presentation-Foreign Affairs
外交官衔的英文表达
外交官衔的英文表达外交官衔（diplomatic rank）是外交与国际关系领域（world of diplomacy andinternational relations）使用的一套职业（professional）与社会（social）等级。
在19世纪前的传统欧洲外交（traditionalEuropeandiplomacy）中，每个国家都有自己的一套外交头衔。
各国官员级别的高低引发了不少争议。
大国（majornations）倾向于认为自己官员的级别高于小国（minornations）的同类官员，尤其在座次安排（tableseatings）方面。
为了解决这些问题，1815年维也纳会议（Congress of Vienna）正式确立了一套国际性的外交官衔。
其中包括：特命全权大使（AmbassadorExtraordinaryandPlenipotentiary）：国家元首（head of state）的正式代表（formal representative）。
梵蒂冈（the Holy See）同级别的（equivalent）罗马教廷大使叫papal nuncio。
在英联邦国家（Commonwealthcountries），同级别的官员通常是高级专员（High Commissioner），但他代表政府（government）而不是国家元首【可能因为它们的国家元首都是英国国王或女王】。
无任所大使（Ambassador-at-Large）：代表国家（representing the country）的最高级别外交官（diplomat），也叫公使（minister）。
大使负责某一个国家的外交代表机构/外交使团（diplomaticmission），但无任所大使往往负责若干个临近国家（neighboring countries）、地区（region）或政府间机构（intergovernmentalorganization）【例如联合国（UnitedNations）或欧盟（European Union）】的外交事务。
Foreign_Affairs
主题四外交事务一、句子口译（一）英译汉1. 中国的未来应该由中国人民来决定。
2. 每一个国家都必须面对人类对尊严的要求。
3. 恐怖主义对我们两国都是一个威胁。
4. 华盛顿正在寻求欧洲与亚太地区的平衡。
5. 经济因素在国际关系中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
6. 假如不存在联合国，是否会有更多的争端发生？7. 在过去的几十年中，世界和平的呼声前所未有地高涨。
8. 南北冲突给全世界带来了挑战。
9. 国际经济问题是比尔克林顿国际活动的主要焦点。
10. 在前南斯拉夫，内战随着国家的分裂而爆发。
11. 在反恐战争的过程中，我欢迎中国与我们合作。
12. 我鼓励中国继续成为在邻国之间的和平力量，包括朝鲜半岛和东南亚。
13尼克松总统向世界显示了两个迥然不同的政府能够本着共同利益、相互尊重来到一起。
14. 中国正在兴起，而美国欢迎一个强大、和平与繁荣的中国的出现。
15. 我们的关系是成熟的、是相互尊重的，而且对我们两国和全世界也是重要的。
16. 联合国派遣维和部队保护波斯尼亚的穆斯林平民，并要求北约飞机提供空中掩护。
17. 美国鹰派敦促克林顿总统袭击朝鲜核设施，但是他还是选择了外交斡旋的方式。
18. 1994年，在卢旺达的两个部落之间爆发了一场激烈的内战，被屠杀的人多达五十万。
19. 尽管没有人支持美国为停止卢旺达的战争进行干预，美国部队为难民提供了人道主义援助。
20. 在美国历史的大部分时间里，至少在二战前，影响美国自我形象的最重要因素是孤立、道德和务实。
（二）汉译英1. China's international environment is still one more of opportunity than of challenge.2. The international situation changed dramatically last year.3. Peace and development are still the main themes of our times.4. The trend toward a multi-polar world remains unchanged.5. China carries out an overall opening up policy towards the outside world.6. China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace.7. China opposes hegemonism and preserves world peace.8. China pursues a policy of all-dimensional opening up to the outside.9. China takes an active part in multilateral diplomatic activities.10. China does not form alliances with any big power or group of big powers.11. In the New Year, we will continue to strengthen international cooperation.12. We are firmly convinced that the great aim of national reunification will be realized at anearly date.13. Amid the changes in international relations, China's diplomatic work has entered a new stage,and its international status and influence continue to rise.14. China has further strengthened its friendly relations with other developing countries. Thegood-neighborly friendship and cooperation between China and its surrounding countries have enjoyed all-round development.15. China has joined the international community in condemning and fighting against terrorismand is playing a constructive role in the international counter-terrorism struggle.16. China has joined all the treaties related to international arms control and non-proliferation.17. China believes that all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equalmembers of the international community.18. There is only one China in the world, and Taiwan is an integral part of the People's Republicof China.19. The Chinese government will never tolerate any country scheming to create "two Chinas" or"one China, one Taiwan".20. As the largest developing country in the world and a permanent member of the UN SecurityCouncil, China is willing to make unremitting efforts for world peace and development.二、段落口译（一）英译汉1.三十年前的这一周，一位美国的总统来到了中国，他的访华之旅目的是为了结束两国间长达数十年的隔阂和数百年的相互猜疑。
外交常用英语词汇
外交常用英语词汇：Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Protocol Department礼宾司Information Department新闻司diplomatic mission外交代表机构emba ssy 大使馆legation公使馆consulate-general总领事馆consulate领事馆office of the chargé d''affaires,代办处military attaché‘ 's office,武官处commercial counsellor''s office商务处press section, in formation service新闻处liaison office联络处diplomat外交家，外交官diplomatic rank外交官衔diplomatic representative外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff行政技术人员amba ssador大使amba ssador extraordinary and plenipotentiary特命全权大使nuncio教廷大使internuncio教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister, minister-counsellor公使衔参赞charg é d''affaires,代办charg é d''affasiread interim,临时代办counsellor参赞first secretary一等秘书second secretary二等秘书third secretary三等秘书attach é，随员commercial secretary商务参赞cultural secretary文化参赞commercial attaché，商务专员cultural attach，é 文化专员military attach，é 武官naval attaché，海军武官air attach，é 空军武官consul-general总领事consul领事doyen of the diplomatic corps, dean of the diplomatic corps外交使团团长roving ambassador巡回大使ambassador-at-large无任所大使special envoy特使accredited to⋯向⋯派遣的英语词汇英汉对照→ 外交→ 外交机构Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Protocol Department礼宾司Information Department新闻司diplomatic mission外交代表机构embassy大使馆legation公使馆consulate-general总领事馆consulate领事馆office of the chargd'affairesé代办处military attach 's éoffice武官处commercial counsellor's office商务处press section , in formation service新闻处liaison office联络处英语词汇英汉对照-外交事务0本文作者 :beidanci发布于:2010-1-23分类:行业英语词汇点击:foreign affairs外交memorandum, aidememoire备忘录persona non-grat不受欢迎的人de jure recognition法律承认commnique公报announcement 公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials国书mutual recognition互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations建立外交关系letter of introduction介绍书during one's absence离任期间identification card身份证statement声明de facto recognition事实上承认persona grata受欢迎的人diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of appointment委任书certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书declaration, manifesto宣扬letter of recall召回公文note 照会verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会formal note正式照会normalization 正常化be appointed ambassador to ...被任命为驻, 大使to express regret 表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, to return to one's post返任to proceed to take up one's post赴任to present one's credentials递交国书to exchange ambassadors互派大使to resume diplomatic relations恢复外交关系to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level建立大使级外交关系to establish consular relations建立领事关系to assume one's post就任to take exception to; to object to提出异议to upgrade diplomatic relations外交关系升格to make representations to, to take up a (the) matter with向,交涉to lodge a protest with向 , 提出抗议to request the consent of...征求 , 的同意to suspend diplomatic relations中断外交关系本文出自 : 我爱背单词 , 原文地址：/post/article_6521.html外交机构及官员职位英汉对照时间 :2009-02-13 10:48 来源 : 口译网作者 : 口译网点击:5077 次Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Protocol Department礼宾司Information Department新闻司diplomatic mission外交代表机构embassy大使馆legation公使馆consulate-general总领事馆consulate领事馆office of the chargeé d'affaires,代办处military attaché's office,武官处commercial counsellor's office商务处press section, in formation service新闻处liaison office联络处diplomat 外交家 , 外交官diplomatic rank外交官衔diplomatic representative外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff行政技术人员ambassador大使ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary特命全权大使nuncio教廷大使internuncio教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister, minister-counsellor公使衔参赞charg é d'affaires,代办charg é d'affasiread interim,临时代办counsellor参赞first secretary一等秘书second secretary二等秘书third secretary三等秘书attach é, 随员commercial secretary商务参赞cultural secretary文化参赞commercial attaché,商务专员cultural attaché,文化专员military attaché,武官naval attach é, 海军武官air attach é, 空军武官consul-general总领事consul领事doyen of the diplomatic corps, dean of the diplomatic corps外交使团团长roving ambassador巡回大使ambassador-at-large无任所大使special envoy特使accredited to ...向,派遣的foreign affairs外交memorandum, aidememoire备忘录persona non-grat不受欢迎的人de jure recognition法律承认commnique公报announcement 公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials国书mutual recognition互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations建立外交关系letter of introduction介绍书during one's absence离任期间identification card身份证statement声明de facto recognition事实上承认persona grata受欢迎的人diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of appointment委任书certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书declaration, manifesto宣扬letter of recall召回公文note 照会verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会formal note正式照会normalization正常化be appointed ambassador to ...被任命为驻, 大使to express regret 表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, to return to one's post返任to proceed to take up one's post赴任to present one's credentials递交国书to exchange ambassadors 互派大使to resume diplomatic relations恢复外交关系to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level建立大使级外交关系to establish consular relations建立领事关系to assume one's post 就任to take exception to; to object to提出异议to upgrade diplomatic relations外交关系升格to make representations to, to take up a (the) matter with向,交涉to lodge a protest with向,提出抗议to request the consent of...征求 , 的同意to suspend diplomatic relations中断外交关系tea party茶会an atmosphere of cordiality and friendship诚挚友好的气氛reciprocal banquet答谢宴会delegation 代表团head of the delegation, leader of the delegation团长deputy head of the delegation, deputy leader of the delegation副团长member of the delegation代表团成员memorial speech悼词to develop the relations offriendship and cooperation发展友好合作关系prosperity and strength繁荣富强visit 访问friendly visit, goodwill visit友好访问informal visit非正式访问official visit正式访问private visit私人访问state visit国事访问obituary讣告questions of common interest;question of common concern共同关心的问题state banquet国宴message of greeting, message of congratulation贺电speech of welcome欢迎词welcoming banquet欢迎宴会cocktail party鸡尾酒会good health and a long life健康长寿profound condolence深切哀悼cordial hospitality盛情接待the two sides, the two parties双方luncheon午宴message of condolence唁电reception招待会toast祝酒词memorial meeting追悼会to convey one's sympathy表示慰问to meet with会见to review the guard of honour检阅仪仗队to exchange views交换意见to receive接见to be shocked to learn of惊悉be of the opinion, to hold, to consider, to maintain认为to propose a toast to...提议为, 干杯on the happy occasion of欣逢on learning with great joy欣悉to give a banquet in honour of...宴请,on invitation, upon invitation应邀at the invitation of...应 ,邀请in the company of..., accompanied by...在,陪同下to express one's sincere congratulations and best wishes致以衷心的祝贺和最好的愿望to wish prosperity to a country and well-being to its people祝（某国）国家繁荣人民幸福to take note of...注意到 fHis (Her, Your) Majesty陛下His (Her, Your) Royal Highness殿下His (Her, Your) Excellency阁下His excellency Mr. President and Mme..., 总统先生阁下和夫人（ Mme ： Madam 的缩写）原文链接： /vocab/455.html外交词汇,英语时政词汇,国际形势和国际关系口译词汇中英文对照关键词：英语时政词汇,外交英语词汇,中英文对照来源：上海外教网|发布日期：2008-01-1115:27安全考虑： security consideration傲慢行为： arrogant behavior多极化： multipolarity霸权主义： hegemonism强权政治： power politics国家主权： national sovereignty民族资源： national resource边界谈判： boundary negotiation不结盟国家： non-aligned countries采取惩罚行动： take punitive actions采取高姿态： show magnanimity采取协调行动： take concerted steps常驻代表： permanent representative弹性外交： elastic diplomacy邓小平外交思想： Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调： low keyed电话协商： telephone negotiations独联体国家： Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)度假外交： holiday-making diplomacy附庸国： dependency高层次、全方位的对话： high-level and all-directional dialogue公认的国际关系原则： generally-accepted principles of international relations 公使馆： legation公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序：a fair and rational new international political and economic order国际商会： International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)国际雇佣者组织： International Organization of Employers (IOE)国际关系的准则： norms governing international relations国际惯例： international common practice国际货币基金会： International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际金融组织： International Finance Corporation (IFC)国际聚焦： international spotlight国家不分大小，应该一律平等： All countries, big or small, should be equal.捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严：safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and nationaldignity 毫无根据的媒体报导： groundless media reports和平共处五项原则： the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence环太平洋地区： Pacific Rim缓和： detente抗美援朝战争： War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea联络处： liaison office领土管辖权： territorial jurisdiction领土毗连： territorial contiguity流血冲突： bloody conflict民间外交： people-to-people diplomacy南北对话： South-North dialogue以下为常见英语外交词汇以中英文对照的形式列出：南南合作： South-South cooperation贫穷国家： impoverished nation全方位外交： multi-faceted diplomacy伸张正义、主持公道： adhere to principles and uphold justice神圣不可侵犯： sacred and inviolable审时度势： size up the situation推翻一个政权： topple a regime外交承认： diplomatic recognition外交纷争： diplomatic dispute外交攻势： diplomatic offensive外交使团： diplomatic mission外交政策的基石： cornerstone of a country's foreign policy万国公法： law of nations维持外交关系： maintain diplomatic relations维护世界和平： safeguard world peace武装冲突： armed conflict西方国家利益： Western interests中美联合公报： Sino-US joint communique总领事馆： consulate general发展中国家： developing country发达国家： developed country中美外交关系专题词汇归纳( 中英文对照 )本文来源于 :/qwyy/word/201101/7473.html state visit国事访问Sino-US ties/China-US relations中美关系bilateral tie双边关系bilateral cooperation双边合作direct contact直接接触joint statement联合声明in the spirit of the joint statement本着联合声明的精神China-US joint communique中美联合公报top leaders最高领导人national interests国家利益core interests核心利益common interests of the two countries两国共同利益personality of the individual leaders领导人的个人魅力frequent meetings频繁会晤"conflict-dominant" relationship“冲突主导”的关系start a new era in US-China relations开创中美关系的新时代the normalization of US-China relations中美关系正常化permanent consultative institutions永久磋商机制constructive strategic partnership建设性战略伙伴关系overall strategic partnership全面战略伙伴关系rapprochement恢复邦交Ping Pong diplomacy乒乓外交high-level cooperation高层协作Strategic and Economic Dialogue战略经济对话establish diplomatic ties建立邦交highly confidential visit秘密访问zero-sum game零和博弈mutual trust相互信任common prosperity共同繁荣peaceful coexistence和平共处the situation on the Korean Peninsula朝鲜半岛局势resumption of Six-Party Talks重启六方会谈high-level visit高层访问maintain a low profile保持低姿态China will never seek hegemony.中国永远不会称霸。
英语新闻词汇总结1
政治：1.Statea of the Union （总统至国会的）国情咨文（美国政府办的）医疗保险制度 （总统至国会的）国情咨文 2.Medicare （美国政府办的）医疗保险制度3. Medicaid （由各级政府资助的）医疗补助（制度）民主政治、民主主义 （由各级政府资助的）医疗补助（制度） 4.democracy 民主政治、民主主义5.Democrat 美国民主党党员违反宪法的美国民主党党员 6.unconstitutional 违反宪法的7.activist 激进主义分子、行动主义分子（美国）联邦储备系统 激进主义分子、行动主义分子 8.federal reserve （美国）联邦储备系统9.administration 政府政府 10.ambassador 大使大使11.anarchy 无政府状态政治庇护无政府状态 12.asylum 政治庇护13.ballot 选票资本主义选票 14.capitalism 资本主义15.bill 议案内阁议案 16.cabinet 内阁17.boycott 联合抵制保守派联合抵制 18.conservative 保守派19.shelter 庇护庇护 20.neutral 中立的中立的21.oppress 压迫改革压迫 22.reform 改革23.liberal 自由主义的陪审团自由主义的 24.jury 陪审团25.guilty 有罪的宪法有罪的 26.constitution 宪法27.dictator 独裁者大使馆独裁者 28.embassy 大使馆29..federal 联邦的联邦的 30.legislature 立法机构立法机构31.oust 剥夺议会剥夺 32.parliament 议会33.Senate 参议院戒严参议院 34.curfew 戒严35.demonstrate 示威强制执行示威 36.enforce 强制执行37.diplomat 外交官极端主义者外交官 38.extremist 极端主义者39.dissident 不同政见者不同政见者 40.perpetrator n..犯罪者作恶者犯罪者 作恶者41.parole n.假释温和的、仁慈的假释 42.leniently ad.温和的、仁慈的43.detrimental a. 有害的有害的 44.rehash vt.改头换面地重复，旧调重谈改头换面地重复，旧调重谈 45.Indigenous a. 本土的暗杀者，刺客本土的 46.assassin n.暗杀者，刺客47.pending a.未决的口角、吵闹未决的 48.wrangling n.口角、吵闹49.polemics n.辩论术绑架辩论法 50.abduct vt.绑架辩论术 辩论法51.blackmail n.勒索公理勒索 52.univerial principle 公理53.session n.会议使沮丧开庭 54.dampen v.使沮丧会议 开庭55counterfeiting n.伪造间歇的 断断续续的断断续续的伪造 56.intermittent a.间歇的her vt.引导缓和解冻 缓和带来 58.thaw n.解冻引导 带来59.watershed n.. 分水岭鲜明的姿态分水岭 60.high profile 鲜明的姿态61.standoff n..冷淡（尤指对反对政府政治犯的特赦 僵局 62.amnesty n..（尤指对反对政府政治犯的特赦冷淡 僵局63.testimony n.（尤指在法庭所作的）证词，陈述驱逐（尤指在法庭所作的）证词，陈述 64.hustle vt.驱赶驱赶 驱逐65.oust from 驱逐重申驱逐 66.reiterate vt.重申67.be affiliated with 与……有关系 68.stalemate n.僵局僵局69.status quo n.现状现状 70.secular a. 非宗教的非宗教的71.delicate a.微妙的零星的微妙的 棘手的棘手的 72.sproadic a.零星的73.reprisal n.报复报复 74.embazzlement n.盗用盗用 侵占侵占 挪用挪用 75.AFP Agency Fance-Press 法新社法新社 76..coup n.出乎意料的行动出乎意料的行动 政变政变 77.boulevard n.林荫大道林荫大道 78.clique n.私党私党 派系派系 79.regime n..政体政体 政权政权 80..repulse v .击退击退 81.strive v .努力努力 奋斗奋斗 82..amputate vt.切断切断 83.topple v .推翻推翻 颠覆颠覆 84.uncanny a.离奇的离奇的85.intimidation n.胁迫胁迫 e down to 归结为归结为 涉及到涉及到 87.resonant a.引起共鸣的引起共鸣的 88.speculate vi.推测推测 思索思索 89.endorse v .赞同或支持赞同或支持 90.spokesman 发言人发言人 91.President of the PRC 中华人民共和国主席中华人民共和国主席 92.Premier of State Council 国务院总理国务院总理93.a permanent member of the Security Council安理会常任理事国安理会常任理事国94.a non-permanent member of the Security Council安理会非常任理事国安理会非常任理事国 95.a medical parole 保外就医保外就医 96.offset trade 补偿贸易补偿贸易97supplementary provisions 补充规定补充规定 98unconfirmed governmental aid 不附加任何政治条件的政府援助不附加任何政治条件的政府援助99the turn-out rate for the election 参选率参选率 100to manipulate the political situation 操纵政局操纵政局 101multi-candidate election 差额选举差额选举102single-candidate election 等额选举等额选举103independent judicial power 独立的司法权独立的司法权 104a separate customs territory 独立关税区独立关税区 105the ruling party 执政党执政党 106the opposition party 在野党军事：1.disarm 解除武装、放下武器解除武装、放下武器2.surrender 投降、自首投降、自首itary spending 军费支出军费支出4.aggression 侵略侵略5.base 军营军营6.ceasefire 停火协议停火协议8.submarine 潜艇潜艇 9.kidnap 绑架绑架10.hijack 绑架绑架 11.air force 空军空军12.invade 侵略侵略 13.hostage 人质人质14.guerrilla 游击队游击队 15.ammunition 弹药弹药16.border 边界边界17.clash 冲突冲突18.bullet 子弹子弹 19.conflict 冲突冲突20.deploy 部署（军队）部署（军队）21.artillery 炮22.bomb 炸弹袭击炸弹袭击 23.headquarters 司令部司令部24.missile 导弹导弹 25.offensive 攻击攻击26.capture 捕获捕获 27.radar 雷达雷达28.radiation 辐射辐射 29.shell 炮轰炮轰30.riot 骚乱骚乱 31.mob 暴徒暴徒 32.raid 袭击袭击1033.hostile 敌对的敌对的 34.release 释放; 发布发布 35.condemn 遣责遣责itia n.民兵民兵 37.genocide n.有计划的灭种屠杀有计划的灭种屠杀38.atrocity n.残暴残暴 暴行暴行 凶恶凶恶 39.holocaust n.大毁灭大毁灭 大屠杀大屠杀 40.hamper v .妨碍妨碍 牵制牵制 41.arsenal n.兵工厂兵工厂 军械库军械库42.shroud vt.遮蔽遮蔽 隐蔽隐蔽 43.instigate v .鼓动鼓动44.critigue v .评论评论 批注批注45.impairment n.损害损害 损伤损伤 46.ultra sound 超声（波）超声（波）47.cynic n.反对者反对者48.daunting a.萎缩的萎缩的49.outright ad.立刻地立刻地 完全地完全地50.suppress vt.镇压镇压 抑制抑制 查禁查禁 51.embattled a.被敌人围困的被敌人围困的 52.surveillance n.监视监视 监督监督53.venue n.集合地点集合地点 54.participation forces 参战部队参战部队参战部队 55.vehicle maintenance 车辆维护车辆维护车辆维护 56.missile tests 导弹试验导弹试验导弹试验 57.the defense industry 国防工业国防工业58.the international Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能机构能机构59.national security interests 国家安全利益国家安全利益 60.nuclear reactor 核反应堆核反应堆核反应堆 61.territorial sea 领海领海领海 62.territorial space 领空领空领空 63.artificial intelligence 人工智能人工智能人工智能 64.weapons procurements 武器采购武器采购武器采购 65.weapons orders 武器订货武器订货武器订货 66.weapons deliveries 武器交货武器交货武器交货 67.weapons transfers 武器转让武器转让武器转让 68.the armed forces 武装部队武装部队69.nuclear weapons proliferation 核武器扩散核武器扩散70.molotov cocktail (攻击战车用的)燃烧弹燃烧弹 amicable relations 友好关系友好关系 armed intervention 武装干涉武装干涉 appropriate authority 有关当局有关当局 confidence vote 信任票信任票 incumbent 现任者现任者 step down 辞职、下台辞职、下台 state visit 国事访问国事访问 constituency 选区、选民选区、选民 ink 签署（合同、文件）签署（合同、文件） ballistic missile 反导弹系统反导弹系统 crackdown 取缔取缔 authorities 当局当局 collapse 倒塌倒塌 apartheid 种族隔离种族隔离 arch-foe 主要的劲敌主要的劲敌 bail 保释保释complains box 意见箱意见箱confiscate 没收没收news briefing 新闻发布会新闻发布会 hawk 主战派主战派 politburo 政治局政治局 address 演说、处理演说、处理 amateur 非职业政治家非职业政治家 amnesty 特赦特赦 assassination 暗杀暗杀 backup 后援后援 expel 驱逐驱逐 unrest 动荡动荡diplomatic tie 外交关系外交关系 weapon inspection 武器核查武器核查 local protectionism 地方保护主义地方保护主义 press spokesman 新闻发言人新闻发言人 hijack 劫机劫机 move 行为行为 步骤步骤10death toll 死亡数死亡数 axis power 轴心国轴心国 advisory body 顾问团顾问团 allied power 同盟国同盟国 abstain from voting 弃权弃权 economic sanction 经济制裁经济制裁 tenure of office 任职期任职期peaceful co-existence 和平共处和平共处 ammunition 军火军火 appointment 任命任命 backlash 对抗性的反映对抗性的反映 aggression 进攻进攻 air force 空军空军ammunition 军火，弹药军火，弹药 artillery 炮兵炮兵 bullet 子弹子弹 campaign 战役战役 coalition 联合军队联合军队 deploy 部署部署 militant 武装分子武装分子 accuse 控告控告 activist 激进主义分子激进主义分子 administration 行政部门行政部门化学工业部化学工业部Ministry of Chemical Industry 办公厅办公厅General Office 计划司计划司Planning Department 外事司外事司Foreign Affairs Department 人事司人事司Personnel Department 化工新材料局化工新材料局New Chemical Material Department 化工司化工司Chemical Department 橡胶司橡胶司Rubber Department 炼化司炼化司Department of Refining and Chemicals 矿山司矿山司Chemical Mines Bureau 化工规划院化工规划院Chemical Planning Institute 设备总公司设备总公司Equipment General Corporation 基建局基建局Capital Construction Department 教育司教育司Education Department 化肥司化肥司Chemical Fertilizer Department 供销局供销局Department of Supply and Sales agency 机构，部门机构，部门 ambassador 大使大使 anarchy 无政府状态无政府状态 announce 宣布宣布 ballot 选举票选举票betray 背叛背叛 cabinet 内阁内阁 campaign 竞选运动竞选运动 candidate 候选人候选人 capitalism 资本主义资本主义 clash 冲突，抵触冲突，抵触 committee 委员会委员会 compromise 妥协妥协 condemn 声讨，谴责声讨，谴责 conflict 斗争斗争 crash 碰撞碰撞customs 海关，进口税海关，进口税 declare 声明声明 delegate 代表代表 denounce 公开抨击公开抨击 dictator 独裁者独裁者 diplomat 外交官外交官 disarm 解除武装解除武装 dispute 争论争论 embassy 大使馆大使馆 extremist 极端主义者极端主义者 federal 联邦的联邦的 halt 停止停止 hang 绞刑绞刑 dove 主和派主和派 hostage 人质人质 incite 煽动煽动 inspect 检查，巡视检查，巡视 invade 侵略侵略 kidnap 绑架绑架11march 行军，游行行军，游行 missile 导弹导弹 mob 暴徒暴徒 mourn 哀悼哀悼 neutral 中立的中立的 nominate 提名提名 overthrow 推翻，颠覆推翻，颠覆 parade 阅兵阅兵 rebel 反叛反叛 repress 压制压制 resign 辞去职务辞去职务 refugee 难民难民 resolution 决议决议 revolt 起义起义riot 骚动，暴民骚动，暴民 sabotage 从事破坏活动从事破坏活动 stab 刺伤刺伤 strike 罢工罢工 subversion 颠覆颠覆 surrender 投降投降 swear in 宣誓就职宣誓就职territory 领土领土 treaty 条约条约 truce 休战休战 violate 违反违反 wreck 破坏破坏 wreckage 残骸残骸 denuclearization 非核化非核化按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices 把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators 把有限的资金用在“刀刃上”把有限的资金用在“刀刃上”use our limited funds where they can be put to best use 保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth 保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission 保证国家的长治久安guarantee China ’s long-term stability 保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs 保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns 避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment.发展：1.ex parte 单方的单方的2..anti-dumping measure against 反倾销措施反倾销措施3.counterclaim 反申索反申索4.risk management 风险管理风险管理5.risk assessment 风险评估风险评估6.venture capital 风险基金风险基金7.loan loss provision 风险准备金风险准备金8.distraint 扣押扣押9.guide rational consumption 合理引导消费合理引导消费 10.certified copy 核证副本核证副本11.bad/dead/uncollectible account/bad debt/loan坏账,呆账,死账死账 12.deflation 通货紧缩通货紧缩 13.inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀 14.full liability 完全责任完全责任教育：graduation appraisal 毕业鉴定毕业鉴定10thesis 毕业论文毕业论文doctorate tutor 博士生导师博士生导师 school report 成绩单成绩单make-up examination 补考补考the State Education Commission 国家教委国家教委6.lecturer 讲师讲师 assistant 助教助教 intern 见习生见习生military academy 军校军校 cadet 军校学员军校学员 guarantee 保证书保证书 admission 会费、入学会费、入学 campus 校园校园 scholarship 奖学金奖学金fellowship 团体、协会团体、协会 assistantship 助学金助学金 grant 助学金、津贴助学金、津贴 semester 学期学期tuition 学费、课程讲授学费、课程讲授 visa 签证签证application 签证签证 moral character 道德品质道德品质 domain 领域领域treasurer 生活委员、财务大臣生活委员、财务大臣 curriculum 总课程总课程 seminar 研讨班研讨班 dean 院长、学院院长、学院 matriculation 入学考试入学考试 thesis 论文论文 competitive examination 答辩考试答辩考试 elective system 选课制度选课制度bibliography 书目书目 credited system 学分制学分制 copier 复印机复印机 major 主修、专业主修、专业 minor 副修副修graduation commencement 毕业典礼毕业典礼 quite school 退学退学 presentation 报告报告 remedial 补习的补习的open-admission 免试入学制免试入学制 elementary education 初等教育初等教育 secondary education 中等教育中等教育 higher education 高等教育高等教育 adult education 成人教育成人教育 public school 公立学校公立学校 open-book exam 开卷考试开卷考试 dux 学习尖子学习尖子大学）代理校长大学）代理校长Acting President （大学）副校长（大学）副校长Vice President （大学）校长（大学）校长President/Chancellor（大学）专科（大学）专科Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs （大学的）研究小组；讨论会（大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar （国家）助学金（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy （戏剧学院）表演系Acting Department （系）主任（系）主任chairman; chairperson （小学）校长（小学）校长Head /Master （职工）子弟学校（职工）子弟学校 school for children of workers & staff members （中学）校长（中学）校长Principal 爱国人士爱国人士patriotic personage 爱国主义教育爱国主义教育education in patriotism 百分制百分制100-mark system10班主任Class Discipline Adviser/Head Teacher 办学效益办学效益efficiency in school management 半工半读学校半工半读学校part-work and part-study school 半文盲半文盲semiliterate; functional illiterate 包分配包分配guarantee job assignments 被授权被授权be authorized to do 必修课必修课required/compulsory course 毕业典礼毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业鉴定毕业鉴定graduation appraisal 毕业论文毕业论文thesis; dissertation 毕业设计毕业设计 graduation ceremony 毕业生graduate毕业实习毕业实习graduation field work 毕业证书毕业证书 diploma; graduation certificate 博士博士doctor (Ph.D)社会：1. densely populated 人口稠密人口稠密2. sparsely populated 人口稀少人口稀少3. population base 人口基数人口基数4. population density 人口密度人口密度5. population distribution 人口分布人口分布6. aging of population 人口老龄化人口老龄化7. rejuvenation of population 人口年轻化人口年轻化8. population growth 人口增长人口增长9. population explosion 人口爆炸人口爆炸 10. population expansion 人口膨胀人口膨胀 11. population control 人口控制人口控制 12. demographic experts 人口专家人口专家 13. the Ministry of Finance 财政部财政部 14. abuse 滥用滥用15. access 通路、接近权通路、接近权 16. aggressive 好斗的好斗的 17. alert 提防的提防的18. allegation 指控、断言指控、断言 19. ambush 埋伏埋伏 20. amendment 改善改善 21. anonymous 匿名的匿名的 22. backdrop 背景，幕布背景，幕布 23. appease 平息平息 24. bash 狂欢、盛会狂欢、盛会 25. beef up 加强、补充加强、补充 26. boom 繁荣繁荣27. boom and bust 繁荣与萧条繁荣与萧条28. bizarre 奇异的奇异的29. a nervous breakdown 神经衰弱神经衰弱 30. bystander 旁观者旁观者 31. census 人口普查人口普查 32. census bureau 人口统计局人口统计局 33. champion 拥护拥护34. concede 勉强、承认、退让勉强、承认、退让 35. conventional 常规的常规的 36. credibility 可信性可信性 37. crossover 交送交送 38. deterrence 制止、威慑制止、威慑 39. divert 转移转移40. ecstasy 狂喜、摇头丸狂喜、摇头丸1041. black box 测谎仪测谎仪 42. civil servant 公务员公务员 43. bistro 夜总会夜总会 44. relevance 意义意义 45. semiconductor 半导体半导体 46. sedan 小轿车小轿车47. active substance 放射性物质放射性物质 48. benefit concert 义演音乐会义演音乐会 49. curriculum vitae 履历表履历表 50. door money 入场费入场费 51. 211工程工程211 Project 52. 安居工程安居工程 housing project for low-income families 53. 安居小区安居小区a neighborhood for low-income families 54. 保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment55. 补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金 All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan. 56. 保险业保险业The insurance industry 57. 保证重点支出保证重点支出 Ensure funding for priority areas 58. 被兼并或挤掉被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business 59. 补发拖欠的养老金补发拖欠的养老金 Clear up pension payments in arrears 60. 不良贷款不良贷款Non Non——performing loan 61. 层层转包和违法分保层层转包和违法分保 Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 62. 产值产值output value 63. 城乡信用社城乡信用社Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas 64. 城镇居民最低生活保障城镇居民最低生活保障 A minimum standard of living for city residents 65. room rate 房价房价standard standard rate rate 标准价 en-suite 套房 family suite 家庭套房twin room you 带两张单人床的房间 double room 带一张双人床的房间 advance deposit 定金 reservation 订房间 registration 登记 rate sheets 房价表 tariff 价目表 cancellation 取消预定 imperial suite 皇室套房 presidential suite 总统套房 suite deluxe 高级套房 junior suite 简单套房mini suite 小型套房honeymoon suite 蜜月套房 penthouse suite 楼顶套房 unmade room 未清扫房 on change 待清扫房 valuables 贵重品 porter 行李员 luggage/baggage 行李registered/checked luggage 托运行李 light luggage 轻便行李 baggage elevator 行李电梯 baggage receipt 行李收据 trolley 手推车 storage room 行李仓 briefcase 公文包 suit bag 衣服袋 travelling bag 旅行袋 shoulder bag 背包11trunk 大衣箱 suitcase 小提箱name tag 标有姓名的标签 regular flight 正常航班non-scheduled flight 非正常航班 international flight 国际航班 domestic flight 国内航班 flight number 航班号 airport 机场airline operation 航空业务 alternate airfield 备用机场 landing field 停机坪 international terminal 国际航班候机楼 domestic terminal 国内航班候机楼 control tower 控制台 jetway 登机道 air-bridge 旅客桥 visitors terrace 迎送平台concourse 中央大厅loading bridge 候机室至飞机的连接通路 airline coach service 汽车服务 shuttle bus 机场内来往班车职业：1.actor 男演员男演员2.actres 女演员女演员3.singer 歌手歌手4.dancer 舞蹈家舞蹈家5.painter 画家,油漆匠油漆匠6.teacher 教师教师7.professor 教授教授8.headmaster 中小学校长中小学校长9.headmistress 中小学女校长中小学女校长 10.headteacher 校长校长 11.director 导演导演 12.editor 编者编者 13.writer 作家作家 14.reporter 记者记者 15.announcer 广播员广播员 16.journalist 杂志记者杂志记者 17.worker 工人工人 18.farmer 农夫农夫 19.fisherman 渔夫渔夫 20.chemist 化学家,药剂师药剂师 21.engineer 工程师工程师 22.explorer 探险家探险家 23.researcher 研究员研究员24.doctor 医生,博士博士 25.nurse 护士护士 26.surgeon 外科医生外科医生 27.sailor 水手水手 28.seaman 船员船员 29.pilot 飞行员,领航员领航员 30.astronaut 宇航员宇航员 31.driver 驾驶员驾驶员 32.athlete 运动员运动员 33.policeman 警察警察 34.detective 侦探侦探 35.judge 法官法官 wyer 律师律师 37.attorney 律师律师 38.cook 厨子,厨师厨师 39.baker 面包师面包师 40.waiter 侍者侍者41.waitress 女服务生女服务生 42.butcher 屠夫屠夫 43.clerk 办事员办事员 44.typist 打字员打字员 45.secretary 秘书秘书 46.salesman 售货员,推销员推销员1247.shopkeeper 零售商,店主店主 48.bookseller 书商书商 49tailor 裁缝裁缝 50.soldier 军人军人 51.postman 邮差邮差 52.mailman 邮差邮差 53.firefighter 消防人员消防人员 54.conductor 乘务员乘务员 55.librarian 图书管理员图书管理员 56.baby-sitter 保姆保姆 57.apprentice 学徒工学徒工 58.artisan 工匠工匠 59.craftsman 工匠工匠 60.specialist 专家专家 61.employer 雇主,老板老板 62.receptionist 接待员接待员 63.operator 电话接线员电话接线员 64.interpreter 翻译翻译 65.photographer 摄影师摄影师 66.playwright 剧作家剧作家 67.linguist 语言学家语言学家 68.botanist 植物学家植物学家 69.economist 经济学家经济学家 70.chemist 化学家化学家 71.scientist 科学家科学家 72.philosopher 哲学家哲学家 73.politician 政治学家政治学家 74.physicist 物理学家物理学家 75.archaeologist 考古学家考古学家 76.geologist 地质学家地质学家 77.mathematician 数学家数学家 78.biologist 生物学家生物学家 79.zoologist 动物学家动物学家90.statistician 统计学家统计学家 91.physiologist 生理学家生理学家 92.futurologist 未来学家未来学家 93.artist 艺术家艺术家 poser 作曲家作曲家 95.designer 设计家设计家 96.sculptor 雕刻家雕刻家 97.designer 服装设计师服装设计师 98.model 模特模特 99.poet 诗人诗人 100.merchant 商人商人 101.stewardess 空中小姐空中小姐 102.porter 行李夫行李夫 103.architect 建筑师建筑师 104.druggist 药剂师药剂师 105.chemist 药剂师药剂师 106.guide 导游导游 107.dentist 牙科医生牙科医生 108.supervisor 监工监工法律：draft 法案，草案法案，草案 Government bill 政府议案政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案通过议案 to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律颁布法律 ratification, confirmation 批准批准 law enforcement 法律的实施法律的实施 to come into force 生效生效 decree 法令法令 clause 条款条款minutes 备忘录备忘录 report 判例汇编判例汇编 codification 法律汇编法律汇编 legislation 立法立法 legislator 立法者立法者 jurist 法学家法学家 jurisprudence 法学法学 legitimize 合法化合法化legality, lawfulness 法制，合法法制，合法13legal, lawful 合法的,依法的依法的contravene a law, infringe a law, break a law 违法违法 outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的超出法律范围的 offender 罪犯罪犯to abolish 废止，取消废止，取消rescission, annulment 废除，取消废除，取消 repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同)cancellation (支票)作废作废 annulment 撤消(遗嘱) repeal rescission 撤消(判决) revocation 撤消撤消immunity 豁免，豁免权豁免，豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格无资格 non-retroactive character 不溯既往性不溯既往性 prescription 剥夺公权剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收 constitutional law 宪法宪法 canon law 教会法规教会法规 common law 习惯法习惯法 criminal law 刑法刑法 administrative law 行政法行政法 civil law 民法民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法商法law of nations 万国公法，国际法万国公法，国际法 international law 国际法国际法 natural law 自然法自然法 labor laws 劳工法劳工法fiscal law 财政法财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法民事诉讼法 Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法刑事诉讼法 Military Law 军法军法 Conscript Law 兵役法兵役法 Copyright Law 著作权法著作权法 penal code 刑法典刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典商法典civil rights 民事权利，公民权利民事权利，公民权利 right of asylum 避难权避难权 human rights, rights of man 人权人权(customs) duties 关税关税 death duty, death tax 遗产税遗产税 royalties 版税版税经济：1.inflation 通货膨胀、物价暴涨通货膨胀、物价暴涨2.energy crisis 能源危机能源危机3.treasury bond 财政部发售的公债、美国的长期国库券财政部发售的公债、美国的长期国库券4.securities 有价证券有价证券5.bond 公债、债务公债、债务6.target interest rate 目标利率目标利率7.dealer 经销商经销商 8.credit 把金额计入某人银行账户的贷方把金额计入某人银行账户的贷方9.discount window 贴现窗口贴现窗口10.federal income tax 联邦所得税联邦所得税11.internal revenue service 美国国会内税局美国国会内税局 12.individual income tax 个人所得税个人所得税13.progressive tax 累进税累进税 14.social security 社会保障、社会保险社会保障、社会保险 15.taxdeduction 课税减免课税减免 16.defict 赤字、不足额赤字、不足额17.treasury 财政部、国库财政部、国库 18.moderator 仲裁人仲裁人19.censorship 审查机构、审查制度审查机构、审查制度1020subsidy 补助金、津贴补助金、津贴 21.budget 预算预算 22.customs 入关税入关税 23.depression 衰退衰退 bor 劳动力劳动力25.profit 利润利润 26recession 衰退衰退 27.strike 罢工罢工 28.crunch n.见难局面见难局面 短缺短缺29.probation n.试用试用 见习见习 30.excise tax 特许权税特许权税 31.standard of living 生活标准生活标准 生活水平生活水平 32.subsidy n.补助金补助金 津贴津贴33.subcontient n.次大陆次大陆 34.multinational company 跨国公司跨国公司 35.graft n.渎职渎职 36.rampant a.猖獗的猖獗的37.agriarian a. 农业的农业的 38.onslaught n.冲击冲击39.preferential a.特惠的特惠的 40.subsidize v .津贴津贴 补助补助41.devaluation n.（货币）贬值（货币）贬值 42.trailer n.汽车拖的活动房屋汽车拖的活动房屋43.foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备外汇储备 44.current account surplus 国际收支经常项目顺差国际收支经常项目顺差45.trim vt.消减消减 46.privatization n. 私有化私有化 47petroleum reserves 石油储量石油储量 48.lucrative a.有利的有利的 赚钱的赚钱的49.disparity n.不一致不一致 不等不等 50.equitable a.公平的公平的 公正的公正的 51.properred a.首选的首选的 52.asylum n.庇护庇护 受容所受容所53.revenue n.收入收入 税收税收 54.savvy a.有实际知识的有实际知识的 能干的能干的 55.mandate n.(党派、工会的拥护者对所在组织的)授权授权56.megacity n..(人口超过100万的)大城市大城市 57.infrastructure n.基础建设基础建设 基础结构基础结构 71.self-employed households 个体户个体户72.customs duty 关税关税73.the exchange rate mechanism 汇率机制汇率机制74.currency devaluation 货币贬值货币贬值 75.currency appreciation 货币升值货币升值 76.capital construction 基本建设基本建设77.develop in a coordinated and balanced manner 协调发展协调发展 78.economic and legal leverages 经济法律杠杆经济法律杠杆 79.the economic growth rate 经济增长率经济增长率 80.to deal in futures 经营期货经营期货81.a money losing enterprise 亏损企业亏损企业 82.retail sales 零售额零售额 83.drifting population 流动人口流动人口 84.circulating funds 流动资金流动资金85.circulation system 流通体制流通体制 86.trade volume 贸易额贸易额 87.trade surplus 贸易顺差贸易顺差 88.trade deficit 贸易逆差贸易逆差89.duty-free article 免税物品免税物品 90.dutiable article 应税物品应税物品91.to erect trade barriers 设置贸易壁垒设置贸易壁垒 92.the balance of revenue and expenditure 收支平衡收支平衡93.post-sale service 售后服务售后服务 94.dual taxation 双重征税双重征税95.foreign exchange reserves 外汇储备外汇储备 96.foreign trade development fund 外贸发展基金外贸发展基金 97.foreign trade risk fund 外贸风险基金外贸风险基金 98.border trade 边境贸易边境贸易99.barter trade 易货贸易易货贸易 100.a pillar industry 支柱产业支柱产业 current account 经常账户，往来账户经常账户，往来账户 bounds and share account 公债及股票账户公债及股票账户account settlement 结算结算 acquisition 收购、接管企业收购、接管企业。
《学术交流英语教程》汉译英
P1951、我是X大学外国语学院副教授。
近日从网上得知，“第五届国际跨文化交流研讨会”将于2004年3月在牛津大学举办。
我对参加这次会议非常感兴趣，因为我以从事这方面研究多年。
I’m an associate professor in the foreign language college of X university. In recent, I learned from the website that “the 5th international inter-culture communication seminar” will be held in March 2004 in Oxford . I’m very much interested in attending this conference because I have been studying in this field for many years.2、我从会议的第一轮通知上得知，将于明年在哈佛举行的“IEA2004”的会议主题是网络与教育的关系问题，这正是我近几年来的研究兴趣所在。
I learned from the first round notice that the theme of “IEA2004”conference that will be held in Harvard next year is about the relationship between network and education, which is just a focus of my research in recent years.3、请您把我的个人资料收入会议的数据库并把我的地址列入“通迅名录”。
希望能及时收到所有关于这一会议的进一步信息。
Please put my personal information into the database of conference and include my address in “address list”. I’m looking forward to receiving any further information in relation to this conference in time.4、我已接到论文被采用的通知和出席会议的正式邀请，并已于2月20日在网上正式注册参加会议，但至今尚未得到任何会议资料。
翻译高频词汇
翻译考试历年常考高频词汇(考试必备)P5 联合国安全理事会五个常任理事国partisan, partizan 党羽，某个党派、事业、派系、人或思想的狂热支持者或反对者PETA (People for the ethical Treatment of Animals) 美国善待动物协会pay a price 付出代价piracy 侵犯版权，非法翻印，盗版plutocracy 富豪统治Presidential election 总统选举adverse election results 不利的选举结果ballot 投票；选举/ 拉选票；选票campaign 竞选活动从事竞选活动candidate 候选人canvass 游说、拉选票charisma领袖魅力controversy 争议，争论Democratic party <美>民主党派electorate 全体选民eloquent 全体选民gracious loser 输得起的人；有风度的输家hheavy poll 得票率高nominee 候选人；被提名者opinion poll 民意测验poll 投票，投票数poll station; the poll 投票站Republican Party <美>共和党TV debate 电视辩论voter 选民neck and neck 并驾齐驱；不分上下landslide 占绝对优势的选举；压倒多数的选票landslide victory 巨大的胜利proliferation 扩散proposal 倡议书quota 配额，限额recall <美>（投票）罢免recession 工商业之衰退，不景气revenue enhancement 税收增加sea change 海洋是转变，巨大变化（源自莎士比亚的剧本台词）secede 正式脱离或退出分离secret ballot 不记名投票Secret Service （政府的）特务机关，情报机关Security Council 联合国安全理事会skyjacking 劫机smallpox 天花socialism 社会主义，社会主义运动2D (two dimensional graphics images and animated images) 平面3D (three dimensional graphics images and animated images) 三维3D rendering 三维渲染aerial top dressing 空中施肥advanced technology 先进技术analog electronic technology 模拟电子技术animation 动画片AOL (American Online) 美国在线Apple Corporation 苹果公司artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能artificial life (AL of Alife) 人工生命ATM (Automated Teller Machine) 自动柜员机audio card 声卡audio conference 音频会议；电话会议biotechnology 生物工程B2B and B2C 企业对企业（商家对商家）及企业对消费者的电子商务bandwidth 带宽bar code 条形码BBS (Bulletin Board System) 公告板系统，论坛bookmark 电子书签browser 浏览器bullet train 子弹头列车cache memory 高速缓冲存储器caller ID display 来电显示camcorder 便携式摄影机CD burning 光盘刻录CDMA/TDMA 码分多址（一种扩频多址数字式通信技术）CD-RW/CD-Rewritable 可重刻chat lines; chat rooms 聊天室CPU (Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器cyberspace 电脑空间conductor 导体convection 对流cortex 大脑皮层cryonics 人体冷冻法cutting-edge 优势；前沿，极其重要的状态或位置database 数据库desktop videoconference （桌面）视频会议dial-up connection 拨号连接Digital Video (DV) / Camcorder 数码摄像机distance education (DE) 远程教育E-learning; Web-based training 电子学习encryption 加密firewall 防火墙Flash 由macromedia公司推出的交互式矢量图和Web动画的标准frontier science and technology 科技发展前沿FTP (File Transfer Protocol used for downloading files on the Internet) 文件传输协议genetic engineering 遗传工程hacker (phreaker) 黑客，骇客hard drive 硬盘驱动器hemisphere 大脑半球high scientific and technological content 科技含量高home page 主页insulator 绝缘体interactive television (ITV) 互动电视IBM = International Business Machines Corporation 国际商业机器公司（美）internet surfing 网上冲浪Internet 互联网intranet 企业内部互联网ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际标准化组织joystick （电脑游戏等）操纵杆jukebox 自动点唱机Kiosk 多功能信息商亭LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示器Mac (Macintosh) 苹果机maglev train 磁悬浮列车manned spaceflight 载人航天飞行MD (minidisk) 小型磁盘MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) 迷笛，数码音乐microcircuit 微电路modem “猫”，调制解调器multimedia 多媒体molecular science 分子科学natural sciences 自然科学nerd 不善社交、专心致志搞科研或精于科研的人；书呆子neuron 神经元new and high technology industries 高新技术产业notebook computer 笔记本电脑Omega point 欧米伽点P2P (Peer to Peer Networking) 对等网络PC (Personal Computer) 个人电脑PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) 个人数字助理，掌上电脑Pentium 奔腾，Intel公司生产的CPU芯片Plug and play 插件Plug-in 插件PPP (PowerPoint presentation) 文件演示plastic beauty 人造美女posthuman 后人类pseudo-science 伪科学RAM (Random Access Memory) 随机存贮器，内存remote control 遥控robotics 机器人技术research institutions 科研院所semi-conductor 半导体soil and pasture management 土壤和草场管理streaming media 流媒体synchronous 同步的scanner 扫描仪screen capturing 截屏search engine 搜索引擎technological innovation 科技创新telecommunication 电讯teleconference 远程电信会议touchscreen 触摸屏tablet computer 平板电脑tissue （生物）组织URL (Uniform Resource Locator) 互联网上的信息资源定位系统ubiquitous network 无处不在的网络virtual community 虚拟社区VR –virtual reality (artificial reality) 虚拟现实water conservancy 水利webcasting 网络广播live web casting 网络直播World Wide Web 万维网acknowledge 承认a gathering permeated with a spirit of cordial friendship 充满亲切友情的聚会a rewarding trip 不虚此行accommodate 供给……住宿，招待；适应，配合add a new page to the history of 给……的历史增加了新的一页agenda 议程alumnus 校友at the invitation of …应……的邀请banquet 宴会播BBQ party 烧烤会Bon Appetit! 祝你胃口好Bon Voyage! 旅途愉快buffet 自助餐buffet reception 冷餐招待会cheek-to-cheek embrace 贴脸拥抱cheers 干杯closing speech 闭幕致辞cocktail party 鸡尾酒会colleague(s) 同仁commerce ties 商业关系coexistence 共存，共处congenial atmosphere 融洽气氛costume party; masquerade 化妆舞会courtesy call 礼节性拜会courtesy call 礼节性拜会dinner; dinner party 晚宴distinguished guest 贵宾；嘉宾draw to a close 即将结束eloquent remark 雄辩的（动人的）演讲entertain 招待extraordinary arrangement 特殊安排；精心安排eye salute 注目礼farewell ceremony 欢送仪式feel honored and privileged 感到荣幸feel pleased and honored 感到愉快和荣幸feel proud and honored 感到骄傲和荣幸fellow citizens 同胞们foreign affairs office 外事办fulfill one’s ambitions 展鸿图，酬壮志generous hospitality 盛情款待genuine friendship 真挚友谊give a dinner for a visitor from afar 接风洗尘goodwill visit 友好访问gracious invitation 盛情邀请gracious remark 热情的演讲，评论Guest of Honor 主宾gun salute 礼炮heartfelt gratefulness 由衷的感谢hearty embrace 热烈拥抱hearty gratitude 衷心的感谢heritage 传统hospitality 好客host a farewell dinner for someone 为…饯行host country 主办国，东道主国家host 主人I’ve long heard of you 久仰impromptu speech 即席讲话in the company of…;accompanied by…在…的陪同下inauguration 开幕式；就职典礼incomparable hospitality 无比盛情的款待itinerary 活动日程，路线kind words of welcome 友好的欢迎词lasting friendship 长久的友谊long-awaited guest 盼望已久的客人look back at the past回顾过去look into the future 展望未来luncheon 午餐会motorcade 车队nodding acquaintance 泛泛之交occasion 场合；时刻opening address 开幕致辞opening ceremony 开幕式pay a return visit 回拜picnic party 野餐会propose a toast 祝酒receive; play host to 接待receptionist 接待员reception 招待会regard 尊重；敬意regards 问候renew old friendships(and establish new contacts) 重温旧情（结交新友）seating arrangement 席位安排signing ceremony 签约式sincere gratitude 真挚的感谢speech of welcome; address of welcome 欢迎词state banquet 国宴sworn friend 刎颈之交take this opportunity 趁此机会toaster 祝酒者toast 祝酒词unequalled 无与伦比的unprecedented 前所未有的warm reception 热情接待warm welcome 热情欢迎wedding reception 喜宴welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会welcoming ceremony 欢迎仪式a resolution 决议abundant accomplishment 丰硕的成果accord with; agree with; conform to; meet 符合acknowledge 承认assert 宣称；维护attempt 尝试beckon 召唤boost 促进，刺激，增进bilateral 双边的bilateral channels 双边渠道bilateral cooperation 双边合作bilateral diplomatic activities 双边外交bilateral relations 双边关系bully 欺侮；以强凌弱cast off 丢弃，摆脱cause 原因，理想，事业，目标channel 渠道channels of dialog 对话渠道chaos 混乱clash 冲突coercion 强迫，高压政治collapse 溃败；崩溃commitment 承诺，义务common aspiration 共同希望common causes 共同目标；共同理想common desire 共同愿望common development 共同发展common interest 共同利益common prosperity 共同繁荣communiqué联合公报community of nations 国际社会compassion 同情，怜悯consolidate 巩固constrain 约束；强迫containment 遏制，遏制政策contradictory ; self-contradictory 矛盾convention 大会；条约；协定；惯例convergence 集中counterpart 相应的、对等的人或物counterproductive 起反作用的；反效果的courtesy 礼貌crises 危机；危险期dawning 黎明；开端decline 下降；衰落defy 挑战；公然挑衅delay 耽搁；拖延decency 合宜，得体delightful 令人愉快的deteriorate 使恶化；变糟deterioration 衰败disparity 不等；不同dispute 争端diverse 多变的diversity 多样化；气象万千dominate 压倒；统治；占优势emancipate 释放；解放embody 体现embrace 拥抱；信奉encroach on 侵犯，蚕食encroachment 侵犯endeavor 努力enduring 持久的；不朽的enrich 充实equitable 公平的；公正的era 纪元erupt 突然爆发escalation 升级exacerbate 恶化，使......加剧flaunt 炫耀；标榜fluctuation 波动；起伏不定foil 阻扰；挫败formulation 明确表达；简洁陈述foundation 基础；基金会guarantee 保证guidance 指导gunboat policy （尖船利炮）强权政策hamper 妨碍harness 管理，支配，控制hereby 在此hostility 敌意；敌对状态ideal arena 理想的场所，舞台impair 损害impetus 动力implement 贯彻in a friendly manner 以友好的方式in a wide range of areas （就）广泛领域incapacitate 使不能胜任incentive 动机；动力in-depth 彻底的；深入的integral 整体的international community 国际社会intervention 干涉interventionist 主张干涉他国内政者;干涉主义intimidate 恐吓，威逼intricacy 错综复杂irresistible 不可抗拒的jeopardize 危及joint communiqué联合公报joint declaration 联合声明joint efforts 协力juncture 时刻，关头；接合点jurisdiction 权限；管辖权；管辖区域justice 正义legitimate 合法的maintain 维持；坚持认为make great contribution to 对...有重大贡献malignant 恶性的；致命的manifold 多方面的meddle 干涉memorable 令人难忘的mentality 心理，思维状态might 势力，兵力mighty 强大的mimic 模仿mistrust 不信任；疑心multilateral 多边的mutual benefit 互利互惠mutual complementarities 互补mutual confidence 互相信任mutual consultation 共同协商mutual courtesy 礼尚往来mutual promotion 互相促进mutual respect 互相尊重mutual supervision 互相监督mutual trust 互相信任mutual understanding 互相理解negotiation 谈判；协商objective 目标；目的obstacle 干扰；障碍obstruct 阻碍origin 起源；渊源overshadow 弱化；使……黯然失色paralysis 瘫痪，麻痹partnership 合作；合伙关系peace-loving 爱好和平的perish 毁灭；死亡permeate 浸透phenomenal 非凡的；杰出的pioneering 开拓性的pool (efforts) 协力potential 潜力；潜在的prejudice 偏见；损害prerequisite 先决条件；首要的，必要的prescribe 指示；规定prevailing 占优势的；盛行的prior to 在……之前profound 深刻的，意义深远的proliferation 扩散promising 有前途的，有希望的promote/facilitate/enhance/strengthen/advance 加强；促进prudence 审慎；慎重pursue 追求recognition 承认，认可reflect 反映refrain 节制；制止regime 政权，体制resentment 不满、怨恨resolutely 决心；决议respectable 可敬的respective 分别的，各自的restructure 重组；体制改革reunification 统一rhetoric 修辞；空话rival 竞争对手rivalry 竞争；敌对状态safeguard 捍卫sanction 体裁score 取得（成果、成果……）setback 挫折；退步signify 表征，意味着solidarity 团结sound 健全的source 来源sponsor 赞助;主办stability 稳定status quo 现状steadfastly 踏实地；坚定地straightforward 坦率的，直截了当的strengthen the bond 加强联系；加固纽带subordinate 次要、下属、从属的subsequent 后来的，接着发生的，连续的summit 峰会；首脑会议symbol/symbolize 象征thereby 从而threat 威胁，恐吓trailblazer 开拓者trailblazing 开拓性trample 践踏tranquil 安静、宁静的transcend 凌驾；超越trans-century 跨世纪transition 转变；过渡turmoil 动乱；冲突tackle 处理；对付take shape 成形tense 紧张的undermine 破坏undesirable 不受欢迎的union 联盟；工会unswervingly 坚定不移地vigorous 强健的；精力充沛的volatile 不稳定的；多变的going global “走出去”（战略）security; safety 安全hegemony 霸权closed-door past 闭关锁国的过去closed-door policy 闭关政策criteria 标准extensive and profound 博大深远non-confrontation 不对抗irrationality 不合理non-alignment 不结盟insurmountable difficulty 不可克服的困难inequality 不平等unremitting efforts 不懈的努力undertake concrete step 采取具体步骤gap 距离attempt 尝试dynamism 充满活力lofty cause 崇高的事业grand ideal 崇高理想address differences 处理分歧shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交break down barriers 打破障碍unilateral 单边的unilateralism 单边主义Deng Xiaoping’s diplomatic thoughts 邓小平外交思想underestimate; underestimation 低估regional conflicts 地方矛盾regional disparity 地区差异regional turmoil (conflicts) 地区动乱（冲突）independent foreign policy of peace 独立自主的和平外交政策principles of independence 独立自主原则holiday-making diplomacy 度假外交opponent; rival 对手external work 对外工作multilateral diplomatic activities 多变外交multilateralism 多变政策global village 地球村multi-polarization 多极化multipolar times 多极时代multipolar world 多极世界multi-polarity 多极性prosperity 繁荣flourish 繁荣昌盛imitation 仿效division of responsibilities 分工splittist activities 分裂活动issues of difference 分歧veto right 否决权a complex and volatile international situation 复杂多变的国际形势complication 复杂化complexity 复杂性ameliorate 改善，改进high-level and all-directional dialogue 高层次、全方位的对话summit(forum) 高峰论坛senior officials 高级官员estrangement 隔阂well-being of all nations 各国人民的福祉proclamation 公告fairness 公平justice 公正，正义consensus 共识all-win 共赢the transitional period 过渡期head of state 国家元首state-to-state 国与国go overboard 过分the legitimate rights and interests 合法权益cooperative relationship 合作关系harmonious relationship 和睦关系peace 和平peaceful means 和平方式peaceful coexistence 和平共处peace diplomacy 和平外交consequence 后果；结果noninterference in each other’s internal affairs 互不干涉内部事务non-communication 互不往来reciprocal contract 互惠合同partners of mutual benefit and cooperation 互利合作的伙伴suspicion 怀疑Pacific rim countries 环太平洋国家buffer (conflicts) 缓解（冲突）resume the exercise of sovereignty (over…) 恢复行使主权in retrospect 回顾过去mechanism 机制active defense 积极防御positive impact 积极影响cornerstone 基石great expectation 极大的希望aggregation 集合；凝聚shoulder 肩负arduous task 艰巨任务a constructive strategic partnership 建设性的战略伙伴关系exchange notes 交换意见exchange views 交换观点establish new contacts 结交新友emulate 竭力仿效resolve differences 解决分歧progress; advancement 进步world-renowned 举世闻名military intelligence (secrets) 军事机密test 考验affirm old tradition 肯定传统framework 框架expand the common ground 扩大共识hard-won 来之不易optimism 乐观精神reciprocity in courtesy; reciprocal (mutual) courtesy 礼尚往来decencies 礼仪；行为准则good faith 良好诚意a favorable climate in areas around China 良好周边环境conscience 良知cross-strait relations 两岸关系territorial integrity 领土完整border or territorial disputes 领土争端fulfill international obligations 履行国际义务ally; allies 盟国people-to-people diplomacy 民间外交mode 模式friction 摩擦good-neighborliness 睦邻友好good-neighbor relationship 睦邻友好关系remove interferences and obstacles 排除干扰与障碍exclusive group 排他性集团exclusivism 排外主义ratify 批准equality and mutual benefit 平等互利principle of equality and mutual benefit 平等互利原则equal partnership 平等伙伴关系equal consultation 平等协商concerted effort 齐心协力discrimination 歧视make positive contribution to 起积极作用millennium 千年prospect; future 前景condemn 谴责power diplomacy 强权外交power politics 强权政策enforcement 强制执行violate; encroach on; be an encroachment on 侵犯seek common ground while reserving/shelving/putting aside differences 求同存异twists and turns 曲折yield to 屈服trend 趋势all-round cooperation 全方位合作all-round; all-around 全面的；全方位的comprehensive engagement 全面接触all-round improvement 全面提高globalization 全球化the world at large; the world over 全世界rights and interests 权利和义务(make) concessions 让步humanitarian 人道主义者fusion 融合trilateral 三边的convey profound condolences to 深切哀悼size up the situation 审时度势mission 使命undertaking; cause 事业momentum 势头build shared optimism 树立共有的乐观精神bilateral 双边的bilateral relations 双边关系bilateral cooperation 双边合作bilateral channels 双边渠道bilateral diplomatic activities 双边外交win-win situation 双赢局面smooth transition of power 权利顺利平稳过渡candid and in-depth 坦诚深入的treaty 条约halt 停滞不前equal dignity 同等尊严break-through 突破unity 团结external blockade 外部封锁diplomacy 外交diplomatic practice 外交惯例diplomatic immunity 外交豁免权diplomatic barometer 外交晴雨表diplomatic envoy 外交使节diplomatic truce 外交休兵downright distrust 完全不信任complete equality 完全平等stubborn ills 顽疾seek a common good 为大众谋利maintain the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong 维护香港的繁荣与稳定justice-upholding 维护正义的diplomatic practice 外交惯例cultural exchange 文化交流cultural ambassador 文化使节cradle of civilization 文化摇篮inexorable facts 无情的事实disorder 无秩序状态current state 现状elaborate on 详细谈论harmonize 协调agreement 协定alliance 结盟protocol 协议coordination 协作hand-in hand 携手a new world pattern 新的世界形态neo-colonialism 新殖民主义assert 宣称；维护declaration 宣告，声明the Asia-Pacific region 亚太地区severe test 严峻的考验message of condolences 唁电consistent policy 一贯的政策take history as guidance and look into the future 以史为鉴，面向未来ideology 意识形态never yielding 永不屈服increase; strengthen; promote; expand; boost 增进enhance mutual understanding 增进了解strategic relationship 战略关系strategic partnership of coordination 战略协作伙伴关系normalization 正常化correct foreign policy 正确的对外方针an official visit 正式访问transfer of government 政权交接political dialogs 政治对话political and moral support 政治和道义上的支持medium and long term cooperation 中长期的合作the Sino-Japanese Treaty for Peace and Friendship 中日和平友好条约apartheid; racial segregation 种族隔离racial tensions 种族矛盾racial discrimination 种族歧视approach (a problem) 着手处理reevaluation 重新评估sovereign states 主权国家garrison 驻军self-determination 自觉自主self-reclusive 自我封闭least-developed countries (LDCs) 最不发达国家the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 和平共处五项基本原则equality and mutual benefit 平等互利mutual respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity 互相尊重和主权领土完整non-aggression 互不侵犯non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries 互不干涉内政peaceful coexistence 和平共处Abstract Expressionism 抽象表现主义Art Deco 装饰派艺术Art Nouveau 新艺术主义Ashcan School 垃圾箱画派Assemblage (Collage) 装配艺术品Barbizon School (Landscape Painting) 巴比松画派Baroque 巴罗克艺术风格Classicism 古典风格Constructivism 构成派Cubism 立体派Dada达达主义运动Expressionism 表现主义Fauvism 野兽派Futurism 未来主义Genre 风俗画Impressionism 印象主义Mannerism 风格主义Neoclassicism 新古典主义Neoimpressionism 新印象主义，点描派Op Art 光效应绘画艺术，欧普艺术Pop Art 波普艺术Realism 现实主义画派Rococo 洛可可风格Surrealism 超现实主义Symbolism 象征主义bas-relief (=bass-relief) 浮雕，浅浮雕cameo 刻有浮雕的宝石或贝壳caricature 漫画cartoon （报刊上的）政治性漫画，讽刺画，卡通画，漫画chiaroscuro 光影、明暗对比法colors, complementary 补色；对比色。
做英文presentation的常用语资料
Chapter I Beginning the Speech T extI. Opening Remarks开场：Sample Opening Remarks1) Thank you very much, Prof. Fawcett, for your very kind introduction. Mr. Chairman, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning! I consider it a great honor to be asked to speak about …on this session of our symposium.Honor: 荣誉，敬意Symposium:专题讨论会，座谈会Session: 会议，会期，一段时间2) Ladies and gentleman. It It’’s an honor to have the opportunity to address such a distinguished audience.Address:演讲，演说Distinguished: 卓越的，著名的3) Good morning. Let me start by saying just a few words about my own background.4) Mr. Chairman, thank you very much for your kind introduction. President, Distinguished colleagues, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning! Is my voice loud enough?5) Good morning, everyone. I appreciate the opportunity to be with you today. I am here to talk to you about……you aboutAppreciate:感激，欣赏6) Good morning, everyone. I am very happy to have this chance to give my presentation. Before I start my speech, let me ask you a question. By a show of hands, how many of you own a car?A show of hands:举手表决Expressing thanks to the Chairperson 向主持人致谢Mr. Chairman, thank you for your introduction.First, I would like to thank Mr. Chairman for his gracious introduction.Gracious:亲切的，有礼貌的Thank you very much, Prof. Fawcett, for your very kind introduction.I would like to thank Dr. Huang （主持人或推荐你来发言的上司）for permitting me the privilege to speak to this audience.Permit：允许，许可Privilege：特权Forms of Address and Greetings对听众的称呼Distinguished colleagues, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning!Members of the conference!Expressing Pleasure and Honor 向听众致意I am very happy/glad/pleased to be here in Hong Kong.I am honored/privileged to be here (with you this afternoon).I am proud to be here on this special occasion.Occasion：场合，机会It It’’s a very great pleasure for me to be able to attend this conference.I consider it a great honor to be asked to speak about …on this session of our symposium/ at this conference..It is a great pleasure to be given the honor of first speaker on this important topic.Others 细节，如确认话筒音量Can you hear me all right?Is my voice too loud?Reference to the Audience 与听众呼应I can see many of you are from ……department.I can see many of you are fromI know many of you are familiar with this topic.ou all look as though you’’ve heard this before.Y ou all look as though youI understand that you’’ve all traveled a long way./ After hours of conference, you must feel a little I understand that youtired. Now I’’d like you to see an interesting topic…tired. Now III. Introducing the Subject and the outline of the Presentation引入话题Background InformationI would like to start by briefly reviewing the history of …Let us start with the theoretical basis of this new technique.Theoretical:理论的，假设的To begin with, we have to consider the principle.Principle:原则，准则I think it would be best to start out by looking at a few slides.Start out:开始Slide:幻灯片I should like to preface my remarks with a description of the basic idea.Preface:作为……的开端，引语May I begin with a general outline of this project?First, I shall explain to you why this new program is correct and feasible.Feasible:可行的T opicI would like to concentrate on the problem of …….I shall devote my talk to the …….Devote……to:把……专用于，致力于I want to confine my talk to the latest developments in …….Confine to:限于……之内Today, I am going to give a talk on …….My topic today will deal with …….In my presentation this morning, I' 11 limit myself to three major points only.Now, I would like to address myself to the most important aspect of this problem..Outlining 大纲My talk today consists of two parts. One is... and the other is...Consist of:由……组成I've divided my presentation into four parts.Divide into:分成I shall first talk about ... and then touch on... and finally discuss ... Touch on:涉及，与……有关I would like to divide my talk into two parts. The first part deals with…, the second part concerns ...Concern ：涉及My presentation will be given in four parts. The first part deals with ... The second part relates to... The third part concerns ... And the last part discusses …Purpose/Objective 目的The purpose of this presentation is to...Th This talk is designed to…is talk is designed to…Be designed to: 旨在……旨在……Comprehensive Samples 例子Sample 1Thank you, Mr. Chairperson, Mr. Director-General, distinguished members of the ILO's Governing Body and friends. I welcome this opportunity to be here today, with an Organization which in many ways belongs to all of us workers. I can think of, in fact, no other international body that one can claim as one's own so unambiguously.I have also had a longstanding formal association with the ILO. Many of my early pieces on women and technological change and on land rights were published by the ILO, as well as was the work of many other scholars. It is therefore a pleasure for me to be here on this important Symposium.The canvas of the Symposium is very large. I will focus on two aspects of gender inequality that centrally effect millions of women as workers but perhaps have failed to receive the attention they deserve. First, the gender gap in command over property and Productive assets and, second, gender biased social perceptions and social norms.Expressions on Other Occasions 其他情况Correcting the Title of the Presentation 修改演讲标题First of all, I would like to mention that the title of my presentation should be ... Please allow me to correct a mistake in the title of my speech which appeared in the program. Instead of... it should read...Reading. Another Person's Paper 宣读别人的报告Sometimes you are selected to read another person's paper, as he or she is absent.I shall read a paper by Dr. Li from Guangzhou, china, who regrets that he c ould not be here. The title of his paper is...I'm going to read the paper by Dr. Wang. It's a great pity that, because of a health problem, he could not be here.I was asked by the author to read his paper. He apologizes for not being able to come here.The next speaker, Prof. Zhang, regrets that she could not be here and has submitted her paper to me. I am not sure if I can present it as well as she expected. I am not sure whether I' 11 be able to be very confident in answering specific questions. However, I am somewhat familiar with his work, so I' 11 try my best.Checking the MicrophoneFirst I want to check if all of you can hear me clearly.Am I speaking clearly and loudly enough for those in the rear of the room?Rear:后面If those in the rear of the room can hear me, would someone please raise his hand?Can you hear me clearly?Can you hear me if I am away from the microphone?Is the microphone working?Chapter II Developing the Speech TextI. Announcing the Beginning of the Speech TextextI. Announcing the Beginning of the Speech TTo begin with, I would like to talk about a principle.I think it would be best to start out by looking at some pictures.The first thing I would like to talk about is the definition of the terms which I’11 use in my presentation.II. Shifting to the Next Main PointWell, let's move on to the next point.We will now come to the second problem.Turning to the next question, I' 11 talk about the stages of the procedure.As the second topic, I shall stop here. Now let' s turn our attention to the third topic.Now, let's move away from the first part and switch over to the next part of my presentation. Switch over:转换，变换That's all for the introduction and now we can go on to the literature review.Next, I would like to turn to a more difficult problem.The next point I'd like to talk about is the feasibility of this project.That brings me to my second point.III. Resuming the T opicLet' s come back to what I said in the first part of my speech.I want to return to the first part of my presentation.This brings me back to the question of security.At this point I would like to refer again to the question of methods in the first part of my lecture. Refer to:查阅，有关Referring again to the first question, I think...I'll deal with it later.I'll touch upon that point in a moment.IV. Introducing the Supporting MaterialsI think this part is the most difficult, so I'll explain it in greater detail.I think this part of my paper is most important, so I plan to spend more time on it.Please allow me to deal with this matter more extensively.Being the most important part of my presentation, I will elaborate on it with more slides. Elaborate:详尽阐述Indicating the Points BrieflyLimited by the time available, I can only give you a very brief account of this matter.Account:解释，说明This point has been talked about repeatedly in this symposium, so I am not going to spend too much time on it.Let's go through the following points very rapidly.I shall not go over all these explanations. My time is running short. So I'’11 be brief.V. Repairing a Slip of T one 口误May I have the lights, I mean the slides.The temperature increased, I shall say decreased.The population is 13 million, sorry, 31 million.The exchange rate dropped from 2.5 to 1.8, I beg your pardon, 1.9.VI. Expressions Concerning Audio-Visual Aids 有关视听设备的表达Could we have the lights off? And the first slide, please.Lights off, first slide, please.Dim the lights, and first slide, please.The slide is not so clear. Please darken the room a little more.Could you please turn on the lights, please?Now, we can have the lights on.Please switch on the lights.Lights on, please.VI. Explaining the Contents on the SlidesThis slide demonstrates ...Demonstrate:展示，演示On this slide, you can see...This curve in this slide shows...This figure in this slide exhibits...This table on this slide presents...This diagram on this slide depicts...The picture on this slide shows ...The photomicrograph on this slide shows ...The flow-chart on this slide points out...The circuit diagram on this slide represents~...~VII. Demanding to Show the Next SlideMay I proceed to the next slide, please?I think we can move on to the next slide.Let me show you the next slide.Now, we can go on to the next slide. Next slide, please.Next, please. VIII. Returning to the Previous SlideTo make a comparison, can we return to the first slide, please?Let's go back. No, not this one. One back. Back one more. Y Let's go back. No, not this one. One back. Back one more. Yes, that’es, that’es, that’s it. Thank you. s it. Thank you.May I go back two slides, please?Could you return to the second slide?May we have the previous slide again?IX. Correcting a MistakeSorry, this one is in the wrong order. May I have the next one?Oh, this slide is misplaced. Please skip over it. Y Oh, this slide is misplaced. Please skip over it. Yes, this is the correct one. es, this is the correct one.Skip over ：跳过I'm afraid I didn't ask for this slide. Can we go back to the previous one? Please.No, not this one. Next, please. Y No, not this one. Next, please. Yes, this is the one I need. Thank you. es, this is the one I need. Thank you.Sorry, there seems to be one slide missing.X. Indicating the Speed of Running SlidesLet's go through the following slides rapidly.The following three slides we will go through quickly without explanation.Wait a minute, please. I want to say more about this slide.Because of the shortage of time, I' ll have to omit the following slides. Omit:省略Time is up, let's come to the last slide directly.Chapter III Ending the Speech T Chapter III Ending the Speech Textext I. Signaling the Beginning of the End PartLet Let’’s look at what I have talked about.Well, that brings me to the end of my presentation. This last slide is a brief summary of what I have talked about.Before I stop/finish, let me just say... To close my speech, I' 11 show you the last slide.Now I'd like to summarize my talk.Summarize:总结To summarize, I have talked about three aspects of the cancer problem: ...Aspect:方面Finally, as a summary statement, I would like to sum up the major points I have made.Sum up:总结II. SummarizingLet me just run over the key points again.Run over:造访，回顾造访，回顾I'll briefly summarize the main issues.In conclusion\In closing\In a word\To sum up\In brief\Briefly\All in all\Finally,…III. ConcludingAs you can see, there are some very good reasons ...To sum up, my conclusion is that the present program is the best one.In conclusion ...Let me conclude my talk with the following comments. In conclusion, I would like to point out the following aspects.I'd like to leave you with the following conclusion.IV . QuotingLet me close by quoting Dr. Einstein, the famous physicist, who said that…I would like to come to a close by quoting what Sir Newton once said...Therefore, I would suggest that we...I'd like to suggest...As far as I'm concerned, the only solution to the problem is...V . ClosingThat's all, thank Y That's all, thank You. ou.That's the end of my presentation.So much for my speech, thank you.Thank you for your attention.Thank you for your listening.VI. Samples 'Finally, we can draw the conclusion: edge detection and denoising are two important branches of image processing. If we combine edge detection with denoising, we can overcome the shortcomings of the commonly-used denolsing methods and without blurring the edge notably.Furthermore, there are many denoising and edge detection methods now. Different methods are suitable for different types of images and noise models. We can do further research on how to combine these various denoising and edge detection methods according to the content of the images and nature of noise.That's all for my talk. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask me. I'm quite willing to discuss them with you at any time, Thank you.Chapter IV Asking and Answering QuestionsI. Inviting QuestionsSo, let's throw it open to questions.Now I' d like to answer any questions, if you have any.Now I am ready to answer your questions, if any.I'd be glad to try and answer any questions.Are there any questions?Any questions?II. Raising QuestionsSignaling Y Signaling Your Intention to Ask a Questionour Intention to Ask a Question Signal: 向……发信号I want to ask Dr. bi a question.I have a guest ion for Dr. Anderson.Mr. Smith, I have a question to ask you.There is a question I'd like to ask Prof. Li.A question for Mr. Liu. One question, Dr. Wei.Could I ask you a question, Prof. Li?Expressing Y Expressing Your Attitudeour Attitude （Before asking your question, you can express your positive attitude or make a comment on the speaker's presentation. For example,）Dr. Johnson, I was fascinated by your description of your study Dr. Johnson, I was fascinated by your description of your study, but what will happen if... , but what will happen if... Fascinate:使着迷Mr. Li, you did splendid work! Just one question.Splendid: 极好的，令人满意的（Then Asking the Specific Question ）Y ou mentioned very briefly that you used two experiments that were the same.Would you please elaborate on that point?Would you be so kind as to give me more information about the method of your experiment?Would you tell me the reason why ……?Comprehensive SamplesCongratulations, Dr. Li. I can't help but admire your achievement. But I want to know what's your attitude toward abuse of antibiotics?May I ask you a question? How does subjective evaluation differ from objective evaluation?First, I'd like to say your research is very interesting. May I ask two questions? Do you see any relation between cigarette smoking and peptic ulcers? And what advantage do you expect by using this approach?III. Response to QuestionsAsking for RepetitionPardon, I couldn't hear what you said.I beg your pardon, I didn't catch what you said.I'm sorry I forgot your first question. Would you be so kind as to say it again?I'm not quite sure what your question is.I didn't quite get the last point of your question.Y ou mean, there may be some mistake in the calculation?Are you referring to the significance of the difference?Are you suggesting that the temperature might have affected the results?If I understand you correctly, you are saying/asking...I didn't quite catch that.Could you go over that again?I'm not sure what you're getting at.Welcoming the QuestionWelcome the question by saying "thank you" or comment ing on it saying "That’s a good question"ing on it saying "That’s a good question" or "That's a challenging question."This is a very good question.Thank you for that question.I'm glad this question has been brought up-I appreciate that question.This is a hard question.This is an interesting question.This is a big question.I'd be delighted to answer your question.I'll try to answer this question very briefly.In answer to your question, I would say that...I can only provide a partial answer to that question.Let me try to answer your questions one by one.My answer to your first question is...May I answer your second question first?Thank you for that question. This is a challenging question and I'm afraid I can only provide a partial answer to it. Anyway, I'll try my best to answer it.Responding to Difficult or Challenging QuestionQuestion: So what happens if the new budget isn't approved?Answer (1): We've spent two months preparing the new budget. It's a good budget and we're confident we'll get approval to put it into practice.Answer (2): There is too much supposition in the question for me to give a sound answer. Responding to Improper QuestionI appreciate your interest in my research, but I just don't want to talk about it now. Let's talk about something else.I'd rather not say.Why do you want to know?ou Do Not KnowResponding to the Questions You Do Not KnowResponding to the Questions YIf you don't know the answer to a particular question, simply admit that you don't know. Say something like this:"I'm sorry. I don't happen to know the answer to that question, but I'll be happy to check into it for you."Here are some further examples:I don't think I can answer your question.I wish I could answer your question, but unfortunately I have no good answer.I'm not sure that I can answer your question. What I'm going to say is not quite an answer to your question.Another technique to cope with the situation is to direct the attention to another expert who may know it or you can use the audience. Ask if anyone could help the questioner and hence it won't be necessary for you to admit that you do not know the answer. See examples below.I think that question could be better answered by Dr. Liu than by me.I think perhaps Dr. Chen would be better able to answer this question.Prof. Li would be a better person to answer your question since he has done a lot of work in this field.Dr. Sawyer is perhaps in a better position to tell us something about it.Perhaps my colleague Dr. Emery here has some better ideas.。
2 Foreign Affairs Reception
• 谢谢您专程赶来接待我！
• Thank you very much for coming all the way to meet me in person.
• 我很高兴见到您！
• I’m so pleased to have met you. /It’s been my pleasure meeting you.
III. Airport pickup
Useful expressions • 抵达时间 arrival time • 往返票 round-trip ticket • 免税店 duty-free shop • 机场班车 airport shuttle bus • 随身携带行李 carry-on baggage • 出租车候车处 taxi stand/rank • 海关 the Customs • 报关 making a customs declaration • 应缴纳关税物品 dutiable goods
A: How many nights will you be staying? B: A week. A: Ok. I just need your name and credit No. to hold the room. B: Well. This is Zhaobo from…Inter-national Corporation. And the account at the Bank of China of our company is …
Setting: Room reservation
Where? /when?/ What? How many?/ What kind? How long?
II. Hotel reservation
Exercise 1 : A: Hello, Peace Hotel. B: Hello. Do you have any room available tomorrow night? A: Sure. How many rooms do you need? B: Two adjoining rooms. A: What kind of room? B: Business room would be fine. A: Smoking or non-smoking? B: Non-smoking.
外交常用英语词汇
外交常用英语词汇：Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Protocol Department 礼宾司Information Department 新闻司diplomatic mission 外交代表机构emba ssy 大使馆legation 公使馆consulate-general 总领事馆consulate 领事馆office of the chargé d''affaires, 代办处military attaché‘'s office, 武官处commercial counsellor''s office 商务处press section, in formation service 新闻处liaison office 联络处diplomat 外交家，外交官diplomatic rank 外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff 行政技术人员a mba ssador 大使a mba ssador extraordinary and plenipotentiary 特命全权大使nuncio 教廷大使internuncio 教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister, minister-counsellor 公使衔参赞chargé d''affaires, 代办chargé d''affasiread interim, 临时代办counsellor 参赞first secretary 一等秘书second secretary 二等秘书third secretary 三等秘书attaché，随员commercial secretary 商务参赞cultural secretary 文化参赞commercial attaché，商务专员cultural attaché，文化专员military attaché，武官naval attaché，海军武官air attaché，空军武官consul-general 总领事consul 领事doyen of the diplomatic corps, dean of the diplomatic corps 外交使团团长roving ambassador 巡回大使ambassador-at-large 无任所大使special envoy 特使accredited to … 向…派遣的英语词汇英汉对照→外交→外交机构Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部Protocol Department礼宾司Information Department新闻司diplomatic mission外交代表机构embassy大使馆legation公使馆consulate-general总领事馆consulate领事馆office of the chargé d'affaires代办处military attaché's office武官处commercial counsellor's office商务处press section, in formation service新闻处liaison office联络处英语词汇英汉对照-外交事务0本文作者:beidanci 发布于:2010-1-23 分类:行业英语词汇点击:foreign affairs外交memorandum, aidememoire备忘录persona non-grat不受欢迎的人de jure recognition法律承认commnique公报announcement公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials国书mutual recognition互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations建立外交关系letter of introduction介绍书during one's absence离任期间identification card身份证statement声明de facto recognition事实上承认persona grata受欢迎的人diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of appointment委任书certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书declaration, manifesto宣扬letter of recall召回公文note照会verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会formal note正式照会normalization正常化be appointed ambassador to ...被任命为驻…大使to express regret表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, to return to one's post返任to proceed to take up one's post赴任to present one's credentials递交国书to exchange ambassadors互派大使to resume diplomatic relations恢复外交关系to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level建立大使级外交关系to establish consular relations建立领事关系to assume one's post就任to take exception to; to object to提出异议to upgrade diplomatic relations外交关系升格to make representations to, to take up a (the) matter with向…交涉to lodge a protest with向…提出抗议to request the consent of...征求…的同意to suspend diplomatic relations中断外交关系本文出自: 我爱背单词, 原文地址：/post/article_6521.html外交机构及官员职位英汉对照时间:2009-02-13 10:48来源:口译网作者:口译网点击:5077次Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Protocol Department 礼宾司Information Department 新闻司diplomatic mission 外交代表机构embassy 大使馆legation 公使馆consulate-general 总领事馆consulate 领事馆office of the chargeéd'affaires, 代办处military attaché's office, 武官处commercial counsellor's office 商务处press section, in formation service 新闻处liaison office 联络处diplomat 外交家, 外交官diplomatic rank 外交官衔diplomatic representative 外交代表members of the administrative and technical staff 行政技术人员ambassador 大使ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary 特命全权大使nuncio 教廷大使internuncio 教廷公使counsellor withthe rank of minister, minister-counsellor 公使衔参赞chargéd'affaires, 代办chargéd'affasiread interim, 临时代办counsellor 参赞first secretary 一等秘书second secretary 二等秘书third secretary 三等秘书attaché, 随员commercial secretary 商务参赞cultural secretary 文化参赞commercial attaché, 商务专员cultural attaché, 文化专员military attaché, 武官naval attaché, 海军武官air attaché, 空军武官consul-general 总领事consul 领事doyen of the diplomatic corps, dean of the diplomatic corps 外交使团团长roving ambassador 巡回大使ambassador-at-large 无任所大使special envoy 特使accredited to ... 向…派遣的foreign affairs 外交memorandum, aidememoire 备忘录persona non-grat 不受欢迎的人de jure recognition 法律承认commnique 公报announcement 公告, 通告letter of credence, credentials 国书mutual recognition 互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations 建立外交关系letter of introduction 介绍书during one's absence 离任期间identification card 身份证statement 声明de facto recognition 事实上承认persona grata 受欢迎的人diplomatic practice 外交惯例diplomatic immunities 外交豁免diplomatic privileges 外交特权diplomatic channels 外交途径diplomatic courier 外交信使diplomatic bag, diplomatic pouch 外交邮袋letter of appointment 委任书certificate of appointment 委任证书exequatur 许可证书declaration, manifesto 宣扬letter of recall 召回公文note 照会verbal note 普通照会circular note 通知照会formal note 正式照会normalization 正常化be appointed ambassador to ... 被任命为驻…大使to express regret 表示遗憾to sever diplomatic relations 断绝外交关系to resume charge of the office, to return to one's post 返任to proceed to take up one's post 赴任to present one's credentials 递交国书to exchange ambassadors 互派大使to resume diplomatic relations 恢复外交关系to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level 建立大使级外交关系to establish consular relations 建立领事关系to assume one's post 就任to take exception to; to object to 提出异议to upgrade diplomatic relations 外交关系升格to make representations to, to take up a (the) matter with 向…交涉to lodge a protest with 向…提出抗议to request the consent of... 征求…的同意to suspend diplomatic relations 中断外交关系tea party 茶会an atmosphere of cordiality and friendship 诚挚友好的气氛reciprocal banquet 答谢宴会delegation 代表团head of the delegation, leader of the delegation 团长deputy head of the delegation, deputy leader of the delegation 副团长member of the delegation 代表团成员memorial speech 悼词to develop the relations offriendship and cooperation 发展友好合作关系prosperity and strength 繁荣富强visit 访问friendly visit, goodwill visit 友好访问informal visit 非正式访问official visit 正式访问private visit 私人访问state visit 国事访问obituary 讣告questions of common interest;question of common concern 共同关心的问题state banquet 国宴message of greeting, message of congratulation 贺电speech of welcome 欢迎词welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会cocktail party 鸡尾酒会good health and a long life 健康长寿profound condolence 深切哀悼cordial hospitality 盛情接待the two sides, the two parties 双方luncheon 午宴message of condolence 唁电reception 招待会toast 祝酒词memorial meeting 追悼会to convey one's sympathy 表示慰问to meet with 会见to review the guard of honour 检阅仪仗队to exchange views 交换意见to receive 接见to be shocked to learn of 惊悉be of the opinion, to hold, to consider, to maintain 认为to propose a toast to... 提议为…干杯on the happy occasion of 欣逢on learning with great joy 欣悉to give a banquet in honour of... 宴请…on invitation, upon invitation 应邀at the invitation of... 应…邀请in the company of..., accompanied by... 在…陪同下to express one's sincere congratulations and best wishes 致以衷心的祝贺和最好的愿望to wish prosperity to a country and well-being to its people 祝（某国）国家繁荣人民幸福to take note of... 注意到fHis (Her, Your) Majesty 陛下His (Her, Your) Royal Highness 殿下His (Her, Your) Excellency 阁下His excellency Mr. President and Mme... …总统先生阁下和夫人（Mme：Madam的缩写）原文链接：/vocab/455.html外交词汇,英语时政词汇,国际形势和国际关系口译词汇中英文对照关键词：英语时政词汇,外交英语词汇,中英文对照来源：上海外教网| 发布日期：2008-01-11 15:27安全考虑：security consideration傲慢行为：arrogant behavior多极化：multipolarity霸权主义：hegemonism强权政治：power politics国家主权：national sovereignty民族资源：national resource边界谈判：boundary negotiation不结盟国家：non-aligned countries采取惩罚行动：take punitive actions采取高姿态：show magnanimity采取协调行动：take concerted steps常驻代表：permanent representative弹性外交：elastic diplomacy邓小平外交思想：Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts低调：low keyed电话协商：telephone negotiations独联体国家：Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)度假外交：holiday-making diplomacy附庸国：dependency高层次、全方位的对话：high-level and all-directional dialogue公认的国际关系原则：generally-accepted principles of international relations 公使馆：legation公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序：a fair and rational new international political and economic order国际商会：International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)国际雇佣者组织：International Organization of Employers (IOE)国际关系的准则：norms governing international relations国际惯例：international common practice国际货币基金会：International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际金融组织：International Finance Corporation (IFC)国际聚焦：international spotlight国家不分大小，应该一律平等：All countries, big or small, should be equal. 捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严：safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity毫无根据的媒体报导：groundless media reports和平共处五项原则： the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence环太平洋地区：Pacific Rim缓和：detente抗美援朝战争：War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea联络处：liaison office领土管辖权：territorial jurisdiction领土毗连：territorial contiguity流血冲突：bloody conflict民间外交：people-to-people diplomacy南北对话：South-North dialogue以下为常见英语外交词汇以中英文对照的形式列出：南南合作：South-South cooperation贫穷国家：impoverished nation全方位外交：multi-faceted diplomacy伸张正义、主持公道：adhere to principles and uphold justice神圣不可侵犯：sacred and inviolable审时度势：size up the situation推翻一个政权：topple a regime外交承认：diplomatic recognition外交纷争：diplomatic dispute外交攻势：diplomatic offensive外交使团：diplomatic mission外交政策的基石：cornerstone of a country's foreign policy万国公法：law of nations维持外交关系：maintain diplomatic relations维护世界和平：safeguard world peace武装冲突：armed conflict西方国家利益：Western interests中美联合公报：Sino-US joint communique总领事馆：consulate general发展中国家：developing country发达国家：developed country中美外交关系专题词汇归纳(中英文对照)本文来源于:/qwyy/word/201101/7473.html state visit 国事访问Sino-US ties/China-US relations 中美关系bilateral tie 双边关系bilateral cooperation 双边合作direct contact 直接接触joint statement 联合声明in the spirit of the joint statement 本着联合声明的精神China-US joint communique 中美联合公报top leaders 最高领导人national interests 国家利益core interests 核心利益common interests of the two countries 两国共同利益personality of the individual leaders 领导人的个人魅力frequent meetings 频繁会晤"conflict-dominant" relationship “冲突主导”的关系start a new era in US-China relations 开创中美关系的新时代the normalization of US-China relations 中美关系正常化permanent consultative institutions 永久磋商机制constructive strategic partnership 建设性战略伙伴关系overall strategic partnership 全面战略伙伴关系rapprochement 恢复邦交Ping Pong diplomacy 乒乓外交high-level cooperation 高层协作Strategic and Economic Dialogue 战略经济对话establish diplomatic ties 建立邦交highly confidential visit 秘密访问zero-sum game 零和博弈mutual trust 相互信任common prosperity 共同繁荣peaceful coexistence 和平共处the situation on the Korean Peninsula 朝鲜半岛局势resumption of Six-Party Talks 重启六方会谈high-level visit 高层访问maintain a low profile 保持低姿态China will never seek hegemony. 中国永远不会称霸。
商务英语Presentation完整版
What is important when job-sharing?As we all know, job-sharing with less work stress and have more free time. However, what is important when job-sharing? As far as I am concerned, the first thing is to find someone you like as your partner. Only when you find someone you like can you have more passion and strength to work. What’s more，organize and plan how you share the work is also important . You need careful planning to play to each other’s different strengths. You also need to share the work responsibility in equality. Besides, communication is also an important factor to consider when job-sharing .You should try your best to communicate with your partner .As long as you all communicate well, everything will be solved more easily. At last but not least, you must learn to coordinate with the other person.All in all, to find someone you like as your partner，organize and plan the work ，communication and coordinate with the other person are important when job-sharing.What is important when working from home?As we all know, working from home with less work stress and have more time with children. However, what is important when working from home? As far as I am concerned, the first thing is to set up office space in the house. Only by doing this can you have a good environment to work. In a good space to work, you can more relax and efficiently. It's a good idea to set a timetable to plan your working hours and your breaks. So you can have a regular hours to work and relax. What’s more, you also should keep your cellphone is on so that your colleagues and client can reach you as though you are in office. At last but not least, you must learn to refuse some friends' invite when you are working. Such as go shopping and for lunching.All in all, to set up office space, set a timetable keep your cellphone is on and refuse some friends' invite is important when work from home.What is important when setting up your own business?As we all know, if you are a sole trader then you are self-employed and set up on your own. On one hand, you take all the profit, on the other hand, if you go bankrupt, you will lose everything. However, what is important when setting up your own business? As far as I am concerned, the first thing is to add plenty business experience before setting up your own business .When you have plenty of experience ,you can understand many challenges in this and make correct decisions. Besides, a brave heart and positive attitude is also an important factor .Because when setting up your ownbusiness, you will face many kinds of difficulties and challenges. But you must to face them and to overcome them. At last but not least, you should knowing your customers well.You can hand out some questionnaires to find out what the customers want and need.All in all, plenty business experience，a brave heart and positive attitude and knowing your customers well is important when setting up your own business .What is important when your business is a partnership?As everybody knows that partnership means that you are self-employed and start the business with another person .On one hand, you share the pressure, on the other hand, you might disagree on strategy. However, what is important when your business is a partnership? As far as I am concerned, the first thing is to find someone you like as your partner. Only when you find someone you like can you have more passion and strength to work. What’s more，organize and plan how you share the work is also important . You need careful planning to play to each other’s different strengths. You also need to share the work responsibility in equality. Besides, communication is also an important factor to consider when job-sharing .You should try your best to communicate with yourpartner. As long as you all communicate well, everything will be solved more easily. At last but not least, you must learn to coordinate with the other person.All in all, to find someone you like as your partner，organize and plan the business work ，communication and coordinate with the other person are important when your business is a partnership.What is important when placing a newspaper advert?As we all know, newspaper advert is a kind of advert which is convenient and cheap. Every day we can find many kinds of newspaper advert .However, what is important when placing a newspaper advert? As far as I am concerned, the first thing is to make sure your target customers can focus on your advert .So you should choose appropriate type of newspaper to place your advert .Only by doing this can you attract more target customers to read your advert. What’s more, it's a good idea to buy a big page to outstand your advert. Though, it will spend more money. But it will contribute to more people find you advert easily. At last but not least, you should make full preparations when you decide to placing a newspaper advert .You should modify the advert information again and again so that they are totally correct and perfect.All in all, make sure your target customers can focus on your advert, buy a big page to outstand your advert and modify the advert information is important when placing a newspaper advert.What is important when selecting applicants for a job?As we all know, everyday there many employers are selecting applicants for their company .However, what is important when selecting applicants for a job? As far as I am concerned, the first thing is the applicants' personal qualities. Applicants who have good personality can serve the company better. They can obey the rules of company well. What's more, the first impression of the applicants is also significant. Though there is an English saying like this: Don’t judge a person by his appearance. However, the facial and gesture can show the applicants ‘attitude. And we can through their performance at present to know whether they make full preparation. At last but not least, we can ask them whether have previous experience of the job they apply for. Because if they have experience then they can be involved in this job more quickly.All in all, the applicants' personal qualities, the first impression of the applicants and previous experience is important when selecting applicants for a job.What is important when arranging in-house training?As we all know, in-house training is a common way of training.Maybe many people think it's easy to arrange in-house training. In fact, there are many things you must consider when arranging in-house training. As far as I am concerned, The first thing is the training needs of staff. The object of training is the staff. Only when we know and meet their requirements, can we improve their knowledge and skills needed for higher quality performance and more effective work. Otherwise, it will be purposeless and a waste of time.The second thing to remember is the quality and influence of the trainer. To make the training effective, the trainer plays a very important role. A qualified trainer with great influence can make the training more professional, appealing and convincing. Since most staff nowadays are quite busy, they will not attend a training offered by an obscure, inexperienced and non-professional trainer.In addition to that, length of training should be well-planned. It cannot be too long or too short. A lengthy training may be tedious and exhaustive; while too short training may be fruitless.. ..。
银行业务英语词汇
银行业务英语词汇会计账目用语会计报表statement of account往来帐目account current现在往来帐||存款额current accout销货帐account sales共同计算帐项joint account未决帐项outstanding account贷方帐项credit account||creditor account借方帐项debit account||debtor account应付帐||应付未付帐account payable应收帐||应收未收帐account receivable新交易||新帐new account未决帐||老帐old account现金帐cash account流水帐running account呆帐bad account会计项目title of account借贷细帐||交验帐account rendered继续记帐to keep account与... 有交易to have an account with清算||清理债务to make up an account清洁帐目||与... 停止交易to close one's account with结帐to close an account结清差额to balance the account with检查帐目to examine an account转入A的帐户to charge the amount to A's account以计帐方式付款to pay on account代理某人||为某人on one's account||on account of one为自己计算||独立帐目on one's own account支票用语支票薄cheque book支票陈票人cheque drawer持票人cheque holder不记名支票cheque to bearer||bearer cheque记名支票||认人支票cheque to order到期支票antedated cheque未到期支票postdated cheque保付支票certified cheque未获兑现支票，退票returned cheque空白支票blank cheque失效支票，过期支票stale cheque普通支票open cheque支票换现金||兑现to cash a cheque清理票款to clear a cheque保证兑现to certify a cheque支票退票to dishonour a cheque拒付支票to refuse a cheque拒付支票to stop payment of a cheque提示要求付款to present for payment支付指定人payable to order已过期||无效out of date||stale请给出票人R/D||refer to drawer存款不足N/S||N.S.F.||not sufficient funds||I/F||insufficient funds 文字与数字不一致words and figures differ更换处应加盖印章alterations require initials交换时间已过effects not cleared停止付款payment stopped支票毁损cheque mutilated汇款用语汇款||寄钱to remit||to send money寄票供取款||支票支付to send a cheque for payment寄款人a remitter收款人a remittee汇票汇单用语国外汇票foreign Bill国内汇票inland Bill跟单汇票documentary bill空头汇票accommodation bill原始汇票original bill改写||换新票据renewed bill电汇telegraphic transfer (T.T)担保书trust receipt||letter of indemnity承兑||认付acceptance单张承兑general acceptance有条件承兑qualified acceptance附条件认付conditional acceptance部分认付partial acceptance拒付||退票dishonour由于存款不足而退票dihonour by non-payment提交presentation期满||到期maturity托收collection外汇行情exchange quotation现汇汇率spot rate长期汇率long rate私人汇票折扣率rate on a private bill远期汇票兑换率forward rate付款汇率pence rate当日汇率||成交价currency rate套汇||套价||公断交易率arbitrage收到汇款to receive remittance填写收据to make out a receipt付款用语付款方法mode of payment现金付款payment by cash||cash payment||payment by ready cash 以支票支付payment by cheque以汇票支付payment by bill以物品支付payment in kind付清||支付全部货款payment in full||full payment定期付款payment on term年分期付款annual payment预付货||先付payment in advance||prepayment延付货款deferred payment立即付款prompt payment||immediate payment暂付款suspense payment延期付款delay in payment||extension of payment结帐||清算||支付settlement分期付款instalment滞付||拖欠||尾数款未付arrears特许拖延付款日days of grace保证付款del credere付款to pay||to make payment||to make effect payment结帐to settle||to make settlement||to make effect settlement||to square||to balance支出||付款to defray||to disburse结清to clear off||to pya off拖延付款to defer payment||to delay payment付款被拖延to be in arrears with payment还债to discharge迅速付款to pay promptly付款颇为恶劣to pay very badly||to never pay unless forced拒绝付款to refuse payment||to refuse to pay||to dishonour a bill惠请付款kindly pay the amount||please forward payment||please forward a cheque.索取利息to charge interest附上利息to draw interest||to bear interest||to allow interest生息to yield interest生息3% to yield 3%存款to deposit in a bank||to put in a bank||to place on deposit||to make deposit在银行存款to have money in a bank||to have a bank account||to have money on deposit 向银行提款to withdraw one's deposit from a bank换取现金to convert into money||to turn into cash||to realize打折扣购买to buy at a discount打折扣出售to sell at a discount打折扣-让价to reduce||to make a reduction减价to deduct||to make a deduction回扣to rebate现金折扣cash discount货到付款||现金提货cash on deliver (C.O.D.)货到付现款cash on arrival即时付款prompt cash净价||最低价格付现net cash现金付款ready cash即期付款spot cash||cash down||cash on the nail 凭单据付现款cash against documents凭提单付现款cash against bills of lading承兑交单documents against acceptance (D/A) 付款交单documents against payment (D/P)信用证用语追加信用证additional credit||additional L/C信用证金额amount of credit赊帐金额credit balance可撤消信用证revocable L/C不可撤消信用证irrevocable L/C保兑信用证confirmed L/C不保兑信用证unconfirmed L/C可转让信用证assignable L/C||transferable L/C 无条件信用证open credit||free credit普通信用证general letter of credit旅行信用证circular letter of credit特别信用证special letter of credit信用证底帐letter of credit ledger信用证发行帐letter of credit issued account信用证金额amount of creditaccount number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时间银行业务部门名称中英参照Board of Directors 董事会President 行长Executive Office 经理办公室Personnel Dept 人事部General Affairs Dept 总务部Co-ordination & Planning Dept 综合计划部International Dept 国际业务部Overseas Branches Dept 海外部Foreign Exchange Dept 外汇资金部First Credit Dept 信贷一部Second Credit Dept 信贷二部Accounting Dept 财会部International Clearing Dept 国际清算部Banking Dept 营业部Credit Card Dept 信用卡部General Auditing Dept 总稽核室Computer Center 电脑部Training Management Dept 教育部Institute of International Finance 国际金融研究所Trust and Consultation Co 信托咨询公司。
天灾人祸类新闻主题词汇与短语
天灾人祸类新闻主题词汇与短语100个1、自然灾害tragedy n.灾难，悲剧disaster n.灾难disastrous a.灾难性的misfortune n. 不幸death toll 死亡人数casualty n. 伤亡人数mortality n.死亡（率）crisis n. 危机wreck vt. 破坏n. 残骸collapse vi./n. 倒塌；崩溃crash n./v. 碰撞，坠落destructive a. 破坏的，毁灭的storm n.暴风雨，暴风雪hurricane n. 飓风typhoon n.台风tornado n.龙卷风sandstorm n..沙尘暴mudslide n.泥石流uproot v.连根拔起volcano n. 火山erupt vi.爆发eruption n.喷发（物）earthquake n.地震epicenter n.震中magnitude n. 震级aftershock n.余震record rainfall 创纪录的降雨量reduced rainfall 降雨量减少flood v.淹没n.洪水，水灾climate change 气候变化extreme weather 极端天气heat wave 热浪drought n.干旱，旱灾famine n.饥荒2、环境与灾害environment n. 环境，外界resource n.【pl.】资源creature n.生物species n.种，类ecological balance reserve n.自然保护区，储备物v.储备carbon n.碳dioxide n.二氧化物carbon dioxide 二氧化碳ozone n. 臭氧marine a. 海（洋）的insect n.昆虫habitat n. 生活环境，栖息地geology n. 地质学biological diversity 生物多样性extinction of species 物种的灭绝wild animals 野生动物endangered animals 濒危动物greenhouse effect 温室效应deforestation n. 滥砍滥伐water shortage 水资源短缺hazardous material 有害物质pesticide n.杀虫剂pollute vt. 污染pollutant n.污染物emission n. 排放物exhaust gas 废气acid n.酸 a. 酸的acid rain 酸雨erosion n.腐蚀EI Nino 厄尔尼诺现象forest fire 森林火灾3、战争与军事armed campaign 武装战役Defence Ministry 国防部front n.前线attack n./v. 攻击，袭击attacker n.袭击者bomb attack 炸弹袭击gun attack 枪弹袭击violence n.暴力blast n. 爆炸gun battle 枪战militant n.激进分子bomb n.炸弹explode vi.爆炸explosive n.炸药disarm v.解除武装outbreak n.爆发conventional forces 常规部队combat n./v.战斗bullet n.枪弹arrest v.逮捕invade v.侵入suspend v.停止missile n.导弹tactic n. [pl.]战术victim n.牺牲品death toll 死亡人数surrender n./v.投降ceasefire n.停战intelligence activities 情报活动confidential information 机密情报patrol n./v.巡逻conquer v.征服custody v.拘留detain v. 扣留terrorist attack 恐怖袭击政治与国际关系类新闻主题词汇与短语100个1、政治allege v.断言，宣称ballot n.选票v.选举turnout n. 投票者；票数election n.选举poll n.民意测验；政治选举boycott v./n.（联合）抵制campaign n.运动；选举concession n.让步；特许权democratic a.民主的democracy n.民主depose v.罢免hierarchy n. 等级制度immunity n.豁免权impeach v.弹劾illegal a.非法的law enforcement 执法militant policy 激进政策monarch n.君主政治sovereign a.有主权的n.君主regime n.政治制度reign v./n.统治partisan a.有党派的proposal n.提议suppress v.镇压terrorism n.恐怖主义tyranny n.专制，暴行senate n.参议院，上院municipal a.市政的committee n. 委员会politician n.政客statesman n. 政治家draft/draught n.草稿vt.起草nominate vt. 提名；任命candidate n.候选人implement vt. 实施constitution n.宪法amend v.修正veto vt./n.否决welfare n.福利constitute vt.组成；任命radical a.激进的n.激进分子neutral a. 中立的minority n. 少数；少数民族racial a.种族的reconcile v. 使和解privilege n.特权dictate v.命令，强行规定supervise v.监督，管理2、国际关系border n.边界alliance n.同盟，同盟国coalition n.同盟league n.同盟，联盟mediator n.调解人confrontation n.对抗delegate n.代表delegation n.代表团，委派domain n. 领域realm n.领域embassy n.大使馆ambassador n.大使diplomat n.外交官envoy n.使者special envoy 特使hegemonism n.霸权主义panel n. 专门小组stalemate n. 僵局v.使……陷入僵局assassin n.刺客international situation 国际形势asylum n.庇护，避难dialogue and agreement 对话与共识tension n.紧张boundary negotiation 边界谈判status quo of the boundary 边界现状non-aligned countries 不结盟国家consultation n.磋商joint action 共同行动normalization of relations 关系正常化exchange of needed goods 互通有无bilateral trade 双边贸易friendly exchanges 友好往来disputed area 有争议的地区territorial dispute 领土纠纷peace talk 和谈neutral state/country 中立国sovereign state 主权国家maintain neutrality 保持中立foreign affairs 外交mutual recognition 互相承认establishment of diplomatic relations 建立外交关系diplomatic practice 外交惯例diplomatic privilege 外交特权diplomatic channel 外交途径friendly/goodwill visit 友好访问informal visit 非正式访问official visit 正式访问state visit 国事访问exchange views 交换意见shelter n.遮蔽，避难所refugee n.难民，避难者社会生活类主题词汇与短语100个1、居家琐事air-conditioner n.空调balcony n. 阳台basement n. 地下室bedroom n.卧室budget n. 预算cleaning and washing 洗洗刷刷cupboard n.橱柜economical a.经济的，节俭的fix v.维修furnished a. 已装修的heater n.加热器household expenses 家务开支housework n.家务活in a mess 杂乱install v. 安装keep an eye on 照料laundry n.洗衣店leak v. 漏水keep down the cost 降低开支kitchen n. 厨房light bulb 电灯泡living room 客厅parcel n.包裹pipe n. 管道plumber n.管子工porch n. 走廊postage n.邮费registered letter 挂号信shared social area 公用空间trivial affairs 日常琐事vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器zip/postal code 邮政编码2、购物消费bargain n. 便宜货，讨价还价catalog n.商品目录chain store 连锁店complaint n.投诉convenience store 便利店customer n.顾客department store 百货大楼dessert n.甜点discount n.折扣famous brands 名牌fast food 快餐grocery n.杂货店in season 正合时令in stock 有现货mall n.购物中心on-line shopping 网上购物order v.点菜out of stock 没货，脱销pizza n.披萨pudding n.布丁receipt n.收据sell out 售完snack bar 快餐店，小吃店steak n.牛排supermarket n.超市take away 外卖vending machine 自动售货机tip (a fat tip) n. 小费（优厚的小费）vegetable salad 蔬菜沙拉3、交通出行airline n. 航线air/plane crash 空难airport n.机场airsick n. 晕机a non-stop train 直达火车behind schedule 晚点board v. 登记booking office 订票处break the traffic rule 违反交通规则carriage n.车厢check in 入住登记check out 结账离开cloudy a.阴天的windy a.多风的foggy a.雾天的snowstorm n.暴风雪shower n.阵雨turn cold all of a sudden 忽然变冷weather forecast 天气预报warm up 转暖departure time 起飞时间platform n. 站台express train 快车fantastic scene 奇异的景象flight n.航班safety inspection 安检give a ride 搭车historic spots 历史名胜landscape n. 风景sightseeing n.观光，游览one-way ticket 单程票return/round-trip ticket 往返票park a car 停车tourist n. 游客traffic jam 交通拥挤，塞车run a red light/jump the light 闯红灯rush hour 高峰时间speeding n.超速transfer v. 转车/机see off 送行人文学习类主题词汇与短语100个1、学校教育accommodation n.住宿accounting n. 会计学after-school activity 课外活动art n.艺术science n.理科assessment n. 综合评估assignment n. 作业attendance n. 出勤率participation n. 出勤率degree n.学位bachelor n. 学士boarder n.住宿生credit n.学分diploma n.毕业证书cut a class 旷课skip the class 逃课drop out 辍学quit school 退学miss a class 缺课fill sb. in 给某人补课GPA 平均学分绩点thesis n.学位论文dissertation n. （学位）论文paper n. 论文master n. 硕士doctor n.博士post doctor 博士后history n. 历史economics n.经济学finance n. 金融学graduate student/postgraduate student研究生undergraduate student 本科生gymnasium n.体育馆librarian n.图书馆长，图书管理员psychology n. 心理学physics n.物理学lecture notes 课堂笔记letter of recommendation 推荐信literature n. 文学reading room 阅览室presentation n. 演讲semester n.一学期scholarship n. 奖学金seminar n.研讨班tuition n. 学费turn in/hand in 上交2、文化艺术abstract a.抽象的arouse vt.引起，激起，唤起arouse one’s curiosity 引发某人的好奇心art works 艺术作品band n. 乐队cartoon n.动画片classic art 高雅艺术classical literature 古典文学collected works 文集collection n.作品集，收藏品concert n.音乐会cultural differences 文化差异性cultural insights 文化视角cultural shock 文化冲击diversity n.多样性fashionable a. 时尚的folk art 民间艺术graffiti n. 涂鸦imagination n. 想象力inspiration n.灵感instrument n. 乐器literature and art 文艺mass media 大众媒体masterpiece n. 杰作musical n.音乐剧oil painting 油画orchestra n. 管弦乐队outdated a.过时的popular with 流行sculpture n.雕塑spread knowledge 传播知识3、社会习俗behavior n.行为best man 伴郎bride n. 新娘bridesmaid n. 伴娘ceremony n. 典礼，仪式costume n. 服饰cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流custom n. 风俗engagement n. 订婚exotic a. 有异域风情的good-mannered a.有礼貌的，文明的ill-mannered a. 无教养的groom n. 新郎interaction n.互动practice n. 惯例proper conduct 得体的举止national identity and value 民族特性和价值观taboo n. 禁忌tradition n.传统wedding ceremony 婚礼offensive a.冒犯的，无礼的。
商务英语课件
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BEC的评分的标准是什么？ BEC的分数由听说读写四部分组成，各占总分
的25%，只要求总分及格。每部分批评分标准不尽 相同，比如说听力和阅读都是每道题为一个原始 分，然后按照一定标准折算，比较复杂，在这里 就不再赘述。以口语为例：评分标准测试依据发 音、准确性、流利程度以及交流能力四个部分来 判定。具体标准如下：
中国教育部考试中心是我国国家级教育考试主管部门， 负责承担各项国家级教育考试并受教育部委托代办海外机构 在我国举办的各类教育考试。
商务英语证书考试（BEC）由中英双方合办。英国剑桥 大学考试委员会负责命题，阅卷，颁发证书。中国教育部考 试中心负责报名、印制试卷和组织考试。
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BEC考试的考试等级如何规定？ BEC共分三个等级：BEC初级（BEC Preliminary Level，
training)
• 领导才能培训( Leadership training) • 实施绩效评价培训(Performance appraisal
training )
• 个人电脑培训(Personal computer training ) • 团队精神培训(Team building training ) • 招聘培训(Hiring process training) • 培训师培训(Training the trainer) • 新设备操作培训(Operating new equipment
• nationally accredited university.剑桥大学是 一所国际知名的大学。
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5. What does your job involve?
外交官衔的英文表达
外交官衔的英文表达外交官衔（diplomatic rank）是外交与国际关系领域（world of diplomacy andinternational relations）使用的一套职业（professional）与社会（social）等级。
在19世纪前的传统欧洲外交（traditionalEuropeandiplomacy）中，每个国家都有自己的一套外交头衔。
各国官员级别的高低引发了不少争议。
大国（majornations）倾向于认为自己官员的级别高于小国（minornations）的同类官员，尤其在座次安排（tableseatings）方面。
为了解决这些问题，1815年维也纳会议（Congress of Vienna）正式确立了一套国际性的外交官衔。
其中包括：特命全权大使（AmbassadorExtraordinaryandPlenipotentiary）：国家元首（head of state）的正式代表（formal representative）。
梵蒂冈（the Holy See）同级别的（equivalent）罗马教廷大使叫papal nuncio。
在英联邦国家（Commonwealthcountries），同级别的官员通常是高级专员（High Commissioner），但他代表政府（government）而不是国家元首【可能因为它们的国家元首都是英国国王或女王】。
无任所大使（Ambassador-at-Large）：代表国家（representing the country）的最高级别外交官（diplomat），也叫公使（minister）。
大使负责某一个国家的外交代表机构/外交使团（diplomaticmission），但无任所大使往往负责若干个临近国家（neighboring countries）、地区（region）或政府间机构（intergovernmentalorganization）【例如联合国（UnitedNations）或欧盟（European Union）】的外交事务。
英语presentation范文商务
英语presentation范文商务全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Business English PresentationIntroduction:Good morning/afternoon everyone, my name is [Your Name], and today I will be giving a presentation on the topic of Business English. Business English is the language used in international business communication, and it plays a crucial role in today's globalized business world.Benefits of Business English:Firstly, let's talk about the benefits of learning Business English. Business English is essential for effective communication with clients, colleagues, and partners from different countries. By mastering Business English, you can build strong relationships, negotiate effectively, and close deals successfully. Moreover, Business English opens up new career opportunities and enhances your professional skills.Key Concepts in Business English:Now, let's discuss some key concepts in Business English. In business communication, it's important to be clear, concise, and professional. Use formal language, avoid slang and jargon, and pay attention to tone and etiquette. Remember to adapt your communication style to your audience, whether it's a formal presentation, a business email, or a conference call.Tips for Improving Business English Skills:Next, I'd like to share some tips for improving your Business English skills. First, practice speaking and writing regularly. Join English-speaking clubs, attend business workshops, and read business articles. Second, expand your vocabulary by learning industry-specific terms and expressions. Third, seek feedback from native speakers or language tutors to refine your pronunciation and grammar.Role of Business English in International Business:In conclusion, Business English is a key factor in the success of international business. It enables effective communication, fosters relationships, and drives business growth. By honing your Business English skills, you can become a confident and influential communicator in the global business arena.Thank you for your attention. I hope you found this presentation informative and inspiring. Please feel free to ask any questions or share your thoughts on Business English.篇2Business English PresentationGood morning/afternoon/evening everyone. My name is [Your Name] and I am here today to give a presentation on [Topic of Presentation].The main purpose of this presentation is to provide an overview of [Topic of Presentation] and discuss its impact on the business world. Throughout this presentation, I will be covering the following key points:1. Introduction to [Topic of Presentation]:I will begin by providing a brief background on the subject and its relevance in today's business environment.2. Importance of [Topic of Presentation]:Next, I will discuss why [Topic of Presentation] is important for businesses and how it can contribute to their growth and success.3. Benefits of [Topic of Presentation]:I will outline the various benefits that [Topic of Presentation] can bring to a business, including increased productivity, efficiency, and profitability.4. Challenges and Opportunities:I will also address some of the challenges that businesses may face when implementing [Topic of Presentation], as well as the opportunities that can arise from overcoming these challenges.5. Case Studies:I will present some real-life case studies of companies that have successfully integrated [Topic of Presentation] into their operations and the positive impact it has had on their business.6. Future Outlook:Finally, I will discuss the future outlook of [Topic of Presentation] and how businesses can leverage it to stay competitive in the rapidly changing business landscape.In conclusion, [Topic of Presentation] is a powerful tool that can help businesses streamline their operations, increase their productivity, and drive growth. By embracing this innovative approach, businesses can position themselves for long-term success in today's dynamic business environment.Thank you for your attention. I will now open the floor for any questions or discussions.篇3Title: Business English Presentation SampleGood morning/afternoon everyone,Today I will be giving a presentation on the topic of effective communication in business. Communication is a vital aspect of any organization, as it is a means of transferring information, sharing ideas, and building relationships. In the context of business, effective communication can make or break a deal, impact employee morale, and influence customer loyalty.To begin with, let's discuss the importance of verbal communication in a business setting. Verbal communication refers to the use of spoken words to convey messages. It is crucial in meetings, presentations, negotiations, and client interactions. To ensure effective verbal communication, it is essential to speak clearly, concisely, and confidently. It is also important to actively listen to others, ask clarifying questions, and provide feedback when necessary.In addition to verbal communication, written communication is equally important in business. Written communicationincludes emails, memos, reports, and business letters. When writing, it is crucial to use proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation. It is also important to tailor the message to the audience, structure the information logically, and use a professional tone.Furthermore, nonverbal communication plays a significant role in business interactions. Nonverbal cues such as body language, facial expressions, and gestures can convey a lot of information about a person's attitude, emotions, and intentions. To ensure effective nonverbal communication, it is important to maintain eye contact, use open and welcoming body language, and show genuine interest in the conversation.Moreover, cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly important in today's globalized business world. With companies operating in multiple countries and dealing with diverse customers and clients, it is essential to understand and respect different cultural norms, values, and communication styles. By being aware of and adapting to cultural differences, businesses can avoid misunderstandings, build trust, and foster stronger relationships.In conclusion, effective communication is a critical skill for success in business. By mastering the art of verbal, written, andnonverbal communication, businesses can enhance productivity, build strong relationships, and achieve their goals. Remember, communication is not just about talking - it's about listening, understanding, and connecting with others. Thank you for your attention.That concludes my presentation. Thank you for listening. If you have any questions, I will be happy to answer them.。
剑桥商务英语证书考试(BEC)介绍
2023/11/5
9
Listening and Reading
• Letters and faxes • Memos and short reports • Professional journals • Textbooks • Long reports • Contracts and legal documents
•
考生做这一题时首先仍然是先快速阅读选择题，从而了
解录音中对话或独白的背景、大意，以便听录音时有一个大
致的方向。
• 考生听录音时要认真将主要内容抓住，决不能因为某一个问 题没听懂就停下来，听录音的过程中可以针对每一个问题做 些快速记录，记下录音中人的身份、讨论的问题，以及不同 的观点；如果是独白，对独白的主题，涉及到的人或物等则 要尽可能弄清楚。 SPEAKING
水机、咖啡机等，此外，还可能需要翻译人员、文秘人员等；考虑那些
要员是必须出席的等等。
•
当一个考生在阐述意见时，另一考生需要在适当的时候介入。另外，
考生要注意不要挖空心思去寻找对应的英语来表达汉语思维的内容，只
provide training opportunities for staff? 后，可能会问考生乙
What do you think of it？如果考生乙没有仔细听，就要对考官
说Sorry或Please pardon 这样会影响口试效果。
•
口试第一部分考试时间约为4分钟。
2023/11/5
16
留学面试自我介绍英语优秀范文6篇整理
留学面试自我介绍英语优秀范文6篇整理当站在台上面对生疏人时，是一个对外介绍自己的机会，来好好的预备一下属于自己的自我介绍吧!下面是我整理了留学面试自我介绍，来观赏和学习吧，盼望能对大家有所关心。
留学面试自我介绍1Personal statement:Good morning teachers! My name is __. I’m in Class Eleven, Grade Three from Dalian No._ Senior High School in Liaoning Province. It is my great honor to be here for this presentation. To be admitted to the University of Hong Kong, I have always experienced trials and hardships with no regret for many years.It is really a good memory for me to visit Hong Kong when I was still a primary school student, because Hong Kong has its own excellent geographical location. It has a perfect financial system, information network and mature legal system. The University of Hong Kong is succeeding in front among the famous universities in the world.Im eager for going to the University of Hong Kong, and I make a good achievement in Grade One and Grade Two-“get the first and the second”, moreover, I also make a good mark in Grade Three. I’ve got ten top students in every grade for many times, and I won the first prize in the national innovation in the English competition in 2023.I take an active park in the school club activities, the vice minister of Astronomy department. I also participated in social practice, and joined the Dalian charity federation volunteer branch and actively participate involunteer activities. “To study for learning” that I have always thought, but most important thing is I love English, that is my interest. It is I was obsessed with the language that I make the firm confidence to go to the University of Hong Kong. I hope that 4-year professional study in Hong Kong can make me know more about foreign language deeply, improve my translation level, and after graduation, I want to become a qualified translator and I hope I can do what I can do a drive that the angel of the sino-foreign cultural exchanges, let more foreign friends understand our Chinese great nation and long culture. In the foreign friends’ eyes, I hope that a dream of red mansions is no longer only difficult language symbol, the foreign novel in Chinese people’s eyes isn’t also difficult to understand, and this will be my greatest glory in my life!In the future, I believe that I can definitely become a member of the University of Hong Kong someday with my hard work and effort, the passion and dream. I believe I can do it.Salute__The national innovation English contestNankai universityBeijing university留学面试自我介绍2I think that since the admission, the school has to comply with the rules and regulations, has a good ideological and moral quality,outstanding performance. Have a strong collective sense of honor and sense of responsibility, adhere to the principle of practical work for things.I thought the correct Chikunailao can have lofty ideals and great goals, the importance of personal moral cultivation, the adoption of a healthy life style, helpful, concerned about national affairs.In school, I have been studying hard and assiduously, through systematic study and master a solid foundation of knowledge. As a good learning style and a clear learning targets, had received outstanding member, Miyoshi students and other honors, has teachers and students of the affirmative, the study set a good e_ample.After school hours, I actively participated in physical training, enhance physical fitness, loves labor and actively participate in the schools cultural and sports activities, to participate in social practice, inherit and carry forward the spirit of arduous struggle, also participated in the schools literature and calligraphy Association , Enriching theafter-school life, in all its aspects have been improved accordingly.Bao Jianfeng from Grounding out, plum blossom-to the bitter cold, I firmly believe that through continuous learning and efforts to become a ideals, morality, culture, and discipline of students, with outstanding achievements meet the challenge, for the community I am a lifetime contribution to the construction of the power.留学面试自我介绍3Good morning, professors.I am ___ from ___ university, and my major is ___. Today ,it’s mygreat honor to be here. Now let me briefly introduce myself to you.I am very humorous and easy-going, enjoying a good relationship among my classmates. During the past three years, I have worked very hard at my studies. As a result ,I built up a solid foundation of professional knowledge. I’d like to take the chances to put them into practice via many kinds of projects and contests. Such e_perience has taught me the theoretical principles and practical methods to carry out research antivities. Whats more, now I am good at analysis, with a strong sense of cooperation. I am always willing to achieve higher goals.In my spare time, I was very active and took part in different social activities, especially the volunteer activities, which cultivated me leadership skills, team spirits and the ability to deal with problems. Besides, books and sports are also my favorite entertainments.Although I have broad interests in many aspects and grasp the essential knowledge of the major, but I think at present, I can do many things in a superficial level, but not be competent to do things professionally owing to lack of ample knowledge and ability. So I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.All in all, ___ university, with a highly qualified faculty and strong academic environment is the one which I have long admired. So I hope to enter this college and further my education here.That’s all .Thank you.留学面试自我介绍4dear sir：good morning/afternoon everyone! it is my honor to be here and i really appreciate you offer me the chance of interview .now i will introduce myself first .my name is……from _iangfan in hubei province. im an honest, responsible, and warm-hearted person. i can adapt different environments quickly .second i like this kind of field very much and i take it as my career .till now i have one year e_perience in this field. as a 21 years man, id like to e_perience more to enrich myself and then it can help me to laid good foundation for my future career .there is no use doing what we love ,we must love we do just like the field. at the same time, i am really proud of myself applying for this job. i hope you can give me a chance and i will try my best to do it better. finally , i hope your hotel can become the best one among hotel industry。
英语双人对话演讲
英语双人对话演讲篇一：关于国外留学的英语访谈模式演讲稿Presentation(开场：)A: For a long time, contradictions between children and parents are emerging in an endless stream. Maybe about just a trivial matter, maybe about a big decision made by family member .but they may reflect the common problem which has been bothering people a lot. Find problems in life and help you solve them, I’m Jennifer, welcome to the grogram.Before we start our topic, let’s watch two videos first, Mary, a girl who is studying abroad and her father will tell us the contradiction between them.B: As a father, to be honest, it’s a big decision for us to send our child to go abroad. Actually, the cost of it isn't chicken feed for ordinary families, just like us. But finally, we did that. Children in young to another environment to live, to work, to study is a very good thing. Even if China there are some things you can do, but in a country groups to better. Because they can accept to different culture, and take the diploma, which will play an important role inthe future. Sadly, my child did not answer the expectations, she pay much attention to pleasure in places of entertainment. Reading in the library seems like a torture to her. And it wasn’t a surprise for me that she got such poor grades last semester. But that hurt me deeply. We want she can change her attitude as early as possible, and treasure the chance that not all the people can get rather than waste it.A: Then the second one.B: hello. I’m Mary. Above all, I must say that I’m not a willful child but that doesn’t mean I have no definite views of my own. I agree to the idea that studying abroad is a great chance to improve abilities. This is where our opinions diverge from each other.As far as I’m concerned, abilities which I have mentioned just now should never contain only study. I mean grades are not the signs for growth, just for school work. My parents are always thinking I have paid little attention to my study, but since I was in abroad, I have been learning, not just from books, but also from everything surrounding me. (Hey! Girls! Keep the noise down, ok? I can’t hear myself!) Going abroad gives me frequent access to different cultures.I go to bars, dancing hall, gym, sauna, but I don’t think I have done something wrong. There’s no reason to pass up the opportunity of experiencing a new life.I make the most of time in the class and reviewing the lesson the teacher speak after class. Why I have to pay all my attention to school work and focus too much on the things I can also do in domestic.（情景过后）A: After watching the videos, I’m sure everyone has got today’s topic, the keyword—studying abroad.As for this, we have invited the famous expert to talk with us. Let’s welcome Mr. Michele A: Hello, Mr. MicheleB: Hello, miss Pan.A: In recent years, studying abroad has flourished. Thousands of scholars and studentshave gone to foreign countries to study. Many people are sparing no effort in applying for going abroad. Could you please make a preliminary analysis of the course of this phenomenon, Mr. Michel?B: Yes, in fact, some people prefer to go with the stream. In most parents’eyes, the most important is students receive foreign advanced education; this can be in the Chinese university in the world rankings see out.A: The domestic famous in the world rankings and not very high. Yeah?B: Right. Studying abroad can exercise the student's independent thinking and problem solving ability, this in the later work is very important; Can also broaden our horizons, and enhance the knowledge; Enhance the ability to relate to others; Own the ability of money; If can play some odd jobs, to oneself is a big help. Sending children abroad makes so many benefits, so why not?A: As studying abroad becomes ordinary, many problems are beginning surface. Just like the contradiction from the father and son. They concentrated on a different aspect of studying abroad. So, how do you think?B: Actually, it’s difficult to judge who is right and who is wrong. Superficially, even both of them are right.A: And they both have legitimate reasons.B：Yes, but whatever you say, there is no doubt that study is the most important, because that’s you fundamental purpose, right? A: Yes, the primary reason.B: But we should also remember study is not only the process of learning the advanced culture, and the will of the people is to exercise. Taking degree is just the one reason; it would never be the only one. Study abroad experience not only let the sea life experience, rich receives the advanced idea; update the way of thinking, harvest the great spiritual wealth, and to bring the sea tothe rich material wealth and great sense of achievement. Those are the greatest harvests.A: So, that means students should make good use of time to balance study and daily life. Is that a big problem?B: I’m sorry, but I have to say”yes”. To tell the truth, it’s not easy for students to arrange time in domestic, and when you in abroad, it even becomes much more difficult.A: Yes, because new experiences and new ways of life will make influence on you decision. But we all know Mr. Michal has a lot of knowledge about this, and it is not easy to meet with you, so would you please give us some advices of using or allocating time in abroad?B: That’s my pleasure. At first I want to say, your harvests and you time are the greatest wealth in life. As time goes by, your time becomes less, but you harvests are almost invariable, which means you are wasting time. And you can’t use the time ofhaving meals or sleeping to study, what you need to do is make best use of available time which you never pay attention to before. A: So that’s what we should focus on before we arrange our limited time, and now how about giving us some specific suggestion about how to make use of time?B: First, know how much time you have spent and spent on what.You can choose one week to write down what you did every 30 minutes, and sort them out, like reading, chatting, participating in activities and so on. Then see where you spent too much time on. If you want make progress, you should make a change.Secondly, learn to use short time and died time。
国际会议邀请骗局
（3月18日第一封由lilian gray<lilian.gray90@）INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE INVITATION IN USA AND SENEGALDear Friend,My name is Lilian Gray, working with (AMERICAN AIDS ORGANIZATION) Washington DC. we are organizing our 11th AIDS Combine Conference to tackle HIV prejudice and to protect ourselves and others from HIV transmission. This conference will take place from 20th -- 23rd April 2011 at Washington DC in the United States and in Dakar Senegal from 27th -- 30th April 2011.In our request to invite people from various countries around the world, I went in search of emails of N.G.O`s and Voluntary Organizations on the website as a means of contacting individuals and organizations, as a result, I picked your email from an N.G.O`s website.If you are interested to participate and want to represent your country, you may contact the secretariat of the organizing committee for details and information's through the following email address: Email: secretaryhivaids@ You should also inform them that you were invited to participate by friend of yours(Lilian Gray) who is a member of (AMERICAN AIDS ORGANIZATION). I believe that we may have the opportunity to meet if you may be willing to participate in this event. The benevolent donors across the United States and the Organizing Committee will provide round Trip air tickets and accommodation for the period of participants, Stay in the U.S, to all registered participants.If you are a holder of passport that may require visa to enter United States, you may inform the conference secretariat at the time of registration, as the Organizing committee is responsible for all visas arrangements and travel assistance.I encourage you to share this invitation with anyone you believe would be interested in attending the conference.We look forward to welcoming you to United States and Dakar Senegal.You may get back to me with my email address below.Email: liliangray@Sincerely,Lilian Gray.（3月22日第二封由liliangray@）Dear friend,I am very glad to receive your mail. The number of delegate for the first badge have completed they are now on the second badge. Email of the second badge is secretaryhivaids@ I have sent your details to the Conference secretariat. They will reach you with all the necessary Information pertaining these events. You should also inform them that you were invited to participate by a frie nd of yours (Lilian Gray). Delegate must attend the two segment. Be informed that the organizing committee is fully responsible for all registered participants travelling document (Visas), Round trip air tickets and their accommodation here in the United States where the first phase of the event will be held. Registered participants are only responsible for their Hotel accommodation in Dakar Senegal. Where the second pha se of the event will be held. This is to a ssure the organizing committee and the United State Bureau of immigration that they will partake in both events. Endeavour to update me with every step you take to enable me follow up with the proce ssing of your documents, a s I was the one who invited you so a s to receive your travelling entitled documents on time. I have attached my pics for ea sier recognition here in the United States during the events.Your intere st in the conference is much appreciated.Hoping to meet you there.Sincerely,Lilian Gray.（3月22日由secretaryhivaids@）Dear Conference Participant,You are welcome to participate in these International events. These will be held from 20th -- 23rd April 2011 at Washington DC in the United States and in Dakar Senegal from 27th -- 30th April 2011.Your participation has been accepted because you were recommended by one of our staff and member of AMERICAN AIDS ORGANIZATION (AAO) Lilian Gray. The 11th AIDS International Combine Conference will present new scientific knowledge and offer many opportunities for structured dialogue on the major issues facing the global response to HIV. A variety of session types – from abstract-driven presentations to symposia, bridging sessions and plenary – will meet the needs of various participants. Other related activities, including the Global Village, satellite meetings, exhibitions and affiliated events, will contribute to an exceptional opportunity for professional development and networking. The 11th AIDS Combine Conference will provide or facilitate hubs (centres) where selected sessions of the conference will be screened, to increase the access to the conference programme.The conference challenges students, professionals, educators, doctors, scientists, lawyers, universities, corporations, nonprofits, and others, to develop innovative solutions to achieve global goals.The conference organizing committee in conjunction with the donor sponsoring committee has mapped out some financial rewards to group participants that distinguished themselves in their areas of discipline. Panel of Judges has been appointed to oversee and to select participants of merit...The Interested participants of the forth-coming 11th AIDS International Combine Conference should send the following information’s via email, to our Registration Desk:Email: rgstrtnaids2011@You must send to us the following information about all members of your group:1) Names exactly as in passport…...2) Passport Number………………..3) Date of Birth……………………4) Place of Birth…………………...5) Country of Residence…………..6) Country Dialling Code…………7) Occupation……………………..8) Marital Status…………………..9) Phone Contact………………….10) Postal Address…………….......11) Who invited you………………We welcome Delegates, Inter-Governmental and Non-Governmental Organizations to the International Conference.REGISTRATION OF PARTICIPANTS: A maximum of six (6) persons are expected to participate as a group or organization to represent their Country in the forth-coming events. None of them should be less than eighteen years of age and they must participate in both Conferences.NOTE Very Important: It is not necessary that one must belong to an organization to be eligible to attend this event. He/she can also participate as an individual or a group of 2 to 4 members if he/she is not capable to form a group to represent his/her Country are eligible to participate.They should be in possession of their international passports to enable them participate in this conferences. You may forward the names and passport numbers of your group members to register to the 11th AIDS International Combine Conference.Regular DelegateTo register as a regular delegate, you must be at least 18 years old. The registration for regular delegates includes entry to all conference sessions, the exhibition and poster area, the opening session and the closing session.If the completed registration forms are received on or before the registration deadline, a conference bag and other conference materials including the conference programme and the abstract CD-ROM are guaranteed. If the completed registration forms are received after the registration deadline, we cannot guarantee that a conference bag and other conference materials will be available. All conference materials will be handed out onsite.Student/Post-doc/Youth DelegateTo register as a student/post-doc/youth delegate, you must be at least 18 years old and you must provide proof of age at both the time of registration and during the conference. The registration for students/post-doc and youth delegates include entry to all conference sessions, the exhibition area, the poster area, the opening session and the closing session.All participants visa assistance request will be forwarded to the U.S Department of State for same day visa Authorization which shall be sent by fax to the consular section of the U.S. Embassy, in your country of residence.Only participants who have been officially nominated by an invitation, Governmental body, non-governmental organization, academic institution, or group formed to represent a country will be registered. Such participants will be provided with a registration file number and special ID card on arrival, permitting access to the conference premises during the Conference.Admission to conference premises will require, at all times, the presentation of the identification cards. Upon presentation of two valid photo IDs, NGO participants will be issued such ID cards for access to the conference premises: A centre for issuance of access/ identification passes will be issued from ,first day to the last day of the Conference at the Convention CentreNote again that delegates will only be responsible for their own hotel booking accommodation in Dakar Senegal for the second phase of the event to assure the organizing committee and the United State Bureau of immigrant affairs that they will partake in both events.All registered participants are entitled to round trip air tickets, meals and accommodation which will be provided during their stay in the U.S.For more information you can contact us.Phone: +1-321-226-0024Fax: + 1-606-312-4714Office Hours: M - F 8:00 AM - 5:45PM,Regards,Richard Jeffrey.(Conference secretary)…The conference will be translated in different languages all over the world…（3月23日由liliangray@）Dear Li XiaoxiaOrganizing committee has provided a free round Trip air tickets and free accommodation for the period of participants Stay in the U.S, to all registered participants. Participants free round trip air tickets covers from the participants’ country of re sidence to Washington DC United States and from Washington DC United States to Dakar Senegal where the second phase of the conference will be held andfr om Dakar Senegal back to participants’ country of residence. Immidiately you sumit your registration form together with your hotel booking comfirmation receipt which make you to prove that you will attend both conference.Your registration forms will be forwarded to the United States Bureau of Immigrant Affairs- U.S. Foreign Consular Department. You are going to received your air ticket in the same day you are collecting your visa in america embassy in beijing china. You can go together with another volunteer.Sincerely,Lilian Gray.（3月26日由rgstrtnaids2011@;发来信及如下三个附件）Dear conference participant,View your attachment and print out the forms, scan it and send it back to us by E-mail attachment, not later than 31st March, 2011. We will get in touch with you as soon as we receive the registration forms A,B, and C together with your hotel booking guarantee receipt, which is required to prove that you will attend both conference.Regards,Barry Taylor.(Registrar)The 11th International (AAO) Combine Conference on HIV/AIDS.April 20th ~ 23rd2011, Washington DC, USA ----- April 27th ~ 30th 2011, Dakar, SenegalFILES NUMBER: CHINA/UWOSOS/USCL5230506/AAOICCHA27915/USGB-1573REGISTRATION FORM (A)Secretariat Use OnlyReceived: __Registration No.:______Please complete the form and send by e-mail to the Conference Secretariat before March 31st, 2011. Should you questions, please do not hesitate to contact the secretariat via email:secretaryhivaids@Personal information (Please type or print clearly in CAPITAL*all fields marked with a star are required for*Title: Mr. Mrs. Ms. Prof. Dr. Others (Please specify: ____________*Function at co □Youth Delegate □Student □Invited speaker □Committee member □Regular delegate*Please choose□Senior researcher □Post-doctoral fellow □Doctoral student □Government official □Other:*First (Given) name: *Middle name: *Last (Family) _______ _______ ____________ __________________Passport number: (for excursion insurance only) Birthday: (yy _________________________________ *Organization:_______________________________________________________________Postal_______________________________________________________________Postal code: City: * ______ _____ ____________*Tel: (country code - area code - tel no.) *Fax: (country code - area code - ____________________________________________*E-mail_____________________________________*Special dietary requirements: (please tick your None Vegetarian □No beef □No pork □No sea food Evening reception □Attend □Not Attend x Com Closing banquet □Attend □Not Attend x ComplimentaryTravel/AccommodationThe benevolent donors across the United States and the conference organizing committee has provided a free round Trip air tick accommodation for the period of participants Stay in the U.S, to all registered participants. Participants free round trip air tickets c the participants’ country of residence to Washington DC United States and from Washington DC United States to Dakar Senega second phase of the conference will be held and from Dakar Senegal back to participants’ country of residence. Accommodation in Africa.The 11th International (AAO) Combine Conference On HIV/AIDS.April 20th ~ 23rd 2011, Washington DC, USA ----- April 27th ~ 30th 2011, Dakar, SenegalREGISTRATION FORM (B)The 11th International (AAO) Combine Conference On HIV/AIDS.April 20th ~ 23rd 2011, Washington DC, USA ----- April 27th ~ 30th 2011, Dakar, SenegalQUESTIONNAIRE FORM (C)。