新课标2016年高三英语寒假作业4

新课标2016年高三英语寒假作业4第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ASixteen years ago, Eileen boyle’s husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard from again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.Every day of the year a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and, without so much as a note or a good-bye, close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them. Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home --- the highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride and self- confidence. Even the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive(冲动). “It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to igno re other people’s pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty.”28. When her husband left home, Eileen Doyle ______________.A. could not forgive him for taking the childrenB. had been expecting it to happen for some timeC. could not understand whyD. blamed herself for what had happened29. Most people who leave their families behind them ______________.A. do so without warningB. do so because of their debtsC. come back immediatelyD. change their names30. Some people would even prefer the death to the running away of their spouse because ______________.A. their spouse would feel no pain during the deathB. their spouse death would not be a bit terribleC. a desertion would not bring a feeling of rejection or failureD. their spouse’s death would make them feel less painful31. Usually the man or woman left behind with an unfinished marriage ______________.A. admits responsibility for the situationB. wishes the person who has left were deadC. will come back within a yearD. will have no legal marriage life for seven yearsB21. Which of the following is TRUE of the course?A. One must get required marks for the course.B. One must pass a written test and an online quiz.C. One must have given first aid before.]D. One’s performance in the class will be very important.22. What can we infer from the passage?A. People don’t need to learn all the contents of the course.B. Few people will be interested in the course.C. The course is a short-term training program.D. Students can choose their lessons as they like.23. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Children and parents.B. Teenagers and adults.C. Teenagers only.D. Adults only.CFeeling blue about the world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he's set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done littlebut progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.Here's how he explains his views.1 ) Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800, a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s, the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it's half second.3) Let's not kill ourselves for climate changeMitigating (减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.68. What is the theme of Ridley's most recent book?A. Weakness of human nature.B. Concern about climate change.C. Importance of practical thinking.D. Optimism about human progress.69. How does Ridley look at shopping?A. It encourages the creation of things.B. It results in shortage of goods.C. It demands more fossil fuels.D. It causes a poverty problem.70. The candle and lamp example is used to show that ________.A. oil lamps give off more light than candlesB. shortening working time brings about a happier lifeC. advanced technology helps to produce better candlesD. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods71. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.C. People's health is closely related to climate change.D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.DLondon’s newest skyscraper(摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres，it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However，not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London，Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire(尖顶)．He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren’t regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin，sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name：the Shard.Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts(桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors. At the top，there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty，but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants，apartments and offices.Before building work began，a lot of people didn’t want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York，but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration，only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics don’t like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard showshow London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain，however，that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.32．London’s newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of .A．its cost B．its sizeC．its shape D．its height33．When he designed the Shard，Piano wanted it to .A．change London’s skylineB．inherit London’s traditionC．imitate the Egyptian styleD．attract potential visitors34．The critics who refer to social division think the Shard .A．is only preferred by the richB．is intended for wealthy peopleC．is far away from the poor areaD．is popular only with Londoners35．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．The Shard：Cheers and ClapsB．The Shard：Work of a Great ArchitectC．The Shard：New Symbol of London?D．The Shard：A Change for the Better?第二节（七选五共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。