2010年考研英语高分冲刺模拟试题六套(二)
2010年全国自考英语(二)模拟试卷(六)及答案
2010年全国自考英语（二）模拟试卷(六)一、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.There is the apparent paradox ______ the effective cause of the high proportionof the old is births rather than deaths.A. whichB.thatC. whatD. why答案：B2.Chinese and Russian scientists have reported that in places ______ stress isbuilding up, the radon levels of the water build up too.A.whatB. thatC. whichD.where答案：D3.______ by guards with guns, they raised their legs in unison and made their wayto the edge of the highway, Interstate 65.A.Watching overB.Watch onC. Watched overD.Be watched over答案：C4.Workers can put their aggression into their work, ______ it physical like thework of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.A. beB.isC.beingD.been答案：A5.Their ______ Coll Smith says, “Animal research is irrelevant to our healthand it can often produce misleading results.”A. spokesmanB. spokeman..C. speaking manD.spoken man答案：A6. Parents, teachers in schools, work associates and communicators in or using the mass media are all capable of ______ our potential interests.A.arousingB. arisingC. risingD. raising答案：A7.Our likes and ______ are all related to social contexts and learning experiences.A.unlikesB.dislikesC.alikesD.nonlikes答案：B8. A car accident ______ him from playing football.A.enabledB. abledC. disabledD. unabled答案：C9.Do you think there is a period in one’s life when one isparticularly______sickness,accident or disasters of other kinds?A.sensitive toB.available forC.vulnerable toD.ready for答案：C解析：C sensitive to 对…敏感；vulnerable to易受…攻击的；易受…伤害的。
【精品】2010年度考研英语冲刺试卷.doc
2010年度考研英语冲刺试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Few scientific fields are as full of risk as that of research into human intelligence. The two ques-tions that 1 over and over again are “is it a result of nature or nurture?” and“does race make a difference?”Making 2 comments about the second question can be a 3 move, as James Wat-son, a co-discoverer of DNA structure, recently found. He suggested that he was “ 4 about the prospect of Africa ” 5 “all our social policies are based on the fact that their intelligence is the same as ours (white people) 6 all the testing says not really ”. Such7 are not merely 8 , they are scientifically weird. If the term race has any useful scientific meaning, then Afri-ca, the continent where modern 9 began, is most racially diverse. The resulting 10 among the public forced Dr. Watson to leave his laboratory.11 , the study of 12 between intelligence and genetics has some wiser practi-tioners. One of them, Terrie Moffitt, of King ’s College, has just 13 a project 14 the relative importance of nature and nurture. Dr. Moffitt ’s team 15 the effect on intelligence of breastfeeding, but in a genetic context. Previous studies have shown that breastfed children are more intelligent, 16 about six IQ points, than those given baby formulas.The team, however, 17 the involvement of a gene called FADS2, which comes in twovarieties, known as C and G. The researchers 18 if these two varieties 19 differently with breast milk. 20 on data from two groups of people, they found that the intelligence in-crease associated with breastfeeding only happened to people having inherited at least one copy of the C variety. The effect did not depend on the social classes or IQs of the parents.1. [A] happen [B] rise [C] arise [D] arouse2. [A] prompt [B] hasty [C] general [D] stupid3. [A] career- killing [B] career- facilitating [C] time- consuming [D] energy-saving4. [A] gloomy [B] optimistic [C] concerned [D] alarmed5. [A] therefore [B] because [C] so [D] but6. [A] however [B] whereas [C] since [D] as7. [A] polices [B] tests [C] remarks [D] questions8. [A] offensive [B] confusing [C] promising [D] objective9. [A] civilization [B] culture [C] society [D] humanity10. [A] finding [B] uproar [C] complexity [D]puzzlement11. [A] Fortunately [B] Particularly [C] Furthermore [D] Indeed12. [A] similarities [B] differences [C] links [D] contradictions13. [A] sponsored [B] recommended [C] criticized [D] supervised14. [A] concluding [B] investigating [C] judging [D] emphasizing15. [A] had [B] examined [C] discovered [D] suggested16. [A] with [B] at [C] to [D] by17. [A] suspected [B] doubted [C] disapproved [D] challenged18. [A] questioned [B] wondered [C] noted [D] found19. [A] combined [B] contradicted [C] reacted [D] interacted20. [A] Deciding [B] Acting [C] Drawing [D] ReflectingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1The idea that boys and girls—and men and women—are programmed by evolution to behavedifferently from one another is now widely acknowledged. But which of the differences betweenin the sense that they have been honed by evolution, and whi ch arethe sexes are “biological”,“cultural” or “environmental” and might more easily be altered by changed circumstances, is still fiercely debated.The sensitivity of the question was shown last year by an uproar at Harvard University. Larrycaused a storm when he suggested that innate ability could be Summers, then Harvard’s president,an important reason why there were so few women in the top positions in mathematics, engineer-ing and the physical sciences.Even as a proposition for discussion, this is unacceptable to some. But biological explana-tions of human behavior are making a comeback (卷土重来). The success of neo-Darwinism hasprovided an intellectual foundation for discussion about why some differences between the sexesmight be innate. And new scanning techniques have enabled researchers t o examine the brain’sinterior while it is working, showing that male and female brains do, at one level, operate differ-s (陈旧说辞) about what the differ-ently. The results, however, do not always support past clichéences in question actually are.Another behavioral difference that has borne a huge amount of scrutiny is in mathematics, particularly since Dr. Summers’ comments. The problem with trying to argue that the male ten-dency to systemize might lead to greater mathematical ability is that, in fact, girls and boys areequally good at maths prior to teenage years. Until recently, it was believed that males outper-formed females in mathematics at all ages. Today, that picture has changed, and it appears thatmales and females of any age are equally good at computation and at understanding mathematical concepts. However, after their mid-teens, men are better at problem solving than women are.The question raised by Dr. Summers does get to the heart of the matter. Over the past 50 years,women have made huge progress into academia and within it. Slowly, they have worked their wayinto the higher echelons (等级)of discipline after discipline. But some parts of the ivory towerhave proved harder to occupy than others. The question remains, to what degree is the absence ofwomen in science, mathematics and engineering caused by innate, immutable ability?Innate it may well be. That does not mean it is immutable. A variety of abilities are amenable totraining in both sexes. And such training works. Biology may predispose, but it is not necessarilydestiny.(Line 3, Paragraph 1) most probably mean?21. What does the word “honed”[A] started [B] determined [C] created [D] sharpened22. Which of the following statements would Larry Summers support?[A] Women were innately less able than men in some areas.[B] Women have limited capacity in all research fields.[C] Women should not choose careers in maths, engineering, etc.[D] Women are facing discrimination in their careers.23. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?[A] Neo-Darwinism offered biological evidence of the innate sex differences.[B] Female innate ability is not the only reason for their academic position.[C] Boys and girls performed equally well in problem solving in teenage years.[D] Dr. Summers ignored the fact that women have risen to the top of the ivory tower.24. The sentence “Biology may predispose, but it is not necessarily destiny.” (Line 2, Para. 7) in-dicates that_________.[A] B iological factors determine one’s capabilities.[B] Women’s role is not decided by destiny.[C] Biological differences could be changed.[D]Abilities can be acquired despite innate differences.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Sex Difference: Who is Smarter?[B] Female Lag in Certain Fields: Gender Difference[C] Differences Between the Sexes: Mismeasure of Women[D] Gender Inequality: Female Inferiority ProvedText 2In the early days of the internet, the idea that it represented an entirely new and separaterealm, distinct from the real world, was seized upon by both advocates and critics of the newtechnology. Advocates liked the idea that the virtual world (虚拟世界) was a placeless datasphere,liberated from constraints and restrictions of the real world, and an opportunity for a fresh start.For instance, John Perry Barlow, an internet activist, issued the “Declaration of the Independence in February 1996. He thundered, “Governments of the industrial wor ld, I comeof Cyberspace” from cyberspace, the new home of mind. Cyberspace does not lie within your borders. We arecreating a world that all may enter without privilege or prejudice accorded by race, economicpower, military force, or station of birth.”Where Mr. Barlow and other cyber-Utopians found the separation between the real and virtu-al worlds exciting, however, critics regarded it as a cause for concern. They worried that peoplewere spending too much time online, communicating with people they had never even met in per-son in chat rooms, virtual game worlds and, more recently, on social-networking sites such asMySpace and Facebook. A study carried out by the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study ofSociety in 2000, for example, found that heavy internet users spent less time talking to friends andfamily, and warned that the internet could be “the ultimate isolating technology”．Both groups were wrong, of course. The internet has not turned out to be a thing apart. Un-pleasant aspects of the real world, such as taxes, censorship, crime and fraud are now features ofthe virtual world, too. Gamers who make real money selling swords, gold and other items in virtu-al game worlds may now find that the tax man wants to know about it. Designers of virtual objectsin Second Life, an online virtual world, are resorting to real-world lawsuits in order to protect their intellectual property.At the same time, however, some of the most exciting uses of the internet rely on coupling itwith the real world. Social networking allows people to stay in touch with their friends online, andplan social activities in the real world. The distinction between online and offline chatter ceases tomatter. Or consider Google Earth, which puts satellite images of the whole world on your desktopand allows users to link online data with specific physical locations.All these approaches treat the internet as an extension or an attachment to the physical world,not a separate space. Rather than seeing the real and virtual realms as distinct and conflicting, inshort, it makes sense to see them as complementary and connected. The resulting fusion is notwhat the Utopians or the critics foresaw, but it suits the rest of us just fine.26. According to the first paragraph, internet advocates believed that__________.[A] internet stood for progress of the technology[B] virtual realm was a world without boundaries[C] cyberspace liberated the real world[D] cyberspace can be entered by anyone for free27. Why is John Perry Barlow mentioned in Paragraph 1?[A] To criticize governments of industrial countries.[B] To show the influence of the Internet.[C] To advocate the equality for all.favor of cyberspace.[D] To illustrate the advocates’ 28. The passage suggests that critics of the new technology ___________.[A] were concerned about the separation of people from the real world[B] worried that friends would never meet in person[C] were concerned that people were too engaged in social networks[D] would believe the internet could isolate people online29. It can be inferred from the passage that ___________.[A] virtual world is free from the dark sides of the real world[B] there is no difference between chatting online and offline nows activities online can also affect their real world activities[C] people’[D] people who make real money in virtual games have to pay taxes30. From the passage we can conclude that the author ____________.[A] supports both advocates and critics of the Internet[B] believes that the real and virtual worlds are interdependent[C] is opposed to the fusion of the internet with the physical world[D] argues that real and virtual worlds are distinct and conflictingText 3Transporting large containers is not as glamorous as making films, but shipping is doing morenearby ports of Los An-than Hollywood to boost southern California’s economy these days. Thegeles and Long Beach, already the two biggest in the country, are growing quickly thanks to tradewith China. They are a giant job-creating engine, stimulating industrial and warehouse employ-ment on a scale not seen in the region since the rise of the aerospace industry after the SecondWorld War. Sadly, like most engines, they are filthy.The ports themselves reckon they are responsible for about 12% of all the diesel particleemissions and 45% of the sulphur oxides(硫的氧化物)in southern California. Carried east byprevailing winds, such pollutants help to create some of America’s worst air more than 50 miles inland. Those who live close to the freeways leading out of the ports suffer the most. Researchershave found that children living within a few hundred meters of such roads are not only more likelyto suffer from asthma, a disease of the breathing system and characterized by sudden recurringattacks of labored breathing, and coughing. They actually have smaller lungs.The most ambitious effort to control pollution, and the one that may affect the local economymost drastically, involves truckers. Some 16,000 lorries currently haul containers between shipsand warehouses, most of whom are owned by Hispanic immigrants. The drivers put in long hours:13 a day is not unusual, according to a survey. They earn, on average, just under $35,000 a year.Such jobs, like many connected to the port, are an important stepping-stone on the path to themiddle class.The ports want to remove the oldest trucks and gradually upgrade the others so that, withinfive years, the fleet emits four-fifths less pollution than at present. To help pay for this, they intendto levy (征收) a fee of $34 to $54 on every “dirty” vehicle entering the port. Most important, theywant to turn a large, unwieldy network of independent contractors into a more orderly group ofraldine Knatz,companies, as happens in an airport. “We need to have more control,” explains Gethe head of Los Angeles’ port.The reforms do nonetheless pose a threat to the ports’ competitiveness. At present, the truck-ers who work at the docks are price-takers, not price-setters. Because they are self-employed, theyare almost impossible to unionize, and consequently have little bargaining power. All that couldquite easily change if they were to become the employees of a few large firms. Indeed, the mostbut from theenthusiastic welcome for the ports’ plans has come not from environmental groupsTeamsters’ union.31. What is the passage mainly about?[A] The consequences of shipping industry in southern California.[B] The causes of pollution along the coast of southern California.[C] The pollution problem of the shipping industry in southern California..[D] The role of shipping industry in southern California’s economy32. The author mentions the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach to _________.[A] prove they are the largest ports in the United States[B] demonstrate they create many new job opportunities[C] highlight that shipping is less glamorous than making movies[D] emphasize the role of shipping in southern California’s economy33. We can infer from the passage that___________.[A] Hollywood hardly improves southern Califor nia’s economy[B] the shipping industry there is as dirty as other industries[C] people living near these ports suffer the most[D] the polluted air may cause both asthma and smaller lungs34. According to the passage, the most ambitious effort to control pollution ______________.[A] could help improve the local economy[B] will be financially supported by the truckers[C] may depend on independent contractors[D] will upgrade all the trucks to reduce pollutioniveness in that_________.35. The reforms threaten the port’s competit[A] the truckers’ unionization would raise the cost of the ports[B] truckers working at the docks are price-takers[C] the Teamsters’ union would have little bargaining power[D] environmental groups are not enthusiastic about the plansText 4Whether you think the human story begins in a garden in Mesopotamia known as Eden, or inpresent-day east Africa, it is clear that human beings did not start life as an urban creature. Man’habitat at the outset was dominated by the need to find food, and hunting and gathering were ruralpursuits. Not until around 11,000 years ago, did he start building anything that might be called avillage. It took another 6000 years for cities of more than 100,000 people to develop.In terms of human history this may seem a welcome development. It would be questionableto say that nothing of consequence has ever come out of the countryside. The wheel was presuma-bly a rural invention. Even city-dwellers need bread as well as circuses. And if Dr. Johnson andShelley were right to say that poets are the true legislators of mankind, then all those hills andlakes and other rural delights must be given credit for inspiring them.But the rural contribution to human progress seems slight compared with the urban one. Cit-ies’ development is synonymous with human development. The first villages came with the emer-gence of agriculture and the domestication of animals: people no longer had to wander but couldinstead draw together in settlements, allowing some to develop particular skills. After a while thefarmers could produce surpluses, and the various products could be exchanged.Living together meant security. But people also drew together for the practical advantages ofbeing in a particular place: by a river or spring, on a defensible hill or peninsula, next to an estuary(the mouth of a river) or other source of food. Also important, argue historians, was a settlement’s capacity to draw people to it as a meeting-place, often for sacred or spiritual purposes. Graves,groves, even caves might become places for ceremonies and rituals. Man did not live by breadalone.But bread, in the broadest sense, was important. People came to cities not just to worship butto trade and the goods they bought and sold were not just farm products but the manufactures ofurban craftsmen and skilled workers. The city became a centre of exchange, both of goods and ofideas, and so it also became a centre of learning, and innovation.Cities were much more than all of this, of course, and they were not all the same. As they de-veloped, some were most notable for their religious role, as the hub of an empire, as centres ofadministration, political development, learning, or commerce. Some flourished, some died, theirlongevity depending on factors as varied as conquest, plague, misgovernment or economic col-lapse.36. The first paragraph suggests that early human being s’ living places_________.[A] started either in Eden or east Africa[B] had much to do with food in the beginning[C] were dominated by their pursuits[D] developed into large cities 6,000 years ago37. In the second paragraph, the author mainly intends to tell us that________.[A] the emergence of cities seem to be a favorable development[B] nothing significant was developed in the countryside[C] urban people need both food and entertainments[D] countryside did make contributions to human history38. One reason why people began to live together is that_______.[A] they needed to find food together[B] they would assemble for particular purposes[C] they could be protected by rivers or graves[D] they could share the nearby natural resources39. By saying “Man did not live by bread alone”（line 5, paragraph 4）, the author means________.[A] people needed to eat a variety of food[B] men often lived beside food sources[C] men ought to live a more noble life[D] besides food, there were other pursuits for men40. Which of the following could best summarize the passage?[A] The city rises; the country falls—the history of human’s living places.[B] From hunting/gathering to exchanging—the history of city functions.[C] From villages to cities—the history of urbanity.[D] Isolated, country; united, urban—how countryside and cities differ.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences h ave been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)All big ideas start life on the fringes of debate. Very often it takes a shocking event to move them into the mainstream. Until last year climate change was mainly the interest of scientists and green lobbyists. But since Hurricane Katrina, something seems to have changed, particularly in America. Nobody knows whether the hurricane really had anything to do with the earth warming. But for the first time less green voters and big business had a clearer idea about the “extreme weather events” whose increasing frequency scientists had been talking about.pro-business Conservatives have There are plenty of anecdotal signs of change: Britain’sturned green; Al Gore is back in fashion in America; hybrid cars no longer get stared at.[41]____________________.So far the political rows about global warming have centred on two polluters, smoggy facto-ries and dirty cars. [42] _______________________.In some ways, the airlines are an odd target for greens. They produce only around 3% of the-made carbon emissions. [43] _____________________. By shipping hordes of ordi-world’s mannary people around the globe for not very much money, they have improved the lives of millions.[44] ________________________. Air transport will soon be central, not marginal, to theemissions issue.What, if anything, should be done? As usual, there are dangers on both sides. Excessive regu-lation would unnecessarily restrict individual choice and throttle (抑制)an industry that makesboth rich and poor countries better off. On the other hand, airlines no less than any other industrymust pay for pollution.[45] _________________________. And, although other forms of transport cannot easily re-place flying, demand for many flights is sensitive to price. A quarter of flying is business-related;many of those journeys are essential, but others are scarcely more important than a telephone callor video-conference.is a collectiveHowever, addressing individuals’ consciences won’t go that far. Air pollutionproblem, which in this case requires a change in policy. As it stands, the market is in favour of airtravel; the aim should be to make it more balanced. Two approaches are on offer. Some think thebest way to limit emissions is to tax them; others argue for a system that sets a cap on pollution,and lets polluters trade the right to emit.[A] But there is no sign of governments embracing that idea. Given that it is the world’s first seri-ous attempt to cut emissions internationally, that is not surprising. The world can learn from itsimperfections, and design a better scheme for airlines.[B] Now a new front is being opened up—in the skies. Next month the European Parliament willvote on whether to extend its emissions-trading system to airlines. If it decides in favour, thewhole industry will feel the impact, for it will affect not just European airlines but all those thatfly into and out of the EU. But whatever happens in the EU, it seems that the airlines are boundto face demands that they should pay for their emissions.[C] Slowly, businessmen and politicians are coming to agree with scientists. If this generation doesnot tackle climate change, its descendants will not think much of it. That means raising costsfor all sources of pollution. Even those inexpensive weekend breaks will be cancelled.[D] As the debate grows, some flyers may reconsider their ways. Put frankly, air travel makes amockery of many people’s attempts to live a green life. Somebody who wants to reduce hiscan bicycle to work, never buy aerosols（喷雾剂）and turn off his “carbon footprint” air-conditioner—and still blow away all this virtue on a couple of long flights.[E] Companies are beginning to take actions and encouraging governments to do the same. Europealready has an emissions-trading system (ETS) for its five dirtiest industries. In America, alt-hough the Bush administration still resists federal legislation, more and more states do not.[F] Yet in other ways, airlines are a fine target. They pay no tax on fuel for international flights,principle. Their emissions are especially damaging, and therefore escape the “polluter pays” too. And the industry’s energy consumption has been growing faster than that of other pollut-ing industries.[G] Surface transport, by contrast, produces 22%. Europe’s merchant ships spew out around a thirdmore carbon than aircraft do, and nobody is going after them. And unlike cars—potent sym-bols of individualism (and, some would say, individual selfishness)—airlines are publictransport, jamming in as many people as they can into each plane.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Yourtranslation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of humanintelligence in 1905. (46) But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stan-by his or herford, who thought to divide a test taker’s “mental age,” as revealed by that score,biological age to derive a number that he called “IQ”．It would be hard to think of a pop-scientificcoinage that has had a greater impact on the way people think about themselves and others.(47) No country embraced the IQ more thoroughly than the U.S., where millions of peoplehave their IQ measured annually, many with a direct descendant of Binet’s original test, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying publicschool students who needed extra help in learning, and that is still one of its leading uses.But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelli-gence—part science, part sociology—that developed in the late 19th century, before B inet’s workand entirely separate from it. (48) Championed first by Charles Darwin’s cousin Francis Galton, itheld that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, a lot of which could help people beidentified and put in leadership positions.Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great sorting out of the population, sothat young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the schoolsystem, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The begin-ning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics movement—hugely popular inAmerica and Europe among the “better sort”．In 1958 a British sociologist named Michael Young coined the word “meritocracy” to denote a society that organizes itself according to IQ-test scores. Terman and many other early advocatesof IQ testing had in mind the creation of an American meritocracy, though the word didn’t exist then. (49) They believed IQ tests could be the means to create, for the first time ever, a society inwhich advantage would go to the people who deserved it rather than to those who had been borninto it.In order to believe this, though, you have to believe that merit and a score on an IQ test arethe same thing. (50) Long before IQ was invented, America prided itself on being a country with-out a class system, in which people of talent and industry would rise and be rewarded. The advent。
考研英语复习诀窍+所有复习资料下载地址
考研英语复习诀窍+所有复习资料下载地址前几月也写过一个帖子，谈了医学考研的复习思路，好像已经石沉大海了。
今天又有学弟学妹问我考研心得，问我有没有什么窍门之类的，我苦想了3分钟，说“没有什么啊”。
现在想一想，研究生英语考了不错的分数，其中一定还是有些值得注意的东西吧，叫做窍门也好，经验也罢，总之拿出来，给大家开阔一下思路吧。
首先是要用多长时间复习英语，这是个问题。
应该说，我从来都没有完全丢开英语。
英语是一门语言，想提高英语成绩必须按照语言自身的规律。
首当其冲的就是培养对英语的兴趣。
有很多人在一开始就把英语视为仇敌，还有很多人从来都把英语丢在一边，到了要考试了才开始突击背单词、做阅读。
这些都是不对的，也不可能英语的高分。
如果你能在过去的1年里，经常看英文书报，杂志，小说，网站，听英文广播，英文歌，看欧美电影，那么你会有良好的语感。
事实证明，良好的语感对阅读和写作有太大的帮助了。
如果你能做到专业书尽量读英文版的，那么你的英语阅读水平一定了得了。
所以说，英语的复习是从平时的点滴积累中开始的。
没有平日的积累很难靠突击来提高多少成绩。
当然，考前的针对性复习的主要意义在于使你适应考试的氛围。
而且，临阵磨枪不快也光啊！其次，需要背多少单词？其实问这个问题就是错误的。
再一次，英语是一门语言。
考研大纲规定了大约5500个单词。
即使你对这5500个单词都很熟悉了，可能你读到考研英语阅读的文章还是会磕磕绊绊，而当你读到外国小说的时候你才会发现原来不认得的单词更多。
那么我们应该怎么看这5500单词呢？首先，这是一个基础。
当你达到这5500的词汇量的时候也意味着你对英语的构词法则有了一定的了解，对词根、词缀有了一定的认识，由此你可以在阅读中通过推测，派生等办法认得更多的单词。
但是单词本身毕竟不是语言，最终还是要回到语言中去。
我们中国人学外语还是主要以书面语言为主，所以，多阅读是唯一的出路。
我发现现在周围的人特别是工作以后，越来越没有阅读的习惯了。
2010考研英语(二)真题及答案解析
2010考研英语（二）真题及答案解析Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first deteccted in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2009. It is the first wotldwide cpidemic__1__by the World Health Organization in41years.The heightened alert __2__an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising __3__in Britain ,japan,Chile and elsewhere.Bur the epiemic is “__4__”in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organization’s director general,__5__the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the__6__of any medical treatment.The ourbreak came to gobal__7__in lafe April2009.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually latge number of hospitalizations and deaths__8__ healthy adults. As much ofMexico City Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to__9__in New York City.the southwestem United States and atound the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade__10__warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was__11__flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the__12__tested are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has__13__more than one million people,and caused mone than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials ___14___ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began __15__ orders from the atates for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is__16__ ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those __17__doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not __18__ for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other__19__.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people __20__infants and healthy young people.1.[A]criticized[B]appointed[C]commented[D]designated2.[A]proceeded[B]activated[C]followed[D]prompted3.[A]digits [B]numbers [C]amounts [D]sums4.[A]Moderatre [B]normal [C]unusual [D]extreme5.[A]With [B]in [C]from [D]by6.[A]Progress [B]absence [C]presence [D]favor7.[A]Reality [B]phenomenon [C]cincept [D]notice8.[A]Over [B]for [C]among [D]to9.[A]stay up [B]crop up [C]fill up [D]cover up10.[A]as [B]if [C]unless [D]until11.[A]excessive [B]enormous [C]significant [D]magnificent12.[A]categories [B]examples [C]patterns [D]samples13.[A]imparted [B]immersed [C]injected [D]infected14.[A]released [B]relayed [C]relieved[D]remained15.[A]placing [B]delivering [C]taking [D]giving16.[A]feasible [B]available [C]reliable [D]applicable17.[A]prevalent [B]principal [C]innovative [D]initial18.[A]presented [B]restricted [C]recommended [D]introduced19.[A]problems [B]issues [C]agonies [D]sufferings20.[A]involved in [B]caring for [C]concerned with[D]warding offSection ⅡReading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008 (see picture). All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm-double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector-for Chinese contemporary art-they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christie’s revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell.rapid deve lopme nt of the market economy environme nt to expl ore publi c servants ' duty consumpti on monetizati on reform has provided a good foundation. The socialization of rear servi ce work has been la unche d, and rapi d progre ss in some pl aces a nd departme nts, duty consumption monetiza tion of carrier a nd a ppr oach to manageme nt has bee n resolve d. Thir d, in re cent years, explori ng the monetizati on of duty consumption ha s made some progress, have gai ned some experi ence and ca n provi de reference to the compre he nsive reform of the system of publi c serva nts ' duty consumpt ion further. Impl ementing a n "honest ca nteen", sta ndar dize official e ntertaini ng manageme nt; enhancing t he telecommuni cation expe nse manag ement; elimi nation of County travel and countrysi de subsi dies; research "village official s" capitalizati on ma nagement of corporate spe ndi ng, a nd so on. Finally, gr oup ...18 session to be hel d in Beiji ng from Novem ber 9, 2013 to 12t h. 35 years ag o blew t he third ple nary session of the reform and openi ng up i n the spring breeze, cha nged, affect the w orld; toda y, 35 years late r, in t he eyes of the nation and t he w orld expe ct, again t o reform mark China, ushered i n the 18 sessi on. XI General Se cretary poi nted out that China's reform has e ntered a cr ucial period and the S ham Shui Po Distri ct, must be base d on greater pol itical courage a nd wi sdom, lose no time i n dee peni ng reform in important fields. Dares to crack a hard nut, dares t o question the Rapi ds, which dares t o break the barrier of ideas, a nd dare to be nefit cure barriers. Deepeni ng reform and ope ning up is on sche dul e to achieve institutional safeguar ds of the m oderately well-off. Under the "five in one" the Ge neral layout of socialist modernizati on re quireme nts, 18 sessi on of the de cisi on was a "five in one" and the improveme nt of overall scheme of reform, will promote a n integrated andcoor dinate d economic, politica l, cultural, social a nd e col ogical civilizati on construction of the five reforms and t he party's construction in the area of instituti onal reform. The "five in one" programme is to achieve a compre hensive reform of instituti onal g uarantees for obje ctives of buil d a well-off society, the smooth progress of the constr ucti on of a well-off society and reform the objective s of the pr ogramme. One, hol ding time a nd place importance on November 9, 2013 to t he 18 se ssi on of the 12th Beiji ng since 1978, 35, hav e bee n 7 ple nary se ssion, ea ch time on major issues of political a nd e conomi c life of the country ha s made important deployme nt. In accorda nce with PRC politi cal pra ctice, often at every session of the CPC Central Committee in a ple nary session was held immediately after the party's Congress, on t he theme "per sonnel", discussing ele ction Ce ntral's top leader s, such a s the ele ction of the Standing Committee of the political Bureau, t hroug h the CentralCommittee members, deci sions, such as members of the Ce ntral Military Commission. The second ple nary se ssion, is held i n two se ssi ons before the ge neral ele ction, mainly to discuss a new State personnel i ssues. But by t he thir凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！lenary sessi on, ea ch sessi on of the Ce ntral Committee of nati onal i nstituti ons a nd personnel problems have bee n arrange d, you can conce ntrate on national devel opme nt and reforms. Previous pl enary se ssi on is often brande d with a central leadi ng collective, often by l ooki ng at the third plenum of the i nitiative to found the current ce ntral leader shi p coll ective gover nance characteri stics. From the analysis of the process of economic reform in Chi na, pl enary se ssi on, 12 session, 14, 16 ple nary session have pr ogrammatic meaning, respectivel y, marking the f our stages of China's economic reform, a nd that the start-up phase of reform, reform, construction phase a nd perfecting t he Socialist market economy framework stage of sociali st market economy. Previous ple nary session topi cs propose d to the t hird pl enary se ssi on of "taking cla ss str uggle as the key li nk," shi fted to socia list modernizati on; 12 session marked the chang e from rural to urba n, esta blished wit h publi owner shi p as the Foundation of a pla nne d commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n bot h the old and the new system cha nge, governance and rectify the e conomic order; 14 ... Fair and efficient a nd a uthoritative Sociali st judicial system, safeguard the pe ople's interests. Legal authority to uphol d the Constitution, deepe ning t he reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure that the right to exercise judicial power i ndepe nde ntly and impartially accor ding to law t he pr ose cution, perfecting the running me cha nism of judicial pow er, impr ove the system of judi cial prote ction of huma n right s. Pl enary sessi on, Affairs the right to a dher e to the system, a nd let the pe ople a uthority to let the power r un in t he Sun, is shut up in a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, im plementation should be constructed str ong, supervise the running of pow erful system, i mprove the system of puni shi ng and preventi ng corrupti on, promoti ng political integrit y, and strive to a chieve cadres ' hone st and Gover nment integrit y, clea n politics. To form a scientific a nd effective coor dinati on of power restri ction and mecha nisms t o strengthen anti-corruption instituti onal innovation and instituti onal prote ction, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, enhancing national cultural soft powe r, must a dhere t o the ori entation of advanced S ociali st cult ure, a dhere t o the dev elopment of Socialist culture wit h Chinese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee peni ng reform of cult ure. o improve the cult ural management sy stem, establish and improve t he modern market system and buildi ng moder n publi c cultural servi ce system, impr ove the level of cult ure openi ng. Ple nary se ssion, a chievi ng devel opme nt results more equitable benefit of all people, we must spee d up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssue s of concern to the pe ople t he most direct and real interest, and better meetthe nee ds of the people. To deepe n educati on reform, improve i nstituti onal me cha nisms for the凯程考研，考研机构，10年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学员的前途为已任，The three Ds-death, debt and divorce-still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory”because ____.A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryiesB.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that_____ .A . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008.B.The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C.The market generally went downward in various ways.D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A.auction houses ' favoritesB.contemporary trendsC.factors promoting artwork circulationD.styles representing impressionists25.The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A.Fluctuation of Art PricesB.Up-to-date Art AuctionsC.Art Market in DeclineD.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room -- a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true" he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late '70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed -- but only a few of the men -- gave lack of communication as the reason for theirrapid deve lopme nt of the market economy environme nt to expl ore publi c servants ' duty consumpti on monetizati on reform has provided a good foundation. The socialization of rear servi ce work has been la unche d, and rapi d progre ss in some pl aces a nd depart me nts, duty consumption monetiza tion of carrier a nd a ppr oach to manageme nt has bee n resolve d. Thir d, in re cent years, explori ng the monetizati on of duty consumption ha s made some progress, have gai ned some experi ence and ca n provi de reference to the compre he nsive reform of the system of publi c serva nts ' duty consumpt ion further. Impl ementing a n "honest ca nteen", sta ndar dize official e ntertaini ng manageme nt; enhancing t he telecommuni cation expe nse manag ement; elimi nation of County travel and countrysi de subsi dies; research "village official s" capitalizati on ma nagement of corporate spe ndi ng, a nd so on. Finally, gr oup ...18 session to be hel d i n Beijing from Novem ber 9, 2013 t o 12t h. 35 years ago blew the t hird plenary session of the reform and openi ng up i n the spri ng bree ze, cha nged, affect t he w orld; t oda y, 35 ye ars later, in t he eyes of the nation and the worl d expect, agai n to ref orm mark Chi na, ushe red in t he 18 session. XI Ge neral Se cretary pointe d out that China's reform ha s entere d a crucial period and the Sham Shui Po Di strict, must be base d on greater politi cal courage a nd wisdom, l ose no time in deepeni ng reform in im portant fiel ds. Dares t o cra ck a hard nut, dares to question the Rapids, whi ch dares t o break t he barrier of i deas, and dare t o benef it cure barriers. Deepeni ng reform and openi ng up is on sche dule t o achieve i nstituti onal safeguards of the moderately well-off. Under the "five in one" the General lay out of socialist m oder nization requirement s, 18 session of the de cisi on w as a "five in one" and the im provement of overall scheme of reform, wil l prom ote an integrated a ndcoor dinate d economic, politi cal, cultural, social a nd e col ogical civilization construction of the five reforms and the party's constr ucti on i n the are a of instit utional reform. The "five in one" programme is to a chi eve a compre hensive reform of instit utional guara ntees for obje ctives of buil d a well-off societ y, the smoot h pr ogress of the constructi on of a well-off society and reform the obje ctives of the pr ogramme. One, holdi ng time and pla ce importance on November 9, 2013 to the 18 se ssi on of the 12t h Beijing since 1978, 35, have been 7 ple nary se ssion, ea ch time on major issue s of political a nd economic life of the country has made importa nt de ployment. In a ccorda nce with PRC political practi ce, ofte n at every session of the CPC Ce ntral Committee in a plenary sessi on was held immediately after the party's Congress, on the theme "personnel", di scussi ng ele ction Central's top lea ders, such as t he el ection of the Standing Committee of the politi cal Burea u, through t he Central Committee members, deci sions, such as members of the Ce ntral Military Commission. The second ple nary se ssion, is held i n two se ssi ons before the ge neral ele ction, mainly to discuss a new State personnel i ssues. But by t he thirddivorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year -- a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me" "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A.Talking to them.B.Trusting them.C.Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27.Judging from the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A generating motivation.B.exerting influenceC.causing damageDcreating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A.men tend to talk more in public tan womenB.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC.women attach much importance to communication between couplesDa female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B.Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C.Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focuson ______A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors - habits - among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.rapid deve lopme nt of the market economy environme nt to expl ore publi c servants ' duty consumpti on monetizati on reform has provided a good foundation. The socialization of rear servi ce work has been la unche d, and rapi d progre ss in some pl aces a nd departme nts, duty consumption monetiza tion of carrier a nd a ppr oach to manageme nt has bee n resolve d. Thir d, in re cent years, explori ng the monetizati on of duty consumption ha s made some progress, have gai ned some experi ence and ca n provi de reference to the compre he nsive reform of the system of publi c serva nts ' duty consumpt ion further. Impl ementing a n "honest ca nteen", sta ndar dize official e ntertaini ng manageme nt; enhancing t he telecommuni cation expe nse manag ement; elimi nation of County travel and countrysi de subsi dies; research "village official s" capitalizati on ma nagement of corporate spe ndi ng, a nd so on. Finally, gr oup ...18 session to be hel d in Beiji ng from Novem ber 9, 2013 to 12t h. 35 years ag o blew t he third ple nary session of the reform and openi ng up i n the spring breeze, cha nged, affect the w orld; toda y, 35 years late r, in t he eyes of the nation and t he w orld expe ct, again t o reform mark China, ushered i n the 18 sessi on. XI General Se cretary poi nted out that China's reform has e ntered a cr ucial period and the S ham Shui Po Distri ct, must be base d on greater pol itical courage a nd wi sdom, lose no time i n dee peni ng reform in important fields. Dares to crack a hard nut, dares t o question the Rapi ds, which dares t o break the barrier of ideas, a nd dare to be nefit cure barriers. Deepeni ng reform and ope ning up is on sche dul e to achieve institutional safeguar ds of the m oderately well-off. Under the "five in one" the Ge neral layout of socialist modernizati on re quireme nts, 18 sessi on of the de cisi on was a "five in one" and the improveme nt of overall scheme of reform, will promote a n integrated andcoor dinate d economic, politica l, cultural, social a nd e col ogical civilizati on construction of the five reforms and t he party's construction in the area of instituti onal reform. The "five in one" programme is to achieve a compre hensive reform of instituti onal g uarantees for obje ctives of buil d a well-off society, the smooth progress of the constr ucti on of a well-off society and reform the objective s of the pr ogramme. One, hol ding time a nd place importance on November 9, 2013 to t he 18 se ssi on of the 12th Beiji ng since 1978, 35, hav e bee n 7 ple nary se ssion, ea ch time on major issues of political a nd e conomi c life of the country ha s made important deployme nt. In accorda nce with PRC politi cal pra ctice, often at every session of the CPC Central Committee in a ple nary session was held immediately after the party's Congress, on t he theme "per sonnel", discussing ele ction Ce ntral's top leader s, such a s the ele ction of the Standing Committee of the political Bureau, t hroug h the CentralCommittee members, deci sions, such as members of the Ce ntral Military Commission. The second ple nary se ssion, is held i n two se ssi ons before the ge neral ele ction, mainly to discuss a new State personnel i ssues. But by t he thir凯程考研辅导班，中国最强的考研辅导机构，考研就找凯程考研，学生满意，家长放心，社会认可！lenary sessi on, ea ch sessi on of the Ce ntral Committee of nati onal i nstituti ons a nd personnel problems have bee n arrange d, you can conce ntrate on national devel opme nt and reforms. Previous pl enary se ssi on is often brande d with a central leadi ng collective, often by l ooki ng at the third plenum of the i nitiative to found the current ce ntral leader shi p coll ective gover nance characteri stics. From the analysis of the process of economic reform in Chi na, pl enary se ssi on, 12 session, 14, 16 ple nary session have pr ogrammatic meaning, respectivel y, marking the f our stages of China's economic reform, a nd that the start-up phase of reform, reform, construction phase a nd perfecting t he Socialist market economy framework stage of sociali st market economy. Previous ple nary session topi cs propose d to the t hird pl enary se ssi on of "taking cla ss str uggle as the key li nk," shi fted to socia list modernizati on; 12 session marked the chang e from rural to urba n, esta blished wit h publi owner shi p as the Foundation of a pla nne d commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n bot h the old and the new system cha nge, governance and rectify the e conomic order; 14 ... Fair and efficient a nd a uthoritative Sociali st judicial system, safeguard the pe ople's interests. Legal authority to uphol d the Constitution, deepe ning t he reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure that the right to exercise judicial power i ndepe nde ntly and impartially accor ding to law t he pr ose cution, perfecting the running me cha nism of judicial pow er, impr ove the system of judi cial prote ction of huma n right s. Pl enary sessi on, Affairs the right to a dher e to the system, a nd let the pe ople a uthority to let the power r un in t he Sun, is shut up in a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, im plementation should be constructed str ong, supervise the running of pow erful system, i mprove the system of puni shi ng and preventi ng corrupti on, promoti ng political integrit y, and strive to a chieve cadres ' hone st and Gover nment integrit y, clea n politics. To form a scientific a nd effective coor dinati on of power restri ction and mecha nisms t o strengthen anti-corruption instituti onal innovation and instituti onal prote ction, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, enhancing national cultural soft powe r, must a dhere t o the ori entation of advanced S ociali st cult ure, a dhere t o the dev elopment of Socialist culture wit h Chinese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee peni ng reform of cult ure. o improve the cult ural management sy stem, establish and improve t he modern market system and buildi ng moder n publi c cultural servi ce system, impr ove the level of cult ure openi ng. Ple nary se ssion, a chievi ng devel opme nt results more equitable benefit of all people, we must spee d up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssue s of concern to the pe ople t he most direct and real interest, and better meetthe nee ds of the people. To deepe n educati on reform, improve i nstituti onal me cha nisms for the凯程考研，考研机构，10年高质量辅导，值得信赖！以学员的前途为已任，“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,”Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to - Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever - had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day - chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins - are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,”said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31.According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deepiy rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32.Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]indicate their effect on people’buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33.which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest。
2010考研英语(一)模拟【试卷+试卷】2
2010年考研英语模拟试题二（1）Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854.Nurseries were established in various areas during the 1 half of the 19th century; most of 2 were charitable.Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great 3 during the First World War, when 4 of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women.In some European countries nurseries were established 5 in munitions(军火) plants, under direct government sponsorship.6 the number of nurseries in the U.S.also rose 7 , this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind.During the years following the First World War, 8 , Federal State and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 9 the day nurseries, chiefly by 10 them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries.The 11 of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were 12 called up on to replace men in the factories.On this 13 the ernment immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 14 $ 6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers.Many states and local communities 15 this Federal aid.By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 1,000,000 children were being cared 16 in daycare centers receiving Federal 17.Soon afterward, the Federal government 18 cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later 19 them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation.However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 20 at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.1.\[A\] latter\[B\] other\[C\] late\[D\] first2.\[A\] those\[B\] them\[C\] whose\[D\] which3.\[A\] impetus\[B\] input\[C\] imitation\[D\] initiative4.\[A\] sources\[B\] abundance\[C\] shortage\[D\] reduction5.\[A\] hardly\[B\] entirely\[C\] only\[D\] even6.\[A\] Because\[B\] As\[C\] Since\[D\] Although7.\[A\] unanimously\[B\] sharply\[C\] predominantly\[D\] militantly8.\[A\] therefore\[B\] consequently\[C\] however\[D\] moreover9.\[A\] over\[B\] in\[C\] at\[D\] about10.\[A\] formulating\[B\] labeling\[C\] patenting\[D\] licensing11.\[A\] outset\[B\] outbreak\[C\] breakthrough\[D\] breakdown12.\[A\] again\[B\] thus\[C\] repeatedly\[D\] yet13.\[A\] circumstance\[B\] occasion\[C\] case\[D\] situation14.\[A\] regulating\[B\] summoning\[C\] allocating\[D\] transferring15.\[A\] compensated\[B\] facilitated\[C\] supplemented\[D\] expanded16.\[A\] about\[B\] after\[C\] of\[D\] for17.\[A\] pensions\[B\] subsidies\[C\] revenues\[D\] budgets18.\[A\] prently\[B\] furiously\[C\] statistically\[D\] drastically19.\[A\] abolished\[B\] diminished\[C\] jeopardized\[D\] precluded20.\[A\] nurseries\[B\] homes\[C\] jobs\[D\] childrenSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text1As a young bond trader, Buttonwood was given two pieces of advice, trading rules of thumb, if you will: that bad economic news is good news for bond markets and that every utterance dropping from the lips of Paul Volcker, the then chairman of the Federal Reserve, and the man who restored the central bank’s credibility by stomping on runaway inflation, should be respected than Pope’s orders.Today’s traders are, of course, a more sophisticated bunch.But the advice still seems good, apart from two slight drawbacks.The first is that the well chosen utterances from the present chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, is of more than passing difficulty.The second is that, of late, good news for the economy has not seemed to upset bond investors all that much.For all the cheer that has crackled down the wires, the yield on ten year bonds which you would expect to rise on good economic news is now, at 4.2%, only two fifths of a percentage point higher than it was at the start of the year.Pretty much unmoved, in other words.Yet the news from the economic front has been better by far than anyone could have expected.On Tuesday November 25th, revised numbers showed that America’s economy grew by an annual 8.2% in the third quarter, a full percentage point more than originally thought, driven by the ever spendthrift American consumer and, for once, corporate investment.Just about every other piece of information coming out from special sources shows the same strength.New houses are still being built at a fair clip.Exports are rising, for all the protectionist crying.Even employment, in what had been mocked as a jobless recovery, increased by 125,000 or thereabouts in September and October.Rising corporate profits, low credit spreads and the biggest ever rally in the junk bond market do not, on the face of it, suggest anything other than a deep and long lasting recovery.Yet Treasury bond yields have fallen.If the rosy economic backdrop makes this odd, making it doubly odd is an apparent absence of foreign demand.Foreign buyers of Treasuries, especially Asian certral banks, who had been swallowing American government debt like there was no tomorrow, seem to have had second thoughts lately.In September, according to the latest available figures, foreigners bought only $5 6 billion of Treasuries, compared with $25.1 billion the previous month and an average of $38.7 billion in the preceding four months.In an effort to keep a lid on the yen’s rise, the Japanese central bank is still busy buying dollars and parking the money in government debt.Just about everyboby else seems to have been selling.21.The advice for Buttonwood suggests that.［A］ Paul Volcker enjoyed making comments on controlling inflation［B］ the Federal Reserve has an all capable power over inflation control［C］ economy has the greatest influence upon the daily life of ordinary people［D］ the economic sphere and bond markets are indicative of each other22.The word “passing”(Line 7, Paragraph 1) most probably means.［A］ instant［B］ trivial［C］ simple［D］ negligible23.Which of the following is responsible for the rapid economic growth in the US?［A］ Domestic consumers.［B］ Foreign investments.［C］ Real estate market.［D］ Recovering bond market.24.According to the last paragraph, most Asian central banks are becoming.［A］ rather regretful［B］ less ambitious［C］ more cautious［D］ speculative25.The phrase “keep a lid on”(Line 6, Paragraph 3) most probably means.［A］ put an end to［B］ set a limit on［C］ tighten the control over［D］ reduce the speed ofText2Pressure is mounting on Ahold’s embattled supervisory board following the Dutch grocery group’s decision to pay its new chief executive more than C= 10m to lead its recovery from a ruining accounting scandal.Anders Moberg’s pay package and the timing of its disclosure at a shareholder meeting last week has confronted Ahold with a new credibility crisis as it struggles to restore confidence after the C=970m ( $1 bn) scandal.The dispute evident in a sea of critical media comment in the Netherlands at the weekend threatens to divert management from its recovery strategy, built on significant divestments and a likely rights issue to reduce C=11bn in net debt.Unitsdeemed unable to attain first or second position in food retail within three to five years will immediately be put up for sale.The board’s position appears all the more delicate following comments made by Mr.Moberg to the Financial Times, in which he criticized non executive directors for ignoring his advice to disclose his salary in May, when he agreed his contract.Instead Ahold waited more than four months to make the announcement, on the day share holders were asked to approve Mr.Moberg’s appointment.“I was the one who said I liked transparency, and I had hoped ［the supervisory board］ had shown ［the salary package］ in May to avoid a situation like this,”Mr.Moberg told the FT.As the row prompted the left leaning Dutch Daily to call for a boycott of Ahold’s Dutch Albert Heijn supermarket chain where only last week Ahold announced 440 redundancies it was clear the supervisory board had badly misjudged the reaction.While Henny de Ruiter, supervisory board chairman, said the salary was a fair reflection of what a company in Ahold’s unfavorable circumstances had to pay to attract a top manager,furious investors accused it of pushing through the package regardless of investor opinion.Furthermore, Dutch media commentators noted that the scandal at Ahold had been the trigger for the Dutch government to appoint a commission to strengthen corporate governance.That commission has recommended a limit on executive bonuses, far below the potential two and a half times annual salary that Mr.Moberg could earn.Meanwhile, Mr.Moberg is trying to distance himself from the row and focus on strategy.He told the FT that measures had already been taken to raise its stake in the ICA Ahold joint venture in Scandinavia.Ahold had included in its forecasts an amount necessary to buy the shares of either of its joint venture partners, who should exercise a “put option” and sell their stake from April 2004.26.The decision on Anders Moberg’s pay package has.［A］ incurred much criticism from the shareholders［B］ helped restore public confidence in Ahold［C］ saved the supervisory board from another crisis［D］ put pressure on the new chief executive27.The recovery strategy by Ahold’s management includes.［A］ avoiding the next accounting scandal［B］ diverting investment to other fields［C］ issuing rights to more retailers［D］ selling the retailers with poor performance28.Anders Moberg thought that if his salary had been announced earlier,. ［A］ the board’s position would have become less difficult［B］ he would have agreed to the contract with Ahold［C］ more time could have been devoted to his recovery plan［D］ the shareholders wouldn’t have strongly opposed29.Before the scandal at Ahold, the executive bonuses in Dutch companies. ［A］ were higher than what Moberg earned［B］ were regulated by a commission［C］ were not monitored by the government［D］ were not set by corporate management30.According to Moberg’s recovery strategy, Ahold will.［A］ sell its stake to other joint venture companies［B］ buy shares of its Scandinavian partners［C］ choose to put money in its chain shops in Scandinavia［D］ exerc ise its potential influence on partnersText3We’re moving into another era, as the toxic effects of the bubble and its grave consequences spread through the financial system.Just a couple of years ago investors dreamed of 20 percent returns forever.Now surveys show that they’re down to a “realistic”8 percent to 10 percent range.But what if the next few years turn out to be below normal expectations? Martin Barners of the Bank Credit Analyst in Montreal expects future stock returns to average just 4 percent to 6 percent.Sound impossible? After a much smaller bubble that burst in the mid 1960s Standard & Poor’s 5000 stock average returned 6.9 percent a year (with dividends reinvested) for the following 17 years.Few investors are prepared for that.Right now denial seems to be the attitude of choice.That’s typical, says Lori Lucas of Hewitt, the consulting firm.You hate to look at your investments when they’re going down.Hewitt tracks 500,000 401 (k) accounts every day, and finds that savers are keeping their contributions up.But they’re much less inclined to switch their money around.“It’s the slot machine effect,” Lucas says.“People get more interested in playing when they think they’ve got a hot machine” and nothing’s hot today.The average investor feels overwhelmed.Against all common sense, many savers still shut their eyes to the dangers of owning too much company stock.In big companies last year, a surprising 29 percent of employees held at least three quarters of their 402 (k) in their own stock.Younger employees may have no choice.You often have to wait until you’re 50 or 55 before you can sell any company stock you get as a matching contribution.But instead of getting out when they can, old participants have been holding, too.One third of the people 60 and up chose company stock for three quarters of their plan, Hewitt reports.Are they inattentive? Loyal to a fault? Sick? It’s as if Lucent, Enron and Xerox never happened.No investor should give his or her total trust to any particular company’s stock.And while you’re at it, think how you’d be if future stock returns averaging good years and bad are as poor as Barnes predicts.If you ask me, diversified stocks remain good for the long run, with a backup in bonds.But I, too, am figuring on reduced returns.What a shame.Dear bubble, I’ll never forget.It’s the end of a grand affair.31.The investors’ judgment of the present stock returns seems to be.［A］ fanciful［B］ pessimistic［C］ groundless［D］ realistic32.In face of the current stock market, most stock holders.［A］ stop injecting more money into the stock market［B］ react angrily to the duing stock［C］ switch their money around in the market［D］ turn a deaf ear to the warning33.In the author’s opinion, employees should.［A］ invest in company stock to show loyalty to their employer［B］ get out of their own company’s stock［C］ wait for some time before disposing of their stock［D］ give trust to a particular company’s stock34.It can be inferred from the text that Lucent, Enron and Xerox are names of.［A］ successful businesses［B］ bankrupted companies［C］ stocks［D］ huge corporations35.The author’s attitude towards the long term investors’ decision is.［A］ positive［B］ suspicious［C］ negative［D］ ambiguousText4The real heroine of the novel stands at one remove to the narrative.On the face of it, readers are more likely to empathize with, and be curious about, the mysterious and resourceful slave, Sarah, who forms one point of an emotional triangle.Sarah is the property of Manon, and came with her to a failing Louisiana sugar plantation on her marriage to the good for nothing, bullying owner.But Manon’s husband is soon struck by Sarah, and the proof lies in their idiot small son, Walter.However, the reader is forced to see things through Manon’s eyes, not Sarah’s, and her consciousness is not a comfortable place to be.Never a please or a thank you passes her lips when talking to slaves, though manners is the order of the day in white society.Manon is enormously attracted by inter racial marriage (for the place and time—the early 19th century—such a concern would not be unusual, but in her case it seems pathological).Walter, with “his father’s curly red hair and green eyes, his mother’s golden skin, her full, pushing forward lips”, is the object of her especial hatred, but she chatters on about all the “dreadful mixed blooded”, the objectionable “yellow” people.Beyond Manon’s polarized vision, we glimpse “free negros” and the emerging black middle class.To Manon’s disgust, such people actually have self respect.In New Orleans buying shoes, Manon is taken aback by the shopkeeper’s lack of desired respect.Mixed race prostitutes acquired the affections of male planters by giving them something mysterious their wives cannot often What that might be, and why wives can’t offer it too, are questions Manon can’t even ask, let alone answer.The first third of the book explores the uneasy and unsustainable peace between Manon, Sarah and the man always called just “my husband” or “he”.Against the background of violent slave revolts and equally savage revenges, it’s clear the peace cannot last.It’s part of the subtlety of this book that as the story develops and the inevitable explosion occurs, our view of all the characters swiftly changes.Sarah turns out to deserve all the suspicion Manon directs at her; at the point of death Manon’s husband displays an admirable toughness and courage; and Manon herself wins the reader’s reluctant admiration for her bravery, her endurance, and her total lack of self pity.Perhaps the cruelest aspect of this society is the way it breaks down and distorts family affections.A slave’s baby is usually sold soon after birth; Sarah’s would be husband, if he wants her, must buy her; and Manon herself, after all, is only the property of her husband.36.Which of the following reflects Manon’s attitude towards colored people? ［A］ Sympathetic.［B］ Suspicious.［C］ Concerned.［D］ Disgusted.37.It can be inferred from the text that the novel is written.［A］ with a mobile point of view［B］ with a limited third person singular ［C］ from Manon’s perspective［D］ from Sarah’s eye as a slave38.According to Manon, black people should.［A］ emerge as free middle class citizens［B］ behave submissively towards the whites［C］ have self respect in the mixed race marriage［D］ learn to offer more affection to their wives39.We learn that as the story develops.［A］ readers will think differently of all the characters［B］ Manon’s husband will win back her admiration［C］ the emotional crisis will be swiftly resolved［D］ all the suspicion will be proved against Sarah40.From the text we learn that.［A］ Manon’s husband is a nameless but bullying person［B］ Manon is the real heroine who deserves readers’ sympathy［C］ Sarah is in fact smarter than her master Manon［D］ Walter is a proof of the mixed race prostitutionPart BSample OneDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed.For Questions 41 45, choose the most suitable one from the list A G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Theories of the value of art are of two kinds, which we may call extrinsic and intrinsic.The first regards art and the appreciation of art as means to some recognized moral good, while the second regards them as valuable not instrumentally but as objects unto themselves.It is characteristic of extrinsic theories to locate the value of art in its effects on the person who appreciates it.(41).The extrinsic approach, adopted in modern times by Leo Tolstoy in Chto takoye iskusstvo? (1896; What Is Art?), has seldom seemed wholly satisfactory.Philosophers have constantly sought for a value in aesthetic experience that is unique to it and that, therefore, could not be obtained from any other source.The extreme version of this intrinsic approach is that associated with Walter Pater, Oscar Wilde, and the French Symbolists, and summarized in the slogan “art for art’s sake.” (42).Between those two extreme views there lies, once again, a host of intermediate positions.We believe, for example, that works of art must be appreciated for their own sake, but that, in the act of appreciation, we gain from them something that is of independent value.(43).The analogy with laughter which, in some views, is itself a species of aesthetic interest introduces a concept without which there can be no serious discussion of the value of art: the concept of taste.(44).Similarly, we regard some works of art as worthy of our attention and others as not.In articulating this judgment, we use all of the diverse and confusing vocabulary of moral appraisal; works of art, like people, are condemned for their sentimentality, coarseness, vulgarity, cruelty, or self indulgence, and equally praised for their warmth, compassion, nobility, sensitivity, and truthfulness.(The same may apply to the object of natural beauty.) Clearly, if aesthetic interest has a positive value, it is only when motivated by good taste; it is only interest in appropriate objects that can be said to be good for us.(45).［A］ Thus a joke is laughed at for its own sake, even though there is an independent value in laughter, which lightens our lives by taking us momentarily outsideourselves.Why should not something similar be said of works of art, many of which aspire to be amusing in just the way that good jokes are?［B］ All discussion of the value of art tends, therefore, to turn from the outset in the direction of criticism: Can there be genuine critical uation of art, a genuine distinction between that which deserves our attention and that which does not? (And, once again, the question may be extended to objects of natural beauty.)［C］ Art is held to be a form of education, perhaps an education of the emotions.In this case, it becomes an open question whether there might not be some more effective means to the same result.Alternatively, one may attribute a negative value to art, as Plato did in his Republic, arguing that art has a corrupting or diseducative effect on those exposed to it.［D］ Artistic appreciation, a purely personal matter, calls for appropriate means of expression_r_r.Yet, it is before anything a process of “cultivation”, during which a certain part of one’s “inner self” is “dug out” and some knowledeg of the outside world becomes its match.［E］ If I am amused it is for a reason, and this reason lies in the object of my amusement.We thus begin to think in terms of a distinction between good and bad reasons for laughter.Amusement at the wrong things may seem to us to show corruption of mind, cruelty, or bad taste; and when it does so, we speak of the object as not truly amusing, and feel that we have reason on our side.［F］ Such thinkers and writers believe that art is not only an end in itself but also a sufficient justification of itself.They also hold that in order to understand art as it should be understood, it is necessary to put aside all interests other than an interest in the work itself.Sample TwoDirections:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.For Questions 41 45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A G to fill in each numbered box.The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)[A] Is that what the American viewing public is getting? Perhaps 10% of prime time network programming is a happy combination of entertainment and enrichment.There used to be television movies rich in human values, but they have now become an endangered species.I find television too much concerned with what people have and too little concerned with who they are, very concerned with taking care of No.1 and not at all concerned with sharing themselves with other people.All too often it tells us the half truth we want to hear rather than the whole truth we need to hear.[B] Why is television not more fully realizing its humanizing potential? Is the creative community at fault? Partially.But not primarily.I have lived and worked in that community for 32 years, as both priest and producer.As a group, these people have values.In fact, in Hollywood in recent months, audience enrichment has become their thing.A coalition of media companies has endowed the Humanitas Prize so that it can recognize and celebrate those who accomplish it.[C] Every good story will not only captivate its viewers but also give them some insight into what it means to be a human being.By so doing, it can help them grow into the deeply centered, sovereignty free, joyously loving human being God made them to be.Meaning, freedom and love are the supreme human values.And this is the kind of human enrichment the American viewing public has a right to expect from those who make its entertainment.[D] The problem with American TV is not the lack of storytellers of conscience but the commercial system within which they have to operate.Television in the U.S.is a business.In the past, the business side has been balanced by a commitment to public service.But in recent years the fragmentation of the mass audience, huge interest payments and skyrocketing production costs have combined with the FCC’s abdication of its responsibility to protect the common good to produce an almost total preoccupation with the bottom line.The networks are struggling to survive.And that, the statistics seem to indicate, is mindless, heartless, escapist fare.If we are dissatisfied with the moral content of what we are invited to watch, I think we should begin by examining our own consciences.When we tune in, are we ready to plunge into reality, so as to extract its meaning, or are we hoping to escape into a sedated world of illusion? And if church leaders want to elevate the quality of the country’s entertainment, they should forget about boycotts, production codes and censorship.They should work at educating their people in media literacy and at mobilizing them to support quality shows in huge numbers.[E] It is not a question of entertainment or enrichment.These are complementary concerns and presuppose each other.The story that entertains without enriching is superficial and escapist.The story that enriches without entertaining is simply dull.The story that does both is a delight.[F] That is the only sure way to improve the moral content of America’s entertainment.[G] Despite questions of the motivation behind them, the attacks by the President and the Vice President on the moral content of television entertainment have found an echo in the chambers of the American soul.Many who reject the messengers still accept the message.They do not like the moral tone of American TV.In our society only the human family surpasses television in its capacity to communicate values, provide role models, form consciences and motivate human behavior.Few educators, church leaders or politicians possess the moral influence of those who create the nation’s entertainment.Order:G→41 →42 →43 →44 →45 →FSample ThreeDirection：You are going to read a text about the season for relief， followed by a list of examples.Choose the best example from the list A F for each numbered subheading （41 45）.There is one extra example which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points）Winter’s harsh weather， shorter hours of daylight and family demands can all aggravate feelings of stress.According to Dr.Paul Rosch， president of the American Institute of Stress， one Midwestern headache clinic reported that complaints of tension and migraine headaches increased 40 percent from Thanksgiving to Christmas，compared with other six week periods during the year.Many physicians are now trained in techniques to relieve tension and stress.But which strategies do they themselves use？ Here top health professionals reveal their favorite stressbusters.Six in all， they are：（41） Soothe with food.When nutritional biochemist Judith Wurtman is stressed out，she does what a lot of people do this time of year： she reaches for food.But in her case， it’s a healthy rice cake or two.（42） Run from your problem.Dr.Kenneth H.Cooper handles his own stress with a daily after work run.（43） Check your perspective.Driving in for a busy day as a MayoClinic stress management expert， psychologist John Taylor saw the oil maintenance light pop on in his minivan.He faced a nonstop schedule of patients and had to pick up his three year old after work.“I felt myself tense up，”recalls Taylor， who then tried his quick stress busting strategy.He asked himself， Is this a matter of life or death？ No.The oil could safely be changed the next week.（44） Look to the light side.On his way to the hospital where his father was to undergo surgery， author and educator Joel Goodman shared a hotel courtesy van with the anxious relatives of several patients.The driver began telling his stressed out passengers a few jokes.“Then he did some magic tricks that had my mother and me laughing，”Goodman says.“In that five minute ride he taught us that humor can relieve our stress.”The surgery was successful.（45） Take a timeout.A major cause of anxiety is an overloaded schedule.It’s one source of stress you can ward off by preparing ahead.Say a little prayer.Psychologist and medical scientist Joan Bprysenko of Boulder，Colo.， maintains that since most people spend too much time agonizing over the past or worrying about the future， the key to lessening stress is learning how to live emotionally in the present.。
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2010年海文考研英语考前模拟试卷答案与解析
2010年海文考研英语考前模拟试卷答案与解析Section I1. B. privileged文章首句的意思是：“我感到很荣幸有这次机会在第四次欧亚伦谈会上发表演说。
”本题主要考查四个选项的词义。
A. respected (受到尊敬，警钟），C. pledged （允诺，誓言，保证），D. projected（凸出，投掷），三个选项与文意不符。
B. privileged（荣幸，有幸）正符合文意。
2. A. continents本题还是考查四个选项的词义。
Europe and Asia are two of the world’s major continents. 意为：欧洲和亚洲是世界上两个主要的大洲。
B. constituents（构成，构成分子），C. constructs（建造，构造）D. constitute一般为动词，不作名词使用。
3. D. exchanges“Europe and Asia…and there has been… between them.”这句话的意思是：欧亚两洲是世界上两个主要的大洲，两洲之间长期以来有着互相交流的历史。
本题主要考查上下文对四个选项的历词义选择。
A. expansion（扩张，膨胀），B. excursion（短途，旅游），C. existence（存在）均不符合文意。
D. exchanges（交换，交流）符合文意，为正确答案。
4. C. Relations“Relations between…of all mankind.”这句话的意思是：两大洲之间的关系，不要说对全人类，只说对本洲人民的幸福和前景就有着深远的影响。
“A. Actions(行为，举动），B. Devotions(献身，奉献)一般不用复数，D. Decisions（选择，决定）均与文意不符。
C. Relations（彼此之看法，两者之关系）与本文最为贴切。
5. A. impactHave/make a…impact on…(对……有影响)是一经常使用的词组，如have a major impact on world peace（对世界和平有重大影响）。
考研必看
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2010年【任汝芬】团队考研政治十大预测分析题:
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2010年考研英语阅读高分冲刺模拟试题六套(二):
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2010年【任汝芬】考研政治最后冲刺10套卷主观题部分MP3+PDF版【附出版社奉送试卷二套】:
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2010【任汝芬】政治核心资料与押题复习Word打印第2版:
2010年【恩波】考研政治最新冲刺班【任汝芬 徐明德 陆卫明 鲁生】老师主讲视频:
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2010【新东方】考研英语冲刺班全程视频完整版:
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2010年6月大学英语六级考试全真预测试卷二Model Test Three
2010年6月大学英语六级考试全真预测试卷二Model Test ThreePart I Writing （30 minutes）Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic： Travel-mate Wanted. You should write at least 150 word following the outline given below：假设你是李明，假期即将到来，你打算做一次为期三周的旅行，希望找个外国朋友作为游伴（Travel-mate）。
拟一个寻游伴的启事，交代清楚日程安排、费用分担情况、对对方的要求等，并说明对方和你一起出游的好处。
Travel-mate WantedPart II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Directions： In this part， you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4， markY （for YES） if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N （for NO） if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG （for NOT GIVEN） if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10， complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Is College Really Worth the Money？The Real WorldEste Griffith had it all figured out. When she graduated from the University of Pittsburgh in April 2001， she had her sights set on one thing： working for a labor union.The real world had other ideas. Griffith left school with not only a degree，but a boatload of debt. She owed $15，000 in student loans and had racked up $4，000 in credit card debt for books， groceries and other expenses. No labor union job could pay enough to bail her out.So Griffith went to work instead for a Washington， D.C. firm that specializes in economic development. Problem solved？ Nope. At age 24， she takes home about $1，800 a month， $1，200 of which disappears to pay her rent. Add another $180 a month to retire her student loans and $300 a month to whittle down her credit card balance. “You do the math，” she says.Griffith has practically no money to live on. She brown-bags（自带午餐）her lunch and bikes to work. Above all， she fears she‘ll never own a house or be able to retire. It’s not that she regrets getting her degree. “But they don‘t tell you that the trade-off is the next ten years of your income，” she says.That’s precisely the deal being made by more and more college students. They ‘re mortgaging their futures to meet soaring tuition costs and other college expenses. Like Griffith， they’re facing a one-two punch at graduation： hefty （深重的）student loans and smothering credit card debt—not to mention a job market that， for now anyway， is dismal.“We are forcing our children to make a choice between two evils，” says Elizabeth Warren， a Harvard Law professor and expert on bankruptcy. “Skip college and face a life of diminished opportunity. or go to college and face a life shackled （束缚）by debt.”Tuition HikesFor some time， colleges have insisted their steep tuition hikes are needed to pay for cutting-edge technologies， faculty and administration salaries， and rising health care costs. Now there‘s a new culprit（犯人）： shrinking state support. Caught in a severe budget crunch， many states have sharply scaled back their funding for higher education.Someone had to make up for those lost dollars. And you can guess who—especially if you live in Massachusetts， which last year hiked its tuition and fees by 24 percent， after funding dropped by 3 percent， or in Missouri， where appropriations （拨款）fell by 10 percent， but tuition rose at double that rate. About one-third of the states， in fact， have increased tuition and fees by more than 10 percent.One of those states is California， and Janet Burrell’s family is feeling the pain. A bookkeeper in Torrance， Burrell has a daughter at the University of California at Davis Meanwhile， her sons attend two-year colleges because Burrell can‘t afford to have all of them in four-year schools at once.Meanwhile， even with tuition hikes， California’s community colleges are so strapped for cash they dropped thousands of classes last spring. The result： 54，000 fewer students.Collapsing InvestmentsMany families thought they had a surefire plan： even if tuition kept skyrocketing， they had invested enough money along the way to meet the costs. Then a funny thing happened on the way to Wall Street. Those investments collapsed with the stock market. Among the losers last year： the wildly popular “529” plans —federal tax-exempt college savings plans offered by individual states， which have attracted billions from families around the country. “We hear from many parents that what they had set aside declined in value so much that they now don‘t have enough to see their students through，” says Penn State financial aid director Anna Griswold， who witnessed a 10 percent increase in loan applications last year. Even with a market that may be slowly recovering， it will take time， perhaps several years， for people to recoup（补偿）their losses.Nadine Sayegh is among those who didn’t have the luxury of waiting for her college nest egg to grow back. Her father had invested money toward her tuition，but a large chunk of it vanished when stocks went south. Nadine was then only partway through college. By graduation， she had taken out at least $10，000 in loans， and her mother had borrowed even more on her behalf. Now 22， Nadine is attending law school， having signed for yet more loans to pay for that. “There wasn‘t any way to do it differently，” she says，“and I’m not happy about it. I‘ve sat down and calculated how long it will take me to pay off everything. I’ll be 35 years old.” That‘s if she’s very lucky： Nadine based her calculation on landing a job right out of law school that will pay her at least $120，000 a year.Dependent on Loans and Credit CardsThe American Council on Education has its own calculation that shows how students are more and more dependent on loans. In just five years， from 1995 to 2000， the median loan debt at public institutions rose from $10，342 to $15，375. Most of this comes from federal loans， which Congress made more tempting in 1992 by expanding eligibility （home equity no longer counts against your assets） and raising loan limits （a dependent undergraduate can now borrow up to $23，000 from the federal government）。
第二套 2010海文钻石卡考试中心六套题 模拟试卷,考研英语
第二套试题Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Valentine’s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__ the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for the year.Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—V alentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover’s heart may still be used to __18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.1.［A］While ［B］When ［C］Though ［D］Unless2.［A］upon ［B］back ［C］off ［D］away3.［A］honor ［B］belief ［C］hand ［D］way4.［A］problems ［B］secrets ［C］names ［D］intentions5.［A］rolls ［B］piles ［C］works ［D］slips6.［A］cast ［B］caught ［C］drew ［D］found7.［A］given ［B］chosen ［C］elected ［D］delivered8.［A］tells ［B］means ［C］makes ［D］has9.［A］after ［B］since ［C］as ［D］from10.［A］ordered ［B］pleaded ［C］envisioned ［D］believed11.［A］other ［B］simply ［C］rather ［D］all12.［A］disliked ［B］defied ［C］defeated ［D］dishonored13.［A］celebration ［B］arrangement［C］feast ［D］eve14.［A］goat ［B］saint ［C］model ［D］weapon15.［A］because ［B］made ［C］instead ［D］learnt16.［A］part ［B］representative［C］judgement ［D］symbol17.［A］story ［B］wander ［C］arrow ［D］play18.［A］portray ［B］require ［C］demand ［D］alert19.［A］Keeping ［B］Disapproving［C］Supporting ［D］Forgetting20.［A］constructive ［B］damaging ［C］reinforcing ［D］retorting答案1. B2. A3.A4.C5.D6.C7.B8.D9.A 10.A11. C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.C 18.A 19D. 20. B总体分析本文介绍了情人节的由来。
2010六级模考试卷答案
参考答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)标准答案：The approach of the Chinese Lunar New Year poses a national issue concerning the necessity of holding the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. Its established status is being challenged by a growing number of people，especially by younger generations. It is increasingly difficult to cater for all tastes.Some individuals deem that it should be canceled or replaced by other programs. These young people focus their attention on other forms of celebration instead of immersing themselves in TV. Despite that，the majority of mid－aged people and senior citizens uphold the importance of the traditional performance. The most striking feature of this gala is its traditionally close link with ordinary people‘s lives. Most of people view this gala as an annual stap le on the traditional Chinese Spring Festival Eve. They all have a restless night and glue their eyes on the television.I am not supportive of the view that the grand gala should be abandoned. Undoubtedly，it plays a vital role in the celebration of Chinese New Year. To increase its appeal and meet young adults ‘need，the upcoming performance should invite some big names including super stars from Hongkong and Taiwan. We are all eagerly anticipating this unforgettable evening show.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)1标准答案：A2标准答案：B3标准答案：C4标准答案：A5标准答案：D6标准答案：A7标准答案：D8标准答案：annual utility-bill savings9 标准答案：self-denial10标准答案：the market itselfPart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)11标准答案：A12标准答案：D13标准答案：C14标准答案：A15标准答案：B16标准答案：A17标准答案：D18标准答案：C19标准答案：B20标准答案：A21标准答案：D22标准答案：C23标准答案：D24标准答案：B25标准答案：A26标准答案：A27标准答案：D28标准答案：D29.标准答案：C30标准答案：B31标准答案：A32标准答案：B33标准答案：D34标准答案：A35标准答案：CSection C36标准答案：appearance37标准答案：symbol38 标准答案：decades39标准答案：exported40标准答案：apparent41标准答案：percentage42标准答案：combination43标准答案：convenient44标准答案：our air quality now suffers from the effects of pollutants emitted directly from our cars.45 标准答案：the problems caused by motorized vehicles in the west are often magnified indeveloping nations.46标准答案：movement in some cities comes to a virtual standstill as motorized traffic competes with bicycles and pedestrians.Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）Section AQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.47标准答案：a grade above 9448标准答案：select the method of grading49标准答案：improving50标准答案：effort and accomplishment51标准答案：discuss his concernSection B52标准答案：B53标准答案：D54标准答案：B55标准答案：A56标准答案：CQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.57标准答案：C58标准答案：C59标准答案：B60标准答案：C61标准答案：DPart V Cloze (15 minutes)62 标准答案：C63 标准答案：A64 标准答案：D65 标准答案：C66 标准答案：B67 标准答案：D68 标准答案：C69 标准答案：B70 标准答案：A71 标准答案：C72标准答案：D73 标准答案：B74标准答案：A75标准答案：C76标准答案：B77标准答案：A78标准答案：C79标准答案：D80 标准答案：B81标准答案：APart VI Translation (5 minutes)1标准答案：it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream2标准答案：take people’s sleep quality into account3标准答案：must be out of control4标准答案：followed my advice, you would not have been in trouble解析：followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been/put yourself in trouble 都是可以的5标准答案：were suggested not to go to that country解析：were (have been) suggested /advised not to go to that country / choose that country as their destination 都是可以的。
2010英语考研试题及答案
2010英语考研试题及答案2010年英语考研模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to each question. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Conversation 1M: I'm glad we've finally got the weekend off. I can't wait to relax.W: I know what you mean. I've been looking forward to this for weeks.Questions:1. What does the man mean?A. He has been working too hard.B. He has been waiting for the weekend.C. He is eager to do some exercise.D. He is tired of his job.Conversation 2W: I'm thinking of buying a new computer. The one I have now is too slow.M: Well, if you're looking for speed, you might want to consider a laptop with a solid-state drive.Questions:2. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Buy a new computer.B. Upgrade her current computer.C. Get a laptop with a solid-state drive.D. Wait for her computer to speed up.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a passage and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to each question. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Passage 1In the 1990s, the use of the internet expanded rapidly. This was largely due to the invention of the World Wide Web, which made it easier for people to access and share information online. The World Wide Web was developed by Tim Berners-Lee,a British computer scientist.Questions:3. What was the main reason for the rapid expansion of the internet in the 1990s?A. The invention of the internet.B. The development of the World Wide Web.C. The increase in the number of computer users.D. The work of British computer scientists.4. Who is credited with the development of the World Wide Web?A. Tim Berners-Lee.B. A team of British scientists.C. An American computer engineer.D. A group of international researchers.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a long conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will hear some questions about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear the conversation and the questions, read the four possibleanswers on your paper, and decide which one would be the bestanswer to each question. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.ConversationM: Good morning, Dr. Smith. I'm here for my appointment.W: Good morning. What seems to be the problem?M: Well, I've been having headaches and I'm feeling very tired all the time.W: I see. Have you been getting enough sleep?M: Yes, I sleep for about eight hours every night.W: How about your diet? Have you been eating well?M: I try to eat healthily, but I don't have a lot of time to prepare meals.W: It's important to maintain a balanced diet. I'll give you some advice on that. Also, I'd like to run a few tests to check for any underlying conditions.M: That sounds good. I'm worried it might be something serious.W: Let's not jump to conclusions. We'll know more once we have the test results.Questions:5. Why does the man visit Dr. Smith?A. He has an appointment.B. He has been feeling tired and has headaches.C. He wants some advice on diet.D. He is worried about his health.6. What does Dr. Smith suggest the man should do?A. Get more sleep.B. Maintain a balanced diet.C. Prepare his own meals.D. Run some tests.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: Read the following passage. After reading it, you are required to complete the statements that follow. You should write your answers in no more than three words each. The first statement has been done for you as an example.PassageThe modern city has a unique。
10年高考模拟试题2010年高考冲刺预测卷全国卷Ⅱ
10年高考模拟试题2010年高考冲刺预测卷全国卷Ⅱ测试题 2019.91,第二部分阅读理解（共25小题。
第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AWith the launch of the exploratory Chang'e 1 lunar orbiter on Oct.24,2007, more people are dreaming of one day living on the moon. NASA has said this could be a reality within the next 20 years. So what sort of lifestyle can the first lunar residents(居民) expect?HousingThe moonbases of science fiction tend to be spacious(宽敞的)，glass domes(圆顶)in which lunar residents wander around in futuristic jumpsuits. But the reality will be a bit different. "Domes are not very good at filtering(过滤；渗透)our solar radiation, says Professor Colin Pillinger of the Open University in the UK. "If you have a solar storm, you don't want a nice little glass dome over you. You want something a bit more substantial （坚固的；实质的）.(Solar radiation, by the way, could give you cancer.)HealthThe biggest challenge to setting up a base on the moon is the danger of living in an environment with no gravity. Scientists have found that muscles and bones start wasting away in zero gravity. It's uncertain whether the same thing would happen on the moon, which has one-sixth of the Earth's gravity.As for radiation from the sun, the surface of the moon appears to be safe enough. But no one knows the consequences(后果) of spending a long time there.Food and WaterIn the short term, food would have to be brought from the Earth. The dream, however, is to grow things in greenhouses on the moon. This would involve suspending（使悬浮）plants in a nutrientrich solution（溶液）of water.Water is not a big problem. Scientists suspect that the moon's south pole has large pools of frozen water. These could be mined and used to drink and create oxygen for habitats. TransportationDr.Harrison Schmitt, who landed on the moon in 1972, has said that astronauts can move around the moon by cross-country skiing. But this isn't a long-term solution. Something similar to the buggy（小型敞蓬车）designed for 1970s Apollo missions would allow residents to explore beyond the backyard of their moon home. They could even use the buggy to transport heavy equipment.41.The most likely place to find water on the moon is .A. in a rainforestB. close to mountainsC. the moon's south poleD. lakes42. Which of the following statements is perhaps the better transportation on the moon?A. cross-country skiingB. buggyC. busD. plane43. From the text we know that .A. a person started wasting awayB. there are many people living on the moonC. the lanar residents wander around the moonD. you don't want a nice little glass dome over you if you havea solar storm44. What does the word unerline meanA. growing unhealthily thin or weakB. wasteful personC. material that is thrown awayD. having nothing to doBFor me the most interesting thing about a single life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomesincreasingly rewarding. Wnen I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days,and know that I have a whole day ahead, uninterrupted. I may write a few pages, take a walk with my dog,lie down in the afternoon for a think,read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness.I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim[(杯、碗等的)边缘]with experience that needs to be sorted out(整理；理顺)。
2010年考研英语模拟题及详解（写作部分汇编）
2010年考研英语模拟题及详解（写作部分汇编）第一套题：Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:You have received an invitation to the birthday party of your friend, Tom. But you can’t attend it. Write a note to Tom to1) thank him for the invitation,2) give reasons why you can’t go, and3) apologize and express your wishes.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the let ter; use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)51.一、审题与谋篇本题要求写一封道歉信。
写道歉信一般是因为写信人不能完成所要求或许诺的事情，或不能按时或很好地完成某件事情。
道歉一般和解释同时存在，解释是出于礼貌、希望消除可能的误解。
道歉要真诚，解释要充分并且切题，写信的语气要温和而富于策略。
指导语中给出的情景是接到朋友生日会的邀请但不能参加，信的内容包括：(1)表示感谢;(2)说明你不能参加生日会的理由;(3)道歉并表达祝愿。
二、参考范文Dear Tom,Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party tomorrow and I have been longing for giving my sincere wishes to you on that special day. However, I am terribly sorry that I cannot be there because of a matter of some urgency. This afternoon I got a call from my parents telling me that my sister had been hospitalized. Both of my parents are busy at work, so I have to go home in a hurry to take care of her. I am sure you can understand this. I would like to say sorry again and wish you a happy birthday as well as a successful party.YoursLi MingPart B52. Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay inwhich you should1) describe its drawing2) interpret its meaning, and3) give your comment on it.You should write 160 – 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)52.范文In the picture, a boy is absorbed in chatting on line. When his aged mother asks him to have a chat, the boy responds impatiently: “Don’t you see I am busy now?” Puzzled and disappointed, the mother cannot understand why her son is talking to a computer.The simple dialogue between the son and his mother reveals the fact that youngsters nowadays prefer to talk to the anonymous over the internet rather than people around them. Interpersonal communication seems to be out of favor with the young generation in the internet age. Two reasons can be concluded about the phenomenon. Firstly, the privilege of anonymity allows the young to say whatever is innermost, while the face-to-face contact is superfluous to a certain extend. Secondly, because of the age gap, parents are less likely to kno w what their children are thinking and feeling, which makes the rare conversations boring.However, on the one hand, chatting on the internet has many hidden dangers. You cannot really know a person well only by reading the words he types, because he is probably showing what he wants to be rather than what he really is. On the other hand, for lack of real life communication with elders, peers and youngers, young people may lose the opportunities to learn to be courteous, cooperative and friendly. Therefore, I wish interpersonal relationship would be strong enough to defend itself against the temptation of the Internet.第二套题：Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:You are a college student and have just got the news that a respectable professor in your university has retired recently. Now write him a letter, expressing your congratulations and best wishes to him.Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)51.范文Dear professor Li,I’ve just learned that you have retired and returned to your hometown, and I’m writing to congratulate you upon your well-deserved retirement.I’m sure you will be missed by everyone here in our university, not only for the high degree of competence with which you have handled your job, but also because you are a very good friend to a lot of people. Thirty years of experience has made you an invaluable teacher, and it will be a pity to study without your tutoring.I sincerely hope that you’ll enjoy your new life in your hometown. Good luck for your future and I look forward to hearing from you from time to time.Yours truly,Li MingPart B52. Directions:Nowadays more people are buying lottery tickets. Study the following charts carefully and write an article on the issue of lottery. In your article, you should1) describe the phenomenon,2) analyze the phenomenon, and3) give your comments on it.You should write 160 – 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)52.一、审题谋篇本题为图表加提纲式作文。
最新 2010年6月英语六级全真预测试卷及答案解析(6)-精品
2010年6月英语六级全真预测试卷及答案解析(6)2010年6月大学六级考试全真预测试卷六Model Test SevenPart I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Salary or Interest. You should write atleast 150 words following the outline given below:1. 如今的大学毕业生面临的职业选择：兴趣重要还是工资重要2. 你的观点3. 结论Salary or InterestPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.April Fools' Special: History's HoaxesHappy April Fools' Day. To mark the occasion, National Geographic News has compiled a list of some of the more memorable hoaxes inrecent history. They are the lies, darned(可恨的) lies, andwhoppers(弥天大谎)that have been perpetrated on the gullible(易受骗的)and unsuspecting to fulfill that age-old desire held by some toput the joke on others.。
公共英语二级考前模拟冲刺题及答案(第六套)
(2)根据下列材料，请回答{TSE}题World Cup DadFor most of my l5 years，my father usually said very little to my mother and me.He preferred reading the newspaper or watching football matches on television to talking to his family. Everything changed one morning.As soon as I came downstairs to breakfast.I could see that he wasn’t his usual reserved(缄默的)self.“Can’t wait! FIFA World Cup! Big match! Must see!”I quickly figured out what all the excitement was about：Dad is a big football fan. I had never been interested in football，but Dad’s excitement that morning made me more and more curious.I had to find out why this sport was making my normally reserved father act like a five-year-old on his first trip to Disneyland.Dad decided that we should all eat at a little German restaurant so that we could watch the World Cup while eating. Secretly, I think he was hoping to turn Mum and me into football fans. The match started a few minutes after we entered the restaurant. As I was eating my meal, aloud noise came from the television. Surprised, I looked up at the TV:" Why is that man jumping up and down?"Dad patiently explained: "That's Papa Bouba Diop, my son. It's normal for them to jump up and down after they've scored. "Dad explained almost everything to me. His monosyllabic(单音节的)answers were a thing of the past. I loved the new Dad! I watched the rest of the match, becoming more and more interest-ed. When I told my father that I planned to watch more matches with him, he smiled and gave me a wink ( 眨眼). At long last we had something in common.Football has really helped Dad and me get closer and form a stronger relationship with each other. Who says football is only about 22 men running after a silly ball?(1)Which of the following words can best describe the authur's father?A. A parent busy at work.B. A man of few words.C. An encouraging father.D. A talkative football player.(2)What made the author curious about his father one morning?A. His high expectation of the winner.B. His great interest in the newspaper.C. His unexpressed eagerness.D. His unusual excitement.(3)The author's growing interest in watching the match mainly came from ______A. eating in a restaurant with the excited fansB. his father's love of football and his explanationC. watching a top level performance of the playersD. his and his fathers's common love of German food(4)What can we learn from the text?A. Personality decides everything.B. Sharing is the foundation of good relationship.C. Family members should be fans together.D. Interest is the mother of success.B世界杯爸爸在过去的l5年里，爸爸很少跟我和妈妈讲话。
2010年12月6级模考卷2
CET6 Test 2Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on Which is Better, Saving Money or Using Tomorrow’s Money. You should write at least 150 words following the outline below in Chinese.1. 不少大学生有透支刷卡消费的习惯。
2. 更多的人则认为应该养成攒钱的习惯。
3. 我对此问题的看法。
Which is Better, Saving Money or Using Tomorrow’s MoneyPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Life Begins at 100This year, the number of pensioners in the UK exceeded the number of minors for the first time in history. That’s remarkable in its own right, but the real “population explosion”has been among the oldest of the old—the centenarians (百岁老人). In fact, this is the fastest-growing group in much of the developed world. In the UK, their numbers have increased by a factor of 60 since the early 20th century. And their ranks are set to swell even further, thanks to the ageing baby-boomer generation: by 2030 there will be about a million worldwide.These trends raise social, ethical and economic dilemmas. Are medical advances artificially prolonging life with little regard for the quality of that life? Old age brings an increased risk of chronic disease and disability, and if growing numbers of elderly people become dependent on state or familial support, society faces soaring costs and commitments. This is the dark cloud outside the silver lining of increasing longevity (长寿). Yet researchers who study the oldest old have made a surprising discovery that presents a less bleak vision of the future than many anticipate.It is becoming clear that people who break through the 90-plus barrier represent a physical elite, markedly different from the elderly who typically die younger than them. Far from gaining a longer burden of disability, their extra years are often healthy ones. They have a remarkable ability to live through, delay or entirely escape a host of diseases that kill off most of their peers. Supercentenarians—people aged 110 or over—are even better examples of ageing gracefully. “According to the statistical study, they basically didn’t exist in the 1970s or 80s,”says Craig Willcox of the Okinawa Centenarian Study in Japan. “They have some sort of genetic booster rocket and they seem to be functioning better for longer periods of time than centenarians.”The average supercentenarian had freely gone about their daily life until the age of 105 or so, some five to 10 years longer even than centenarians, who are themselves the physical equivalent of people eight to 10 years their junior. This isn’t just good news for the oldest old and for society in general; it also provides clues about how more of us might achieve a long and healthy old age.One of the most comprehensive studies comes from Denmark. In 1998, Kaare Christensen at the University of Southern Denmark, in Odense, exploited the country’s exemplary registries to contact every single one of the 3600 people born in 1905 who was still alive. Assessing their health over the subsequent decade, he found that the proportion of people who managed to remain independent throughout was constantly around one-third of the total: each individual riskedbecoming more infirm, but the unhealthiest ones passed away at earlier ages, leaving the strongest behind. In 2005, only 166 of the people in Christensen’s sample were alive, but one-third of those were still entirely self-sufficient. This is good news from both personal and societal perspectives, for it means that exceptional longevity does not necessarily lead to exceptional levels of disability.Christensen’s optimistic findings are echoed in studies all over the world. In the US, almost all of the 700-plus people recruited to the New England Centenarian Study since it began in 1994 had lived independently until the age of 90, and 40 per cent of supercentenarians in the study could still look after themselves. In the UK, Carol Brayne at the University of Cambridge studied 958 people aged over 90 and found that only one-quarter of them were living in institutions or nursing homes. Likewise, research in China reveals that before their deaths, centenarians and nonagenarians (九旬老人) spend fewer days ill than younger elderly groups, though the end comes quickly when it finally comes.Not all of the oldest old survive by delaying illness or disability, though—many soldier through it. Jessica Evert of Ohio State University in Columbus examined the medical histories of over 400 centenarians. She found that those who achieve extreme longevity tend to fall into three categories. About 40 per cent were “delayers”, who avoided chronic diseases until after the age of 80. This “compression of illness”, where chronic illness and disability are squeezed into ever-shorter periods at the end of life, is a recent trend among ageing populations. Another 40 per cent were “survivors”, who suffered from chronic diseases before the age of 80 but lived longer to tell the tale. The final 20 per cent were “escapers”, who hit their century with no sign of the most common chronic diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and stroke. Intriguingly, one-third of male centenarians were in this category, compared with only 15 per cent of women.The “centenarian genome (基因组)”is a key resource in identifying longevity genes. Such genes have been found in abundance in other organisms. Unfortunately, it’s a different story in humans. While many candidate genes have been suggested to affect lifespan, very few have been consistently verified in multiple populations.Until recently, the only exception was ApoE, and in particular a variant of this gene known as e4, which gives carriers a much higher than average risk of developing Alzheimer’s and heart disease. Across the world, this unfortunate version of ApoE is about half as common in centenarians as in younger adults. Last year, a second promising candidate emerged—a variant of a gene called FOXO3A. At the University of Hawaii, a team led by Bradley Willcox, Craig’s identical twin, found that people who carried two copies of a particular form of the gene were almost three times as likely to make it to 100 than those without the variation, and also tended to start their journey into old age with better health and lower levels of stroke, heart disease and cancer. “There are so many false positives in this field that FOXO3A is very exciting,”says Bradley Willcox.FOXO3A is involved in several signalling pathways that are conserved across animal species. It controls the insulin/IGF-1 pathway, which influences how our bodies process food. It also controls genes that protect cells from highly reactive oxygen radicals—molecules often thought to drive human ageing through the cumulative damage they work on DNA. FOXO3A could even protect against cancer by encouraging apoptosis (细胞凋亡), whereby compromised cells commit suicide. The variant of FOXO3A associated with longevity is much more prevalent in 100-year-olds even than in 95-year-olds, which clearly demonstrates the value of studying thecentenarian genome.So far the search for longevity genes in humans has been extremely difficult, but prospects brighten as genomic technologies become faster and there are more centenarians to study. Only a lucky few win the genetic lottery of longevity, but if we understand what sets them apart, we may be able to make the rest of us more like them by using lifestyle or therapeutic interventions to manipulate physiological pathways. Such medical advances will not only extend our lives, but also help us remain healthy and independent for as long as possible.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年在职硕士联考英语冲刺模拟附答案1
2010年在职硕⼠联考英语冲刺模拟附答案12010年在职硕⼠联考英语冲刺模拟附答案(⼆)周末⼗⽉联考⼯作就要展开激烈的现场⾓逐了，在承受⼯作压⼒的同时，⼤家是否做好了考试的准备呢？为了给⼤家提供更有效的帮助，学苑教育特此整理了有关资料，愿⼤家考出理想的成绩！Paper OnePart I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections:In this section, you will read five short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: I feel so useless just hanging around with nothing to do.Speaker B: _____. In a couple of days there'll be too much to do. Then you'll want to be back in these lazy days.A. Don't mention itB. That's fineC. You do waste a lot of timeD. Don't worry2. Speaker A: When can we expect you for dinner? Can you come tonight?Speaker B: _____.A. That sounds fine with meB. No way. I promised to go to a concert with my sisterC. I'll try my bestD. I haven't got any appetite yet3. Speaker A: I need to get car insurance. You got any ideas?Speaker B: _____.A. I am too busy to have time to think.B. Well, you could try my company. It seems to have fair rates.C. Why don't you ask sb. else?D. Thanks for trusting me, but I have no idea.4. Speaker A: There you go with your optimism! Don't get your hopes too high!Speaker B:_____, but it doesn't hurt to expect the best.A. I willB. I won'tC. That's okD. How come?5. Speaker A: Should I wait or come back later?Speaker B: _____, but it's probably better to come back later.A. Neither sounds fineB. It is hard to sayC. it dependsD. Suit yourselfSection B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read five short conversations between a man and awoman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Man: I want to get a baby-sitter, and then we can go out for dinner and then go to a movie afterward.Woman: I can call Debbie and see if she's available. She usually doesn't like to stay indoor during the week, but she might make an exception.Question: What does the woman mean?A. Debbie may not have time to work as a baby-sitter.B. Debbie might accept the business of being a baby-sitter.C. Debbie used to work as a baby-sitter.D. Debbie is exceptional to be a baby-sitter7. Man: They'll never help us. You know that old saying, "You can't get blood out of a turnip."Woman: I know, I know. But that's no reason not to ask them.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She wants to try to see if they can get help from them.B. She thinks there is no reason to ask for help.C. She thinks she get a lot of reasons to ask for help.D. She decides to give up asking for help.8. Woman: That's interesting. Maybe the health authorities should investigate the place. Man: That's what I think. Two people with similar problems in such a short time in the same restaurant can't just be coincidence!Question: What can we learn from the man?A. He thinks it is a coincidence happened in the restaurant.B. He thinks the two people are too careless.C. He thinks there do exist the problem in the restaurant.D. He thinks the restaurant should close.9. Woman: It looks to me as if everything is off to a good start. I don't think the project needs to be any more supervision. Man: It's better to be safe than sorry.Question: What does the man suggest?A. the project needs to be supervisedB. the project does not need to be supervisedC. the project will bring us sorryD. the project will not bring us sorry10. Woman: That's really tough. He just bought that car last month, didn't he?Man: Fortunately, he's got insurance and the police think they already have a good lead. Question: What does the man mean by saying "have a good lead"?A. the police found the clue for the missing car.B. the police will lead to the new way.C. the police have got a good target.D. the police can find no way.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. The beam that is _____ by a laser differs in several ways from the light that comes out of a flashlight.A. emittedB. transportedC. motivatedD. translated12. Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to _____ the isolation of life in Alaska.A. break throughB. break downC. break intoD. break out13. We know through painful experience that freedom is never by the oppressor; it must be _____ by the oppressed.A. demandedB. commandedC. requiredD. requested14. _____ the enormous flow of food from the entire globe, these countries have for many years not felt any population pressure.A. Thanks toB. By means ofC. In line withD. With regard to15. Mr. Jones holds strong views against video games and _____ the closing of all recreation facilities for such games.A. assistsB. acknowledgesC. advocates16. Workers in the fine arts _____ thoughts and feelings through their creative works.A. transmitB. elaborateC. conveyD. Contribute17. Finding a job can be _____ and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared.A. exploitingB. frustratingC. profitingD. misleading18. It British government often says that furnishing children with _____ to the information superhighway is a top priority.A. procedureB. protectionC. allowanceD. access19. Louis Herman, at the University of Hawaii, has _____ a series of new experiments in which some animals have learned to understand sentences.A. installedB. equippedC. devisedD. Formatted20. Researchers at the University of Illinois determined that the _____ of a father can help improve a child's grades.A. involvementB. interactionC. associationD. communication21. Great numbers of tiny shelled animals _____ on the ocean floor.A. liveB. livingC. they will liveD. if they lived22. The knee is the joint _____ the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.A. whenB. whereC. why23. _____ the history of the tough, strong-willed Nebraska farmer.A. Not only is much of the history ofB. Although it is much of the historyC. It is as much the history of Nebraska's Nebraska beingD. Much of the history of Nebraska is24. Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazz blues singer rests on her ability _____ emotional depth to her songs.A. be givingB. are givenC. being givenD. to give25. Uniform acceleration occurs _____ the rate of change remains the same over successive and equal intervals of time.A. accordingB. ifC. withD. under26. People's expectations for a higher standard of living increase _____.A. conditions in their communityB. since conditions in their improvingC. conditions in their community improveD. as conditions in their community improve27. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of _____ realityA. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. what is conceived to beD. that is being conceived of28. _____ relatively costly, the diesel engine is highly efficient and needs servicing infrequently.A. EvenB. It isC. Even thoughD. There is29. _____ dates from the end of the eighteenth century.A. The modern circusB. That the modern circusC. While the modern circusD. The modern circus that30. Hanya Holm is a dancer, choreographer, and _____.A. dance that she teachesB. her teaching of danceC. to teach dancingD. dance teacherPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each of the passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneCancer Research UK has launched an online chat forum for cancer patients to swap stories and share experiences on how to cope with such a devastating disease.But Cancer Chat is a forum with a difference: it has an information safety net.This means that a Cancer Research UK team will keep a watching brief to ensure that patients are not subjected to rogue "cancer cures" or scientifically unsound information. Anyone can have access to the messages posted on Cancer Chat but if people wish to post a message they will need to register.And Rebekah Gibbs, cancer patient and star of TV's Casualty has pledged her support for the new project. "I think Cancer Chat is a brilliant idea," she said. "I have written a public diary about what I went through with breast cancer and I have had such a heart-warming response from other people going through the same thing.""The idea of a Cancer Chat forum means you can share information about treatment and side effects and you can really open up about your feelings online in a way that can be difficult when talking to close friends and family. And with Cancer Research UK monitoring the forum people can be reassured about the quality of information being exchanged. " Cancer Chat will also encourage its users to check out any cancer questions on its Cancer Help UK website which is specially designed to give patients and their families 6,000 pages of up-to-date information that is easy to understand and explains a wide range of treatments for different types of cancer and gives details of clinical trials. There is also a UK database of cancer clinical trials.The award-winning website attracts around one million visitors a month and Cancer Research UK hopes that some of these visitors will also want to post comments on the Cancer Chat forum.For those who do not have access to computers and have questions about cancer, the charity's team of cancer information nurses are available during office hours to talk over patients' concerns on the phone.31. Cancer Chat is different from other forums in that _____.A. it has the support of a famous actressB. it is a source of reliable informationC. it provides a huge amount of informationD. it attracts a great number of visitors32. Which is NOT true of Rebekah Gibbs?A. She is a well-known figure in Britain.B. She got breast cancer some time ago.C. She thinks highly of Cancer Chat.D. She has written a private diary.33. All the statements about the messages posted on Cancer Chat are true EXCEPT_____.A. they are available to all visitorsB. their writers get paid for themC. they concern not just treatments and side effectsD. they are also an emotional outlet for their writers34. Cancer Help UK is a website that _____.A. offers lots of information on cancer treatment and clinical trialsB. attracts numerous visitorsC. has won an awardD. all of the above35. "The charity" in the last line but one refers to _____.A. Cancer Research UKB. Cancer ChatC. Cancer Help UK.D. TV's CasualtyPassage TwoPlay is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.The third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.36. The passage tells us that as a child grows up _____.A. he should be allowed to choose his own toysB. he should be given identical toysC. he should be given different toysD. he should be given fewer and fewer toys37. According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents _____.A. determine his characterB. will not change after the age of threeC. partly determine the standard he is likely to reachD. to a large extent determine the choice of toys38. Who have the best chance of growing up successfully?A. Those who tend to overeatB. Those who are given a lot of toys.C. Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D. Those who can share their toys with their playmates.39. We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity _____.A. when he is twoB. when he is around fourC. when he is sixD. when he is eight40. The passage is mainly about _____.A. the importance of pre-school educationB. the importance of schoolingC. the role of play in a child's developmentD. the choice of toys for adolescents Passage ThreeDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans. But black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society said Monday.In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease. This could be because of unequal access to medical Care. Because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well, and perhaps because of differences in the biology of the can cancer itself, the report added."In general, black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis thrill whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis."The report said."In describing cancer statistics for black Americans, this report recognizes that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care.'The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups earlier, when cancer is more treatable. And it said more research is needed to see if biological differences play a role.''The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts," the organization said in a statement.But it also noted a top in cancer death rates."Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992, as has incidence rates," said the report.41. Black Americans arc more likely to die of cancer than _____.A. people in other countriesB. white AmericansC. all other AmericanD. their ancestors42. Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A. Unequal access to medical Care.B. Greater probability of having other diseases.C. Differences in the biology of the cancer.D. Early diagnosis.43. Cancer is more treatable if it is detected _____.A. in an early stageB. in a late stageC. all of a suddenD. together with other diseases44. Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with _____.A. death ratesB. various cancersC. unfair social differencesD. biological differences45. Since 1992, cancer death rates among black Americans _____.A. have been going up and downB. have remained stableC. have increasedD. have fallenPassage FourThe term could yet become the word of the year; stress is on everyone's lips these days and everywhere. Not only managers, officials and teachers are complaining nowadays, housewives, children and pensioners now also have their own problems. They too sacrifice themselves for others, feel under-or overworked and quickly lose their inner balance. Irritation, tiredness and exhaustion quickly follow. But that is only the negative aspect. Stress, after all, is also linked to positive terms such as joy of life, tension and vitality."Firstly, stress is healthy," says Wolfgang Stehling from Eltvelle. The doctor and management consultant says:" It occurs when the body loses its inner balance, but then stress hormones are produced to re-establish the balance." Thus stress is nothing more than a positive reaction of the body to pressure. It is unavoidable as part of our nature, "There is no such thing as a stress-free life."But whether stress leads to tensions in the mind or to tenseness of the muscles depends on the duration, its cause or causes and the sufferer's personal situation. People who have trouble sleeping or suffer from bad moods or simply the flu will not be on top of the world and will take every little strife as negative stress. Others, people who feel refreshed at every new turn, are relaxed and successful, will view a difficult round of negotiations or competition at work more as a positive challenge than a cross to bear.Exercise, healthy eating and relaxing are thus the three pillars by which stress can be conquered almost every time. These factors form a unit, explains Marita Voelker-Albert, spokeswoman for the government's Nutrition Advice Center in Cologne. Its campaign "Gut Drauf"(Feeling Good) is targeted at young people. The government agency's research suggests that three out of four adolescents feel tired, overtaxed and under stress. Eatingdisorders and complaints such as migraines and indigestion, nervousness and concentration problems have increased among 12-to 16-year-olds.But even the best solutions don't work if they are not put into practice, says Stehling. Anybody who goes jogging regularly, practices yoga and prescribes good literature as a cure for negative stress, may well end up under more pressure as he tries to find the time for it all. Sometimes, says the consultant, it helps to take time out to reduce stress levels over a weekend.46. Which of the following is NOT a correct view on stress?A. Stress has both positive and negative aspects.B. Stress is only a positive reaction of the body to pressure.C. Stress only leads to serious problems.D. Stress is unavoidable as part of our nature.47. A person who has lost his inner balance may soon feel _____.A. fit and healthyB. under-or overworkedC. relaxed and happyD. irritated, tired and exhausted48. Who will easily take every little strife as negative stress?A. Those who suffer from the flu.B. Those who are in good moods.C. Those who are successful.D. Those who feel refreshed at every new turn.49. All the following complaints are said to have increased among children aged 12 to 16 EXPECT _____.A. painful headacheB. indigestionC. nervousness and concentration problemsD. loss of memory50. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cure for negative stress?A. Reading good literature.B. Practicing yoga.C. Having a healthy diet .D. Working overtime.Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.If you have a baby __51__ the way, you'll need to know about working while __52__, when to tell your employer you're pregnant.I think the best time to tell your employer is when you need to and when the time is right for you. It __53__ be when you're starting to show, when your employer may need to__54__ accommodations for your pregnancy, when you need time __55__ for the doctor or need to take disability __56__. Personally, I'm in favor of being open with your employer. I told my boss as soon as my pregnancy was __57__ and I had only been working for my employer for a couple of months.For me, it was easier to plan doctor visits and a maternity leave __58__ stressing over itbecause I didn't want to mention the pregnancy. On the other hand, I know people who have waited for months and that__59__ fine too.As a case in my company, I __60__ a person who didn't tell us she was pregnant. She took lots of time off from work, was very ill with morning sickness and because we had no clue what was happening, we were afraid she was deathly ill. We would have been much happier knowing she was pregnant!51. A. by B. in C. under D. on52. A. are pregnant B. pregnant C. being pregnancy D. pregnancy53. A. could B. must C. should D. shall54. A. work B. go C. take D. make55. A. off B. away C. down D. over56. A. left B. body C. rest D. leave57. A. confirming B. confirmed C. to confirm D. confirm58. A. with B. by C. without D. in59. A. worked out B. worked at C. figured out D. figured in60. A. thought B. supervised C. superb D. superiorityPaper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.In a study, Hamer and his colleagues combined measurements of tobacco exposure focused on mental health issues. They found that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke were more likely to experience psychiatric distress, and that the mental health issues increased along with the tobacco exposure."We found that people with high exposure to second hand smoke had increased levels of depression and anxiety," says Hamer.They also found that people exposed to second-hand smoke were more likely to be admitted to a hospital for a psychiatric illness than people without the exposure to tobacco smoke.To accurately assess the level of second-hand smoke exposure, researchers tested for cotinine（可替宁）, which is produced when nicotine is metabolized. But they also asked the people in the study where they were exposed to tobacco smoke. Perhaps surprisingly, says Hamer, the answer wasn't at work, restaurants, or pubs."The people that are at the highest level of passive smoke are actually the ones reporting exposure in their own homes. So in other words, if you live with a smoker, you really are at very high risk of demonstrating high levels of second-hand smoke exposure."Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points）Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title "Keeping Pets". Youshould base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.1. 有些⼈赞成养宠物2. 有些⼈反对养宠物3. 你的观点模拟试题⼆参考答案与解析Paper OnePart I Dialogue (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue Completion1. D。
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2010年考研英语高分冲刺模拟试题及详细解析（第二套试题）Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Valentine’s Day may come from the ancient Roman feast of Lupercalia. __1__ the fierce wolves roamed nearby, the old Romans called __2__ the god Lupercus to help them. A festival in his __3__ was held on February 15th. On the eve of the festival the __4__ of the girls were written on __5__ of paper and placed in jars. Each young man __6__ a slip. The girl whose name was __7__ was to be his sweetheart for the year.Legend __8__ it that the holiday became Valentine’s Day __9__ a Roman priest named Valentine. Emperor Claudius II __10__ the Roman soldiers NOT to marry or become engaged. Claudius felt married soldiers would __11__ stay home than fight. When Valentine __12__ the Emperor and secretly married the young couples, he was put to death on February 14th, the __13__ of Lupercalia. After his death, Valentine became a __14__. Christian priests moved the holiday from the 15th to the 14th—Valentine’s Day. Now the holiday honors Valentine __15__ of Lupercus.Valentine’s Day has become a major __16__ of love and romance in the modern world. The ancient god Cupid and his __17__ into a lover’s heart may still be used to __18__ falling in love or being in love. But we also use cards and gifts, such as flowers or jewelry, to do this. __19__ to give flower to a wife or sweetheart on Valentine’s Day can sometimes be as __20__ as forgetting a birthday or a wedding anniversary.1.[A] While [B] When [C] Though [D] Unless2.[A] upon [B] back [C] off [D] away3.[A] honor [B] belief [C] hand [D] way4.[A] problems [B] secrets [C] names [D] intentions5.[A] rolls [B] piles [C] works [D] slips6.[A] cast [B] caught [C] drew [D] found7.[A] given [B] chosen [C] elected [D] delivered8.[A] tells [B] means [C] makes [D] has9.[A] after [B] since [C] as [D] from10.[A] ordered [B] pleaded [C] envisioned [D] believed11.[A] other [B] simply [C] rather [D] all12.[A] disliked [B] defied [C] defeated [D] dishonored13.[A] celebration [B] arrangement[C] feast [D] eve14.[A] goat [B] saint [C] model [D] weapon15.[A] because [B] made [C] instead [D] learnt16.[A] part [B] representative[C] judgement [D] symbol17.[A] story [B] wander [C] arrow [D] play18.[A] portray [B] require [C] demand [D] alert19.[A] Keeping [B] Disapproving[C] Supporting [D] Forgetting20.[A] constructive [B] damaging [C] reinforcing [D] retorting答案1. B2. A3.A4.C5.D6.C7.B8.D9.A 10.A11. C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.C 18.A 19D. 20. B总体分析本文介绍了情人节的由来。
第一段介绍情人节的前身牧神节以及该节日里抽签选恋人的庆祝活动。
第二段介绍情人节是为了纪念一位罗马牧师。
第三段指出情人节已经成为爱的主要象征。
试题精解1.[精解]本题考查连词用法辨析。
空格处填入的连词应反映空格所在分句和下一句之间的逻辑关系。
四个选项，while表时间或让步，意为“当……的时候”或“虽然，尽管”;when 表时间，意为“当……的时候”;though表让步，意为“尽管，虽然”;unless表条件，意为“除非”。
根据文意，两个分句之间是时间关系，因此需要在while和when之间选择。
when既可指一段时间，也可指一个时间点，既可表示持续的动作，也可表示一时性的动作;while则只能表示持续性的动作或状态。
如：When she comes,(指一个时间点，不能用while)I shall tell her to wait for you.(她来的时候我会叫她等你的。
)When Jim was reading,(指一段时间，可用while)Jack was writing.(吉姆阅读的时候，杰克在写东西。
)空格所在分句中的动作roamed不是持续性的动作，只能用when，[B]正确。
2.[精解]本题考查短语动词辨析。
空格处填入的介词或副词与call构成短语动词，接sb. to do sth.作复合宾语。
符合要求的是[A]，call upon sb. to do sth.意为“请求/要求某人做某事”，如：We call on every friend to support the plan.(我们请求每一位朋友支持这项计划。
)call back 意为“回电话;叫(某人)回去”，如：She was about to leave when her secretary called her back.(她正要离开突然秘书叫她回去。
)call off意为“取消，停止进行”，一般接sth.作宾语，如：call off a deal/trip(取消交易/旅行)。
call away意为“叫走，叫到别处去”，如：He was called away by his friends.(他被朋友叫走了。
)3.[精解] 本题考查固定短语。
不存在in sb’s belief的搭配，所以首先排除[B]。
其它项构成的固定搭配是：in sb.’s/sth.’s honor意为“向……表示敬意”，其形式也可以是in honor of sb./sth.，如：a ceremony in honor of those killed in the explosion(为纪念爆炸中的死难者所举行的仪式)。
in sb’s hands意为“受某人照料，被某人控制”，如：The matter is now in my lawyer’s hands.(这件事现在由我律师处理。
)in sb’s way意为“以某人特有的方式”或“挡某人的路”，如：She does love you in her (own) way.(她的确是以她特有的方式爱你。
)You’ll have to move—you’re in my way.(你得挪一挪，你挡了我的路。
)根据文意，应选[A]，表示“向他(即，牧神卢帕克斯)表示敬意”。
4.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。
从空格所在的句子起到本段末为一个意群，其内容是关于抽签选恋人的活动。
由本段末句的name可知，本题应选[C]，表示“女孩的名字被写在纸上”。
其它项，[A]问题，[B]秘密，[D]意图，都不符合上下文文意。
5.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。
空格处填入名词，与of paper搭配。
rolls of sth.意为“卷”，如：rolls of carpet/film(几卷地毯/胶卷)。
piles of sth.意为“成堆的东西”或“大量的东西”，如：piles of dirty washing(成堆待洗的脏衣服)，piles of work(大量的工作)。
works 意为“著作，作品;工厂”，不与paper搭配。
slip本身意为“纸条，便条，小纸片”，它常与of paper 搭配，还是表示“纸条”。
由于下文即本段倒数第二句出现了a slip，根据文意，应选[D]。
6.[精解]本题考查根据上下文选择恰当的词。
选项为四个动词的过去式形式。