物流英语复习范围
物流英语考试复习
物流英语一、单词翻译：Vendor供应商、Exporter出口商、Airline航空公司、Means of transport and route运输方式和路线、Net weight净重、Measurement尺码Goods商品、collect由收件人付款、L/C信用证、manifest载货单、cost-effective 节约成本的、berth 停泊处，锚位、TEU标准箱、lanes线路、logistics物流、Shipper托运人，发货人，货主、Consignee收件人、agent代理商、Vessel船、Container集装箱、Gross weight毛重、quantity数量、Commodity商品，货物、Cargo货物，船货、prepaid预付、Total总数、Consolidation集中托运、B/L海运提单、Contract合同、Letter of credit信用证、Stow堆装，理舱、trim整理、Dunnage衬垫、hatch舱口、demurrage 滞留费、rail铁轨，横栏，栏杆stipulate规定、endorse背书、exempt免税者、claim声称，索赔二、短语翻译1.Signature of authorized signatory授权签约方签名2.Number and kind of description of goods package 商品包装的数量和种类描述3.Country/region of destination 目的地国家或地区4.Final destination 最终目的地5.Original of certificate 原始凭证6.customs invoice 海关发票7.packing list 装箱单8.in words 口头上9.Declared value for carriage 运输声明价值10.agent’s IATA code 代理人国际航空运输代号11.Place and date 地点和日期12.Airport of departure 启运机场13.bill of lading 提货单mercial invoice 商业发票15.weight list 重量单16.Airway bill航运收据17.in figure / in words 小写或大写18.Declared value for customs 海关申报价值19.Said to contain 据称内装20.Marks & numbers 唛头和号码21.on the strength of 基于…22.be liable for有…义务23.in accordance with 与…一致24.insurance premium 保险费25.dead freight 空舱费26.Force majeure 不可抗力27.in apparent good order and condition外表状况良好28.in addition 此外ply with 遵守30.with a view to 考虑到，以…为目的三、电讯翻译1、ORDER AL41061 ACCEPTED SEPTEMBER SHIPMENT OPEN L/C第AL41061号定单已经同意，请于九月份进行货运并开出信用证。
自考物流英语重点(精简中)
物流英语（05362）第一单元-----物流概论（General introduction to logistics)一、试题第一部分：词汇与语法（单项选择）1、Managers mst establish and implement inventory plan on the basis of strategic considerations.(3星）管理者必须在战略考虑的基础上建立和实施库存计划。
四、汉译英1.物流管理的基本概念适用于所有私营企业和公用企业。
（concepts）The basic (基本)concepts（概念）of logistics management are applicable（适用）throughout private（私营）and public （公用）enterprise（企业）activities。
五、英语简答1、How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics?What are they?有多少部门经济活动参与物流?他们是什么? Generally there are eight economic sectors involved in logistics.They are packaging,warehousing,material handling,inventory,transport,forecasting,strategic planning and customer service.第二单元----一个重要因素（An important factor)一、词汇与语法（单项选择题）1、One of the key point in distribution of product is whether it is available where the customer wishes to consume it .(3星）产品配送中的一个关键点是客户希望消费的地方它是否可用。
物流英语考试复习资料
PART 1.VOCABULARY 1*10=10PART PLETE THE STATEMENTS WITH A PROPER WORD CHOSEN FROM THE BOX 1*10=10PART 3.TERMS AND CONCEPTS 2*5=10PART 4.SHORT ASNWER QUEESTIONS 5*4=20PART 5.READING COMPREHENSION 2*15=30PART 6.ESSAY WRITING 20PART 1.VOCABULARY 1*10=101、Physical and packages’ strength are important considerations of packagedesign.2、3、order cycle is also known as replenishment （补货）cycle.4、Relevant costs of transport service include items such as fuel, labor,5、The customer can minimize its inventory level if lead time is fixed.6、warehouse space is usually the most obvious and easiest to fill ,that is whywarehouse operations must utilize（利用）the vertical space （垂直空间）effectively in order to be efficient7、8、Reducing commodity（货物）9、（劳动密集型） to a capital-intensive（资本密集型） operation10、Carriers quote freight rates in cwt (cents per hundredweight).11、include shrink-wrap （收缩膜包装）, air bubble , cellulosewadding（纤维填絮）, corrugated paper（瓦楞纸）and plastics.12、Automatic scanners（自动扫描）13、Materials handling equipment should use gravity as much as possible and minimize the ratio of （比）14、Concealed damage（藏匿损坏）is not detected until the package is opened.15 、The trade-off logic studies the relationship between two conflicting practices or operations such aslarge quantity purchase price discount and high inventory levels.1.2.r eplenishment cycle.3.4.5.Warehousing can allow a firm into a large shipment, with significanttransportation savings.6.mixing for customer orders, protection7.8.customer service.9.process that plans, implements and controls the efficient,10.11.（传送带）12.the most obvious and easiest to warehouse13.14.Relevant costs of include items such as furl, labor, maintenance, ofequipment, and administrative costs.15.required to complete the modal transfer.\16.17.18.19.20.equipment and minimize the ratio21.22.23.24.and package’s strength are important considerations of package design.25.Practice of using external activities that have traditionally beenperformed within an organization itself26.a carrier27.28.The acquisition of goods or services29.A production strategy that strives to improve a business return on investmentinventory and associated carrying costs, also called the Toyota Production System30.The process of contracting a business function to someone else, involves the abusiness function-commonly one previously performed in-house to an external provider31.A flat transport structure that supports goods instorage efficiencies32.conditions in a set period of time (usually one hour)33.Value given up as a result of not taking certain action34.reduc e the likelihood of this due to the vendor’s lead time, which causeinterruptions to sales or deliveries35.specifying terms of delivery36.：37.38.A practice in logistics of unloading material from an incoming semi-trailer truck or railroad car andloading into outbound trucks, trailers, or rail cars, with little or no storage inbetween39.tons, or passengers40.：i nbound l ogistic41.in order to gain a tax deduction that will lower total tax liability42.by various modes43.may be common characteristics or common needs and desires：44.the requirement) tothe moment it is received by the customer1、a measure of uncertainty in carrier performance : the usual differences that occur between shipments byvarious modes :2、process of dividing the market according to similarities that exist among the various subgroups（亚组）3、The time from the moment the customer places an order (the moment you learn of the requirement) to the4、one to whom a carrier may lawfully make delivery in accordance with（与什么一致）his contract of5、a person or company that organizes shipments for individuals or other companies and may also act as a6、The process of contracting a business function to someone else, involves the contracting out of a business7、a production strategy that strives to improve a business return on investment by reducing in –process8. Practice of using external organizations to execute（执行）logistics activities that have traditionally been9.Economic principle that as the volume of production increases, the cost of producing each unit decreases, therefore, building a large factory will be more efficient than a small factory because the large factory will10. the acquisition（获得物）is an important aspect of customer service in logistics13.14. Warehousing can allow a firm shipment into a large shipment, with significant transportation savings.15. Order processing, billing and invoicing（开发票）, product returns and claims handling are all typical exampleso ………), or out-of-stock (OOS) event is an event that causesinventorytobe exhausted. Reorderthe vendor's lead time, which cause interruptions to sales or deliveries.18. Adocumentissuedbyacarrier to a shipper, listing and acknowledging receipt of goods for transport and specifying terms of delivery bill of ladingPART 4.SHORT ASNWER QUEESTIONS 5*4=201、what are the components of JIT systems?Zero inventory zero defects（零缺陷）Short lead time small and frequent replenishment2、Give an example of both dependent demand（独立需求）and independent demand（非独立需求）Automobiles（汽车）, tires（轮胎）; Computer, keyboard3.state some inventory-related costs:Capital. Storage space Inventory service Inventory risks4、what are the three stock location criteria（标准）?Popularity Unit size（产品尺寸）Cube（立方）5、state 3 principles in warehouse designOne-story facility ,minimize aisle（通道）space ,efficient materials-handling equipment and so on6、state 3 principles of material handling.1)gravity principle;2)automation principle;3)space utilization principle;4)standardization principle.7、Which operations have a great impact on the warehouse layout and design（布局设计）? movement and storage（移动和仓储）8、state 4 dimensions of material handling（物料运输）Time Space Quantity Movement9、which 4 categories（分类）can freight carriers fall into ?Common Private Exempt（免税的）contract10、which factors affect the rates of transportation?Distance V olume or weight of the shipment Cost or value of the service11、3 forms of physical inventoriesRaw materials Work-in –process Finished goods1.State 4 dimensions of materials handling2.Which 4 categories can freight carriers fall into3.Which factors affect the rates of transportation4.What are the 3 forms of physical inventories5.State some inventory-related costs6.Give an example of both dependent demand and independent demand7.What are the 4 components of JIT systems / what are the 4 elements underpinning the JIT concept8.Which operations have a great impact on the warehouse layout and design9.What are the 3 stock location criteria10.List at least 3 principles in warehouse designReview for logistic English>>Topic 2: order management & Customer Service●learning points☐To have a working knowledge of order management and customer service in logistics;☐To describe how a company processes the incoming orders and the four elements of the order cycle;☐To discuss the major elements comprising logistics customer service;☐To explain how the customer service is measured.*Order Management( Page 23-24)How a firm handles incoming orders → the activities that take place in the period b/t the time a firm receives an order and the time a warehouse is notified to ship the goods to fill that order → an important component of a firm’s Management Information System (MIS).●Order Cycle☐Order placement（订单生成）– increasing use of Internet-facilitated ordering such as e-marketplace, extranets（外联网）and email while the use of EDI and phone/fax to place orders is declining☐Order processing （订单处理）– checking customer credit, transferring information to sales records, sending the order to the inventory and shipping area, preparing shipping documents☐Order preparation（订单准备）– preparing orders for shipment with the help of real-time information☐ Internet-based information system has made it possible for customers to track and trace shipments●Customer Service (Page 24-28)3 principal ways to define customer service:☐Customers service as an activity☐Customers service as performance measures☐Customers service as a philosophy（哲理）●Definition(Page 25)Customer service is a process of providing competitive advantage and adding benefits to the supply chain in order to maximize the total value to the ultimate （最终的）customer.●Dimensions of Customer Service (Page 26)1)Time, 及时性2)Dependability / reliability,可靠性3)Communication,沟通4)Convenience便利☐Time– order cycle time; lead time; replenishment time;☐Dependability / reliability – It is possible for customers to minimize the inventory level if lead time is fixed. There is no need for s afety stock to guard against stockouts resulting from fluctuating（波动的）lead time. unsafe delivery →inventory carrying costs, failing just-in-time (JIT) program; incorrect orders → potential lost sales or production;☐Communication –①transferring order information to the order-filling area (warehouse) ; ②picking the ordered items out of inventory;☐Convenience–palletize / pallets / palletization; market segmentation (细分市场)●How logistics customer service is measured( Page 29)☐Order entry订单录入☐Order documentation accuracy订单文件的准确性☐Transportation☐Inventory and product availability库存和产品的可得率☐Product damage☐Production / warehousing processing time生产/仓库的作业时间Give an example to illustrate the following statement:“The shorter and more consistent the order cycle is, the less inventory is needed by one’s customers.”Topic 3: Packaging & Material Handling●Learning points☐Role of packaging in logistics1.Definition of packaging2.Packaging materials3.Bar coding☐Objectives of material handling1.Guidelines and principles2.Materials-handling equipment●Role of Packaging☐ A concern to marketing, production and legal: sales tactic（策略）, cost, transport and environmental rules/regulations☐Product information on the package: color codes, universal product codes, computer-readable tables, symbols and number codes☐Handling ease:1. physical dimensions (package size);2. package’s strength;3. package shape☐Protection: contamination（污染）, water damage, temperature changes, pilferage, shocks and weight support / distribution in handling and transport☐Packaging designed to reduce tampering（篡改）●Definition of Packaging1)Consumer / interior packaging – marketing2)Industrial / exterior packaging – logistics●Packaging MaterialsCushioning materials（缓冲材料）(against shock, vibration（震动）, surface damage):Shrink-wrap（收缩膜）, air bubble cushioning（气泡）, cellulose wadding（纤维填充物）, corrugated paper （瓦楞纸材料）, plastics (EPS, PU, PE, foam-in-place)●Bar Coding☐ A series of parallel（平行的）black and white bars, both of varying（不同的）widths, whose sequence （顺序）represents letters or numbers. A bar code carries important information such as a shipment’s origin, the product type, the place of manufacture and the price.☐Bar code scanners: automatic and handheld（自动和手动）☐Describe how bar code scanners work:Optical scanners（光学扫描仪）emit light beams（光束）and translate the reflections bouncing off （弹开）the black and white bars into electrical signals（电信号）which the scanner records as binary digits（二进制数字）of 1s and 0s.● 4 dimensions of materials handling——1Movement, time, quantity, space●Objectives of Material Handling(P42)1)Increase effective capacity of warehouse (focus on cubic / vertical space instead of floor/horizontalspace)2)Minimize aisle space (forklift trucks turning space)3)Reduce number of times product is handled4)Develop effective working conditions (safety concern)5)Reduce movements involving manual labor6)Improve logistics service (stock-keeping unit – SKU库存单位)7)Reduce cost●Principle of Materials Handling(Page 46)☐Optimize materials flow☐Gravity principle (utilize gravity wherever practical)☐Space utilization principle☐Automation principle (AGV)☐Standardization principle☐Deadweight principle (minimize ratio of deadweight to load)●Materials Handling Equipment☐Dock（码头）equipment:Forklifts（铲车）, dock bumpers, （装卸台车挡）dock levelers（装卸跳板）, dock seals, trailer restraint systems, pallets☐Other equipment:Conveyors: roller, wheel, belt, towline（拖链）Cranes（起重机）: bridge, stacker, wagon（货车）AGVs, double-pallet jack☐Order-picking and storage equipmentPicker-to-part: bin shelving, modular storage drawers, flow racks, mobile storage systems, order-picking vehiclesPart-to-picker: carousels, miniload automated storage and retrieval systems●Expressions in Material Handling(Page 58)HANDLE WITH CARE NO HOOKS DO NOT TURN OVER DO NOT DROPSTAND ON END FRAGILE PERISHABLE LIQUID●Introduction of multiple equipmentsStandard Pull-chain mechanical Dock LevelerDock levelers are used to bridge the gap between the dock and the trailer and adjust for any height differences.The pull-chain mechanical dock leveler is the most common type used.Hydraulic（液压的）Dock Leveler（装卸平台升降板）A step up from the mechanical dock leveler, the hydraulic dock leveler uses an electric pump（抽水机）and hydraulic cylinder to engage/disengage the dock leveler.This works from a remote switch which is generally mounted on the wall next to the dock.Docks with high volume will benefit from this automation.（自动化）Truck Restraint: ICC Bar TypeThe most dangerous aspects of loading and unloading trailers（拖车）is when a driver starts to pull away from the dock while he is still being loaded.The ICC Bar type restraints automatically engage the rear guard（后卫部队）on the trailer when it backs into the dock.After the trailer is loaded/unloaded the restraint is disengaged via a control panelTruck Restraint: Automatic Wheel TypeAnother automated truck restraint system, the wheel type system engages in front of the rear wheels（后轮）of the trailer.Elevating（升降机构）DocksElevating docks are used where a raised dock is not available.They operate via an electric pump and a hydraulic lift cylinder.Dock SealsDock seals come in a variety of configurations（配置）and are used to prevent air, dirt, insects, birds, and rain/snow from entering the building while loading and unloading trucks.Truck Types 2- Narrow aisle reach truckOther Names of reach trucks are: Stand-up reach, Straddle reach , Double-deep reachReach trucks are designed for racking areas only and do not work for loading trucks or quickly moving loads over distancesTruck Types 2- Reach truckNarrow aisle truck designed specifically for racked pallet storage.Double-deep version (shown) loads pallets 2-deep in special double-deep racking.Gravity Skate Wheel ConveyorGravity flow skate wheel conveyor is a low cost option for conveying lightweight cartons or trays.Used extensively in shipping/receiving and assembly areas, skate wheel conveyors reduce manual material handling of lightweight items over short distances.Gravity Roller ConveyorApplication for gravity roller conveyor is similar to that of gravity skate wheel.Its cost is a little higher and it is more effective where heavier items are being handled.Automated Belt ConveyorAutomated belt conveyer has similar applications to gravity roller and skate wheel.Single units can be incorporated into gravity conveyor systems to create a simple low cost semi-automated system.Flexible ConveyorUsed extensively in shipping/receiving operations for package handling, flexible conveyor is usually anchored at one end to fixed gravity or automated conveyor allowing the other end to be expanded and flexed into trailers for loading and unloading.Unit Load ConveyorUnit Load Conveyor is a heavy duty version of roller conveyor used for handling pallet loads or larger trays.High Volume Trailer LoadingThis shows an application of conveyor in high volume trailer loading/unloading.Sortation SystemsSortation systems are the key to large elaborate conveyor systems.The variety of sortation systems is extensive as are their applications.Horizontal CarouselHorizontal Carousels are used in high-volume small-parts picking operations.Generally, an operator will run 2 to 4 carousels at a time avoiding the need for the operator to wait while one unit is turning.Vertical CarouselsVertical Carousels consist of a series of horizontal trays on a vertical carousel.Vertical carousels are most effective when floor space is at a minimum and there is ample overhead clearance.Automated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS)A system of rows of rack, each row has a dedicated retrieval unit that moves vertically and horizontally along the rack picking and putting away loads.Towline (AGV=. 无人搬运车（Automatic Guided Vehicle）) systemTowline system is designed for movement of materials and products over paths.Topic 4: Transportation Mgmt●Learning points☐Importance☐Five basic modes☐ 3 Key factors of transport☐Single mode of transportation☐Inter-modal Services☐Classification of Carriers☐Bases for Rates☐Shipment Documentation (Domestic & Int’l)●Importance of Transportation☐40-50% of total logistics costs☐4-10% of the product-selling price● 5 Basic Modes of Transportation☐water, rail, truck, air and pipeline☐role of transportation agencies, shipper’s associations, brokers, freight forwarders● 3 Key Factors☐PriceRate: pickup at origin, delivery at destination, insurance, preparing for shipment, fuel, labor, maintenance, depreciation of equipment, administrative costs（行政费用）☐Transit time & variabilityAverage time it takes for a shipment to move from its point of origin to its destination;Variability — a measure of uncertainty in carrier performance☐Loss & DamageCarrier’s obligation（义务）; delayed shipments;damaged goods → inconvenience; inventory level●●Inter-modal Transport Services☐Birdyback（鸟背运输）, fishyback（鱼背运输）, piggyback （背负式运输）services☐Problems with multi-modal service: carriers’ reluctance（勉强）; transferability（可转移性）●Multi-modal Transport Services☐Containerization1.t are the advantages of using containers?2.Strengths in using containers: reducing handling costs, damage costs, theft and pilferage, time to transfer3.materials handling: labor-intensive → capital-intensive●Four categories of freight carriers----2☐Common Carrier公共承运人☐Contract Carrier合同承运人☐Exempt Carrier豁免承运人☐Private Carrier私营承运人●Common Carrier☐ A for-hire carrier that serves the general public at reasonable charges and without discrimination（区别）（填空词时考到该词）(railroads and pipelines)☐The most highly regulated●Contract Carrier☐Not serving the general public but serving one or a limited number of shippers with whom it is under specific contract;☐The contract: terms concerning the rates, liability, type of service and equipment;☐Rates: lower than those of common carriers☐Tailored / customized service; high service level●Exempt Carrier☐Carriers exempt from economic regulation regarding rates and services;☐Gaining the status by the commodity it hauls or by the nature of its operation;☐Examples: a motor carrier transporting agricultural products, newspapers, livestock（家畜）, fish; a rail carrier is exempt when hauling fresh fruit;●Private Carrier☐Not for-hire, not subject to gov’t economic regulations;Core biz(n. 商业（等于business）) is not transportation;☐An inter-corporate hauling fee●Bases for Rates-Factors affecting the rates ( revenue per ton-mile)——3☐Cost and value of service;☐Distance;☐Volume or weight of the shipment●Cost and value of service☐What cost basis to use1.Fully allocated / average total costs2.Average variable costs3.Marginal / out-of-pocket (现款支付的)costs☐Service Pricing – Rates vary by transported productHigh-value commodities can sustain（维持）higher transportation charges (a small portion of the selling price)●Distance☐Tapering rate principle:Rate increase is not directly proportional to distance. The rate increases as distance increases, but not linearly.☐Terminal costs (cargo handling（货物装卸）, clerical and billing) do not vary with distance. Carriers spread terminal costs over a greater mileage base.●Domestic Documentation☐Bill of Lading（B/L）提单☐Freight Bill运费清单☐Freight Claims货运索赔单☐FOB Terms of Sale FOB销售术语●Bill of Lading☐Certificate of title （产权证书）t o the goods☐Straight Bill of Lading (记名提单)Non negotiable（禁止转让的）instrument; consignee named☐Order Bill of Lading (指示提单)Negotiable instrument; the consignor retains security interest in the goods until the consignee pays the goods’ invoice value●Freight Bill (运费清单)☐Carrier’s invoice for the charges☐Listing the shipment, origin and destination, consignee, items, total weight, total charges, credit time period for payment;☐Prepayment is required if the carrier considers the commodity’s value is less than the freight charge.●Freight Claims (货运索赔单)☐ A document the shipper（发货人，托运人）files with the carrier to recoup（收回）monetary losses resulting from loss, damage or delay to the shipment or to recover overcharge payments☐Within 9 months of delivery☐Visible damage vs. concealed damage●FOB Terms of Sale (销售条款)☐①Who is to incur （招致）transportation charges; ②who is to control movement of the shipment;③where the title passes to the buyer☐FOB Delivered (目的地) – the seller☐FOB Origin (原产地) – the buyer●International Transportation☐Transportation DocumentsCarnet（通关卡）– known as duty-free import of goods passport , widely used internationally as a customs documents. indicating that the shipment has been sealed（封闭）at its origin and will not be opened until it reaches its final destination, passing in transit through intermediate customs points without inspection（检查）☐Universal airway billTopic 5: Inventory Mgmt●Learning points☐Inventory & Inventory Management☐Major Reasons for Carrying Inventory☐Major Types of Inventory-related Costs☐Approaches to Managing Inventory☐Distinctions among Various Approaches1.Two Forms of Demand2.Pull vs. Push3.System-wide（全系统）vs. Single-facility（单一系统）Solution☐Integrated（整合）Inventory Management: DRP, MRP and JIT●Inventory– or stock, in terms of supply chain management – is defined as the stored accumulation of material（材料）or components（部件）used in☐the inventory of partially produced products at various stages in the☐●☐Scale/Batching Economies & Cycle Stocks（规模经济和周转库存）acquisition, production and transportation; traditional long production runs/batches →cycle stock; concern about obsolescence（退化）of finished goods☐What is the trade-off logic?discount savings vs. inventory carrying costpurchase of raw materials & transportation rates●Why keep inventory?☐Uncertainty / Safety Stocks1.customer demand (hard to forecast)2.transportation3.supply shortage (stockouts)4.CPFR (Collaborative Planning, Forecast and Replenishment)☐In-Transit Stocks: modes of transport☐Work-in-Process Inventory: hours → days (auto and computer manufacturing)☐Seasonal Stocks (Page 93)1.Agriculture products – perishableCosts of holding items in storage1.Capital Cost（资本成本）– opportunity cost,hurdle rate（要求报酬率）(the minimum rate of return expected of new investments)2.Storage Space Cost – handling costs (in & out), rent, heating, lighting3.Inventory Service Cost – insurance & taxes4.Inventory Risk Cost – obsolescence and depreciation (fashion apparel, fruits &veges, computers &)☐ costs of replenishing inventory1.dollar amount per order, independent of order size.2.vary with the number of orders made.3.☐1.costs (info sys, tech, facilities) and variable costs (reviewing levels, orderpreparing and payment processing…)2.（流水作业线）☐ Associated with insufficient inventory.☐In-transit Inventory Carrying Cost●Two Forms of Demand——6☐Dependent——JIT & MRP1.Demand for items used to produce final products2.Tires stored at a Goodyear plant are an example of a dependent demand item☐Independent——DRP1.Demand for items used by external customers2.Cars, appliances, computers, and houses are examples of independent demand inventory●Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)☐EOQoptimal order quantity that will minimize total inventory costs☐Under what circumstances is EOQ to be applied?1.Demand (independent) is known with certainty and is constant over time2.No shortages are allowed3.Lead time for the receipt of orders is constant4.Order quantity is received all at once●Pull vs. Push☐Pull / Reactive approach (JIT)1.quick response to customer demand (independent);2.unable to coordinate （协调）the need for similar or identical items at parallel network facilities;3.one-way communication b/t need and supply;4.suitable in cases of uncertain order cycle or demand level☐Push / Proactive approach (MRP & DRP)1.anticipating future demand (dependent) and use of replenishment;2.adapting better to the coincident needs of parallel logistics network facilities;3.two-way communication b/t need and supply4.suitable for highly profitable segments, dependent demand, scale economies, supply uncertainties,source capacity limitations, seasonal supply buildups; organizations with greater logistics sophistication（复杂）●System-wide vs. Single-Facility Solution☐Single facility – individual warehouse; distribution center;☐Single-facility solution: JIT and EOQ-based approaches☐System-wide approaches: MRP and DRP●Just-in-Time Approach☐Designed to manage lead times and to eliminate waste; quick response with a high priority（优先级）on short and consistent lead times;☐Americanized version of the Kanban system（看板系统）developed by the Toyota Motor Company.Inventories should be available when a firm needs them – not any earlier, nor any later;☐Kanban: kan / production cards (生产卡片), ban / requisition cards (提料卡片), Andon / light system(指示灯系统)☐Four major elements underpinning the JIT concept——71.Zero inventories;2.Short lead times;3.Small, frequent replenishment quantities;4.Zero defects / high quality☐Evaluation of JIT1.Responsiveness and flexibility2.Efficient and dependable production and manufacturing processes3.Accuracy of forecasting to anticipate finished product demandmunications and information systems5.High-quality consistent transportation services●Materials Requirements Planning (物料需求计划)☐MRP starts by determining how many end products customers desire and when they need them.☐Goals of an MRP system1.to ensure the availability of materials, components and products for plannedproduction and for customer delivery;2.to maintain the lowest possible i nventorylevel;schedules and purchasing activities;Master Production Schedule(MPS):customer orders and demand forecasts2.Bill of Materials File (BMF)物料清单文件:exact amount of raw materials, components and subassemblies; when and how3.Inventory Status File(ISF)存活状态文件:safety stock needs, lead times, minimizing inventory4.MRP Program5.Outputs and Reports: ①quantities to order; ②need to reschedule or not; ③canceled need; ④system status☐Principle advantages1.Safety stock levels / minimal inventories2.Identify supply chain disruptions & take corrective actions3.Actual demand & forecasts of end-product needs4.Coordinate materials ordering5.Suitable for batch production / assembly☐Weaknessesputer intensive;2.increasing order and transport costs;3.not sensitive to short-term demand fluctuations;plex●Distribution Resource Planning(分销资源计划)☐DRP is usually used with an MRP system –DRP (in outbound logistics / inventories) vs. MRP (in inbound l ogistics / inventories)☐Key elements of DRP。
物流专业英语复习资料.doc
物流专业英语复习资料考试题型：一、选择填空(20 points )二、物流术语(20 points )三、阅读理解(30points, each 3 points )四、英译汉(20points, each 4 points )五、汉译英(10 points, each 2points ) 物流专业英语考试备考1词汇1. 1基本概念术语1.物品article2.物流logistics3.物流活动logistics activity4.物流作业logistics operation5.物流模数logistics modulus6.物流技术logistics technology7.物流成本logistics cost8.物流管理logistics management9.物流中心logistics center10.物流网络logistics network11.物流信息logistics information12.物流企业logistics enterprise13.物流单证logistics documents14.物流联盟logistics alliance15.供应物流supply logistics16.生产物流production logistics17.销售物流distribution logistics18.回收物流returned logistics19.废弃物物流waste material logistics20.绿色物流enviTonmental logistics21.企业物流internal logistics22.社会物流external logistics23.军事物流military logistics24.国际物流international logistics25.第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL)26.定制物流customized logistics27.虚拟物流virtual logistics28.增值物流服务value-added logistics service29.供应链supply chain30.条码bar code31.电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI)32.有形消耗tangible loss33.无形消耗intangible loss奖罚1.运输transportation2.联合运输combined transport3.直达运输through transport4.中转运输transfer transport5.甩挂运输drop and pul 1 transport6.集装运输containerized transport7.集装箱运输container transport& 门到门door-to-door9.整箱货full container load (FCL)10.拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11・储存storing12.保管storage13.物品储存article reserves14.库存inventory15.经常库存cycle stock16.安全库存safety stick17.库存周期inventory cycle time18.前置期(或提前期)lead time19.订货处理周期order cycle time20.货垛goods stack21.堆码stacking22.搬运handing/carrying23.装卸loading and unloading24.单元装強卩unit loading and unloading25.包装package/packaging26.销售包装sales package27.定牌包装packing of nominated brand28.中性包装neutral packing29.运输包装transport package30.托盘包装palletizing31.集装化containerization32.散装化containerization33.直接换装cross docking34.配送distribution35.共同配送joint distribution36.配送中心distribution center37.分拣sorting38.拣选order picking39.集货goods collection40.组配assembly41.流通力口工distribution processing42.冷链cold chain43.检验inspection 奖罚1・仓库warehouse2.库房storehouse3.自动化仓库automatic warehouse4. 4 立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse5.虚拟仓库virtual warehouse6.保税仓库boned warehouse7.出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse8.海关监管货物cargo under customer, s supervision9.冷藏区chill space10.冷冻区freeze space11.控湿储存区humidity controlled space12.温度可控区temperature controlled space13.收货区receiving space14.发货区shipping space15.料棚goods shed16.货场goods yard17.货架goods shelf18.托盘pallet19.叉车fork lift truck20.输送机conveyoT21.自动导引车automatic guided vehicle (AGV)22.箱式车box car23.集装箱container24.换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU)25.特种货物集装箱specific cargo container26.全集装箱船ful 1 container ship27.铁路集装箱场railway container yard28.公路集装箱中转站inland container depot29.集装箱货运站container freight station (CFS)30.集装箱码头container terminal31.国际铁路联运international through railway transport32.国际多式联运international multimodal transport33.大陆桥运输land bridge transport34.班轮运输linei* transport35.租船运输shipping by chartering36.船务代理shipping agency37.国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent38.理货tally39 国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance40.报关customs declaration41.报关行customs broker42.进出口商品检验commodity inspection奖罚1. 4物流管理术语1.物流战略logistics strategy2.物流战略管理logistics strategy management3・仓库管理warehouse management4.仓库布局warehouse layout5.库存控制inventory control6.经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ)7.定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS)8.定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS)9.ABC 分类管理ABC classification10.电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS)11.准时制just in time (JIT)12.准时制物流just-in-time logistics13.零库存技术zero-inventory logistics14.物流成本管理logistics cost control15.物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP)16.制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)17.配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP)18.配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II)19.物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP)20.企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP)21.供应链管理supply chain management (SCM)22.快速反映Quick response (QR)23.有效客户反映efficient customer response （ECR）24.连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program （CRP）25.计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering （CAO）26.供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory （VMI）27.业务外包outsourcing1.We can define warehousing as that part of a firm^s logistics s ystem that stores products （rawmaterials, parts, goods-in-pro cess, finished goods） at and between point of origin and point o f consumption, and provides information to managementon the sta tus, condition, and disposition of items being stored・1.我们可把仓储定义为公司物流系统的不可分割的一部分，（2分）用以在原产地，消费地或二者之间储存原材料，部件，在制品,产成品（2分）并向管理部门提供有关所储存项目的现状与控制情况等信息.（2分）2.Participants in the channel gain competitive advantage thro ugh improving the overall channel efficiency by reducing risk a nd effectively leveraging the corporate resources of each chan nel member・2.这条链上的参与者通过以降低风险（2分）和链上每一位成员的共同资源的有力支持（2分）来改善整条链的效率从而获得具有竞争力的优势。
物流专业英语
物流专业英语 十
• • • • • • • • 1. raw materials 原材料; 2. finished goods 成品; 3. production cost 生产成本; 4. product cost 产品成本； 九 5. aggregate product cost 产品总成本； 6. logistic activity 物流活动； 7. railway 铁路； 8. highway 高速公路.
物流专业英语 十一
• • • • • • • • 1. port of unloading 卸货港 2. port of loading 装运港 3. container 集装箱 九 4. FOB 离岸价 5. CFR 到岸价（无保险） 6. CIF 到岸价（含保险） 7. the time of shipment 装运时间，船期 8. shipping space 仓位
物流专业英语 十二
• • • • • • • • 1. FCL 整箱货，整柜装箱装载 2. LCL 拼箱货，散货拼箱 装载 3. TEUs 20英尺标准箱 4. FEUs 40英尺标准箱 九 5. international freight forwarder 国际代运公司 6. customs 海关 7. forwarder 货代（货运代理） 8. shipping agent 船运代理人
物流专业英语 九
• • • • • • • 1. motor transportation 汽车运输； 2. rail transportation 铁路运输； 3. air transportation 航空运输； 4. water transportation水路运输； 5. pipeline transportation 管道运输； 6. point-of-origin 原产地（origin place）； 7. point-of-consumption 消费地点(place of consumption)； • 8. logistician• • • • • • • • 1. logistics 物流 2. article 物品 3. goods 商品 4. cargo 货物，船货 5. logistics activy 物流活动 6. logistics cost 物流成本 7. logistics management 物流管理 8. supply logistics 供应物流
物流专业英语考试复习
物资储存storage of goods
消除低下的效率eliminate inefficiency
产品的流转，储存和控制movement,storage,and control of products
和供应相关的活动supply-related activities
A variety of functions多种功能
Across the company从整个公司
Control mechanism控制机制
Flexible planning 灵活的规划
Integration集成整合
Coordination协调
Labor,equipment and space 劳动力，设备和场地
Specialist fuels特种燃料
Heating oil供暖燃油
Food ingredients食品配料
Expertise专门技术，专门知识
Road delivery公路运送
Goods in process进程中的货物
As a buffer against things going wrong作为一种防止事情变坏的缓冲
Customer support 客户支持
Transportation 运输
Movement of people and goods人流和物流
Warehouse management 仓储管理
Purchasing采购
Include ,but not limited to 包括，但又不限于
Manual and powered手动或电动的
Pallet moving trucks 托盘搬运车
物流英语期末复习知识点
物流英语期末复习知识点物流英语期末复习知识点1.How many kinds of ware house do youknow? Please write down the advantages and disadvantages for eachone.-Private warehouse优：More control;The cost of long term storage is lower than the public storage;More flexi bility缺：high risk of investment-Publicw are house优：leased to solve short-term distribution needs;Saving money;缺：Alack of personalized service;Communication problems-Contract warehouse优：Low cost;More cost-effective than private warehouse缺：Oncecontracted,itmustbealong-termutilization2.How many kinds of transportation mode do you know?Please write down the advantages and disadvantages for eachone.-Rail way transportation铁路运输优点：It offers cost-effective transpor to falarge number of car go sover long distance;It is good for car gos with high volumeand low value.缺点：In flexibility of operation-Road transportation公路运输优点：Used for higher-value and lower-volumecar goover relatively short distance;Providing adoor to door service缺点：Fuel consumption;airpollution-Water way transportation水路运输优点：The cheap estmethod of moving goods worldwide缺点：The speed of the shipisvery slow.-Air transportation航空运输优点：It offer srapidand flexible delivery;Saving time缺点：high cost-Pipeline transportation管道运输优点：Pipelinesoperateona24-hourbasis,sevendaysperweek.缺点：The lack of grow thinde mand for the movemen to foil will affect pipelines.3.Please talk about the ways of improving customer service.Improving logistics system to deliver superior customer service;Taking both servicelevel and costintoac count when gaining profits;Identifying customers’needs;Defining customers service objective;Reducing the cost of logistics system4.What is logistics?In Chinese Logistics Terms,logistics means the physical movement of goods from the supplier to the receiver.。
物流英语复习资料
一、单词复习商品: merchandise 线路:line 合资企业:Joint Venture 陆运:land transportation 处理:handle 装箱单:packing slip 零售包装:consumer packaging 仓储: storage 排除:eliminate信息服务:service information 零风险:zero defects 定舱位: book the shipping space 存储:storage对待: approach 入库作业:indoor operation 卸货: discharge 海关:Customs 知名的:big name入库保税品: warehouse bond 检查站: checkpoint 防热的: Heat-proof 供应链: supply chain工具: facility 条形码:Bar code 分销渠道:distribution channel 商标: trademark工业包装: industrial packaging 样品:sample 规格:specification供应商:supplier 可以使用的:available 发货区:receiving space 竞争:competition 询问:inquiry估算:evaluation 原材料:raw material代表:on behalf of represent 实际上:in practice 总重: gross weight二、句子复习(1)Electronic order system is for the operation ordering and the information exchange by internet among the firms.电子订货系统的操作命令和信息交换之间通过互联网公司(2)Customer service is meant to provide facility for customer’s nee d or inquiry and arrange it.客户服务的目的是提供设施的用户需要或查询及安排。
物流英语复习资料
物流英语复习资料一、词汇货物freight；consignment；goods 货运代理商forwarding agency承运商carrier供应商supplier托运人；货主shipper收货人consignee委托consign卸货unload; drop-off收货collect交送delivery询价enquiry报价offer；quote全体职员staff安排arrangement技术的technical商业的commercial吨ton磅lb精确地exactly要求requirement英寸inch英尺foot重量weight船只vessel渡轮ferry铁路rail高速公路motorway包租(船、飞机等) charter 批发商wholesaler包装；打包packing订单order塑料的plastic木桶barrel液体liquid鼓型金属桶drum体积volume抵达arrival船运；装船ship交易deal集装箱container调查survey估价师surveyor目的地；终点destination尺寸；规格measurement密封；封口seal易腐烂的；易变质的perishable 仓储warehousing 、仓库depot应负责任的liable保险单policy保险insurance风险risk损失damage备忘录memo援救salvage补偿；赔偿compensation二、句子1. 你能告诉我具体的位置吗？Can you tell me the exact location of the accident?2. 你们看着办吧。
We will leave that up to you.3. 我们将不得不追究贵公司对此次损失所应承担的责任。
We ’ll have to hold your company liable for damages.4.希望我们可以尽快解决这不幸的事情。
物流英语复习
1、The aim of (inventory)management is to minimize the amouneof material in stock .2/(Logistics) is a hot topic in China and the whole world.3/If the ship had sailed along the recommended(route),it would have been able to acoid the heavy weather.4/People generally consider logistics as the (flowing)of goods,it is partly right,but logistics is much more than that.5/Logistics involves the (movement) of goods,but also of people,as well as housing and feeding them6/The foreign company has to (purchase )500 garmentd from China every year7、The meaning of the word”logistics” firstly(originate)from the military.8/The(storge)expenses willbe for your account if you place an order of 100,000 tons ofroll stell at a time.My workshop uses tons a month.9/With the development of modern economy,people become more and more aware of the (impotance) of logistics.10/Whether facilities are owend or rented,the (location)of warehouses is extremely important.1/Transport can be done by sea,air,（and）rail and pipe.2/Mr.wang is an iventory(manager)in a bonded warehouses in Capital Airport.3/Logistics managers pay more attention to inventory at persent,because inventory management can effectively reduce logistics (cost)4/Information is akey to the (success) of logistics strategy.5/Warehousing is not a new (business),but it has gained new functions in modern logistics6/In every company customer service is (source)of information for demand forecasting.7/Every firm,large and small (alike),needs logistics strategic planning for itd development.8/packing is one of the most impotant (activities)which are includede in a logistics system9/(Procurement) ideals with the buying of goods and services that keep the organization functioning.10/Could you five me a brief(analysis)of the present situation in relation to logistics in China?1/General purpose of warehouses is to provide ( safe) environment conditions and a wide range of products.2/Usually warehouses are typically viewed as a (temporary)place to store goods.3/The cost of small(order)becomes expensive to transport.4/Warehousing plays a vital role in providing a (moderate)level of cusiomer service.5/Customer service may be the deciding factor for warehouse site location,(access)to markets can improve its service level/6/Disteeibution center is alarge and highly (sufficient)warehouse designed to receive goods from various plants and suppliers.7/A warehouse can be viewed as a (bridge) between supply and demand.8/IN order to (achieve)the efficiency they may have to hold stock ,but this is not their main role.9/Retailers found it difficult to source in (desired)quantity from a singke supplier.10/After the goods are unloaded from the transportation carrier ,rhey shouldbe (verify)against cargo manifest.1/Managers must establish inplement inventory policies on the basis of (strategic) consideration. 2/When he asopted new stratgy in inventory management, he lowered the cost while (expand)the sales.3/The aim of reducing (inventory) is to make better use of overall assets.4/Inventory refers to (stocks)of anything necessary to do business.5/To make efficient and effective use of the (warehouse)space,you should decide how large your order must be.6/When the stock is near safety stock leverl,materials have to be (reoder).7/Raw materials,goods in process and finished goods all (cause)various forms of inventory.8/Buffer stock is adopted to maintain (balance) in demand or supply.9/The order cost is (decline)with the increase of quantity.10/Inventory makes it possible for each firm to (specialize)in the products that it manufactures.1/I always (confuse)John with his brother ;they are very much alike.2/We re sure to fullill the task ahead of schedule if everyone bears down.3/Many plastic(containers)are disposed of as waste,although they are resuable.4.You’re supposed to keep your car (exterior)in good condition by cleaning it .5/You can schedule a weekend to (discard)some things that perhaps you don’t actually need.6/The idea of a holiday abroad is certainly(appealing)7/That invention is of great commercial (widesperead)8/She is strong enough to (withstand) intellectual challenge.9/In today’s world,trade barriers in international trade are still (significant).10/The case was dismissed because of (insufficient)evidence.1/We ar noe ina position to (reinforce) our own demands to our emplpyers.2/We’ll (dictate) the cease with iron strap.3/These plicies (instill)strong felling of loyalty in P&G employees.4/The smell of food (tempts) the hungry children unto the hut.5/I can’t figure out why he’s been behaving so (oddly)6/Consumers may also (shun) firms that pollute the environment or engage in unethical practices by not buyong their products.7/What is the reaction to the new car in the (marketplace)?8/It is thus clear that the (residual)infuuences of clannishness must not be understiomated .9/From the (standpoint)of success,a good work ehic is no less important than an education .10/More and more public places in the United States (forbid) smoking.1/Transpotation,by moving goods from one place to another place,creates (place utility) for poducts.2/To satisfy customers with special taste, manufactures have to provide (personal)services.3/In the supply chain,(external customers) may contain wholesalers,retailers and end-users.4/There is a great (demand) foreign investment in the western part of China.5/We should make an (analysis) of prouducts,depending on who use them and how they are used.6/We must distribute the products to as many places as possible so that our customers find it (convenient) to get them7/Customer service is considered as the (output)of logistics system.8/The key point in distribution is whether the product is (available)where the customer wishes to consume it .9/One of the basis tasks of a logistics analyst is to dtermine customer(response) to service.10/Generally speaking ,soap can be found in a (retail) shop.1/Once their oreders are accpted ,all customers should be treated equally by receiving (basis service).2/It’s my job to (offest ) cusiomer’s response to logistics service.3/Customer service plays a significant (role ) in the development of all firms.4/A firm may have a customer service department or customer service employees that (handle)complaints,special orders,damage claims,etc.5/The mission of logistics mangement is to plan and (coordinate)all logistics activities to achieve desired level.6/In today’s (competitive) market,fiems find it extremely difficult to create new custoomers.7/You can learn about your customer’s (response)by analyzing inventory information.8/Every company’s ultimate goal is to gain (profit),not sales .9/I think if our warehouses are located in the (proximity)of customers,we can offer better after-sale service.10/Good logistics plan (determine) the cost of warehousing anf transportation of products.1/The river departed from its original course several miles (downstream).2/It now provides a (linkage) to more than 60 home pages of goverment agencies and related organzations.3/we’ll try to work as (procurement) agent on behalf of IBM.4/(Competitiveness) is also about the quality and cretivity of the people .5/He resigned in the face of mounting pressure from the (shareholder).6/We expect to increase (utilization) of the helicopters.7/Hi-tech industry has been driving the (optimization)of the economic structure.8/She would like to be a film actress,but at present she is (modeling)9/The general price level declined by small (margin)10/We have the busiest container port in the world and the busiest international air freight(throughput)1/I think I’ll be all right as soon as the plane gets out of this (turbulence).2/People are much better informed since the (advent ) of television.3/Vendors could charge between $190 and $375 per cumputer,depending on (configuration).4/Every value they created (ultimately) redounded to their boss.5/As your company’s representative, your phone manners should be (impeccable)6/Tax became a powerful policy instrument to tackle monetary(deflation)7/He is a (prominent) scholar in the field of linguistics.8/I would ask you to collaborate) with us in this work.9/We must (accommodate)ourselves to circumstance.10/Her intemperance will (entail) the curse of insanity upon her innocent children.英译汉1、Modern Logisticsis one of the most challenging and exciting jobs in the world .现代物流是全世界最有挑战力同时令人兴奋的工作之一。
物流英语复习
第一课：Supply Chain Management1.供应链定义：…..the integration of key business processes form end user through original suppliers that provides products , services , and information that add value for customers and other stakeholders.(P1)2.供应链的组成：SCM consist of a simplified supply chain network structure , the information and product flows , and the key supply chain business processes penetrating functional silos within the company and the various corporate silos across the supply chain.3.供应链成功战略：The successful supply chain strategies are listed listed as follows:①Market Saturation driven(市场浸透):Focusing on generating high profit margins through strong brands and ubiquitous marketing and distribution.②Operationally Agile（操纵敏捷性）:Configuring assets and operations to react nimbly to emerging consumer trends along lines of product category or geographic region.③Freshness Oriented（新兴产品定位）:Concentrating on earning a premium by providing the consumer with product that is fresher than competitive offerings④Consumer Customizer（客户管理）:Using mass customization to build and maintain close relationships with end consumers through direct sales.⑤Logistics Optimizer（物流优化）:Emphasizing a balance of supply chain efficiency and effectiveness⑥Trade Focused（集中交易）:Prioritizing ” low price , best value ”for the consumer(as with the logistics optimizer strategy but focusing less on brand than on dedicated service to trade customers).4.物流定义：Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans , implements , and controls the efficient , effective flow and storage of goods , services , and related information form the point-of origin to the point-of-consumption in order to meet customers requirements.(P6)5.供应链结构组成：The SCM framework consists of three closely interrelated elements:the supply chain network structure、the supply chain business processes、the SCM components.(P8)第二课：Logistics Management1.物流的概念：is that part of the supply chain process that plans , implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods , services and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet customers requirements.2.挑战满足客户需求四大条件：①The internet B2B Economy：a dramatic transformation in the use of the internet for business transactions between companies.②Reverse logistics（反向物流）:the management of returned products to distributors, manufacturers or retails.③Real-time logistics Event Management（实时物流）:the need for accurate and timely management of information in order to maintain on-time deliveries ,reduce inventory levels and ensure that the right product is the right place at the right time.④Technology solutions provide visibility: new logistics event management technologies to gain real-time visibility into logistics operations; ensure a more accurate, efficient and effective flow of goods; Reduce costs and increase customer satisfaction.第三课Ocean Shipping1.船舶类型Ship types:1. General cargo ship: 1) Conventional cargo ship{两用货船} 2)Multi-purpose general cargo ship {多用}3)Specialized dry cargo ship for the carriage of lumber{特殊干货船} 4)Refrigerator ship2. Container ship: 1)Cellular full container ship {隔栅式}2)Semi-container ship{半集装} 3)Roll on/Roll off container ship {滚装}4)Lift on/Lift off container ship {吊式}3. Lash-lighter aboard ship, also termed barge carrying vessel{载驳船}4. Tanker: 1)Oil tanker 2)Tanker for liquefied gas including petroleum gas and natural gas {液化气体船}3)Chemical tanker for the carriage of liquid chemical such as ammonia {化学品船}4)Miscellaneous tanker {各种其他形式船}5. Combined carrier: 1)Ore and oil carrier(O/O){矿-油两用船} 2)Ore and bulk carrier(O/B){矿-散} 3)Ore, bulk and oil carrier(O/O){矿-散货-油}2.海上运输类型：Type of ocean shipping service:1). Liners:①定义：Liners offer shipping space , as common carriers , on ships playing along fixed routes on regular schedule ,principally engaged in carrying general cargo in relatively small shipments and limited volumes .②特点：1）more calls along the route and a saving in time at port for loading and discharging, thus ensuring dispatch and delivery of shipments in good time2) feasibility of sending small installments of cargo instead of bulky shipments3) better technical equipment on board ship to ensure faster and safer sailing.2). Trampers :①定义：Trampers refers to ships playing on waterways without pre-set schedule or fixed routes and sailings normally depend on an availability of cargoes entrusted for carriages.②分类：time charter / voyage charter / demise charter* The Demise charter pay for: 1) Crew’s wages and provisions 2).Ship’s maintenance and stores3)Lubricating oil 4)Fresh water3.船舶证书Ship’s papers:I．主要重要证书包括：1.Certificate of Nationality 2.Certificate of seaworthiness 3.Certificate of Classification 4.Tonnage Certificate 5.Loadline Certificate 6.Rifrigerating Machinery Certificate 7.Wireless CertificateII．Certificate of Nationality: it is usual for the shipbuilder to issue a builder’s certificate giving detailed specifications of the shipIII．Certificate of Seaworthiness: it is imperative that a ship always maintains the technical standards and requirements for safe sailing at sea.IV．Certificate of Classification（船舶入籍证书）: is an indication of the standard of a ship insofar as her structure , technical requirements and equipment are concerned , and since all necessary particulars are to be submitted to the organization concerned when classification of a ship is applied for ,an authentic record will be available of the state of the ship in question.V．Official Log Book(船员日志): An official log must be kept by every sea-going ship and the following matter must be record:1) A statement of conduct, character and the like of every member of the crew2) Every offence committed by a member of the crew, for which prosecution is intended3) Every conviction of a member of the crew and the punishment inflicted4) Every case of illness or injury or death happening to a member of the crew5) Every collision with any other ship and the circumstances leading themVI．Ship’s Articles (船员记录本) :give a description of crew and capacity in which each member serves, length of voyage ,amount of wages, ti me of commencement of voyage and scale of provisions.VII．Ship’s Log(航海日志)：gives a daily record of the activities aboard a ship , either in port or in sailing . including loading and discharge of cargoes , weather conditions, position of ship when on voyage , time of departure and arrival of ship ,quantity of fuel and fresh water carried on board ,steps taken in the event of a casualty, etc.第七课Containerization1. Containerization : it is a system of intermodal cargo transport using standard containers that can be loaded on container ships, freight train wagons ,and trucks.2. Advantages of containerization:1).provide shipper with seagoing strong vans which not only protect shipments from damage and theft but also can be used repeatedly, thus reducing the expense of export packaging.2). containerized traffic is far more efficient than the traditional mode of transportation.3). containerized traffic comprise minimization of losses and simpler packaging.4). containerized traffic will contribute considerably to the substantial saving in the carrier’s overheads, thusrendering it possible for him to fix the fright rate at a more attractive level.3. Disadvantages1) The carriage of containers necessitates specific accommodations in the ship2) The manufacture or purchase of containers involves a considerable sum of money.3) To meet the specific requirements for container ships ,a special type of terminal different from traditionalberths is requires.4.Rules in containerization:Hague Rules(最多每个集装箱$100)Hague-Visby Rules (每单位10000 gold francs or 每公斤30 gold francs 取其高者)Hamburg Rules (每单位12500 gold francs or 每公斤37.5 gold francs 取其高者)第八课Warehousing and Storage1.Basic components of a warehouse: space, equipment ,and people.2.Warehouse functionglity:①consolidation集装: shipment consolidation is an economic benefit of warehouse. With this arrangement, the consolidating warehouse receives and consolidates materials from a number of manufacturing plants destined to a specific customer on a single transportation shipment.②Break bulk and cross-dock拆装、越库：warehouse operations are similar to consolidation except that no storage is performed.③Processing/postponement加工、延期: warehouse can also be used to postpone or delay, production by performing processing and light manufacturing activities.④Stockpiling 储存:the direct economic benefit of this warehouse service is secondary to the fact that seasonal storage is essential to select businesses.第九课Inventory Control1.库存概念：inventory control, otherwise known as stock control , is about how much inventory you have at any one time, and how you keep track of it.2.库存分类：(1). raw materials and components – ready to use in production;(2) .work in progress – inventory of unfinished goods;(3) .finished goods ready for sale;(4) .consumables –for example ,fuel and stationery.3.控制库存的方法：（1）minimum inventory level---you identify a minimum inventory level, and re-order when inventory reaches that level. This is known as the re-order level. (ROL)(2).inventory review(库存检查) ---you have regular reviews of inventory. At every review you place an orderto return inventory to a predetermined level.(3).just in time (JIT) --- this aims to reduce costs by cutting inventory to a minimum. Items are delivered whenthey are needed and used immediately. There is a risk of running out of inventory, so you need to be confident that your supplier can deliver.4.零库存或少库存优点：（1）efficient and flexible .you only have what you need when you need it. (2) .lower inventory and storage costs. (3).you can keep up-to-date and develop new products without wasting inventory.缺点：（1）meeting inventory needs can become complicated and expensive. (2).you might run out of inventory if there is a hitch in the system. (3).you are dependent on the efficiency of your suppliers.5.多库存优点：（1）easy to manage. (2).low management costs. (3). you never run out.缺点：（1）higher inventory, storage and insurance costs. (2).certain goods might perish. (3).inventory may become obsolete before it is used. (4).your capital is tied up.第十四课Bill of Lading1.提单的类型：（1）received for shipment bill of lading.(待装船)(2).shipped or on board bill of lading.（已装船）(3).straight bill of lading （记名）.(4).blank bill of lading or open bill of lading（空白）. (5).order bill of lading（指示）. (6).clean bill of lading.(7)foul bill of lading.（不清洁）2.提单的三个作用：（1）it is a receipt for the goods;(2)it is a document of title ;and in certain cases.(3) It is a written evidence of the terms of the contract of affreightment..3.提单所写的项目：（1）name of shipper.(2)name of consignee.(3)the person or party to be notified at destination.(4)name of carrying vessel.(5)port of loading.(6).port of discharge.(7).place at which freight is to be paid or mode of payment.(8).particulars of cargo carried.(9).date and place of issue.(10).amount of freight and charges.(11).signature of master.In the bill of lading of the china ocean shipping company, china, there are the following statements on the face there of:(I).shipped on board the vessel named above in apparent good order and condition (unless otherwise indicated) the goods or packages specified herein are to be discharged at the above-mentioned port of discharge or as near thereto as the vessel may safely get and be always afloat.(II)The weight, measure, marks, numbers, quality, contents and value, being particulars furnished by the shippers, are not checked by the carrier on loading.Similar statements also appear in almost all bills of lading being used in shipping markets throughout the world.In the printed form of the bill of lading being used by china ocean shipping company, china, there are twenty-five clauses in all. There includes jurisdiction, period of responsibility, responsibilities, immunities, indemnity, deviation and so on.第15课Sea Protest1.定义：Sea protest：Sea protest is a document and sometimes just be called as the note of protest .2.什么时候发出该声明：The note of protest is a declaration by the master ,which gives full particulars of any heavy weather or other accident that may have cause damage to the ship or cargo with the extent unascertainable at the time when protest is noted.If the ship has encountered heavy weather or been involved in an accident on her voyage prior to arrive at the port , it is duty of the master to note sea protest at the first port of call within 24H of her arrival .The sea protest is required to protect the interests of the shipowner , and whenever there is any doubt that damage may have occurred as a result of heavy weather or other events , protest is noted by the master at the first port at which the ship calls .第16课General Average1.定义：A general average act can be established only where an extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is voluntarily and reasonable made or incurred in time of peril for the purpose of preserving the property imperiled in the common adventure.2.基本特征essential feather of G.A.：(1) The common adventure must be in danger.(2)The sacrifice must be voluntary (intentional有意的)(3) The sacrifice or expenditure must be reasonably made or incurred.(4) The sacrifice or expenditure must be extraordinary in its nature and not one which is necessarily involvedand indispensable in performing the contract of carriage.(5) The object of the sacrifice or expenditure should only be the preservation of property endangered in thecommon adventure , not for the safety of either the ship or the cargo alone.(6) The loss must be the direct result or the reasonable consequence of a general average cargo.3.判定原则The principle of adjustment：That which is sacrificed for all is borne in proportion by all interested in the adventures .（All loss which arises in consequence of extraordinary sacrifices made , or expense incurred , for the preservation of ship and cargo comes within generalaverage , and must be borne proportionately by all who are interested .）4.共同海损牺牲：I．Jettison（抛弃）of cargo or ship’s materialsII．V oluntary stranding （自动搁浅）III．Refloating of ship （使再浮起）IV．Damage incurred in extinguishing fire(灭火)V．Ship’s materials and stores or cargo burnt for fuel5.共同海损费用：Port of refuge（避难）expenses 、Crew’s wages and maintenance , fuel and stores.、Discharge , reloading or handling of cargo, fuel and stores on board.、Substituted expenses替代费用(Temporary repairs暂时修理/ Towage拖船费/ Transshipment and forwarding. 转载)、Salvage chargers救援费、Sundries杂七杂八费用(Survey fees / Cables, telexes , trunk calls / Shipowner’s superintendent fees船东管理费/ G.A. disbursement insurance.保险费)6.共同海损分摊：①船：Sound market value at the time and place of termination of voyage, less the amount of loss or damagethrough causes other than general average ; or actual net value at the time and place of termination of voyage , plus the amount made good in general average.②货:CIF value ,less freight at the risk of the shipowner and the amount of loss or damage unconnected withgeneral average.③运费:Amount of freight at the risk of the shipowner ,less the expenses for earning it , such as port chargesand crew’s wages ,w hich would not have been incurred had the ship been lost at the time of the general act.第18课Letter of Credit1.信用证的定义：A letter of credit is basically a document issued by a bank guaranteeing a client’s ability to pay for goods or services.2.信用证的种类：1).可撤销信用证Revocable Letter of Credit 2)不可撤销信用证Irrevocable Letter of Credit3)可转让信用证Transferable Letter of Credit 4).保兑信用证Confirmed Letter of Credit5).不保兑信用证Unconfirmed Letter of Credit 6).背对背信用证Back-to-back Letter of Credit7).备用信用证Standby Letter of Credit 8).现金信用证Cash advance against Letter of Credit.3.买卖双方的好处：Benefits of Sellers:(1)Assures the security of payment from an international bank once the terms of the letter of credit are met. (2)Seller can determine when payment will be satisfied and ship the goods accordingly.(3)Bank bears the responsibility of oversight. (4).Sellers does not have to open an account and grant payment terms to buyer. Credit risk is nearly eliminated. The risk of exchange control created with payment delays is greatly reduced. (5)Provides seller easier access to financing once the letter of credit has been issued. (6)Once the bank confirms the letter of credit, political and economic risk and questions regarding the buyer’s ability to pay are eliminated. The confirming bank is obliged to pay, even if the buyer goes bankrupt, provide the terms of the letter of credit are met.Benefits of Buyers: (1).Facilitates financing—for example, creating banker’s acceptances.(2)Buyer can confirm that the merchandise is shipped on or before the required date. (3)It is safer to deal with bank than to prepay. (4)Buyer may get better terms and prices. (5)No cash is tied up in the process. Buyer does not have to pay cash up front to a foreign seller before receiving the documents of title to the goods purchased. This is particularly helpful when buyer is unfamiliar with local suppliers and laws. (6).Protects the buyer since the bank only pays when the supplier complies with the specific terms and conditions and produces the documents required by the buyer. (7)The buyer can build safeguards into the letter of credit, including inspection of the goods and quality control, and set production and delivery times.第十九课Letter of Indemnity1.定义：A Letter of Indemnity is a letter guaranteeing that contractual provisions will be met: otherwise financial reparations will be made. And it’s a letter requesting replacements for lost shares from a company’s treasury. The principal behind a letter of indemnity is the guarantee that losses will not be suffered, should certain provisions of a contract not be met.A Letter of Indemnity is a document which the writer issues to another party agreeing to protect them from liability for the performance of certain acts.（1）In the case of international transportation when a negotiable bill of lading has been issued but is not available for surrender to the carrier when it is desired to take delivery of the shipment, a bank may issue a letter of indemnity to the cattier to release the cargo. (A Letter of Guarantee may also be used). The bank will usually obtain a similar letter from its client to protect itself against the liability it assumes on behalf of the client.（2）On export shipments, some carriers may permit shippers to issue letters of indemnity to the carriers in order to secure from them clean bills of lading in place of foul ones, or to replace lost original bills of lading.第二十一课Cargo（Marine）Insurance Policy1.三个基本险：（standard cargo insurance-three basic policies）1. Institute cargo clauses (All Risks)一切险2. With（Particular）Average {W.(P).A}水渍险3. Institute cargo clause (Free of particular Average, 即F.P.A )平安险(详见202页)2.保单的原则1. Utmost good faith 2.Indemnity3. Insurable interest3.租船的定义：The charter party ,as distinct from the bill of lading，is an instrument signed between the shipowner and charterer on terms and conditions mutually agreed upon .第二十二课Charter Party1.三种租赁方式：1. Charter by Demise2.Time charter (not by way of demise)3.Voyage charter2.三种方式的概念：Demise Charter is one under which the shipowner leaves the possession and control of the ship to the charter for a specified period of time as mutually agreed upon.Time Charter is one under which the shipowner places the services of a ship at the disposal of the charter for a specified period time , or rather hire out to the charter the entire shipping space of a ship or a substantial part there of for the carriage.V oyage charter is one which, as distinct from a time-charter ,is contracted for the carriage of specified goods on a defined voyage between two or more named ports or for a round or a series of defined voyage within a specified zone.区别：1).Charter by Demise：The charterer responsible for the ship and any damage caused by her to other ships or property .The shipowner，being out of possession，has no lien for the freight due under the charter，but he is not liable towards shippers .2)Time Charter：A time charter is for a fixed period time .The shipowner remains in possession of her with all the important legal consequences that flow there from .3)V oyage charter：A voyage charter is between two or more named ports or for a entire space of the ship is taken up by the charterer for his exclusive use during the contracted voyage or voyages .。
物流英语总复习——词汇选择
总复习~词汇选择1: 物流技术Logistics activityLogistics operationLogistics modulusLogistics technology2: 物流网络Logistics networkLogistics centerLogistics costLogistics management3: 物流单证Logistics informationLogistics enterpriseLogistics documentLogistics alliance4: 销售物流Supply logisticsProduction logisticsDistribution logisticsReturned logistics5: 企业物流Internal logisticsExternal logisticsMilitary logisticsInternational logistics6：定制物流Environmental logisticsCustomized logisticsVirtual logisticsThird part logistics7：电子数据交换Electronic data interchangeValue-added logistics serviceTangible lossIntangible loss8：运输TransportationConsumptionProductionContainerization9：联合运输Combined transportThrough transportTransfer transportDrop and pull transport10：门到场Door to doorDoor to cyDoor to cfsTerminal to terminal11：库存StorageStackingInventory12: 库存周期Inventory cycle timeCycle stockLead timeOrder cycle time13: 堆码Goods stackStackingHandling/carryingLoading and unloading14：中性包装Sales packagePacking of nominated brand Neutral packingTransport package15：散装化ContainerizationIn bulkCross dockingDistribution16：共同配送DistributionJoint distribution Distribution center Distribution processing17：集货Order pickingGoods collectionAssemblySorting18：出口监管仓库Export supervised warehouse Stereoscopic warehouse Virtual warehouseBoned warehouse19: 冷冻区Chill spaceFreeze spaceReceiving spaceShipping space20：货场Goods shedGoods yardGoods shelfPallet21：叉车Folk lift truckAutomatics guided vehicleConveyor22: 集装箱货运站Railway container yardContainer freight station (CFS) Container terminalInland container depot23：班轮运输International through railway transport International multimodal transportLand bridge transportLiner transport24：船务代理Shipping agencyInternational freight forwarding agentTallyInternational transportation cargo insurance 25：报关Customs declarationCustoms brokerCommodity inspectionInventory control26：物流战略Logistics strategyWarehouse managementWarehouse layoutQuick Response (QR)27: 定期订货方式Economic Order Quantity (FOQ)Fixed Quantity System (FQS)Fixed Interval System (FIS)ABC classification28: 制造资源计划Material Requirement Planning (MRP) Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Distribution Resource Planning (DRP) 29：物流成本管理Electronic Order System (EOS)Just-in-time logisticsZero-inventory logisticsLogistics cost control30：供应链管理Supply chainSupply Chain Management (SCM) Efficient Customer Response (ECR) Continuous Replenishment Program (CRP) 31: 业务外包Computer Assisted Ordering (CAO) Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) OutsourcingAccuracy audit32：附加价值Accounting costActual weightAdded valueMore value33: 应用供应商After-sales servicesAggregate shipmentAir pollutionApplication Service Provider (ASP)34：资源回收Asset recoveryAir freightAutomated Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) Automated warehouse35: 回程BackwardationBack haulAvailable vehicle capacityAutomated Vehicle Identification (AVI)36: 条形码扫描机Bar code labelBar code scannerBi-directional readBay37：批号Base stockBatch numberBear marketBull market38：托运单Belt conveyorBill of Lading (B/L)Bill of Material (BOM)Broken carton39: 散装运送业BrokerBulk carrierBulk containerClosed distribution system40：业务流程重组Business process re-engineering (BPR) Cancellation chargeCargoCargo booking41: 集中采购Cargo inspectionCash discountCentralized dispatchingCentralized procurement42：分销渠道Check inChannel of distributionChief Logistics Officer (CLO)Claim43：联合采购Cost controlConsumer physical distribution Cooperative buyingCubed out44：客户关系管理Customer serviceCraneCustomer Relationship Management (CRM) Deadhead45：分货中心Data warehousingDeclining conveyorDe-consolidation centerDelivery terminal46：全球定位系统Decision support system (DSS)Executive Support System (ESS) Geographic Information System (GIS)Global Positioning System (GPS)47: 需求预测Design for logisticsDepalletizerDemand forecastingEconomic stock48：国内物流Domestic intercity truckingDomestic logisticsDirect distributionDirect store delivery49: 双托盘处理Dispatching areaDouble floor stackingDouble pallets handlingDouble pallet jack50：独家分销DutyElectronic clearanceExclusive distributionExport51: 产品说明标签Fact tagHot tagFactory priceFixed rack52：搬家公司Flatbed trailerFleetFurniture removal carriers53: 集成物流Industrial Engineering (IE)Global logisticsIntegrated logisticsLogistician54：手提扫描仪Bar code scannerHandheld scannerLaser scannerOptical scanner55: 共同配送Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) Interchange terminalInventory controlJoint distribution56：标签机FirewallKanban systemMarking machineLabel making machine57: 物流管理Knowledge managementLogistics managementLogistics engineeringCold chain58：市场导向Loose packageMake to orderMarket orientationMarket share59: 多层仓库Material handling equipment MiddlewareMulti-story warehouseDouble floor stacking60：牌照Noise pollutionNumber plateOn seasonPackage61：处理中心Open DataBase Connectivity （ODBC）Order processingOrder Point System （OPS）Process center62：质量控制OverloadQuality controlProcurementQuarantine63：零售Regional distribution center Retail sellingWholesaling64：供应链Safety stockRackSealing machineSupply chain65: 真空包装Tank containerTemporary laborVacuum packagingVoice recognition66：物流作业Logistics operation Logistics technology Logistics activity Logistician68: 社会物流Internal logisticsExternal logistics International logistics Global logistics69：搬运StackingTrimmingHandling/carrying Loading and unloading70：定牌包装Sales packageTransport packagePacking of nominated brand Neutral packing71：直达运输Combined transport Through transport Transfer transportDrop and pull transport72：物流联盟Logistics networkLogistics enterprise Logistics documents Logistics alliance74：无形损耗Tangible lossIntangible lossWaste materialScrap disposal75：保税仓库Stereoscopic warehouse Virtual warehouseBoned warehouseExported supervised warehouse 76：零担运输In bulkFull Container Load （FCL）Less-than Container Load （LCL）Less-than Truck Load （LTL）77: 转运站GatewayDelivery terminalContainer freight station (CFS) Depot78：收货区Chill spaceFreeze spaceHumidity control space Receiving space79: 清关Customs declarationCustoms clearanceCustomer serviceCustoms formality80：企业资源计划MRPMRPⅡERPDPR81：经济订货批量Fixed Quantity System (FQS) Fixed Interval System (FIS)Fixed goods stackEconomic Order Quantity (EOQ) 83：运费、保险费付至目的地DESCIFCIPDDU84: 货交承运人FCADAFDESCFR85: 欧盟机械产品安全标志ASCEULCSA86：销售确认书S/CS/OPOSSCM87：进货清点Check inCheck outCargo inspection Quarantine88: 物品用料清单BOMB/LD/OHAWB90：售后服务Customer serviceAfter-sales service Parts serviceAfter market service 91: 物流模数Logistics mode Logistics movement Logistics modulus Logistics motion93：回收物流Waste material logistics Returned logistics Recycle logistics Recycling96：虚拟物流Information logistics Virtual logisticsImage logisticsNon-material logistics 97: 集装运输Container transport Containerized transport Combined transport Condition transport98：经常库存Current inventoryCycle stockCycle inventory Regular stock100：自动化仓库Automatic warehouse Automated warehouse Automation warehouse Auto warehouse101: 输送机BeltBelt machine ConveyorTransport belt machine 102：集装箱码头Container yardContainer placeContainer pierContainer terminal103：集装箱货运站Container cargo stationContainer goods stationContainer freight stationContainer station104：国际货运代理International transport agency International agentInternational freight forwarding agent International tally105：决策支持系统Decision support systemDecision supply systemDecision supply management Executive support system106：防火墙Wall to stop fireElectronic wall to stop fireComputer protection systemFirewall107: 联运站Interchange terminalCombined terminalThrough transport terminal Interchange station109：起重机Fork liftCraneLift machineLift weight machine110：零库存技术Zero inventoryZero-inventory logisticsZero-inventory technologyZero-inventory control111: 分拣SeparatingSeparating processSortSorting112：装卸Load and unloadLoading and unloadingPut on and offMove in and out114：自动数据采集ADC automatic data collection115: 自动化存取系统ASRS116: 顾客、竞争、变化3C117: 一般原产地证书CAO certificate of origin118: 完税后交货价DDP119: 目的港船上交货价DES delivery EX ship120：站场收据D/R dock receipt121：整箱FCL full container load122：文件传输协议FTP file transfer protocol123：全球运输网GTN global transport net124: 因特网内容提供商ICP internet content provider125：零担运输LTL less-than truck load126: 多式联运单据MTD multimodal transport document127: 便携式数据终端设备PDT portable data terminal128: 装货单S/O shipping order129：增殖物流服务VAL value added logistics130：海运提单Ocean bill of lading131: 物权凭证Document of titleT h e e n d基本概念术语1．物品article 2．物流logistics 3．物流活动logistics activity 4．物流作业logistics operation 5．物流模数logistics modulus 6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本logistics cost 8．物流管理logistics management 9．物流中心logistics center 10．物流网络logistics network 11．物流信息logistics information 12．物流企业logistics enterprise 13．物流单证logistics documents 14．物流联盟logistics alliance 15．供应物流supply logistics 16．生产物流production logistics 17．销售物流distribution logistics 18．回收物流returned logistics 19．废弃物物流waste material logistics 20．绿色物流environmental logistics 21．企业物流internal logistics 22．社会物流external logistics 23．军事物流military logistics 24．国际物流international logistics 25．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL) 26．定制物流customized logistics 27．虚拟物流virtual logistics 28．增值物流服务value-added logistics service 29．供应链supply chain 30．条码bar code 31．电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI) 32．有形消耗tangible loss 33．无形消耗intangible loss物流作业术语1．运输transportation 2．联合运输combined transport 3．直达运输through transport 4．中转运输transfer transport 5．甩挂运输drop and pull transport 6．集装运输containerized transport 7．集装箱运输container transport 8．门到门door-to-door 9．整箱货full container load (FCL) 10．拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11．储存storing 12．保管storage 13．物品储存article reserves 14．库存inventory 15．经常库存cycle stock 16．安全库存safety stick 17．库存周期inventory cycle time 18．前置期（或提前期）lead time 19．订货处理周期order cycle time 20．货垛goods stack 21．堆码stacking 22．搬运handing/carrying 23．装卸loading and unloading 24．单元装卸unit loading and unloading 25．包装package/packaging 26．销售包装sales package 27．定牌包装packing of nominated brand 28．中性包装neutral packing 29．运输包装transport package 30．托盘包装palletizing 31．集装化containerization 32．散装化containerization 33．直接换装cross docking 34．配送distribution 35．共同配送joint distribution 36．配送中心distribution center 37．分拣sorting 38．拣选order picking 39．集货goods collection 40．组配assembly 41．流通加工distribution processing 42．冷链cold chain 43．检验inspection物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库 warehouse 2．库房 storehouse 3．自动化仓库 automatic warehouse 4． 4立体仓库 stereoscopic warehouse 5．虚拟仓库 virtual warehouse 6．保税仓库 boned warehouse 7．出口监管仓库 export supervised warehouse 8．海关监管货物 cargo under customer’s supervision 9．冷藏区 chill space 10．冷冻区 freeze space 11．控湿储存区 humidity controlled space 12．温度可控区 temperature controlled space 13．收货区 receiving space 14．发货区 shipping space 15．料棚 goods shed 16．货场 goods yard 17．货架 goods shelf 18．托盘 pallet 19．叉车 fork lift truck 20．输送机 conveyor 21．自动导引车 automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22．箱式车 box car 23．集装箱 container 24．换算箱 twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU) 25．特种货物集装箱 specific cargo container 26．全集装箱船 full container ship 27．铁路集装箱场 railway container yard 28．公路集装箱中转站 inland container depot 29．集装箱货运站 container freight station (CFS) 30．集装箱码头 container terminal 31．国际铁路联运 international through railway transport 32．国际多式联运 international multimodal transport 33．大陆桥运输 land bridge transport 34．班轮运输 liner transport 35．租船运输 shipping by chartering 36．船务代理 shipping agency 37．国际货运代理 international freight forwarding agent 38．理货 tally 39．国际货物运输保险 international transportation cargo insurance 40．报关 customs declaration 41．报关行 customs broker 42．进出口商品检验 commodity inspection物流管理术语1．物流战略 logistics strategy 2．物流战略管理 logistics strategy management 3．仓库管理 warehouse management 4．仓库布局 warehouse layout 5．库存控制 inventory control 6．经济订货批量 economic order quantity (EOQ) 7．定量订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FQS) 8．定期订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FIS) 9． ABC分类管理 ABC classification 10．电子订货系统 Electronic order system (EOS) 11．准时制 just in time (JIT) 12．准时制物流 just-in-time logistics 13．零库存技术 zero-inventory logistics 14．物流成本管理 logistics cost control 15．物料需要计划 material requirements planning (MRP) 16．制造资源计划 manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17．配送需要计划 distribution requirements planning (DRP) 18．配送资源计划 distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19．物流资源计划 logistics resource planning (LRP) 20．企业资源计划 enterprise resource planning (ERP) 21．供应链管理 supply chain management (SCM) 22．快速反映 Quick response (QR) 23．有效客户反映 efficient customer response(ECR) 24．连续库存补充计划 continuous replenishment program (CRP) 25．计算机付诸订货系统 computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26．供应商管理库存 vendor managed inventory (VMI) 27．业务外包 outsourcing。
110112-物流英语
《物流英语》综合复习资料一、单项选择1. Logistics is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of ____________customer requirements.A. meetB. fulfillC. meetingD. satisfy2. People tend to ______logistics ____the flow of goods, yes , it is partly right, but logistics is much more than that.A. refer asB. prefer toC. view withD. viewing as3. Road transportation is capable of providing a______________ service without any break in the journey to change from one vehicle to another.A.port to portB. end to endC. long distanceD. door to door4. ________________________is one of the most energy efficient modes of land transport.A. road transportB. water transportC. rail transportD. air transport5. Main purpose of distribution centers is to maximize _____________.A. costB. profitC.storageD. throughput6. Although variable slot location system can achieve more efficient space utilization, it requires advanced _____________________to keep track with the product locations.A. technologyB. information systemC.skillD. management7. The JIT approach seeks to minimize inventory by reducing _______stock, as well as by having the required amount of materials arrive at the production location at the exact time that they are needed.A .safety B. cycle C. transit D. speculative8. The adoption of VMI helps distributor and retailer to reduced __________and achieve higher inventory turnover.A .waste B. risk C. cost D. stock-out9. Adequate ______ or (labeling) is an essential component of the package.A .marking B. protection C. package D. communication10. LIS can be used to ______transportation management, warehouse management, and operations planning and scheduling, etc.A .carry outB .practice C. implement D. support11. Demand forecasting refers to efforts to estimate product demand in a ______time period.A . long B. short C. future D. long-term12. Transportation refer to the physical movement of goods from point of _______to point of__________.A . start end B. market manufacture C. origin consumption D. here there13. ________________ is usually considered as the cleanest among all transportation modes.A . road transport B. water transport C. rail transport D. air transport14. Air transportation is perceived as ___________ compared to the charges of land and ocean freight.A . cheap B. fast C. expensive D. reliability15. Bulk cargo refers to freight, both dry or liquid, that is_______________, such as minerals (oil, coal, iron ore) and grains.A . weight B. packaged C. seal D. not packaged16. Break-bulk cargo refers to general cargo that has been ______________in some ways with the use of bags, boxes or drums.A . weight B. packaged C. seal D. not packaged17. Warehousing can be defined as the part of logistics systems that store products (raw materials, parts, goods-in-process, finished goods…) at and between points of ______to points of____________.A . start end B. market manufacture C. origin consumption D. here there18. Distribution centers emphasize the ____________movement of products through a facility.A . slow B. rapid C. large D. short- distance19. The increase of transit time for these inventories would lead to an_________ in the size of the transit inventory.A . decrease B. need C. increase D. reduction20. Because dead inventory increases inventory carrying cost, reduces inventory turnover and takes up space in warehousing facility, companies should __________the size of dead inventory.A . reduce B. increase C. maximize D. minimize21. _____________________can be removed from the product without affecting its characteristics.A . sale packaging B. grouped packagingC. transport packagingD. protect packaging22. ______________packaging (or under packaging) can lead to spillages and result in major losses and serious damage.A . sale B. defective C. strong D. adequate23. Advanced Technologies refer to technologies that ________ decision-making capabilities for transportation management, warehouse management, and demand forecasting and planning among others.A .enhance B. make C. implement D. carry out24. As a computer processes the documents in EDI , there is also______ chance of human error.A . many B. much C. less D. little25. Bulk containers are _______containers designed for bulk material handling, such as grain and cement.A . bigger B. heavy duty C. non packaged D. standard26. A tank container is used for the transportation of a wide variety of _______cargoes.A . bulk B. solid C. tangible D. liquid27. A bill of lading is used for sea shipment and is a certificate of _________ of goods.A . mark B. possess C. ownership D. holding28. A letter of credit gives the seller reassurance that he will ______the payment for the goods.A . receive B. pay C. got D. possess29. A 3PL provider, who has long been operating in that country, will be better able to ________the logistics operations.A . carry out B. possess C. complete D. hold30. By outsourcing all these, corporations may focus on their _____________and on improving cycle time and delivery performance, thereby increasing customer satisfaction.A . mark B. competency C. ownership D. market二、判断对错1. There are a variety of definition about the term “logistics”, each have slightly different meaning.2. Logistics involves the flow and storage of “goods, services, and related information”.3. Bulk carriers are generally very big.4. Exchange of information among different companies can result in faster order placement, quicker delivery, and greater accountability throughout the logistics process.5. Good customer service is to make sure that the right person receive the right product with the right quantity at the right place at the right time in the right condition ,even the cost is very high.6. Bulk commodities, such as coal can not be transported by pipeline.7. Liner services is commonly used to carry general cargo in relatively small shipments and limited volumes.8. Distribution centers emphasizes the storage of product and their primary purpose is to maximize usage of available storage space.9. Contract warehousing also tends to be more cost-effective than private warehousing with almost the same degree of control, because key specifications can be included in the contract.10. A warehouse with huge amount of seasonal products should use fix slot location system.11. Its generally cheaper to build up than build out.12. Goods that have been shipped out and on their way to a company’s warehouse is not counted as inventory.13. “A”items approximately represent 80 percent of total inventory costs.14.A cardboard containing 20 boxes of cigarettes is regarded as grouped packaging.15. A variety of LIS has been designed and implemented for different logistics activities.16. Companies that use EDI for communication and transaction have to make sure that the documents used by both parties are in the same format.17. Bulk container are designed for transportation of seafood, fruits, as well as photographic film, plants, delicate machine, and pharmaceuticals.18. Container is a great innovation in 20th century and is used firstly in commercial trade transportation.19. A bill of lading can only be used for sea shipment.20. Air waybill can present ownership of shipment.21. Air waybill is not a negotiable document and the shipper lose ownership of the goods after handing it over to the airline.22. A Certificate of Origin is a signed statement issued by the country of origin where the product is shipped out.23. “Green”procurement requires a company or organization to carry out an assessment of the environmental consequences of a product at all the various stages of its lifecycle.三、术语翻译物流物流管理客户服务公路运输私人仓库四、英译汉1. For example, if a company promises that all orders will be shipped within 24 hours of receipt, what percentage of orders are actually shipped within 24 hours of receipt?2.We should keep in mind that one logistics system does not fit all companies. The number of activities in a logistics system can vary from company to company.3.Air transport is mainly for goods that are valuable, such as watches, gold, electrical components, or perishable such as flowers, meats or lightweight product such as mails.4.But more recently, contract warehousing (also referred to as third-party warehousing) has emerged as another warehousing alternative.5.Logistics contract normally refers to the agreement concluded by two parties and enforced by law, according to the clauses of contract, both parties promise to provide or accept particular logistics service.6. The JIT approach views inventories as waste, therefore, has to be keep to the lowest level, if it can’t not be totally eliminated.7. Such inf ormation includes: product brand names and descriptions; manufacturer’s name and address; quantity; use-by dates; directions for use; storage and disposal; and cautionary or emergency information.8. Processing a paper-based order can cost up 70 US dollars (USD), whereas using EDI costs 1 USD or less.《物流英语》综合复习资料答案一、单项选择二、判断对错三、术语翻译logisticslogistics managementcustomer serviceroad transportationprivate warehouse四、英译汉1.参考答案：例如，如果公司承诺所有订单在24小时内发货，那么24小时内实际发货的订单的比例到底是多少？2.参考答案：我们应该记住一个物流系统不能适应所有的企业。
助理物流师考证物流英语总复习(1)
5: 企业物流 Internal logistics External logistics Military logistics International logistics
6：定制物流 Environmental logistics Customized logistics Virtual logistics Third part logistics
35: 回程 Backwardation Back haul Available vehicle capacity Automated vehicle identification
36: 条形码扫描机 Bar code label Bar code scanner Bi-directional read Bay
33: 应用供应商 After-sales services Aggregate shipment Air pollution Application service provider
34：资源回收 Asset recovery Air freight Automated storage and retrieval system Automated warehouse
46：全球定位系统 Decision support system Executive support system Geographic information system Global positioning system
47: 需求预测 Design for logistics Depalletizer Demand forecasting Economic stock
物流英语复习范围
1.对于第一题词汇题，认真看好12页的练习题10, 26页的包装材料的定义（此部分内容要完全看懂，并且能够理解，尤其是每种包装材料的定义）和84页的练习题3（此练习我们没有讲到，后面附有答案。
）2.对于第二题词汇题，重点考察一些专业术语，认真看好37页的练习题10和84页的练习题3。
3.对于第三题语法题，认真看好65页的练习题3和77页的练习题7。
（这两部分没有讲，后面附有答案）4.对于第四题翻译题，认真看好每一个章节蓝色字体的重要词汇的解释.(后面附有翻译)。
附带内容：1. 65页练习题3答案：1. Most of the oranges for the European market are grown in Spain.2. The fruit is picked by the farmers between November and January.3. Large quantities of oranges can be sold Exporters at Christmas.4. The service of their international partners for shipping the fruit across Europe is often used by Spanish forwarders.5. A large part of the harvests has to be sent by rail.6The imports of oranges in recent years have been greatly increased by the Russians.7.More oranges were consumed than ever before in Russia last year.8.If Russia joined the EU, customs regulations would be abolished and trade between western and eastern Europe would be made easier.2. 77页的练习题7答案：1.We will have to look for an alternative carrier unless you take (take) more care in carrying out our orders in future．2.If we do not receive compensation for the damages．We will have (have) no alternative but to take legal action．3. We would be (be) grateful if you could fax US the name of your insurers.4. If we had known (know)that this would happen，we would have used another carrier．5. It would not have been necessary to call in a surveyor if the goods had been (be) worth less than £2500.6. Fish will go bad (go bad) if it is left without refrigeration for long.7.The French police would send us a report if we need (need) further information. 6. We will consider the matter settled if you arrange (arrange) compensation through your insurance company.3.84页的练习题3答案：1．Berth 2. warrant 3. bagged cargo 4. an industrial plant 5. weather-insensitive goods 6. a bonded warehouse 7. carpenter 8. climatized warehouse4.翻译1．A T1 document is issued by the forwarder to get goods coming from outside the EU out of the free port，but the goods are not cleared by customs until they have been presented at a customs office．This can be in Rotterdam，at the border, in Pinneberg or anywhere else．For customs clearance the T1 and the documents——in this case，the commercial invoice and certificate of origin——are required．At customs the T1 is exchanged for a T2 document，which means that these goods have been cleared and are now free to move anywhere within the EU．T1 文件是由代运人签署的使来自于欧盟以外的货物出入欧盟自由港的证件，在不具备T1文件时，货物是不能够清关的。