Use of Technology on the Internet

A-number: A01481804 Name: 徐津为Xu,jinweiUse of Technology on the InternetThe Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail.First of all, we talk about communication. Communication is the most popular use of the Internet, with email topping the list of all the technologies used. Some of the types of communication technologies used also include email discussion groups, Usenet news, chat groups, and IRC [1]. These are unique to networked computer environments and have come into wide popularity because of the Internet. Communication between two entities, whether they are people or computers, can be separated into two broad classes: synchronous and asynchronous. Synchronous communication requires that both the sender and the receiver are active at the same time [2]. In asynchronous communication, the sending and receiving occur at different times. A postcard and text messages are examples of asynchronous communication because they are written at one time and read later [2]Most interactions over the Internet use a protocol know as client/server interaction. This simple idea is illustrated by following what happens when you browse the Web. A brief encounter. When you click on a Web link, your computer begins the process of accessing the page for you. At that moment, your computer enters into a client/server interaction. Y ours is the client computer and the computer on which the Web page is stored is the server computer, which is why it is called a Web server (see figure 3.2).At this time, we have to say about the name of computer addresses- IP addresses. An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.[3] An IP address serves two principal functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing. Its role has been characterized as follows: "A name indicates what we seek. An address indicates where it is. A routeindicates how to get there." (See figure3.4)Two versions of the Internet Protocol (IP) are in use: IP V ersion 4 and IP V ersion 6. Each version defines an IP address differently. Because of its prevalence, the generic term IP address typically still refers to the addresses defined by IPv4 (see figure 3.5 and 3.6).Figure 3.5Figure 3.6Now we need to help us remember the IP address with DNS [4]. The Domain Name System (DNS) translates the hierarchical, human-readable names into the four-number IP addresses. This allows both people and computers to use their preferred scheme. Every internet host (a computer connected to the Internet) knows the IP address of its nearest DNS name server, a computer that keeps a list of the human-readable symbolic names and the corresponding IP addresses.The domain name space consists of a tree of domain names. Each node or leaf in the tree has zero or more resource records, which hold information associated with the domain name. The tree sub-divides into zones beginning at the root zone. A DNS zone may consist of only one domain, or may consist of many domains and sub-domains, depending on the administrative authority delegated to the manager Before doing a search, it's important to define your topic as completely and succinctly as possible. Write down exactly what information you're looking for, why you're looking for it, and what you're not looking for. This will help you to discover the best keywords for your search..The top-level domain is the important in DNS. A top-level domain is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet. Since 2009, countries with non-Latin based alphabets or scripting systems may apply for internationalized country code top-leveldomain names, which are displayed in end-user applications in their language-native script or alphabet, but use a Punycode-translated ASCII domain name in the Domain Name System.The Categories group has become known as the generic top-level domains. Initially this group consisted of GOV, EDU, COM, MIL, ORG, and NET.The Internet protocol suite is the set of communications protocols used for the Internet and other similar networks. It is commonly also known as TCP/IP named from the most important protocols in it: the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), which were the first two networking protocols defined in this standard [5]. Modern IP networking represents a synthesis of several developments that began to evolve in the 1960s and 1970s, namely the precursors of the Internet and local area networks, which emerged during the 1980s, together with the advent of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s[5].The Web page is the nest topic. First, HTML elements are the basic building-blocks of web pages. HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>), within the web page content. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>,although some tags, known as empty elements, are unpaired, for example <img>. The first tag in a pair is the start tag; the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and closing tags). In between these tags web designers can add text, tags, comments and other types of text-based content. HTML markup consists of several key components, including elements (and their attributes), character-based data types, character references and entity references. Another important component is the document type declaration, which triggers standards mode rendering.For example the () HTML include:<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title> baidu </title></head><body><p> <a id="sh" onClick="this.setHomePage('')"href="/traf/click.php?id=215&url="onmousedown="return ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':'homepage','pos':0})"></a></p></body></html>The purpose of a web browser is to read HTML documents and compose them into visible or audible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page.At last, how to Search the Internet Effectively is my topic.Internet search sites can search enormous databases of Web pages, using titles, keywords or text. Y ou can maximize the potential of search engines by learning how they work, and how to use them quickly and effectively. Before doing a search, it's important to define your topic as completely and succinctly as possible. Write down exactly what information you're looking for, why you're looking for it, and what you're not looking for. This will help you to discover the best keywords for your search. Y our most powerful keyword combination is the phrase. Phrases are combinations of two or more words that must be found in the documents you're searching for in the EXACT order shown. Reference:1.Ernest Ackermann and Karen Hartman: "Internet and Web Essentials"/essentials/eoc-rtfs/ch03.htm(2000)wrence Snyder. Fluency with Information Technology. Beijing: Tsinghai Univers ity Press, 2004.3.( DOD Standard Internet Protocol , (January 1980))4. JORDAN ROBERTSON: Use of Rogue DNS Servers on Rise. The AssociatedPress [2008-02-18].5.Joseph G. Davies and Thomas F. Lee: Windows Server 2003 TCP/IP Protocols and services，ISBN0-7356-1291-9。