21世纪大学实用英语第一单元
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后习题答案unit-1
Unit 1误会佚名他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。
在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。
他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。
但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。
她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。
告诉公共汽车司机。
”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。
这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。
但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。
当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。
司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。
当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。
然后他们关闭了那条公路。
那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。
警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。
当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。
两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。
他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。
他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。
起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。
奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。
“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗?”他问航班服务员。
航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。
“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。
”因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。
并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。
大多数误会远没有这么严重。
每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七?”“你是说你能来还是不能来?”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。
一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗?” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。
她在办公室工作。
老板为什么问她盘子的事呢？一整天她都对老板的怪问题感到纳闷，但又不好意思开口问他。
21世纪大学实用英语重点unit1-6
Unit15．1. George is a smart boy; he is one of the best students in his class.2. You have to work hard if you want succeed in your courses.3.Shortly after you left, a girl came into our office looking for you.4. At first, the course was a bit difficult for me but I managed to pass the final exam with a fairly good grade.5. Mary is my best friend and I always share my secrets（秘密）with her.9. Children in China enter school at the age of 6 or 7 and must study there for at least nine years.10. The earth is surrounded by air, which makes up its atmosphere (大气层).9、1. 约翰既聪明又有责任心。
他喜欢跟别人交朋友。
John is both smart and responsible. He likes to make friends with other people.2. 我已经决定竞争这个新岗位。
你也可以竞争。
你自己决定吧。
I have made the decision to compete for the new post. You can compete for it, too.10、1、I had to set a study program if Iwangted to succeed in my courses. 如果我想在学业上取得成功，我必须制定一个学习计划。
21世纪大学实用英语(综合教程)第一册Unit1-6课文翻译与课后答案
21世纪大学实用英语(综合教程)第一册Unit1-6课文翻译与课后答案21世纪大学实用英语综合教程（第一册）Unit1~6课文翻译及课后答案第一单元Text A 大学——我一生中的转折点佚名作为一名一年级新生初进大学时，我害怕自己在学业上搞不好。
我害怕独自一人在外，因为我是第一次远离家人。
这里周围都是我不认识的人，而他们也不认识我。
我得和他们交朋友，或许还得在我要学的课程上跟他们在分数上进行竞争。
他们比我更聪明吗？我跟得上他们吗？他们会接受我吗？我很快就认识到，我的生活现在就取决于我自己了。
如果我要在学业上取得成功，我就必须制定一份学习计划。
我必须调整花在学习上的时间和花在社交上的时间。
我必须决定什么时候上床睡觉，什么时候吃什么，什么时候喝什么，对什么人表示友好。
这些问题我都得自己回答。
开始时，生活有点艰难。
我在怎样利用时间上犯了错误。
我在交朋友上花的时间太多了。
我还在怎样选择大学里的第一批朋友上犯了一些错误。
然而不久，我就控制住了自己的生活。
我做到了按时上课，完成并交上了第一批作业，而且以相当好的成绩通过了前几次考试。
此外，我还交了一些朋友，跟他们在一起我感到很自在，我能把我担心的事告诉他们。
我建立了一种真正属于我自己的常规——一种满足了我的需要的常规。
结果，我开始从一个不同的视角看待我自己了。
我开始把自己看作是一个对自己负责也对朋友和家人负责的人。
凡事自己做决定并看到这些决定最终证明是明智的决定，这种感觉很好。
我猜想这就是人们所说的“成长”的一部分吧。
我未来的生活将会怎样呢？在人生的这一阶段，我真的不能确定我的人生之路最终将会走向何方，我真的不知道在以后的几年中我会做什么。
但我知道，我能应对未来，因为我已经成功地跃过了我生命中的这一重要障碍：我已经完成了从一个依赖家人给予感情支持的人向一个对自己负责的人的过渡。
Practice 51. smart2. succeed3. shortly4. managed5. share6. fear7. responsible 8. however 9. enter 10. surrounded 11. handle 12. comfortablePractice 61. is up to2. keep up with3. under control4. at first5. grew up6. make friends with7. turned out8. as a result9. set up 10. in additionPractice 71. how to play the game2. whereI wanted to go3. whether they would accept him or not4. what to do and how to do it5. whom to love and whom not to6. when he made that decisionPractice 81. I see Li Ming as my best friend. We share the same hobbies and interests.2. They looked upon their math teacher as their best teacher.3. We think of this place as our home.4. They looked on their college life as their happiest years in their life.Practice 91. John is both smart and responsible. He likes to make friends with other people.2. I have made the decision to compete for the new post. You can compete for it, too.3. Shortly after the doctor came, he managed to have my father’s illness under control.4. As freshmen, most of us do not know what college life has in store for us, but we all know that we must do well in our studies.5. To succeed in college, we must keep up with the other students and set up a routine thatmeets out needs.6. Though the assignments last week turned out to be more difficult than I thought, I handed them in on time.Text B 我希望从大学教育中得到什么亚历克西斯·沃尔顿中学毕业后，我计划做几件事。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程课文翻译及课后习题答案unit-1
Unit 1误会佚名他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。
在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。
他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。
但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。
她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。
告诉公共汽车司机。
”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。
这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。
但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。
当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。
司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。
当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。
然后他们关闭了那条公路。
那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。
警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。
当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。
两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。
他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。
他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。
起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。
奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。
“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗?”他问航班服务员。
航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。
“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。
”因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。
并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。
大多数误会远没有这么严重。
每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七?”“你是说你能来还是不能来?”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。
一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗?” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。
她在办公室工作。
老板为什么问她盘子的事呢？一整天她都对老板的怪问题感到纳闷，但又不好意思开口问他。
21世纪实用英语综合教程Unit1
PREV.
BACK
Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 1
UNIT 1
Time
Contents
Plan
2 periods Preview
Listening and Speaking
The teacher explains the Preview so that the students will have some idea of what this unit is about. Then, the teacher lets the students
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UNIT 1
Time Contents
Plan
1 period Grammar Review
1) Grammar Review
The teacher talks about the difference between countable and uncountable nouns, and at the same time, asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.
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UNIT 1
Time
Contents
Plan
2) Text A
The teacher
A. discusses the whole text with the students (one period);
B. guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students’ homework according to the students’ levels (one period or more).
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后习题答案unit-1(1)
Unit 1误会佚名他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。
在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。
他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。
但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。
她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。
告诉公共汽车司机。
”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。
这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。
但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。
当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。
司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。
当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。
然后他们关闭了那条公路。
那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。
警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。
当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。
两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。
他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。
他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。
起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。
奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。
“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗?”他问航班服务员。
航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。
“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。
”因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。
并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。
大多数误会远没有这么严重。
每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七?”“你是说你能来还是不能来?”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。
一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗?” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。
她在办公室工作。
老板为什么问她盘子的事呢？一整天她都对老板的怪问题感到纳闷，但又不好意思开口问他。
21世纪大学实用英语-book1-课文翻译[1]
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B班（21世纪大学实用英语-BOOK1）课文翻译Unit1 Text A (p.4)在大学里生存：成功小贴士尼基·D·沃瑟姆1 如果你是一名新入学的大学生，下列小贴士可以帮助你在今年取得一个强劲的开端。
记住，学校教育很重要，你从学校中获取的知识也很重要，所以要认真对待你的教育，无论做什么都应该成功。
学习小贴士2 与朋友们一起学习。
跟你的同学或其他班级的学生一起学习是个好主意。
他们可能会看到解决问题的新方法，他们也许比你的教授们更容易理解。
3 利用大学的各种资源。
利用大学能提供的一切，如大学的图书馆；通常它比普通的公共图书馆更有帮助。
4 从失败中学习。
没有人能事事时时都出类拔萃。
不要对自己太苛刻，要努力从错误中学习，继续前进。
5 不要缺课。
如果你不去上课，你可能就会错过一些只有在课堂上才会发现的重要信息。
不去上课也会告诉教授你对自己的教育不认真。
6 不要在床上看书。
我们都知道在床上看书可能会发生什么。
在床上看书往往会睡着，而且一睡就是三个小时（如果不是睡上整整一夜的话）。
7 不要把学期论文拖到最后几天。
中学里能混过去的事情在大学里就行不通了。
你一旦落后就别指望赶上去了。
减轻压力8 利用清单。
列出待办事情的清单可以帮助你有条理地处理需要做的事情。
做完某件事情，就把它从清单上划掉。
9 善待自己。
困了就睡觉。
饿了就吃。
注意听取身体的诉求。
远离过多的咖啡因和垃圾食品，千万不要怕多花5分钟或10分钟休息一下或很快打个盹。
这会让你的脑子在这之后工作得更好。
10 不要不敢尽情地玩。
经过漫长的一天学习，你需要一些乐趣来帮助减轻压力。
尽情享受你的欢乐时光，不要把你的工作带进来。
大学须知11 不同的情况。
从中学到大学变化巨大。
你将在一天所有不同的时间上课，你的社团也将在所有不同的时间开会。
12 新的环境。
初进校园感到紧张没有关系，通常人人都会紧张。
你需要对新的人和新的经历敞开胸怀。
不要不敢介绍自己、结识别人。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后习题答案unit 1
3. until they have finished their speeches
4. until my teacher explained them in class with several examples
5. until I saw Sam Ward leave the building
thorough (彻底的）。
还有一些完全没有道理的词，如：
1. “corned beef”（咸牛肉）中的“corn”（ “玉米”） 在哪里?
2. “eggplant”（“茄子”）中的“egg” （“蛋”） 在哪里?
3. 为什么“grapefruit”(“柚子”)不是“fruit from the grape”(“葡萄的果实”)?
15
1. Take a look 2. get right 3. objected to 4. at least 5. makes no sense
6. beside himself 7. dawn on 8. think of
�
do(做）— dew（露水),
red(红的）— read（读过),
ate（吃过）— eight(八）。
为什么我们有拼写相同但发音不同、意义也不同的词？看看这些词中你能读对几个？
1. 比利将把自己的礼物赠送给汤姆。
2. 我反对把那样东西留在这里。
3. 我估计这一估计数会太高。
答案
5
1. passengers 2. immediately 3. similar 4. wonder 5. continent
6. traffic 7. misunderstandings 8. common
21世纪大学实用英语-(U版)Unit1
4) Para. 6
i. Questions:
1. What did he think of his future at that time?
2. What does the expression “this important hurdle in my life” mean?
ii. Language points
say, whenever that happens.
ii. Language Points ---Words and Phrases
perspective: n. a way of looking at things and forming a judgment.
e.g. The Table 1 below gives some perspective of this.
succeed: vi. do what one is trying to do; achieve the desired end.
e.g. If you can learn, you can succeed in school. If you try hard, you will succeed.
e.g. His routine work is to rub the coal through
a sieve. look upon/on: regard(sb.or sth.) in the
specified way. e.g. They look upon it quite as their own, I dare
be off: leave or be away. e.g. I must be off now. (I must leave now.)
21世纪大学实用英语,复旦大学出版社答案
II
1 do well in one’s studies 2 for the first time 3 away from one’s family
4 compete with sb. for sth. 5 set a study program 6 decide when to go to bed
educate─education produce─production assign─assignment develop─development
achieve─achievement announce─announcement
1 assignments 2 production 3 education 4 announcement 5 infection
3 A (2) 2B (1) 3C (0.5) 4D (0)
4 A (2) 2B (1) 3C (0..5) 4D (0)
5 张小姐：
我得了重感冒，不能来校上课。特此请病假两天。附上医生的病假证明。
V. Dear Jiang Jun,
I am very glad to hear that you did verywell in the College Entrance Examinations and will soon enter a leadinguniversity in Beijing.I feel very proud of you and I know that you will do even better in the days tocome.
10 June 15th, August 15th
IV. 1 A 0.5 B 2 C 0 D 1 2 A 0.5 B 2 C 1 D 0
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册Unit1
21世纪⼤学实⽤英语综合教程第⼆册Unit1教案1st period Text A (Global Reading)1 Background InformationEnglish LanguageThe English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries.During the 1500s, fewer than 2 million people spoke English. All of them lived in what is now Great Britain. Through thecenturies, as the result of various historical events, English spread throughout the world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native language. Most of them live in Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States.Another 100 million people living chiefly in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and in many African countries speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people probably know at least some English. (From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)Characteristics of EnglishV ocabulary. English has a larger vocabulary than any other language. There are more than 600,000 words in the largest dictionaries of the English language.Some English words have been passed on from generation to generation as far back as scholars can trace. These words, such as woman, man, sun, hand, love, go, and eat, express basic ideas and feelings. Later, many words were borrowed from other languages, including Arabic, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, Russian, and Spanish. For example, algebra is from Arabic, fashion from French, piano from Italian, and canyon from Spanish.A number of words, such as doghouse and splashdown, were formed by combining other words. New words were also created by blending words. For example, motor and hotel were blended into motel. Words can be shortened to form new words, as was done with history to form story. Words called acronyms are formed by using the first letter or letters of several words. The word radar is an acronym for radio detection and ranging.Pronunciation and spelling in English sometimes seem illogical or inconsistent. Many words are spelled similarly though pronounced differently. Examples include cough, though, and through. Other words, such as blue, crew, to, too, and shoe, have similar pronunciations but are spelled differently. Many of these variations show changes that occurred during the development of English. The spelling of some words remained the same through the centuries, though their pronunciation changed.Grammar is the set of principles used to create sentences. These principles define the elements used to assemble sentences and the relationships between the elements. The elements include parts of speech and inflections.Parts of speech are the word categories of the English language. Scholars do not all agree on how to describe the parts of speech. The traditional description listseight classes: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. The most important relationships of the parts of speech include subject and verb, verb and predicate, and modifier and the word modified.English has fewer inflections than most other European languages. An English noun has only two inflections, the plural and the possessive. Inflections are used to change the tense and number of a verb or the case of a pronoun. Inflections can change adjectives to the comparative or the superlative — for example, big, bigger, biggest.American EnglishAmerican English is a variety of the English language spoken in the United States. Although all Americans do not speak the same way, their speech has enough in common that American English can be recognized as a variety of English distinct from British English, Australian English, and other national varieties. American English has grown up with the country. It began to diverge from British English during its colonial beginnings and acquired regional differences and ethnic flavor during the settlement of the continent.Today it influences other languages and other varieties of English because it is the medium by which the attractions of American culture — its literature, motion pictures, and television programs — are transmitted to the world. Characteristics of American EnglishA. PronunciationIn broad terms, Canadian and American speakers tend to sound like one another. They also tend to sound different from a large group of English speakers who sound more British, such as those in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. For example, most Canadians and Americans pronounce an r sound after the vowel in words like barn, car,and farther, while speakers from the British English group do not. Also, some British English speakers drop h sounds at the beginning of words, so that he and his are pronounced as if they were spelled ee and is. The English spoken in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa sounds more like British English than American English does because these varieties have had less time to diverge from British English. The process of separate development began later in these countries than in North America.In some cases there are differences between American English and British English in the rhythm of words. British speakersseem to leave out a syllable in words like secretary, as if it were spelled secretry, while Americans keep all the syllables. The opposite is true of other words, such as specialty, which Americans pronounce with three syllables (spe-cial-ty) while British speakers pronounce it with five syllables (spe-ci-al-i-ty). V owels and consonants may also have different pronunciations. British speakers pronounce zebra to rhyme with Debra, while American speakers make zebra rhyme with Libra. Canadian and British speakers pronounce the word schedule as if it began with an sh sound, while Americans pronounce it as if it began with an sk sound.B. WordsThe most frequently used words are shared by speakers of different varieties of English. These words include the most common nouns, the most common verbs, and most function words (such as pronouns, articles, and prepositions). The different varieties of English do, however, use different words for many words that are slightly less common —for example, British crisps for American potato chips, Australian billabong for American pond, and Canadian chesterfield for American sofa. It is even more common for the same word to exist with different meanings in different varieties of English.Corn is a general term in Britain, for which Americans use grain, while corn in American English is a specific kind of grain. The word pond in British English usually refers to an artificial body of water, whereas ponds also occur naturally in North America. British English chemist is the same as American English drugstore, and in Canada people go to the druggist. Many of the words most easily recognized as American in origin are associated with aspects of American popular culture, such as gangster or cowboy.C. SpellingAmerican English spelling differs from British English spelling largely because of one man, American lexicographer Noah Webster. In addition to his well-known An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828), Webster published The American Spelling Book (1783, with many subsequent editions), which became one of the most widely used schoolbooks in American history. Webster’s books sought to standardize spelling in the United States by promoting the use of an American language that intentionally differed from British English. The development of a specifically American variety of Englis h mirrored the newcountry’s separate political development. Webster’s most successful changes were spellings with or instead of our (honor, labor for the British honour, labour); with er instead of re (center, theater for the British centre, theatre); with an s instead of a c (defense, license for the British defence, licence); with a final ck instead of que (check, mask for the British cheque, masque); and without a final k (traffic, public, now also used in British English, for the older traffick, publick). Later spelling reform created a few other differences, such as program for British programme. Canadian spelling varies between the British and American forms, more British in eastern Canada and more American in western Canada.2. Group DiscussionHave you ever had an experience in which you are misunderstood or have failed to understand others? Misunderstandings can result from the spoken form or written form of the language that you use.2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)Words and Expressions & Difficult Sentences1) misunderstanding: n. (an example of) wrong understanding 误解，误会e.g. Her poor French often leads to misunderstandings when she visits France. misunderstand: vt. understand wrongly 误解e.g. I’m sorry, I misunderstood you.It seems that you have misunderstood what I said at the meeting.2) get on: board (a bus, a train, etc.)登上（公共汽车、⽕车等）e.g. When I got on the bus, I found all the seats were occupied.They felt worried when they realized that they had got on the wrong train.3) head for: go towards 向…⾛去；朝…⾏进e.g. The ship was heading for Britain.He headed for the bus stop.4) …he could ride to New York without paying.介词without 解释为“不、未”，其后跟动词时，须⽤V-ing形式。
《21世纪实用英语》 Unit 1 阅读与写作对分V 2
在小组讨论中，其 他成员可以帮助的 问题
Part Five
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brings light to many dark situations. Finding something
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in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand. A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
学习通调查：3 分钟
独学：4分钟
Task: write 3 reasons why you want to be a college student.
讨论：4分钟
Task: discuss with your group member and choose 3 reasons to write a passage by beginning with the following sentences: I want to be a college student for the following reasons.
surround
围绕
Question: Find the above words and phrases in the passage and write down their Chinese meaning.
Part Two
What is a topic sentence?
英语段落的中心思想常用主题句表达。所谓主题句就是 概括说明某一段落中心思想的句子。
独学：3分钟
Unit 1 21世纪大学实用英语
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4. You’d better do it faster.
5. A funny couple wants some money.
UNIT 1
6. 7. 8. 9.
A friend in need is a friend indeed. Tom is as thin as a pin. Catch that mad cat. Better late than never.
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10. It is half past one.
UNIT 1
Listen to the following sentences and underline the word you hear in each sentence.
KEY
1. Do you see the (sheep / ship ) over there? 2. After (working / walking ) for two hours, we were tired.
KEY
KEY
3. Black coffee tastes (better / bitter ).
KEY
4. He said it was a ( hard / hot) year.
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UNIT 1
KEY
5. Football is a good ( sport / spot) for you. 6. Mary’s (dead / dad ) is still working. 7. This ( word / world) is very interesting.
21世纪大学实用行业英语Unit 1
Unit 1 Marketing
Reading
Oral Practice
MiniProject
Phrases & Terms
Surfing the Internet
Video Clip
Words & Phrases
cave man (史前石器时代的)穴居野人 fix /fk/ v.修理
Unit 1 Marketing
Unit 1 Marketing
Reading
Oral Practice
MiniProject
Phrases & Terms
Surfing the Internet
Video Clip
2 Marketing probably started with one cave man finding he had too much meat, but no fresh vegetables. So he made a deal with a man who had vegetables, but no meat. A simple exchange. So much meat for so many vegetables. Both cave men were happy. Both had exchanged something they valued for something of equal value. In time, groups of people came together into villages. Then the exchanges became more involved. One man would fix a roof in return for chickens and eggs. He would then exchange some of the eggs for bread at the baker’s. Another may have sharpened all the knives in a home in exchange for having his garden dug. Both exchanged services rather than goods.
21世纪实用英语book1unit1-8
21世纪实用英语book1unit1-8Unit 1I study of the text1. What was the writer afraid of when he first became a college student?2. What are the three questions he had about his classmates and himself?3. What did the writer have to do in order to do well in his studies?4. What mistakes did the writer make at first?5. What happened to him shortly after?6. What other things did the writer do in addition to his studies?7. How did the writer begin to see himself as a result?8. What did he think of his future at that time?9. Why was the writer so sure about himself and his own future?10. What does the expression “this important hurdle in my life” mean?II study of words&grammar1. transition: n. (instance of) changing from one state or condition to another过渡；转变2. do well: be successful, especially in work or business 干得好Eg: Jack is doing very well at work.Tom did well at school when he was young.3. being off: 离开As this expression is used after the preposition “of”, the verb“be” takes the -ing form. The expression “be off ” means “leaveor be away”.Eg: I must be off now (=I must leave).Her son was off on a business trip somewhere (=Her son was away on a businesstrip somewhere).4. by oneself: alone 单独，独自Eg: Come in; we're all by ourselves.You can't go home by yourself in the dark.5. surround: vt. be or move into position all around (sb. or sth.) 包围；围住；环绕Eg: The trees surround the house.As a child I was surrounded by love and kindness6. compete: vi. try to win sth. by defeating others who are trying to do the same竞争；对抗Eg: It's difficult for a small country to compete against/with big countries7. keep up with: move or progress at the same rate as 跟上Eg: I had to walk fast to keep up with him.Jack's having trouble keeping up with the other students in his class.8. be up to: be left to (sb.) to decide取决于(某人)的，须由(某人)决定的Eg: You may do your homework today or tomorrow — it's up to you.It's up to our group leader to make the final decision9. set: cause to exist 树立，制定Eg: Parents should set a good example for their children.The school set high standards for its students10. regulate: vt. control (time, speed, etc.) so that it functions as desired调整；调节（时间、速度等）Eg: regulate one's liferegulate the temperature of a room11. with whom to be friendly: with whom to be friends对谁友好Eg: Betty' s very friendly with John and Tom12. for one self means unaided “without help” 独自地;依靠自己Eg: Nobody should help John with his homework this time. He must do it for himself.13. a bit: a little or to a small degree有点；稍微Eg: I ' m a bit tired tonight.She looks a bit like my sister.14. spend time (in) doing sth.: use time doing a particular thing花时间做某事Eg: Mary spends all her free time writing one book after another.I spent an hour reading.15. shortly : ad. in a short time; not long; soon 不久；很快Eg: Ms Jones will be back shortly.They began their work shortly after New Year' s Day.16. have sth. under control: have sth. managed, dealt with, or kept in ordersuccessfully使某事恢复正常；使某事处于控制之下Eg: I' m glad to see that you have had everything under control.The soldiers had had the fire under control by 9:00 p.m.17. manage: vt. succeed in doing (sth.) 设法做到Eg: Anyway, we managed to get there on time.When they first arrived in Shanghai, they managed to find a place to stay.18. addition : n. adding; person or thing added 加；增加的人（或物）in addition: as sth. extra; besides 另外；加之eg: Tom studies very hard in our school. In addition, he always helps his classmates.My English teacher knows three languages. In addition to English and Chinese, he also knows French.19. comfortable: a. feeling physically relaxed and satisfied; feeling free fromanxiety 舒适的；安逸的；无忧无虑的Eg: I was so comfortable and warm in bed that I didn' t want to get up.She does not feel very comfortable with strangers.20. share: vt. have or use (sth.) with others; tell (sb.) about (sth.)与别人分享（或合用）（某物）；把（某事）告诉（某人）Eg: I share an office with some other teachers.They shared the cake between them.I want to share my news with you.21. set up: establish 建立Eg: He set up a small travel business.A fund will be set up for the dead men' s families.22. meet: vt. satisfy 满足Eg: Does this meet your hopes?We are doing our best to meet your needs.23. as a result: coming or happening as a naturalconsequence 结果Eg: He made one big mistake and, as a result, lost his job.He was late as a result of the snow.24. look on/upon: regard (sb. or sth.) in the specified way（以特定目光或情绪）看；看待Eg: We looked on her as our own daughter.I look on him with dislike.25. see… as: regard… as 把…看作Eg: He saw himself as a great man.Similar expressions: I want you to think of this as your home.I look on him as a good friend.26. responsible : a. (for) legally or morally obliged to take care of sb. or sth.or to carry out a duty, and liable to be blamed if one fails（法律上或道义上）需负责任的,承担责任的Eg: He is responsible for the management of the company.They are not my children, but I still feel responsible for them.27. turn out: prove to be 证明是Eg: Our party last night turned out a success.I was a bit worried about John' s idea at first, but it turned out to be areally good one.28. in store: about to happen; waiting 即将发生；等待着Eg: You never know what' s in store for you.John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight!29. ahead: ad. & ［一般作表语］a. further forward in space or time在前面，在前Eg:The road ahead is very busy.Our team was ahead by six points.30. ahead of: in front of 在…前面Eg: You have a long trip ahead of you.Let Tom walk ahead of you — he knows this place well31. handle : vt. deal with; manage; control 理处，应付；管理；操纵，控制Eg: John handled the problem well.If you can' t handle the job,I' ll get someone else to do it32. dependent : a. (on, upon) needing support from sb. or sth. 依靠的；依赖的Eg: Jane’s mother was dependent on her for everyday care.You can' t be dependent on your parents all your lifeUnit 2I study of the text1. Who was Louis Braille?2. Why is January 4 named Braille Day?3. How many people were there in Louis’s family?4. How did Louis become blind?5. As a blind child, did Louis give up his school education? How could he keepup with studies in school?6. What did Louis’s parents decide to do when he was nine years old?7. What were the books for the blind like in the school in Paris?8. What was the alphabet code used by army soldiers made up of?9. Why was the code no good for the blind?10. How long did it take Louis to develop his Braille system?11. How does the Braille system work?II study of words&grammar1. blind: a. unable to see 瞎的，盲的Eg: Mary’s been blind since birth.Love is blind.2. desire : n. longing; strong wish 渴望；愿望Eg: A strong desire is an essential requirement for success.You can tell him of your desire to go on the trip with him3. lead to: have (sth.) as its result 导致Eg: The high fever led to her blindness.Confidence and hard work will lead to success4. honor :1). n.great (public) respect, good opinion,etc.shown to sb.; good character orreputation 崇敬；敬意；荣誉；名誉Eg: Bill’s brave actions earned him great honor.We hold him in great honor.2). vt. show great respect or honor to 向…表示敬意；给…以荣誉Eg: The Bible says that you should honor your father and mother.September 10 is Teacher’s Day in China. That day honors teachers. 3) in honor of (used at the end of the text): out of respect for 出于对…的敬意Eg: This holiday is celebrated in honor of the old.The school decided to build a new library in honor of its former headmaster 5. 说某事发生在特定的某一天，用介词on来表示。
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程1单元
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Time Contents
Plan
3 periods
Text A & textrelated exercises
1) Starter
After a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher asks each student to recount an unforgettable thing that his or her parents did to him or her, and what he or she will do on Mother’s Day; (half a period)ter studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to
1. grasp the language for expressing gratitude; 2. understand the main ideas of Texts A and B, and master
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Time Contents
1 period Practical Writing
Plan
2) Practical Writing
The teacher tells the students how to fill in an English application form by explaining Ex.11 of Practical Writing, and then the students should complete the form in Ex.12 and do Ex.13 with the help of the teacher in class.
21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册第1单元)
Paragraph 4
Supporting Details
Misunderstandings among English -speaking people are common, but they occur _______________ more frequently among non-native English __________________________ speakers . ________
Common continent embarrass flight immediately misunderstanding passenger search serious similar traffic wonder 1. About seventy of the train’s 500 __________ passengers were injured in the accident. 2. When mother saw my face, she knew __________ immediately that something was wrong. _____ , but they are opposite in meaning. 3. These two Chinese words look quite similar wonder what she looks like now. 4. I haven’t seen Mary in years. I ______ 5. Asia is the largest ________ continent in both size and population. 6. On streets and highways, a red _____ traffic light tells drivers to stop and a green light tells them to go.
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音节
一、音节：音节是读音的基本单位， 任何单词的读音，都是分解为一个个 音节朗读。在英语中元音特别响亮， 一个元音可构成一个音节，一个元音 或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个 音节。一般说来，元音可以构成音节， 辅音不响亮，不ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ构成音节。 E.g bed professor
划分音节的方法
元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界 线 两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一 个音节。 如：bed 床，bet 打赌，seat 坐位，beat 毒打， beauty 美 两元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时，辅音字 母归后一音节，“一归后” 例如： pa.per ba.by me.ter de.ci.sion stu‘dent 学生， la’bour 劳动 有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音 节，一个归后一音节，“二分手”。 如： let'ter 信，win'ter 冬天。
音节的分类
音节：重读音节和非重读音节 重读音节：开音节（绝对开音节和相 对开音节）、闭音节、r音节、re音节 绝对开音节=以元音字母结尾的 相对开音节=元音字母+辅音字母+不发 音的e 闭音节=元音字母+辅音字母结尾（r/w） 除外 re音节=元音字母+re
元音字母的读音
元音字 绝对开音 相对开音 闭音节 r音节
/
u
you/ju:/ cute/kju:t/ cut/ kʌt/ fur/ fɜ:/ cure
元音字母的发音规律
在开音节词中元音字母读名称音，即： a/eɪ/ e/i:/ i /aɪ/ o/əʊ/ u/U:/ 在闭音节词中元音字母读短音，即： a/æ / e/e/ i/ɪ/ o/ɒ/ u/ ʌ//ʊ/ 在-r音节中元音字母的发音规律是： ar/ɑ:/ er,ir,ur/ ɜ:/ or/ɔ:/ 掌握了以上读音规则，学生对符合读音规则 的单音节词一见到就会读，一听到就能写， 单词的识记能力就会有很大的提高。
母
节
节
re音节
a
a/ei/
cake/keik cap/kæp/ far/fa:/ care
/
e
he/hi:/ these/i:z/ bed/bed/ her/ hɜ:/ here
i
hi/hai/ five/faiv/ it/it/
first/ fɜ:st fire
/
o
no/nəʊ / note/nəʊt not/nɒt/ for/fɔ:/ more