初中英语句子成分分析和个基本句型(PPT)
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英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解
本节课内容
1.句子成分 2.每个成分的构成 3.句子结构的6个基本句型 4.exercises
本节课内容
句子主干：主语+谓语+宾语 我吃了苹果。 I ate an apple. 句子枝叶：定语，状语， 补语 我昨晚快速地吃了一个很大很红的苹果。 I ate a big red apple quickly last night.
主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east.（名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. （动名词）
主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
主补：对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
定语：修饰或限百度文库名词或代词的词、词 组或句子。
Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
The question is whether they will
come.
（表语从句）
（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起 来）, taste（尝、吃起来）
3.The meat went bad because of the hot weather. 4.He studies hard to learn English well.
To see is to believe. （不定式）
What he needs is a book. （主语从句）
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态 和特征。
Give the poor man some money.
宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. （名词） We will make them happy. （形容词）
We found nobody in. ( 副词 ) Please make yourself at home. 介词短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）
We study English.
He likes dancing.
He is asleep.
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词）
Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）
Five and five is ten. （数词）
We belong to the third world. （数词）
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组 或句子。
The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）
状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示 时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、 条件、方式和让步。
1.I will go there tomorrow.
2.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.
I hope to see you again. （不定式）
2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）
He gave me a book yesterday.
It sounds a good idea.
Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. Now I feel tired.
宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾
I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） I enjoy working with you. （动名词）
He is asleep.
（形容词）
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
His father is in. （副词）
The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）
The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）
The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词 组或句子。
I have an idea to do it well.（不定式）
本节课内容
1.句子成分 2.每个成分的构成 3.句子结构的6个基本句型 4.exercises
本节课内容
句子主干：主语+谓语+宾语 我吃了苹果。 I ate an apple. 句子枝叶：定语，状语， 补语 我昨晚快速地吃了一个很大很红的苹果。 I ate a big red apple quickly last night.
主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east.（名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. （动名词）
主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
主补：对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
定语：修饰或限百度文库名词或代词的词、词 组或句子。
Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） He is our friend. （代词）
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
The question is whether they will
come.
（表语从句）
（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起 来）, taste（尝、吃起来）
3.The meat went bad because of the hot weather. 4.He studies hard to learn English well.
To see is to believe. （不定式）
What he needs is a book. （主语从句）
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态 和特征。
Give the poor man some money.
宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. （名词） We will make them happy. （形容词）
We found nobody in. ( 副词 ) Please make yourself at home. 介词短语） Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）
We study English.
He likes dancing.
He is asleep.
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词）
Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）
Five and five is ten. （数词）
We belong to the third world. （数词）
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组 或句子。
The man over there is my old friend.(副词)
The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）
状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示 时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、 条件、方式和让步。
1.I will go there tomorrow.
2.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.
I hope to see you again. （不定式）
2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾
Are you afraid of the snake?
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3） 双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）
He gave me a book yesterday.
It sounds a good idea.
Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. Now I feel tired.
宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾
I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） I enjoy working with you. （动名词）
He is asleep.
（形容词）
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分， 表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
His father is in. （副词）
The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）
The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）
The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词 组或句子。
I have an idea to do it well.（不定式）