浅谈六氟化硫气体回收再利用-英文

Of sulfur hexafluoride gas recovery and reuse[Abstract] The electrical insulation in the sulfur hexafluoride sulfur hexafluoride gas was recovered in the re-use overview of the sulfur hexafluoride gas management, testing and maintenance work, Reflections.[Key words] sulfur hexafluoride gas; recovery of gas; re-use of1 IntroductionAs China's economy continues to develop, as well as the rapid growth of electricity demand, electricity industry is also constantly adapt to social development is undergoing tremendous change. From the early 19th century, 80 of China's first 500KV substation and the first 500KV line put into operation until the early 20th century rural power network, network reform and now the Three Gorges Power Delivery. Electric power industry has entered a full stone face advancing west to east, north and south and the national network for each new era. Power of technology and the application of electrical equipment at the same time are experiencing the change and development. Using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as dielectric switches, transformers, transformers, switchgear (GIS), etc. Similarly, in the power system was inverted to the rapid development and wide range of applications.2 SF6 Gas2.1 SF6 Gas basic characteristics ofSF6 gas under normal temperature and pressure with a high stability, are inert gases. In the usual state is a colorless, tasteless, odorless, non-toxic, non-natural gas, at room temperature will not come into contact with chemical changes in the material. As the gas density is much greater than the air density is about five times the air; so easy to SF6 in the air naturally sink down to the lower part of the space SF6 gas concentration, and difficult to spread dilution.2.2 The insulation and cooling properties ofSF6 gas is a high electric strength of gas medium. SF6 gas due to negative charge, make it has excellent insulating properties. In a homogeneous electric field, dielectric strength and insulation oil the same. In the extinguished arc and instantaneous discharge temperature range has a good heat exchange properties.Since SF6 gas has a non-combustible properties, and has excellentinsulating properties and arc-quenching properties, it is widely used in high voltage electrical equipment.2.3 SF6 greenhouse gasSF6 gas as a non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases in the atmosphere there can be a stable 3200 years. According to information reported greenhouse gas SF6 yes yes 23900 times that of carbon dioxide equivalent. SF6 gas in the atmosphere of the chemical stability, their life is relatively long, its clear the mechanism is slow photolysis and sedimentation. The Kyoto Protocol (KYOTO PROTOCOL) to HFCs with CO2, CH4, N2O, PFCs, SF6 tied to greenhouse gases.3 SF6 Gas Recovery Research and Application ofFirst of all SF6 gas is an ideal insulation gas, more and more widely applied in power system. At the same time is also a greenhouse gas SF6 gas. According to the EPA and the IPCC report of statistics, in 1998, the United States emissions of SF6 gas emissions equivalent to 10 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions of power companies, most of which are caused by SF6 gas. Emissions of sulfur hexafluoride gas in 1994, the world's 65.8 thousand tons, of which 20% came from magnesium production process, the other 80% of the emissions come from an insulator, and the consumption of high-voltage converter. Currently the world's power companies are actively conducting research SF6, in particular the recycling of SF6 and SF6 gas leak detection technology research.3.1 Recent overseas researchIn order to reduce SF6 emissions to reduce the greenhouse effect. Europe, interested parties, under the Kyoto Protocol to reduce global warming, conducted a study comparing the main purpose is to study the use of SF6 gas and the use of air as the insulating gas on the impact of bad territory. SF6 gas producers S0LVAY, SF6 switchgear manufacturer ABB, SIEMENS and the power company RWE to take part in the study, through the energy, the use of space, the greenhouse effect, acid rain and rich contrast to the five aspects of the business come to the use of SF6 Gas actually help reduce global warming, although because of SF6 gas is a very strong greenhouse gas, but the use of SF6 gas insulated electrical equipment can reduce the volume, improve power transmission efficiency, thereby reducing environmental impact. However, due to the current lack of specific data of the study, such as SF6 leak rate of the annual electrical equipment, SF6 gas recycling ratio, and therefore was unable to evaluate.U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) has also carried outmany studies. The U.S. EPA and the U.S. power company has established dozens of SF6 Emissions Reduction Partnership For Electric Power Systems, the EPA and the power companies to reduce emissions of SF6 gas Partner Program. The Partner Program isthrough our technical cooperation and sharing, through: ① SF6Gas Purification and Recovery recycling; ② to improve the site SF6 gas leak detection technology and reduces the rate of annual leakage; ③through equipment modification, use the smaller ofthe SF6 gas chamber electrical equipment. By reducing the leakage of SF6 gas to improve utilization of SF6 gas circulation, the power companies can greatly reduce SF6 gas expenses; while reducing environmental pollution, is a typical win-win program. Currently participating in more than 60 power companies, including the United States most of the large power companies.3.2 The Present SituationSF6 gas insulated electrical appliances in the 19th century and early 80s began to be used our power system, up to now has over twenty years. Through this 20 years of operating experience and technology to actively attract and continuous research and development, China SF6 gas insulated electrical appliances and SF6 gas production and application have been greatly improved. My right SF6 gas production, management and applications with stringent requirements, such as: "sulfur hexafluoride gas in electrical equipment management, and testing guidelines," "high-voltage switchgear sulfur hexafluoride gas seal test guideline", "6 Sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment operation, testing and maintenance personnel Safety Rules "working guidelines and the implementation details and so on. However, due to the use of management and some specific maintenance, testing and maintenance staff for their lack of awareness and many other reasons, caused some user departments and individuals in the work of SF6 gas poisoning occasionally occur, any emissions from the operation of SF6 gas phenomena occur from time to time. According to statistics could not finish, 50% ~ 70% of the use of the maintenance department did not run in the SF6 gas-insulated electrical conducting a comprehensivequality supervision. The main reason is: ① put into operationin recent years, most of the SF6-insulated electric device, equipment in good condition, and no access to overhaul cycle.② Management of its operation and maintenance work, especiallythe overall quality of SF6 gas monitoring and subsequent overhaul of the disintegration of work has not fully appreciated. ③Because of SF6 insulated electrical equipment Quality Supervision, maintenance and overhaul work, invest in a larger, but also a number of production management departments can not effectively implemented one of the reasons.3.3 Application ofStudies have shown that, although the SF6 gas is a greenhouse gas, but almost no effect on the reduction of ozone, as long as appropriate measures to recycling, can ensure the personal safety of the entire environment is concerned, SF6 is still the ideal insulation and arc-quenching medium. However, SF6 gas insulated electrical equipment operating in the SF6 gas contains a variety of impurities. Electrical equipment due to the proliferation of internal residual moisture content of air and water will exceed the initial value of the corresponding new gases. So that part of the decomposition of SF6 gas discharge can produce oxygen, sulfur fluoride and other gases, and solid decomposition products. Acid and other impurities which, for the safe operation of electrical equipment, as well as operation and maintenance, testing, maintenance personnel to bring greater harm. Therefore, we must conscientiously do a good job SF6 gas usage and SF6 gas insulated electrical equipment operation and maintenance management, in particular, into the maintenance cycle of electrical equipment in the SF6 gas detection and recovery work. Hubei High Voltage Transmission Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Hubei, ultra-high pressure cylinder company) was established 20 years, the right SF6 switch operation and maintenance, gas quality supervision, and the disintegration of repair work has accumulated a number of applications and management experience.3.3.1 Device OverviewTo a power company as an example. After 20 years, the company's operation and maintenance, the current company-wide 8 500KV Substation 10KV and above the total number of SF6 switch installed a total of 512 units. SF6CT in the total number of installed a total of 60 units.3.3.2 operationUnder 20 years of operation is running rough statistics, 500KVSF6 circuit breakers in the operation of about 200 times total action, including breaking line fault 37 times or so, does not appear refuse to move, wrong move, and the phenomenon of breaking unsuccessful, the correct rate of movement 100%.3.3.3 major maintenance and repair workMinor repairs on equipment, body repair, actuator overhaul and temporary repair work. Through these overhaul greatly enhance the reliability of the equipment to extend the life of the equipment to obtain good economic and social benefits.3.3.4 SF6 Gas Quality Supervision and Management1982 As China's first 500KV transformer substation put into operation, we SF6 gas-insulated electrical equipment media have begun to have a comprehensive understanding of contact and step by step. Phoenix Hill substation, the company commissioned a project for the introduction of SF6 circuit breaker all the MG's FA French products. At that time, SF6 gas detection due to the immaturity of technology, quality inspection standards are not fully established before the failure to strictly control the production SF6 gas quality standards. Put into operation two years later, testing of gas humidity in excess of the provisional implementation of the standards at that time. In 1988 and 1990 censuses were conducted two humidity. During this time conduct on-site detection technology learning and research, through studies and discussions on the operation and maintenance of SF6 circuit breakers have a more comprehensive understanding and application for future maintenance work to lay a solid foundation. 1991, gradually established a SF6 gas detection instruments, improve the supervision system, in October 1993, the company to develop and implement "SF6 gas quality supervision and management system" was formally established in early 1994, supervision of SF6 Gas Station. Over the years, established a set of the entire process of monitoring the quality of SF6 gas management system. To protect the electrical equipment, economic and safe operation.3.3.5 Run Gas Contamination DetectionIn the circuit breaker replacement process, the right equipment to run more than a decade carried out a selective sampling of the different chambers, which run the length of combination of device operating conditions, the access to the corresponding parts of the gas impurity content data, in addition to provide a basis for the repair work at the same time for the future use of gas chromatography equipment, internal fault has accumulated some experience. Table 1 lists the operating gas and recycling the gas part of the analysis of data, analysis of data from these, we can get the following understanding:Table 1 part of the SF6 gas is running, recycling gas analysis3.3.5.1 Running the SF6 gas, arc, whether it is the role of air chamber, or the role of non-arc chamber, the purity requirements are in line with national standards. To demonstrate that the sampling of the circuit breaker operating in normal condition.3.3.5.2 the role of a gas chamber with arc arc role of non-air content in the gas chamber, some significant differences, the former is low, the latter high.3.3.5.3 will be imported to run gas and made a new gas compared to their carbon content of PTFE, the former slightly lower than the latter. Results See Table 2.Approach to the recovery of gas allows it to in the SF6 purity, carbon tetrafluoride and other indicators, to reach a new SF6gas requirements, but a higher air content does not meet the national standard requirements. The main reason for the storage of bottles of cleaning the existing approach, there are still problems, leading to increased air content, SF6 purity lower. Currently running gas recovery after treatment, mainly for the dissolution of SF6 circuit breaker overhaul of equipment after the temperature measurement and leak detection equipment, as well as after the disintegration of overhaul inflatable storage, as a stand-by spare parts. SF6 gas recovery and reuse, that is, the annual savings in gas consumption, reduced production costs, but also solve the emission problem, reducing pollution and bring direct economic benefits and social benefits.4 Recommendation4.1 improve the management and supervision system of SF6The use of units and departments shall be in accordance with national requirements of "sulfur hexafluoride gas-electric did not prepare guidelines for the management and monitoring," "not prepared to run electrical sulfur hexafluoride, testing and maintenance personnel security details," "high-voltage switchgear 6 Sulfur hexafluoride gas seal test Guidance "and other regulations, establish and improve the units and departments, management and supervision system of SF6. Should be strictly controlled in the SF6 gas to run equipment to strengthen the monitoring of SF6 gas leakage, especially for running five to seven years SF6 insulated electrical appliances should be taken regularly recorded FS6 gas pressure changes or when the use of periodic maintenance qualitative and quantitative means to monitor the . Endanger the physical and electrical equipment to prevent accidents from happening. 4.2 The right to carry out work on testing of SF6 gas impurities inAt present, most use of units and departments in general the new SF6 gas and the operation of the SF6 gas is only for humidity testing, a small number of units and departments have the right to use SF6 gas purity testing capabilities, while the acidity, can be hydrolyzed cyanide, mineral oil Detection and analysis of impurities such as SF6 project has not been carried out;, therefore, the analysis of the implementation of these projects could be further research to improve the process of SF6 gas recovery process, strengthen and improve the detection means to achieve the recovery of the SF6 gas applications running in the electrical equipment. By reducing the device leakage and recovery of gas re-use to reduce the purchase of new SF6 gas expenses. At the same time, there will be conducive to recoveryof SF6 gas to conduct a comprehensive rigorous chemical, electrical analysis, to ensure that the purified SF6 gas in electrical equipment safe and reliable operation. Widely used on-site detection technology, tracking and detection using the purified SF6 insulated electrical equipment, to ensure its long period of safe and economic operation.4.3 The creation of SF6 insulated electrical equipment repair centerIn the power industry, high-voltage switchgear using SF6 gas accounted for 80%, and that this percentage is growing year by year. The power company is running under the jurisdiction of the SF6-line switches as many as there are thousands of units, with the increase in number of years put into operation, most switches will gradually enter the overhaul period. If each unit and department to carry out large-scale overhaul of SF6 switch, it is bound to result in substantial capital investment and duplication of expenditure, the general purchase of equipment to carry out this work only the input would need about 80 million, and each unit and departments to use these devices a longer period, a limited number. Therefore, it is recommended that the work should give full play to existing technology resources and equipment resources, the establishment of a regional SF6 insulated electrical equipment repair center, drastically reduce the equipment and personnel expenses. In the SF6 gas management, inspection techniques, repairs, etc. to achieve one-stop service.。