Intermediate Writing 5
研究生英语学术论文写作课件
Deng Yingling Foreign Studies College of Hunan Normal University
I. Course Description
This course is an attempt to guide the students to learn more advanced skills and strategies for thinking and writing in English of a more academic nature. They are required to write course papers and dissertations which have to meet certain internationally accepted academic standards.
研究的突出主题：对美国国民性的认识、 对身份的建构、互文件导致的某些思想的 传承和渊源关系等 环境意识和生态保护意识引导着学者重新 阐释早期作品。区域文学研究、早期乡士 文学研究，与当下的环境意识和生态意识 紧密联系起来，互为补充，互为印证，表 现出很强的文化建设和思想建设性
美国小说研究存在的问题
美国小说文化研究
20世纪90年代以来文学研究的热点:从人文关怀 的角度出发，摆脱经院式研究套路，把文学研究 还置于产生这一文学现象的历史、文化、宗教、 哲学、社会、民俗的背景之中加以研究，运用现 代文化理论来审视文学现象，并给予文学文本以 文化意义上的解读和阐释。 我国对美国小说的文化研究:明显表现出对美国文 学中亚文化现象的兴趣，如犹太文化、黑人文化、 女性文化和中国文化。
托业考试水平
托业考试水平托业考试是一个评估非英语母语人士英语能力的国际性考试。
根据ETS（Educational Testing Service）的评价标准，托业考试分为Listening & Reading Test（听力与阅读测试）和Speaking & Writing Test（口语与写作测试）两部分。
每部分的得分范围是0-200分，总分范围是0-990分。
托业考试的分数可以用来评估考生在英语听力、阅读、口语和写作能力方面的水平。
具体来说：- 400分以下：基本的听力和阅读能力，但可能无法应对复杂的语言交流情境。
- 400-600分：具备一定的听力和阅读能力，可以理解简单的商务和日常英语对话。
- 600-750分：具备较好的听力和阅读能力，可以应对一些复杂的商务英语交流情境。
- 750-900分：具备很好的听力和阅读能力，可以应对较复杂的商务英语交流情境。
- 900分以上：具备优秀的听力和阅读能力，可以应对各种商务英语交流情境。
对于托业口语和写作部分，评分标准相对主观，一般根据词汇运用、语法、逻辑和组织等方面来评判，通常考生会被判断为以下四个等级之一：- 初级（Basic）：基本可以使用简单词汇进行简单的日常会话。
- 低中级（Low Intermediate）：可以进行一些基本的商务英语对话，但表达较为简单。
- 中高级（High Intermediate）：可以进行商务英语对话并表达一定观点，但有时可能需要更多时间来组织语言。
- 高级（Advanced）：具备流利的商务英语口语表达能力，可以灵活运用各种复杂语言结构，表达各种观点和观点。
综上所述，托业考试水平可以根据听力、阅读、口语和写作的得分以及口语和写作的表达能力来评估。
高分表示考生具备较好的商务英语能力，而低分则表示考生需要进一步提高相关语言技能。
高中英语新人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 5逐词英语释义汇总(共67个)
高中英语选必四Unit5逐词英语释义1.bounce: 弹跳，反弹move quickly up, back, or away from a surface after hitting it, move in an energetic and buoyant manner2.bounce around: 四处走动，跳来跳去move or travel from place to place without any particular purpose or direction3.aptitude: 才能，天资a natural ability or skill, talent4.head start: 先发优势，领先的开始an advantage or improvement that someone has over another person or group at the beginning of something5.scenario: 情景，场景a sequence of events that is imagined or suggested, a possible situation or sequence of eventswyer: 律师，法律专家a person who practices or studies law; an attorney or a counselor7.assemble: 组装，集合fit together the separate component parts of (a machine or other object), gather together in one place for a common purpose8.drawer: 抽屉a boxlike storage compartment without a lid, made to slide horizontally in and out of a desk, chest, or other piece of furniture9.a chest of drawers: 衣柜，抽屉柜a piece of furniture consisting of a set of drawers in a frame, used for storing clothes or other items10.breast: 胸部the front surface of a person's or animal's body between the neck and the abdomen, the seat of a person's emotions and feelings11.hydrogen: 氢the chemical element of atomic number 1, a colorless gas that is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe12.radium: 镭the chemical element of atomic number 88, a rare radioactive metal of the alkaline earth series13.wrist: 手腕the joint connecting the hand with the forearm14.bridegroom: 新郎a man on his wedding day or just before and after the event15.geometry: 几何学the branch of mathematics that deals with the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces, solids, and higher-dimensional analogs16.debt: 债务，欠款something, typically money, that is owed or due17.categorize: 分类，归类place in a particular class or group, assign to a category18.profile: 侧面，轮廓an outline of something, especially a person's face, as seen from one side19.participant: 参与者，参赛者a person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity or event20.code: 代码，密码a system of words, letters, figures, or other symbols substituted for other words, letters, etc., especially for the purposes of secrecy21.orient: 定位，适应align or position (something) relative to the points of a compass or other specified positions22.detective: 侦探，刑警a person, typically a member of a police force, who investigates crimes and obtains evidence or information23.graphic: 图形的，图表的relating to visual art, especially involving drawing, engraving, or lettering24.estate: 地产，房地产a property consisting of houses, land, buildings, or other assets25.(real) estate agent: 房地产经纪人，房产中介a person who arranges the buying, selling, or renting of properties for clients26.accountant: 会计师a person whose job is to keep financial accounts of a business or person27.spy: 间谍，间谍活动a person who secretly collects and reports information about the activities, movements, and plans of an enemy or competitor28.justice: 正义，法官just behavior or treatment, a judge or magistrate, in particular, a judge of the Supreme Court of a country or state29.accuse: 指责，控告claim that (someone) has done something wronge to a conclusion: 得出结论，作出决定make a decision or form an opinion after considering all the relevant facts or evidence31.greedy: 贪婪的，贪心的having or showing an intense and selfish desire for something, especially wealth or power32.entrepreneur: 企业家a person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit33.receptionist: 接待员，前台接待a person employed in an office or other establishment to answer the telephone, deal with clients, and greet visitors34.CV (NAmE résumé): 简历a brief account of a person's education, qualifications, and previous experience, typically sent with a job application35.socialist: 社会主义者a person who advocates or supports socialism, a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates for public or community ownership and control of the means of production and distributionmunist: 共产主义者a person who supports or advocates communism, a political ideology and socio-economic system that advocates for the common ownership of the means of production and the absenceof social classes37.dedicate: 奉献，致力于devote (time, effort, or oneself) to a particular task or purpose38.fox: 狐狸，狡猾的人a carnivorous mammal of the dog family with a pointed muzzle and bushy tail, or a person who is clever, cunning, or sly39.council: 委员会，议会a group of people who meet regularly to discuss matters of common interest, a local administrative or advisory body40.canal: 运河，水道an artificial waterway constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland or to convey water for irrigation40.canal: 运河，水道an artificial waterway constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland or to convey water for irrigation41.attend to: 注意，照料give attention to or deal with (someone or something)42.supervise: 监督，管理oversee (a process, work, workers, etc.) during its course, ensuring that it is done correctly or according to regulations43.handwriting: 笔迹，书法the character or style of a person's writing by hand; penmanship44.disk: 磁盘，光盘a flat, thin, round object or plate, typically made of metal, plastic, or rubber, that is used as a container for storing or playing music or data45.parking: 停车the action or practice of leaving a vehicle temporarily in a particular place46.camel: 骆驼a large, long-necked ungulate mammal of the desert or plains, with characteristic humps on its back and long legs, used as a domestic draft and milk animal and as a beast of burden47.fry: 煎，油炸cook (food) in hot fat or oil, typically in a shallow pan48.purse: 钱包，小提包a small pouch of leather or other flexible material, used for carrying money, cards, and personal identification49.sew: 缝，缝制join, fasten, or repair (something) by making stitches with a needle and thread ora sewing machine50.knit: 编织，针织make (a garment, blanket, etc.) by interlocking loops of wool or other yarn with knitting needles or on a machine51.wool: 羊毛the fine, soft curly or wavy hair forming the coat of a sheep, goat, or similar animal, especially when shorn and prepared for use in making cloth or yarn52.intermediate: 中级的，中间的coming between two things in time, place, order, character, etc.53.priority: 优先权，重点the fact or condition of being regarded or treated as more important than others54.proficiency: 熟练，精通a high degree of competence or skill; expertise55.cage: 笼子a structure of bars or wires in which birds, animals, or prisoners are confined56.collar: 领子，项圈the part around the neck of a shirt, blouse, jacket, or coat, either upright or turned over and generally shaped to fit closely57.flea collar: 杀虱项圈a collar worn by pets that contains insecticides to kill or repel fleas58.finance: 财务，金融the management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large companies59.receipt: 收据，收条a written acknowledgment that something has been received, typically including the date, the amount of money, or the goods received60.certificate: 证书an official document attesting a certain fact, proficiency, or completion of a program or course of study61.employer: 雇主a person or organization that employs people62.desert: 沙漠，荒漠a barren area of land, especially one with little precipitation, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation63.acquire: 获得，取得buy or obtain (an asset or object) for oneself64.Marie Curie: 玛丽·居里a Polish-born French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity and was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize65.The Communist Manifesto: 《共产党宣言》a political pamphlet written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, first published in 1848, that presents the goals and principles of communism66.Olivia: 奥利维亚a feminine given name of Latin origin, meaning "olive tree"67.PETS (Public English Test System): 公共英语考试系统a standardized English language proficiency test administered in China。
ps评分标准-港大建议
Personal Statement Grading CriteriaIntermediate Writing ENGL110015Fall 2007Paragraph 1 – Introduction 16%•Early Motivation 8o Explains how you developed a serious interest in the field. This section should show that your interest runs deeper than idle curiosity or even amateur interest. If well-written, this section should make it obvious why you chose your major.•Later Motivation 8o Explains why you want to pursue a career in this field. Like early motivation, if this section is well-written, your career choice will be obvious to the reader.Paragraphs 2 & 3 – Research/Fieldwork/Professional Experience 24% •Demonstrates motivation 8 (per paragraph)o Explains significance of the work 5§Explain how the work is significant to you. Why is it worth doing? How is it meaningful? o Explains what is interesting about the work 3§Is there anything enjoyable in the process? Have you solved interesting puzzles? Have you done interesting things?•Demonstrates expertise/qualifications 4 (per paragraph)o Goes into enough detail to show that you know what you are talking about. If the only evidence that you know anything about the field is a list of course names and professors, then that is problematic. Whether discussing your research or coursework, explain some aspect in sufficient detail to show that you know more than the course catalogue.Paragraph 4 – Future Plans 12%•Shows specific areas of interest 4o For those on a purely academic track, this entire paragraph will consist of your specific research interests. These interests should be sufficiently advanced that one could not realistically pursue them as a hobby. Saying that you want to be a professor is unnecessary.•Shows why this advanced degree is needed 4o For tho se applying for a master’s program or a degree program that does not lead to a professorship, you will need to explain why you want to get this degree. What will you do after obtaining the degree?•Shows long-term plans 2o Those outside the purely academic track should also outline their long-term plans. Once you are established in your career, what will you do? In other words, let the department know that you intend to do great things.Paragraph 5 – Conclusion 18%•Explain why this school, this department.o Shows how your research interests match the department (8)§This is the best reason you can give for choosing this department. Make sure you state yourinterests specifically enough to narrow it down to this department, but broad enough to cover several professors.o Shows that you are a match for specific professors (more than one) (10)§This is where you show that you have done your homework, and actually know what the professors actually do. Show that your research interests match theirs.Grammar 10%-1% per error (Grammar score cannot go below 0)Spelling 10%-1% per error (Spelling score cannot go below 0)Usage 10%-1% per incorrect usage (usage score cannot go below 0)-0.5% per awkward usage (usage score cannot go below 0)。
宁波大学德语专业培养方案及教学计划
宁波大学德语专业培养方案及教学计划一、培养目标本专业培养具有扎实的德语语言基础知识、专业技能和文化素质，能在外事、经贸、金融、德资企业、文化、教育、科研、港务、旅游等部门从事翻译、商务、教学、研究、管理工作，同时兼备高度社会责任感和高尚思想品德的复合型、应用型高级德语专门人才。
二、培养基本规格与要求本专业主要培养学生熟练的德语听、说、读、写、译能力和跨文化交际能力；掌握德语语言学、文学基础知识；对德语国家社会和文化有较广泛的了解；具备外事、外贸、工商、计算机应用等方面的基本知识和技能；具有第二外国语（英语）较高的实际应用能力；具有较强的德语基本理论知识、较强的德语应用能力和较宽的专业知识面，具有较强的就业、社会适应能力和创新能力。
三、核心课程1.学位课程德语语言文学模块：中级德语4、高级德语1、德语文学作品选读2、德译汉商务德语模块：中级德语4、高级德语1、商务德语2、德译汉德英双语模块：中级德语4、高级德语1、中级英语2、德译汉2.主要课程学科大类、专业教育平台：基础德语、中级德语、高级德语、德语阅读、德语视听、德语口语、德语写作。
德语语言文学模块：德语语言学导论、德语文学作品选读、德译汉、汉译德。
商务德语模块：商务德语、科技德语、德译汉、德语文学作品选读、汉译德。
德英双语模块：中级英语、英语听说、德译汉、德语文学作品选读、德语文学史。
四、学制与毕业要求1、学制：四年，实行弹性学年制，最长学习年限为6年。
2、毕业最低学分：毕业最低总学分为164学分。
五、授予学位及要求符合《宁波大学普通全日制本科生学士学位授予工作细则》规定，可授予文学学士学位。
六、各类课程设置及学分分配要求1.各类课程结构的设置说明本专业课程结构的设置及学分要求如下：通识教育课程34学分、学科大类教育平台课程(非外语类)15学分、专业技能课程59学分、专业知识课程30学分、相关专业知识课程12学分、专业实践性课程14学分、任意选修课8学分及创新创业训练计划4学分2.学分分配汇总表3. 实践性教学学分分配一览七、德语专业课程设置总表注：从英语、日语或德语板块中选定一个板块，该板块课程必须全部修读；其它板块课程可作为任意选修课修读。
great writing教材教学大纲
great writing教材教学大纲
《Great Writing》教材教学大纲主要包括以下内容：
1. 教学目标：帮助学生掌握良好的英语写作技能，提高写作水平。
2. 教学内容：包括写作的基本要素、写作技巧、不同文体的写作方法等。
3. 教学安排：
第一阶段：基础写作（Basic Writing）。
本阶段主要教授写作的基本要素，如语法、句子结构、段落组织等。
学生将学习如何清晰、准确地表达自己的思想，并掌握基本的写作技巧。
第二阶段：中级写作（Intermediate Writing）。
本阶段主要教授不同文体的写作方法，如说明文、议论文、记叙文等。
学生将学习如何根据不同的目的和读者进行有效的写作，并进一步提高写作技巧。
第三阶段：高级写作（Advanced Writing）。
本阶段主要教授专业写作，如学术论文、商业文案等。
学生将学习如何进行深入的论证、分析、批判性思维等，并进一步提高写作技巧。
4. 教学方法：采用多种教学方法，包括讲解、示范、练习、反馈等，以帮助学生掌握良好的英语写作技能。
5. 教学评估：通过学生的作品进行评价，以评估学生的学习成果和写作水平。
总之，《Great Writing》教材教学大纲旨在帮助学生掌握良好的英语写作技能，提高写作水平，为未来的学习和职业生涯打下坚实的基础。
pet 剑桥通用英语五级系列英语证书考试的第二级
pet 剑桥通用英语五级系列英语证书考试的第二级全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The PET (Preliminary English Test) is the second level in the Cambridge English exams. It is suitable for students who have a good understanding of the basics of English and are able to communicate in everyday situations. The PET exam is designed to test a student's ability to use English in real-life situations, such as shopping, travelling, and socializing.The PET exam consists of four papers: Reading and Writing, Listening, Speaking, and Use of English. Each paper is designed to assess a different aspect of a student's English language skills. The Reading and Writing paper tests a student's ability to read and understand written English, as well as write a short essay or summary. The Listening paper assesses a student's ability to understand spoken English in a variety of different accents and contexts. The Speaking paper tests a student's ability to communicate verbally in English, through a series of interactive tasks with an examiner. The Use of English paper focuses on grammar and vocabulary, testing a student's ability to use English accurately and appropriately.Preparing for the PET exam requires practice in all four skills areas. Students should practice reading and writing in English, listening to spoken English, speaking in English with others, and studying grammar and vocabulary. There are many resources available to help students prepare for the PET exam, including textbooks, online practice tests, and study guides.Taking the PET exam can be a valuable experience for students looking to improve their English language skills. It provides a clear benchmark of a student's ability in English, and can be a useful qualification for work, study, or travel. Passing the PET exam demonstrates that a student has a solid foundation in English and is able to communicate effectively in a variety of everyday situations.In conclusion, the PET exam is an important stepping stone in a student's English language learning journey. By preparing for and taking the PET exam, students can improve their English language skills and gain a valuable qualification that can open up new opportunities for them in the future.篇2PET, the Preliminary English Test, is a globally recognized certification offered by Cambridge English Language Assessment.It is the second level in the Cambridge English exams series and is designed for learners who have a basic understanding of English and can communicate in everyday situations.The PET exam assesses the four language skills: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. It is a great way for students to demonstrate their English language proficiency and can open up many opportunities for them, whether it be for work, study, or travel.The listening section of the PET exam consists of four parts where students will listen to a series of recordings and answer questions based on what they hear. The reading section tests students' comprehension skills through a variety of texts, including multiple-choice questions, gap-filling exercises, and matching tasks.The writing component requires students to write a short message or letter, an informal email, and a short essay on a given topic. This section evaluates students' ability to communicate clearly and effectively in writing.The speaking test is conducted face-to-face with an examiner and assesses students' ability to engage in a conversation, express their opinions, and communicate in various situations. It includes tasks such as describing a photo,comparing and contrasting two pictures, and participating in a discussion with the examiner.Preparing for the PET exam requires practice and dedication. Students can benefit from studying vocabulary and grammar, practicing with sample tests, and working on their speaking and listening skills through conversation practice with a teacher or language partner.Achieving a PET certification can be a significant milestone for English learners and can boost their confidence in using the language. It can also be a valuable addition to a resume or college application, demonstrating a certain level of English proficiency to potential employers or educational institutions.In conclusion, the PET exam is an important step for English learners on their language learning journey. By obtaining this certification, students can prove their language skills and open up new opportunities for themselves. It is a challenging but rewarding experience that can help learners improve their English and achieve their goals.篇3The Cambridge English: Preliminary (PET) exam is the second level in the Cambridge English language exams series. It is aimedat intermediate level English learners and is designed to test their ability to communicate effectively in everyday situations.The PET exam consists of four papers: Reading and Writing, Listening, Speaking, and Use of English. Each paper assesses a different language skill and contributes to the overall score.The Reading and Writing paper consists of three parts. Part 1 involves reading a series of short texts and answeringmultiple-choice questions. Part 2 requires candidates to read a longer text and complete sentences with appropriate words. Part 3 involves writing a short text of around 100 words based on a given prompt.The Listening paper consists of four parts. Part 1 involves listening to short conversations and answering multiple-choice questions. Part 2 requires candidates to listen to a longer conversation and match sentences to speakers. Part 3 involves listening to multiple speakers and matching speakers to statements. Part 4 involves listening to a longer monologue and answering multiple-choice questions.The Speaking paper consists of four parts. Part 1 involves answering questions about familiar topics. Part 2 involves speaking about a given topic for one minute. Part 3 involves acollaborative task with a partner. Part 4 involves answering more abstract questions related to the topic of Part 2.The Use of English paper consists of four parts. Part 1 involves completing multiple-choice cloze exercises. Part 2 involves completing open cloze exercises. Part 3 involves rewriting sentences using a given word. Part 4 involves multiple-choice exercises testing knowledge of grammar and vocabulary.Overall, the PET exam is designed to test candidates' ability to communicate effectively in English in a variety of everyday situations. Passing the PET exam demonstrates that a candidate has achieved a level of English proficiency that allows them to function independently in an English-speaking environment. It is recognized by employers and educational institutions around the world as a reliable indicator of English language ability.。
牛津大学英语教材代码
牛津大学英语教材代码牛津大学英语教材是广泛应用于全球英语学习领域的优质教材之一。
为了方便学生和教师进行辨识和使用，每套教材都有独特的代码。
本文将为您介绍牛津大学英语教材的代码以及它们的特点。
一、初级教材1. Code: OUP-EL-101Title: English for BeginnersLevel: A1Description: 该教材适用于初学者，以简单易懂的方式教授基础的英语词汇和语法知识。
通过各种实用的对话和练习，帮助学生快速入门。
2. Code: OUP-EL-102Title: Basic English CommunicationLevel: A2Description: 这套教材专注于提高学生的口语交流能力，以日常生活及工作场景为背景，教授实用的词汇和句型，帮助学生更流利地表达自己。
二、中级教材1. Code: OUP-EL-201Title: Intermediate English GrammarLevel: B1Description: 该教材主要注重中级英语语法的学习和应用，通过大量例句和练习，帮助学生掌握更复杂的语法结构和用法。
2. Code: OUP-EL-202Title: Practical English WritingLevel: B2Description: 这套教材专注于提升学生的写作能力，包括各种常见写作任务，如邮件、报告和文章写作。
通过范文分析和写作指导，帮助学生写出流畅且有逻辑的英文作文。
三、高级教材1. Code: OUP-EL-301Title: Advanced English VocabularyLevel: C1Description: 该教材侧重于扩展学生的词汇量，介绍高级词汇和短语的用法，并通过各种活动和练习帮助学生提高词汇记忆和运用能力。
2. Code: OUP-EL-302Title: Academic English SkillsLevel: C2Description: 这套教材旨在培养学生在学术环境中的英语能力，包括听力、口语、阅读和写作。
计算机专业英语(5)
CoUnit 5 Programming Language·59·conversation.Jerry: Please have a seat, Tom. Tom: Thanks.Jerry: Well, Tom, what kind of education have you got?Tom: I studied computer science in Zhejiang University, and got a B. S. degree. Jerry: OK, what specialized courses did you take?Tom: The specialized courses I completed include computer science, operation systems, Java, OOA&OOD, software engineering, etc.Jerry: What kind of experience have you got for the job? Tom: I've been a computer programmer for more than two years. Jerry: What kind of software do you have a good command of? Tom: 、JS and Photoshop, etc. Jerry: Well, can you start next Monday? Tom: Sure.Jerry: That’s settled then.TASK II TEXT AIntroduction to ProgrammingLanguageFigure 5.1 Types of Programming Language计算机专业英语·60·instruction[in5strQkFEn ] n . 指令 symbolic[sim5bClik ] adj . 象征的，象征性的assembly language 汇编语言variable[5vAriEbl ] n . 变量higher-level language 高级语言 compiler[kEm5pailE ] n . 编译器abstract[5AbstrAkt ] adj . 抽象的 execution[7eksi5kju:FEn ] n . 执行source code 源代码utility[ju5tiliti ] n . 实用text editor 文本编辑器 notation[nEu5teiFEn ] n . 记号， 标记A programming language is a language used to write instructions for the computer. It lets the programmer express data processing in a symbolic manner without regard to machine-specific details.The difficulty of writing programs in the machine language of 0s and 1s led first to the development of assembly language , which allows programmers to use mnemonics for instructions and symbols for variables . Such programs are then translated by a program known as an assembler into the binary encoding used by the computer.Assembly language was found to be sufficiently inconvenient that higher-level languages (closer to natural languages) were invented in the 1950s for easier, faster programming; along with them came the need for compilers , programs that translate high-level language programs into machine code (See Figure 5.1).As programming languages became more powerful and abstract , building efficient compilers that create high-quality code in terms of execution speed and storage consumption became an interesting computer science problem in itself.A compiler is a computer program that translates source code into object code. Software engineers write source code using high-level programming languages that people can understand. Computers can’t directly execute source code, but need a compiler to translate these instructions into a low-level language called machine code.Software designers create new programs by using special applications programs, often called utility programs or development programs. A programmer uses another type of program called a text editor to write the new program in a special notation called a programming language. With the text editor, the programmer creates a text file, which is an ordered list of instructions, also called the program source file. The individual instructions that make up the program source file are called source code. At this point, a special applications program translates the source code into machine language, or object code —a format that the operating system will recognize as aUnit 5 Programming Language·61·set[set ] n . 集合separately[5sepEritli ] adv .分别地，单独地debugger[di:5bQ^E ] n . 调试器 detect[di5tekt ] v . 检测intermediate[7intE5mi:djEt ] adj .中间的interpreter[in5tE:pritE ] n . 解释器proper program and be able to execute.Programs are often written as a set of smaller pieces, with each piece representing some aspect of the overall application program. After each piece has been compiled separately , a program called a linker combines all of the translated pieces into a single executable program.Programs seldom work correctly the first time, so a program called a debugger is often used to help find problems called bugs. Debugging programs usually detect an event in the executing program and point the programmer back to the origin of the event in the program code.Recent programming systems, such as Java, use a combination of approaches to create and execute programs. A compiler takes a Java source program and translates it into an intermediate form. Such intermediate programs are then transferred over the Internet into computers where an interpreter program then executes the intermediate form as an application program.ExercisesI. March each of the following terms to its equivalent(s).II. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text. 1.allows programmers to use mnemonics for instructions and symbols for .2.A compiler is a computer program that translates into .3. Software designers create new programs by using special applications programs, often called or .计算机专业英语·62·4. After each piece has been compiled separately, a program called a combines all of the translated pieces into a single program.5. Programs seldom work correctly the first time, so a program called a is often used to help find problems called bugs.III. Mark the following sentences with true or false according to the passage.1. The difficult of writing programs in the machine language of 0s and 1s led first to the development of high-level language.( ) 2. The machine language allows programmers to use mnemonics for instructions and symbols for variables. ( ) 3. Assembly language was invented in the 1950s for easier, faster programming, along with them came the need for compilers.( ) 4. Computers need a compiler to translate source code into a low-level language called machine code. A compiler is a computer program. ( ) 5. A programmer uses a text editor to write the new program in a special notation called aprogramming language.( )IV. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese.A computer program is a set of instructions that directs a computer to perform some processing function or combination of functions. For the instructions to be carried out, a computer must execute a program, that is, the computer reads the program, and then follows the steps encoded in the program in a precise order until completion. A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon the options and data that the user gives the computer.TASK III TEXT BBasics of Object-OrientedProgrammingFigure 5.2 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)Unit 5 Programming Language·63·object-oriented 面向对象的inheritance[in5heritEns ] n . 继承package[5pAkidV ] n . 包state[steit ] n . 状态 behavior[bi5heivjE ] n . 行为 field [fi:ld ]n . 字段 method[5meWEd ] n . 方法instance[5instEns ] n .例子，实例definition[7defi5niFEn ] n . 定义gear[^iE ] n . 齿轮If you've never used an object-oriented programming language before, you'll need to learn a few basic concepts before you can begin writing any code. This lesson will introduce you to objects, class, inheritance, interface, and package (See Figure 5.2). Each discussion focuses on how these concepts relate to the real world.What Is an Object?An object is a software bundle of related state and behavior. Software objects are often used to model the real-world objects that you find in everyday life: your dog, your desk, your television set, your bicycle. They consist of state and related behavior. An object stores its state in fields (variables in some programming languages) and exposes its behavior through methods (functions in some programming languages).What Is a Class?In the real world, you'll often find many individual objects are of the same kind. There may be thousands of other bicycles in existence, all of the same make and model. Each bicycle was built from the same set of blueprints and therefore contains the same components. In object-oriented terms, we say that your bicycle is an instance of the class of objects known as bicycles. A class is the blueprint from which individual objects are created.Class's definition can be divided into interface and impleme- ntation. Interface describes class as an abstraction, what client needs to know. Implementation is the internals, only used by implementer.What Is Inheritance?Different kinds of objects often have a certain amount in common with each other.Object-oriented programming allows classes to inherit commonly used state and behavior from other classes.Mountain bikes, road bikes, and tandem bikes, for example, all share the characteristics of bicycles (current speed, current pedal cadence, and current gear). Yet each also defines additional features that make them different: tandem bicycles have two seats and two sets of handlebars; road bikes have drop handlebars; some mountain bikes have an additional chain ring, giving them a lower gear ratio.What Is an Interface?An interface is a contract between a class and the outside world.计算机专业英语·64·publish[5pQbliF ] vt .&vi . 出版，公布namespace[5neim speis ] n .命名空间logical[5lCdVikEl ] adj . 逻辑的encapsulate[en5kApsE7leit ] vt .封装Polymorphism [pCli5mC:fizEm ] n .多态性When a class implements an interface, it promises to provide the behavior published by that interface.In its most common form, an interface is a group of related methods with empty bodies. A bicycle's behavior, if specified as an interface, might appear as follows:interface Bicycle {void changeCadence(int newValue); // wheel revolutions per minutevoid changeGear(int newValue); void speedUp(int increment); void applyBrakes(int decrement); }What Is a Package?A package is a namespace for organizing classes and interfaces in a logical manner. Placing your code into packages makes large software projects easier to manage.The features of object-oriented programming include: (1)encapsulation (data hiding).(2)inheritance (derived classes inherit attributes and methods from base classes).(3)polymorphism (meaning of a message depends on class of recipient).ExercisesI. March each of the following terms to its equivalent(s).Unit 5 Programming Language·65·II. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text.1. The basic concepts of object-oriented programming include , class, , interface, and .2. An object stores its state in (variables in some programming languages) and exposes its behavior through (functions in some programming languages).3. Object-oriented programming allows classes to commonly used state and behavior from other classes.4.In its most common form, an interface is a group of related methods with empty . 5. A package is a(an) for organizing classes and interfaces in a manner. III. Mark the following sentences with true or false according to the passage.1. Software objects are often used to model the real-world objects that you find in everyday life: your desk, your classmates, your bicycle.( ) 2. In object-oriented terms, we say that your bicycle is a class of the instance of objects known as bicycles. A class is the blueprint from which individual objects are created. ( ) 3. Object-oriented programming allows classes to inherit commonly used state and behavior from other classes.( ) 4. A package is a namespace for organizing classes and interfaces in a logical manner. Placing code into packages can’t make large software projects easier to manage. ( ) 5. The features of object-oriented programming include encapsulation, inheritance, andpolymorphism.( )IV. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese.The Java platform provides an enormous class library (a set of packages) suitable for use in your own applications. This library is known as the "Application Programming Interface", or "API" for short. Its packages represent the tasks most commonly associated with general-purpose programming. For example, a String object contains state and behavior for character strings; a file object allows a programmer to easily create, delete, inspect, compare, or modify a file on the file system; various GUI objects control buttons and checkboxes and anything else related to graphical user interfaces. There are literally thousands of classes to choose from. This allows you, the programmer, to focus on the design of your particular application, rather than the infrastructure required to make it work.TASK IV Writing TrainingNotice通知是上级对下级，组织对个人发出通知、下达指示、提出要求的一种应用文体；启事是个人对公众、组织对公众发布信息的一种文件，在英文表述上大体一样。
中国英语写作能力量表
中国英语写作能力量表Title: Proficiency Scale for English Writing in ChinaIntroduction:English writing is an essential skill that plays a significant role in communication and academic achievement. As English becomes increasingly important in various domains, evaluating and measuring students' writing proficiency has become crucial. In this article, we will explore the "Proficiency Scale for English Writing in China," which aims to assess and enhance students' English writing skills.1. Foundation Level:The foundation level of the proficiency scale focuses on fundamental writing skills. At this stage, students are expected to demonstrate a basic understanding of grammar rules, vocabulary usage, and sentence structure. They should be able to write simple sentences, short paragraphs, and basic narratives.2. Intermediate Level:The intermediate level emphasizes the development of more complex writing skills. Students at this stage should be able to construct well-organized paragraphs and express their opinions clearly. They should understand various writing formats and be able to write essays, letters, and reports effectively.3. Advanced Level:The advanced level of the proficiency scale targets students who have mastered advanced writing skills. At this stage, students should be able to write coherent and cohesive essays, research papers, and formal reports. They should demonstrate a strong command of grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure. Additionally, they should be able to employ critical thinking and effectively support their arguments.4. Mastery Level:The mastery level represents the highest level of English writing proficiency. Students at this stage possess exceptional skills in crafting complex and sophisticated academic and professional documents. They are capable of producing well-structured, logical, and persuasive essays, research papers, and other scholarly works. Their writing exhibits a high level of fluency, accuracy, and creativity.Benefits of the Proficiency Scale for English Writing:1. Clear Assessment Criteria:The proficiency scale provides a clear framework for evaluating students' writing abilities. It helps educators establish consistent standards, ensuring fairness and objectivity in the assessment process.2. Personalized Learning:By using the proficiency scale, teachers can identify students' strengths and weaknesses in writing and tailor their instruction accordingly. This personalized approach allows students to focus on the specific areas that need improvement, ultimately enhancing their overall writing skills.3. Enhanced Communication Skills:Improving English writing proficiency enables students to express themselves clearly and effectively in both academic and professional settings. This will contribute to better communication with people from different cultural backgrounds, fostering international understanding and collaboration.4. Academic and Career Advancement:Strong English writing skills are highly valued by universities and employers alike. Students who excel in English writing have a competitive edge in academic admissions and professional opportunities. The proficiency scale provides a benchmark for students to assess their readiness for higher education or career advancement.Conclusion:The "Proficiency Scale for English Writing in China" serves as an invaluable tool for evaluating and enhancing students' English writing abilities. By establishing clear assessment criteria and offering personalized learning opportunities, the scale helps students progress from basic writing skills to advanced proficiency. Developing strong English writing skills not only fosters effective communication but also opens doors to academic and career success.。
飞博k12教材目录 20180910
飞博K12课程–类别目录一、听口综合1、小童星Gogo Star 幼儿园，4-6岁2、剑桥少儿英语Cambridge Young Learners English (CYLE) 幼儿园至小学5年级，4-11岁3、剑桥国际少儿英语Kid’s Box (KB) 第一版剑桥国际少儿英语Kid’s Box (KB) 新版（开发中）小学，6-12岁小学，6-12岁4、新概念英语第1册 New Concept English (NCE1) 第一版新概念英语第1册 New Concept English (NCE1) 第二版（开发中）小学3年级至初中2年级，9-14岁小学3年级至初中2年级，9-14岁5、新概念英语第2册 New Concept English (NCE2) 第一版新概念英语第2册 New Concept English (NCE2) 第二版（开发中）初中2年级至高中3年级，14-18岁初中2年级至高中3年级，14-18岁6、新概念英语青少版 New Concept English Junior 1A, 1B（其他级别开发中）小学3年级至4年级，9-10岁7、剑桥国际英语教程青少版Connect 初中，13-15岁8、朗文国际英语线上口语Side by Side 小学4年级至初中，10-15岁9、公立校外研社版FLTRP 小学1年级至高中3年级，6-18岁10、公立校人教版PEP 小学3年级至高中3年级，9-18岁11、看听学3L- Look Listen and Learn 小学3年级至5年级，9-11岁12、牛津少儿英语Let’s Go! 小学4年级至6年级，10-12岁二、自然拼读17、魔法拼读 Magic Phonics 幼儿园至小学3年级，4-9岁18、自然拼读(速成版) Phonics 幼儿园至小学3年级，4-9岁19、少儿预备级Get Ready 幼儿园至小学3年级，4-9岁三、阅读13、绘本阅读Wise Reading 小学3年级至初中，9-15岁14、世界历史History 高中，16-18岁四、写作15、初级写作 Initial Writing 小学6年级至初中，12-15岁16、中级写作Intermediate Writing 初中和高中，13-18岁五、应试20、三一口语GESE (3-9级) 小学3年级至高中，9-18岁21、剑桥五级证书口语备考第1级 KET 小学4年级至初中1年级，10-13岁22、剑桥五级证书口语备考第2级 PET 小学5年级至初中3年级，11-15岁23、剑桥五级证书口语备考第3级 FCE 小学5年级至高中，11-18岁24、剑桥五级证书口语备考测试版1级KET 小学4年级至初中1年级，10-13岁25、剑桥五级证书口语备考测试版2级PET 小学5年级至初中3年级，11-15岁26、美国高中口语入学面试短训 International High School EntranceInterview初中，13-15岁27、中国高考口语能力测评课 Sprinting Speaking 高中，16-18岁28、中国高考听说能力测评课Sprinting Listening&Speaking 高中，16-18岁29、美国高考读写备考 SAT 高中，16-18岁31、雅思口语备考IELTS 高中，16-18岁六、主题课/短期课32、爆款体验课Lightning （K2, A, B, C）幼儿园至小学，4-12岁33、学唱英文歌Super Songs 小学1 至3年级，7-9岁34、口语短训课 English Corner 小学1至4年级，7-10岁35、中西方节日 Chinese and Western Festivals 小学1至4年级，7-10岁36、趣味英语Delish English 初中和高中，13-18岁37、旅行口语Travel 初中和高中，13-18岁38、交换生短训Exchange students 高中，16-18岁39、西方话题Western Outlook 高中，16-18岁一、剑桥剑桥少儿英语Cambridge Young Learners English (CYLE) 幼儿园至小学5年级，4-11岁剑桥国际少儿英语Kid’s Box (KB) 小学，6-12岁剑桥国际英语教程青少版Connect 初中，13-15岁剑桥五级证书口语备考第1级 (KET) 小学4年级至初中1年级，10-13岁剑桥五级证书口语备考第2级 (PET) 小学5年级至初中3年级，11-15岁剑桥五级证书口语备考第3级 (FCE) 小学5年级至高中，11-18岁二、新概念新概念英语第1册 New Concept English (NCE) 小学3年级至初中2年级，9-14岁新概念英语第2册New Concept English (NCE) 初中2年级至高中，14-18岁新概念英语青少版 New Concept English Junior 1A, 1B小学3年级至4年级，9-10岁三、公立校公立校外研社版FLTRP 小学1年级至高中3年级，6-18岁公立校人教版PEP 小学3年级至高中3年级，9-18岁四、其他朗文国际英语线上口语Side by Side 小学4年级至初中，10-15岁看听学3L- Look Listen and Learn 小学3年级至5年级，9-11岁牛津少儿英语Let’s Go! 小学4年级至6年级，10-12岁应试三一口语(3-9级)GESE 小学3年级至高中，9-18岁初中和高中，13-18岁美国高中口语入学面试短训 International High School EntranceInterview中国高考口语能力测评课Sprinting Speaking 高中，16-18岁美国高考读写备考SAT 高中，16-18岁托福听说模拟TOEFL 高中，16-18岁雅思口语备考IELTS 高中，16-18岁阅读绘本阅读Wise Reading 小学3年级至初中，9-15岁世界历史History 高中，16-18岁写作初级写作 Initial Writing 小学6年级至初中，12-15岁中级写作 Intermediate Writing 初中和高中，13-18岁主题课/短期课爆款体验课Lightning （K2, A, B, C）幼儿园至小学，4-12岁学唱英文歌Super Songs 小学1至3年级，6-9岁口语短训课 English Corner 小学1至4年级，6-9岁中西方节日 Chinese and Western Festivals 小学1至4年级，6-9岁趣味英语Delish English 初中和高中，13-18岁旅行口语Travel 初中和高中，13-18岁交换生短训Exchange students 高中，16-18岁西方话题Western Outlook 高中，16-18岁小童星Gogo Star飞博类别：听口综合适用年龄：幼儿园，3-6岁课程简介该课程适合3-6岁幼儿园儿童，内容为字母、与主题相关的词汇和句型。
I-show中级班文本
I-show 中级班文本Intermediate 1-1M:Oh, I’m really sorry, are you OK?W:I’m fine, but I’M not very good at this.M:Neither am I, say are you from south America? Did you grow up there?W:Yes, I did, but my family moved here 8years ago when I was in high school.M:And where did you learn the rollerblade?W:Here in the park, this is only my second time.M:Well, it’s my first time, can you give me some lessons?W:Sure, just follow me.M:By the way, my name is Ted.W:And I’m Anna, nice to meet you.Intermediate 1-2M:Hey, hey! That was fun. Thanks for the lesson!W:No problem. So, tell me a little about yourself. What do you do?M:I work in a travel agency.W:Really! What do you do here?M:I’m in charge of their computers.W:Oh, so you’re computer specialist.M:Well, sort of. Yeah, I guess so.W:That’s great. Then maybe you can give me some help with a computer course I’m taking.M:Oh, sure~ But only if you promise to give me some more rollerblading lessons.W:It’s a deal!Intermediate 2W1:Where are you from originally, Yu Hong?W2:I’m from China~ from near Shanghai.W1:And when did you move here?W2:I came here after I graduated from college. That was in 1992.W1:And what do you do now?W2:I’m a transportation engineer.W1:I see. So you’re an immigrant to the United States.W2:Yes, that’s right.W1:What are some of the difficulties of being an immigrant in the U.S.?W2:Oh, that’s not an easy question to answer. There are so many things, really.I guess one of thebiggest difficulty is that I don’t have any relatives here. I mean, I have a lot of friends, but that’snot the same thing. In China, on holidays or the weekend, we visit relatives. It isn’t the samehere.W1:And what did you miss the most from home?W2:Oh, that’s easy: my mom’s soup! She makes great soup! I really miss my mother’s cooking.Intermediate 3-1M:Hey! Are these pictures of you when you were a kid?W:Yeah! That’s me in front of my uncle’s beach house. When I was a kid, we used to spend twoweeks there every summer.M:Wow, I bet that was fun!W:Yeah. We always had a great time. Every day we used to get up early and walk along the beach.I had a great shell collection. In fact, I think it’s still up in the attic!M:Hey, I used to collect shells, too, when I was a kid. But my parents threw them out!Intermediate 3-2M:You know what I remember most about growing up?W:What?M:Visiting my grandparent’s house. You know, on holidays and stuff. They lived way out of thecountry, and my granddad had a horse named Blackie. He taught me how to ride. I just love thathorse-and she loved me, too! I used to really enjoy spending time at my grandparents’house.And every time I came back, Blackie remembered me.W:Ah, memories!Intermediate 4-1W:Why is there never a bus when you want one?M:Good question. There aren’t enough buses on this route.W:Sometimes I feel like writing a letter to the paper.M:Good idea. You should say that we need more subway lines, too.W:Yeah, there should be more public transportation in general.M:And fewer cars! There’re too much traffic.W:Say, is that our bus coming?M:Yes, it is. But, look, it’s full.W:Oh,no! Let’s go and get a cup of coffee. We can talk about this letter I’m going to write.Intermediate 4-2M:So, are you really going to write a letter to the paper?W:Sure, I’m going to say something about the buses. They’re too old. We need more modernbuses~ nice air conditioned ones.M:And they need to put more buses on the road.W:Right, and there are too many cars downtown, and there isn’t enough parking.M:That’s for sure. It’s impossible to find a parking space downtown these days.W:I think they should ban private cars downtown between nine and five.M:Oh, you mean they should allow any cars except taxis and buses during regular workday?M:Hmm~ That sounds like a really good idea.Intermediate 5-1W:Excuse me, could you tell me where the bank is?M:There’s one upstairs, across from the duty-free shop.W:Oh, thanks. Do you know what time it opens?M:It shouldn’t be open now. It opens at 8 a.m.W:Good. And can you tell me how often the buses leave for the city?M:You need to check at the transportation counter. It’s right down the hall.W:OK. And one more thing. Do you know where the nearest restroom is?M:Right behind you, ma’am. See that sign?W:Oh, thanks a lot.Intermediate 5-2W:Excuse me. It’s me again. I’m sorry. I need some more information-if you don’t mind.M:Not at all.W:Thanks. Do you know how much a taxi costs to the city?M:Well, it depends on the traffic, of course. But it usually costs about $40.W:$40? I guess I’ll take the bus. That means I have almost an hour till the next one. Where could Ifind an inexpensive restaurant in the airport? Maybe a fast-food place?M:Go upstairs and turn right. You’ll see the snack bar on your left.W:Thanks very much. Have a nice day!M:You, too.Intermediate 6M:Quite a number of things have been done to help solve traffic problems in Singapore. Forexample, motorists must buy a special pass if they want to drive into the downtown businessdistrict. They can go into the business district only if they have the pass displayed on theirwindshield. Another thing Singapore has done is to make it difficult to buy cars. People have toapply for a certificate if they want to buy a car. And the number of certificates is limited. Noteveryone can get one. There is also a high tax on cars. So it costs three or four times as much tobuy a car in Singapore as it does in, say, the United States or Canada. The other thing Singaporehas done is to build an excellent public transportation system. Their subway system is one of thebest in the world. And there is also a very good and taxi and bus system.Intermediate 7M:What do you think?W1:Well, it has just as many bedrooms as the last apartment. And the living room is huge.W2:But the bedrooms are too small. And there isn’t enough closet space for my clothes. M:And it’s not as cheap as the last apartment we saw.W1:But that apartment was dark and dingy. And it was in a dangerous neighborhood.M:Let’s see if the real estate agent has something else to show us. Well, how do you like thisplace, then?W2:Oh, it’s much better than that other one. The thing I like best is the bedrooms. They are huge!W1:Yes, they are nice and big.W2:And they are two bathrooms! I could have my own bathroom!W1:Yes, I guess you could.W2:The only problem is the color of the living room. I really don’t like those dark green walls.M:Oh, I’m we can change the color if we want to.Intermediate 8-1M:Creative Rentals. Good morning.W:Hello. I’m calling the apartment you have for rent.M:Yes, what can I tell you about it?W:Where is it exactly?M:It’s on King Street, just off the freeway.W:Oh, near the freeway. Can you hear the traffic?M:Yes, I’m afraid you do hear some. But the apartment has lots of space. It has three bedroomsand a very large living room.W:I see. And is it in a new building?M:Well, the building is about 50 years old.W:Uh-huh. Well, I’ll think about it.M:OK, thanks for calling.W:Thank you. Bye.Intermediate 8-2W:Hello?M:Hello. Is the apartment you’re advertising still available?W:Yes, it is.M:Can you tell me a little about it?W:Well, it’s a perfect apartment for one person. It’s one room with a kitchen at one end.M:I see. And is it far away from the subway?W:There’s subway station just down the street. Actually, the apartment is located rightdowntown., so you step out of the building and there are stores and restaurant everywhere. Butit’s on a high floor, so you don’t hear any street or traffic noise.M:It’s sounds just like the kind of place I’m looking for. I’d like to come see it, please.W:Sure, let me give you the address.Intermediate 9-1M:Yeah, I really need a change. I’ve been doing the same thing for over five years now, and I’mjust learning anything new. It’s the same routine every day, and I’m really sick of sitting in front ofthe computer. I think I need to try something totally different. I want to be in a profession thatinvolves meeting people.Intermediate 9-2W:I really need to join a club or sports team to give me something to do on weekends.I get reallybored on the weekends. And if I joined a club, I’d probably get to meet people and make newfriends.Intermediate 9-3M:I should take a typing course this summer. I really need it for my school work. And people saythat if you can type really well, it’s something you’ll find useful later in life.Intermediate 9-4W:Gosh, I really have to go on a diet. I’ve gained ten pounds since last year, and everyone tells me I look fat. And if I don’t lose weight now, I won’t be able to get into any of my summerclothes.Intermediate 10-1M1:So, where are you working now, Terry?M2:Oh, I’m still at the bank. I don’t like it, though.M1:That’s too bad. Why not?M2:Well, it’s boring, and it doesn’t pay very well.M1:I know what you mean. I don’t like my job, either. I wish I could find a better job.M2:Actually, I don’t want to work at all anymore. I wish I had a lot of money so I could retire now.M1:Hmm, how old are you?M2:Uh, twenty-six.Intermediate 10-2M1:So, how are things going with you and Susie, Terry?M2:Oh, you didn’t know? She and I broke up a couple month ago. We decided we needed abreak from each other for a while. But I miss her a lot. I wish we could get back together again.M1:I’m sure you will.M2:I’m really hope so. So what kind of job would you like to look for?M1:I’m not sure, but I’d love something that would involve travel. And I’d really like to move toanother city. I’m sick of this place. I need to live somewhere more exciting.M2:I know what you mean. It sure can get boring around here at times.Intermediate 11-1W:Hey, this sounds good, snails with garlic! Have you ever eaten snails?M:No, I haven’t.W:Oh, there are delicious! I had them last time. Like to try some?M:No, thanks, they sounds strange.W2(waitress):Have you decided on an appetizer yet?W:Yes, I’ll have the snails, please.W2:And you, sir?M:I think I’ll have the fried brains.W:Fried brains? Now that really sounds strange!Intermediate 11-2W:Oh, good, here comes the waitress now!W2:Here are your snails, madam. And for you, sir~ the fried brains.M:Thank you.W:Mmm, the snails are delicious! How are the brains?M:Well, I think they’re~ yuck! Oh, sorry, I guess brains are pretty strange after all. Um, I think I’mgoing to order something else, if you don’t mind.W:Oh, sure. Go ahead.M:Miss! Excuse miss!W2:Yes?M:Uh, I really don’t care for this appetizer. Could you bring me something else?W2:Yes, of course. What would you like instead?W:Try the snails.M:No, I don’t think so. I’ll tell you what. Just forget an appetizer for me, and bring me a nice, juicyhamburger~ medium rare~ with French fries and a large soda.Intermediate 11-3W1:Have you finished with this?M1:No, I’m still drinking it, thanks.M2:Did you order this?W2:Yes, that’s mine. Mmm, it looks great and smells delicious!M3:Don’t you like it?W3:I haven’t tasted it yet. I’m waiting for the waitress to bring me a fork.M4:Did you enjoy it?W4:Well, it was a little tough. I think it was cooked for too long.W5:How is it?M5:Great. Just the way I like it: black and strong.M6:Your turn or mine?M7:It’s my treat this tine. You paid last time. Remember?Intermediate 13-1W1:I’m so excited, we have two weeks off! What are you going to do?W2:I’m not sure. I guess I’ll stay home. Maybe I’ll catch up my reading. What about you? Any plans?W1:Well, my parents have rented a condominium in Florida. I’m going to take long walks along the beach every day and do lots of swimming.W2:Sounds great!W1:Say, why don’t you come with us? We have plenty of room.W2:Do you mean it? I’d love to!Intermediate 13-2M:Have you planed anything for the summer, Brenda?W:Yeah. I’m going to work the first month and save some money. Then I’m going to go down to Mexico for six weeks to stay with my sister. She’s working in Guadalajara. She says it’s really interesting there, so I want to go and see what it’s like. It will also give me a chance to practice my Spanish. I’m really looking forward to it.Intermediate 13-3W1:So, what are you planning to do for your vacation, Judy?W2:Oh, I’m doing something really exotic this year.W1:You know, I went to Hawaii last year, and stayed on the beach for two weeks. This year, I’m going white-water rafting!W2:Oh, that sounds great. But what is it, exactly?W1:Oh, well, you know. It’s in Colorado. They have all these trips down the rapids. The water gets really rough, but I think it’ll be really exciting.W2:Oh, I’m doing some rock climbing, too. And you call that a vacation?Intermediate 14-1M:Hi, I’m your new neighbor, George Rivera. I lived in the next door.W:Oh, hi. I’m Stephanie Lee.M:So, you just moved in? Do you need anything?W:Not right now, but thanks.M:Well, let me know if you do. Um, by the way, would you mind turning your stereo down? Thewalls are really thin, so the sound goes right through to my apartment.W:Oh, I’m sorry, I didn’t realize that. I’ll make sure to keep the volume down. Oh, by the way, isthere a good Italian restaurant in the neighborhood?M:Yeah, there’s a great one a couple of blocks from here. Try their lasagna. It’s delicious!Intermediate 14-2M:Hello, I’m sorry to bother you, but I think your car is parked in my space downstairs.W:Really?M:Yes, do you drive a blue Honda?W:Yes, I do.M:Well, there’s blue Honda parked in space 13 and that’s my space.W:Oh, I’m so sorry. My son must have put it in the wrong space. Ours is the one right next toyours- number 12. Let get my keys, and I’ll go right down and move the car.M:Thanks.W:And I’ll make sure my son doesn’t do it again.M:I appreciate it.Intermediate 15-1M1:Jason~ Jason! Turn down the TV a little, please.M2:Oh, but this is my favorite program!M1:I know, but it’s very loud.M2:OK, I’ll turn it down.M1:That’s better, thanks.W1:Lisa, please pick up your things. They’re all over the living room floor.W2:In a minute, Mom, I’m on the phone.W1:OK, but do it as soon as you hang up.W2:Sure.No problem.W1:Goodness! Were we like this when we were kids?M1:Definitely!Intermediate 15-2M:Have you noticed how forgetful Dad is getting? He’s always forgetting where his car keys are. Itdrives me crazy.W:And he can never find his glasses either.M:I know.W:You know what drives me crazy about Mom?M:What?W:Those awful talk shows she watches on TV. She just love them.M:Yeah, I think she watches them for hours everyday.W:Oh, well~ I guess they’re just getting old. I hope I never get like that.M:Me, too. Hey, let’s go and play a video game.W:Great idea. By the way, have you seen my glasses anywhere?Intermediate 16-1M:Did you know next week is Halloween? It’s on October 31st.W:So what do you do on Halloween? We don’t have that holiday in Russia.M:Well, it’s a day when kids dress up in masks and costumes. They knock on people’s doors andask for candy by saying the words ‘TRICK OR TREAT’.W:Hmm. Sounds interesting.M:But it’s not just for kids. Lots of people have costume parities. Hey, my friend Pete is having aparty. Would you like to go?W:Sure, I’d love to.Intermediate 16-2W:So are we going to wear costumes to the party?M:Of course. That’s half the fun. Last year I rented this great Dracula costume, and this year I’mgoing as a clown.W:A clown? Yes, you would make a good clown.M:Hey!W:Oh, I’m just kidding. What about me? What kind of costume should I wear?M:Why don’t you go as a witch? I saw a terrific which outfit at the costume store.W:A witch~ yeah, that’s a good idea. So after I scare people, you can make them laugh.Intermediate 17W1:You look beautiful in that kimono, Mari. Is this your wedding photo?W2:Yesa, it is.W1:Do most Japanese women wear kimonos when they get married?W2:Yes, many of them do. Then after the wedding ceremony, the bride usually changes into aWestern bridal dress during the reception.W1:Oh, I didn’t know that. Did you get married in a church, Mari?W2:No, the ceremony was held at a shrine.W1:Oh, a shrine~W2:Yes, we were married by a priest in a traditional Shinto ceremony.W1:Hmm. And who went to the ceremony?W2:Well, only the immediate family attended the ceremony~ You know, our parents, grandparents, brothers and sisters~W1:And what about the reception? What was that like?W2:Lots of friends and relatives came to the reception~ about 100 people. And the first thingthat happened was that the main guests gave formal speeches.W1:Speeches?W2:Yes, and then after that, all the guess were served a formal meal. While everyone was eatingand drinking. Lots of other guests gave short speeches or sang songs. Some of thespeeches werefunny.W1:Sounds like fun!W2:Yes, the songs and speeches are all part of the entertainment during the wedding reception.And then, at the end of the reception, each guest received a present for coming to the wedding.W1:A present from the bride and groom?W2:Yes, it’s a Japanese custom.W1:What a nice custom!Intermediate 19-1M:I don’t know what classes to take this semester. I can’t decide what I want to do with my life.Have you thought about it, Brenda?W:Yes, I have. I think I’d make a good journalist because I love writing.M:Maybe I could be a teacher because I’m very creative. And I like working with kids.W:Oh, I wouldn’t want to be a teacher. I’m too impatient.M:I know one thing I could never do.W:What’s that?M:I could never be a stockbroker, because I’m not good at making decisions quickly.Intermediate 19-2W:My history professor says I should think about a career in politics. But I don’t think I’d make agood politician.M:Why not, Brenda?W:Oh, you know me, I’m terrible at speaking in front of a lot of people-You know, like givingspeeches and things. And politicians have to speak in public all the time.M:That’s true. You know, that reminds me of a problem I’m having.W:What is it?M:Yoou know my parents have a really successful restaurant, right? Well, my father wants me tobe the manager.W:And you don’t want to?M:No, not at all. I’d be a terrible manager. I’m much too disorganized. Intermediate20-1Intermediate 20-2W(Tour guide):Let me tell you a little more about the statue before you climb to the top. In caseyou’re wondering what the statue is made of. It has a framework inside that’s made of iron; Theouter skin is made of copper. The copper skin is only2.4 millimeters thick. The supportingframework inside the statue is what holds the whole thing together. The Statue of Liberty is amajor tourist attraction, and every about two million people from all over the world come hereto visit it.Intermediate 21-1M:How did you get into modeling, Stacy?W:Well, when I graduated from drama school, I moved to Los Angeles to look for work as anactress. I was going to auditions every day, but I never got any parts. And I was running out ofmoney.M:So, what did you do?W:I got a job as a waitress in a seafood restaurant. While I was working there, a customer offeredme some work as a model. Within a few weeks, I was modeling full time.M:Wow, what a lucky break!Intermediate 21-2W:So, Richard, what did you do after you graduated？M:Well, I majored in English literature in college.W:Uh-huh.M:So, when I graduated, I tried to make my living as a writer.W:Oh, really?M:Yeah. See. I’ve written a novel. And I’ve sent to eight different publishers, but they all, uh,rejected it. Say, would you like to read it, Stacy? I have it right with me.W:Well, I’d love to read it, Richard~ but not right now. Uh, so do you have a job anything?M:Oh, yes. I’m in sales.W:Oh,! Where?M:Actually, I’m a sales clerk in a hardware store, but when my novel sales, I know I’ll be the bestselling author and I’ll make lots of money.Intermediate 22-1M:Hey, Joan! I haven’t seen you in ages. What have you been doing lately?W:Nothing exciting. I’ve been working two jobs for the last six months.M:How come?W:I’m saving the money for a trip Europe.M:Well, I’ve only been spending money. I quit my job to the graduate school. I’m studyingjournalism.W:Really? How long have you been doing that?M:For two years, luckily, I finish next month. I’m almost out of money.Intermediate 22-2W:Hey, Bob, how’s it going?M:Pretty good, thanks.W:I haven’t seen you for a while. What have you been up to?M:Well, I’ve been looking for a house to buy. I finally found one last month. I’ll move in nextweek.W:Gee, that’s terrific.M:Yeah, I’m really tired of dealing with landlords. So what have you been doing lately?W:Well, I just got back from a vacation in Italy.M:Italy? Where about in Italy?W:Mostly in the north, around Milan. I have a cousin up there.M:I see, did you have a good time?W:Yeah, it was great. In fact, I just got engaged to a guy I met there.M:You’re kidding! Well, that must have been some vacation!Intermediate 23W:Ugh! I feel awful. I really have to stop smoking.M:So why don’t you quit?W:Well, if I quit, I might gain weight!M:A lot of people do, but~W:And if I gain weight, I won’t be able to fit into any of my clothes!M:Well, you can always go on a diet.W:Oh, no. I’m terrible at losing weight diets. So if my clothes don’t fit, I’ll have to buy new ones. I’ll have to get a part-time job, and~M:Listen, it is hard to quit, but it’s not that hard. Do you want to know how I did it? Well, givingup smoking isn’t really as hard as you think. I managed to do it, so it can’t be that difficult. Youshould try nicotine gun. You chew it just regular chewing gun, and you don’t feel like smoking.W:Well, I guess it’s worth a try.Intermediate 24-1W:Welcome to A Night at the Movies! I’m Pauline Kahn~M:And I’m Colin Hale. Good evening!W:Tonight we’re going to review the new James Bond film. Well, I really liked this new JamesBond actor very, very much!M:Mm-hmm.W:He’s the best actor they’re ever had in the role-warm, human, even funny. A totallybelievable character.M:I have to agree, a perfect double-oh- seven type. Pauline, what do you think of the story?W:It was a standard story for a Bond movie~ Uh, the usual beautiful women, the usual evil villain-nothing new.M:Well, I’m surprised. I have to say that I thought the story was unusually good. The race carscenes were exciting , and the surprise ending was great.W:Well, I can’t agree with you there!Intermediate 24-2M:Well, what do you think about the photography?W:I was not very impresses at all by the photography. Everything looks fake, not real. I can’tbelieve it was actually filmed in Africa where the story took place.M:I can’t believe you! I haven’t seen such good photography in a long time, especially in theaction scenes.W:Now that brings up another weakness in the film, the special effects. Again, it just the sameold stuff~ the car that flies, the pen that’s really a gun. You get tired of that kind of thing.M:I’d hardly think you and I saw the same movie, Pauline. I have to say that the special effectswere the best ever in a Bond film. For example, the scene where ~W:Excesu me, Colin. We’re going to have to break for a commercial.M:You’re right, Pauline. We’ll be right back with our ratings.Intermediate 25M:Look at this. Some guy found $750,000! He returned it and the owner thanked him with aphone call.W:You’re kidding! If I found $750,000, I wouldn’t return it so fast.M:Why? What would you do?W:Well, I’d go straight to Las Vegas, and try my luck in the casinos. I could double the money in aday and keep $750,000 for myself.M:You might also lose it all in a day. And then you could go to jail.W:Hmm, you’ve got a point there.Intermediate 28W1:How do you like your new boss?M1:She’s OK. I just wish she’d learn to lighten up a little.W1:What do you mean?M1:Oh, she never enjoys a joke. She never laughs, it’s hard to even get a smile out of her.M2:Look what Mary gave me! Isn’t this a great book?W2:Yeah, it is! Mary’s so sweet. She’s always giving her friends and co-workers presents. I wish there were more people like her in this world.W3:What do you think of the new French teacher?M3:Well, she’s kind of strange. She’s in good mood one minute and in a terrible mood the next.M4:Hey, what’s wrong?W4:I’m fed up with my brother! It seems as if he’s always angry at me about something.M4:Really?W4:Yeah. He gets upset so easily. I don’t what’s the matter with him.。
英语阅读x计划1到10级
英语阅读x计划1到10级English Reading X-Plan: Levels 1 to 10。
Level 1: Beginner.Focus: Basic vocabulary, sentence structure, and comprehension.Materials: Children's books, simplified newspapers, and online articles with basic vocabulary.Activities: Reading aloud, matching pictures to words, simple comprehension questions.Level 2: Elementary.Focus: Expanding vocabulary, basic grammar, and comprehension of short texts.Materials: Short stories, basic novels, andeducational websites.Activities: Vocabulary building games, summarizing stories, discussing main ideas.Level 3: Intermediate.Focus: Advanced vocabulary, complex sentence structure, and comprehension of longer texts.Materials: Novels, newspapers, and informativearticles.Activities: Vocabulary quizzes, analyzing text structure, writing summaries.Level 4: Upper Intermediate.Focus: Deeper comprehension, understanding of implicit meanings, and analysis of texts.Materials: Literary works, opinion pieces, and in-depth articles.Activities: Debating, critical thinking exercises, comparing and contrasting texts.Level 5: Advanced.Focus: Advanced comprehension, evaluation of texts, and critical analysis.Materials: Academic papers, complex novels, and specialized journals.Activities: Writing essays, evaluating arguments, participating in book clubs.Level 6: Mastery.Focus: Expert comprehension, advanced critical thinking, and original analysis.Materials: Advanced academic texts, technical manuals,and research papers.Activities: Giving presentations, leading discussions, writing critiques.Level 7: Expert.Focus: Proficient reading speed, in-depth understanding of complex texts, and ability to synthesize information.Materials: Specialized books, academic journals, and technical reports.Activities: Conducting research, writing comprehensive reviews, teaching reading skills.Level 8: Professional.Focus: Advanced reading speed, expert comprehension, and ability to apply knowledge to real-world situations.Materials: Industry-specific texts, technical manuals, and advanced research papers.Activities: Participating in conferences, writing professional reports, leading seminars.Level 9: Specialist.Focus: Deep expertise in a specific field, ability to read and understand highly technical and specialized texts.Materials: Technical books, industry journals, and specialized research papers.Activities: Contributing to professional journals, leading technical projects, developing expertise in a narrow field.Level 10: Expertise.Focus: Exceptional comprehension, ability to read and analyze texts in their field of expertise with ease.Materials: Advanced academic texts, research papers, and monographs in a specialized field.Activities: Publishing academic works, contributing to the field of expertise, leading research teams.The English Reading X-Plan covers a range of reading levels, from beginners to experts, providing a structured approach to developing reading skills. Each level focuses on specific areas such as vocabulary, grammar, comprehension, and critical thinking, while the materials and activities are tailored to meet the needs of learners at each level.。
托福评分标准与评分对照表
托福评分标准与评分对照表
托福包含阅读、听力、口语以及写作4项，各项分数可划分不同等级，其中阅读和听力可划分4个等级，分别为高级、中高级、中低级和低级；口语和写作可划分5个等级，分别为高级、中高级、中低级、初级和低级。
此外各单项可按照CEFR等级可划分为CEFR Level A2-C2不等。
以下是托福考试Reading阅读、Listening听力、Speaking口语以及Writing 写作4项技能的分数等级介绍——
一、Reading阅读和Listening听力
1、高级（Advanced）：阅读24-30分，听力22-30分。
2、中高级（High-Intermediate）：阅读18-23分，听力17-21分。
3、中低级（Low-Intermediate）：阅读4-17分，听力9-16分。
4、低级（Below Low-Intermediate）：阅读0-3分，听力0-8分。
二、Speaking口语和Writing写作
1、高级（Advanced）：口语25-30分，写作24-30分。
2、中高级（High-Intermediate）：口语20-24分，写作17-23分。
3、中低级（Low-Intermediate）：口语16-19分，写作13-16分。
4、初级（Basic）：口语10-15分，写作7-12分。
5、低级（Below Basic）：口语0-9分，写作0-6分。
以上就是托福分数等级对照表介绍，希望能给同学们提供参考。
英语初二写作分层作业
英语初二写作分层作业Level 1: Basic Writing TaskTask: Write a short paragraph about your favorite subject in school.Guidelines:1. Choose one subject.2. Describe why it is your favorite.3. Write at least 5 sentences.Example:My favorite subject in school is English. I love English because it is a universal language that helps me communicate with people from different countries. It also allows me to read a wide range of books and articles. I enjoy learning new words and their meanings. Moreover, English is fun to learn because of the songs and movies that I can watch in the original language.Level 2: Intermediate Writing TaskTask: Write a short essay about your daily routine.Guidelines:1. Describe your morning routine.2. Explain what you do after school.3. Include your evening activities.4. Write at least 10 sentences.Example:Every day, I wake up at 6:30 am to prepare for school. After brushing my teeth and having breakfast, I leave for school at 7:15 am. My classes start at 8:00 am and last until 3:00 pm. After school, I usually spend some time playing basketball with my friends. When I get home, I have a snack and then start my homework. In the evening, I help my parents with some chores around the house. I usually finish my homework by 7:00 pm and then relax by watching TV or reading a book. I go to bed around 9:00 pm to get enough rest for the next day.Level 3: Advanced Writing TaskTask: Write a story about a day in the life of a student who has a part-time job.Guidelines:1. Introduce the main character.2. Describe their school schedule.3. Explain their part-time job and why they chose it.4. Describe how they manage their time between school and work.5. Write at least 15 sentences.Example:Meet Alex, a diligent student who also works part-time at a local bookstore. Alex's school day starts at 8:00 am and ends at 3:00 pm. After school, Alex rushes to the bookstore where they work until 7:00 pm. Alex chose this job because they love reading and enjoy being surrounded by books. Managing time is crucial for Alex, so they make a schedule that includes time for homework, studying, and relaxation. They often do their homework during breaks at work or right after school. Alex also ensures they have time for a quick meal before starting their shift. Despite the busy schedule, Alex never compromises on their studies and always finds time to read a book before bed. This balance between school and work teaches Alex valuable life skills and the importance of time management.。
当代中学生报第五届英语作文大赛
当代中学生报第五届英语作文大赛Contemporary Middle School Student Newspaper The Fifth English Composition CompetitionIn order to cultivate students' English writing skills and provide a platform for them to showcase their talents, the fifth English composition competition organized by the Contemporary Middle School Student Newspaper was held successfully on November 20th, 2021. This competition attracted more than a hundred participants from various grades who displayed their creativity and proficiency in the English language.The theme of the competition was "My Dream". Students were encouraged to write about their aspirations, goals, and dreams for the future. The topics ranged from personal dreams such as becoming a doctor or a teacher, to more abstract dreams such as world peace and environmental sustainability. The diversity of the topics showcased the students' unique perspectives and dreams.The competition was divided into three categories based on grades: junior, intermediate, and senior. Each category had a first, second, and third prize winner, as well as several honorable mentions. The winners were selected based on the content,creativity, and language proficiency of their essays. The judges, who were English teachers from the school, were impressed by the high quality of the submissions and had a difficult time choosing the winners.The award ceremony was held on November 30th, 2021, where the winners were announced and awarded with certificates and prizes. The competition not only provided students with an opportunity to improve their English writing skills but also inspired them to dream big and pursue their goals. The success of the competition has motivated the organizers to continue hosting similar events in the future, in order to foster a love for English writing and encourage students to showcase their talents.。
四级学习计划英语作文
四级学习计划英语作文IntroductionThe four-level study plan is designed to help students improve their English language skills through a structured and comprehensive approach. This plan includes four levels, each of which builds on the previous level and covers the essential language skills needed for successful communication in English. The four levels are beginner, intermediate, advanced and proficiency levels.Level 1: BeginnerThe beginner level focuses on introducing students to the basics of the English language. This level is designed for students who have little to no prior knowledge of English. The key areas covered in this level include:- Basic vocabulary and grammar: Students will learn common English words and basic grammar rules, such as sentence structure, verb tenses, and word order.- Speaking and listening: Students will practice speaking and listening skills through simple conversations, listening exercises, and role-plays.- Reading and writing: Students will learn to read and write simple sentences and short paragraphs.Study Plan:- Spend at least one hour per day studying English.- Use beginner-level textbooks and online resources to learn vocabulary and grammar.- Practice speaking and listening skills with a language partner or tutor.- Read simple English texts and write short paragraphs to practice writing skills.Level 2: IntermediateThe intermediate level is designed for students who have a basic understanding of the English language and want to further develop their skills. This level covers more complex grammar and vocabulary, as well as more challenging speaking and listening activities.Key areas covered in this level include:- Intermediate vocabulary and grammar: Students will learn more advanced vocabulary and grammar, such as phrasal verbs, idioms, and conditional sentences.- Speaking and listening: Students will practice discussing a wider range of topics, expressing opinions, and giving presentations.- Reading and writing: Students will learn to read and write longer texts, such as articles, essays, and short stories.Study Plan:- Spend at least two hours per day studying English.- Use intermediate-level textbooks and online resources to learn vocabulary and grammar.- Practice speaking and listening skills with a language partner or tutor, and participate in group discussions.- Read longer English texts and write essays or stories to practice writing skills.Level 3: AdvancedThe advanced level is designed for students who have a good command of the English language and want to further refine their skills. This level covers advanced grammar, vocabulary, and communication skills, as well as more complex reading and writing tasks.Key areas covered in this level include:- Advanced vocabulary and grammar: Students will learn advanced vocabulary and grammar structures, such as subjunctive mood, passive voice, and complex sentence structures.- Speaking and listening: Students will practice participating in debates, giving speeches, and engaging in challenging listening exercises.- Reading and writing: Students will learn to read and analyze complex texts, such as academic articles and literature, and write longer essays and reports.Study Plan:- Spend at least three hours per day studying English.- Use advanced-level textbooks and online resources to learn vocabulary and grammar.- Practice speaking and listening skills with a language partner or tutor, and participate in formal presentations and debates.- Read complex English texts and write essays and reports to practice writing skills.Level 4: ProficiencyThe proficiency level is designed for students who have a high level of English proficiency and want to refine their skills to near-native level. This level covers mastery of advanced grammar, vocabulary, and communication skills, as well as advanced reading and writing tasks.Key areas covered in this level include:- Proficiency vocabulary and grammar: Students will learn to use English at a near-native level, including advanced vocabulary and grammar structures, such as advanced tenses, modal verbs, and advanced idiomatic expressions.- Speaking and listening: Students will practice engaging in formal and informal communication, such as negotiations, public speaking, and media interviews.- Reading and writing: Students will learn to read and analyze authentic English materials, such as academic journals and literature, and write advanced essays, reports, and creative writing pieces.Study Plan:- Spend at least four hours per day studying English.- Use proficiency-level textbooks and online resources to refine vocabulary and grammar skills.- Practice speaking and listening skills with a language partner or tutor, and participate in advanced communication activities.- Read authentic English materials and write advanced essays, reports, and creative writing pieces to refine writing skills.ConclusionThe four-level study plan provides a comprehensive and structured approach for students to improve their English language skills. By following this plan and dedicating time and effort to each level, students can develop their language skills progressively and achieve a high level of proficiency in English. This study plan is designed to be flexible and adaptive to individual learning needs, allowing students to tailor their study schedule and activities to their own pace and goals. With dedication and consistent effort, students can use the four-level study plan to attain fluency and mastery in the English language.。
作文
Intermediate English writingThe effect of rising college tuitionsRecently, college tuitions rising has been brought into focus in some countries. Some think it is a good way for college gathering more money to improve the academic condition. However, I still insist that rising college tuitions have many negative on the society.First, high college tuitions would force some students to give up the opportunities to get higher education .Let’s take the distress areas as an example; some poor families can not afford college fees, so they ask their children to stay at home or just look for jobs. But when they hunt for jobs, they have few skills to offer. This poor condition aggravates their poverty.Second, the ideology and value of college students would change a lot under great pressure. If college tuitions rise, college students have to struggle for living, which will increase their burden. In this case, they are likely to have cult of golden-worship that will corrupts their souls.Finally, high college tuitions may impel college to abuse their power to collect fees arbitrarily from students. In other words, some colleges may take advantage of it to extort students under all sorts of pretexts, which has very bad influences on the whole society.In conclusion, there are many negative effects on students and thewhole society of rising college tuitions. And the level of college fees should fit the society.How to live with a two-year old childLiving with a two-year old child is something an exciting and difficult job that needs patience, and I have some suggestions as follows.Above all, safety is a factor that you should consider first. You should rearrange your furniture to keep the child away from some hard thing. Make sure something dangerous like knives and drugs are beyond his reach. Secondly, you should know what he thinks. Generally speaking, a simple action can reflect his thought. For example, when he cries, does it mean he is hungry or he is in pain? The best way to learn it is to consult some experienced mother. What’s more, grasping his interests is very important. In order to enrich his life, you should be familiar with what he likes to eat and what he likes to play with as well. Remember to spend more time in accompanying him. The last but not least; you should set an good example to him. What you have done and said is always a model that he learns from, which has a profound influence on him. So think carefully before taking action.Taking into account of all these factors, I think it’s not so easy to live with a two-year old child. But if you try your best, you can make it.A vote for older buildingMost cities in China have witness the process of older buildings being replaced by modern ones. That may be a symbol of development of industrial society. However, as far as I am concerned, I maintain that older buildings should be preserved rather than destroyed because they have some advantages over the modern ones.A major difference between the two is the feeling they give us. As is known to us, ancient buildings highlight the national characteristics which have a hearty impression on us. On the contrary, influenced by the western culture, people went to learn foreign architecture styles, in which case modern buildings are of some style without any features, so the impression they give us is the opposite.Material and comfort is another difference between the two kinds of buildings. In most cases, woods as well as clay and bricks are used to architect older buildings. People in these buildings often feel warm and in winter and cool in summer .Nevertheless, the modern buildings are architected by steel and concrete. Without an air-condition, they are not so comfortable for people to live in.In conclusion, older buildings should be under preservation, because they are not only a perfect place to live in, but also the heritage of our culture.。
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Sequence
Comparison The author explains how two or more different; in contrast;
Cause and Effect
Problem and The author states a problem and lists problem is; dilemma is; one or more solutions for the problem. puzzle is solved; Solution
Printed in black on A4 paper Times New Roman 12 point font Double space between lines Quadruple space between paragraphs Your name & student number in the top left corner Hand in your homework at the end of the next class
Pattern
Definition
Example
Description
The degree of distinctness in outline of an object, image, or sound. Sense or significance. A thing characteristic of its kind or illustrating a general rule.
People opposite to having compulsory sport classes argue that the malicious sunshine will sunburn their skin ….
It remains a hot topic among people that whether sports classes should be compulsory at university. Considering the significance of the sports classes, they are supposed to be compulsory.
If sports classes at university aren't compulsory, the students who don't want to have the sports classes will not have it. The number of the students to have the sports classes will be too small to employ a teacher to teach the students.
Some students may argue that it's schools that push them to do sports and that it's just a form of education, which disobeys many students' willing. Will = to wish; desire; like: Go where you will. Ask, if you will, who the owner is.
question... answer A variation of this pattern is the question- and-answer format in which the author poses a question and then answers it.
Expository Writing Organization Types
…. it's significant for university students to bear in mind that it's our responsibility to dedicate ourselves to the construction of our country after our graduation on the premise of owning a healthy body.
Exposition Essay Writing
Exposition is one of the simplest forms of essay writing. Its purpose is simply to describe or explain a specific topic to the reader, using factual information. You do not have to develop an argument or prove anything; you only have to understand your topic and present it to the reader in a logical and clear way.
The reasons why I agree with this perspective are listed as follows. As a college student ,I completely agree that sports classes at university should be compulsory.I can list a thousand of reasons to support my idea.
But I have to say, even though you have become a college student, you still need some good guidings.
However, it has stirred up a heated discussion among people as to whether it is a must for students in universities to take sports classes in university.
1st person: ou, yours, your, us, we. 3rd person: they, their, them, it, he, she.
Expository Writing Organization Types
Style
Intermediate Writing
Week 5
Eric Ralph Forbes
Home Work
Write a 5 paragraph argumentation essay on.
Sports classes at university should be compulsory
Presentation Requirements
Opposing view claim that we feel relaxed in sports classes and it is conducive to work and rest.
Many students even their teachers claim that having sports classes compulsorily may sometimes carry a risk of injury .
Wishes
The last but not least. In a word. sports classes at university should be compulsory. …. which linked graduation certificate to physical fitness test, raising heat discussion among university students.
Exposition Essay Writing
You normally use the third person perspective (Not always) and avoid statements of opinion.
Third person = The grammatical category that designate a person or thing other than the speaker or the one spoken to.
Cue Words
for example, characteristics are first, second, third; next; then; finally alike; same as; on the other hand reasons why; if...then; as a result; therefore; because
Significance having or expressing a meaning; indicative; suggestive: a significant wink.
As for me, I hold the positive opinion because ….
Meanwhile, sport classes are also necessary for students who are willing to do sports. They are worried about lack of little professional sport knowledge, since it may do harm to human bodies if doing sports in a wrong way. But with sport classes, the problem is solved.