英国文学复习题
英国文学期末复习题目
I. Each of the following below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bet complete the statement.1. The long poem ______ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic.A. The Canterbury TalesB. Paradise LostC. The Song of BeowulfD. The Fairy Queen2. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ______.A. RomanticismB. RenaissanceC. medieval periodD. Anglo-Saxon period3. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of____.A. Piers PlowmanB. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. Confessio AmantisD. The Canterbury Tales4. _______ is regarded as the father of English poetry.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Edmund SpenserC. John MiltonD. W. Wordsworth5. It is _____ alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Martin LutherC. William ShakespeareD. John Gower6. One of Chaucer’s main contributions to English poetry is ______.A. he introduced the rhymed stanzas from France to English poetryB. he created striking brilliant panorama of his time and his countryC. he wrote in blank verseD. he was the first to write sonnet7. During the Renaissance, _______ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry.A. ChaucerB. John DonneC. Thomas WyattD. Earl of Surrey8. During the Renaissance, _______ wrote the first English blank verse.A. ChaucerB. Edmund SpencerC. Thomas WyattD. Earl of Surrey9. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement？A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman cultureB. The new discoveries in geography and astrologyC. The Glorious revolutionD. The religious reformation and the economic expansion10. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. Which one of the following is NOT such an event?A. The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.B. England’s domestic restC. New discovery in geography and astrology.D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.11. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries.A. 14th...mid-17thB. 14th...mid-18thC. 16th...mid-18thD. 16th...mid-17th12. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is_______.A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism13. _______ frequently applied conceits in his poems.A. Edmund SpenserB. John DonneC. William BlakeD. Thomas Gray14. _______ is known as “the poet’s poet”.A. William ShakespeareB. Christopher MarloweC. Edmund SpenserD. John Donne15. Romance，which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of____ adventures or other heroic deeds，is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. ChristianB. knightlyC. pilgrimsD. primitive16. ________ and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanism.A. Edmund Spenser, Christopher MarloweB. Thomas More, Christopher MarloweC. John Donne, Edmund SpenserD. John Milton, Thomas More17. Among the following plays which is not written by Christopher Marlowe?A. Dr. FaustusB. The Jew of MaltaC. TamburlaineD. The School for Scandal18. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are _______.A. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and MacbethB. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Romeo and JulietC. Hamlet, Coriolanus, King Lear and MacbethD. Hamlet, Julius caesar, Othel lo and Macbeth19. The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the line of one of Shakespeare’s ________.A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnets20. “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” (Shakespeare, Sonnets 18) What does “this” refer to?A. LoverB. TimeC. SummerD. Poetry21. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18？A. The speaker eulogizes the power of NatureB. The speaker satirizes human vanityC. The speaker praises the power of artistic creationD. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation22. “Bassani Antonio，I am married to a wife Which is as dear to me as life itself；But life itself，my wife，and all the world，Are not with me esteem’d above thy life；I would lose all，ay，sacrifice them all，Here to the devil，to deliver you. Portia：Your wife would give you little thanks for that，ff she were by to hear you make the offer.” The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare’s comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrateA. dramatic ironyB. personificationC. allegoryD. symbolism23. “The Fairy Queen” is the masterpiece written by____.A. John MiltonB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. Edmund SpenserD. Alexander Pope24. Which of the following work did Bacon NOT write?A. Advancement of LearningB. Novum OrganumC. De AugmentisD. Areopagitica25. The greatest of pioneers of English drama in Renaissance is _______, one of whose drama is “Doctor Faustus”.A. William ShakespeareB. Christopher MarloweC. Oscar WildeD. R. Brinsley Sheridan26. “Euphues” was written by ________, the style of the novel was called “Euphuism”.A. John BunyanB. John LylyC. John DonneD. John Milton27. The most famous dramatist in the 18th century is ______, who is famous for “The School for Scandal”.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. Thomas GrayC. R. Brinsley SheridanD. G.eorge Bernard Shaw28. The most distinguished literary figure of the 17th century was ______, who was a critic, poet, and playwright.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. John DrydenC. John MiltonD. T. G. Coleridge29. The representative of the “Metaphysical” poetry is ______, whose poems are famous for his use of fantastic metaphors and extravagant hyperboles.A. John DonneB. John MiltonC. William BlakeD. Robert Burns30. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry?A. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet31. _____ is the successful religious allegory in the English language.A. The Pilgrim’s ProgressB. The Canterbury TalesC. Paradise LostD. Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded32. The 18th century England is known as the ______ in the history.A. RenaissanceB. ClassicismC. EnlightenmentD. Romanticism33. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, who was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specially a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its s tructure and style?A. Thomas GrayB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. Johathan SwiftD. Henry Fielding34. Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as “_______________”, for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.A. Best writer of the English novelB. The father of English novelC. The most gifted writer of the English novelD. conventional writer of English novel35. Among the pioneers of the 18th century novelists were Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry fielding and _______.A. Laurence SterneB. John DrydenC. Charles DickensD. Alexander Pope36. John Milton’s masterpiece—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of _____.A. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnets37. Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out____，both in theory and practice，to write specifically a “ ______ in prose,” the first to giv e the modern novel its structure and style. (Refer to 19)A. tragic epicB. comic epicC. romanceD. lyric epic38. Besides Sheridan, another great playwright in the 18th century is ______.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. Thomas GrayC. T. G. SmolletD. Laurence Sterne39. She Stoops to Conquer was written by _____.A. Oliver GoldsmithB. R. Brinsley SheridanC. John DrydenD. George Bernard Shaw40. The middle of the 18th century was predominated by a newly rising literary form, that is the modern English ______, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.A. proseB. short storyC. novelD. tragicomedy41. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are _____.A. horses that are endowed with reasonB. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC. giants that are superior in wisdomD. hairy，wild，low and despicable creatures，who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways42. The unquenchable spirit of Robinson Crusoe struggling to maintain a substantial existence ona lonely island reflects ____.A. man’s desire to return to natureB. the author’s criticism of the colonizationC. the ideal of the rising bourgeoisieD. the aristocrats’ disillusionment of the harsh social reality43. Gothic novels are mostly stories of_____, which take place in some haunted or dilapidated Middle Age castles.A. love and marriageB. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs44. “The father of English novel” is __________.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. Jonathan SwiftD. John Donne45. The greatest Scottish poet in the pre-romanticism is ________.A. William WordsworthB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Thomas GrayD. Robert Burns46. _______ is written by William Blake, a great poet in the pre-romanticism.A. The Songs of InnocenceB. Reliques of Ancient English poetryC. Songs and SonnetsD. Kubla Khan47. The Rights of Man, a pamphlet, was written by ______, in which he advocated that politics was the business of the whole mass of common people and not only of a government oligarchy.A. John MiltonB. Jonathan SwiftC. Robert BurnsD. Thomas Paine48. William Wordsworth，a romantic poet，advocated all the following EXCEPT ___.A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common peopleB. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelingsC. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matterD. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech49. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ “Ode on a Grecian Urn”？A. “I fall upon the tho rns of life！I bleed！”B. “They are both gone up to the church to pray.”C. “Earth has not anything to show more fair.”D. “Beauty is truth，truth beauty.”50. “If Winter comes，can Spring be far behind.” is an epigrammatic line by___.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. P. B. Shelley51. “Ode on a Grecian Urn” shows the contrast between the______ of art and the____ of human passion.A. glory，uglinessB. permanence, transienceC. transience，sordidnessD. glory，permanence52. One of the great essay writers of the early 19th century is ______.A. Jane AustenB. Charles LambC. Walter ScottD. George Eliot53. Tales form Shakespeare was written by _____.A. Charles LambB. William HazlittC. Charles Lamb and Mary LambD. Wordsworth and Coleridge54. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of _______ and pathos.A. humorB. satireC. passionD. metaphor55. In Chapter III of Oliver Twist, Oliver is punished for that “impious and profane offence of asking for more”. What did Oliver ask for more?A. More time to playB. More food to eatC. More books to readD. More money to spend56. In ____ ’s hands, “dramatic monologue” reaches its maturity and perfection.A. Alfred TennysonB. Robert BrowningC. William ShakespeareD. George Eliot57. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing society, but also due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess58. The three trilogies of _____ ’s Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.A. John GalswortryB. Arnold BennettC. James JoyceD. H. G. Wells59. The Victorian Age was largely an age of________ eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. prose60. The title of Alfred Tennyson’s poem “Ulysses” reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT_________.A. the Trojan WarB. Homer’s OdysseyC. adventures over the seaD. religious quest61. The work ____ written by Alfred Tennyson was about the question of higher education of women.A. Crossing the BarB. The PrincessC. Break, Break, BreakD. Ulysses62. The bard of imperialism was ____, who glorified the colonial expansion of Great Britain in his works.A. R. L. StevensonB. Rudyard KiplingC. H. G. WellsD. Daniel Defoe63. The Dynasts was a gigantic epic drama written by ______.A. George Bernard ShawB. Thomas HardyC. Oscar WildeD. John Galsworthy64. The major concern of____ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his character sand in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.A. D. H. Lawrence’sB. J. Galsworthy’sC. W. Thackeray’sD. T. Hardy’s65. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of_______, who never pays any attention to human feelings.A. propertyB. justiceC. moralityD. humor66. _____is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare，and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. George Bernard Shaw67. “Art for art’s sake” was put forth by ______.A. aestheticismB. naturalismC. realismD. neo-romanticism68. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT________.A. DublinersB. Jude the ObscureC. A portrait of the Artist as a Young ManD. UlyssesII. Fill in the blanks with correct information1. Angles, ___, and ___ were the Teutonic tribes came from the northern continent.3. The long poem _________ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic.4. Grendel, a monster half-human, appeared in the story of ______.6. The literature of the Anglo-Saxon Period falls into two kinds—___ and ___.7. The 3182-line The Song of Beowulf can be divided into two parts with a(n) _____ between the two and the whole song is essentially ___ in spirit and matter.8. The songs and poems in the Anglo-Saxon period were written in the style of ______ as could be seen from The Song of Beowulf.10. The greatest influence made by the Normans in England is on ___ and ____.11. The most popular literary form in the Anglo-Norman period was _____, in which the central character was _____.12. Sir Gawain and Green Knight employs the form of ____________.13. The story of Sir Gawain and Green Knight is the culmination of the ___________.15. Apart from original poems, Chaucer translated various works of French authors; among them is the famous _______________ and The House of Fame.16. The one who propose the story-telling in The Canterbury Tales is the _____________.17. Geoffrey Chaucer is considered the “________” and is one of the greatest narrative poets of England.18. “The father of English poetry” is ______.20. The pilgrims described in The Canterbury Tales met at _____ in Southwark, a suburb of London.22. Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is written in the style of ______ instead of alliteration in the Anglo-Saxon period.23. A ballad is written in _________stanzas with the second and fourth lines rhymes.24. Most of English ballads were collected in the 18th century and one of the famous ballads is ___.26. The Canterbury Tales opens with a _________ where are told of a group of vivid sketches ofa company of pilgrims that gathered at _________ in Southwark, a suburb of London.29. One of the striking features of Renaissance is the keen interest in the life and activities of human. So the arose _____— which was the keynote of the Renaissance.31. The story of Utopia was written by in two books, in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s sufferings in the first book and put forward his ideal future happy society—_____ in the second book.32. The one who first made blank verse the principal instrument of English drama is _________33. The greatest of the pioneers of English drama is _______.34. The difference of Earl of Surrey’s contribution to English poetry from that of Thomas Wyatt lies in that Surrey wrote the first English _________ while Thomas Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.35. English Renaissance period was an age of _________and _________.38. The title “poet’s poet” is given to Edmund Spencer.39. _________ wrote The Faerie Queene.41. The greatest epic poem of the 16th century was _____ written by ______.45. William Shakespeare is a poet, playwright and an actor.49. The Renaissance, which began in the _________century in Italy, was a great cultural and ideological movement that swept the whole of Europe. All in all, the chief characteristic of the Renaissance literature is the expression of secular values with men instead of God as the center of the universe.50. Francis Bacon was praised by Marx as “the progenitor of English Materialism”.51. William Shakespeare produced _________ plays, two _____, and 154 sonnets.52. Sonnet is a poem of 14 lines Iambic pentameter. It mainly has two types and the Shakespearean has three quatrains plus _________—often rhymed as _________.53 Shakespeare’s main tragedies were written during the second period of gloom and depression which dated from 1601 to 1608. His main tragedies are: “_________”, “_________”, “_________”, and “_________”. All of these plays show the struggle and conflicts between good and evil of the time, between justice and injustice.55. John Milton wrote his masterpieces _________, _________, and _________ after blindness.56. Paradise Lost presents the author’s views in the form of _____ and _____ and the poetic style of ____ and presents the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for _____.57. In Paradise Lost, _________ tempts Eve to eat an apple from the forbidden tree.60. _________ is a character in Paradise Lost with a strong desire for freedom.61. _________Poetry is characterized by fantastic metaphors and extravagant hyperboles.62. “Conceit” is a term applied in particular to the _________.65. The Pilgrims Progress is the masterpiece of _____, written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of ____ and ____, in which the main character is ____.66. The Revolution period produced one of the most important poets in English literature, whose name is _________and an important prose wrier, _________.68. In The Pilgrims Progress, Christian makes his way to the Holy city with two objects: ____ and ___.72. John Dryden, critic, poet, and playwright, was the most distinguished literary figure in the Restoration.73. The Enlightenment was a progressive _________ movement, which first began in France and had a wide impact throughout Europe in the 18th century.74. People in the 18th century believed in reason.76. Jonathan Swift wrote the famous story _________ and the famous pamphlet “A Modest Proposal” on Ireland in the style of satire.86. Daniel Defoe’s famous navel was ________.87. The main literary stream of the 18th century was _________.92. In the last adventure, Gulliver came to a country where horses were possessed of reason while Yahoos were brute beasts.88. _________was considered as the “father of English novel”.89. _________ found its representative writers in the field of poetry, such as Thomas Gray, but it manifested itself chiefly in the novels of Laurence Sterne and Oliver Goldsmith.90. The appearance and development of sentimentalism marked the midway in the transition from classicism to its opposite, _________.95. Among his other contributions to the theory and practice of prosody, _____ made popular the so-called heroic couplets.97. Thomas Gray wrote the famous poem _________, which was considered “the best known poem in the English language”.100. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of Pre-romanticism were William Blake and _________.103. “The poet of the peasants” is a title given to the great est Scottish poet _________.105. Robert Burns is famous for his poetry written in _________ dialect.111. The watchwords of the French Revolution are _________, ______, and________.112. The English Romanticism began with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads which was written in collaboration by _________and _________.113. Romanticism extended from 1798 when _________was published and in 1832 when _________ died.116. “The Lake Poets” include Wordsworth, _________ , Southey.120. In the revised version of _________, Wordsworth held that poetry is the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”.10. William Makepeace Thackeray was another important writer in the 19th century, whose novels mainly contained a satirical portrayal of _______.14. In the novel _________, Dr. Manette is a typical bourgeois intellectual. He sympathizes with the poor and defends the oppressed people, but feels terrified before the fire of revolution.15. The two cities in A Tale of Two Cities written by _________ are London and Paris.18. The main female character in Vanity Fair written by ______ is Rebecca Sharp.19. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was borrowed by ____ from The Pilgrims Progress written by ____.20. The subtitle of Vanity Fair is _______.27. Both Jane Eyre by _____ and Wuthering Heights _____ brought to the novel an introspection and an intense concentration on the inner life of emotion.28. Wuthering Heights deals with a story of love and violence.38. Robert Browning’s style was highly individual and often more intent on meaning than on form.44. The end of the 19th century is a period of struggle between realistic trend and anti-realistic trend in art and literature (, the latter reflected the crisis of bourgeois culture at the period of imperialism).49. The important writer who started as a poet and ended as a poet is _________51. _________believes that man’s fate is predeterminedly tragic, driven by a combined force of “nature”, both inside and outside.52. The writer who figured his hometown—the Wessex country in his works is _____.55. “A Pure Woman(Faithfully Presented)” is the subtitle of the novel ______.III. Give answers to the following questions.1. How do you understand “To be, or not to be”? Give your evidence to support your ideas.2. Why did Hamlet delay in revenging for his father’s death? Give evidence to support your idea.3. What are Chaucer’s contributions to English literature?4. Analyze Shakespeare’s contributions to English literature.5. What is the theme o f “Paradise Lost”?6. What is the image of Satan in Paradise Lost?7. What are the characteristics of metaphysical poetry?8. Give an analysis of the significance of Preface to Lyrical Ballads?9. What does “She” (referring to Lucy) in “She Dwelt Among the Untroden Ways” imply?10. What does “West Wind” mean in Shelley’s Ode to the West Wind?11. Give an analysis of Keats and his works.12. What are Austen’s writing features Jane Austen?13. Why does William Makepeace Thackeray give one of his novels the title Vanity Fair and the subtitle “Novel without a Hero”? Why does William Makepeace Thackeray give one of his novels the title Vanity Fair and the subtitle “ Novel without a Hero”?14. What is your opinion on the character Rebecca Sharp?15. What does the subtitle “A Pure Woman” of the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles mean?16. Give a brief analysis of the character—Tess.17. What are the major contributions made by the 19th century critical realists?18. What is Paul’s relation with three women in Sons and Lovers?。
2017自学考试《英国文学选读》复习题及答案
2017自学考试《英国文学选读》复习题及答案2017自学考试《英国文学选读》复习题及答案聪明在于勤奋，天才在于积累。
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Choose the best answer for each blank.1. ________, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London about 1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden2. Chaucer died on the 25th October 1400, and was buried in ________.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey3. The progress in industry at home stimulated the commercial expansion abroad. ________ encouraged exploration and travel, which were compatible with the interest of the English merchants.A. Henry VB. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. Queen Elizabeth4. Except being a victory of England over ________, the rout of the fleet “Armada” (Invincible) was also the triumph of the rising young bourgeoisie over the declining old feudalism.A. SpainB. FranceC. AmericaD. Norway5. At the beginning of the 16th century the outstanding humanist ________ wrote his Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s suffering and put forwardhis ideal of a future happy society.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas MarloweC. Francis BaconD. William Shakespear6. Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen ________.A. MaryB. ElizabethC. WilliamD. Victoria7. English Renaissance Period was an age of ________.A. prose and novelB. poetry and dramaC. essays and journalsD. ballads and songs8. From the following, choose the one which is not Francis Bacon’s work: ________.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The New InstrumentC. EssaysD. The New AtlanticsE. Venus and Adonis9. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” This is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ________.A. songsB. playsC. comediesD. sonnets10. The heroines of Shakespeare’s great comedies, ________ are the daughters of the Renaissance, whose images and stories will remain a legacy to readers and audiences of all time.A. PortiaB. RoselandC. ViolaD. Beatrice11. Choose the four great tragedies of Shakespeare from the following ________.A. HamletB. OthelloC. MacbethD. King LearE. Timon of Athens12. Which play is not a comedy? ________A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. Twelfth NightD. Romeo and JulietE. As You Like It13. “Denmark is a prison”. In which play does the hero summarise his observation of his world into such a bitter sentence? ________A. Charles IB. OthelloC. Henry VIIID. Hamlet14. The works of ________ and the Authorised Version of the English Bible are the two great treasuries of the English language.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Edmund SpenserC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Johnson15. In which play does the hero show his profound reverence for man through the sentence: “What a piece of wok is a man! How nobel in reason! How finite in faculty!” ________A. Romeo and JulietB. HamletC. OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice16. In 1649, ________ was beheaded. England became a commonwealth.A. James IB. James IIC. Charles ID. Charles II17. The revolution of 1688 meant three of the following things: ________.A. the supremacy of ParliamentB. the beginning of modern EnglandC. the triumph of the principal libertyD. the triumph of the principle of political libertyE. the Restoration of monarchy18. Who of the following were the important metaphysical poets? ________C. John MiltonD. Richard Lovelace19. Which work was NOT written by John Milton? ________A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Volpone20. Paradise Lost is ________.A. John Milton’s masterpieceB. a great epic in 12 booksC. written in blank verseD. about the heroic revol t of Satan against God’s authority21. John Milton is ________.A. a great revolutionary poet of the 17th centuryB. an outstanding political pamphleteerC. a great stylistD. a great master of blank verse22. From the Old Testament, John Milton took his stories of Paradise Lost, i.e. ________.A. the creationB. the rebellion in Heaven of Satan and his fellow-angelsC. their defeat and expulsion from HeavenD. the creation of the death and of adam and EveE. the fallen angels in hell plotting against GodF. Satan’s temptation of EveG. the departure of Adam and Eve from Eden23. The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of hell, and ________ is often regarded as the real hero of the poem.A. GodB. SatanC. AdamD. Eve24. Who is the greatest of the Metaphysical school of poetry? ________C. Andrew MarvellD. Henry Vaugham25. ________ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A. The RenaissanceB. The EnlightenmentC. The Religious ReformationD. The Chartist Movement26. The main literary stream of the 18th century was ________. What the writers described in their works were mainly social realities.A. naturalismB. romanticismC. classicismD. realismE. sentimentalism27. The eighteenth century was the golden age of the English ________. The novel of this period spoke the truth about life with an uncompromising courage.A. dramaB. poetryC. essayD. novel28. In 1704, Jonathan Swift published two works together, ________ and ________, which made him well-known as a satirist.A. A Tale of a TubB. Bickerstaff AlmanacC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. A Modest Proposal29. “Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style.” This sentence is said by ________, one of the greatest masters of English prose.A. Alexander PopeB. Henry FieldingC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift30. As a journalist, ________ had learned how to make his reporting vivid and credible by a skillful use of circumstantial detail. This power to make his characters alive and his stories credible is an inimitable gift.A. Joseph AddisonB. Daniel DefoeC. Samuel RicharsonD. Tobias Smollett31. Which of the following are NOT written by William Blake? ________A. Poetical SketchesB. Songs of InnocenceC. Songs of ExperienceD. Auld Lang SyneE. The Marriage of Heaven and HellF. ProphecisG. Visions of the Daughters of Albion and America, a Prophecy32. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of pre-romanticism were ________.A. William WordsworthB. William BlakeC. Robert BurnsD. Jonathan Swift33. The Romantic Age begab with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads which was written by ________.A. William WordsworthB. Samuel JohnsonC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Wordsworth and Coleridge34. The Romantic Age came to an end with the death of the last well-known romantic writer ________.A. Jane AustenB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth35. The glory of the Romantic Age lies in the poetry of ________.A. William WordsworthB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. George Gordon ByronD. Percy Bysshe ShelleyE. John Keats。
英国文学简史复习资料
A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE1. the Angles, Saxons and Jutes were three tribes from Northern Europe.2.English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon settlement in England. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people.3.Features of Beowulf 贝奥武普: the most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration头韵.（definition）In alliterative verse, certain accented words in a line begin with the same consonant sound. Other features of Beowulf are the use of metaphors and of understatements.4. The French-speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066.(the Norman Conquest)5. The Romance 罗曼司---the most prevailing kind of literature in feudal England. It was a long composition, sometimes in prose, describing the life and a adventures of a noble hero.Adventures of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table6. The Class Nature of the RomanceThe theme of loyalty to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romance , as loyalty was the corner-stone of feudal morality, without which the whole structure of feudalism would collapse.They were composed for the noble, of the noble, and in most cases by the poets patronized by the noble.7.the Ballads 民谣The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad. A ballad is a story told in song; usually in 4-line, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.8. The Robin Hood Ballad --- the various ballads of Robin Hood are gathered into a collection called The Geste of Robin Hood.绿林好汉罗宾汉的故事9. The founder of English poetry is Geoffrey Chaucer. 乔叟The Canterbury Tales ---(1) a collection of 24 stories (2)close links---stories are closely connected to each other (3)stories into groups on different subjects -- story-tellers, from ranks, professions, religions (4)variation in form三大著名教堂：Westminster Cathedral 西敏寺大教堂Saint Pail’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂Canterbury Cathedral 坎特布雷大教堂10.The Renaissance and HumanismThe rise of the bourgeoisie soon showed its influence in the sphere of cultural life. The result is an intellectual movement known as the Renaissance, or, the rebirth of letters. It spang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two features are striking of this movement. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Old manuscripts were dug out. There arose a current for the study of Greek and Latin authors. While people learned to admire the Greek and Latin works as models of literary form, they caught something in spirit very different from the medieval Catholic dogma. So the love of classics was but an expression of the generation dissatisfaction at the Catholic and feudal ideas.Another feature of the Renaissance is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.Humanism reflected the new outlook of the rising bourgeois class. According to the humanists, both man and world are hindered onlyby external checks from infinite improvement. Man could mould the world according to his desires, and attain happiness by removing all external checks by the exercise of reason.11.Edmund Spenser 斯宾塞The poet’s poet of the period was Edmund Spenser.The Faerie Queene : nationalism, humanism , puritanismThe Faerie Queene (definition)i s written in a special verse form that consists of eight iambic pentameter lines followed by a ninth line of six iambic feet(an alexandrine), with the rhyme scheme ababbcbcc. This form has since been called the Spenserian Stanza.12.Drama 戏剧: the Miracle Play 奇迹剧, The Morality Play 道德剧, The Interlude 幕间剧, The Classical Drama 古典剧12.Marlowe（马洛）’s best includes three of his plays, Tamburlaine 帖木耳(1587), The Jes of Malta马耳他的犹太人(1592), and Doctor Faustus浮士德博士(1588).13.Social significance of Marlowe’s Plays:These plays show, in various ways, the spirit of the rising bourgeoisie , its eager curiosity for knowledge, its towering pride, its insatiable, appetite for power whether that be won by military might, knowledge, or gold.In Tamburlaine, it is ambition; in Doctor Faustus, desire for knowledge; in The Jew of Malta, greed for wealth. They were typical images of the era of the primitive accumulation of capital.14.William Shakespeare莎士比亚was born on April 23, 1564, died on April 23, the anniversary of his birth, in 1616.A Chronological List of Shakespeare’s Plays: 四大悲剧Hamlet 哈姆雷特,Macbeth麦克白,Othello 奥赛罗,King Lear 李尔王.The reasons of the Melancholy（忧郁）of Hamlet: (1)he seems to understand that his mere revenge upon his uncle would in no way solve the problems that trouble and upset him.(2)he does not want to include the Britain into the chaos.(3)the crisis of humanism---the root of the murder is the political system.ton米尔顿--Paradise Lost 失乐园，Samson Agonistes 力士参孙16.Bunyan 班扬---the Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程17.Metaphysical玄学派PoetsThe works of the Metaphysical Poets are characterized, generally speaking, by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form.John DonneAnother school of poetry prevailing in the period was that of Cavalier Poets.18.The Enlightenment 启蒙运动in Europe:The 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement in Europe, known as the Enlightenment, which was, on the whole, an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place al branches of science at the service of mankind by by connecting them with the actual needs and requirements of people.Steele and The Tatler闲话者Addison and The Spectator观察家To sum up Steele’s and Addison’s contribution to the English literature:1. Their writings afford a new code of social morality for the rising bourgeoisie/2. They give a true picture of the social life of England in the 18th century.3. In the hands of Addison and Steele, the English essay had completely established itself as a literary genre. Using it as a form of character sketching and story -telling, they ushered in the dawn of modern English novel.19.Jonathan Swift 乔纳森斯威夫特---Gulliver’s Travels 格列佛游记Pamphlets on Ireland 关于爱尔兰问题的小册子--A Modest Proposal 一个温柔的建议20.Richardson--he was noted as a storyteller, letter writer and moralizer.Pamela:Pamela was a new thing in three ways,firstly,it discarded the “improbable and marvelous”accomplishments of the former heroic romances, and pictured the life and love of ordinary people. Secondly,its intention was to afford not merely entertainment but also moral instruction. Thirdly, it described not only the sayings and doings of the characters but also their secret thoughts and feelings.22. Fielding 菲尔丁---Joseph Andrews(a parody 戏仿to Pamela)23.（约翰逊）Johnson’s Dictionary:(1)it marked an epoch in the study of the English language.(2)also marked the end of English writers’reliance on the patronage of noblemen for support.24.Sentimentalism感伤主义: it came into being as the result of a bitter discontent among the enlightened people with social reality. The representatives of Sentimentalism continued to struggle against feudalism, but they sensed st the same time the contradictions in the process of capitalist development. Dissatisfied with reason, which classicists appealed to, sentimentalists appealed to sentiment, “to the huamn heart.”25.Blake 布莱克----Songs of Innocence contains poems which were apparently written for children, using a language which even little babies can learn by heart, and in Songs of Experience, a much maturer work,entirely different themes are to be found, for in this collection of poems the poet drew pictures of neediness and distress and showed the sufferings of the miserable.The contrast between Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience is of great significance. It marks a progress in the poet’s outlook on life.26.Burns 彭斯peasant poet 农民诗人（前浪漫主义诗人）27.Romanticism 浪漫主义prevailed in England during the period 1798-1832. Generally speaking, the romanticists expressed the ideology and sentiment of those classes and social strata who were discontent with, and opposed to, the development of capitalism. But owing to difference in social and political attitudes, they split into two schools. Some romantic writers reflected the thinking of classes ruined by the bourgeoisie, and by way of protest against capitalist development turned to the feudal past, i.e. The “”merry Old England,”as their ideal, or “frightened by the coming of industrialism and the nightmare towns of industry, they were turning to nature of protection.”These were the elder generation of romanticists, sometimes called escapist romanticists, including Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey, who have also benne called the Lake Poets because they had lived in the Lake District in the northwest of England and shared acommunity of literary and social outlook in their work. Other expressed the aspirations of the classes created by capitalism and held out an ideal, though a vague one, of a future society free from oppression and exploitation. These were the younger generation of romanticists and sometimes called active romanticists represented by Byron, Shelley and Keats.So the general feature if the works of the romanticists is a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society, which finds expression in a revolt against or an escape from the prosaic, sordid daily life, the “prison of the actual”under capitalism. Their writings are filled with strong-willed heroes, formidable events, tragic situations, powerful conflicting passions, and exotic pictures. Sometimes they resort to symbolic methods. With the active romanticists, symbolic pictures represent a vague idea of some future society, while with the escapist romanticists, these often take on a mystic color. In contrast to the rationalism of the enlighteners and classicists in the 18th century, the romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man. Nature, often personified, also plays an important role in their works. The passions of man and the beauties of nature appealed strongly to the imagination of the Romantic writer, and the glory of the lakes and mountains, the little joys or sorrows of children, the weal and woe of ordinary, uncultured peasants, the wonder of the fairy world, and the splendor of the Greek art all because the fountain-heads of the writer’s inspiration. Poetry, of course, is the best medium to express all these sentiments. In fact, all the romanticists mentioned above were poets. The Romantic Period was one of poetical revival.28.Wordsworth: in 1798 Wordsworth and Coleridge jointly published the Lyrical Ballads. The publication marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century, i.e. With classicism, and the beginning of the Romantic revival in England. “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling.”His “Lucy” poems are a series of short pathetic lyrics on the theme of harmony between humanity and nature.29.Shelley 雪莱: Queen Mab 麦布女王The Revolt of Islam 伊斯兰暴动Prometheus Unbound 解放了的普罗米修斯30.Keats济慈: ode 颂Ode to Autumn, Ode on Melancholy, Ode on a Grecian Urn 古瓮颂, Ode to a Nightingale 夜莺颂An Analysis of Jane EyreThe novel is rich in poetry, symbolism and metaphor. It does not fit easily into a definite pattern, being neither a novel of "manners" in the tradition of Austen, or a straightforward Gothic Romance in the style of Mrs Radcliffe. What Charlotte Bronte did was to create a work which cleverly blends elements of the two styles, and which remains uniquely independent of them at the same time, since it addresses issues which were at the time rather controversial.The novel is written in the first person, and thus magnifies the central character - the reader enters the world of Jane Eyre and is transported through her experiences at first hand. This at once makes the work subjective, especially since we know that Charlottes Brontes own life and experiences were so closely interwoven with the heroine's. As well as this we learn only at the end of the novel that the events are being related to us ten years after the reconciliation with Rochester - thus the narrative is RETROSPECTIVE (looking back). CB is clever in blending the narrative so that at times Jane seems to be speaking as an adult with adult hindsight , while at others she she is "in the middle" of them, as a child or young woman. The indecision which is a central issue in the book, is heightened by this device. We never know, as readers, whether to be entirely trustful of Janes actions and thoughts, because we are never sure wheher she is speaking impulsively or maturely.This intensifies the readers dilemma as to what is "right" and "wrong" in the dramatic relationships which are part of JE's life. Can we believe what the heroine says, or is she deceiving herself? The novel is primarily a love story and a "romance" where wishes come true but only after trials and suffering. The supernatural has its place, as do dreams, portents and prophesies. The heroine begins poor and lonely and ends up rich and loved; the orphan finds a good family to replace the wicked one; all the basic ingredients of classic romantic fairytale are present.The romantic element is present in two forms in Jane Eyre; the "family" aspect is dealt with in the Gateshead, Lowood and Moor House episodes, which involve the exchanging of the wicked Reed family for the benevolent Rivers one; and the Love romance is dealt with in the Thornfield and Ferndean episodes. Both aspects are, of course linked and interwoven throughout the novel.There is also a strong element of realism in the novel, which, married to the romantic aspect, enhances the novel's strength.The sense of place is very strong; we are able to experience both exterior and interior settings with startling clarity throughout the story, in a series of vivid deive passages. The central characters are also realistic and their confrontations and sufferings change them in a believable way.Even the unlikely is made plausible, with a unique blend of high drama and perceptive low comedy (the attack on Mason, for instance)The more fantastic romantic aspects; the coincidences; the secrets; the supernatural occurrences, are balanced by the realism, and this is of course a major strength.The Gothic influence cannot be ignored, although CB has refined the technique considerably from the "authentic" Gothic of the 1790's. In the original genre, the heroine would typically be abductedand threatened with seduction, or worse!. There would be a lover - a respectable, well-bred young man - who would endeavor to rescue the heroine and would succeed after many trial. the seducer would be a brigand "Know that I adore Corsairs!" and he would lock the girl up in a remote castle.There was little freedom for middle class women during the period of the Gothic novel, and this was still the case in the time of CB. Marriage especially was often a bargain, whereby fortunes were secured by using the female as a pawn. A woman's value largely depended therefore on her sexual purity and she was guarded and secured as a result. Men, on the contrary, were potent and free; lovers and mistresses were common. Ironically the women who provided their services were social outcasts as a result.In Jane Eyre we see elements of the Gothic romance, in that Thornfield Hall and Rochester are described very much in the brigand/castle style BUT Jane Eyre is not abducted by R. On the contrary she chooses to go there of her own free will. AND she is clear in her determination to have Rochester as a husband. Neither is there a gentleman rescuer; St John Rivers may look like a Greek God, but he is neither kind nor benevolent; driving Jane back to Ferndean, not rescuing her from it.The trials which the hero is supposed to undergo in a Gothic romance are in fact undergone by the heroine in Jane Eyre. The bandit Rochester is only skin-deep. Underneath the brooding exterior is a sensitive soul, which a WOMAN frees. In this way we see that CB created rather a daring departure from conventional fiction, although there are still many aspects of the novel which remain true to Victorian convention.!3. The Joys of Writing (by Winston Churchill)【导读】温斯顿·丘吉尔(Winston Churchill), 英国首相、保守党领袖。
英国文学复习题 PPT
1. Who is the “father of English poetry” and one of the Choose the right answer. greatest narrative poets of England?
D
• Byron’s Byronic hero appears first in ________.
C
C. Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage A. a sailor B. a knight
• The Rime of the Ancient Mariner tells an adventurous story of ________.
2. It was Martin Luther, a German Protestant, who initiated the ______________. Reformation
3. ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้he Elizabethan ________, in its totality, is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance literature. drama 4. The Reformation in England was in its full swing when ____________ declared himself through the approval of the Parliament as the Supreme Head of the Church of England in Henry VIII 1534.
英国文学复习题含答案
___________I. Multiple Choice: from a, b, c or d, choose the best one to complete the statements below. (1×50, 50 points) 1.--------- is the first important religious poet in English literature.a. John Donneb. George Herbertc. Caedmond. Milton2.The literature of the Anglo-Saxon period falls naturally into two divisions, ---------- and Christian.a. Paganb. Romanc. Frenchd. Danish3.“----------”is the oldest poem in the English language, and also the surviving epic in the English language.a. Beowulfb. Sir Gawain and Green Knightc. The Canterbury Talesd. Hamlet 4.Fielding has been regarded by some as the“----------”for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel.a.Best Writer of English Novelb. Father of English Novelc. Father of English Poetryd. Father of EnglishEssay5.All of the following three writers except---------- are the most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England.a.Marloweb. Shakespearec. Bacond.Thomas Kyd6.Byronic Hero was created by Lord Byron in one of his following works ---------.a. Don Juanb. Ode to the West windc. She Walks in Beautyd. Daffodils 7.Which play is not Shakespeare's tragedy? ----------a.Othellob. The Merchant of Venicec.Romeo and Julietd. King Lear 8.The literary form of The Faerie Queen is ----------.a. lyric poemb. narrative poemc. epic poemd. elegy9.Which of the following cannot correctly describe the English Enlightenment Movement ----------?a.It flourished in France.b. It was a furtherance of the Renaissance.c.Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world. d. It emphasized “reason & order.”10.“Blindness, partiality, prejudice and absurdity”in the novel Pride and Prejudice are most likely to be the characteristics of ----------.a. Elizabethb. Darcyc. Mrs. Bennetd.Lydia 11.The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the----------.a. Frenchb. Latinc. romanced. science 12.The story of “----------”is the culmination of the Arthurian metricalromances.a.Sir Gawain and the Green Knightb. Beowulfc.Piers the Plowmand. The Canterbury Tales 13.Chaucer, the‘father of English poetry' and one of the greatest ----------1poets of England, was born in London about 1340, and was the first to be buried in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey. a. lyrical b. blank verse c. narrative d. ballad 14.Which kind of metrical form was adopted by Chaucer in The Canterbury Tales? a. London dialect b. Heroic Couplet c. sonnet d. elegy 15.Generally speaking, Chaucer's works fall into three main groups corresponding roughly to the three periods of his adult life. Which period is wrong? a.The period of French influence (1359-1372) b.The period of Italian influence(1372-1386) c.The period of English influence (1386-1400) d.The period of American influence (1371-1382) 16.--------- was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. a. Thomas Wyatt b. William Shakespeare c. Philip Sidney d. Thomas Campion 17. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama. It was ---------- who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.a. Edmund Spenserb. Thomas Lodgec. Christopher Marlowed. Thomas More 18.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summitduring the reign of Queen ----------.a. Maryb. Elizabethc. Victoriad. William 19.English Renaissance Period was an age of ----------.a. prose and novelb. poetry and dramac. essays and journalsd. ballads and songs 20.From the following, choose the one that is not Francis Bacon's work. ----------a.The Advancement of Learningb. Essaysc.Maxims of the Lawd. Othello 21.English Renaissance Period was not an age of prose, but Thomas More wrote his famous prose work ----------.a. Of Studiesb. Robinson Crusoec. Gulliver's Travelsd. Utopia 22.Which play is not Shakespeare's comedy? ---------a.A Midsummer Night's Dreamb. The Merchant of Venicec.Romeo and Julietd. As You Like It23. ----------, considered John Milton's masterpiece, vividly tells the story ofSatan's rebellion against God and his tempting of Adam and Eve to eat theforbidden fruit of the tree of knowledge.a. Paradise Regainedb. Biblec. The Pilgrim's Progressd. Paradise Lost 24.---------- was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western th Europe in the 18 century.a. The Renaissanceb. The Enlightenmentc. The Religious Reformationd. The Chartist Movement2th century, England produces two great the last 20 years of the 1825.In pre-romantic poets. They were ----------.a. Johnson and Blakeb. Grey and Youngc. Pope and Goldsmithd. Blake and Burns th26.The 18-century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties, ----------, which were satirized by Swift in his Gulliver's Travels. a.The Whigs and the Toriesb.The senate and the House of Representativesc.The upper House and lower Housed.The House of Lords and the House of Commons thrd The critical realism in 19-century England has been considered as the 327.important literary achievement after the ancient Greek tragedy and the Renaissance drama. It has some basic characteristics as follows except: ----------a.Truthful reflection of the society with superb artistic styleb.Violent exposure and criticism with profound humanismc. Harmonious unity between the characters and situationd. The use of simple and common language 28.The Romantic Age began with the publication of Lyrical Ballads, which was written by ----------.a. William Wordsworthb. Samuel Johnsonc. Samuel Taylor Coleridged. Wordsworth andColeridge 29.Which poet did not belong to the Lakers? a. Coleridge b. Wordsworth c. Southey d. Keats 30.Choose the ode that is not written by Keats. ----------a. Ode to the West Windb. Ode to a Nightingalec. To Autumnd. Ode on a Grecian Urn 31.Choose the work that was not written by Jane Austen. ----------a. Emmab. Sense and Sensibilityc. Mansfield Parkd. Jane Eyre 32.English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of ----------. a. novel b. drama c. poetry d. prose 33.Which of the following writers did not belong to English critical realists? a. Charles Dickens b. Charlotte Bronte c. Daniel Defoe d. W. M. Thackeray 34.Dickens's David Copperfield is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the writer in which the early life of the hero is largely based on the author's early life, while his --------- is set against the backdrop of the French Revolution.a. Oliver Twistb. Great Expectationsc. Hard Timesd. A Tale of Two Cities 35.The sub-title of Vanity Fair is ‘---------'. a.A Pure Woman Faithfully Portrayed b. The Spirit and the Flesh c.A Novel Without a Hero d. Sense and Sensibility 36.In the novel Jane Eyre, Charlotte has some basic subject matters to express as follows except----------.a.pours a great deal of her own experienceb.criticizes the American bourgeois system of educationc.shows that true love is the foundation of marriaged.shows that women should have equal rights with men337.James Joyce was one of the foremost writers of --------- novels. a. critical realist b. Gothic c. stream of consciousness d. romantic historical38. The first English essayist Francis Bacon composed, during his lifetime,numerous prose work, and --------- is unmistakably among the most eloquent and elegant essays produced in English Renaissance.a. Of Studiesb. Ode to the West Windc. The Tigerd. Don Juan th-century Irish writers, who is the spokesman for Among the following 2039.the school of “Art for Art's Sake”? ---------- a. Bernard Shaw b. Oscar Wilde c. James Joyce d. W. B. Yeats 40. Wordsworth believes that ---------- can inspires poetry, and it is his nurse, guide, guardian and anchor of his thoughts.a. natureb. Godc. loved. wealth 41.Although writing from different points of view and with different techniques, writers in the Victorian Period shared one thing in common, that is, they were all concerned about ----------.a.the love story of the richb. the future of their countryc.the fate of common peopled. the love-making of the middle class people 42.--------- lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking and fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge.a. Charles Dickensb. Francis Baconc. Thomas Hardyd. Thomas More 43.The following comments on Daniel Defoe are true except ---------.a.Robinson Crusoe is his first novel.b.He is a member of the upper class.c.Robinson Crusoe is universally considered his masterpiece.d.He embarked on a new career—the writing of novel—when he was 60.44.The term “metaphysical poetry”is commonly used to name the work of the th-century writers who wrote under the influence of ----------. 17a. John Donne b. John Keats c. John Milton d. John Bunyan 45.The cradle of the Renaissance is ----------.a. Germanyb. Englandc. Italyd. Franceth46.The middle of the 18 century was predominated by a newly rising literary form that is the modern English ----------, which gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people.a. proseb. novelc. tragicomedyd. drama 47.Which of the following writings did Wordsworth not create? ------c--a.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloudb. The Solitary Reaperc.TheChimney Sweeper d. The Prelude 48.Which of the following writings is not the work by Dickens? ca. A Tale of Two Citiesb. Hard Timesc. Sons and Loversd. Oliver Twist 49.The Victorian Age was largely an age of ---------, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.a. poetryb. dramac. essayd. novel450. The 23-year-old Austen composed three novels, and among them, FirstImpressions was early version of --00------.a. Pride & Prejudiceb. Sense & Sensibilityc. Emmad. Northanger AbbeyⅡ. Reading Comprehension: read the following selected parts carefully, andgive the best answer to the relevant questions. (0.5×50, 25 points)Part 1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:51.This is one of Shakespeare's best known ----------.a. sonnetsb. balladsc. songs52.It runs in iambic pentameter rhymed ----------.a. abba abba cdcd cdb. abab cdcd efef gg53. The 14 lines include three quatrains together with the lasttwo lines as ---------- which completes the sense of the lines above.a. preludeb. coupletc. epigraph 54. The theme of this poem is ----------.a. loveb. friendshipc. immortality of arts Part 2 I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.Questions:55.This is the first two stanza of a poem that is written by5--------.a. Byronb. Wordsworthc. Keats 56.The title of the poem is ----------.a. To Autumnb. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloudc. TheSolitary Reaper57.The poem's theme is about ----------.a. beauty of natureb. country lifec.love58.The poet adopts one kind of figure of speech: ---------- to describe the flowers in the poem.a. personificationb. alliterationc.conceit59.The rhyme scheme in each stanza is ----------.a. abababb. ababccc. abcdcd Part 3IT is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one orother of their daughters. Questions:60. This passage is the opening of a novel entitled ----------.a. Sense and Sensibilityb. Pride and Prejudicec. Jane Eyre61.The writer of the novel is the first famous womannovelist—---------.a. George Eliotb. Charlotte Brontec. Jane Austen 62.The story in this novel is based on the lovemaking of the th young people in the ------- families in 18-century England. a. upper-middle-class b. aristocratic c. royal Part 4 That's my last Duchess painted on the wall, Looking as if she were alive. I call That piece a wonder, now: FràPandolf's hands Worked busily a day, and there she stands. Will 't please you sit and look at her? I said 'FràPandolf' by design, for never read Strangers like you that pictured countenance, Questions:63. These lines are quoted from the poem entitled-------.a. Songb. My Last Duchessc. When We Two Parted 64. It was composed by the outstanding poet -------.a. Robert Browningb. Lord Byronc. William Wordsworth65. In the famous piece, the form of ------- is skillfully employed.a. balladb. dramatic monologuec. blank versePart 5 GO and catch a falling star,6Get with child a mandrake root, Tell me where all past years are, Or who cleft the devil's foot,Teach me to hear mermaids singing, Or to keep off envy's stinging,And find What windServes to advance an honest mind. If thou be'st born to strange sights, Things invisible to see,Ride ten thousand days and nights, Till age snow white hairs on thee, Thou, when thou return'st, wilt tell me, All strange wonders that befell thee, And swear, No where Lives a woman true and fair. Questions:66.These are the first 2 stanzas of the poem written by ------- inth17-century England.a. John Miltonb. John Donnec. John Bunyan 67.The poet is the most outstanding figure of the poetic school of“-------”during this period. a. Graveyard Poets b. Metaphysical Poets c. Romantic poets68.He was appointed by King James I in 1621 as the dean of------- and he held this post till his last day. a. Westminster Abbey b. St. Paul Cathedral c. Canterbury Cathedral69.Besides his unique love poetry, he is also famous for his religious-------.a. poetryb. sermonsc. plays70.This group of poets prefers to use an elaborate and surprisingfigure of speech, -------, to express ideas in a sharp and harsh manner, by comparing two very dissimilar things.a. conceitb. similarc. alliteration Part 6I tell you I must go! I retorted, roused to something like passion. Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton?--a machine without feelings? and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? You think wrong!--I have as much soul asyou,--and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh;--it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the7grave, and we stood at God's feet, equal,--as we are! Questions:71.This passage is taken from the novel “-------”. a. Emma b. Wuthering Heights c. Jane Eyre 72.The author of the work is-------.a. Jane Austenb. Emily Brontec. Charlotte Bronte73.The speaker in the passage is -------.a. Cathyb. Lydiac. Jane 74.The character is passionately emphasizing the significance of------- between men and women.a. marriageb. equalityc. relationship75.The character is speaking to -------.a. Mr. Rochesterb. Mr. Bingleyc. Mr. Bennet Part 7 `I have been hoping, longing, praying, to make you happy! I have thought what joy it will be to do it, what an unworthy wife I shall be if I do not! That's what I have felt, Angel!' `I know that.' `I thought, Angel, that you loved me - me, my very self! If it is I you do love, O how can it be that you look and speak so? It frightens me! Having begun to love you, I love you for ever - in all changes, in all disgraces, because you are yourself. I ask no more. Then how can you, O my own husband, stop loving me?' `I repeat, the woman I have been loving is not you.' `But who?' `Another woman in your shape.' Questions:76.This passage is taken from the novel “-------”. a. Sons and Loversb. Tess of the D'Urbervillesc. Jane Eyre 77.The author of the work is -------.a. William Thackerayb. Thomas Hardyc. Charles Dickens78.The female speaker in the passage is --------.a. Tessb. Elizabethc. Jane 79.The novelreveals women's dreadful life in ------- England. ththth-century c.17 b. 18 a. 19-century -century Part 8 Her only gift was knowing people almost by instinct, she thought, walking on. If you put her in a room with some one, up went her back like a cat's; or she purred. Devonshire House, Bath House, the house with the china cockatoo, she had seen them all lit up once; and remembered Sylvia, Fred, Sally Seton—such hosts of people; and dancing all night; and the waggons plodding past to market; and driving home across the Park. She remembered once throwing a shilling into the Serpentine. But every one remembered; what she loved was this, here, now, in front of her; the fat lady in the cab. Did it matter then, she asked herself, walking towards Bond Street,8did it matter that she must inevitably cease completely; all this must go on without her; did she resent it; or did it not become consoling to believe that death ended absolutely? Questions:80.This passage is taken from the novel “-------”. a. Sons and Loversb. Mrs. Dallowayc. Dubliners81.The author of the work is -------.a. James Joyceb. D. H. Lawrencec. Virginia Woolf82. The writer is the representative figure of ------- novelists inth-century 20 England.a. steam-of-consciousnessb. critical realismc. aestheticism83.This passage reveals the inner spiritual world of --------.a. Clarissab. Tessc. Jane Eyre84. The author of the novel committed suicide by drowning because of --------.a. her insanityb. marriagec. poverty Part 9 He was a comely handsome Fellow, perfectly well made; withstraight strong Limbs, not too large; tall and well shap'd, and as I reckon, about twenty six Years of Age. He had a very good Countenance, not a fierce and surly Aspect; but seem'd to have something very manly in his Face, and yet he had all the Sweetness and Softness of an European in his Countenance too, especially when he smil'd. His Hair was long and black, not curl'd like Wool; his Forehead very high, and large, and a great Vivacity and sparkling Sharpness in his Eyes. The Colour of his Skin was not quite black, but very tawny; and yet not of an ugly yellow nauseous tawny, as the Brasilians, and Virginians,and other Natives of America are; but of a bright kind of a dun olive Colour, that had in it something very agreeable; tho' not very easy to describe. His Face was round, and plump; his Nose small, not flat like the Negroes, a very good Mouth, thin Lips, and his line Teeth well set, and white as Ivory.Questions:85. This passage is taken from the novel “---------”. a. Robinson Crusoe b. Ulysses c. Gulliver's Travels86. The author of the work is --------.a. Daniel Defoeb. Henry Fieldingc. Charles Dickens87. The writer was the representative figure of realistic novelistsin ------ century England. ththth c. 19 b. 18 a.17 88. The point of view used in this novel is the ---------.a. first-personb. third-personc. second-person89. The character described in this passage is -------- who issaved by the narrator. a. Crusoe b. Friday c. the slave trader9Part 10 To be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;Questions:90.These lines are taken from a famous play named ----------.a. Hamletb. King Learc. Othello 91. The author of theplay is ----------.a. Marloweb. Wyattc. Shakespeare 92.In the play these lines are uttered by ---------.a. Opheliab. Hamletc. Gertrude93. These lines are written in ----- which was introduced firstly by Christopher Marlow from French literature. a. ode b. blank verse c. elegy 94.This play is a ----------.a. comedyb. tragicomedyc. tragedyPart 11 O, my luve is like a red, red rose,That's newly sprung in June;O, my luve is like the melodie That's sweetly played in tune. Questions:95.This is the first stanza of a poem that is written by apre-romantic poet -----.a. Byronb. Burnsc. Keats96.The poem is written in the form of ----------.a. ballad metreb. sonnetc. ode97. The “red, red rose”in the poem is a token of ---------. a. friendship b. lovec. happiness 98. The poet was cultivated by-------- culture.a. Scottishb. Englishc.Welsh 99. He spent his life among the common people in the countryside and is thus regarded as a -------- poet.a. aristocraticb. peasantc. lake100. He created a great deal of poems from the resource ofthe folksong in his homeland. Among them, --------- has become a world-famous one.a. Auld Lang Syneb. To a Mousec. JohnAnderson, My JoIII. True or False: if the statement is True, please mark A on the answer sheet;if it is False, please mark B on the answer sheet. (0.5×50, 25 points) 1. Imperialism and the demand for social reform are the two factors that had a10large influence on modern English literature. T2. The slogan of aesthetic literature is “Art for Art's Sake”. T3. Modern English novel is a natural product of the Industrial Revolution and asymbol of the growing importance of the English (bourgeoisie) middleclass. T4.Self-acknowledge is one of the major themes of Pride and Prejudice. T5. Robert Burn's passionate poem, My Heart's in the Highlands, opens with thelines: “My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here, / My heart's in theHighlands a-chasing the deer”. T6. The central character in a romance is usually a knight. T7. Many of famous verses by John Keats are crafted in the form of ode. T8. Walter Scott is called the Father of English Prose. F9. It is in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling that Henry Fielding succeedsbest in creating “a comic epic in prose”. T10. In Gulliver's Travels, Yahoos are the creatures living on Laputa. F11. In “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning”, John Donne compares the souls oflovers to a pair of compasses. T12. Bacon's Essays has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English essay. T13. The most important poet in the Victorian age is Robert Browning. Next tohim is Alfred Tennyson. F14. Popular ballad is an important stream of English medieval literature. Of allthe ballads, those of Robin Hood are of paramount importance. T15. The difficulty of knowing the truth, the connection between thought andaction, revenge, and death are all the themes explored in Shakespeare's Hamlet. T16. Thomas Gray's poetry is bone of the bone and flesh of the flesh of the Scottish people. F17.An elegy is a poem in which the poet mourns the death of a specific person. T18.Much like Jane, Mr. Bingley in Pride and Prejudice is an amiable and good-tempered person. T19.Shelley's most famous lyrics include To a Skylark and The Cloud. T20.Robert Burns wrote under the influence of Scottish folk traditions and oldScottish poetry. T21.The literary technique with which authors represent the flow of sensations andideas is called stream of consciousness. T th century is a period of struggle between end 22.The of the 19Romantic andRealistic trends in literature. F23.Optimism and positivism are strongly reflected in Hardy's writings. F24.Both The Waves and Women in Love are stream-of-consciousness novels. F25.Thomas Carlyle and Matthew Arnold are famous prose writers in the Victorianperiod. T1126.Thomas Hardy succeeded Tennyson and George Bernard Shaw as president ofthe Society of Authors. T27.In 1850 Wordsworth, who had been poet-laureate after Southey, died; andTennyson took the laurel. T28.The title Ulysses has been adopted by two British writers—one is Tennysonthe poet in his famous monologue; the other D. H. Laurence in his famousstream-of-consciousness novel. F29.The Bronte sisters published their first work—Poems by Currer, Ellis, andActon Bell in 1846. T30. Besides E. M. Foster, Virginia Woolf is also an active member of the“Bloomsbury Group”. T31.Dubliners—the starting point of Wilde's writing career—is a collection ofsharp realistic sketches about the Dublin life. F th-century English Gothic novel included principal writers of the 1732. TheHorace Walpole—author of The Castle of Otranto, and Ann Radcliffe—author of The Mysteries of Udolpho. F33.Wilde's most excellent success was as a writer of novels, esp. in The Portraitof Dorian Gray. F34.Jane Eyre, the masterpiece of Charlotte Bronte and an immediate success inher time, has been dedicated to Thackeray—the author of Vanity Fair. T 35.Because of the reception of Tess and Jude, Hardy turned with relief to thewriting of experimental lyrical poetry in 1896. T36. George Eliot, pseudonym of Mary Ann or Marian Evans, was one of the best19th-century English novelists, whose best-known works are Adam Bede, TheMill on the Floss, and Silas Marner. T37. Sir Walter Scott, the author of Waverley and Rob Roy, was the firstmajorhistorical novelist. T38. The hero of the poem, Don Juan, was the first example of what came to beknown as the Byronic hero. T39.Mrs. Browning is most famous for her Sonnets from the Portuguese as well asAurora Leigh. T40.John Galsworthy, the first serious British writer on sex, was equally prolific asa dramatist who for many years rivaled Bernard Shaw. F41. Charles Dickens was the first to gain fame and popularity before other prominent Victorian novelists, including Thackeray, George Eliot and EmilyBronte. T42.The central figure in Vanity Fair is Rebecca Sharp who issimple-hearted andna?ve. F43.John Bunyan—the author of Paradise Lost—is the representative writer of th-century England. prose in 17F44.Tales from Shakespeare written by Charles and Mary Lamb is a guidance book。
英国文学史及选读第一册复习题(文档良心出品)
History and Anthology of English LiteratureI Multiple Choices1. The story of _________ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales2. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in _________.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey3. Utopia was written in the form of _________.A. proseB. dramaC. essayD. dialogue4. _________ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan5. _________ is not written by William Blake.A. The Marriage of Heaven and HellB. Songs of ExperienceC. Auld Lang SyneD. Poetical Sketches6. “Some book are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.This sentence is taken from _________.s Oliver TwistA. Swift’s A Modest Proposal B.Dickens’s Tom Jones D. Bacon’s Of StudiesC. Fielding’7. Which poet is not the “Lake Poet”？A. William WordsworthB. S. T. ColeridgeC. SoutheyD. Keats8. Generally，the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries，itsessence is _________.A. ScienceB. ArtsC. PhilosophyD. Humanism9. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is thepopular literary form in _________.A. RomanticismB. RenaissanceC. medieval periodD. Anglo-Saxon period10. Gothic novels are mostly stories of ________, which take place in some haunted or dilapidatedMiddle Age castles.A. love and marriageB. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs11. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are _____.A. horses that are endowed with reasonB. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC. giants that are superior in wisdomD. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only inappearance but also in some other ways—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of ________.12. John Milton’s masterpieceA. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnets13. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry?A. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet14. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, itsessence is _______.A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism15. The School for Scandal by Richard Brisley Sheridan has been regarded as the best _______since Shakespeare.A. tragedyB. proseC. comedyD. fableII Match( ) 1. Paradise Lost A. John Bunyan( ) 2. Tristram Shandy B. Oliver Goldsmith( ) 3. of Truth C. Geoffery Chaucer( ) 4. The Vicar of Wakefield D. Henry Fielding( ) 5. Canterbury Tales E. Jonathan Swift( ) 6. Tom Jones F. Samuel Richardson( ) 7. Gulliver’s Travels G. Edmund Spensers Progress H. Francis Bacon( ) 8. The Pilgrim’( ) 9. Pamela I. Laurence Sterne( )10. The Fairy Queen J. John MiltonIII Literary Terms (Choose Five of them to illustrate in English)1. Epic2. Romance3. Blank verse4. Sonnet5. Allegory6. Heroic couplet7. Comedy8. Tragedy9. Sentimentalism 10. EnlightenmentIV Poem Analysis(1)Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shinesAnd often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometimes declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:1. Who writes this poem? _____________________2. What type of this poem belongs to? _____________________A. SonnetB. BalladC. OdeD. Elegyodern English? _____________________3. What does “thee” mean in m4. What does “the eye of heaven” refer to? _____________________5. What’s the rhyme scheme of this poem? _____________________Try to give some examples.6. What’s the rhetorical devices used in this poem?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)O my luve 's like a red, red roseThat 's newly sprung in June:O my Luve 's like the melodieThat's sweetly play'd in tune!As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I:And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a' the seas gang dry:Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,And the rocks melt wi' the sun;I will luve thee still, my dear,While the sands o' life shall run.And fare thee weel, my only Luve,And fare thee weel a while!And I will come again, my Luve,Though it were ten thousand mile.Questions:1. Who write this poem? _____________________2. What’s the title of this poem? _____________________3. What does the poet compare red rose to? _____________________4. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? _____________________5. Illustrate the first stanza in English in your own words._____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________V Conclude the main story of the literary work and make your own comments.Directions: There are four literary works listed as follows. Choose two of them to write down the main idea and make some comments on them.1. Tome Jones2. Robinson Crusoe3. Hamlets Travels4. Gulliver’。
英国文学期末复习资料整理总结
I. Multiple Choice – 2 points eachII. Matching – 1 point eachIII. Literary Terms – 4 points eachAllegory (寓言p64)is aliterary device that uses symbols, characters, and actions to represent truths about human existence. When these symbols, characters, or actions are used together, it creates an extended comparison that gives a message about the real world. Pilgrim’s Progress is an example.是一种文学手段，它使用符号、人物和行为来代表关于人类存在的真理。
当这些符号、字符或动作一起使用时，它会创建一个扩展的比较，提供关于真实世界的信息。
《天路历程》就是一个例子。
Sonnet (十四行诗 p27)A 14-line poem with a definite rhyme scheme and meter. Shakespeare wrote 154 of these kinds of poems.一首十四行诗，有明确的韵脚和韵律。
莎士比亚写了154首这样的诗。
Soliloquy (独白)An extended speech by one person that reveals their inner thoughts, feelings, or intentions. The character is usually alone, and the purpose is to reveal inner thoughts to the audience.一个人的演说，揭示他们内心的想法、感情或意图。
英国文学期末复习资料
1,Old English Literature (A.D.600-about A.D.1100)Poetry:Beowulf 《贝尔伍夫》: the author is unknown （Secular literature世俗文学）1, Hrothgar胡鲁斯加王, King of the Danes, and Beowulf, a brave young man,2, the first great English literary work, the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds years, was written down in the 10th century, Features:1, Each half line has two main beats.2,There is no rhyme. Instead, each half line is joined to the other by alliteration头韵. 3,Things are described indirectly and in combinations of words.4, As is known, the Anglo-Saxons were Christianized by the end of the 7th century. Major themes:1.This epic presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world represented by Grendel, his mother and the fire-breathing dragon under the wise and mighty leader.2.The poem conveys a hope that the righteous will triumph over the evil. Beowulf stands for all that is good, brave and proper, while the monsters stand for evil. Prose:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史1,written under the encouragement and supervision of King Alfred the Great (849-899)阿尔弗雷德大帝2,an early history of the country which begins with Caesar’s conquest凯撒征服and is a monument不朽的作品of Old English Prose.Aelfric埃尔弗里克（mostly religious)：His prose style is the best in Old English. And he uses alliteration头韵to join his sentences together.2，Middle English Literature (from about 1100 to about 1500) Norman Conquest(1066): the English VS the Norman armies place:near Hastings黑斯廷斯Result: the leader of English, Harold, was killed, English lost decisive battle William, the Conqueror, became the King of England1. Politically, a feudalist system封建制度was established in England.（feudalism）2. Religiously, the Roman Catholic Church had a much stronger control over the country.3. Great changes took place in the English language.4. The conquest opened up England to the whole European continent, so that with the introduction of the culture and literature of France, Italy and other European countries a fresh wave of Mediterranean civilization came into England.Three languages co-existed in England during this period.：French (the official language): King, Norman lordsLatin (the principal tongue of church affairs): clergymen and scholarsEnglish: common peopleGreat events in this period:The Hundred Years’ War(1337-1453)英法百年战争The Black Death(1348-1350) 黑死病Literature：strongly reflects the principles of the medieval中世纪Christian doctrines基督教教义, which are primarily concerned with the issue of personal salvation自我拯救.The romance传奇文学;Geoffrey of Monmouth蒙茅斯的杰弗里：英国历史学家History of the Kings of Britain (in Latin Prose)(不列颠诸王记)Layamon莱亚门：英国诗人Brut《布鲁特》Thomas Malory马洛礼：Mort D’Arthur(in English prose)《亚瑟王之死》Sir Gawain and the Green Knight（anonymous匿名的，无名的, in English verse)《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》Major themes of 《高文。
英国文学
HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERATUREⅡⅠ1. was distinctively an age of prose. The Age ofAge of Shakespeare—was decidedly an age of poetry. This face has helped to mark it as the second age in English literary history; for poetry is the highest form of literary expression and poetry seems to have been most in harmony with the noblest powers of the English genius英国天才的高尚凛性. As in the Elizabethan Age, the young enthusiasts turned as naturally to poetry as a happy man to singing. P5 2. Coleridge, Southey and Wordsworth form the trio of so-called LakePoets “湖畔诗人”三人组. P63. In 1797 Wordsworth made friend with S.T. Coleridge and a year later the. P94. simplicity and purity of the language,th century poetry. P95. 1) he was one of the key figures in secondmovement; 2) his poetry is characterized by sensual imagery, most notably in the series of odes; 3) “Beauty is truth , truth beauty”—Ode on a Grecian Urn. 3) Negative Capacity消极张力4)唯美主义先驱6. is the creator and a great master of the historical novel.give a panorama of feudal society封建社会的全景描写from its early stages to its downfall P877. In written by Walter Scott appeared, andnot only at once established its author as a novelist of extraordinary power in the delineation of characte r勾画角色and the description of natural scenery, but revolutionized the English novel, lifting its tone, broadening its scope, making it artistic, in strong contrast his predecessors. P 868. ——Irony 反语P1169. …s preoccupation was always with the serious consideration of道德地位of the individual in the universe, but her psychological insight心理洞察力into the development of character, he flair for country scenes and speech, her fine sense of fun, and the narrative interest of her novels gave her a general popularity not common to didactic novelists说教小说家. Her biggest character is psychological analysis. P21110. In December,1847, a joint book appeared, containing Anne‟s Agnes Greyand Emily‟s only novel, Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄; neither work attracted much attention. P23211. In 1850 Wordsworth, who had been poet-laureate桂冠诗人zftet Southey,died; and Tennyson took the laurel. P28912. In the house called “Casa Guidi”Browning continued his great series ofdramatic monologues戏剧独白诗. Here, also, after Mrs. Browning‟s. P298: 1) the contrast between Victorian andstartling相去甚远. Dickens, the outstanding Victorian novelist, was a man of colossal optimism; (and Hardy, most “finished” novelist of the age following, was sunk o n the deeps of pessimism), 2）the end of the 19th century is a period of struggle between realistic and anti-realistic trends in art and literature. 3) The growth of anti-realistic art and literature reflected the crisis of bourgeois culture at the period of imperialism. 4) The later realists excelled in revealing the characters from a psychological point of view. The work of S.Butler, T.Hardy and H.G Wells is imbued with pessimism often bordering on despair.5) The greatest books of the period were cries of suffering and protest. 14. Oscar Wilde, in his critical essays O. Wilde expounded the theory of “art for唯美主义)维多利亚Wessex country为赛克斯地区which later figured in his works. The character of his works is the elemental strength of the Wessex tales为赛克斯故事中的优势. His novels culminated with the two greatest, Tess of the D’Urbervilles 《德伯家的苔丝》, 1891, and Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》, 1896. the second part of the title of Tess is A Pure Woman“一个纯洁女子的真实写照”. P312Ⅱ. 连线题（10*1’=10’）1. P9①Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集（with S.T.Coleridge）.②Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey丁登寺③The Prelud e序曲④The Excursion漫游⑤She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways她住在人迹罕见的路边⑥I Travelled Among Unknown Men我曾在海外的异乡漫游⑦I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud我好似一朵孤独的流云⑧Composed upon Westminster Bridge在西敏寺桥上⑨London, 1802⑩The Solitary Reaper孤独的割麦女2. P91)The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.古舟子咏3. P241) Hours of Idleness 闲暇的时刻（first volume of poems）2) English Bards and Scotch Reviewers 英格兰诗人和苏格兰评论家3) Childe Harold Pilgrimage恰尔德.哈罗尔德游记4) Don Juan 唐璜（Byron‟s greatest work, satiric masterpiece讽刺名作）5) The Giaour 异教徒6) The Corsair 海盗7) Lara 莱拉8) Childe Harold Pilgrimage 恰尔德哈罗尔游记9) Manfred曼弗雷德10) Cain该隐11) When We Two Parted12) She Walks in Beauty13) Sonnet on Chillon4. P501) The Necessity of Atheism无神论的必要性2) Address to the Irish People“to every passer-by who seemed likely”3) Queen Mab4) Alastor or The spirit of Solitude5) Laon and Cythna =The Revolt of Islam （a long narrative inSpenserian stanzas）6) Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯7) The Cenci8) Sensitive Plant我灵中之灵9) Adonais阿多尼斯10) Ode to the West Wind西风颂11) To a Sky Lark致云雀12) Ozymandias13) A Song:” Men of England”14) The Cloud5. P691) On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer2) Endymion恩底弥翁(“feverish attempt rather than a deedaccomplished”)3) Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St.Agnes, and other Poems4) On Melancholy哀感5) Ode On a Greeian Urn希腊古翁颂6) To Psyche 心灵7) To a Nightingale 夜莺颂8) To Autumn秋颂9) Hyperion10) Bright Star6. P841) Waverley 威弗手小2) Ivanhoe艾凡赫7. P1161) Pride and Prejudice2) Northanger Abbey 诺桑觉寺3) Sense and Sensibility 理智与情感4) Emma爱玛5) Persuasion劝导6) Mansfield Park8.(prose writer) P131①The Adventures of Ulysses尤利西斯历险记16. P156①Oliver Twist雾都孤儿② A Christmas Carlo 圣诞欢歌③David Copperfield大卫科波菲尔④Bleak House荒凉山庄⑤Hard Times艰难时刻⑥Little Dorrit小杜丽⑦ A Tale of Two Cities双城记(on the magazine named All the YearRound started by Dickens)⑧Great Expectations远大进程⑨Our Mutual Friend我们共同的朋友⑩Edwin Drood艾德温·德鲁德之谜17. ——Vanity Fair 《名利场》P18718. P2091) Adam Bede亚当·比德2) The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊19. P2321) Jane Eyre 简爱2) The Professor 教授3) Shirley 雪莉4) Villette 维莱特20. ——Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄P23221. P232①Agnes Grey②The Tenant of Wildfell Hall22. P27823. —Ulysses尤利西斯P29024. P2981) My Last Duchess我已故的公爵夫人2) The Ring and the Book指环和书25. P302①Sonnets From from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗26. P3121) Tess of the D’Urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》2) Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》27. P350富思特家史28. P3861) The Quintessence of Ibsenism 易卜生主义的精华2) The Perfect Wagnerite 完美的瓦格纳3) Widowers’ Houses4) The Philanderer拉皮条者5) Mrs. Warren’s Profession 华伦夫人的职业29. P4151) Sons and Lovers儿子和情人2) The White Peacock白孔雀3) Rainbow虹30. P4391) Monday or Tuesday2) Jacob’s Room3) Mrs. Dalloway4) To the Lighthouse5) The waves海浪6) Between the Acts幕间31. P4531) Dubliners都柏林人2) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man 一个年轻画家的肖像3) Ulysses 尤利西斯Ⅳ. 简答题(1*15’=15’)1. P29Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage is a travelogue, narrated by a melancholy, passionate, well-read, and very eloquent tourist是一部旅行游记，由一位忧郁伤感、充满激情、博览群书、能言善辩的游客叙述. It is a lengthy, autobiographical, narrative poem. Byron chose for his poem the Spenserian stanza斯宾塞诗节形式. In Spenserian stanza: 9 lines, first 8 lines are iambic pentameter五步抑扬格; the ninth is iambic hexameter六步抑扬格. The rhyme is ABABBCBCC. P29 (Theme: The poem describes the travels and reflections of a world-weary young man who disillusioned with a life of pleasure and revelry, looks for distraction in foreign lands; it is an expression of the melancholy and disillusionment felt by a generation weary of the wars of the post-Revolutionary and Napoleonic eras) (Image: “ocean”—deep, dark; “man”—ruin, in vain P37)Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage is a travelogue, narrated by a melancholy, passionate, well-read, and very eloquent tourist. It is a lengthy, autobiographical, narrative poem.Byron chose for his poem the Spenserian stanza, which consists of 9 lines, the rhyme is abab bcbc c. The first 8 lines uses iambic pentameter, and the 9th line uses iambic hexameter.Byron applied many rhetorics in this poem. For example, in the paragragh of 179, the apostrophy of Ocean and the hyperbole, personification all indicated that the nature or ocean is so powerful and great. At last, parallelism and repetition is used.The main image is ocean and a drop of rain, and also the man with ruin, through the contrast of ocean and man, the writter shows the power and greatness of the nature and the weakness and meanness of human.Totally, The poem describes the travels and reflections of a world-weary young man who disillusioned with a life of pleasure and revelry, looks for distraction in foreign lands; it is an expression of the melancholy and disillusionment felt by a generation weary of the wars of the post-Revolutionary and Napoleonic eras2. P54Ode to the West Wind is a romantic poem, the masterpiece written by Percy Bysshe Shelley.The stanza used in this ode was Terza Rima三行连环体. It consists of 14 lines, aba, bcb, cdc, ede, ee. The rhythm used was the iambic pentameter五步抑扬格.At the beginning, the author uses apostrophy呼告t o say “O wild West Wind”, and the n uses personification or metaphor隐喻, regarded it as the Autumn‟ s being. Besides, Shelley applied the rhetoric修辞学such as simile 明喻, hyperbole夸张法and parallelism对应and described the autumn wind how to be a destroyer and a preserver.The main image among that was the wind, including the wind on earth, in the sky, and over the ocean, which destroys in the autumn in order to revive in the spring. More over, the images of leaves, winged seeds and so on played an important role in the poem as well.Around this central image the poem weaves various cycles of death and regeneration----vegetational, huma n, and divine. It is also praises the nature and art through the description of wind‟ freedom.Ⅴ. 问答题(1*25’=25’)1. P173orphan and was treated cruelly especially by Bumble, the official of workhouse. Then, Oliver Twist escaped to London, where he unfortunately entered in a criminal gang led by Fagin that includes the brutal thief Bill Sikes, the famous artful Dodger and Nancy. Oliver was supposed to be recued by kindly Mr. Brownlow whose pocket Oliver was accused of having picked. However, he was kidnapped in that gang again and Monks, Oliver‟s brother, with Bill Sikes wanted to kill Oliver. Under the sacrifice of Nancy, Oliver got helped and adopted by Mr. Brownlow and Fagin, monks are caught by polices, and Sikes suicides himself carelessly.There are many charachaters in this novel, such as Oliver Twist, Fagin, Bumble…… C harles Dickens uses the method of Omniscient perspective in characterization, through actions, appearance, language, and writer‟s comment and even the name‟s symbolism describe the charachaters.Themes of this novel are numerous. The author describes the life of poverty and social classes, such as Sikes(a thug), Fagin and the corruptchildren, including Oliver Twist, and reveals the darkness of society at that time. He praises the humanitarianism and believes the good person can get rewarded, so he criticizes the evil and corruption as well. Dickens also showed the relation between sin and redemption, as Nancy is. Many of middle-class people that Oliver encountered are also in the content, some of who are kind, and some bad. All in all, this novel shows the resource of social evil is the capitalism society.Charles Dickens‟ writing style, obviously, is humorous and satirical. He does well in using long and complicated sentences which is elaborate, expressive, and eloquent. Then, he is good at applying the profound symbolism, for example, Oliver Twist means all of twist. Dickens is a critical realist not only gave satirical portrayal of the bourgeoisie and all the ruling class but also showed his profound sympathy for the common people.2. P234about a child‟s maturation. Jane Eyre was an orphan, passed into the care of Mrs. Reed, who always punished her by sending her to the gloomy room, and one day, she was sent to Lowood School, where she was well-liked by Miss Temple. After the end of her study, she was retained as a teacher at Thornfield, and the student was Mr. Edward Rochester‟s daughter. Gradually, the proud, mysterious Rochester and the independent, stubborn Jane loved each other, but there was the mad ex-wife, who set a fire finally in Thornfield. However, Rochester became ugly and blind, he married Jane at last on bases of their equality.There are several characters in this novel, such as Jane Elre, Edward Rochester, Miss temple and Mrs. Reed. Jane was a plain, honest, independent and dreamful girl, who finally gets what life she wants. Rochester can be a Byronic hero, proud, gloomy, mysterious, and passionate, which is always in Gothic fiction. Mrs. Reed, her aunt, but she treated crudely and mean to Jane, only when she went to dead, she told Jane that she still had relatives and could got legacy. The author uses language, appearance and actions to complete the characterization, and the metaphor, such as the color of red.About the theme, at first, it praises the pure love between Jane Elye and Mr. Rochester; Second, it criticizes the social class and class segregates; Third, it shows the religion and belief in god.Jane Eyre was written by the sister of Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte. It is a gothic novel in which symbolism is used frequently, such as the red in the novel and Jane's imprisonment is symbolic of her lower social class.。
英国文学史及选读期末复习试题
英国文学史及选读试题考试科目：英国文学史及选读考试时间：120分钟使用班级：考试形式：■闭卷□开卷Ⅰ. Fill in the following blanks (1′×35=35分)1._______________ can be justly termed England’s national epic.2.In the year of _____, at the battle of _________, the Normans headed by ______ , Duke of _________, defeated the ___________ .3.________________, the “father of English poetry”and one of the greatest ______________ poets of England. The representative work of him is ____________________ .4. Renaissance means __________ and _________ .5. The key note of renaissance : _________________.6. The term Renaissance originally indicated a revival of ___________ ( _______ and _________ ) and_____________.7.Thomas More was the outstanding________ at the beginning of ___ century. His wrote ____________ in 1516.8. Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest____________—_________(作品)9. The highest glory of Renaissance is ______________ .10. Christopher Marlowe was one of the _____________ and made ____________ the principal vehicle of expression in____________ .11. Thomas Wyatt was the first to introduce the ___________ into English literature.12. At the end of the 16th century, the great English scientist and philosopher Francis Bacon wrote his famous ____________ and______________.13. William Shakespeare：Four tragedies: ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________. Four comedies: ___________ _, ___________ _, ____________, ___________ _.Shakespeare produced ____ plays, two _________ and 154 __________.14. Francis Bacon was the founder of ____________in England——Knowledge is power. He was famous for his essays: ________________.15. John Donne—_____________school, was the author of ________________ .16. John Milton was the author of ______________, _____________. The first one was written in___________. Here Paradise means “_________________ ”.17. The 18th Century—The Age of______________ in England—was distinctively an age of ____________.18. ______________ was the writer of Robinson Crusoe.19. ______________ was the writer of Gulliver’s Travels, A modest Proposal.20.______________ was the writer of _____________, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, _______________________, The Songs of Innocence.21. ______________was the writer of ________________, Auld Lang Syne.22. The Romantic Period was from _____ to _____ in England and was decidedly an age of ___________.23. Romanticism began with the publication of_________________ Lyrical Ballads, ended with __________________.24. _____________________, ___________________ and ________________were ___________(湖畔诗人).25. _____________,____________ ,______________were active romanticists (激进浪漫主义诗人).26.________________ —If winter comes, can Spring be far behind? ——Percy Bysshe _____________.27. ______________ —Beauty is truth, truth beauty.30. ______________was the writer of On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer, __________________, Ode on a Grecian Urn, __________________, Bright Star.31. ________________was the writer of Pride and Prejudice.32. _____________was the writer of Dream-Children; a Reverie, _____________________.33.The Victorian Age—______________ in England. The dominant literal genrewas ____________.34._____________ was the writer of _____________,David Copperfield, HardTimes, A Tale of Two Cities (_________ and ________), Great Expectation.35.William Makepeace Thackeray was the writer of __________________.36.George Eliot, a ___________ writer, devoted herself to ______________.37.Charlotte Bronte was the author of ______________; Emily Bronte was the writerof __________________.38.Alfred, Lord Tennyson, was regarded as the most important poet ofthe_________________.39._____________was the author of Far from Madding Crowd, The Return of theNative, The Major of Casterbridge, Tess of the D’Urbervilles and Jude the Obscure.40.Oscar Wilde, a __________ and a ___________, was a spokesman for________________ (唯美主义).41.George Bernard Shaw was the greatest writer of ____________—afterShakespeare. He was the writer of _______________ and Mrs. Warren’s Profession.42.______________ was the writer of Sons and Lovers.43.______________ was the writer of Mrs. Dalloway.44.James Joyce was the writer of _____________.45._________________: 2007 winner of Nobel Prize for Literature.Ⅱ. Interpret the following terms. (10′×2=20分)1.The English Renaissance2.Metaphysical poetryⅢ. Answer the following questions. (15′×3=45分)1. In your opinion, why does Satan in Paradise Lost choose the Garden of Eden for his battlefield?Give your reasons in brief words, pay attention to logic and precision.2. Read sonnet 18 answer the following questions.Sonnet 18Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shinesAnd often is his gold complexion dimed;And every fair form fair sometimes declines,By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade.When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:(1)Who is the author of this sonnet?(2)Write the rhyme scheme of the poem.(3)What is the theme of the poem?(4) What kind of rhetorical devices the author adopted in the sonnet? For eachrhetorical device you list, examples from the poem must be given.3. Illustrate the political satire Jonathan Swift made in Gulliver’s Travells?。
新编英国文学选读(上),罗经国,期末复习每章问题
Week I Assignment—Beowulf1. How many groups of early settlers came to Britain? (Please provide their names, time and place as to when and where they were from)2. How many languages were spoken at the same time in Norman England? And on what occasions were they spoken?3. From which early settlers’ languages is the modern English language derived?Anglo- Saxon4. Who was the father of English history? And what book did he wrote?5. What are King Alfred the Great’ contributions to English literature?6. Pls make a brief summary of the story of Beowulf.7. What’s the metrical feature of the Anglo-Saxon poetry; take the epic Beowulf for example?8. What’s the significance of Beowulf?9. Explain the following terms.AlliterationKenning (provide some examples)10. Scan the meter of the following lines and underline the alliterative letters in the following lines.Condemned to agony. The door gave way,Toughened with iron, at the touch of those hands.The foe then stepped onto the unstained floor,Angrily advanced: out of his eyes stood.An unlovely light like that of fire.11. Read part II on your own and find as many kennings as possible.Homework week 2 Assignment 21. Explain the following terms:Knights / romance2. Please summarize the story of Sir Gawain and Green Knight.3. Pls describe the feudal system of hierarchy in Norman England.4. What are the main themes of religious literature?5. What are the subject matters of romance?6. What conclusion can we draw about the chivalric spirit from the story of Sir Gawain?7. What’s the metrical feature of Sir Gawain and Green Knight?8. Scan the last five lines of the second stanza.Our knightAnd at that holy tideHe prays with all his mightThat Mary maybe his guideTill a dwelling comes in sight9. pls recite the second stanza of the poem.Homework Week 31. Explain : allegory2. What is John Wycliff’s contribution to English literature?3. What is heroic couplet?4. Scan the following lines:And the small fowls are making melodyThat sleeps away the night with open eye5. pls sum up the life story and writing career of Chaucer.6. What is the significance of The Canterbury Tales?7. What kind of book is The Canterbury Tales?8. In what way does Chaucer contribute to the English language?8. Pls point out the lines that present Chaucer’s mild satire upon the Prioress.9. what kind of person is the woman of Bath?Assignment 41. What is ballad?2. What are the characteristics of popular ballad?3. Explain ‘The ballad meter’4. Please scan the third stanza of Robin hood.5. pls explain the war of roses and Henry VIII’s reformation of the church.6. Please recite The Three Ravens.Assignment 51. Explain [ the English renaissance]2. [humanism]3. [gentleman]4. [religious reformation]5. What is Spenserian stanza? What is his writing style?6. Pls briefly summarize the story of Faerie Queene.7. Pls Scan stanza 17 of canto iv of the Faerie Queene.8. What are the six virtues presented in the six books of Faerie Queene?9. What are the seven sins? Also pls sum up the features of each sin described by Spencer?10. Please recite the first two stanzas.Assignment 61. What are the reasons for the flouring of drama in Renaissance England?2. Describe the English theater (take the Globe for example) .3. Who are the University wits?4. What renaissance spirit does Tamberline the great represent? And what spirit does Dr. Faustus represent?5. What is the writing style of Christopher Marlowe?6. What is blank verse? Scan the first four lines of Dr. Faustus.Homework week 7:1. What are the famous four tragedies of Shakespeare? And the famous comedies?2. Into how many periods is Shakespea re’s writing career divided?3. What are the great achievements of Shakespeare?4. What is Shakespearean sonnet? Pls recite sonnet 18!5. Is Shylock a cruel usurer or a persecuted Jew? Pls analyze Shylock’s character.6. Pls recite Portia’s famous speech on mercy versus justice; and Hamlet’s famous soliloquy. Homework week-81. What are the two main reasons for the British Bourgeois revolution?2. What is the significance of “the Glorious revolution”?3. What God created on the first six days? God’s creation of man?4. What do you know about Francis Bacon’s Philosophical view and the style of his essays?5. Pls recite Of Study.Homework week 9:1. What is metaphysical poetry? Its main theme? Its representatives?2. What is cavalier poetry? Its main theme? Representatives?3. What are the main features of John Donne’s poetry?4. What is feminine ending? And what is masculine ending?5. Recite Virtue.6. What is Miltonic style? (written/ oral)7. In what kind of genre is Milton’s Paradise Lost wr itten?8. What main theme does Paradise Lost deal with? What is the purpose of Milton’s in writing this poem?9. What sentiment is expressed in the image of Satan? And what kind of attitude should we take towards Satan in paradise Lost?10. What is the significance of the love story between Adam and Eve?Homework week 101. In what kind of genre is Milton’s Paradise Lost written?2. What main theme does Paradise Lost deal with? What is the purpose of Milton’s in writing this poem?3. What sentiment is expressed in the image of Satan? And what kind of attitude should we take towards Satan in paradise Lost?4. What is the significance of the love story between Adam and Eve?5. What is Miltonic style?6. What is the genre of Pilgrim’s Progress?7. W ho is the man in Bunyan’s dream And what book in his hand? What the burden is?8. What kind of journey did the pilgrim make? And adventure he underwent through what city?9. What is the significance of the story? And the city?10. What is Bunyan’s style? What does he criticize through his satire/Homework week 12 & Revision:1. What are the six features of 18th century English cultural life?2. What are the five characteristics of neo-classicism?3. What class and class spirit are embodied in the figure “Robinson Crusoe”?4. Please state the reasons why Defoe is regarded as a great artist (with his Moll Flanders’s entering the serious literature)?5. Why was Jonathan Swift respected by the Irish people as their National hero?6. Why is Swift’s A Mode st Propsal regarded as a bitter satire?Homework week 131. Addison and Steel launched several periodicals together. What are their aims?2. What do they mainly deal with in their essays?3. What methods do they adopt in writing the essays?4. What is Addison’s writing style?5. The Royal Exchange: how many important roles did the merchants play in Addison’s time?6. What is genre of the Rape of the Lock by A Pope?7. What is it about?8. What is the significance of An Essay on Man? What are Pope’s achi evements?9. Pls explain Augustan Age.10. Pls recite An essay on Man: Whatever Is, Is Right; and Know Then Thyself.P.S.1 pls read carefully the Royal Exchange and An Essay On man2 pls preview Johnson’s The Preface to Shakespeare; and Fielding’s Tom Jones.Homework week 141. How many periodicals did S Johnson publish?2. How did he compile A Dictionary of English Language? what is the significance of A Letter to the Right Honorable The Earl of Chesterfield?3. How many careers did Henry Fielding go in for? And what are his achievements for each career?4. How many novels did Fielding write altogether?5. What is the special genre did Fielding create in Tom Jones?6. How many parts can Tom Jones be divided into? And what does each part mainly deal with? And What aspect of English society does each part represent ?Homework week 15:1. Of what school was Thomas Gray a representative poet?2. In what way do the poets of this school deviate from the neo-classic rules?3. In What tradition is Sherid an’s masterpiece the School of Scandal written?4. What does Sheridan mainly expose in this play?5. Pls recite the first four stanzas of Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard.Homework week 16:1. What are the features of Burns’s poems?2. Please read Is There for Honest Poverty and answer: What kind of feeling is conveyed in this poem? And what is Burns’s attitude towards both the rich and the poor respectively?3. Please recite A Red, Red Rose.4. In what way(s) do the Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience reflect the world respectively?5. What are the features of William Blake’s poetry?6. What kind of picture of the society has been drawn in London?7. pls recite The Lamb and The Tiger.。
英国文学试题及答案
英国文学试题及答案在英国文学领域有许多经典作品和重要的作家，这些作品和作家对于英国文学的发展产生了深远影响。
本篇文章将为您介绍一些英国文学的试题及答案，希望能够对您的学习有所帮助。
试题一：请简要介绍威廉·莎士比亚的作品和他在英国文学中的地位。
答案：威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）被认为是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧作家之一。
他的作品包括戏剧、诗歌和史诗。
莎士比亚共创作了37个戏剧作品，包括悲剧、喜剧、历史剧和十四行诗。
他的作品以丰富的人物形象、深入的情感描写和复杂的剧情而闻名。
莎士比亚的作品深刻地揭示了人性的善恶、爱恨和欲望等诸多主题，对于英国文学及全球文学的发展都产生了巨大影响。
试题二：简要介绍查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》及其在英国文学中的地位。
答案：《雾都孤儿》是查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）的一部重要小说作品。
这部小说于1859年首次出版，以伦敦的贫民窟为背景，通过讲述主人公奥利弗·特威斯特的成长历程，揭示了当时社会的不公和贫困问题。
《雾都孤儿》描写了贫富悬殊、社会阶级问题以及人性的善恶等主题，对于英国社会的改革起到了重要的推动作用。
该小说深受读者的喜爱，被誉为狄更斯最伟大的作品之一，也是英国文学中的经典之作。
试题三：请简要介绍简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》及其在英国文学中的地位。
答案：《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）的代表作之一，被视为英国文学史上最伟大的小说之一。
这部小说于1813年首次出版，以描写19世纪英国社会的阶级观念和婚姻观念为主题。
《傲慢与偏见》通过讲述女主人公伊丽莎白·本内特与达西先生之间的爱情故事，探讨了社会的偏见、男女间的相互误解以及人性的盲目等问题。
奥斯汀以幽默和讽刺的手法展现了社会的虚伪和愚昧，对当时英国社会的改革产生了积极的影响。
通过以上试题及答案，我们可以了解到威廉·莎士比亚、查尔斯·狄更斯和简·奥斯汀等作家对于英国文学的重要地位以及他们作品所揭示的社会问题和人性的思考。
(完整word版)英国文学复习填空题全
Chapter 1 The Anglo—Saxon Period1 The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the Celts, who originally lived in the upper Rhineland and migrated to the British Isles about 600 B。
C。
2. About 400 to 300 B。
C. ，the Brythons，a branch of the Celts，came to the British Isles and from them came the name Britain。
The culture of the Celts belonged to an early stage of the iron age.3 From 55 B。
C。
to 407 A。
D. , the British Isles were under the rule of the Roman Empire。
At that time the Roman Empire was a slave society。
4 It ruled over Europe and had a high level of the civilization. The Romans defeated the Celts and became the master of the British Isles. It was during the Roman occupation that London was founded。
5 The first Roman general who came to British was the famous Julius Caesar who crossed the Dover Strait in 55 B. C。
英国文学史复习题之名词解释
（0091）《英国文学史》复习思考题答案I. Write out the authors’ names of the following works. (20)1 William Shakespeare《Romeo and Juliet》2 Henry Fielding《Tom Jones》3 Charlotte Bronte《Jane Eyre》4 Daniel Defoe《Robinson Crusoe》5 Robert Burns《A Red Red, Rose》6 Oscar Wilde《The Importance of Being Earnest》7 George Bernard Shaw 《Mrs. Warren’s Profession》8 Virginia Woolf《To the Lighthouse》9 Lord Byron《Don Juan》10 John Keats《Ode to the Nightingale》11 William Shakespeare 《Macbeth》12 Jonathan Swift《Gullive r’s Travels》13 William Thackery《Vanity Fair 》14 Emily Bronte《Wuthering Heights》15 Charles Dickens 《A Tale of Two Cities》16 Thomas Hardy《Tess of the D’Urberviles》17 James Joyce《Ulysses》18 George Eliot《Silas Marner》19 Lord Byron《Don Juan》20 Percy Shelley《Ode to the West Wind》II. Define the following literary terms. (20)1、Iambic pentameter is a meter in poetry, consisting of an unrhymed line with five iambs or feet (hence pentameter), felt by many to be the most powerful of all metrical forms in English poetry. Shakespeare excelled in the use of iambic pentameter (as in his famous Sonnet XVIII, beginning "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?”2、Heroic couplet:a rhyming couplet in iambic pentameter. It is also called riding rhyme, rhymed 5-beat lines, or rhymed decasyllables. It is one of the most popular metrical forms in English poetry. Though its origin is uncertain, heroic couplet is generally assumed to be introduced by Chaucer. Characteristics exhibited by heroic couplet include epigrammatic expression, balanced sentences, parallel construction, concise diction, use of antithesis, and medial pause. Two types of heroic couplets can be distinguished: closed heroic couplet and open heroic couplet. The former is a complete sentence with a full stop at the end of the second rhyme. The latter is one in which a sentence extends from one couplet to another.3、Courtly love: an idealized love in some medieval literature and chivalric society. It has its origin in the works of Plato, in Ovid’s Ars Amatoria, and in Andreas Capellanus’s De Arte Honeste Amandi. It owes its development to the medieval devotion to the Virgin Mary. Courtly love celebrates the beauty, virtues and ennobling power of women. It adds to the rise of women’sposition and offers a philosophical and religious interpretation of love and its function. Apart from noble passions and persistent pursuit, courtly love aims at the moral perfection of the lover. Love is essentially treated as a motivating power, directing the lover toward moral progress and spiritual development. Other elements of courtly love are humility and courtesy on the part of the lover, adultery between the man and his beloved mistress, and a great respect for the lady. Courtly love was popular first in France among the troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries. In England, those who wrote in this tradition were Chaucer, Sidney, Spenser and Shakespeare. Examples are Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde and the sonnets written by Shakespeare and Spenser.4、Literature of the Absurd:a term associated with modern literature, criticism, and philosophy. It is applied to describe the meaninglessness of human existence in a world that is alien and incomprehensible. Deprived of their old beliefs and cut off from their past, human beings are in a state of complete isolation and confusion. Literature of the absurd has Existentialism as its philosophical background and is most fruitful in drama and novel. The idea that man and his existence are absurd is best illustrated in the works of Camus, Beckett, Ionesco, Adamov, Albee, Heller, Pynchon, and V onnegut.5、Ballad: a narrative poem in short stanzas about heroic or tragic deeds; or a song that tells a romantic or sentimental story. There are mainly two kinds of ballads: the folk ballad and the literary ballad. The folk or popular ballad is without authorship and is of oral tradition. It might be composed by an individual or a community. It is intended to be sung or recited before the public. Ballads of oral tradition are not written down until many years later. And its language is simple and even unliterary. Folk ballad belongs to the Middle Ages. The literary or art ballad is with known authorship and has a definite moral purpose. Ballads of this type are usually imitations of medieval popular ballads. They are written down at the start. Many Romantic poets of the 19th century wrote literary ballads. Both folk and literary ballads share the following similarities: (a) simple and familiar language; (b) having adventure, love or war as the subject matter; (c) telling story through dialogue; (d) little description; (e) strong supernatural elements; (f) frequent use of repetition and parallelism; (g) having rhyme, assonance and the like; (h) impersonal narrator; (I) lyrical, romantic, sentimental or tragic qualities; and (j) the ballad writer getting his inspiration from folklore, local or national history. In England, many ballads are about the border conflicts between English and Scottish people, or about the legends of Robin Hood and his merry men.Collections of ballads were once made by Bishop Percy who had Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Walter Scott who wrote Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, and Child who compiled The English and the Scottish Popular Ballads. Coleridge’s Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Wilde’s The Ballad of Reading Goal fall in the category of literary ballad. And there were more writers who wrote in the ballad style. They were Scott, Noyes, Macauley and Robert Service. Ballad as a poetic form is still alive today.6、Blank verse:poetry that does not rhyme but has iambic pentameter lines. Though not originated in England or America, it has been the most important and most widely used English verse form. Blank verse is popular because it is closest to the rhythm of daily English speech. Thus most English poems which are dramatic, reflective or narrative are in the form of blank verse. This verse was probably first used in England by Surrey who translated Aeneid, by Sackville and Norton who composed Gorboduc. It was developed and perfected by Marlowe, Shakespeare and Milton. In the 18th century, most poets favored heroic couplets. But Young and Thomson were able to write in the tradition of blank verse. The 19th century saw a renewed interest in this poetic form. Masters of blank verse included Wordsworth, Coleridge and Bryant. The fact that blank verse is still practiced by writers like T.S. Eliot, Yeats, Frost and Stevens shows how influential and favorable it really is.7、Comedy: In its literary sense, three meanings may be distinguished: (a) drama that amuses, written in the tradition of Greek and Roman comedy; (b) any work of literature in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance that has a happy ending; (c) by natural extension, works in every literary form that provoke laughter and smiles.Generally speaking, comedy is thought to be a less important form than tragedy. Thus, dramatic theories concerning comedy are small in number. Aristotle in his Poetics briefly defines comedy as “an imitation of men worse than the average.” It seeks to entertain and deals with “some defect…that is not painful or destructive.” Plato in his “Philebus” explains that “When we laugh at the folly of our friends,” we experience “pleasure.” Our la ughter is provoked by the harmless ignorance and absurdity of the comic character. Philip Sidney in Apologie for Poetrie says “Comedy is an imitation of the common errors of our life.” Walpole of the 18th century wrote: “This world is a comedy to those that think, a tragedy to those that feel.” And Byron had a famous statement: “All tragedies are finished by a death, / All comedies are ended by a marriage.” Otherscholars and critics who responded to comedy in one way or another include Henry Fielding, Sigmund Freud and George Meredith.8、Antihero:a main character in a story, novel, play or film who behaves in a completely different way from what people expect a hero to do. A non-hero is without the qualities and features of a traditional or old-fashioned hero. He is doomed to fail. Antiheroes of early days were Don Quixote, Macbeth, Rip Van Winkle, and Tristram Shandy. Examples of antiheroes in modern literature include Leopold Bloom, Jim Dixon, Jimmy Porter, Herzog, and Yassarian.III. Give brief answers to the following questions. (20)1.What is the national epic of the English people? And what was the most famousmedieval romance? (Beowulf; King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table)2.Who were the Lake Poets? (Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey)3.What is Metaphysical poetry?The poetry written by John Donne, George Herbert, Andrew Marvell, Henry Vaughan, and many other 17th century English poets. Their poetic works were characterized by original images, elaborate conceits, strange paradoxes, far-fetched imagery, wit, ingenuity, dialectical argument, complex themes, elliptical thoughts, flexibility of rhythm and meter, terse expression, and colloquial speech. These poets were similar in their attitude against the established conventions of Elizabethan love poetry. Broadly speaking, the term refers to any poetry that displays these qualities, any poetry that discusses metaphysics or the philosophy of knowledge and existence. Preoccupied with thoughts of death, sexual love and religious devotion, metaphysical poetry is philosophical, intellectual, psychological, analytical and bold.The term was used by John Dryden in his criticism of Donne’s overuse of philosophy. In Discourse of the Original and Progress of Satire Dryden thus spoke of Donne: “He affects the metaphysics not only in his satires, but in his amorous verses, where nature only should reign, and perplexes the minds of the fair sex with nice speculations of philosophy.” Later Dr Johnson chose the term to designate a peculiar poetic manner that he did not really approve. In Lives of the Poets, he regarded the metaphysical imagery as a sort of discordia concors through which “the most heterogeneous ideas are yoked by violence together.” What offended Johnson w as its pretension and lack of spontaneity. Discordia concors is, Johnson remarked, “a combination of dissimilar images or discovery of occult resemblances in things apparently unlike.” Ben Jonson said Donne“deserved hanging” for not recognizing accent. Th e intentional roughness, obscurity, strain and some other extremes of metaphysical poets had given them a bad reputation.John Donne was no doubt the leader of the school. But the most metaphysical were Cowley and Crashaw. Other important metaphysical poets included Traherne, Carew, Lovelace, Cleveland, Edward Taylor, Baudelaire, Rilke, T. S. Eliot, J. C. Ransom, Allen Tate, John Hollander, and so on.4. What are major women writers in English literature?(Jane Austen, the Bronte sisters, George Eliot, Mrs. Gaskell, Mrs. Browning, Virginia Woolf, and so on)5. What was Wordsworth’s definition for poetry?Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings; it takes its origin in emotion recollected in tranquility.6. What is Art for Art’s Sake?The theory that the fine arts are independent of social-historical reality and have nothing to do with moral or religious purposes. A work of art is free to seek beauty and its values are aesthetic. Aestheticism:a literary movement in the 19th century with “art for art’s sake” as its major doctrine. One of its important advocates was Oscar Wilde, who insisted upon the self-reliance, self-government, self-completeness and self-autonomy of literature. The origin of aestheticism can be traced back to the writers and philosophers of Germanic Romantic period—Goethe, Kant, Schiller, and Schelling. They held it to be true that art should be autonomous and independent of morality, politics, social reality, and other non-aesthetic standards. Kant emphasized the value of pure art and its disinterested existence. The idea that art must be separated from other things was advocated earlier in England by Coleridge, Carlyle, and Pater. In America there were Emerson and Allan Poe. Poe defined poetry as the “rhythmical creation of beauty” and condemned the “heresy of the didactic.” The Pre-Raphaelites such as Tennyson, Morris, Swinburne and Rossetti were closely related to aestheticism. They worked hard for the musical effects of pure poetry. They had a tendency to withdraw, or live i n the “ivory tower.” Gautier has been regarded as the first to experiment with aestheticism in a self-conscious manner. Other aesthetes were Baudelaire, Mallarmé, Dowson, etc. Aestheticism was a reaction against the 19th century English and American capitalism, industrialism, materialism, commercialism and realism.。
《英国文学选读》复习题
Part I: the Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1. Historical backgroundThe early inhabitants in the island we now call England were Britons, a tribe of Celts. From the Britons the island got its name —Britain, the land of Britons, who were a primitive people living in the tribal society.After the fall of the Roman Empire (410AD) and the withdrawal of Roman troops, the Teutonic tribes, esp., the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, conquered the island and called it Angle-land, then England.2. Literature：The Song of BeowulfThe Song of Beowulf = the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons or English people.The Song of Beowulf – Features1) The use of alliteration— the most striking one. In alliterative verse, certain accented words ina line begin with the same consonant sound. There are generally 4 accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration,2) ThemesIt can be concluded that this poem shows how the primitive people fight against the forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader. But it seems that all themes are part of a larger thematic scheme which centers upon the conflict between good and evil.Part II: The Anglo-Norman Period (1066—1350)1. Historical background: The Norman Conquest:After the battle of Hastings in 1066, came the French-speaking Normans under Duke William.1) Three chief effects of the Conquest: B✧The bringing of Roman civilization✧The growth of nationality – a strong centralized government✧The new language and literature2. Literature — Romance:1) The literature the Normans brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure, in remarkable contrast with the strength and somberness of the Anglo-Saxon poetry.2) Sir Gawain and the Green Knighta) The best of Arthurian romances, anonymous, in alliterative verseb) Theme: A test of man’s virtue and truthPart III: Geoffrey Chaucer (1340—1400)1. The Canterbury Tales1) The General Prologue:The tales begin with a general prologue, which provides a framework for the tales and comprises a group of vivid sketches of typical medieval figures.2) Chaucer’s contributions Aa. a master of realism: In his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales, all classes except the royalty and the poorest peasants are presented by the pilgrims. Every figure is drawn with the accuracy of a portrait. It is no exaggeration to say the Prologue supplies a miniature of the English society of Chaucer’s time.b. founder of English literary language: He did much in making the London dialect the foundation for modern English language. He was the first great poet who wrote in English language (Middle English), thus establishing English as the literary language.c. Father of English poetry: He introduced from Italy and France the metrical form - the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the heroic couplet, iambic pentameters with the lines rhyming in pairs.2. Popular Ballads - DefinitionA ballad is a folk song or orally transmitted poem telling in a direct and dramatic manner some popular story usually derived from a tragic incident in local history or legend. The story is told simply, impersonally, and often with vivid dialogue. Usually, a ballad is composed in four-line stanzas with the second and the fourth lines rhymed. The first and the third lines carry four accented syllables whereas the second and the fourth carry three.Ballads flourished particularly strongly in Scotland from the 15th century onward. Since the 18th century, educated poets outside the folk-song tradition —notably Coleridge and Goethe—have written imitations of the popular ballad's form and style: Coleridg e's ‘Rime of the Ancient Mariner’ (1798) is a celebrated example.3. William Langland and Piers the PlowmanPiers the Plowman is one of the greatest of English poems of Medieval times.Part IV: The Renaissance1. The Renaissance—a definitionRenaissance, or, the rebirth of letters, is an intellectual movement. It sprang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two features are striking of the movement. One is a thirsting curiosity for classical literature. The other feature is the keen interest in life and human activities. People ceased to look upon themselves as living only for God and a future world. Thinkers, artists and poets arose, who gave expression, (sometimes in an old guise, though) to the new feeling of admiration for human beauty and human achievement, a feeling in sharp contrast with medieval theology. Hence arose Humanism, the spreading of which indicates that the Renaissance is rather the flourishment of bourgeois art and literature.2. HumanismHumanism is the essence of the Renaissance. Renaissance humanists found in the classics ajustification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the impo r tance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.3. Thomas More1) The first of the English humanists was Sir Thomas More (1478-1535).2) The name “Utopia” comes from 2Greek words meaning “no place” and was adopted by More as the name of his ideal commonwealth. It has been since used to designate the ideal state.4. Francis Bacon (1561-1626)He introduced the essay as a literary form into the English language.5. New Poetic Forms1) The sonnet, an exact form of poetry in 14 lines of iambic pentameter, was introduced from Italy to England by Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard. The first twelve lines are intricately rhymed, which are followed by a heroic couplet. For the next half century, it was one of the most popular forms of English verse.2) In the translation of Vigil’s Adenoid, Henry Howard also wrote the first blank verse, a form of unrhymed iambic pentameters. This form was later masterly handled by Marlowe, Shakespeare and Milton.3) In writing The Faerie Queene, the “poet of the poets”Edmund Spenser devised a special verse form of Spenserian Stanza that consists of eight iambic pentameter lines followed by an iambic hexameter, with a rhyme scheme as ababbcbcc. Later, this form was also used by Byron in his Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage.6. Edmund Spenser (1552-1599)1) "The Faerie Queene” - The dominating thoughts of the poem are nationalism, humanism and Puritanism, all typical of the poet's age. But these new ideas are expressed under the guise of medieval knighthood.2) The publication of Spenser’s first work The Shepherd’s Calendar marked the budding of the Renaissance flower, the language then to be called Modern English, to distinguish from the Middle English of C haucer’s day.7. Christopher Marlowe1) The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama.2) The greatest of the pioneers was Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593), who reformed the genre in England and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works.3) It was Marlowe who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.4) Marlowe's best includes three of his plays, Tamburlaine (1587), The Jew of Malta (1592) andDoctor Faustus (1588).William Shakespeare (1564-1616)1. Shakespeare: the summit of the English Renaissance1) Four greatest tragedies: Hamlet / Othello / King Lear / Macbeth2. Hamlet1) Hamlet’s character and his revengeMelancholy is the key-note of his character.a) REVENGE: The triple wrongs on the part of Hamlet’s Uncle: murder, usurpation, incest. By meditation he knows revenge is easy, but not merely personal one. His mere revenge upon his uncle would in no way solve the problems that trouble and upset him; to expose the roots of the evil and to establish a reign of justice. He has to consider the fate of his country, not merely his personal wrongs.b) PURPOSE: delay killing Claudius to kill the soul as well as the body. If the revenge is done without exposure of Claudius’ wrong, then the abrupt de ath of the king might cause panic to the people and danger to the state. In other words, his melancholy shows his responsibility, for, he considers not his personal wrong but the fate, the future of his country.3. The Merchant of Venice1) Portia, a woman of the Renaissance - beautiful, prudent, cultured, courteous and capable of rising to an emergency. She is one of Shakespeare's ideal women.2) The most remarkable character in the play is Shylock the Jew. Shakespeare shows us everything of Shylock's meanness, cunning and cruelty, and yet his portrayal of the Jew enlists our sympathy.Part V The 17th Century1. John Donne (1572-1631)1) Donne’s poems can be divided into two categories: the youthful love lyrics and the later sacred verses.2. John Milton ( 1608 —1674)1) the second greatest poet of the English language2) the greatest writer of the17th century3) Paradise Lost = his masterpiece3. John Bunyan —Pilgrim’s ProgressPart VI The 18th Century1. Enlightenment Movement1) An intellectual movement that developed in Europe in the 17th century and reached its height in the 18th. The Enlightenment celebrated reason, equality, science and human beings’ ability toperfect themselves and their society.2) Characteristics of the EnlightenmentEmphasis on reason rather than authorityMan’s mind, not God’s wordEncouragement of scientific inquiryBelief in the perfectibility of Man3) In religion, it was against superstition, and dogmatism; in politics, it was against tyranny; and in society, it was against prejudice, ignorance, inequality, and any obstacles to the realization of an individual’s full intellectual and physical well-being. At the same time, they advocated universal education. In their opinion, human beings were limited, imperfect, and yet capable of rationality and perfection through education.2. Robinson CrusoeThemes of Robinson Crusoe: Glorification of the imperialist dream: Robinson = the prototype of the British Empire.3. Gulliver’s Travels4. Laurence SternHe has often been claimed as a precursor of modernist experiment: events not in chronological order, chapters blank, juggled punctuation marks, drawings instead of words sometimes.5. Thomas Gray (1716-1771)An Elegy Written in a Country Church Yard6. William Blake —“The Tyge r”“The question posed in the poem is whether God is the source of both good (the lamb) and evil (the tyger) in the world”.Prt VII Romantic English Literature1. English Romanticism begins in 1798with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s The Lyrical Ballads and ends in 1832 with Walter Scott’s death.2. Romanticism = a revolt of the English imagination against the neoclassicism reason3. Characteristics of RomanticismImagination / Idealization of Nature / Individualism / Glorification of the commonplace / The lure of the exotic4. Different perspectives about nature:—a healing power;—a source of subject and image;—a refuge from the artificial constructs of civilization.5. Wordsworth’s Preface (1800) to Lyrical Ballads is the manifesto of English Romanticism.Multiple choice1. As the representative of the Enlightenment, Pope was one of the first to introduce ________ to England.A. rationalismB. romanticismC. criticismD. realism2. “Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.” This sentence appears in ________.A. The Advancement of LearningB. A Dictionary of the English LanguageC. An Essay on CriticismD. Of Studies3. Which of the following works does not belong to John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. AdonaisD. Llycidas4. Which of the following is true about the book Gulliver’s Travels?A. It is a study of human nature and life.B. It has high artistic skills in making the story an organic whole.C. It makes criticisms and satires of all aspects in the contemporary English and European life.D. It is not a book of satire though it is a book of rebellion.5. _____ has been regarded as the best comedy since Shakespeare.A. The RivalsB. The School for ScandalC. St. Patrick’s DayD. The Duenna6. William Langland’s _______is written in the form of a dream vision.A. Kubla KhanB. Piers the PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. The Faerie Queene7. "The School for Scandal" by Richard Brinsley Sheridan has been regarded as the best ______ since Shakespeare.A. tragedyB. comedyC. proseD. fable8. Which of the following statements is true about the metaphysical poets?A. The diction of their writing is comparatively lengthy.B. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet’s beloved, with God, or with himself.C. They tried to be reconciled with the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry.D. The imagery is usually drawn from the ideal life.。
英国文学选择题
英国文学选择题以下是一些关于英国文学的选择题样例：以下哪位作家是《傲慢与偏见》的作者？
A. 简·奥斯汀
B. 查尔斯·狄更斯
C. 莎士比亚
D. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫
《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是哪位剧作家的作品？
A. 简·奥斯汀
B. 威廉·莎士比亚
C. 查尔斯·狄更斯
D. 约翰·弥尔顿
以下哪部作品不是简·奥斯汀的作品？
A. 《理智与情感》
B. 《傲慢与偏见》
C. 《雾都孤儿》
D. 《劝导》
《雾都孤儿》的作者是谁？
A. 查尔斯·狄更斯
B. 简·奥斯汀
C. 威廉·莎士比亚
D. 约翰·弥尔顿
《尤利西斯》是哪位作家的作品？
A. 詹姆斯·乔伊斯
B. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫
C. 查尔斯·狄更斯
D. 威廉·布莱克
这些题目旨在测试对英国文学作家及其作品的了解。
每个选项都包含了不同的作家和作品，你需要根据已有的文学知识来选择正确的答案。
请注意，这些题目仅作为样例，实际的选择题可能涉及更广泛的文学知识和不同的作品。
英国文学 名词解释 简答题 期末复习
Literary Terms1.Epic: a long narrative celebrating the great deeds of one or more legendary heroes,in a grand ceremonious style./ a long verse narrative dealing with important historical or legendary figures or events.2.Alliteration: the repetition of the same sounds-usually initial consonants of wordsor of stressed syllables-in any sequence of neighboring of words./ the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of words in a line of a poem.3.Middle English：The English language in the transitional stage from old Englishto modern English through some four centuries (12-15) of development and change has been known as Middle English.4.Blank verse: the unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter.5.Renaissance: the ―rebirth‖of literature, art, and learning that progressivelytransformed European culture from the mid-14th century in Italy to the mid-17th century in England, strongly influenced by the rediscovery of classical Greek and Latin literature, and accelerated by the development of printing. The Renaissance is commonly held to mark the close of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the modern Western world.6.Humanism: a 19th century term for the values and ideal of the EuropeanRenaissance, which placed a new emphasis on the expansion of human capacities.Reviving the study of Greek and Roman history, arts, and philosophy, the Renaissance humanists developed an image of ―Man‖ more positive and hopeful than that of medieval ascetic Christianity: rather than a miserable sinner awaiting redemption from a pit of fleshly corruption.7.Anglo-Norman Romance: a fictional story in verse or prose that relatesimprobable adventures of idealized characters in some remote or enchanted setting;or, more generally, a tendency in fiction opposite to that of realism. / ―Romance‖in this period refers to some verse narrative that sings of knightly adventures or other heroic deeds and usually emphasizes the chivalric love of the Middle Ages in England.8.Allegory：a story in which the characters and events are used as symbols toexpress some religious, political or moral idea.9.Heroic Couplets: a rhymed pair of iambic pentameter lines. / lines of iambicpentameter in rhyming couplets.10.Ballads: are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oraltransmission. They are most characteristic of primitive societies of the English –Scottish border region in the later Middle Ages. The story is told simply, briefly, impersonally, and often with vivid dialogue.11.Ballad Meter: ballad meter contains 4- line stanzas, with the alternation of 4-and3- feet verse to the odd and even numbered lines (sometimes all four lines are in octosyllabics), and rhyming on the second and fourth lines12.Neoclassicism: as a rule, often employed against Romanticism, the term has alsobeen used to describe the characteristic world-view of the Age of Reason, denoting a preference fro rationality, clarity, restraint, order, and decorum, and forgeneral truths rather than particular insights.13.Spenserian Stanza: an English poetic stanza of nine iambic lines, the first eightbeing pentameters while the ninth is a longer line. The rhyme scheme is ababbcbcc. The stanza is named after Edmund Spenser. / a nine-line stanza with the rhyme scheme of ababbcbcc with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter and the last line in hexameter.14.One- man tragedy: begins with the rise of the hero from his humble origin to thezenith of his success and ends with his downfall or death.15.Metaphysical Poets: the name given to a diverse group of 17th century Englishpoets whose work is notable for its ingenious use of intellectual and theological concepts in surprising conceits, strange paradoxes, and far-fetched imagery. The leading poet is John Donne.edy of Manners: a kind of comedy representing the complex andsophisticated code of behavior current in fashionable circles of society, where appearances count for more than true moral character. Its plot usually revolves around intrigues of lust and greed, the self-interested cynicism of the characters being masked by decorous pretence.17.Gothic Novel: a story of terror and suspense, usually set in a gloomy old castle ormonastery.18.Sonnet: a lyric poem comprising 14 rhyming lines of equal length, iambicpentameters in English.19.University Wits:a group of English poets and playwrights who establishedthemselves in London in the 1580s and 1590s after attending at either Oxford or Cambridge. The most important member of the group was Christopher Marlowe. A1．Please make some comments upon the great significances and the progressive views on man in Geoffrey Chaucer’s ―The Canterbury Tales‖.2. Please summarize ―Paradise Lost‖briefly and illustrate the importance of John Milton in the English literary history.B3. Please give a brief introduction of William Shakespeare and his Hamlet. It must contain a general comment on Shakespeare, a summary of the drama, the theme of the drama, and Shakespeare’s literary innovation in Hamlet.4. Please summarize briefly the main literary characteristics in the age of Enlightenment.A1.Chaucer’s masterpiece, ―The Canterbury Tales’ is one of the most famous works in all literature. (2) It is characterized by the principle of realism and humanism.(3) In it, Chaucer created a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of his time and his country, and irony and freedom of views reached such a high level of power that it had no equal in all the English literature up to the 16th century. (5) As a representative of a transitional period, Chaucer is not entirely devoid of medieval prejudices.(2) His work is permeated with free-thinking, so characteristic of the age of Renaissance whose immediate forerunner Chaucer thus becomes.(2) He believes in the right ofman to earthly happiness.(2) He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions and a blind belief in fate.(2) He is always keen to praise man’s energy, skills, intellect, quick wit and the love for life. (2)2．The poem opens with the description of a meeting among the angels. The freedom-loving Satan and his followers are banished from heavenly domains and sequestered into the nether world. Satan and his adherents are not discouraged, and also strive for victory. Satan chooses the Garden of Eden as the battle-field, where there live in innocent bliss the first man and woman, Adam and Eve. Satan desired to tear them away from the influence of God and to make them instrumental in his struggle against God’s authority. (5) God learns of his intention, however, and sends the Archangel Raphael to warn Adam and Eve of Satan’s vile project. No sooner is he gone than Satan assumes the shape of a serpent and appears before Eve. By cunning and crafty speeches he persuades her to break God’s interdiction. (5) Eve eats an apple from the forbidden tree and plucks another one for Adam. God sees their misdemeanor and administrators his unwavering justice; they are deprived of immortality, exiled from Paradises and doomed to an earthly life full of privations and sufferings. The poem ends in Adam’s and Eve’s banishment from Paradise. (5)John Milton's literary career cast a formidable shadow over English poetry in the 18th and 19th centuries; he was often judged equal or superior to all other English poets, including Shakespeare. The influence of Milton's poetry and personality on the literature of the Romantic era was profound. Aside from his importance to literary history, Milton's career has influenced the modern world in other ways. (5)B:3. The greatest of all English authors, William Shakespeare belongs to those rare geniuses of mankind who have become landmarks in the history of world culture. Meanwhile, he was one of the first founders of realism, a masterhand at realistic portrayal of human characters and relations. (5)Hamlet is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1599 and 1601. The play, set in Denmark, recounts how Prince Hamlet exacts revenge on his uncle Claudius, who has murdered Hamlet’s father, the King, and then taken the throne and married Hamlet’s mother.(5) The play vividly charts the course of real and feigned madness—from overwhelming grief to seething rage—and explores themes of treachery, revenge, incest, and moral corruption. (5) Under Shakespeare’s pen, Hamlet as a medieval story assumed new meaning and significance. Danish names could not hide from the spectators and readers the fact that it was English which the great writer described in his play. The whole tragedy is permeated with the spirit of Shakespeare’s own time. Hamlet is the profoundest expression of Shakespeare’s humanism and his criticism of contemporary life. (5)4. It is simply for convenience that we study 18th century writings in three main divisions: the reign of so-called classicism, the revival of romantic poetry, and the beginning of the modern novel. As a whole, it is an age of prose rather than of poetry, and in this respect it differs from all preceding ages of English literature. (5)The main representative of the classicism poetry is Alexander Pope (1688-1744), who was a man of extraordinary wit and extensive learning, and his contemporaries considered him as the highest authority in matters of literary arts. Among his other contributions, he elaborated certain regulations for the style of poetical works and made popular the heroic couplets in which he wrote the greater part of his poems. (5)The image of an enterprising Englishman of the 18thcentury was created by Daniel Defoe in his famous novel Robinson Crusoe. It was one of the forerunners of the English 18th century realistic novel. But it was Henry Fielding and Tobias George Smollet who became the real founders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel in England and Europe. (5)Another conspicuous trend in the English literature of the latter half of the 18th century was the pre-romanticism. It originated among the conservative groups of men of letters as a reaction against Enlightenment and found its most manifest expression in the ―Gothic novel‖. William Blake (1757-1821) and Robert Burns (1759-1796) serve as two forerunners of the Romanticism. (5)。
英国文学复习题
LiteratureI. Fill in the blanks（15空）II. Choose the best answer for each blank.（10空）1. After the fall of the Roman Empire帝国and the withdrawal撤退of Roman troops from Albion，the aboriginal土著的Celtic凯尔特人population of the larger part of the island was soon conquered 征服and almost totally exterminated by the Teutonic日耳曼人的tribes of Angles，Saxons ，and Jutes who came from the continent and settled in the island，naming its central part England.2. For nearly 400 years prior to the coming of the English，British had been a Roman province. In 410A.D. ，the Rome withdrew撤回their legions古罗马军团from Britain to protect herself against swarms of T eutonic invaders.3. The literature of early period falls naturally into two divisions，pagan异教徒and Christian . The former represents the poetry which the Anglo-Saxons probably brought with them in the form of oral sagas长篇英雄故事，the crude material out of which literature was slowly developed on English soil；the later represents the writings developed under the teaching of the monks .4. Among the early Anglo-Saxon poets we may mention Caedmon who lived in the latter half of the 7th century and who wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible.5.The Song of Beowulf can be justly termed称为England’s national epic and its hero Beowulf ——one of the national heroes of the English people.6.The Song of Beowulf reflects events which took place on the Continent approximately at the beginning of the 6th century，when the forefathers of the Jutes lived in the southern part of the __Scandinavian peninsula_斯堪的纳维亚半岛_and maintained close relations with kindred tribes，e.g. With the __Danes__ who lived on the other side of the straits.7. In the year__1066___，at the battle of __Hastings ___，the ___Normans____ headed by William，Duke of Normandy，defeated the Anglo-Saxons.8. In the tenth century the Normans conquered a part of northern France, which is still called Normandy, and rapidly adopted采纳French civilization and the French language.9.The literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure冒险,in marked contrast with the strength力量and somberness忧郁of Anglo- Saxon poetry.10. (英语的形成) Anglo-Saxon speech simplified简化itself by dropping of its Teutonic inflections, absorbed eventually a large part of the French vocabulary, and became the English language.10. English literature is also a combination of _French__and__Saxon__ elements.（选）11. At first the new literature was remarkably varied, but of small intrinsic本质的worth; and very little of it is now read. In our study we have noted (a) Geoffrey’s History, which is valuable as a source book of literature, since it contains the native Celtic legends of Arthur; (b) the work of the French writers, who made the Arthurian亚瑟王的legends popular; (c) Riming Chronicles编年史, i.e. history in doggerel打油诗verse, like Laysmon’s Brut; (d) Metrical Romances韵律拉丁语, or tales in verse.12. In contradistinction to the alliterative verse of Anglo-Saxon poetry，Chaucer chose the metrical form which laid the foundation of the English tonico-syllbic verse.13. Chaucer’s masterpiece is The Canterbury Tales，one of the most famous works in all literature. He created a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of his time and his country in this poem.14. Ballads are anonymous匿名的narrative songs that have been preserved加工by oral transmission口头相传.（了解选择）15. The 16th century in England was繁荣昌盛的prosperous and flourishing. 出现：（1）the gentry新贵，the main supporters of the absolute monarchy君主制度. （2）the class of bourgeoisie中产阶级.（选择）16. The revolution of 1688 meant three things: (1) the supremacy of Parliament至高无上的议会; (2) the beginning of modern England; (3) the final triumph胜利of the principle of political liberty自由of Puritan清教徒17. John Donne——metaphysical poet 玄学诗18.John Bunyan——biblical allegory圣经寓言（biblical include biblical allegorical epic叙事诗and biblical allegory）（选择）19. The Puritan Age was one of confusion. The Puritan believed in simplicity朴素of life.11.There are various kinds of ballads __historical_____，__legendary____，_fantastical_____，__lyrical___，and__humorous____.12. The name of the “jolly innkeeper” in The Canterbury Tales is__Harry Baily____，who proposes that each pilgrim of the_group___ should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two more on the way back.14. Shakespeare’s first original play written in about 1590 was__King Henry VI_.15.Hamlet，Othello，King Lear，and _Macbeth______ are generally regarded as Shakespeare’s four great tragedies.16. Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of __Queen Elizabeth I____.17. Bacon’s works may be divided into three classes，the__philosophical____，the _literary______，the__professional_____ works.18. Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of the English national state this period is marked by a flourishing of national culture known as the___Renaissance______.19. Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest epic poem of __The Fairy Queen_____.20. Anglo-Saxon poets typically used _alliterative______verse, a form of verse that uses __alliteration______ as the principal structuring device to unify lines of poetry.21. The British legend of King Arthur was important in defining the ideal of __chivalry_____which is essential to the European concept of the knight as an elite warrior who swear to uphold the values of _faith____, _courage_____, __loyalty_____ and honor.22. As a literary genre of high culture, __ Romance is a style ofheroic prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe. They were fantastic stories about the marvelous adventures of a chivalrous, heroic knight errant, often of super-human ability, who often goes on a quest.23. ________Iambic pentameter____ is a line made up of five pairs of short/long, or unstressed/stressed, syllables.24. A____heroic couplet____ is a traditional form for English poetry constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of ___iambic pentameter_______ lines. Use of the ______heroic couplet____ was first pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer in the Legend of Good Women and the Canterbury Tales. Chaucer is also widely credited with first extensive use of ____iambic pentameter_______.25. _An epic _____ is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarilyconcerning ____a serious subject__________ containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a ___culture_____ or nation.26. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer believes in the right ofman to ___earthly happiness_______. He is anxious to see man freed from _____superstitions and a blind belief in ___fate__. He is also keen to praise man’s __energy____,adroitness, __intellect_________, quick wit and the love for __life______.27. ____Ballad_____ is generally a narrative poem of no greatlength, without any known author or any mark of individual authorship.28. ______Blank verse___ is a type of poetry, distinguished byhaving a regular meter, but no rhyme. This technique releases the new power and ____flexibility______ of the poetry.29. A _______sonnet__ consists of 14 lines, and each line iswritten in iambic pentameter in which a pattern of an unemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five times. The rhyme scheme is _ABAB CDCD EFEF GG________________.30. Francis Bacon, a representative of the Renaissance inEngland, is a well-known philosophy, scientist and writer. His “____Essays_ _” is the first example of the genre in English literature, recognized as an important landmark in the development of prose.II. Choose the best answer for each blank.1.The most important work of ____A___ is the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles，which is regarded as the best monument of the oldEnglish prose.a. Alfred the Greatb. Caedmonc. Cynewulfd. Venerable Bede2. Who is the monster half-human who had mingled thirty warriors in The Song of Beowulf？Ca. Hrothgat.b. Heorot.c. Grendel.d. Beowulf.3. _A____is the first important religious poet in English Literature.a. Cynewulfb.Caedmonc. Shakespeare.d. Adam Bede4. Who is the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England？Ba. Christopher Marlowb. Geoffrey Chaucerc. W. Shakespeared. Alfred the Great5. Chaucer’s earliest work of any length is his “_C_____” a translation of the French “Roman de la Rose” by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung，which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but through Europe.a. Troilus and Criseydeb. A Red, Red Rosec. Romance of the Rosed. Piers the PlowmanIII. 连线题1. Thomas More——Utopia——put forward his ideal of a futurehappy society2. Francis Bacon——essays 散文3. Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard——first to introduce thesonnet into English literature.4. Edmund Spenser——the greatest epic poem of the time TheFairy Queen.5. John Lyly——“euphuism”华丽辞藻6. Christopher Marlowe——made blank verse the principalvehicle of expression in drama.把无韵诗变成戏剧基本表达形式7. John Bunyan——biblical allegory圣经寓言8. Richard Steele——a moralistic journal The Spectator9. Alexander Pope——“whatever is, is right”——prosody韵文学10. Daniel Defoe——Robinson Crusoe11. Henry Fielding and Tobias George Smollet ——the realfounders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel现实主义12. Samuel Richardson ——enriched European literature withthe method of psychological analysis心理分析; display an interest in the innermost最深处最隐私的life of an individual.13. Jonathan Swift ——Gulliver’s Travels.14. Richard B. Sheridan ——School for Scandal造谣学校15. (sentimentalism感伤主义) Oliver Goldsmith ——The Vicar ofWakefield16. (sentimentalism感伤主义) Thomas Gray ——ElegyDecide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.1. （F）The author of The Song of Beowulf is Cynewulf.2. （ F ）The setting of The Song of Beowulf is in Scotland.3. （T ）The author of Paraphrase is Caedmon.4.（T ）The 32 pilgrims，according to Chaucer’s plan，was to exceed that of Brancaccio’s Decahedron.5. （F）The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of Romantic portray，the first of its kind in the history of English literature.6. （ F ）The Canterbury Tales is a vivid and brilliant reflection of 15th century in England.7. （T）Chaucer’s poetry traces out a path to the literature of English Renaissance.IV. Define the literary terms listed below.1.Alliteration: the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of words that are close together ,as in sing a song of sixpence.2. Epic: is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerninga serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation.I. Fill in the following blanks.II. Define the literature terms listed below.1. Canto: one of the sections of a long poem/one of the parts into which a very long poem is divided.2. Legend:a story from ancient times about people and events, that may or may be not true.3. Arthurian Legend.(亚瑟，欧洲古老传说中的不列颠王.)III. Read the excerpt of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Carefully，and then make a brief comment on it.IV. Answer the following questions.1.What is the consequence of the Norman Conquest？2. Make a brief survey of the Middle English literature.I. Fill in the following blanks.II. Choose the best answer.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets.IV. Define the literary terms listed below.1. Romance: is a literary form in medieval England about the stories of knights. It’s a long narrative composition in verse or in prose. In the romance, it reflects the noble life, reflecting three kinds of matters.2. Ballad: Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission.3. English Renaissance: P664. Sonnet: A Shakespearean ,or English sonnet consists of 14 lines, each line contains ten syllables, and each line is written in iambic pentameter in which a Patten of an unemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five time. The rhyme scheme in a Shakespean sonnet is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG.5. Blank Verse: is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no rhyme, usually with ten syllables and five stresses in each line syllables.。
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Part One Early and Medieval English LiteratureⅠ. Fill in the blanks.1. In 1066, ____, with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeatingEngland.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius2. In the 14th century, the most important writer (poet) is ____ .A. LanglandB. WycliffeC. GowerD. Chaucer3. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is ____.A. novelB. dramaC. romanceD. essay4. The story of ___ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales5. William Langland’s ____ is written in the form of a dream vision.A. Kubla KhanB. Piers the PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. Morte d’Arthur6. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. TheNormans spoke _____.A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Swedish7. ______ was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator ofthe Bible.A. LanglandB. GowerC. WycliffeD. Chaucer8. Piers the Plowman describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed,through which, we can see a picture of the life in the ____ England.A. primitiveB. feudalC. bourgeoisD. modern9. The theme of ____ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.A. loyaltyB. revoltC. obedienceD. mockery10. The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendaryoutlaw called _____.A. Morte d’ArthurB. Robin HoodC. The Canterbury TalesD. Piers the Plowman11. ______, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets ofEngland, was born in London in about 1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden12. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in ____.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey13. Chaucer’s earliest work of any length is his _____, a translation of the FrenchRoman de la Rose by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe.A. The Romaunt of the RoseB. “A Red, Red Rose”C. The Legend of Good WomenD. The Book of the Duchess14. In his lifetime Chaucer served in a great variety of occupations that had impact onthe wide range of his writings. Which one is not his career? ____.A. engineerB. courtierC. office holderD. soldierE. ambassadorF. legislator (议员)15. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named _____ based on Boccaccio’spoem “Filostrato”.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Troilus and CriseydeC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. BeowulfKey to the multiple choices：1-5 ADCAB 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 ADAABⅡ. Questions1.What are the features of Beowulf?ment on the social significance and language in The Canterbury Tales.Part Two The English RenaissanceⅠ. Match the writer and his works.1.Thomas More2.Holinshed3.Hakluyt4.Richard Tottel5.Philip Sidney6.Walter Raleigh A.Apology for PoetryB.Miscellany of Songs and SonnetsC.UtopiaD.Discovery of GuianaE.Principal Navigations, V oyages and DiscoveriesF.ChroniclesThe key: (1—C 2—F 3—E 4—B 5—A 6—D)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.1._____ founded the Tudor Dynasty, a centralized monarchy of a totally new type,which met the needs of the rising bourgeoisie.A. Henry VB. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. James I2.The first complete English Bible was translated by _______, “the morning star ofthe Reformation” and his followers.A. William TyndalB. James IC. John WycliffeD. Bishop Lancelot Andrews3.The progress in industry at home stimulated the commercial expansion abroad.____ encouraged exploration and travel, which were compatible with the interests of the English merchants.A. Henry V.B. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. Queen Elizabeth4.Except being a victory of England over ___, the rout of the fleet “Armada”(Invincible) was also the triumph of the rising young bourgeoisie over the declining old feudalism.A. SpainB. FranceC. AmericaD. Norway5.Those, both traders and pirates like ____, established the first English colonies.A. Francis DrakeB. Lancelot AndrewsC. William CaxtonD. William Tyndal6.____ was a forerunner of classicism in English literature.A. Ben JohnsonB. William ShakespeareC. Thomas MoreD. Christopher Marlowe7.The most gifted of the “university wits” was ____.A. LylyB. PeeleC. GreeneD. Marlowe8.Morality plays appeared after_____.A. miracle playsB. mystery playsC. interludeD. Classical plays9._____ is used to say and do good things.A. MercyB. FollyC. ViceD. Peace10._____is one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.A. Phillip SidneyB. Edmund SpenserC. Thomas MoreD. Walter Raleigh11._____ is not a famous translator in the English Renaissance.A. Thomas NorthB. Thomas WyattC. George ChapmanD. John Florio12.____ had supplied Shakespeare with the material for Julius Caesar.A.Lives of Greek and Roan Heroes《希腊罗马名人传》B.Miscellany of Songs and SonnetsC.Don QuixoteD.History of the World13.____ was one of the first to see the relation between wealth and poverty tounderstand that the rich were becoming richer by robbing the poor.A. John WycliffeB. William CaxtonC. Geoffrey ChaucerD. Thomas More14.Utopia was written in the form of _____.A. proseB. dramaC. essayD. dialogue15.One of the popular morality plays was ____.A. The ShepherdsB. EverymanC. The Play of the WeatherD. Gammer Gurton’s Needle16.Shakespeare’s plays written between _____ are sometimes called “romances” andall end in reconciliation and reunion.A. 1590 and 1594B. 1595 and 1600C. 1601 and 1607D. 1608 and 161217.Miranda is a heroine in Shakespeare’s ______.A. PericlesB. CymbelineC. The Winter’s TaleD. The Tempest18.In _____ appeared Shakespeare’s Sonnet，Never before Imprinted（《莎士比亚十四行诗》“迄今从未刊印过”）which contains 154 sonnets.A. 1606B. 1607C. 1608 160919.Shakespeare is one of the founders of ____.A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. classicism20.Among many poetic forms, Shakespeare was especially at home (good at) withthe _______.A. dramatic blank verseB. songC. sonnetD. couplet21.In the plays, Shakespeare used about ______words.A. 15000B. 16000C. 17000D. 1800022._____has been called the summit of the English Renaissance.A. Christopher MarlowB. Francis BaconC. W. ShakespeareD. Ben JohnsonKey to the multiple choices:1-5 BCDAA 6-10 DDCBA 11-15 BDADA 16-22 ACBADDBⅢ. Fill in the blanks.1.The ____ was universally used by the Catholic Churches.2.The English translation of the Bible emerged as a result of the struggle between____ and ___.3.The Bible was notably translated into English by the ____.4.The first complete Engl ish Bible was translated by ____, “the morning star of the_____”.5._____ translated the New Testament and portions of the Old Testament, which isknown as Tyndale’s Bible.6.After Tydale’s Bible, then appeared the ______, which was made in 1611 underthe auspices of _____. And so was sometimes called the ____.7.Apart from the religious influence, the Authorized Version has had a greatinfluence on English ___ and ____.8.With the widespread influence of the English Bible, the standard modern Englishhas been _____ and _____.9. A great number of ____and phrases have passed into daily English speech ashousehold words.10.The ____and ____ language of the Authorized Version has colored the style ofthe English prose for the last 300 years.11.____ was the first English printer.12.William Caxton was a prosperous merchant himself, but he was fond of ___ , andhis interest was turning to ____.13.He translated The Recuyell of Historyes of Troy into English from French whichwas the ___ book printed in English.14.The Recuyell served as a source for ____ Troilus and Cressida. 《特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达》15.After having established his printing press, William Caxton devoted himself tothe career of a ____ and _____.16.William Caxton published about ____ books, ___ of which were translated byhimself.17.By rendering (翻译) French books into English, Caxton exercised the youthfullanguage in the airs (曲调), the graces, the crafts of the elder and contributed tothe development of the style of ___ century English ____.18.The influence of Caxton’s publications is also great in fixing a ____ language inEngland.19.As the first English printer, Caxton invented in England the profession of ____,which in fact has had a lasting significance to the development of English ___ asa whole.20.The Renaissance started in the ______ century and ended in the ______century.21.The word, “renaissance” means ________, which was stimulated by a series ofhistorical events, such as ________.22.In the Renaissance, the humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of those old____in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expresses ____ of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the ____of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.23.____ is the theme of the English Renaissance, which emphasized the capacities of____and the achievements of ____.24.____ Stanza is a verse form created by _____ for his poem, ______, in which therhyme scheme is ____.25.The Wars of the Roses (1455—1485) between the House of ___ and the House of___ struggling for the Crown continued for 30 years.26.Because of the conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and the King ofEngland, the far-reaching movement of ___ took place in England, started by Henry VIII.27.After ___ in England, the helpless, dispossessed peasants, being compelled towork at a low wage, became hired laborers for the merchants. These laborers were the fathers of modern English ___.28.The introduction of ___ to England by William Caxton (1476) brought classicalworks within reach of the common multitude.29.The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up ____of relations andthe establishing of the foundations of ____.30.Because the wool trade was rapidly growing in bulk, it was a time when,according to Thomas More, “___”.31.____ broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries and abbeys in thecountry, confiscated their lands and proclaimed himself head of the Church of England.32.Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of theEnglish national state this period is marked by a flourishing of national culture known as ____.33.____, in his translation of Virgil’s Aeneid, wrote the first English blank verse.34.Richard Tottel’s Miscellany of Songs and Sonnets contained _____ poems by______ and _____ by _____.35.Philip Sidney thought that _____ had superiority over philosophy and history.36._____ is a picture of contemporary England with forcible exposure of the ___among the laboring classes.37.More points out that the root of poverty is the ____ _____ of social wealth.38.Sonnets contain _____ sonnets and ____ sonnets.39.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its ____.40.The “miracles” were simple plays based on ______stories.41.There are significant touches of _____ life in the play titled The Shepherds.42.A morality play presented the _____ of good and _____ with _____personages.43.Vice was the predecessor of the modern _____.44.Through the revival of classical literature, English playwrights came into contactwith ______ and ______drama.45.From the contact with Greek and Latin drama, English playwrights learned all theimportant rules in ____ and ____, the more exact conception of ____ and ____.46.English comedies and tragedies on classical models appeared in the middle of the____ century.47.The first English comedy is ______.48.The first English tragedy is _____.49.Miracle plays, morality plays, interludes and classical plays paved the way for theflourishing of ____.50.In the 16th century _____ became the centre of English drama.51.By ____, professional actors were organized into companies.52.____ were wooden buildings, usually circular in form, with tiers（一排排）ofgalleries surrounding a roofless pit（楼下剧场）.53.In the Elizabethan Theater, there were no ____ and women’s parts were alwaystaken by ____.54.Shakespeare’s narrative poem, Venus and Adonis, is full of vivid images of the______, and aphorisms (格言、警句) on life.55.Shakespeare was a great ____ of the English language.56.Shakespeare’s dramatic creation often used the method of _____.57.Shakespeare’s drama becomes a monument of the English ______.58.Shakespeare was a _____ for play-writing.59.Shakespeare’s _____ people represent all the complexities and implications ofreal life.Key to the blanks:tin Bible2.Protestantism; Catholicism3.Protestants4.John Wycliffe; Reformation5.William Tyndal6.Authorized Version, James I;King James Bible.nguage; literature8.fixed; confirmed9.Bible coinages10.simple; dignified11.William Caxton 12.Reading; literature13.First14.Shakespeare15.Printer; publisher16.100; 2417.15th ; prose18.National19.Publisher; culture20.14th; 17th21.Religious reformation22.feudalist ideas; interests; purity23.Humanism; human mind; human culture24.Spenserian; Edmund Spenser;The Faerie Queene;ababbcbccncaster; York26.The Reformation27.the Enclosure Movement;proletarians28.printing29.feudal; capitalism30.sheep devours men31.William VIII32.Renaissance33.Henry Howard, Earl ofSurrey34.96, Sir Thomas Wyatt, 40,Henry Howard, Earl ofSurrey35.poetry36.Utopia, Book One; poverty37.private ownership38.Italian/Petrarchan ;Shakespearean 39.Drama40.Bible41.real42.Conflict; evil; allegorical43.Clown44.Greek; Latin45.Structure; style; comedy; tragedy46.16th47.Gammer Gurton’s Needle《葛顿大娘的缝衣针》48.Gorboduc 《高波特克》49.Drama50.London51.156752.Elizabethan theatres53.actress; boys54.countryside55.master56.adaptation (revision)57.Renaissance58.master-hand (能手)59.full-bloodⅣ. Say true or false.1.The old English aristocracy having been exterminated (wiped out) in the course ofthe War of the Roses, a new nobility, totally dependent on King’s power, come to the fore.2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of QueenElizabeth.3.The progress of bourgeois economy made England a powerful state and enabledher in 1588 to inflict a defeat on the Spanish Invincible Armada.4.The Protestant Reformation was in essence a religious movement in a politicalguise.5.Before the Reformation, the English Bible was universally used by the Catholicchurches.6.Walter Raleigh wrote his History of the World in imprisonment.7.More the man is even more interesting than More the writer.8.Utopia, Book One, describes an ideal communist society.9.Translations occupied an important place in the English Renaissance.10.Philip Sidney’s collection of love sonnets is Astrophel and Stella.11.The Miracle plays were not forbidden to perform in churches after the actorsintroduced secular and even comical elements into the performance.12.The writer of Gammer Gurton’s Needle is unknown.13.Two lawyers who wrote Gorboduc were Thomas Sackville (托马斯·萨克维尔)and Thomas Norton（托马斯·诺顿）.14.Shakespeare’s sonnets are divided into three groups: Numbers 1—17, Numbers18—126, and Numbers 127—154.15.Shakespeare’s sonnets are written for variety of virtues.16.Engels said, “Realism implies, besides truth in detail, t he truthful reproduction oftypical characters under typical circumstances.”17.Shakespeare wrote about his own people and for his own time.18.Shakespeare’s one play contains one theme. (contains more than one theme)19.To reproduce the real life, Shakespeare often combines the majestic with thefunny, the poetic with the prosaic(散文体的) and tragic with the comic.20.Engels called Shakespeare’s plays the “Shakespearean vivacity (活泼、快活) andwealth of (大量的) action”.21.Utopia is More’s masterpiece, written in the form of letters between More andHythloday, a voyage.22.Sir Philip Sidney is well-known as a poet and dramatist.23.Carl Marx commented highly on More’s Utopia and mentioned it in his greatwork, The Capital.24.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its poetry.25.The miracle plays were simple plays based on Bible stories, such as the creationof the world, Noah and the flood, and the birth of Christ.26.Grammer Gurton’s Needle is the first English comedy, Gorboduc the first Englishtragedy.27.Both the gentlemen and the common people went to the theatres. But the upperclass was the dominant force in Elizabethan theatre.28.After Shakespeare’s death, Herminge and Condell collected and published hisplays in 1623.29.From Shakespeare’s history plays, it can be seen that Shakespeare took a greatinterest in the political questions of his time.30.In Shakespeare’s historical plays, historical accuracy is not strictly regarded.31.King Lear is a tragedy of ambition, which drives a brave soldier and national heroto degenerate into a bloody murder and despot right to his doom.ing from an old Danish legend, Othello is considered the summit ofShakespeare’s art.33.Shakespeare is one of the founders of romanticism in world literature.34.Generally speaking, after Shakespeare, the English drama was undergoing aprocess of prosperity.35.English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama, and was an age ofprose.36.There are two main characters in As You Like It: Orlando and Rosalind.37.Ben Johnson’s comedies are “comedies of humors”and every character in hiscomedies personifies a definite “humor”.38.In Ben Johnson’s later years he became the “literary king” of his time.Key to the True/False statements:1.T2.T3.T4. F. (a political movement in areligious guise)5. F. (the Latin Bible)6.T7. F (Sidney)8.T9.T10.T11.T12.T13.F ( Book Two)14.T15.T16.T17.T18.F19.T20.T21.F (a conversation)22.F (poet and critic of poetry)23.F24.F(darma)25.T26.T27.T28.T29.T30.T31.F (Macbeth)32.F (Hamlet)33.F (realism)34.F(decline)35.F (not an age of prose)36.T37.F (ordinary people were)38.TⅤ. Questions on the English Renaissancement on the image of Henry V and Sir John Falstaff.ment on the character of Hamlet.3.What are the features of Shakespeare’s drama?4.Remember Shakespeare’s major plays in each literary career.ment on Marlowe’s social significance and literary achievement.ment on The Faerie Queene.。