人教版新目标高考英语第二轮语法专题复习十九

专题十九主谓一致
I、重点难点解析
主谓一致的高考命题导向
考点主要分布在：语法结构对主谓一致的影响；充当主语的词汇意义对主谓一致的影响；复合句中的主谓一致等。

主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。

一主谓一致原则一览表
二概念归纳：
1. 表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，谓语常用单数。

Two hours is quite enough.
2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。

1) 表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(the Times)、国名(the United States)或组织名称(the United
Nations)及news－单数
2) 单复同形的名词，如：means, works等。

Every means has been tried./ All means have been tried.
3) the Olympic Games－复数
3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：
1) people, police, cattle等名词－复数
2) clothing, furniture, equipment等名词－单数
3) family, class, government等名词表示整体时单数，表单位成员时复数。

4. a number of/a variety of＋复数名词，the＋形容词指“一类人”时作主语，谓语用复数
the number of/the variety of＋复数名词，the＋形容词指抽象的“事物”时，谓语用单数如：The beautiful is loved by all.（表抽象的概念）
5. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式，但名词有each, every, no修饰
时,谓语动词用单数。

Walking and riding are good exercises.
Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.
注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人，物或概念时，仍用单数。

The teacher and writer is popular with his students.(区别：The teacher and the writer are…)
6. 动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数。

但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而
定。

What we need is time./ What we need are books.
7. 主语后接with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, rather than, in
addition to等短语时，谓语根据主语用单复数。

8. 在“one of＋复数名词＋who/that”引导的定语从句中的动词用复数，但当one之前有等
the (only/very)修饰语时，从句中的动词则用单数。

This is one of the girls who were late for school this morning.
This is the only one of the girls who was late for school this morning.
9. glasses, shoes, trousers等复数名词若其前有pair/kind/type/box of等量词修饰时，谓语根
据量词的单复数而定。

10. 由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/ half of/the rest of/most of+名词/代词或分数/百分数＋名词”
作主语时，谓语视其所接的名词决定单复数。

Three-fifths of the books are intended for the poor students.
The rest of the money belongs to you.
11. 由or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接的名词/代词作主语及there be结
构，谓语与靠近的主语一致。

Not only we but also the teacher likes listening to MP4.
There is a book and two pens on the desk.
12. 不定代词(all指人除外)，many a ＋名词单数, more than one作主语时,谓语用单数。

All has been finished./ All are late for the meeting.
II、实战演练
一用BE动词或所给动词的正确形式填空
1. The United States of America __________ one of the most developed countries in the world.
2. Every means __________ tried, but in vain.
3. Not only my sister but also I ________ good at painting. Both of us _________ good painters.
4. Going to bed early and getting up early ___________ a good habit.
5. I, who _________ your teacher, will try my best to help you out.
6. “All ________ present and all _________ going on well,” the chairman said.
7. The old _________ taken good care of in our country.
8. An iron and steel works, with some other factories _________ to be built here.
9. The number of people invited __________ fifty, but a number of them _________ absent for
different reasons yesterday.
10. I as well as they __________ ready to help you.
11. What we need ___________ enough water, but what they need __________ houses.
12. Her family __________ larger than mine and her family _________watching TV now.
13. There ________ a big table and six chairs in the dinning room.
14. The rest of food __________ (leave) for the rest of the students who __________ (have) gone
to the library.
15. We need one of the students who __________ at the meeting. He is the only one of the
students who __________ (speak) English fluently.
16. Many a students in our class ___________ pop music while many students in their class
__________ (like) classic music.
17. Each of them __________ Chinese food . They each __________(enjoy) Chinese food.
18. The worker and writer referred to ___________ (go) to write a comedy.
19. This kind of cartoons __________ well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind
__________ (sell) badly.
20. No boy and no girl _________________ (prevent) by the heavy rain from taking part in the
activity.
答案：1. is 2. has been 3. am, are 4. is 5. am 6. are, is 7.are 8. is 9. was, were 10. am 11. is, are 12. is, are 13. is 14. is left, have 15. speak, speaks 16. likes, like 17. enjoys, enjoy 18.is going 19. sells, sell 20.was prevented.。