A. measure63. A. saved64. A. common65. A. indirect B. descriptionB. habituallyB. politicalB. mastersB. sensitiveB. rejectsB. in additionB. appearanceB. contactB. deniesB. responsibilityB. showB. extendedB. efficientB. dailyC. gossipC. independentlyC. historicalC. usersC. idealC. outlinesC. on the contraryC. emotionC. inspectionC. concludesC. leadershipC. maintainC. consumedC. scientificC. physicalD. languageD. originallyD. culturalD. wastersD. difficultD. broadensD. as a resultD. behaviourD. assistanceD. confessesD. protectionD. easeD. gainedD. ThoughtfulD. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animalscan't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animalexperts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird calledthe plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year. How do you make that happen? Consider putting the habit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First, there's a cue, something that tells your brain to operate automatically. Then there's a routine. And finally, a reward, which helps your brain learn to desire the behavior. It's what you can use to create-or break-habits of your own.Here's how to apply it:home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brain will start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body. Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that oncefeeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digitalcharacter, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. TheNevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014年高三上海市英语一模答案汇总
2013学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语学科答案及听力文字稿第I 卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 ABDDC 6-10 CADADSection B11-13 CAD 14-16 CABSection C17. previous 18. access 19. repetition 20. oral21.photographs / snaps / takes/shoots a picture22.focusing on shooting / photographing / snapping23.time and position24.stress and self-doubtII. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A) 25. where 27. something 28. taking 29. When/After 30. a/one 31. listed32. On 33. what 34. to eat(B) 35. could 36. because 37. more 37. if 38. but 39. another 40. is giving Section B41. G 42. C 43. K 44. A 45. E 46. F 47. B 48. D 49. H 50. JIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACBDA 56-60 BDACA 61-65 CABCA P.F. Productions后期制作Section B66-69 ACDD 70-73 CDAB 74-77 ADABSection C78.manufacture more goods with fewer workers79.effect on employment and major changes in jobs80.wages, leisure hours and living standards81.Union’s policy concerning the protection of union members第II 卷I. Translation1.Mr. Green is going to visit\see a friend this Sunday, who knows a lot about moneymatters.2.It remains to be discussed whether people will delay retiring. /Whether people will delayretiring remains to be discussed.3.However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it.4.Many companies put more emphasis on personality than on capability when they employstaff members. P.F. Productions后期制作5.If both the parties can agree on these issues, they are likely to further cooperate（havefurther cooperation）in the new field.黄浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷参考答案第I卷1-5 ADDAC 6-10 DCDAC11-13 BCD 14-16 ADC17. Australia 18. grams 19. airmail 20. 1321. leg of lamb 22. fruit salad 23. brown rice 24. red wine25. if 26. putting 27. have given / gave / give 28. what 29. that30. as though / as if 31. can / must / should / could 32. to hear 33.other34. were mixed 35. through 36. taking 37. the38. printed 39. older 40. which / that41-45 HJEBD 46-50 AKIGC51-55 ADCBA 56-60 BADAB 61-65 DBCAC66-69 BABC 70-73 DACD 74-77 DADB78. their actions bring death or damage to others79. keep their emotions under control80. Street walkers and cyclists who ignore traffic regulations.81. raised standard for vehicle and lowered speed limits期制作第II卷I. Translation1. He always pretends / is always pretending to know what he doesn’t know.2. He didn’t take part in the interview, which cost him a well-paid job.3. By comparison / Comparatively speaking / Relatively speaking, the threatcaused by pollution is more serious than that of illness.4. Libraries are not available in many remote schools so that some children havenever read any book(s) except textbooks.5. Only after he stayed in America for some time did he know / realize how poorhis knowledge of the country was.杨浦区2013学年度第一学期高三年级学业质量调研英语答案2014. 1I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short conversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: How much are the red roses?W: $30 a dozen, but I can give you a 10% discount. They’re on sale today.Q: How much should the man pay for a dozen red roses? (C)2. W: Sir, please take me to Beijing Hotel quickly, or I’ll be late for an appointment.M: I’ll try, but you know the traffic in Beijing. It will take at least forty minutes in rush hours.Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? (D)3. W: Tom, you look awful today. What’s wrong with you?M: I haven’t taken any exam for years after graduation, so I feel a little nervous for the coming exams.Q: What do we know about Tom? (A)4. M: Miss, can you give me change for a dollar so that I can make a phone call at the call box?W: Sorry, sir. I’m not allowed to give change without a purchase. But you’ll find a change machine in front of the jewelry store.Q: Where does the woman suggest the man get change? (D)5. M: I’m going to drop my Information Science class. It begins too early in the morning.W: Is that really a good reason to drop the class, Tony?Q: What does the woman mean? (B)6. W: Sir, may I help you?M: Yes, did the cleaning staff find a wallet in the room that I just checked out of?Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? (C)7. W: Your coat is all wet. Is it raining heavily outside?M: Yes. I should have listened to the weatherman. But the sunny and windy weather in the morning deceived me.Q: What did the weatherman say about the weather in the afternoon? (D)8. M: How are you getting on with your experiment?W: In spite of my continuous failure, I have already made some progress.Q: What can we learn about the woman’s experiment? (C)9. W: Is the person in the black shirt your boss, Tom?M: No, my boss is on business now. But if I didn’t know my boss was the only child in his family, I would have thought that man was his twin brother.Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (D)10. W: Professor Newman, a few of us at the back didn’t get a copy of your reading assignment.M: Well, there’re only 38 names on my class list. And I didn’t bring any spare copies.Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (A)Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Teachers might want to think twice about posting ―no gum-chewing‖ signs in the classroom. It turns out that the sticky substance might help students concentrate.Researchers had two groups of 20 people each listen to a 30-minute recording that included a sequence of numbers. After listening, the participants were asked to remember the sequence. But only one group chewed gum – and they had higher accuracy rates and faster reaction times than the non-gum chewers. Those chewing gum also maintained focus longer during the exercise.The researchers say that gum increases the flow of oxygen to regions of the brain responsible for attention. More oxygen can keep people alert. Research also shows that you won’t get the same effect by just pretending to chew gum.So the next time your mind is wandering in class, maybe try some gum. If it doesn’t help you concentrate, you’ll at least be asked to leave.(Now listen again) Questions:11.What’s the passage mainly about? (A)12.What are participants asked to do after listening to the recording? (B)13.How can people improve attention and focus? (D)Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.United States (Ohio) - Firefighters battled more than a house fire Wednesday as Mother Nature blew in snow and temperatures in the low 20s. A neighbor called the Geneva Fire Department at 12:59 p.m., reporting seeing the garage on fire at 6619 N. Ridge W., Fire Chief Doug Starkey said.Upon arrival, firefighters found a fully involved garage fire and flames and smoke coming out of the second floor of the house.―The roof of the house was burning off,‖ he said.No one was injured.A pet dog was inside the house at the time, but escaped without injury, Starkey said.―We made entry into the first floor of the house and tried to save some of the homeowner’s possessions,‖ he said. ―Overall, it was a total loss.‖Firefighters did not bring the fire under control until about 2:30 p.m. Madison, Harpersfield and Saybrook fire departments provided assistance in battling the house fire, which was exceptionally difficult in the bitter cold, firefighters said.Although it has not been confirmed, it appears the fire started in the area of the garage, Starkey said.Firefighters did not clear the scene until 4:45 p.m..(Now listen again)Questions:14. How long did it take the firefighters to bring the fire under control? (A)15. Why did the Geneva firefighters ask for assistance from other fire departments? (D)16. Where did the fire most probably start? (C)Section C Longer conversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Mr. Turner’s office. Can I help you?M: Yeah. Hi. This is Steve at Beijing International Travel Service. Is Mr. Turner in, please?W: No, I'm sorry, he’s at a meeting right now. May I take a message?M: Umm ... I’ve got Mr. Turner booked on a flight for Sydney next Tuesday. Can you take down the information?W: Sure.M: Okay. It’s Northwest Flight 907, which leaves Tuesday at eight a.m.W: Okay. That’s Northwest Flight 907, leaving Tuesday at eight a.m.M: If Mr Turner has any question, call me at 772-1852.W: Okay. That’s 772-18-?M: 52. He can reach me at this number during office hours.W: I'll tell him. And I’ll give him yo ur message.M: Right. Umm ... I’ll send the ticket over later tomorrow afternoon, if that’s okay.W: Oh, sure. That’d be fine.M: Okay. Thanks lot. Bye.W: Bye-bye ...Blacks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.W: Hey, Ben, how are things going?M: Pretty well, Aunt Mary. Sandy and I are talking about starting a business. What do you think? W: That’s great. What kind of business are you interested in starting?M: Well, I’ve been thinking about setting up a little company that makes smartphone apps. But we really don’t know anything about starting a business.W: It sounds like a business plan would help you.M: I have a business plan. I just told you—I’m going to make apps.W: No, no, Ben. That’s a business idea. A business plan is a written outline of what you are going to do, why and how you are going to do it.M: Oh I see. Actually I’m more worried about the financial aspects of starting a business.W: Your business plan should predict your operational costs and the profit.M: That would be a good indicator of how feasible my business idea is.W: Right. The other thing is that you will need a business plan if you are going to attract investors or get business loans.M: All right, but how do I set about writing a business plan?W: There are plenty of online resources to help you. Most libraries also have books that walk you through the steps of writing a plan.M: Thank you for your advice.（Now listen again）17. International 18. Sydney 19. Northwest 20. 772185221. start a company 22. financial aspects 23. attract investors24. online resources25. amusing 26. admitted 27. has climbed 28. where29. to take 30. to be sending 31. A 32. between33. stretched 34. either 35. might 36. how37. No matter how 38. others 39. as long as 40. are struggling41-50 D K H J B F A I E G51-65 A B C D A C C D B A B C A A D66-69 B D C A70-73 B C A B74-77 D B A C78.She was kidnapped and murdered within 24 hours.79.the security/safety of human rights activists80.By issuing a real-time GPS location of the victim81.building an organization to respond to the alarm and training the wearers.Translation1. Tom is absent from school today because he is infected with a flu.2. Due to the high living cost in Shanghai, many young couples have no intention to have a second child.3. Only when the government takes serious measures can we expect the real improvement in air quality.4. How ridiculous it is that the sign language interpreter on the stage is a mental patient!5. What excited people all over the country was that China became the third country to softland an unmanned spacecraft on the (surface of the) moon.闵行区2013学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷参考答案第I卷一、参考答案1. C2. B3. A4. D5. C6. A7. D8. D9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. C17. 1275 18. credit 19. counter 20. given / provided/ remembered 21. the (their) dormitory deposit 22. off campus 23. peaceful and quiet 24. money25. Despite 26.talking 27. so that 28. experience29. If 30. but 31. might / would 32. It33. were 34. that / which 35. to learn 36. that37. more important 38.is / will be 39. yours 40. learning41. H 42. D 43. J 44. B 45. F 46. A 47. K 48. C 49. I 50. G 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. B 61. C 62. A 63. B 64. A 65. C 66. C 67. B 68. D 69. D 70. D 71. B 72. A 73. D 74. D 75. B 76. A 77. C78. Customers’ environmental concerns / Customers’ awareness of environmental considerationsand effects79. it is environmentally responsible / it enjoys environmental reputation80. cutting carbon emission81. informing customers about what they are doing towards cutting emissions / taking actions to cut emission and informing customers about it2013学年第一学期青浦区高三年级期终学业质量调研测试英语试卷英语试卷录音文字稿及参考答案第I卷一、录音文字稿I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short conversations1. M: Did you go to the volleyball match last Sunday?W: Oh, yes. It was supposed to start at 1:30, but it was delayed for 15 minutes.Q: When did the match start? (B)2. M: Excuse me. Can I change planes in Chicago?W: A moment please. Sorry, there is no direct flight from Chicago to New York.Q: Where does this conversation probably take place? (B)3. W: Hi, Mr. Mark. Sorry that I failed again in your subject, but I really tried.M: No one succeeds every time. You will have more chances.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? (C)4. W: Where is the Art Museum, please? I thought it is somewhere near here.M: You’re close! Go up to the light in front of us. Then walk two blocks west.Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (D)5. M: There is a little cloud in the morning, and it will be clear in the afternoon.W: Great! We can go on that picnic as planned.Q: What will the weather be like in the afternoon? (B)6. M: I think one outfit is enough for the reception.W: If I were you, I’d prepare two. In case some unexpected things happen.Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (C)7. M: I just read your blood test report, and everything seems OK.W: Well, then there is nothing to worry about.Q: How does the woman probably feel? (B)8. W: This is so annoying. Where did I leave my mobile phone?M: My God! It’s the third time this week.Q: What does the man mean? (A)9. W: My parents let Rob travel abroad, but they aren’t letting me.M: The expense for two children can be too much.Q: Why is the woman not allowed to travel abroad? (B)10.M: Here, let me drive. We are already late for the party.W: Sorry, I thought I knew the way there.Q: What can we learn from the conversation? (A)Section B PassagesQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Michelle has finally realized one of her lifelong dreams. She always wanted to attend the cooking school that her advisor, Mr. Brown, attended. The school, which is in Paris, accepts only 80 students every year. The students who are accepted generally have at least three years of cooking experience. Michelle has five years of paid experience.The project that attracted the attention of Mr. Brown, however, was a cake that Michelle made for a wedding. Mr. Brown had never tasted a cake that was so light and creamy as the one that Michelle made. He couldn’t wait to give Michelle his card and invited her to bake cakes at his restaurant beginning the next month. It was his invitation that enabled Michelle to begin her career baking for a large restaurant so that she could make her dream come true. Right now, Michelle is waiting anxiously for the plane that will fly her to Paris. There she will begin the three-month course that Mr. Brown once attended. Michelle is very thankful to her advisor Mr. Brown and she is determined to perform well in the training course.Questions:11. What’s one of Michelle’s lifelong dreams? (C)12. How did Michelle get the chance to work in Paris? (C)13. What kind of person is Michelle? (D)Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.Group buying is an approach to shopping that enables several consumers to obtain some sort of group discount when buying specific goods or service.For businessmen, a group buying site provides excellent benefits. Through group shopping, it would be easier for them to promote their products and get more sales. It is also a good way to establish their brand in the market. It is also beneficial for buyers because of the cheaper deals that they can enjoy. So even if they have a tight budget, money would not be a problem any more.Consumers considering a purchase from group buying website should be aware of what goods and services are being offered and what is not included in the deal;check the terms and conditions of sales on group buying websites carefully; check with the website to see if they can get the money back in case the service provider goes out of business.There is still great market demand for online group buying, though a large number of companies began to enter the market causing a big bubble in the industry. As soon as the ―bubble‖ bursts, the group buying business model will definitely undergo relatively healthy development.Questions:14. What does the passage mainly talk about? (C)15. How can consumers ensure the safety of online buying? (D)16. What can we learn from the passage? (D)Section C Longer conversationsBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Welcome to this job interview. Mr. Jones. Can you tell me something about yourself?M: Well, I went to Cambridge University to study resource development for five years.I got my diploma in 2002.W: Where did you work after that?M: I tried my first job in a shopping company, I joined the sales department, I worked as a clerk for only one year.W: Why only one year?M: Because the job was boring, and the staff was not as friendly as I had expected. W: So what position do you want to apply for this time?M: Well, I like challenges and I’m always ready for them. Any position is OK. I really want to be given another chance.Blacks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.W: Do you have somewhere to stay in Sydney, Alex?M: No, I don’t. In fact, I was about to ask you if you could ar range some place for me to stay.W: No problem, though I’m not in charge of it. I’ll ask someone else to arrange it for you. What kind of place were you considering?M: Well, I don’t care if I share with other people, but I’m not good at housework.Maybe a home stay would be OK, but I don’t like young children, because they’re noisy and it’s difficult to focus on study. Hopefully, I can live with a lady who has retired.W: OK, I got it. But I must warn you that living with a family in Sydney is much more expensive than other small cities.M: That’s not a big problem. I have some money saved. Besides, I can always get a part-time job. I’m working in a supermarket as a cashier now. So I don’t think Iwill have trouble with money.W: Sounds good. I’ll call you if I get some information about that.M: OK, that’s great. Many thanks.W: You’re welcome.1-10 BBCDB CBABA 11-13 CCD 14-16 CDD17. Resource. 18. 5/Five. 19. clerk. 20. challenging21. home stay 22. retired lady23. the high(er) expenses/costs/prices24. a (supermarket) cashier(A)25. to give 26. the 27. can 28. whatever 29. leaves/has left30. paying 31. more impressive 32. had been(B)33. but 34. at 35. was covered 36. that 37. because 38. laid39. which 40. hitting41-50 B D K F I A J G C H51-55 BAADC56-60 ADBCC61-65 BADDBReading:(A) 66-69 BCDC(B) 70-73 DBAA(C) 74-77 CDAB简答题78. writing (ability), essay writing79. write poorly/ roughly/messily/ in a rough way80. Because the students’ handwriting will be hard to recognize.81. students should practice handwriting more often/students should not neglect the importance of handwriting.第II卷I. （中译英）1. The new coffee shop makes a profit of 5000 yuan every month.2. He was reluctant to admit that he had thrown the keys into the dustbin on purpose.3. Due to/Because of the thick fog, dozens of vehicles were involved in the accidentwhich happened on highway G15.4. It is a good idea to encourage old people to help out in nurseries in theneighborhood /community, which enables/can enable them to play their full part.5. Contrary to our expectation/what we had expected, the funfair organized by thestudents was so interesting that two hours had passed/gone by before we realized it.II. 作文（略）松江区试卷参考答案2014.1 I. Listening Comprehension1-----5 DCCBC 6------10 DADDB11---13 ADC 14------16 CBB17. Sydney 18. 750 19. airmail 20. 1321. a manager 22. Handling angry customers23. 15 years 24. wonderful productsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A: Grammar(A)25. the most widely 26. can 27. an 28. which 29.for30. that 31. invented 32. has reflected/has been reflecting(B)33. ringing 34. Though 35. is involved 36. both37. because 38. paying 39. that 40. to devoteSection B: Vocabulary41. F 42. J. 43. C 44. D 45. H 46. B 47. K 48. G 49. A 50. E III. Reading ComprehensionSection A51—55 CBCBD 56—60 BAAAC 61—65 DDCBASection B66------69 CBDA70------72 CBB73------77 ADBCASection C78. the client and the law itself79. To separate/separating members of the public from those involved in proceedings80. every aspect of life81. By negotiating a settlement or by presenting arguments in courtI. Translation1.Eco-tourism seems to be developing quickly in the world.1 1 1 12. As senior three students, we should know how to adjust mental state.1 1 1 13. The problem is well worth discussing because it is closely related to our future life.1 1 1 14.Only after he experienced the unforgettable trip, did he realize that those who bring1 1 1 1happiness to others are /were the happiest in the world.15.Despite the fact that haze has greatly influenced people’s daily life, up to now1 1 1the government has not found a practical/feasible solution to it.1 1闸北区高三年级第一学期英语学科期末练习卷（2014.1）1. D2. D3. C4. B5. B6. B7. B8. C9. C 10. B11-13 DCB 14-16 AAC17. BX3256 18. eyesight 19. 340 20. Cash.21. Electronic bridge. 22. Customer type. 23. Security key. 24. Mobile payment.25. after 26. moving 27. educated 28. were beaten 29. because of 30. the 31. that/which 32. hottest33. what 34. building 35. must 36. where 37. when 38. However 39. to help 40. has donated41 G 42. H 43. A 44. J 45. E 46. K 47. B. 48. D 49. C 50 F51-55 BDACB 56-60 ADACB 61-65 ACABC66-69 CBDC 70-73 CCAA 74-77 BDBB78. stating a minimum number of prison years for certain crimes79. A new and more complicated way of criminal information analysis.80. Community service.81. lack of resources1.Video chat has been more and more popular with people.2.Will the insurance company pay for all the damages in case the furniture is destroyed in thefire?3.Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings. 4．Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are anxious to lose weight can’t replace well-balanced meals with fruits.5. Only through reading widely can one master knowledge and become a talent that the competitive 21st century calls for.虹口区2014届高三第一学期期终教学质量监控测试参考答案第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1~5 ccbab 6~10 dbcadSection B11~13 add 14~16 bdcSection C17. ill / sick 18. weather19. changing 20. pay21. support his family 22. radio factory23. skilled technician 24. pass the testsII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. an 26. was given 27. before 28. making29. It 30. can’t 31. had set 32. being33. that 34. what 35. over 36. more effective 37. would 38. to deal 39. planned 40. because of Section B41~45 dbeaf 46~50 hjikgIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51~55 bacca 56~60 dbadb 61~65 acbadSection B66~69 cdbd 70~73 bbda 74~77 bcadSection C78. missing opportunities for promotion when abroad79. Positive.80. Ability to speak the client’s language81. better control the whole negotiation process第II卷I. Translation1.It is pretty easy for us to fall behind without effort.2.If convenient, please arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport.3.It has been raining for two weeks, so the coach has no choice but to consider putting off thematch.II. Guided Writing略金山区2013学年第一学期期末考试高三英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A Section B11. A 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. CSection C17. library 18. psychology 19. sweater 20. morning21. orange juice 22. part-time employee 23. late for work 24. in the newspaperII. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. instead of 26. thicker 27. before 28. to protect29. burning 30. it 31. a 32. came33. named 34. As 35. how 36. would get37. roll 38. on 39. was amazed 40. which/ thatSection B41.G 42. B 43.I 44.D 45.A 46.C. 47.F 48.K 49.J 50.HIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A51-55 ACABC 56-60 DBCDC 61-65 ACBDASection B66—69 BCCA70—73 CBBC74—77 CAADSection C78. Because their children spend more time with them than with the teacher.79. Through informal tea, interviews and reporting pupil’s progress.80. engage in activities that have a mathematical basis81. the best utilization of the many hours第Ⅱ卷I. Translation1. I don’t think what I have said today can(will) change others’ attitude（s）towards me.2. It is said that the company will give a banquet this evening in honor of the experts fromAustralia.3. Many people are willing to wait in a long queue to buy the ticket for the concert.4. When I worked as a volunteer in Africa, my relatives and friends were anxious for my safereturn soon5. It is time to take action to control the quantity of（the）private cars so as to relieve the traffic burden during the rush hours.。
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松江区2013学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分150分，完卷时间120分钟）2014.1第Ⅰ卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A（10分）Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a grocery store. B. At an oil market.C. At a science museum.D. At a gallery.2. A. What to take up as a hobby. B. How to keep fit.C. How to handle pressure.D. What to play with.3. A. A teacher. B. An electrician.C. A dentist.D. A salesman.4. A. The man is expecting the telephone. B. He doesn’t usually get calls at this time.C. He doesn’t believe the woman.D. He has had too many phone calls.5. A. 145 minutes. B. 120 minutes.C. 130 minutes.D. 160 minutes.6. A. Give him a map. B. Cut his hair for him.C. Drive him to the pool.D. Show him another route.7. A. Mary is far from being ready. B. Mary is not going to the airport.C. Mary is unwilling to pack her luggage.D. Mary will finish packing her luggage soon.8. A. In a different way. B. In a display-room.C. From the woman.D. From an advertisement.9. A. Colleagues. B. Classmates.C. Employer and employee.D. Mother and son.10. A. Go for a picnic. B. Help his sister move.C. Go out of town.D. See a movie.Section B （12分）Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. What to do when you are caught in a fire.B. How to help others in a fire.C. When to leave the burning house.D. Why to call 119 when it is on fire.12. A. Because taking the lift is so slow.B. Because the fire can burn you.C. Because the lift may keep you safe.D. Because the lift may not work.13. A. Feel whether the door is cool before opening it.B. Keep down close to the floor.C. Call 120 in case of emergency.D. Shout loudly to remind the others.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The woman will be punished.B. They will become friends.C. The man will be punished.D. They will be husband and wife.15. A. Romantic. B. Clever. C. Friendly. D. Humorous.16. A. To please him.B. To make the police believe he had broken the traffic rule.C. To make fun of him.D. To celebrate the chance God gave them.Section C （8分）Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A（16分）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)English is (25) ________ (widely) used language in the history of our planet. One in every seven human beings (26) ________ speak it. More than half of the world’s books and three quarters of international mail are in English. Of all languages, English has the largest vocabulary — perhaps as many as two million words.However, let’s face it: English is a crazy language. There is no egg in (27) ________ eggplant, neither pine nor apple in a pineapple and no ham in a hamburger. Sweet-meats are candy, while sweetbreads, (28) ________ aren’t sweet, are meat.We take English (29) _______ granted. But when we explore its paradoxes (矛盾), we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, public bathrooms have no baths in them.And why is it (30) ________ a writer writes, but fingers don’t fing, grocers don’t groce, and hammers don’t ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn’t the plural of booth be beeth?How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can overlook and oversee be opposites, while quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next?So far English, (31) ________ (invent) by people not computers, (32) ________ (reflect) the creativity of human beings.（B）The (33) ________ (ring) bell indicated the end of the last class on Friday afternoon. Students swarmed out of the classrooms and headed back to their dormitories. Only Xiao Di headed to another classroom. ―Go ahead and have dinner. Don’t wait for me,‖ the 20-year-old told her friends. ―I have to get to a good seat for my minor subject.‖Like Xiao, many students are signing up for minor subjects in their spare time. (34) ________ the reasons are different, they all believe that taking a minor subject is a rewarding experience.Li Keren, 22, is a senior who (35) ________ (involve) in finance at Tianjin University of Finance & Economics now. He enrolled in international finance as his minor subject and managed to stay on top in (36) ________ of his major and minor subjects.―Different from most students, I pay equal attention to my major and minor subject,‖ he says. He thinks that students have signed up for minor subjects (37) ________ they have the energy and time to do so. The disadvantage of (38) ________ (pay) less attention to a minor subject, according to Li, is (39) ________ students may not get a comprehensive understanding of the subject.Therefore, what students should do is (40) ________ (devote) the same energy and time to their major subject as before, while sacrificing their spare time to work on their minor subject. ―Considering your future, it’s a worthwhile effort,‖ he says.Section B （10分）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.When asked about one interview candidate who impressed her most, Christine, an HR manager at an investment company cited an example of a(n) 41 who had prepared well. ―He seemed very prepared to work for our company during the interview. He 42 good research on the company’s core business and also the industry in general,‖ she said.This suggests that HR managers expect candidates to do their homework 43 , but how? Here are some tips to 44 your chances of getting a job.Search the Web and research the 45 of the company and the people who you think are going to be interviewing you. Learn exactly what it is that they do and how you would fit in with the company. Most importantly, try to un derstand the ―culture‖ of the company, which is to say its underlying 46 ; the HR departments often state missions and give 47 statements. You need to communicate in a way that 48 their company standards; this will show that you can fit in that organization. Understand a little of what their 49 are doing. This will show that you’ve bothered to find out where their position in the market is.Just as important is your own personal preparation. Think about the key things you want to communicate and why you would be ideal for the job. Think about how you can sound 50 without sounding desperate -- how you can sell yourself.Generally, wear a suit (and also a tie for guys), but the dress code depends on the job you are going for. When you study the company culture, check what is expected in this area also.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that 51 consumer photography anddominated the film market for decades, but finally failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many peo ple owe Kodak’s downfall to ―complacency (自满)‖, that 52 turns to a blind eye to the long time which the company spent in reinventing itself. Decades ago, Kodak foresaw that digital photography would unavoidably 53 film — and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a 54 decision, the company chose to 55 its new discovery and went on focusing on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was 56 to the future, but rather that it failed to carry out a strategy to face it, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School. By the time the company realized its 57 , it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but 58 failed. Large companies have a difficult time 59 into new markets because they always attempt to put existing assets(资产) into the new businesses.Although Kodak predicted the 60 rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too 61 the successes of the past. Therefore, it is impossible for them to make the clean break, which is necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a burden.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was 62 . In 1976, its products 63 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new 64 from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which defeated Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s 65 not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The golden chance went to Fuji instead, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.51. A. prepared B. preferred C. pioneered D. promised52. A. result B. explanation C. purpose D. measure53. A. charge B. overcome C. replace D. resist54. A. fruitful B. fateful C. useful D. hopeful55. A. share B. show C. shift D. shelf56. A. sensitive B. blind C. accessible D. resistant57. A. mistake B. decision C. fear D. concept58. A. eventually B. necessarily C. flexibly D. naturally59. A. switching B. looking C. falling D. plunging60. A. critical B. reasonable C. inevitable D. essential61. A. related to B. concerned about C. involved in D. trapped in62. A. common B. average C. regular D. dramatic63. A. decided on B. contributed to C. accounted for D. benefited from64. A. chance B. competition C. hope D. means65. A. decision B. effort C. regret D. accessSection B （24分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is Followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Want a glimpse of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient – no matter where he or she may be.Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptoms are the most obvious examples. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis (telemedicine) will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using an off-the-shelf (现成的) PDA (personal data assistance) such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patient’s vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first-aid kit (急救包), the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster response –especially after earthquakes. Overall, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertise.But there is one problem. Bandwidth (频带宽度) is the limiting factor for transmitting complex medical images around the world –CT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes, wars or famines. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of distributed medical intelligence.Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should usher in (迎来) an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, expert opinion and diagnosis are common.66. The basis of remote diagnosis will be ____________.A. personal data assistanceB. standardized symptoms of a patientC. real physiological data from a patientD. transmitted complex medical images67. The sentence ―the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thingof the past‖ mean s ____________.A. patients used to cry and ask if there was a doctor in the houseB. now people probably will not ask if there is a doctor in the houseC. patients are now still asking if there is a doctor in the houseD. in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the house68. The word ―problem‖ in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that ____________.A. CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumersB. there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligenceC. communications satellites can only cope with the short-term needs during disastersD. bandwidth is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the world69. A proper title for the passage may be ____________.A. The Online Doctor Is inB. Improvement in CommunicationC. How to Make Remote DiagnosisD. Application of Telemedicine作Ticket valid (有效的) for 1 year from date of issue.Conditions:(1)The company will do its best to carry the passenger and luggage at the times advertised.Timetables may, however, change suddenly and flights be cancelled.(2) Passengers who arrive late and miss their flights will have to buy new tickets.(3) Any damage to luggage must be reported in writing within seven days.(4) If passengers carry more luggage than they are allowed, they must pay extra.(5) Passengers must have with them all the necessary official papers.(6) Passengers must pay their own airport tax.(7) Passengers may carry a small bag with them on to the plane. It must not weigh more than 7kg.It must be put in an overhead locker or on the floor under the seat in front of the passenger.(8) Passengers may not carry any sharp objects on to the aeroplane.(9) Dangerous objects may not be put in luggage. Acids, things which catch fire easily and poisonsare not allowed.(10) Passengers must do as the captain orders them.(11) No smoking is allowed anywhere on the aeroplane.(12) Mobile phones and similar pieces of equipment must be switched off.70. Which of these actions is not against the conditions?A. Forgetting your passport.B. Smoking in the toilets.C. Carrying a mobile phone.D. Having a pair of scissors in your hand luggage.71. According to the passage, which statement is NOT TRUE?A. You can change the dates of travel during a twelve-month period.B. The airline must accept responsibility if a flight does not happen.C. The cost of the ticket does not include airport tax.D. The captain has full authority on his plane.72. How much luggage may the passenger take free of charge on this ticket?A. 30 kg.B. 37 kg.C. 60 kg.D. 67 kg.(C)Scientists have long believed one way to stop the Earth’s atmosphere from warming is by planting more trees. The idea is that more trees will take in or absorb some of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a gas released by cars, factories and other human activities. The gas traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, which warms the planet. However, two new studies have found that trees may not be as helpful in reducing carbon dioxide as thought.The first study was done at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Researchers pumped extra carbon dioxide into a test area where pine trees were growing. The trees grew thirty-four percent faster during the first three years. However, in time, the trees slowed to about their normal growth rate. The scientists say this is because trees need other nutrients, such as nitrogen.In the second study, researchers from Duke and Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine examined the soil around trees. They discovered that as the leaves broke down into the soil, all the carbon was not trapped in the soil. Much of it was released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.The findings of the two studies were published last month in Nature magazine. They suggest there is limited value in planting trees to reduce the carbon dioxide pollution in the atmosphere.Forest planting has been a part of negotiations on a world agreement to reduce greenhouse gases that scientists believe cause global warming. The United States, Canada, Japan and some other industrial countries have supported the idea. But this new research suggests the idea is not as effective as environmental activists had thought. Scientist Ram Oren of Duke University led the study on tree growth. He says that earlier estimates on the ability of forests to absorb carbon dioxide were overly hopeful.Some scientists not involved in the studies say the research provides some of the first evidence on how trees react to carbon dioxide. Other scientists say the research disputes a belief among some coal and power companies. The companies say that more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will not create harmful global warming. Instead, they say it will increase forests and other plants.73. What is the purpose of this passage?A. Introduce some new ideas about the relationship between trees and carbon dioxide.B. Introduce recent condition of global industrial pollution.C. Call on people to plant more trees to reduce greenhouse gases.D. Point out that power companies should be responsible for the rising levels of carbon dioxide.74. Why did the researchers put trees in extra carbon dioxide in the first study?A. To learn whether trees can still absorb carbon dioxide under extreme conditions.B. To get more oxygen from these trees.C. To evaluate the maximum carbon dioxide that trees can absorb.D. To see the effect of carbon dioxide on the growth rate of these trees.75. What happened to the leaves falling from the trees in the second study?A. They broke down and the main parts turned into oxygen.B. They broke down and the carbon content had mainly turned into carbon dioxide.C. They broke down and the carbon content was mainly absorbed in the soil.D. They absorbed more carbon dioxide.76. Scientist Ram Oren thinks that common beliefs of the tree’s ability to absorb carbon dioxideare ____________.A. appropriateB. pessimisticC. over-optimisticD. convincing77. The word ―dispute‖ (Line 2, Para.6) probably refers to ____________.A. questionB. supportC. maintainD. acceptSection C （8分）Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An attorney is an agent authorized to act for a person or concern. An attorney at law, or lawyer, is an officer of a court of law who acts as an agent in legal proceedings. This means that lawyers must serve two masters. One master is the client. Lawyers use the law and the legal system to protect and serve the needs of clients. The other master is the law itself. Lawyers must uphold the law, which is based on the U.S. Constitution, written legislation, and past court decisions.Almost all aspiring lawyers attend a law school approved by the bar association of the state in which they want to practice. A bar association is a professional group for lawyers. The term bar is taken from the historic structure of a courtroom. A lawyer who has ―passed the bar‖ could step beyond the bar or railing that separated members of the public from those involved in proceedings. Each state offers its own bar examination. Some states recognize attorneys qualified elsewhere, but most states require attorneys to pass that state’s bar exam before they can practice there.The law is extremely complex and changes constantly as new legislation is issued and new interpretations win favorable rulings in the courts. Every aspect of life, from artistic production and sports to taxes, is a specialty area in law. Two specialties are corporate law and criminal law.A corporate attorney handles legal matters for businesses. Much of this work involves affairs such as employment contracts, arrangements for loans, rental agreements, and joints with other companies. Sometimes businesses must appear in court, in which case they need a corporate attorney who is also a litigator (律师诉讼人). Litigation is a conflict that is taken to court. A litigator files the lawsuit and helps the client resolve the conflict, either by negotiating a settlement or by presenting arguments in court.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.）78. The two masters lawyers must serve are ___________________________________________.79. What is the function of the bar or railing?___________________________________________________________________________.80. With constant changing of the law, ___________________________ is a specialty area in law.81. How can a corporate attorney help the client to settle the problem?___________________________________________________________________________.第Ⅱ卷（47分）I. Translation （22分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 生态旅游似乎正在全世界迅速发展。