广东省广州市2016年普通高中毕业班综合测试(一模)理综试题(word版)
广东省广州市2016年普通高中毕业班综合测试(一模)理综试题(mord文字版)
2016广州理科综合测试(一)物理试卷第Ⅰ卷二、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求,第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
14.物理学史上是哪位科学家、由于哪项贡献而人们称为“能称出地球质量的人” A .阿基米德,发现了杠杆原理 B .牛顿,发现了万有引力定律 C .伽利略,测出了重力加速度的值 D .卡文迪许,测出了万有引力常量 15.不计重力的两个带电粒子M 和N 沿同一方向经小孔S 垂直进入匀强磁场,在磁场中的径迹如图。
分别用v M 与v N , t M 与t N ,M Mm q 与NN m q 表示它们的速率、在磁场中运动的时间、荷质比,则A .如果M M m q =NNm q ,则v M > v N B .如果M M m q =NNm q ,则t M < t N C .如果v M = v N ,则M Mm q >NN m q D .如果t M = t N ,则M Mm q >NN m q 16.如图a ,理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为2∶1,与副线圈相连的两个灯泡完全相 同、电表都为理想电表。
原线圈接上如图b 所示的正弦交流电,电路正常工作。
闭合开关后,A .电压表示数增大B .电流表示数增大C .变压器的输入功率增大D .经过灯泡的电流频率为25 Hz17.如图,窗子上、下沿间的高度H=1.6m ,墙的厚度d=0.4m ,某人在离墙壁距离L=1.4m 、距窗子上沿h=0.2m 处的P 点,将可视为质点的小物件以v 的速度水平抛出,小物件直接穿过窗口并落在水平地面上,取g=10m/s 2。
则v 的取值范围是A .7>v m/sB .32.v <m/sC .7m/s m/s 3<<vD .3m/s m/s 32<<v .ab18.电梯经过启动、匀速运行和制动三个过程,从低楼层到达高楼层,启动和制动可看作是匀变速直线运动。
广东省广州市2016年普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理综试题(Word)
2016 年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理科综合2016.3.17第I卷一、选择题:本题包括13 小题,每小题 6 分,共78 分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.下列关于生物膜的叙述,正确的是A .生物膜是对生物体内所有膜结构的统称B •组成生物膜的脂质中脂肪最丰富C•生物膜都是选择透过性膜D •细胞器膜是细菌进行代谢的结构基础2.下列有关酶的叙述,正确的是A •酶的合成都要经过转录和翻译两个过程B •酶可提供化学反应所需的活化能C . ATP合成酶都存在于线粒体中D .比较过氧化氨酶和Fe3+的催化效率可证明酶具有高效性3.下列有关育种的叙述,正确的是A .杂交育种所选双亲必须是纯合子B .诱变所得植株若不出现预期性状就应丢弃C.多倍体育种时可用秋水仙索处理幼苗D •单倍体育种依据的遗传学原理是基因突变4.下列有关免疫的说法,正确的是A .机体主要依赖免疫调节维持内环境稳态B .效应T 细可诱导靶细胞凋亡C .人在初次接触过敏原时会发生过敏反应D •再次接触同种抗原,记忆细胞分化成浆细胞释放淋巴因子5•用32P或35S标记T2噬菌体并分别与无标记的细菌混合培养,保温一定时间后经搅拌、离心得到上清液和沉淀物,并测量放射性。
对此实验的叙述,不正确的是.A .实验目的是研究遗传物质是DNA 还是蛋白质B-保温时间过长会使32P标记组上清液的放射性偏低C・搅拌不充分会使35S标记组沉淀物的放射性偏高D •实验所获得的子代噬菌体不含,35S而部分可含有32P6.下列有关湿地生态系统的叙述,不正确的是A •湿地蓄洪防旱的作用体现了生物多样性的直接价值B •在群落水平上研究湿地,需要确定其范围和边界C.弃耕水稻田中的群落演替属于次生演替D •保护湿地生物多样性有利于维持该生态系统的稳定性7.下列叙述正确的是A .顺-2 -丁烯和反-2-丁烯的加氢产物不同B •甲醛、氯乙烯和乙二醇均可作为合成聚合物的单体C.ABS 树脂、光导纤维及碳纤维都是有机高分子材料D •酸性条件下,C2H5C018OC2H5的水解产物是C2H5CO18OH和C2H5OH&设N A为阿伏加德罗常数,下列叙述中正确的是A . 78 g Na2O2中存在的共价键总数为N AB. 0. 1mol9038Sr原子中含中子数为3.8N AC. 氢氧燃料电池负极消耗 2. 24 L气体时,电路中转移的电子数为0.1N AD. 0.1 mol氯化铁溶于1L水中,所得溶液中Fe3+的数目为0. 1N A9•三聚磷酸可视为三个磷酸分子(磷酸结构式见右图)之间脱去两个水分子的产物,三聚磷酸钠(俗称“五钠”)是常用的水处理剂。
2016广东省广州市高三一模考试英语试题含答案
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)英语2016.3 本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷注意事项:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2.选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A1. Who is organizing the Festival of Books?A. Book TV.B. The Los Angeles Times.C. Natural History Museum.D. Los Angeles Public Library.2. How are the best book prizes chosen?A. By a group of experts.B. By a vote of the authors,C. By the reading public.D. By festival sponsors.3. What is true about tickets to the festival?A. They are only for published authors.B. They include transport to each event.C. They can only be applied for onlineD. They can be purchased at the eventlocation.BIn 1800, only three percent of the world's population lived in cities. Only one city —Beijing —had a population of over a million. Most people lived in rural areas, and never saw a city in their lives. In 1900, just a hundred years later, roughly 150 millionpeople lived in cities, and the world’s ten largest cities all had populations exceedingone million. By 2000, the number of city dwellers exceeded three billion; and in 2008, the world's population crossed a tipping point —more than half of the people on Earth lived in cities. By 2050, that could increase to over two-thirds. Clearly, humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many people viewed cities negatively —crowded, dirty environments full of disease and crime. They feared that as cities got bigger, living conditions would worsen. In recent decades, however, attitudes have changed. Many experts now think urbanization (城市化) is good news, offering solutions to the problems of Earth’s growing population.Harvard economist Edward Glaeser, author of The Victory of the Cir, is one such person. Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because “the absence of space between people” reduces the cost of transporting goods, people, and ideas. While the flow of goods has always been important to cities, what is most important today is the flow of ideas. Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily, and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.Another urbanization supporter is environmentalist Stewart Brand. Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow haft of the world’s population to live on about four percent of the land. This leaves more space for open country, such as farmland. City dwellers also have less impact per person on the environment than people in the countryside. Their roads, sewers, and power lines need fewer resources to build and operate. City apartments require less energy to heat, cool, and light. Most importantly, people in cities drive less so they produce fewer greenhouse gases per person.So it’s a mistake to see urbanization as evil; it’s a natural part of development. The challenge is how to manage the growth.4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The history of modern cities.B. Changes taking place within cities.C. How cities have grown over time.D. Why modern cities are changing.5. How have experts’ attitudes towards cities changed in recent decades?A. They now view the weaknesses as strengths.B. They no longer see city-riving as attractive.C. They accept city life in spite of its problems.D. They think city-riving provides more benefits.6. Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with?A. Cities provide more economic opportunities.B. City people get along better with each other.C. Over-crowded cities result in problems.D. Cities limit the flow of ideas.7. According to Paragraph 4, what would be the result of moving people out of cities?A. Economic production would be reduced.B. There would be less farmland available.C. People would travel less frequently.D. House values would fall greatly.CIt was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War I. German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with “the enemy” along two-thirds of the Western Front.German troops held up Christmas trees with signs, “Merry Christmas”. Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies. They sang Christmas songs, exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared food and even played football. Soldiers hugged men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before. They agreed to warn each other if their officers forced them to fire their weapons, and to aim high.Fear ran through the military leaders on both sides. They felt that their power was being challenged: soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight. Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court. Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot. By March 1915 the socialising movement had been destroyed and the killing machine was back in full operation. Over the next three years more than fifteen million people died in the war.Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce (休战). On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played “Christmas in the Trenches”, a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was stunned by his listeners’response. Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it described.You can probably guess why the callers were in tears. The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about people. It lets us see the world as it can be and says, “This really happened once.” It shows us the potential we have as humans, and contradicts all of those TV and newspaper stories that tell us how mean and heartless people are. It is like hearing that our deepest wishes really are true: the world really can be different.8. The soldiers began socialising with the enemy because ________.A. they couldn't bear the meaningless killingB. it was the best way to avoid being killedC. they feared that they would be caughtD. their enemies were from similar backgrounds9. How did the generals finally put an end to the soldiers’ socialising?A. They sent the soldiers’ loved ones to prison.B. They moved the two groups of soldiers further apart.C. They increased the number of officers to control the soldiers.D. They warned the soldiers that they would face severe punishment.10. The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________.A. satisfiedB. shockedC. amusedD. confused11. The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply that human beings ________.A. are not trustworthy under stressB. are naturally aggressive and war-likeC. are basically caring and kindheartedD. will always do what is in their own self-interestDEarlier this year, the social media website Facebook announced that it would work with several news organisations —including The New York Times, The Guardian, and the BBC—to place news stories directly into users’personal Facebook webpage. Stories published using Facebook Instant will load more quickly and keep the style of the original publisher, who will keep all the advertising income the stories earn —at least for now. The deal shows how important social, media has become to news organisations, and is a clear sign of how the world of news is changing —and has been for a while.When Google News began in 2002, many saw it as the death of the newspaper. It had no human editor. Instead Google used, and still uses, a secret computer program that selects and displays news stories according to the reader’s personal interests. More recently, Associated Press and Yahoo!have been punishing computer-written articles. Both use special software to automatically produce stories about company financial results and sports reports —areas where the quality of writing is felt to be of secondary importance to the accuracy of the data.Should we be worried about such developments? I think we should. One concern is that facebook, Google and other social media websites see journalism as a sideline, a way of putting people in front of advertisements. It isn’t their primary function —so if it stops making them lots of money, they're likely to stop doing it.There’s also a concern that computer-written articles are not actually journalism at all, because what a human news team produces is actually quite complex. A well-written news story puts information in context, offers a voice to each side of an argument and brings the public new knowledge.Though economics and speed of delivery mean readers will probably choose a computer-written story over a carefully shaped article —at least for daily news —I don't think the computers will be writing any in-depth articles for a while yet.12. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To report on a new computer service offered by Facebook..B. To advise readers against reading computer-written news.C. To express concern about recent trends in online news.D. To describe the process of online news reporting.13. Computer-written news reports have so far focused on sports and finance because ________.A. these are the most popular topics for online readersB. there are fewer journalists specialising in these areasC. information on these topics is more easily availableD. writing style is less important than accuracy in these areas14. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Journalism.B. Advertising.C. Facebook.D. Business.15. In Paragraph 4, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of a well-written news article?A. The information presented is up-to-date.B. The author's opinion is clear.C. Different views on the topic are presented.D. The language used is vivid.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分l0分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省广州市2016届高三1月模拟考试理综物理试题 无答案
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班模拟考试理科综合能力测试2016。
01注意事项:1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2. 回答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.写在本试卷上无效。
3。
回答第II卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C—12 O—16 Na—23 Mg—24 S—32 Cr-52 Fe-56 Br-80第Ⅰ卷二、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求,第19~21题有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
14.历史上,伽利略在斜面实验中分别从倾角不同、阻力很小的斜面上静止释放小球,他通过实验观察和逻辑推理,得到的正确结论有A.倾角一定时,小球在斜面上的位移与时间的平方成正比B.倾角一定时,小球在斜面上的速度与时间的平方成正比C.斜面长度一定时,小球从顶端滚到底端时的速度与倾角无关D.斜面长度一定时,小球从顶端滚到底端所需的时间与倾角无关15.正、负点电荷周围的电场线分布如图,P、Q为其中两点,则带正电的试探电荷A.由P静止释放后会运动到Q Array B.从P移动到Q,电场力做正功C.在P的电势能小于在Q的电势能D.在P所受电场力小于在Q所受电场力16.如图为洛伦兹力演示仪的结构图.励磁线圈产生的匀强磁场方向垂直纸面向外,电子束由电子枪产生,其速度方向与磁场方向垂直。
电子速度大小可通过电子枪的加速电压来控制,磁场强弱可通过励磁线圈的电流来调节。
下列说法正确的是A .仅增大励磁线圈的电流,电子束径迹的半径变大B .仅提高电子枪的加速电压,电子束径迹的半径变大C .仅增大励磁线圈的电流,电子做圆周运动的周期将变大D .仅提高电子枪的加速电压,电子做圆周运动的周期将变大17.在如图所示的电路中,电源内阻不可忽略,在调节可变电阻R 的阻值过程中,发现理想电压表的示数减小,则A .R 的阻值变大B .路端电压不变C .干路电流减小D .路端电压和干路电流的比值减小18.如图,某空间站在轨道半径为R 的近地圆轨道I 上围绕地球运行,一宇宙飞船与空间站对接后,在轨道I 上围绕地球运行多圈后又与空间站分离,进入椭圆轨道II 运行。
2016年广东高考理综答案
2016年广东高考理综答案【篇一:2016年新课标全国卷理综高考试题(word版)广东高考真题】t>2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
2.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试题相应的位置。
3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试题上无效。
4. 考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共126分)本卷共21小题,每小题6分,共126分。
可能用到的相对原子质量:h 1c 12 n 14 o16 na 23 cl 35.5 k39 cr52 mn 55 ge 73 ag 108一、选择题:本大题共13小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 下列与细胞相关的叙述,正确的是a. 核糖体、溶酶体都是具有膜结构的细胞器b. 酵母菌的细胞核内含有dna和rna两类核酸c. 蓝藻细胞的能量来源于其线粒体有氧呼吸过程d. 在叶绿体中可进行co2的固定但不能合成atp2. 离子泵是一张具有atp水解酶活性的载体蛋白,能利用水解atp 释放的呢量跨膜运输离子。
下列叙述正确的是a. 离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输属于协助扩散b. 离子通过离子泵的跨膜运输是顺着浓度阶梯进行的c. 动物一氧化碳中毒会降低离子泵扩膜运输离子的速率d. 加入蛋白质变性剂会提高离子泵扩膜运输离子的速率3. 若除酶外所有试剂均已预保温,则在测定酶活力的试验中,下列操作顺序合理的是a.加入酶→加入底物→加入缓冲液→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量b. 加入底物→加入酶→计时→加入缓冲液→保温→一段时间后检测产物的量c. 加入缓冲液→加入底物→加入酶→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量d. 加入底物→计时→加入酶→加入缓冲液→保温并计时→一段时间后检测产物的量4.下列与神经细胞有关的叙述,错误的是..a. atp能在神经元线粒体的内膜上产生b. 神经递质在突触间隙中的移动消耗atpc. 突触后膜上受蛋白体的合成需要消耗atpd. 神经细胞兴奋后恢复为静息状态消耗atp5. 在漫长的历史时期内,我们的祖先通过自身的生产和生活实践,积累了对生态方面的感性认识和经验,并形成了一些生态学思想,如:自然与人和谐统一的思想。
2016广州一模物理
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班模拟考试理科综合能力测试2016.01二、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求,第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
14.历史上,伽利略在斜面实验中分别从倾角不同、阻力很小的斜面上静止释放小球,他通过实验观察和逻辑推理,得到的正确结论有A .倾角一定时,小球在斜面上的位移与时间的平方成正比B .倾角一定时,小球在斜面上的速度与时间的平方成正比C .斜面长度一定时,小球从顶端滚到底端时的速度与倾角无关D .斜面长度一定时,小球从顶端滚到底端所需的时间与倾角无关15.正、负点电荷周围的电场线分布如图,P 、Q 为其中两点,则带正电的试探电荷A .由P 静止释放后会运动到QB .从P 移动到Q ,电场力做正功C .在P 的电势能小于在Q 的电势能D .在P 所受电场力小于在Q 所受电场力16.如图为洛伦兹力演示仪的结构图。
励磁线圈产生的匀强磁场方向垂直纸面向外,电子束由电子枪产生,其速度方向与磁场方向垂直。
电子速度大小可通过电子枪的加速电压来控制,磁场强弱可通过励磁线圈的电流来调节。
下列说法正确的是A .仅增大励磁线圈的电流,电子束径迹的半径变大B .仅提高电子枪的加速电压,电子束径迹的半径变大C .仅增大励磁线圈的电流,电子做圆周运动的周期将变大D .仅提高电子枪的加速电压,电子做圆周运动的周期将变大17.在如图所示的电路中,电源内阻不可忽略,在调节可变电阻R 的阻值过程中,发现理想电压表的示数减小,则A .R 的阻值变大B .路端电压不变C .干路电流减小D .路端电压和干路电流的比值减小 18.如图,某空间站在轨道半径为R 的近地圆轨道I 上围绕地球运行,一宇宙飞船与空间站对接后,在轨道I 上围绕地球运行多圈后又与空间站分离,进入椭圆轨道II 运行。
已知2椭圆轨道的远地点到地球球心的距离为3.5R ,地球质量为M ,万有引力常量为G ,则A .空间站在圆轨道I 上运行的周期为GMR 32 B .空间站与飞船对接后在圆轨道I 上运行的周期变小C .飞船在椭圆轨道远地点的速率是近地点的3.5倍D .飞船与空间站分离后在远离地球过程中其机械能不断增大 19.如图,不计空气阻力,从O 点水平抛出的小球抵达光滑斜面上端P 处时,速度方向恰好沿着斜面方向,然后紧贴斜面PQ 做匀加速直线运动。
2016年广州市一模试题及答案(理科数学)
2016年广州市一模试题及答案(理科数学) 2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理科数学注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷一。
选择题:共12小题,每小题5分。
1.已知集合 $A=\{x|x<1\}$,$B=\{x|x-x\leq0\}$,则 $A\cap B$ 等于A) $x-1\leq x\leq1$ (B) $x\leq x\leq1$ (C) $x<x\leq1$ (D) $x\leq x<1$2.已知复数 $z=\frac{3+i}{1-i}$,其中 $i$ 为虚数单位,则复数 $z$ 的共轭复数 $z$ 所对应的点在A) 第一象限 (B) 第二象限 (C) 第三象限 (D) 第四象限3.执行如图所示的程序框图,如果输入 $x=3$,则输出$k$ 的值为开始输入 $x$是 $x>100$。
$k=k+2$,$x=2x+3$ 输出 $k$否结束A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 124.如果函数 $f(x)=\sin(\omega x+\frac{\pi}{6})$ 的相邻两个零点之间的距离为 $6$,则 $\omega$ 的值为A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 245.设等差数列 $\{a_n\}$ 的前 $n$ 项和为 $S_n$,且$a_2+a_7+a_{12}=24$,则 $S_{13}$ 等于A) 52 (B) 78 (C) 104 (D) 2086.在直线 $y=4x$ 上的点,它们的横坐标依次为$x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n$,如果 $P$ 是抛物线 $C$ 的焦点,若$x_1+x_2+\dots+x_n=10$,则 $PF+P_2F+\dots+P_nF$ 等于A) $n+10$ (B) $n+20$ (C) $2n+10$ (D) $2n+20$7.在梯形$ABCD$ 中,$AD\parallel BC$,已知$AD=4$,$BC=6$,若 $CD=mBA+n$,则 $m+n$ 等于A) $-3$ (B) $0$ (C) $3$ (D) $33$8.设实数 $x$,$y$ 满足约束条件 $x+y-1\leq0$,则$x+(y+2)^2$ 的取值范围是A) $x\leq -1$,$y\leq -2$ (B) $x\leq -1$,$y\geq 1$ (C)$x\geq 0$,$y\leq -2$ (D) $x\geq 0$,$y\geq 1$9)一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形,侧棱垂直于底面,所有棱的长都为1,顶点都在同一个球面上。
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理科试题及答案
1绝密 ★ 启用前2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理科数学注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷一.选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的. (1)已知集合{}1A x x =<,{}20B x x x =-≤,则AB =(A ){}11x x -≤≤ (B ){}01x x ≤≤ (C ){}01x x <≤ (D ){}01x x ≤< (2)已知复数3i1iz +=-,其中i 为虚数单位,则复数z 的共轭复数z 所对应的点在 (A )第一象限 (B )第二象限 (C )第三象限 (D )第四象限 (3)执行如图所示的程序框图,如果输入3x =,则输出k 的值为(A )6 (B )8 (C )10 (D )12 (4)如果函数()sin 6f x x ωπ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭()0ω>的相邻两个零点之间的距离为6π,则ω的值为 (A )3 (B )6 (C )12 (D )24 (5)设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且271224a a a ++=,则13S =(A )52 (B )78 (C )104 (D )208(6)如果1P ,2P ,…,n P 是抛物线C :24y x =上的点,它们的横坐标依次为1x ,2x ,…,n x ,F是抛物线C 的焦点,若1210n x x x +++=,则12n PF P F P F +++=(A )10n + (B )20n + (C )210n + (D )220n + (7)在梯形ABCD 中,ADBC ,已知4AD =,6BC =,若CD mBA nBC =+(),m n ∈R ,则mn= (A )3- (B )13-(C )13(D )32(8)设实数x ,y 满足约束条件10,10,1x y x y x --≤⎧⎪+-≤⎨⎪≥-⎩, 则()222x y ++的取值范围是(A )1,172⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ (B )[]1,17 (C)⎡⎣ (D)2⎣(9)一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形,侧棱垂直于底面,所有棱的长都为1,顶点都在同一个球面上,则该球的体积为(A )20π (B(C )5π (D(11)已知下列四个命题:1p :若直线l 和平面α内的无数条直线垂直,则l α⊥; 2p :若()22x x f x -=-,则x ∀∈R ,()()f x f x -=-;3p :若()11f x x x =++,则()00,x ∃∈+∞,()01f x =; 4p :在△ABC 中,若A B >,则sin sin A B >.其中真命题的个数是(A )1 (B )2 (C )3 (D )4 (11)如图,网格纸上小正方形的边长为1,粗线画出的是某个四面体的三视图,则该四面体的表面积为(A)8+ (B)8+(C)2+ (D)1224(12)以下数表的构造思路源于我国南宋数学家杨辉所著的《详解九章算术》一书中的“杨辉三角形”.1 2 3 4 5 … 2013 2014 2015 20163 5 7 9 ………… 4027 4029 4031 8 12 16 ………………… 8056 8060 20 28 ………………………… 16116 …………………………………………该表由若干行数字组成,从第二行起,每一行中的数字均等于其“肩上”两数之和,表中最后一行仅有一个数,则这个数为(A )201520172⨯ (B )201420172⨯ (C )201520162⨯ (D )201420162⨯3第Ⅱ卷本卷包括必考题和选考题两部分.第13题~第21题为必考题,每个试题考生都必须做答.第22题~第24题为选考题,考生根据要求做答. 二.填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分.(13)一个总体中有60个个体,随机编号0,1,2,…,59,依编号顺序平均分成6个小组,组号依次为1,2,3,…,6.现用系统抽样方法抽取一个容量为6的样本,若在第1组随机抽取的号码为3,则在第5组中抽取的号码是 .(14)已知双曲线C :22221x y a b-=()0,0a b >>的左顶点为A ,右焦点为F ,点()0,B b ,且0BAB F =,则双曲线C 的离心率为 .(15)()422x x --的展开式中,3x 的系数为 . (用数字填写答案)(16)已知函数()211,1,42,1x x f x x x x ⎧-+<⎪=⎨-+≥⎪⎩,则函数()()22xg x f x =-的零点个数为 个.三.解答题:解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤. (17)(本小题满分12分)如图,在△ABC 中,点D 在边AB 上,CD BC ⊥,AC =5CD =,2BD AD =.(Ⅰ)求AD 的长; (Ⅱ)求△ABC 的面积.(18)(本小题满分12分)从某企业生产的某种产品中抽取100件,测量这些产品的质量指标值,由测量结果得到如图所示的频率分布直方图,质量指标值落在区间[)55,65,[)65,75,[]75,85内的频率之比为4:2:1. (Ⅰ)求这些产品质量指标值落在区间[]75,85内的频率;(Ⅱ)若将频率视为概率,从该企业生产的这种产品中随机抽取3件,记这3件产 品中质量指标值位于区间[)45,75内的产 品件数为X ,求X 的分布列与数学期望.4(19)(本小题满分12分)如图,四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -的底面ABCD 是菱形,ACBD O =,1A O ⊥底面ABCD ,21==AA AB .(Ⅰ)证明:平面1ACO ⊥平面11BB D D ;(Ⅱ)若60BAD ∠=,求二面角1B OB -(20)(本小题满分12分)已知椭圆C 的中心在坐标原点,焦点在x 轴上,左顶点为A ,左焦点为()120F -,,点(B 在椭圆C 上,直线()0y kx k =≠与椭圆C 交于E ,F 两点,直线AE ,AF 分别与y 轴交于点M ,N . (Ⅰ)求椭圆C 的方程;(Ⅱ)以MN 为直径的圆是否经过定点?若经过,求出定点的坐标;若不经过,请说明理由.(21)(本小题满分12分)已知函数+3()ex mf x x =-,()()ln 12g x x =++.(Ⅰ)若曲线()y f x =在点()()00f ,处的切线斜率为1,求实数m 的值; (Ⅱ)当1m ≥时,证明:()3()f x g x x >-.5请考生在第22、23、24题中任选一题做答,如果多做,则按所做的第一题计分.做答时请写清题号.(22)(本小题满分10分)选修4-1:几何证明选讲如图所示,△ABC 内接于⊙O ,直线AD 与⊙O 相切于点A ,交BC 的延长线于点D ,过点D 作DE CA 交BA 的延长线于点E .(Ⅰ)求证:2DE AE BE =;(Ⅱ)若直线EF 与⊙O 相切于点F ,且4EF =,2EA =,求线段AC 的长.(23)(本小题满分10分)选修4-4:坐标系与参数方程在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,以坐标原点O 为极点,x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线C 的极坐标方程为θρsin 2=,[)0,2θ∈π. (Ⅰ)求曲线C 的直角坐标方程;(Ⅱ)在曲线C 上求一点D ,使它到直线l:32x y t ⎧=⎪⎨=-+⎪⎩(t 为参数,t ∈R )的距离最短,并求出点D 的直角坐标.(24)(本小题满分10分)选修4-5:不等式选讲设函数()f x x x =+-. (Ⅰ)当1a =时,求不等式()12f x ≥的解集; (Ⅱ)若对任意[]0,1a ∈,不等式()f x b ≥的解集为空集,求实数b 的取值范围.6绝密 ★ 启用前2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理科数学试题答案及评分参考评分说明:1.本解答给出了一种或几种解法供参考,如果考生的解法与本解答不同,可根据试题的主要考查内容比照评分参考制订相应的评分细则.2.对计算题,当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时,如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度,可视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但不得超过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半;如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误,就不再给分.3.解答右端所注分数,表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数. 4.只给整数分数.选择题不给中间分. 一.选择题(1)D (2)D (3)C (4)B (5)C (6)A (7)A (8)A(9)D(10)B(11)A(12)B二.填空题(13)43(14)12(15)40- (16)2(1)已知集合{}1A x x =<,{}20B x x x =-≤,则AB =(A ){}11x x -≤≤ (B ){}01x x ≤≤ (C ){}01x x <≤ (D ){}01x x ≤< 【答案】D【解析】{}()1=1,1A x x =<-,{}[]200,1B x x x =-≤=,所以AB =[)0,1(2)已知复数3i1iz +=-,其中i 为虚数单位,则复数z 的共轭复数z 所对应的点在 (A )第一象限 (B )第二象限 (C )第三象限 (D )第四象限 【答案】D 【解析】3i (3i)(1i)2412,121i (1i)(1i)2iz i z i ++++====+=---+,所以z 所对应的点在第四象限 (3)执行如图所示的程序框图,如果输入3x =,则输出k 的值为(A )6 (B )8 (C )10 (D )12 【答案】C7【解析】23x x =+ 9 21 45 93 192>100 2k k =+ 2 4 6 8 10 (4)如果函数()sin 6f x x ωπ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭()0ω>的相邻两个零点之间的距离为6π,则ω的值为 (A )3 (B )6 (C )12 (D )24 【答案】B【解析】26263T T πππωω=⇒==⇒= (5)设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,且271224a a a ++=,则13S =(A )52 (B )78 (C )104 (D )208 【答案】C【解析】2712772438a a a a a ++==⇒=,11313713()131381042a a S a +===⨯=(6)如果1P ,2P ,…,n P 是抛物线C :24y x =上的点,它们的横坐标依次为1x ,2x ,…,n x ,F是抛物线C 的焦点,若1210n x x x +++=,则12n PF P F P F +++=(A )10n + (B )20n + (C )210n + (D )220n + 【答案】A【解析】由24y x =知准线为1x =-,由定义知,1212(1)(1)(1)n n PF P F P F x x x +++=+++++12()10n x x x n n =++++=+(7)在梯形ABCD 中,AD BC ,已知4AD =,6BC =,若CD mBA nBC =+(),m n ∈R ,则mn= (A )3- (B )13-(C )13(D )3 【答案】A【解析】过A 作AE//CD ,交BC 于E ,则BE=2,CE=4, 所以2163mBA nBC CD EA EB BA BC BA BC BA +===+=-+=-+,所以1313m n ==-- (8)设实数x ,y 满足约束条件10,10,1x y x y x --≤⎧⎪+-≤⎨⎪≥-⎩, 则()222x y ++的取值范围是(A )1,172⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ (B )[]1,17 (C )⎡⎣(D )⎣ 【答案】A8【解析】可行域是封闭三角形区域,设()2222x y r ++=,过点(1,2)-时, 最大值为()222(1)2211617r =-++=+=;当圆与直线10x y --=相切时,最小为212r r ==⇒=,所以()222x y ++的取值范围是1,172⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦(9)一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形,侧棱垂直于底面,所有棱的长都为1,顶点都在同一个球面上,则该球的体积为(A )20π (B(C )5π (D【答案】D【解析】由题意知正六边形外接圆半径1r =,其高1h =,所以球半径为R ===所以球的体积为34433V R π=== (10)已知下列四个命题:1p :若直线l 和平面α内的无数条直线垂直,则l α⊥; 2p :若()22x x f x -=-,则x ∀∈R ,()()f x f x -=-;3p :若()11f x x x =++,则()00,x ∃∈+∞,()01f x =; 4p :在△ABC 中,若A B >,则sin sin A B >.其中真命题的个数是(A )1 (B )2 (C )3 (D )4【答案】B【解析】1p :若直线l 和平面α内的无数条直线垂直,则l α⊥或l α⊂或//l α,1p 错;2p :()22x xf x --=-,()(22)22x x x xf x ---=--=-,2p 对。
2016广州市高考模拟考试理科综合试题
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班模拟考试理科综合能力测试2016.01 注意事项:1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2. 回答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答第II卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 S-32 Cr-52 Fe-56 Br-80第Ⅰ卷一、选择题:本题共13小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.以下关于叶绿体与线粒体的叙述,不正确...的是A.都有较大的膜面积,有利于代谢高效进行B.都需要以水作为代谢的原料C.都含有DNA和RNAD.都能生成ATP并为各项生命活动直接提供能量2.下列对果蝇某基因的叙述,正确的是A.在复制时,不会出现差错B.一条脱氧核苷酸链中,相邻的A、T碱基均以氢键连接C.全部碱基中,若C占30%,则A占20%D.转录出的mRNA只能指导一条肽链的合成3.右图是甲、乙两种单基因遗传病的家系图(不考虑基因突变)。
下列分析合理的是A.乙病在人群中的发病率与在该家系中的发病率相同B.乙病是伴X染色体显性遗传病C.Ⅲ7不可能含有来源于Ⅰ2的甲病基因D.Ⅰ1和Ⅰ2均是杂合子4.下列有关人体细胞生命历程的叙述, 不正确...的是A.细胞凋亡是基因所决定的细胞自动结束生命的过程B.造血干细胞的分化程度比胚胎干细胞的分化程度高C.衰老个体中,细胞都处于衰老状态D.在适宜条件下,癌变细胞能无限增殖5.下列有关生物变异的叙述,不合理...的是A.基因突变会导致遗传信息的改变B.染色体变异在光学显微镜下可观察到C.可遗传的变异可为生物进化提供原材料D.非同源染色体上的非等位基因才能重组6.下列可“双向”进行的是A.金丝雀虉草的胚芽鞘中生长素的极性运输B.缩手反射时兴奋在神经元间的传递C.人体血浆和组织液间的物质转移D.草原生态系统中狼和兔子间的能量流动7.化学与社会、生活密切相关。
广州市2016届普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)英语试题
2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)英语2016.3 本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A1. Who is organizing the Festival of Books?A. Book TV.B. The Los Angeles Times.C. Natural History Museum.D. Los Angeles Public Library.2. How are the best book prizes chosen?A. By a group of experts.B. By a vote of the authors,C. By the reading public.D. By festival sponsors.3. What is true about tickets to the festival?A. They are only for published authors.B. They include transport to eachevent.C. They can only be applied for onlineD. They can be purchased at the eventlocation.BIn 1800, only three percent of the world's population lived in cities. Only one city —Beijing —had a population of over a million. Most people lived in rural areas, and never saw a city in their lives. In 1900, just a hundred years later, roughly 150 million people lived in cities, and the world’s ten largest cities all had populations exceeding one million. By 2000, the number of city dwellers exceeded three billion; and in 2008, the world's population crossed a tipping point —more than half of the people on Earth lived in cities. By 2050, that could increase to over two-thirds. Clearly, humans have become an urban species.In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many people viewed cities negatively —crowded, dirty environments full of disease and crime. They feared that as cities got bigger, living conditions would worsen. In recent decades, however, attitudes have changed. Many experts now think urbanization (城市化) is good news, offering solutions to the problems of Earth’s growing population.Harvard economist Edward Glaeser, author of The Victory of the Cir, is one such person. Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because “the absence of space between people” reduces the cost of transporting goods, people, and ideas. While the flow of goods has always been important to cities, what is most important today is the flow of ideas. Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily, and attract and reward smart people with higher wages.Another urbanization supporter is environmentalist Stewart Brand. Brand believes cities help the environment because they allow haft of the world’s population to live on about four percent of the land. This leaves more space for open country, such as farmland. City dwellers also have less impact per person on the environment than people in the countryside. Their roads, sewers, and power lines need fewer resources to build and operate. City apartments require less energy to heat, cool, and light. Most importantly, people in cities drive less so they produce fewer greenhouse gases per person.So it’s a mistake to see urbanization as evil; it’s a natural part of development. The challenge is how to manage the growth.4. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The history of modern cities.B. Changes taking place within cities.C. How cities have grown over time.D. Why modern cities are changing.5. How have experts’ attitudes towards cities changed in recent decades?A. They now view the weaknesses as strengths.B. They no longer see city-riving as attractive.C. They accept city life in spite of its problems.D. They think city-riving provides more benefits.6. Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with?A. Cities provide more economic opportunities.B. City people get along better with each other.C. Over-crowded cities result in problems.D. Cities limit the flow of ideas.7. According to Paragraph 4, what would be the result of moving people out of cities?A. Economic production would be reduced.B. There would be less farmland available.C. People would travel less frequently.D. House values would fall greatly.CIt was December 25, 1914, only 5 months into World War I. German, British, and French soldiers, already sick and tired of the senseless killing, disobeyed their superiors and started socialising with “the enemy”along two-thirds of the Western Front.German troops held up Christmas trees with signs, “Merry Christmas”. Thousands of troops ran across the battlefields covered with dead bodies. They sang Christmas songs, exchanged photographs of loved ones back home, shared food and even played football. Soldiers hugged men they had been trying to kill a few short hours before. They agreed to warn each other if their officers forced them to fire their weapons, and to aim high.Fear ran through the military leaders on both sides. They felt that their power was being challenged: soldiers declaring their brotherhood with each other and refusing to fight. Generals declared this unexpected peacemaking illegal and said that participating soldiers would face a military court. Those found guilty would be imprisoned or even shot. By March 1915 the socialising movement had been destroyed and the killing machine was back in full operation. Over the next three years more than fifteen million people died in the war.Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce (休战). On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played “Christmas in the Trenches”, a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was stunned by his listeners’response. Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it described.You can probably guess why the callers were in tears. The Christmas Truce story goes against most of what we have been taught about people. It lets us see the worldas it can be and says, “This really happened once.” It shows us the potential we have as humans, and contradicts all of those TV and newspaper stories that tell us how mean and heartless people are. It is like hearing that our deepest wishes really are true: the world really can be different.8. The soldiers began socialising with the enemy because ________.A. they couldn't bear the meaningless killingB. it was the best way to avoid being killedC. they feared that they would be caughtD. their enemies were from similar backgrounds9. How did the generals finally put an end to the soldiers’ socialising?A. They sent the soldiers’ loved ones to prison.B. They moved the two groups of soldiers further apart.C. They increased the number of officers to control the soldiers.D. They warned the soldiers that they would face severe punishment.10. The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________.A. satisfiedB. shockedC. amusedD. confused11. The author uses the story of the soldiers to imply that human beings ________.A. are not trustworthy under stressB. are naturally aggressive and war-likeC. are basically caring and kindheartedD. will always do what is in their own self-interestDEarlier this year, the social media website Facebook announced that it would work with several news organisations —including The New York Times, The Guardian, and the BBC—to place news stories directly into users’personal Facebook webpage. Stories published using Facebook Instant will load more quickly and keep the style of the original publisher, who will keep all the advertising income the stories earn —at least for now. The deal shows how important social, media has become to news organisations, and is a clear sign of how the world of news is changing —and has been for a while.When Google News began in 2002, many saw it as the death of the newspaper. It had no human editor. Instead Google used, and still uses, a secret computer program that selects and displays news stories according to the reader’s personal interests. More recently, Associated Press and Yahoo!have been punishing computer-written articles. Both use special software to automatically produce stories about company financial results and sports reports —areas where the quality of writing is felt to be of secondary importance to the accuracy of the data.Should we be worried about such developments? I think we should. One concern is that facebook, Google and other social media websites see journalism as a sideline, a way of putting people in front of advertisements. It isn’t their primary function —so if it stops making them lots of money, they're likely to stop doing it.There’s also a concern that computer-written articles are not actually journalismat all, because what a human news team produces is actually quite complex. A well-written news story puts information in context, offers a voice to each side of an argument and brings the public new knowledge.Though economics and speed of delivery mean readers will probably choose a computer-written story over a carefully shaped article —at least for daily news —I don't think the computers will be writing any in-depth articles for a while yet.12. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To report on a new computer service offered by Facebook..B. To advise readers against reading computer-written news.C. To express concern about recent trends in online news.D. To describe the process of online news reporting.13. Computer-written news reports have so far focused on sports and finance because ________.A. these are the most popular topics for online readersB. there are fewer journalists specialising in these areasC. information on these topics is more easily availableD. writing style is less important than accuracy in these areas14. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Journalism.B. Advertising.C. Facebook.D. Business.15. In Paragraph 4, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of a well-written news article?A. The information presented is up-to-date.B. The author's opinion is clear.C. Different views on the topic are presented.D. The language used is vivid.第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分l0分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
【试卷】广东省广州市2016届高三数学毕业班综合测试试卷一理含解析
【关键字】试卷2016年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)理科数学注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并用铅笔在答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷一.选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.(1)已知集合,,则(A)(B)(C)(D)答案:D解析:集合A=,集合B=,所以,。
(2)已知复数,其中为虚数单位,则复数的共轭复数所对应的点在(A)第一象限(B)第二象限(C)第三象限(D)第四象限答案:D解析:,共轭复数为,在第四象限。
(3)执行如图所示的程序框图,如果输入,则输出的值为(A)6 (B)8 (C)10 (D)12答案:C解析:第一步:x=9,k=2;第二步:x=21,k=4;第三步:x=45,k=6;第四步:x=93,k=8;第五步:x=189,k=10;退出循环,故k=10。
(4)如果函数的相邻两个零点之间的距离为,则的值为(A)3 (B)6 (C)12 (D)24答案:B解析:依题意,得:周期T=,,所以,=6。
(5)设等差数列的前项和为,且,则(A)52 (B)78 (C)104 (D)208答案:C解析:由,得=8,所以,=104,选C。
(6)如果,,…,是抛物线:上的点,它们的横坐标依次为,,…,,是抛物线的焦点,若,则(A)(B)(C)(D)答案:A解析:由抛物线的焦点为(1,0),准线为=-1,由抛物线的定义,可知,,…,故(7)在梯形中,,已知,,若,则(A ) (B ) (C ) (D ) 答案:A解析:如图,作AE ∥DC ,交BC 于E ,则ADEC 为平行四边形,=, 又=,所以,,故-3。
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2016年广州一模 物理试题二、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求,第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
14.物理学史上是哪位科学家、由于哪项贡献而人们称为“能称出地球质量的人” A .阿基米德,发现了杠杆原理 B .牛顿,发现了万有引力定律 C .伽利略,测出了重力加速度的值 D .卡文迪许,测出了万有引力常量 15.不计重力的两个带电粒子M 和N 沿同一方向经小孔S 垂直进入匀强磁场,在磁场中的径迹如图。
分别用v M 与v N , t M 与t N ,M Mm q 与NN m q 表示它们的速率、在磁场中运动的时间、荷质比,则A .如果M M m q =NNm q ,则v M > v N B .如果M M m q =NNm q ,则t M < t N C .如果v M = v N ,则M Mm q >NN m q D .如果t M = t N ,则M Mm q >NN m q 16.如图a ,理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数比为2∶1,与副线圈相连的两个灯泡完全相 同、电表都为理想电表。
原线圈接上如图b 所示的正弦交流电,电路正常工作。
闭合开关后,A .电压表示数增大B .电流表示数增大C .变压器的输入功率增大D .经过灯泡的电流频率为25 Hz17.如图,窗子上、下沿间的高度H=1.6m ,墙的厚度d=0.4m ,某人在离墙壁距离L=1.4m 、距窗子上沿h=0.2m 处的P 点,将可视为质点的小物件以v 的速度水平抛出,小物件直接穿过窗口并落在水平地面上,取g=10m/s 2。
则v 的取值范围是A .7>v m/sB .32.v <m/sC .7m/s m/s 3<<vD .3m/s m/s 32<<v .ab18.电梯经过启动、匀速运行和制动三个过程,从低楼层到达高楼层,启动和制动可看作是匀变速直线运动。
电梯竖直向上运动过程中速度的变化情况如下表:则前5秒内电梯通过的位移大小为:A .19.25mB .18.75mC .18.50mD .17.50m19.如图,真空中a 、b 、c 、d 四点共线且等距。
先在a 点固定一点电荷+Q ,测得b 点场强大小为E 。
若再将另一等量异种点电荷-Q 放在d 点时,则A .b 点场强大小为E 43B .c 点场强大小为E 45C .b 点场强方向向右D .c 点电势比b 点电势高20.如图,两平行金属导轨固定在水平面上,匀强磁场方向垂直导轨平面向下,金属棒ab 、cd 与导轨垂直构成闭合回路,且两棒都可沿导轨无摩擦滑动。
用与导轨平行的水平恒力F 向右拉cd 棒,经过足够长时间以后A .两棒间的距离保持不变B .两棒都做匀速直线运动C .两棒都做匀加速直线运动D .ab 棒中的电流方向由b 流向a21.假设地球同步卫星绕地球运行的轨道半径为地球半径的6.6倍,地球赤道平面与地球公转平面共面。
站在地球赤道某地的人,日落后4小时的时候,在自己头顶正上方观察到一颗恰好有阳光照亮的人造地球卫星,若该卫星在赤道所在平面内做匀速圆周运动。
则此人造卫星A .距地面高度等于地球半径B .绕地球运行的周期约为4小时C .绕地球运行的角速度与同步卫星绕地球运行的角速度相同D .绕地球运行的速率约为同步卫星绕地球运行速率的1.8倍第II 卷三、非选择题:包括必考题和选考题两部分。
第22题~第32题为必考题, 每个试题考生都必须作答。
第33题~第40题为选考题,考生根据要求作答。
(一)必考题(共129分)abcd.2.4.6.8.10 d22.(5分)(1)某次研究弹簧所受弹力F 与弹簧长度L 关系实验时得到如图a 所示的F -L 图象,由图象可知:弹簧原长L 0= cm ,求得弹簧的劲度系数 k = N/m 。
(2)如图b 的方式挂上钩码(已知每个钩码重G =1N ),使(1)中研究的弹簧压缩,稳定后指针指示如图b ,则指针所指刻度尺示数为 cm 。
由此可推测图b 中所挂钩码的个数为 个。
23.(10分)某同学计如图a 所示的电路图来进行有关电学实验,其中ab 为粗细均匀的金属丝,R 0为保护电阻。
(1)按电路图在图b 中完成实物连线。
(2)用螺旋测微器测得金属丝直径如图c 所示,其读数为 。
(3)电路连接正确后,闭合开关,调节P 的位置,记录aP 长度x 与对应的电压表示数U 和电流表示数I 。
将记录的数据描点在如图d 的坐标纸上。
①在图d 上作出x IU-关系图线。
②由x IU-图线求得电流表的内阻r A= Ω和金属丝的电阻率ρ与其横截面积S 的比值=SρΩ·m -1。
(记算结果保留两位有效数字)bca3 6 9bba P24.(12分)电阻不计的平行金属导轨相距L ,与总电阻为2R 的滑动变阻器、板间距为d 的平行板电容器和开关S 连成如图所示的电路。
磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场垂直导轨所在的平面。
电阻为R 的金属棒ab 与导轨垂直,接触良好,并紧贴导轨匀速移动。
合上开关S ,当滑动变阻器触头P 在中点时,质量为m 、电量为+q 的带电微粒从平行板电容器中间位置水平射入,微粒在两板间做匀速直线运动;当P 移至C 时,相同的带电微粒以相同的速度从同一位置射入两板间,微粒穿过两板的过程中动能增加k E 。
重力加速度为g 。
求:(1)ab 运动的方向及其速度大小;(2)当P 移至C 时,微粒穿过两板的过程中,电场力对微粒做的功W 。
25.(20分)质量m =4kg 的物体,与水平地面间的动摩擦因数μ=0.1,沿水平地面向右做直线运动,经过A 点时速度为6m/s 。
物体过A 点时开始计时,对物体施加水平恒力F 作用,经过0.5s 物体向右移动了2.5m 到达B 点;若t 时刻撤去水平恒力F ,物体最后停在A 的右方3.75m 处。
g=10m/s 2。
求:(1)撤去水平恒力F 的时刻t(2)从物体经过A 点到最终停止,水平恒力F 做的功W F(二)选考题(共45分)请考生从给出的3道物理题、3道化学题、2道生物题中每科任选一题作答,并用2B 铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目的题号后的方框涂黑。
注意所做题目的题号必须与所涂题目的题号一致,并且在解答过程中写清每问的小题号,在答题卡指定位置答题。
如果多做则每学科按所做的第一题计分。
33.[物理—选修3-3](15分)(1)(5分)一定质量的理想气体从外界吸收了4×105J 的热量,同时气体对外界做了6×105J 的功。
则气体内能改变量是 J ;分子的平均动能 。
(选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”)(2)(10分)如图,在导热良好的圆柱形气缸内,可以自由移动的活塞a 和b 密封了A 、B 两部分气体,处于平衡状态。
已知活塞横截面积S A ∶S B =2∶1,密封气体的长度L A ∶L B =1∶4。
若用外力把活塞a 向右缓慢移动d 的距离,求活塞b 向右移动的距离。
34.[物理—选修3-4](15分)(1)(5分)机械波在x 轴上传播,在t =0时刻的波形如图中的实线所示,在t =0.15s 时刻的波形如图中的虚线所示。
已知该波的周期大于0.15s 。
该波的振幅是 , 若波沿x 轴负方向传播,则波速大小v =(2)(10分)如图,置于空气中的直角三棱镜ABC ,AB 长为2a 、折射率为2。
一束光线以45°的入射角射至AB 边的中点。
设空气中的光速为c ,求:光线进入棱镜到从AC 边射出所经历的时间。
35.[物理—选修3-5](15分)(1)(5分)1932年查德威克用α粒子去轰击铍核Be 94,发现了中子,并产生一个碳核C 126,已知α粒子质量为m α,铍核的质量为m p ,中子的质量为m n ,碳核的质量为m C 。
该核反应方程为 ,核反应过程的质量亏损为 。
(2).(10分)如图,用细线线拴住质量分别为m 1、m 2的小球a 、b 并悬挂在天花板下,平衡时两球心在同一水平面上且距天花板的距离为L 。
将a 拉至水平位置后由静止释放,在最低位置时与b 发生弹性正碰,若碰后两球上升的最大高度相同。
重力加速度为g 。
求:m 1与m 2的比值及碰后两球各自的速度大小。
C-212016广州理科综合测试(一)物理学科答案及评份标准14~8单选,每题6分。
18~21多选,全对6分,部分对3分,有错0分。
22.(1)3.0(1分), 200(1分) (2)1.50(1分),3 (2分)23.(1)电路连线如图(2分) (2)0.400mm (2分)(3)①U /I —x 图象如图(2分);②2.0(2分)(1.9~2.2都分)和9.6(2分)(9.4~10都给分)24.解:(1)依题意,平行板上板为负,根据右手定则,ab 棒水平向左运动。
(1分) (评分:能答到ab 棒向左运动就给分)设ab 运动的速度大小为v ,则有: BLv =ε (1分)P 在中点时,由闭合电路欧姆定律,有: EI R R =+ (1分) 两板间电压为:U IR = (1分) 板间电场强度为: dUE = (1分)带电粒子作匀速直线运动,有:qE mg = (1分) 联立得: qBLm gdv 2=(1分) (2)当P 移至C 时,平行板间的电压变:ε32=C U (1分) 板间电压增大,粒子向上偏,设偏转的距离为y ,电场力对粒子做的功W ,根据动能定理: k E mgy W ∆=- (1分),又:y dU qW C=(1分),联立得:k E W ∆4=(2分)25.(1)解:首先判断F 的方向。
设恒力水平向左,大小为F ,摩擦力大小为f ,物体从A 到B 的加速度大小为a 1。
则:由牛顿第二定律:1+F f ma =(1分);又: f mg μ=(1分)由题设条件,物体从A 到B 作匀减速运动,有:2AB A 11112s v t a t =-(1分) 联立并代入数据,得:a 1=4m/s 2(水平向左),F =12N (水平向左)(1分) (评分:能计算出F =12N 并指出方向就给4分)(b ).2.4.6.8.10 d接下来要判断在哪个阶段撤去F 。
设物体从A 点到速度为零的P 点共经历的时间为t 2,通过的位移为AP s ,这段时间没有撤去F 。
有:2A1ΔΔt v t v a ==(1分) 12AAP20a v s --=(1分) 解得:2 1.5s t = AP 4.5m 3.75m s => (1分)说明物体向右运动阶段没有撤去F (评分:能判断到这一点就给3分)设在t 时刻撤去F ,则在2t t -时间内,物体在F 和水平向右方向的摩擦力f '(mg μ=)作用下,由P 点向左作匀加速运动并到达M 点。