2020届高考英语(人教版)必修四课堂要点精析讲义Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar— 现在分词作状语含答案
人教版必修四unit4知识点
Unit4 Body languageⅠ . 常考单词必背1 ． statement n.陈说；说明His statement is completely untrue.他的话完整部是在说谎。
2 ． greet vi .& vt .迎接；问候I greeted her with a smile.我笑着向她致谢。
[ 迅速闪记 ](1)greet sb with...用迎接；用向某人打招呼(2)greeting n. (常用复数形式) 问候；庆祝；贺词3 ． represent vt .代表；象征In the western countries ， V often represents victory.在西方国家，V 常象征着成功。
He represented himself as a doctor.他自称是一个医生。
[ 迅速闪记 ](1)represent sth to sb 向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事represent...as...把描述成represent oneself as/to be... 自称是(2)representative n.代表4 ． curious adj . 好奇的The children were curious to know what was happening over there.孩子们好奇地想知道那处正在发生什么。
[ 迅速闪记 ](1)be curious about对(某事物)感觉好奇be curious to do...很想做某事；盼望做某事(2)curiously adv .好奇地5 ． approach vt ..& vi .凑近；凑近；走近n. 凑近；方法；门路As summer approached，the weather became hotter and hotter. 跟着夏季的邻近，天气愈来愈热了。
[ 迅速闪记 ]be approaching (时间或某事) 马上到临(an) approach to凑近，做某事的方法(门路 ) (to为介词)at the approach of...在快到的时候make an approach to凑近6 ． defend vt .保护；捍卫defence n .防守；捍卫In the meeting few people spoke in my defence.会议上，没有几个人为我辩白。
2020届高考英语(人教版)必修四课堂要点精析讲义Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Learning about LanguageUsingLanguage
Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language[原文呈现]WHY NOT① CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK?I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on② great women of China.By chance③I came across④ an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi⑤，a specialist in women’s diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career⑥，travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles⑦. One of them caught my eye. It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate⑧ from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness⑨. Why did she write that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended⑩for women in the countryside. Perhaps if they had an emergency⑪they could not reach a doctor.[读文清障]①Why not ...？“为什么不……”，用以提出建议。
高中英语必修四unit4知识点
高中英语必修四unit4知识点高中英语必修四unit4知识点很多同学进入高中以后，发现高中英语学习和初中英语学习有很多不同之处，你想知道必修四的英语课本有哪些知识点吗?下面是店铺为大家整理的高中英语必备的知识点，希望对大家有用!英语必修四unit4知识1. on the left side of the chart在图表的左边2. make notes作笔记3. act out表演出来4. the purpose of languange语言的目的5. give an example举例6. be interested in the development of 对…的发展感兴趣7. at a major hotel在大酒店8. local business people当地商人9. represent the Chinese government代表中国政府10. look around in a curious way好奇地四处张望11. disappoint your boss使老板失望12. an exciting experience一次另人兴奋的经历13. closely followed by…后面跟着…14. introduce…to…介绍…15. approach sb靠近…the approach of spring春天的到来the approaching examinations即将到来的考试16. touch her and kiss her on the cheek吻她的脸颊17. step back后退18. take a few steps away from离开…退开几步19. at the time as同时…20. reach his hand out to伸出手去…21. a learned man 有知识的人，有学问的人22. in the same way同样…23. spoken language口语24. express their feelings表达感情25. keep physical distance，保持身体距离高中英语知识重点It 作形式宾语用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
人教版高中英语必修unit4课文知识点详解
of the stars
基础落实
Ⅰ.高频单词思忆
1.The Chinese government did well in preventing SARS from spreading.
2.He cheered up at the good news. 3.There is a friendly atmosphere of helping
6.The fans cheered up at the _p_r_e_s_e_n_c_e_ (到场) of Jay Chou.
7.As a student,I should learn the _f_u_n_d_a_m_e_n_t_a_l (基本的) rules of mathematics.
8.A balloon _f_l_o_a_t_e_d_(飘过) across the sky. 9.There is a shortage of _o_x_y_g_e_n_(氧气) at the
2020/7/25
归纳总结 mass _n_.(_聚__成__一__体__的__)_团__;_块__;_大_多__数__;_质__量__;_群__众__;_大__量_。 a mass of/masses of大量的 the mass media大众传媒 mass production批量生产 in the mass总体上，总的来说 the (great) mass of大多数，大部分 注意 在表示“大量的，许多的”含义时，a mass of/masses of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数 名词。在英语中类似的短语还包括：plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities of等。
(完整word版)人教版高中英语必修4知识点讲解(良心出品必属精品)
His son cared for him when he was ill.
In fact, I don’t really care for basketball.
另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：
Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour.
7. argue
【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)
9. care for
【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)
【名师点拨】observe vt.意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：
I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.
2020届高考英语(人教版)必修四课堂要点精析讲义 Unit 2 单元小结 Word版含答案
Last weekend, whether to go climbing or tosee a film confused us. Some preferred seeing afilm to going climbing while I would rather goclimbing, for hard conditions could build up ourcharacters. Finally, they were satisfied with myproposal and therefore we went climbing.Equipped with some necessities, we went tothe mountain that was rich in mushrooms, whichwere mainly exported to foreign countries. Upon putting up the tent at the foot of the mountain, we struggled to climb. Focusing on finding our way, we came across what was called a poisonous snake, leading to our having to stop. We had to choose another way to keep us free from its attack. But much to our regret, we didn’t see any mushroom on this way. To make matters worse, we lost our way. Thanks to a local worker, we rid ourselves of the trouble.Later, our teacher made a comment about our performance, which made us proud of ourselves.上个周末，是去爬山还是去看电影让我们很为难。
(完整word版)人教版高中英语必修4知识点讲解(良心出品必属精品)
人教版高中英语必修4知识点讲解必修4Un itl Wome n of achieveme nt 知识点讲解重点词汇1. achieve【课文原句】She has achieved everyth ing she wan ted to do …(P3) 【名师点拨】achieve v.意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。
其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement 可指“成就感”。
如：He had fin ally achieved success.Eve n a small success gives you a sense of achieveme nt.2. con diti on【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gaveprisoners work and education. (P1)【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions ;意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition 表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。
如：We should pay more attention to the poor living under the badcon diti ons.The astr on auts soon got used to the con diti on of weightless ness.My car is old but in good con diti on.He is overweight and out of con diti on.【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that ,表示“如果；在... 条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用un der the condition that 。
高中英语必修4unit4课文知识点讲解(课堂PPT)
归纳总结 agreement __n_.协__议__；_一__致__；__同_意___。 1.Sign an agreement签定协议 1.break an agreement违反协议 3.reach/make an agreement达成协议 4.under an agreement根据协议 5.in agreement (with)(意见等)一致
即学即用 (1)对你周围的世界感到新奇是件好事。
It is good to _b_e__c_u_r_i_o_u_s__a_b_o_u_t_ the world around you. (2)我很想知道孩子们在做什么。
I’m _c_u_r_i_o_u_s__t_o__k_n_o_w_ what the children are
negotiations.
重点短语与句型
6.at ease
The most universal facial expression is,of course, the smile—its function is to show happiness and
at ease put people _______.(P30) 观察思考 1.He is at ease about the matter. 2.When you feel nervous,you’d better listen
—What does the E stand for?
——E代表什么？ 即学即用 (1)她把自己描绘成世界上最好的母亲。
She Represents herself as the kindest
mother in the world.
(2)那个国家的外交部长代表该国出席了会议。
The country __w_a_s__r_e_p_r_e_s_e_n_t_e_d__a_t__t_h_e__c_o_n_f_e_r_e_n_ce
人教版高中英语必修4 Unit4 重难点解析
Unit4 重难点解析1. People from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. (Reading)① approach既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，常作“接近，靠近；与……打交道；开始考虑，处理（问题）”解。
如：The train is approaching the station.火车快要进站了。
New Year’s Day is approaching.元旦就要到了。
Did he approach you about borrowing some money from you?他有没有找你谈过关于借钱给他的事？There are several ways of approaching this problem.处理这个问题有好几种方法。
②likely意为“可能的”，在此作形容词，常用于sb. / sth. be likely to do sth. （不能用possible，probable替换likely）结构及It is likely that ...句型，意为“很可能……，有希望……”；另外，likely还可作定语，意为“可能的；合适的”。
如：An accident is likely to happen. （= It is likely that an accident will happen.）很可能要发生一场事故。
One likely result of this heavy rain is the rising of the river.这场大雨造成的一个可能的后果就是河水上涨。
I couldn’t find a likely house.我找不到一个合适的房子。
2. In most countries, nodding the head up and down shows agreement, while shaking the head means that you do not agree, or that you refuse to do something.(Using Language) 此句中while是连词，表示转折、对比，转折语气较弱，常译成“而”，是较正式用语。
人教版必修四Unit4重难点全梳理
人教版必修四Unit4重难点全梳理Unit4 Body Language【重点单词】1. representvt. 代表；象征；表现, 描绘representationn. 代表；象征；表现, 描绘representativen. 代表；代理人The painting represents the scene of a bumper harvest.这幅画描绘了丰收的景象。
The Foreign Minister represented the country at the conference.外交部长代表该国出席大会。
The dove represents peace.鸽子象征和平。
2. curious adj. 好奇的，感兴趣的The child was curious about everything around him.这个孩子对他身边的每一件东西都感到很好奇。
I was curious to know the results of the exam.我极想知道考试的结果。
It’s curious that he didn’t tell you that thing.他没有告诉你那件事，真是反常。
知识拓展curiosity n. 好奇I asked out of mere curiosity.我只不过是出于好奇问问罢了。
Her father tried his best to satisfy her curiosity.她的父亲想尽一切办法来满足她的好奇心。
3. approach（1）vi. & vt. 接近, 走近, 靠近Walk softly as you approach the bed.当你接近床时, 步子轻些。
Christmas was approaching/ drawing near.圣诞节快到了。
(2) n. 接近，靠近；方式，方法；途径，入口Our approach drove away the birds.我们一靠近，鸟儿全飞走了。
人教版新课标必修4 Unit 4全单元精讲讲义(附练习答案)
Unit 4Ⅰ. 要点导读1. They will be meeting at a major hotel with local business people and people who represent the Chinese government. (P25) major adj.“主要的；较大的；重要的”，句中a major hotel 意为“大酒店”；major经常用作名词，意为“主修课程；专业课”；可作动词，主要用于major in，意为“主修”。
eg: Many people wish to live in a major city.She decided to take computer as her major.My friend majored in economics at Tsinghua University.local adj.“地方的；当地的”，含有local的常用词组：local customs“地方风俗”；local news“本地新闻”；the local TV station“地方电视台”；the local court“地方法院”；the local government“地方政府”。
eg: My sister studies at a local university.represent在本句中“代表”，还有“象征；表现；描绘；扮演”等意思。
eg: We must choose someone to represent us. (代表)The stars in our flag represent the States. (象征)This picture represents a man riding a horse. (表现)meet with sb“和某人会晤(商讨问题等)”。
但具体句子要具体分析，有时候可表示“偶然遇见”。
eg: I met with a friend on the train yesterday. (偶遇)2. You introduce them to each other, and are surprised by what you see. (P26)introduce v.“介绍；引荐；引进；采用”，常和to连用，即introduce… to…。
人教版高考英语核心考点归纳必修四：unit 4知识点总结
高考英语核心考点归纳--必修四unit 41.represent vt.代表;描绘;体现;象征【教材原句】Yesterday,another student and I,representing our university’s student association,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.昨天,我和另外一个学生代表我们学校的学生会,到首都国际机场迎接今年的留学生。
派生representation n.表现;描述;描绘;表现形式representative n.代表adj.典型的;有代表性的领悟高考·究考法「◆用represent的适当形式填空」(1)The circle is divided into sections,and each section represents a fraction of the data. 圆被分成几部分,每个部分代表一组数据。
(2)As a representative of the farmers,I support the construction of the project.作为一名农民代表,我支持这个项目的建设。
(3)She held up one chopstick representing one person.她举起一根筷子,每根筷子代表一个人。
(4)For most of the last century,the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds.在上个世纪的大部分时间里,汽车代表着美国精神,他们在高速前进的过程中寻找新世界。
(5)The short poem is regarded as one of the earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.联想拓展·记考点(1)represent...as...把……描绘成……(2)represent oneself as/to be自称是……;声言……(3)represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事;向某人陈述某事(4)on behalf of 代表(5)stand for 代表2.curious adj.好奇的【教材原句】...I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.……我看见几个年轻人走进了等候区,好奇地向四周张望。
2020届人教版高考英语必修4知识串讲：unit 4
-人教版必修四-unit 4【基础词汇】1.cheek n. 面颊2.dash vi. 猛冲;突进3.crossroads n. 十字路口4.facial adj. 面部的5.function n. 作用;功能;职能vi. 起作用;运转6.fist n. 拳头7.yawn vi. 打呵欠8.subjective adj. 主观的9.rank n. 等级;军衔10.cassette n. 磁带【高频词汇】1.dormitory n.宿舍2.canteen n.食堂3.flight n.飞行;航班4.approach vt.&vi.接近;靠近;走近n.接近;方法;途径5.defence n.防御;保卫6.adult n.成人;成年人adj.成人的;成熟的7.likely adj.可能的8.ease n.安逸;舒适vt.减轻(痛苦;忧虑)9.false adj.错误的;假的10.anger n.怒气;怒火11.hug vi.&vt.拥抱【核心词汇】1.statement n.陈述;说明→state vt.陈述n.州;国家;状态2.greet vt.&vi.迎接;问候→greeting n.问候;致敬3.represent vt.代表;象征→representation n.表现;描述→representative n.代表adj.有代表性的4.association n.社团;联系;联想→associate vt.联合;联系5.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心6.defend vt.保护;保卫→defence n.防御;保卫7.major adj.主要的→major vi.主修→majority n.大多数;多数8.misunderstand vt.误解;误会→misunderstanding n.误解;误会9.spoken adj.口语的→unspoken adj.未说出口的;非口语的10.truly adv.真实地;真诚地;真正地→tr ue adj.真正的;真诚的→truth n.真理;真相【词汇联想】1.“方法”用法种种(1)做某事的方法the approach to (doing) sth.the way to do/of doing sth.the method of doing sth.the means of doing sth.(2)用这种方法by this meansin this waywith this method2.表示“主要的;首要的”的形容词一览chief首要的main主要的major主要的;重要的primary主要的;首要的principal主要的;首要的3.“be+adj.+about”短语小结be crazy about对……疯狂be nervous about对……紧张be curious about对……好奇be anxious about为……担心/焦虑be cautious about对……谨慎be particular about对……挑剔4.常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃forehead前额cheek 脸颊tongue舌头chest 胸部shoulder肩膀throat 喉咙lung肺5.由truly想到的due→duly按时地simple→simply简单地;仅仅possible→possibly可能地;也许comfortable→comfortably舒服地gentle→gently温柔地;温和地【短语】1.at ease 舒适;快活;自由自在2.turn one’s back to 背对3.step back 后退4.reach one’s hand out to 向……伸出手去5.roll one’s eyes 翻白眼1.保卫……以免受defend...against2.很可能……;有希望…… be likely to3.总的来说;通常in general4.丢脸lose face5.误解be wrong about【短语联想】“一般说来”与“总之”短语(1)generally speaking一般说来as a rule通常;一般说来in general通常;一般而言on the average一般说来(2)in short/brief总之;简言之on the whole总之in a word 总之all in all总之in conclusion 总之【句式】1.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia,closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的人是来自哥伦比亚的托尼·加西亚,紧随其后的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。
人教版高中高一英语必修4(四)各单元重点知识点归纳最新可打印版(K12教育文档)
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人教版高中高一英语必修4(四）各单元重点知识点归纳Unit1 Women of achievement重要词汇拓展1 welfare n 福利事业，福利2 achievement n。
成就，功绩→achieve v。
达到，完成，实现3。
specialist n.专家，专业工作者→special adj。
特殊的,专门的→specialize vi。
专攻，专门从事4。
project n。
方案，计划,，设计，工程, 企业, 事业，科研项目; 课外自修项目vi. ①伸出，突出②设想自已处身于（into）5. connection n。
连接，关系→connect v.连接6. condition n。
状况（不可数),条件（可数），环境（复数）on no condition 决不anization n。
组织，机构,团体 organize—vt。
组织;筹备，成立; 使加入工会，使有条理8.behave v。
举止，表现→behavior n。
行为，举止9. shade n。
阴凉处 v。
遮住光线10.▲ worthwhile adj。
值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.worth adj。
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Section_ⅢGrammar—现在分词作状语语法图解探究发现①... I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.②I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.③She stepped back appearing surprised ...④Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.⑤When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door ...⑥Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving away.⑦The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished.⑧Hearing the news, they jumped for joy.⑨Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer.[我的发现](1)黑体部分在句中作伴随状语的是①②③④⑤；作时间状语的是⑥；作结果状语的是⑦；作原因状语的是⑧⑨。
(2)比较句⑧和⑨可知：句⑧中动词-ing形式短语为一般式，表示动作与谓语动词同时发生；句⑨中动词-ing形式短语为完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。
(3)观察句①～⑨可知现在分词的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。
一、现在分词作状语的用法现在分词(短语)在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。
1．作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句)。
Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.＝When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。
[名师点津]当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
2．作原因状语(一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句)Being ill, he couldn’t go to school.＝As he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.因为生病了，他无法去上学。
3．作条件状语(一般放在句首，其前可以加if, unless等连词)Working hard, you’ll make great progress.＝If you work hard, you’ll make great progress.如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。
4．作结果状语现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。
The plate dropped from her hands, breaking into pieces.盘子从她手中掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
[名师点津]现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。
而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。
试比较：He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch a cold.被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
5．作让步、方式和伴随状语现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。
作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book.＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。
[名师点津]为强调动词-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。
例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上(al)though，强调让步等。
Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管他们了解这一切，但还是让我赔偿损失。
[即时演练1](1)分析下列各句中现在分词作状语的类型①Hearing the news, they immediately set off for the station. 时间状语②Not knowing his address, I can’t write to him.原因状语③The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.结果状语④Living miles away, he attended the lecture.让步状语⑤He lay in bed, reading a novel.伴随状语⑥Using a stick, the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.方式状语⑦Keeping on your feet, you will make yourself more tired.条件状语(2)补全句子①(湖南高考改编)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, staring_at_the_night_sky (凝视着夜空)．②Being_poor (因为穷), he can’t afford a computer.③(2016·北京高考改编)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, turning_the_old_town_into (把老城变成) a dreamland.二、现在分词作状语注意事项1．现在分词的时态现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。
(1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。
Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine.我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。
(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。
Having finished the letter, he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。
(having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)[即时演练2]用所给词的适当形式填空①(2016·天津高考改编)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making (make) air conditioning unnecessary.②Having_worked (work) for three hours, he took a rest.③Having_lived (live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well.④(江西高考改编)Having_spent (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.⑤Seeing (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.2．现在分词的语态使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。
句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。
Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。
Having finished his homework, he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。
[即时演练3]用所给词的适当形式填空①Being_talked (talk) to, you should look into the eyes of the person.②Having_been_told (tell) for several times, he still couldn’t understand the rules.③Having_received (receive) his reply, she rang him up.④(重庆高考改编)Having_been_asked (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.3．动词-ing形式的否定式：not＋v.-ing; not having＋v.-edNot knowing this, he didn’t come.他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
4．独立主格动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.由于天气好，我们去散步了。