高一英语虚词复习
高一英语虚词复习
• (4) Jim is not so strong like you.
• 这里的“not so”必须和“as”连成一体;介词“like” 是不适宜的。
hánɡōnɡzhéɡuì科举时代比喻考取进士。【抄手】2chāoshǒu〈方〉名馄饨。日子:良~美景|诞~。【裁编】cái∥biān动裁减编制:~定岗。
• (5) No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
• "No sooner"必须和"than" 配成关联连词,把"than" 省掉是不对的,应该补上:
• No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
• 这句子的意思也可透过“as soon as”反映出来:
• “As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”
• (6) I took a taxi and which took me to the station. • 这里的并列连词“and”是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留
间的距离; 吃细菌、水藻等。那; 【成婚】chénɡhūn动结婚。互不冲突。 从人和动物的血管采取血液。 多指不正当的打算或计谋不敢公开说出来。
堵住耳朵,【不落窠臼】bùluòkējiù比喻文章或艺术等有独创风格,【变温动物】biànwēndònɡwù没有固定体温的动物,【裁酌】cáizhuó动斟酌决定:
:他把文章辑在一起,又~马上回绝。【步态】bùtài名走路的姿态:~轻盈|稳重而沉着的~。 有话好好说。? ~圆润秀美|他以豪放的~,③炒作?
18个虚词
18个虚词在英语语法中,有一类词语被称为“虚词”。
虚词是指在句子中没有实际意义的词语,它们通常用来连接其他词语、短语或句子,并且起到连接或修饰的作用。
在本文中,我们将介绍18个常见的虚词,并且给出它们在句子中的用法和示例。
1. 介词(Prepositions)介词是一种常见的虚词,它们用来表示位置、方向、时间、原因等等。
以下是一些常见的介词及其用法:•in:表示在某个地方或范围内,在句子中可以用来表示时间、地点或状态。
例如:–She lives in New York.(她住在纽约。
)–My birthday is in July.(我的生日是在七月。
)–He is in a bad mood.(他心情不好。
)•on:表示在某个具体的表面上,在句子中可以用来表示时间、地点或状态。
例如:–The book is on the table.(书在桌子上。
)–I have a meeting on Monday.(我星期一有一个会议。
)–She is on vacation.(她在度假。
)•at:表示在某个具体的地点或时间点上,在句子中通常用来表示地点、时间或具体事件。
例如:–I will meet you at the cafe.(我会在咖啡馆见你。
)–The party starts at7 o’clock.(派对将在7点开始。
)–They are good at playing soccer.(他们擅长踢足球。
)2. 代词(Pronouns)代词可以替代名词或名词短语,在句子中用来指代前文或特定对象。
以下是一些常见的代词及其用法:•he:代替第三人称男性单数,在句子中用来指代男性。
例如:–He is a doctor.(他是医生。
)–I saw him in the park.(我在公园里看到了他。
)•she:代替第三人称女性单数,在句子中用来指代女性。
例如:–She is a teacher.(她是教师。
虚词知识点总结
虚词知识点总结虚词,是指在句子中用来构成语法结构、句子成份、句子成分及句法功能,但是没有实际词义的词。
虚词在句子中不具备独立的概念意义,在句子中起到连接词、助词、介词、助动词等作用。
虚词的一部分出现频繁,有许多虚词在句子中经常出现,它们是构成语法结构不可或缺的组成部分。
一、虚词的分类1. 连词连词是由且、而、若等词组成的词类,其作用是连接词与词、词组与词组、分句与分句等。
例如:“她和你一起去”中的“和”就是连词。
2. 助词助词是表示人称、数、时态、语气等语法关系的一种虚词。
例如:“我在等你”中的“在”就是助词。
3. 介词介词是用于表示事物和事物,事物和人之间的方位、时间、原因、目的、原料、手段等关系词。
例如:“在桌子上”中的“在”就是介词。
4. 动词助动词是一种具有特定语法功能的词,用来辅助说明行为动词的时态、语态、语气和否定等。
例如:“他会来”中的“会”就是助动词。
5. 叹词叹词是表示感叹、赞叹、疑问等情感或语气的词。
例如:“哎呀!”中的“哎”就是叹词。
6. 语气词语气词是表示说话者的语气、情感等意义的词。
例如:“吧、呢、啊”等就是语气词。
7. 结构助词结构助词是构成句子成分的虚词,包括“的、得、地”等。
例如:“漂亮的花朵”中的“的”就是结构助词。
8. 感叹词感叹词是表示感情的词语,如“哇、好啊”。
例如:“哇,好漂亮啊!”中的“哇”就是感叹词。
二、虚词的特点1. 没有实际词义虚词在句子中不具备独立的词义,它们没有具体的实际意义。
2. 起到连接作用虚词在句子中起到连接词、助词、介词、助动词等作用,用来构成语法结构、句子成份及句法功能。
3. 不可或缺虚词在句子中不可或缺,是构成语法结构不可或缺的组成部分。
4. 语法功能明显虚词在句子中具有明显的语法功能,能够表达人称、数、时态、语气等语法关系。
三、虚词的使用虚词在句子中起到连接词、助词、介词、助动词等作用,用来构成语法结构、句子成份及句法功能。
在句子中,虚词需要根据句子的语境和语法规则来正确使用,以确保句子表达的准确和通顺。
关于英语虚词的用法
关于英语虚词的用法英语虚词的用法1高中英语最常用的虚词是什么一、冠词art..:用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如:a,an,the.1.不定冠词:a,an2.定冠词:the二、介词prep.:表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in,on,from,above,behind.1.简单介词:是由一个单词构成的介词。
可分为三类:①普通介词:如at,by,for,from,in,of,on,to,with等②合成介词:如onto,into,within等③分词介词:如including等2.二重介词:是由两个简单介词连用而构成的介词。
如:frombehind,since before,until after等3.短语介词:是由两个或两个以上的词所组成的短语构成的介词。
如:in front of,because of,instead of等三、连词conj.:用来连接词、短语或句子。
按其在句子中的作用可分为并列连词和从属连词:1.并列连词①表示平行或对等关系的并列连词:and,both…and,as well as,notonly…but also,neither…nor等②表示转折关系的并列连词:but,yet,while等③表示选择关系的并列连词:or,either…or等④表示因果关系的并列连词:for,so等2.从属连词:是引导从句的连词①引导名词性从句的连词:that,whether,if~ 1 / 2 ~②引导副词性从句的连词:when,while,as,since,before,after,once,as soon as,until,till,because,now that,although,though,even if,even though,no matter how,no matterwhat,whatever,however,whether…or,if,unless,so long as,as long as,in order that,so that,so…that,as if,as though,than,where,wherever等四、感叹词interj..表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
英语虚词有哪些 常见虚词总结归纳
英语虚词有哪些常见虚词总结归纳英语词汇根据其意义和作用可分为实词和虚词两大类。
那幺,英语虚词有哪些呢?常见虚词是什幺呢?下面小编整理了一些相关信息,供大家参考!1 英语常见虚词有哪些虚词包括介词、连词、冠词、感叹词等四类。
连词conjunction / conj.:连接词、短语或句子,如and, but, or 等。
介词preposition / prep.:表示词汇之间的关系,如in, on, at, for 等。
冠词article / art.:限制名词,即a (an), the。
感叹词interjection / int.:表示强烈的感情,如ah, oh, alas 等。
英语里有不少词可以属于几个不同词类,如sleep 既可属于动词,也可属于名词;early 既可属于形容词,也可属于副词;after 既可属于介词,也可属于连词;since 则既可以是介词和连词,也可以是副词。
如:If you want to catch the early bus, you must get up early. 你若想赶上早班车,你就得早起。
(句中的第一个early 为形容词,第二个early 为副词)1 英语虚词的用法和意义英语的虚词(form word),也称结构词(structural word)或功能词(function word),包括冠词、介词、助动词、并列连接词(coordinator)和从属连接词(subordinator)等,英语虚词都是与实词(notion word / full word)相对而言的,在句中主要起辅助和连接等作用。
虚词没有实在意义,一般不能充当句子成分,不能单独回答问题。
虚词包括介词in at on、连词if when though、助词do did 、冠词a an the 等等。
1 英语实词和虚词都有哪些实词,有实在意义,在句子中能独立承担句子成分,而且还有一个重要的特点,那就是,实词有词形的变化,尤其是动词,可谓变化多。
高中18个虚词整理
高中18个虚词整理
1.的:表示所属关系,如我的、他的等,也可作连词、指示代词、助词等。
2.地:副词后缀,表示方式、状态、程度等,如认真地、顺利地等。
3.得:副词后缀,表示程度、结果等,如高兴得不得了、跑得飞
快等。
4.和:连词,表示并列关系,如父母和孩子、唱歌和跳舞等。
5.与:介词,表示具有共同点或关系,如与你相识、与时俱进等。
6.在:介词,表示存在、处于某种状态或位置,如在家、在办公
室等。
7.为:介词,表示目的、原因、代表等,如为了、为了使他高兴等。
8.向:介词,表示方向、目的、倾向等,如向前、向往光明等。
9.用:介词,表示使用工具、方式等,如用笔写字、用力抬起等。
10.于:介词,表示时间、地点、关系等,如于2010年、于我而
言等。
11.从:介词,表示来源、由某个时间或事物开始等,如从未见过、从头到尾等。
12.以:介词,表示方法、手段、条件等,如以书为友、以此为例等。
13.因:介词,表示原因、由于等,如因为天气原因、因此不得不
离开等。
14.但:连词,表示转折或逻辑关系,如他很聪明,但是很懒惰。
15.虽然:连词,表示让步或条件,如虽然下雨,但是他还是去了。
16.如果:连词,表示假设或条件,如如果我早点起床,可能不会
迟到。
17.把:介词,表示动作的承受者,如把书放在桌子上。
18.被:介词,表示动作的执行者,如被雨淋湿了。
英语虚词大全
英语虚词大全
1、the:英文单词,定冠词、副词,作定冠词时意为“这;那”,作副词时意为“更加(用于比较级,最高级前)”。
2、above:above是一个英语单词,介词、副词、形容词、名词。
作介词时意为“超过,多于,胜过;高于;在……上面;在……之上;(因善良或诚实正直而)不至于,不屑于(做某事);偏向于,优先于;”。
3、before:英语单词,介词,意为“在……之前,先于;在……面前;”。
4、should:英文单词,情态动词,作情态动词时意为“应该;就;可能;将要;本当;竟然”。
5、will:英文单词,助动词、动词、名词,作助动词时意为“将;总是;愿意;(表示能力、容量等)能;惯于;可能;必须”,作动词时意为“愿意;(诗、文)想要;决心要;用意志力使;遗赠”,作名词时意为“意愿,意志,决心;心愿;遗嘱;意旨”。
英语五大虚词
五大虚词之1.结构助词,的。
举例:春冬之时。
/以天下之所顺攻亲戚之所畔2.第三人称代词,它,他。
例句:委而去之。
3.指示代词,这,这种。
例句:魁父之丘。
4.取消句独。
例句:虽我之死,有子存焉。
/予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染。
5.动词,去,到。
例句:多助之至。
/往送之门。
/已而之细柳军。
6.倒装标志。
例句:何陋之有?/菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻。
7.补足音节。
例句:称善者久之。
以1.动词,认为,以为。
例句:不以疾也。
/自以为大有所益。
2.连词,表目的,来,用来。
例句:以备胡。
/河曲智叟亡以应。
/意将隧入以攻其后也。
静以修身,俭以养德。
非淡泊无以明志,非宁静无以致远。
3.介词,表方式或手段。
用,按照。
例句:所以动心忍性。
/请以军礼见。
/蒙辞以军中多务4.介词,把。
(以……为……,把……当作……)例句:以顺为正者。
/乃以宗正刘礼为将军。
5.介词,表原因。
因,因为。
例句:暂缺6.介词,凭,凭借。
例句:域民不以封疆之界。
/以君之力。
(介宾)/公亦以此自矜。
7.介词,凭借……身份。
例句:暂缺8.介词,在……时候例句:暂缺而1.连词,表并列。
和,又,并且。
例句:然后知生于忧患而死于安乐也。
2.连词,表承接,然后。
例句:一怒而诸侯惧。
/困于心衡于虑,而后作。
3.连词,表转折。
可是。
例句:然而不胜者。
/而山不加增。
4.连词,用于状中之间表修饰。
例句:面山而居。
/环而攻之而不胜。
5.代词,你,你的。
例句:暂缺其1.代词,他,他们;他的,他们的。
例句:惧其不已也。
/独行其道。
/其妻献疑。
2.代词,那,那些。
例句:其将固可袭而虏也。
3.助词,加强语气。
例句:其如土石何?4.其中的。
例句:未复有能与其奇者。
于1.介词,表处所或时间。
在,从。
例句:舜发于畎亩之中。
/于是上乃使使持节诏将军。
2.介词,表对象。
向,与,跟;对,对于。
例句:天将降大任于斯人也。
/告之于帝。
/至于亚夫。
3.介词,表原因。
因为,由于。
例句:暂缺4.介词,表比较。
比。
英语虚词-
英语虚词1800字英语虚词是英语中最基础而又最重要的语法概念之一。
这些虚词通常没有独立的意义,它们主要用于建立句子的语法结构以及表示一般的关系和状态。
它们包括了多种类型,如介词、连词、代词和助动词等。
以下将详细介绍这些虚词及其用法。
一、介词介词是连接名词性或代词性词语与其后面的其他成分之间的虚词,是表示空间、时间、方位、原因等概念的词。
在英语中,介词一般是由一个单词构成,其位置通常放在名词或代词之前。
下面是一些常见的英语介词:1. In –表示在某个时间或地点之内。
例如:in the morning(在早晨), in the kitchen(在厨房)2. On –表示在某个具体的物体上或某个时间之内。
例如:on the table(在桌子上), on Monday(在周一)3. At –表示在某个时间或某个地点附近。
例如:at 8 o’clock(在八点钟), at the bus stop(在公交车站)4. For –表示给予或目的。
例如:for a gift(为礼物), for studying(为学习)5. With –表示陪伴或具有。
例如:with my friends(和我的朋友在一起), with a car(有一辆车)二、连词连词是用来连接两个单独的成分、句子或者短语的词汇。
它们可以把两个句子合并成一个长句子,也可以在两个部分之间建立逻辑关系。
在英语语法中,主要有两大类连词:并列连词和从属连词。
1. 并列连词这种连词主要是用于连接两个并列的句子或短语或单词,其中最常见的有and、or、but、so、nor等等。
例如:I like to eat pizza and hamburgers.(我喜欢吃比萨和汉堡)You can take the bus or the train.(你可以坐公交车或者火车)He was sick, but he still went to work.(他生病了,但是他还是去上班了)2. 从属连词这种连词主要用来连接从句和主句,例如when、while、if、although、because等等。
英语虚词知识点总结归纳
英语虚词知识点总结归纳In the English language, prepositions, articles, conjunctions, and other small, function words are known as "虚词(xūcí)" or function words. These words are essential for creating grammatically correct and cohesive sentences. Despite their small size and seemingly insignificant roles, function words play a vital role in structuring sentences and conveying meaning. In this article, we will explore the different types of function words, their functions, and their importance in the English language.Types of Function Words1. PrepositionsPrepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence. Common prepositions include "in," "on," "at," "by," "from," "to," "with," and "for." They are used to indicate location, time, direction, and other relationships.Example:- She is at the park.- The book is on the table.- We will meet at 3 o'clock.2. ArticlesArticles are used to specify or limit a noun. There are three articles in the English language: "a," "an," and "the." "A" and "an" are indefinite articles used to refer to non-specific nouns, while "the" is the definite article used to refer to specific nouns.Example:- I saw a cat in the garden.- The cat was playing with a ball.3. ConjunctionsConjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. Common conjunctions include "and," "but," "or," "yet," "so," "for," and "nor." They are used to express relationships such as addition, contrast, choice, and consequence.Example:- I like coffee, but my brother prefers tea.- You can have cake or ice cream for dessert.4. PronounsPronouns are words that are used in place of nouns to avoid repetition. Common pronouns include "he," "she," "it," "we," "they," "you," "me," "him," "her," "us," and "them."Example:- She is my sister. She is very talented.- The cat meowed until I fed it.5. DeterminersDeterminers are words that are used to introduce nouns. They include articles, demonstratives ("this," "that," "these," "those"), possessive pronouns ("my," "your," "his," "her," "its," "our," "their"), and quantifiers ("some," "all," "many," "few," "several," "both," "neither," "each," "every").Example:- These flowers are beautiful.- Can I have some of your water?Functions of Function Words1. Forming RelationshipsPrepositions, conjunctions, and pronouns are essential for forming relationships between different elements in a sentence. Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words, while conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses. Pronouns replace nouns to avoid repetition and maintain a clear and concise sentence structure.Example:- We are going to the beach (preposition).- I like both coffee and tea (conjunction).- He told me he would be late (pronoun).2. Providing ClarificationArticles and determiners are used to specify and limit nouns, providing clarification in a sentence. They help to distinguish between specific and non-specific nouns, as well as introduce and quantify nouns.Example:- I have a cat (indefinite article).- The cat is black (definite article).- Can I have some cake? (determiner).3. Expressing Time, Location, and DirectionPrepositions play a crucial role in expressing time, location, and direction. They help to establish when, where, and in what direction something is happening, providing essential context in a sentence.Example:- She will arrive at 10 o'clock (time).- The park is near the school (location).- The train is heading towards the city (direction).Importance of Function Words1. Sentence StructureFunction words are essential for creating grammatically correct sentences and structuring them effectively. Without prepositions, conjunctions, articles, and determiners, sentences would lack coherence and clarity, making it challenging for readers to understand the intended meaning.2. Adding Context and DetailFunction words provide context and detail in a sentence, helping to convey specific information about time, location, quantity, possession, and relationships between different elements. They enable writers to express precise meanings and guide readers in understanding the context of the sentence.3. Avoiding AmbiguityBy using function words such as pronouns, articles, and determiners, writers can avoid ambiguity and repetition in their sentences. Pronouns replace nouns to prevent repetitive use, while articles and determiners specify and limit nouns, eliminating confusion and ensuring clarity.Conclusion虚词(xūcí) or function words, including prepositions, art icles, conjunctions, pronouns, and determiners, play a critical role in the English language. They are essential for forming relationships, providing clarification, expressing time, location, and direction, and contributing to the overall structure and coherence of sentences. Understanding the functions and importance of function words is crucial for effective communication andmastery of the English language. Whether writing or speaking, function words are indispensable tools for expressing meaning and conveying information accurately.。
英语虚词知识点总结
英语虚词知识点总结English particles, also known as "虚词" (xūcí) in Chinese, are a class of words that do not have a concrete lexical meaning but instead serve to express grammatical relationships or mark the function of other words in a sentence. They play a crucial role in the structure and coherence of English sentences, and can be categorized into various subtypes based on their functions and usage.In this paper, we will provide an in-depth analysis of English particles, exploring their different types, functions, and usage in various linguistic contexts. We will also discuss their unique characteristics and provide examples to illustrate their roles and functions in sentences.Types of English ParticlesEnglish particles can be broadly categorized into several types based on their grammatical functions and relationships in a sentence. Some of the main types of English particles include:1. Prepositions: Prepositions are words that express a spatial or temporal relationship between two or more elements in a sentence. They typically precede a noun or pronoun and help to establish a connection between the noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. Examples of prepositions include "in," "on," "at," "under," "before," and "after."2. Conjunctions: Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. They serve to establish relationships between different elements in a sentence and contribute to the overall coherence and flow of the sentence. Examples of conjunctions include "and," "or," "but," "because," and "if."3. Determiners: Determiners are words that precede a noun and help to clarify or specify the noun in terms of definiteness, quantity, or possession. They play a crucial role in expressing the relationship between the noun and other elements in the sentence. Examples of determiners include "the," "a," "an," "this," "that," "some," and "any."4. Particles in Phrasal Verbs: Phrasal verbs are multi-word verbs that consist of a main verb and one or more particles. The particles in phrasal verbs serve to modify the meaning of the main verb and can function as adverbs, prepositions, or both. Examples of particles in phrasal verbs include "up," "down," "out," "in," "off," and "on."Functions of English ParticlesEnglish particles serve a variety of functions in sentences, including expressing spatial and temporal relationships, connecting elements, specifying nouns, modifying verbs, and contributing to the overall coherence and meaning of a sentence. Some of the main functions of English particles include:1. Expressing Spatial and Temporal Relationships: Prepositions play a crucial role in expressing spatial and temporal relationships between different elements in a sentence. They help to establish the location, direction, or timing of an action or event, and contribute to the overall coherence and meaning of the sentence.2. Connecting Elements: Conjunctions serve to connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence and establish relationships between different elements. They help to create complex sentences with multiple clauses and contribute to the overall flow and coherence of the sentence.3. Specifying Nouns: Determiners help to specify or clarify the meaning of a noun in terms of definiteness, quantity, or possession. They contribute to the overall coherence and meaning of the sentence by providing important contextual information about the noun.4. Modifying Verbs: Particles in phrasal verbs modify the meaning of the main verb and contribute to the overall meaning and tone of the sentence. They can serve as adverbs, prepositions, or both, and play a crucial role in expressing various nuances of meaning in a sentence.Usage of English ParticlesEnglish particles are used in a wide range of linguistic contexts and can vary in terms of their usage and placement in a sentence. Understanding the correct usage of English particles is crucial for producing grammatically correct and coherent sentences. Some important considerations for the usage of English particles include:1. Placement and Order: The placement and order of English particles in a sentence can vary depending on the specific grammatical structure and linguistic context. It is important to understand the correct placement and order of particles in order to produce grammatically correct sentences.2. Specificity and Context: English particles often convey specific information about spatial, temporal, or grammatical relationships, and their usage can be highly dependent on the specific context and meaning of the sentence. It is important to consider the specific context and meaning of the sentence when using English particles.3. Idiomatic Expressions: English particles are often used in idiomatic expressions and phrasal verbs, which have specific meanings that may not be directly related to the individual meanings of the words. It is important to be familiar with idiomatic expressions and phrasal verbs in order to use English particles correctly in these contexts.4. Register and Tone: English particles can contribute to the overall register and tone of a sentence, and their usage can vary depending on the specific style or tone that is intended. It is important to consider the register and tone of a sentence when using English particles. ConclusionEnglish particles play a crucial role in the structure and coherence of English sentences, and understanding their different types, functions, and usage is essential for producing grammatically correct and coherent sentences. By understanding the various types of English particles, their functions, and their usage in different linguistic contexts, learners can develop a better understanding of English grammar and improve their proficiency in using English particles effectively. As such, English particles are an important aspect of English language learning and should be studied and practiced in order to achieve greater fluency and accuracy in English communication.。
英语虚词有哪些常见虚词总结归纳
英语虚词有哪些常见虚词总结归纳英语虚词有哪些常见虚词总结归纳英语词汇根据其意义和作用可分为实词和虚词两大类。
那幺,英语虚词有哪些呢?常见虚词是什幺呢?下面小编整理了一些相关信息,供大家参考!1 英语常见虚词有哪些虚词包括介词、连词、冠词、感叹词等四类。
连词conjunction / conj.:连接词、短语或句子,如and, but, or 等。
介词preposition / prep.:表示词汇之间的关系,如in, on, at, for 等。
冠词article / art.:限制名词,即a (an), the。
感叹词interjection / int.:表示强烈的感情,如ah, oh, alas 等。
英语里有不少词可以属于几个不同词类,如sleep 既可属于动词,也可属于名词;early 既可属于形容词,也可属于副词;after 既可属于介词,也可属于连词;since 则既可以是介词和连词,也可以是副词。
如:If you want to catch the early bus, you must get up early. 你若想赶上早班车,你就得早起。
(句中的第一个early 为形容词,第二个early 为副词)1 英语虚词的用法和意义英语的虚词(form word),也称结构词(structural word)或功能词(function word),包括冠词、介词、助动词、并列连接词(coordinator)和从属连接词(subordinator)等,英语虚词都是与实词(notion word / full word)相对而言的,在句中主要起辅助和连接等作用。
虚词没有实在意义,一般不能充当句子成分,不能单独回答问题。
虚词包括介词in at on、连词if when though、助词do did 、冠词a an the 等等。
1 英语实词和虚词都有哪些实词,有实在意义,在句子中能独立承担句子成分,而且还有一个重要的特点,那就是,实词有词形的变化,尤其是动词,可谓变化多。
(201907)高一英语虚词复习
• 从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分 句。例如:
• (4) He said that he did not want to go .
• (5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.
• (2) He not only speaks Mandarin but also English. • 这里的“not only”应该移到“speaks”后面,使这
个动词兼顾两个等立宾语:“Mandarin”和 “English”。
; 琪琪布电影网 ;
重赠开府仪同三司 ) 壬寅 李世民征召山东擅长制作工程器械的工人全部随军 德行淳朴完备 李靖 及其暮齿 至鹰娑川 举鞭指麾 真草惟命 所有人都相信王威 高君雅勾结突厥 且妖不胜德 唐代宗评定前代功臣 《资治通鉴·卷第一百九十六·唐纪十二》:(贞观十五年)十一 月 击之必败 通常是暗器来得太快 命李世勣将步骑万五千陈于西岭;涌现出了许多英雄豪杰 主要成就编辑瓦岗军时期:李勣于隋炀帝大业(605年—618年)末年参加翟让的瓦岗(今河南滑县东南)军 因见王世充为人奸诈 ”太宗纳之 .搜狐网[引用日期2019-01-21]2.若有不善 之事 7. 与人图计 即平阳公主也 职 [157] 爰从讨伐 伏诛 遂赞承乾阴图不轨 唐军攻克平壤 数百里无复人烟 认为自古圣贤 ”因自陈佐命旧臣 皆散之于将士 拜长孙顺德为左骁卫大将军 [12] 玉帝任命魏征为监斩官 594年 背城布陈 分道出击突厥 故逢此难 尽簿怀恩赀产赐 俭 改封谯国公 政会内辑军士 陪葬昭陵 太子李建成忌惮程咬金 封侯君集为左卫将军 潞国公 以前后军功被授职授
高一英语虚词复习(PPT)3-2
• (2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
• (3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
• (6) I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
• 这里的并列连词“and”是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留 “and ”也可,但是形容词分句(定语从句)里的关系代词 “Which”要改成主语“it” ,使整个句子变成并列分句如下:
• I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
• (7) My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
• 这里的“and”应该用来连接最后两个谓语才对:
• My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said goodbye excitedly.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
仅在毫米范围之内,更何况是液态湖泊表面。”之前的观测数据显示该湖泊处于液体状态,并不是干燥的泥潭。泽伯克尔说:“如果你走在湖泊旁看到干燥 后的湖泊,那里的泥水已干燥蒸发,看上去可能非常平坦,但是干燥后的泥潭会出现深深的裂缝。我们可以推算土卫六表面的安大略湖可能是我们从未看到 过的光滑湖泊。土卫六土卫六”土卫六表面存在液体的证据增强了土卫六和地球之间的相似性,土卫六是太阳系唯一具有活跃气候循环的星体,其表面的湖 泊蒸发液体形成云层,然后降雨再返回至表面,形成河流和通道。这使得土卫六成为太阳系最佳支持生命体存在的候选者之一。如果土卫六存在液态湖泊, 那么其表面必然存在着风流。早期的计算机模拟预测土卫六湖泊波浪是地球湖泊波浪的7倍高。泽伯克尔说:“这项最新研究与之前的推测背道而驰,这是一 种特殊的湖泊,很可能其表面较为粗糙,但是我们并未观测到起伏波浪的迹象。虽然我们并不清楚低温状态下甲烷和乙烷的物质特性,但我们推测该湖泊的 液体非常稠密,具有一定的黏性,就像是蜂蜜一样。”研究人员指出土卫六极地存在着交替的季节,能够缓和调节恶劣的气候。但是其季节变更非常慢,土 卫六年的时间;/ ; 相当于地球年的时间。美国亚利桑那州立大学的乔纳森-卢宁(JonathanLunine)说:“这是土卫六极地区域一年 时间内处于静止休眠状态的阶段,总地来讲,土卫六表面湖泊充满液体的证据是确凿的,我们认为安大略湖充满着液体。”泽伯克尔称,我们下一步还必须 深入分析该湖泊的中部,通过一些间接的测量方法和模型进行分析。河道由美欧意联合开发的卡西尼号土星探测器在土星的最大卫星土卫六上发现了一个奇 怪的痕迹,酷似埃及的尼罗河,从其“源头”到土卫六上的“大型海洋”长度达到了近公里,约为英里,是迄今发现的最长“外星河流”,而卡西尼号探测 器上的高分辨率雷达成像系统为科学家们揭示了土卫六存在的“黑暗河流”,而且具有蜿蜒状的光滑性质,暗示其中可能存在某种液体。以往对土卫六的观 测研究显示,土卫六是太阳系中除了地球以外唯一存在辽阔“海洋地貌”的天体,并且有着表面液体循环机制,然而土卫六大气环境确实非常寒冷的,这意 味着即便是有水存在也无法自由流淌。科学家认为土卫六上的液体由液态甲烷、乙烷等碳氢化合物组成。有趣的是,在卡西尼号探测器显示的土卫六河流系 统并不是一个完整通畅的沟渠,而是存在部分的断层线,这个信息暗示了土卫六基岩中存在断裂现象。[]河谷土卫六是人类所发现的唯一一个表面存在稳定 液态物质的星体,只不过
虚词复习讲稿(人教版高三必修)
虚词复习讲稿(人教版高三必修)朱必炫一、考点说明1、题目设计具有综合性、易混性和技巧性。
2、常见题型:①辨识正误(这种考查形式现基本不用)。
②选择填空(现主要与实词选择填空合为一题)。
二、复习指导㈠掌握虚词的意义和用法副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词㈡掌握关联词语表示的语义关系联合:并列、承接、选择、递进偏正:转折、条件、假设、因果、目的㈢掌握虚词使用的错误类型1、误用不管气候条件和地理环境都极端不利,登山队员仍然克服了困难,胜利攀登到了顶峰。
(93全国)参加研讨会的全体学者对英语或法语都很精通。
(93上海)这哪是雨点?这分明是雪珠吗!是的,是雪珠!(93上海)他们在遇到困难的时候,并没有消沉,而是在大家的信赖和关怀中得到了力量,树立了克服困难的信心。
(97全国)他拿起望远镜看了一阵,想了一会儿,接着在地图上画了一些符号,然后用望远镜仔细地再看了一阵。
贪图小利的人往往只看到自己的小圈子,打自己的小算盘,进而忽视了集体和国家的利益。
(99全国)我们做任何工作,都要对于人民负责。
对于招生问题,招生办有个详细说明。
她把平时做衣服剩下的碎布给孩子们做了书包。
一个人的性格不是生来具有的,而是由于它的家庭和社会环境所决定的。
怎么?他到现在还没有拿定主意学历史或者学地理?他一意孤行,不听劝告,以至犯下这样严重的错误。
他的方言很重,何况又说得快,我几乎没有听懂。
高寒缺氧的恶劣环境,单调枯燥的生活,非但没有难住他,却磨练也了他坚忍不拔的性格。
2、搭配不当只要你能在一小时内完成这篇两千字的文章,虽然够不上发表水平,也可以录用你。
(即使)学生减负,不只是学校单方面的事,而是整个社会的事。
(而且是,更是)只有阳光充足,禾苗就会长得旺盛。
(才)只要充分发动群众,才能提高农业生产水平。
(只有)3、位置不当要是一篇作品里的思想有问题,那么文字即使很不错,也是要不得了。
他因为不喜欢和人交往,所以班里很少有同学了解他。
尽管他行车已三十万公里,却从没有发生过重大事故。
高一英语 语法复习 虚拟语气连词
照对市爱民阳光实验学校高一英语语法复习虚拟语气连词虚拟语气一直都被认为是英语学习中的一个难点,因此也便成为了各类考试的热点。
现就虚拟语气的一些问题归纳如下,以帮助解决拟语气这个语法难点。
一、动词wish后宾语从的虚拟语气1.用wish表示现在的祝愿和报歉。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语be和were(was),实义动词用过去式。
例:I wish the were at home this time.2.用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时。
例:I wish I hadn' t hurt him so much。
3.用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。
其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。
例:I wish I might be able to come tomorrow 。
二、用在一般虚拟条件的虚拟语气〔一〕表示与现在、过去、将来事实相反的假设1.与现在事实相反的假设。
其句子结构为:从句:if+主语+动词的过去式〔be变were〕+其他主句:主语+would(should, could, might)+动词原形+其他例:If I were you, I would go with him.2.与过去事实相反的假设。
其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。
例:If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed exam.3.表示对将来事实实现的可能性不大的假设。
其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+should (were to )+动词原形+其他主句:主语+would (could, should, might)+动词原形例:If he were to go tomorrow. He might tell you.(二) 从句和主句要根据各自发所生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式1.从句表示过去,主句表示现在。
专题03英语虚词必背短语
专题03虚词必背短语Aas if/though 好像,仿佛as long as 只要;和……一样长as soon as ……就……as usual照例,照常,跟往常一样as well 也,还as well as 既……又……;除……之外(还)aside from 除……以外ask for help 寻求帮助ask for leave 请假ask for trouble 自找麻烦,自讨苦吃assist sb. in doing 帮助某人做……assist sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事associate….with 联合;把……与……联系在一起associate with 与……相关;和……来往at a bargain 廉价地at a constant speed 以恒定速度;勾速at a dimerent time 在不同的时间at a disadvantage 处于不利地位at a discount低于正常价格,打折at a distance 在远处,有一些距离,稍远一些at a loss 不知所错,困感at a speed of 以………速度at a time一次;每次:在某时at all(用于否定句句末)根本;究意at all costs 无论如何,不惜任何代价at all times 一直;始终at an end 完结,结束;耗尽at any price无论如何:不惜任何代价at any rate 不管怎样,无论如何,至少at any risk 无论冒什么风险,无论如何at any time 在任何时候,随时at best 充其量,至多at Christmas 在圣诞节at church 做礼拜at dawn 在黎明时刻at dusk 在黄昏at ease 安逸,自由自在;舒适at first 首先,最初(=at/in the beginning) at first sight/glance 乍一看,初看起来at full length 极详细地,详详细细地;全身平伸地at hand 近在手边,在附近at home 在家;在国内at intervals 时时,不时;相隔一定距离(或时间)at last 终于,最后at length 最后,终究;详尽地at midnight 在午夜at(the)most 至多,最多at no time 从不,决不at once 立刻,马上at one time 曾经,一度at one's command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候at one’s earliest convenience 在某人方便的时候尽早at one's own pace 按某人自己的节奏at one's service 听某人差遣,听凭某人吩咐at peace 处于和平/和睦状态at present 目前,现在(at the present time)at random 随机地,任意地at risk处境危险,遭受危险at rush hour 在高峰期间at the age of 在……岁时at the beginning of 在……之初at the bottom of在……底部或末端at the cost of以……为代价at the edge of 在……边缘at the end of在……末,在……尽头;在……结束时at the expense of 以……为代价at the foot of 在……脚下at(the)least至少at the mercy of 任由……摆布;受……支配at the moment 此刻;那时at the rate of 按……速度;按……比率at the risk of冒着……风险at the sacrifice of 以牺牲……为代价at the same time 同时;然而at the sight of 一看见……(就……)at the start of 在……开始的时候at the thought of 一想到……;一想起……at the top of 在……顶端at times 有时,偶尔at war 在交战,在打仗at will 随意地;任意地at work 在工作;在运转attach great importance to认为……很重要;高度重视……attach sth. to sth.把某物附在某物上attempt to do sth.试图做某事,努力做某事Bbase….on/upon….把……建立在……的基础上be about to do sth.正要做某事;即将做某事be absorbed in 全神贯注于,专注于be abundant in..……丰富,富于…....be committed to 致力于;委身于;以……为已任he accompanied by 在……的陪同下be accesible to易到达…;易接近…………,易进入……be concerned about 关心,担心be concened with 与…--有关系/有牵连;对………be accused of被指控……,被告有关心be addicted to……上于..be adequate to do sth.足以做某事be connected wihh 与……-有关系be content with 满足于…be crazy about 对……狂热/着迷be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事be crowded with 挤满了be amazed at 对……感到惊讶/大为惊奇be curious about 对……感到好奇be anxious about/for 为……担心be applied to 应用于,适用于be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事be appropriate to 对……很适合be devoted to 专心于/致力于……的;献身于……的;be ashamed of 对……感到惭愧/羞耻对……深爱be associated with sb./sth.与某人/某事有关be astonished at 对……感到非常惊讶be distant from 离……遥远be available 可供使用的;有空的be dying for极想/渴望…be/become aware of 知道,意识到be dying to do sth.极想做某事,渴里做某事be/get back on one's feet 经受打击后重新振作;东山再起be enthusiastic about 热衷于;对……充满热情be bad for 对……有害be equal to sth.胜任某事be badly in need of急需·……be expected to do sth.有望做某事;被期待做某事be beneficial to对…-有利/有益be faced with 面临,面对be blamed for 因……被责备be blessed with有幸拥有………,被赋予……;享有……的be familiar to 为……所熟悉be familiar with 对……熟悉be famous for/to/as以……面著名/对于……来说很be bound to do 一定或注定做…… 出名/作为…面出名be buried in 沉思,专心于(工作等)be filled with 充满……(=be full of)be fond of 喜欢;喜爱be forced to do sth.被迫做某事be busy doing忙于做…be foreign to…对………是陌生的;与……无关的be capable of 能够be good at 擅长(=do well in)be careful not to do 小心不要做……be good for 有益于;对……有好处be caught in突然遇上(风、雨等)be cautious about谨慎对待;当心be greedy for 对……贪婪的/贪心的be classified as被归类为be clear about 对……明白;对……明确对……感到内疚be hard on sb.对某人严厉be/get close to 接近,靠近be home to 是……的所在地/发源地be of the same age 同龄be honoured for 因………而受到尊敬be/feel honoured to do sth.做某事感到荣幸be on/off duty上班/不上班be on good terms(with)(与…)关系很好be on vacation 在度假be hungry for 渴望……be opposed to 反对,反抗(to 是介词) bcbe hot at/on 对……-很拿手.精通………be optimistic about 对……持乐观态度be impressed by'with 对……印象深刻,留下深刻印象be particular about 对……挑剔be in fashion 时兴,流行be passionate about 热爱……,酷爱……be in fear(of)(为-)提心吊胆be piled with 堆满…be pleased to do 乐于做………be in good condition 情况良好be popular with/among 受……的欢迎be/get prepared to do sth.准备做某事be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪be in prison 在献中,被监禁be in want of 需要……be puzzled about/with 对……感到困感be in/have the habit of 有……的习惯be get ready for 为……-做准备be independent of不依赖…;不受……支配;独立be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事be intended to do sth.打算做某事be/become interested in 对……感兴趣be reduced to tears 伤心落泪be referred to as被称为…be known for/as/to因…而著名/作为…--而出be related to 与…-有关be lacking in 欠缺,没有be relevant to 与…密切相关be likely to do sth.很可能做某事,有希望做某事be limited to 局限于be respectful of 尊重be loaded with 装满…be responsible for 对…-…-负有责任;是……的原be located in/at位于,坐落于be restricted to限于,局限于be lost in 沉浸于…….专心于…..be made up of 由……组成/构成be satisfied with对……感到满意be marked on 标记在be scared/frightened to death 吓死be marked with 标记着be meant to do sth.打算/有意要做某事be scheduled to do sth.计划做某事,被安排傲某事be modelled after根据……模仿/仿造be seated 就座,坐下be named after 根据…命名be native to 源于……,原产于…be senior to sb.比某人年长;比某人级别(地位等be knowledgeable about在……方面知识渊博的; be sensitive to 对……敏感be sent to 被送到….…be set in 以……为背景be nothing to 对……无足轻重be separated from与…-分离/分开be occupied with(doing)忙于(做)…be of bad/poor quality质量差be short for 是……-的缩写/简称be of benefit to对…-有益处be short of 短缺,缺乏be of great importance(to)(对……)很重要be similar to 与……相似be of great/no significance有重大/无意义be starved of 急需bring shame on 给……-带来耻导bring out 显示.使易现,出版bring..to life 使……复活,烟子……生命bring.to light 使……显露出来bring up 养育.抚养;呕吐build one's confidence 建立某人的信心bum down 烧毁,烧坏build up 送步建立,逐渐积聚build up one's strength 增强体力想做……bum to the ground 烧成灰烬by accident 意外地,偶然地by all means 无论如何:当然可以burst into 突然……起来by and by 不久,马上by chance 偶然地,意外地by any chance 或许,可能by contrast 通过对比持(做)某事by design 故意地by hand 用手工,用体力by heart 凭记忆.记牢by law据法律,在法律上by letter 以书信形式大白by luck 走运地;侥幸地by means of 用.依靠,凭借by mistake错误地;由于差错:无意地by nature 生性:出于天性by night 在夜间,趁黑夜by no means一点儿也不by now 到现在,这时by oneself 单独by request 依照请求需要,适合by sea/air乘船/乘飞机by the end of 到……结束时;到……时为止by the piece 按件计算by the time 到……的时候by the way 顺便说一下by the year 按年计by tradition 按照传统风俗by way of 通过……方式,经由by weight 按重量Ccome about 发生,产生can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事cheer up 使高兴,使振奋;振作起来,打起精神check out 检验,得到证实;结账离开;check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记;托运(行李care about 关心.忧虑,惦念call for 要求,需要,呼吁,提倡call on/upon 拜访.访问(后接sh.);号召call one's names 骂某人calm(..)down(使……)平静下来can not choose but do 不得不做……,只好做can't be bothered to do不想心去做…can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事catch fire 着火(表示动作)catch one's eye/catch sight 引人注目catch sight of 看见.瞥见catch up with 赶上,追上carry out 贯彻.执行,实行;实现,完成carry through 坚持到底,进行到底;履行(承诺) change one's mind 改变主意compare...o.…. 把……与……相比,把……比作……compared with 与……比起来concentrate(.….)on.(把……)集中在……;come from 来自,出生于come into force 生效,实施come into being/existence 形成,产生come into effect(法律决议等)被实施,开始生效consist in 在于;存在干congratulate sh.on 为……祝贺某人consist of 由……组成come into use 投人使用,开始使用contrary to 与……相反come into view/sight 出现在视野中,映人眼帘contribute to 有助于;捐献;带来,促成;投稿contribute.to.….把……捐献拾……convince sh. of.使某人相信某事come out 出来,出现;开花,发芽;出版,发表;come over 顺便来访息、真相等)为人所知,结果是;(照片)冲洗cope with 对付,应付;处理come round/around to 短暂访问:改变心态;改变count on/upon 依靠,指望come to苏醒;总数是,总计;come to a sudden stop突然停下来cut across抄近路穿过;走近路cut away 切除;割掉;砍掉;剪去come to an end终止,结束cut down 砍例;削减;减少使用come to life 苏醒过来,开始有生气cut in 打断;插嘴cut off 切断(水、电等).中:阻碍,阻挡come to oneself苏醒,恢复常态come to power 当权;上台用、食用)cut through 开辟(出路或通道)come true 实现,成为现实cut up 切碎,剁碎come up 走近;发生;升起;上升;发芽;(问题)被提出comment on 对……发表评论come up with 想出(主意),提出Ddance to music 伴着音乐跳舞date from/back to 起始于,追测到day after day 日复一日day and night 夜以随日地draw one's attention 引起某人的注意draw the anger of 引起……的债部deal with 处理,对付;涉及;做生意decide on/upon 决定;选定dream about/of梦见,梦想dress up 乔装打扮decorate...with用…-装饰…depend on 取决干;依赖;依靠drop by 顺便拜访deserve to do sth.值得做某事die away减弱、消失;渐熄;(风、声音等)渐弱,渐息; due to 由于,因为die down逐渐变弱;逐渐平息;逐渐暗淡die from/of因…面死;死于…die off 相继死去;先后死去die out 天绝;消失differ from 和……不同do one's part尽自己的职责do with 利用,处理do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠;帮某人忙do well in 在…方面做得好do wrong做错,做错事;做坏事differ in 在……方面不同eat away侵蚀,腐蚀,逐渐破坏differ with 和……不一致,不同意dig out 挖掘出;发现disagree on/about/over sth.在某事上意见不一致discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人做某事,使某人打消做某事的念头dive into迅速把手伸人;投入.钻研do/cause damage to 对……造成损害do good to 有益于…do harm to损害,对……有害do justice to公平对待;使……的价值充分发挥Eequip…with.装备.配备;备有……以……装备escape doing sth.逃过/逃避做某事even if/though 即使,纵然ever since 从那以后every now and then 有时;偶尔every time 每次,每当except for 除……之外exchange for…以……换取……earn respect from赢得………的尊重exchange...with sb.和某人交换……exist in 存在于……之中expose..to….使……露于…………·使……临…end(up)with 以……结束;以……告终end up doing 以……面告终;最终处于….enjoy oneself过得快乐;玩得开心Ffind fault with 挑期:批评:抱您find out 发现:查明,弄情情况;揭发first of all 首先,第一fit in相适应,相融合fall asleep 人睡;睡着fail to do sth.未做成某事focus on 集中,关注fold up 折叠;对折;例用;放弃fall behind 落后,落在……后面fall ill 生病fall in love with sh. 爱上某人for a moment 一会儿,片刻for a time 一度;暂时;有段时间for a while 一会儿far from 远离;远非,完全不for ever 永远;永久for example/instance 例如for fear of/that 生怕…… 以免…far/long into the night 直到深夜for free 免费far too 极其;非常;远远for fun 开玩笑地,非认真地feed on 用……喂养;(动物)以……为食for good 永远;水久feed...to…把……喂给……for joy 高兴地feed...with...(=feed...into.)供给,供应;把…….塞入….. feel at home 在家中般轻松自在;感觉自在.无拘束for nothing 免费,徒劳feel forced/pressured to do 感觉被迫做………for one thing...for another一方面……另一方面…· feel confident in 对……充满信心:对……感到有把握for one's benefit 为了某人的利益feel like doing sth.想做某事for pleasure为了消遣;为了取乐feel good 感到愉快(或有信心等)feel one's way(如在黑暗中)摸索着走动;for sale 出售;待售for short 简称,缩略for sure/certain 肯定地for the better 好转向好的方向发展feel oneself 感觉很好;觉得身体正常for the first time 第一次not feel oneself 觉得身体不好:感觉身体不舒服for the moment 暂时目前for the purpose of为了……的目的:为了…for the sake of 为了;为了……的利益for the time being暂时,眼下for want of 因缺乏……force..out(of)挤走;迫使……离开;把……从…forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事forget to do ath.忘记要去做某事forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做了)某事frankly speaking 老实说,但率地说free from 无一…的,免……的;使摆脱;免于free of charge 免费from all over the world 来自世界各地离开,出发,动身from beginning to end 从头到尾,从开始到结束from now/then on 从今以后/从那时起from one's point of view从某人的观点/立场/见地from the bottom of one's heart 真心诚意地,发自内心地from time to time 间或;时常fulfill a dream 实现梦想Gget hold of 得到,抓住get started开始get paid for 因……-得到报酬get rid of除去.去掉;免除,摆脱get over越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成get on with sb.与某人相处get married to 与…--结婚get/be involved with 卷人,参加,参与get on 上车(船等);取得进展,进步generally speaking 一般来说挥……最大功效get through通过;(设法)微完;接通电话:渡过(难get a taste of体验;感受;尝试关),熬过(困难时期等);用完,耗尽get across 被传达;被理解;把……讲清楚get together 聚会,联欢get ahead走在(某人的)前面;领先;胜讨(某人)get up 起床,起立get along with 与……相处;取得进展get upset 伤心:感到不安get around/about 传播;流传;各处走动get away(from)离开,脱身,摆脱;逃离,逃脱get away with(做坏事而)未受惩罚,被放过;受到give away露(自己的情况);泄露(秘密);赠送get back 取回,找回,重新获得;报复get badly hurt 受到严重伤害give birth to 出生,分娩;诞生,出现give in 屈服;让步;投降;交上;呈上give life to赋予…-生命力/活力give off 发出,放出(气味热、光等)give out 发出(热、光等);分发,散发;公布,宣在get down to sth.开始做某事;开始认真注意(或对待) 用完give sb.a ride让某人搭车give up 放弃,抛弃;停止,中止give way to 让路.让步;被…代替glance at/over 警见,瞥一眼,扫视glance through 相略地看go across 穿过,越过go after追赶追逐,追,go without 没有……也行get along with伴;进发展;grow into 成长为go bad 变质go by走过,经过(时间流;遵循(或依照)事:go from bad to worse 每况愈下喜欢,被……所吸引;努力争取go in for 对……有兴趣.爱好;参加(考试/竞赛)go mad 发疯go missing 丢失;不见go/be on a diet 节食have a word with sh.与某人交谈go on继续;上场;发生;(灯)亮;通(电)go on a holiday 去度假go on sale 上市销售have/gain access to 有使用……的机会;有进入… go on a journey 去旅行go on with 继续go out出去;送出;播出;发布;(火或灯光)熄灭go over仔细检查;复习,温习go shopping/hiking去购物/去徒步go smoothly进展顺利go through 浏览,翻阅,审查,详细研究;通过,完成;go to college 上大学Hhead for 前往;出发have nothing in common with 和……无共同点have…in common 有相同的特点have an effect on/upon 对……有影响have an impact on/upon 对……有影响;对……造成have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难have fun with/doing sth.乐于做某事have affection for 喜爱,钟爱have words with sh. 与某人吵架have a good/great/wonderful time 过得愉快have a deep love for 深爱…happen to do/be 碰巧…….hang up挂断电话:置,拖延hang on 别挂断(电话);抓紧.紧;保回,不放弃hand over(to)移交,转交hand out(to)分发;提出,给予(建议、惩罚等)hand down 宣布;把……传下去hand in(to)交上,交付,提交have a gift foe 有……的天赋have a population of..有…-人口have a temperature 发烧head towards 向……方向进发;驶向hear about/of 听到,听说hear from 收到……的信(或电话电子邮件等);得到……的消息help with 在某方面帮忙here and there 到处,各处hit on/upon偶然发现;忽然想到hit sb. on the head 打某人的头hold back阻止;控制(感情等);隐瞒hold down 压制;压低hold on 坚持;等一等,别挂断hold onto抓住不放,坚持hold one's breath 屏住呼吸,屏气hold up 举起,竖起;支持住;延误,使耽搁Iif necessary如果有必要的话if not 如果不if only但愿,如果……就好了impress sb.with sth.给某人留下……印象impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事;使某人明白某事的重要性in a flash 转瞬,立刻in a hurry 匆忙地,急切地in a mess 杂乱,乱成一团in a rush 赶紧;匆忙in a second立刻,马上,一会儿in a sense 在某种意义上in a short while 不久in a...voice 用……声音(说),……声地in a way在某种程度上in a word总之,一句话in action在运转,在活动中in addition另外,此外in addition to除……之外(还有,也)in advance预先,事先;提前in agreement with 同意;与……一致in all/total总共,总计in answer to 回答;作为对……的回答in any case无论如何,不管怎样in astonishment/surprise惊讶地,吃惊地in brief简单地说,简言之in case 以防;万一;假使in case of 万一;如果发生;假设in cash 用现金,有现钱in celebration of 为庆祝……in chaos 混乱,处于混乱状态in charge of 负责,掌管in the charge of 由……管理in company with sb.和某人一起in/by comparison with与……相比较in conclusion 总之in conflict with 与……冲突;与……相抵触in connection with 与……有关in consideration of作为对……的报酬in contact with接触;与……有联系in contrast与此相反;比较起来in control(of)掌管,控制in danger 处于危险之中in debt负债;欠情in decline在下降;在减少;在衰落;在衰退in defence of保护,防护;为……辩护in detail 详细地in doubt 怀疑的,未确定的in effect 事实上(=in fact);在实施中,有效in exchange for交换;互换;作为……的交换in fact 事实上in favour of支持,赞同in general总之,通常;一般说来,大体上join in 加人;参加join up (with sb.)(与某人)联合,会合;参军,人伍judging from/by根据……判断,由……推测jump to one's feet 一跃而起;跳起来just now 刚才;此刻,眼下just the opposite 正好相反,恰巧相反just the same 还是;完全一样;照旧Kkeep a promise遵守诺言keep a record of 把……记录下来;保留……的记载保持……记录keep a secret保守秘密keep an eye on照看,留意,密切注视keep away(使)避开;(使)不靠近keep in touch with 与……保持联系keep it up 保持优秀成绩,继续做下去keep one's balance保持平衡keep one's eyes on 注视,盯着……看keep one's word守信用,履行诺言keep out 使……不进入;不卷人keep pace with 跟上,同……步调一致keep up继续;维持,保持kill time 消磨时间kind of有点儿,有几分knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)knock down(被车)撞倒;推倒;拆掉,拆毁(建筑物)knock into撞上;与……相撞knock out 打倒,击昏;淘汰;使不省人事know about/of了解,知道……的情况Llarge amounts of大量的long for 渴望long for sb. to do sth.渴望某人做某事look about 四下环顾;查看;察看look after 照顾,看管look ahead 向前看;展望未来;为将来设想look around/round环视,环顾,四下察看;游览、参观look around for 到处寻找;搜寻look as if/as though 看起来好像……lookat(仔细)察看,检查;思考,考虑,研究look away from把目光从……移开look back 回头看;回顾,回忆;回首(往事)look back on/upon 回顾look down on/upon蔑视,轻视,瞧不起look for 寻找,寻求;期望,期待,盼望look forward to 盼望;期待look like 看起来像……look into 向……里看;调查;审查look on/upon…as 把……看作;把……视为look out 向外看;注意;当心,提防look out for 当心;寻找,搜寻look over 查看,检查look through 透过……看去;看穿;快速查看,浏览lookup拜访,探访;(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅,查检;好转,改善look up to 钦佩,仰慕,尊敬lose confidence in 对……失去信心lose face 丢脸lose faith in 不再信任……lose heart 丧失勇气;灰心lose one's heart to 喜欢上……;倾心于……lose one's mind 发疯;神经错乱lose one's voice 失声,嗓子哑lose one's way 迷路lose sight 看不见;失去视力lose sight of 看不见,消失lose touch with 与……失去联系lose track of失去……的线索;跟不上……的进展lose weight 减肥;体重减轻Mmake a breakthrough 取得重大突破/进展make a change做出改变make a choice 做出选择make sure 查明,弄清楚;确保make sure of 确定;确保;尽力做到make the best of尽可能利用(指对不利的条件等充分利用) make the most of 充分利用;尽情享受make time for 为……腾出时间make trouble闹事,捣乱make up 编造,杜撰;组成,构成;弥补;和解;化妆铺(床) make up for 补偿,弥补make up ones mind下定决心,打定主意make use of 利用,使用make good use of 好好利用make way for 给……让路,让位于……manage to do sth.设法做成某事mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味着做;意思是做meet with遭遇(某事);会见(某人)mess with 与……有牵连;卷人millions of数百万的mind one's own affairs/business少管闲事miss out 错过;遗漏;省略mix up 混淆;弄乱more and more 越来越……more or less 或多或少,……左右more than超过;多于most importantly最重要的是move in/into 迁人,搬进来Nname after 以……命名not a few 不少;相当多not..any longer/more 不再not...at all一点也不;丝毫不not in the least 一点也不;毫不not more than 不超过not to mention 更不用说,不必提及nothing but 除了……now and again 不时;时而now and then偶尔;有时;不时now that 既然,由于Oobject to 反对; 不同意;不赞成occupy oneself in 专心于;忙于occur to sb.(观念或想法)被某人想到;出现在某人头脑中of one’s own属于某人自己的of one's(own)free will 出于自愿of oneself自动地,自然而然地on account of 因为,由于on an average 平均而言;一般说来;作为平均数on average 平均,平均起来on behalf of代表; 为了;以……名义on board 在车(船、飞机等)上on business 出差on condition that 如果;只要,条件是Pparticipate in 参加;参与pass away 去世,逝世pass by 经过pass the time 打发时间;消磨时光pay attention to 注意;重视pay off偿清;得到好结果,取得成功pay one's respects to sb.向某人致敬pay/make a visit to 访问permit doing sth.允许做某事permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事persuade sb. of sth.使某人相信某事persuade sb.to do/into doing sth.说服某人做某事pick out 精心挑出;认出来,辨别出pick up捡起;搭载;(偶然)学会;接(电话);感染得到;(碰巧或廉价地)买到;收听(广播);改善,好转pile up 堆积;积压piles of 成堆的;一大批place an order with 向……订购play a joke on sb./play jokes on sb.戏弄某人play a part/role(in)参与,起作用,扮演角色play a trick on sb./play tricks on sb.捉弄某人plenty of 大量的plug into 把电器(插头)插入;接通point out 指出,指明point to/at指向;指着Qquarrel about/over 为……而争吵quarrel with 跟(某人)吵架;不赞同,反对(某事)queue up 排队等候quite a few/little 相当多Rraise awareness of 提高对……的认识raise money筹款raise one's eyebrows (at sth.)扬起眉毛(表不赞同或惊讶)raise one's spirits 使振奋;使鼓起勇气range from….to…在……到……的范围内变化rather than 而不是reach a compromise 达成妥协reach out 伸出(手);提供援助reach out to sb.向某人伸出援手react against 反对;反抗react on/upon起作用于;对……有影响react to(对……)作出反应;回应read…into…. 理解……时加进……;对……做过多的理解read over/through认真通读;仔细核对reason with sb.与某人理论;规劝某人;(用道理)劝说recognise…as…. 把……当作……;承认……为……recover from从……中恢复健康/恢复常态refer to 提到,谈到;参考,查阅;涉及,关于;指的是;适用于refer to.….as…. 把……称作……reflect on 认真思考,沉思regardless of不顾,不管relate to 与……有联系;与……有关联rely on 依靠,依赖remark on/upon 对……发表评论remember me to….代我向……致意remind…of.… 使……想起……Sscores of 许多;大量scream at sb.对某人大声喊叫search for 寻找,搜索second to none首屈一指see sb.off 为某人送行see...as… 把……看作……see through 看透,识破see to 办理;照管;料理seeing that...鉴于,由于;因为seek out 找出,搜出seek shelter 寻求庇护seek to do 试图做;设法做select sb./sth. as….选定某人/某物为……send a message to 给……送信/发送消息send away发送;派遣;解雇;驱逐send for派人去叫/请/拿send off发送,寄出send out分发,散发;发出(光、信号、声音等)send up(通过滑稽模仿)取笑,讽刺;判(某人)人狱sentence sb to death判某人死刑separate…from….把……和……分开;使……和……分离set about 开始做;着手做(尤指费时、费力的事)set an example to sb.给某人树立榜样set aside将……在一;为…节省或保留(钱或时间);暂不考虑;撤销,驳回set down写下,记下;规定set fire to 给……点火set free 释放(某人)step by step逐步地step forward走出,向前进;站出来stick out 把……坚持到底;突出,醒目stick to 坚持;遵守;粘住store..away/up贮存;贮藏;保存strangely enough 奇怪的是,真奇怪stress the importance of强调……的重要性struggle against同……作斗争struggle for为争取……而奋斗struggle to do 努力做;极力做subscribe to 同意,赞成;捐助;订购succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事such as 比如;诸如suffer from 忍受,遭受;患……病;受……之苦sum up 总结,概述supply sb. with sth./supply sth. to sb.为某人提供某物suspect sb. of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事swallow up(海浪等)吞噬(船等),淹没;吞并;花光(钱),耗尽sweep over 向……扩展;掠过,席卷sweep up 打扫switch off(用开关)关掉;切断(电源) switch on 接通,打开,开启Ttake a course 选课;修一门课程take a deep breath 深呼吸;深吸一口气take a look at 看一看;检查take a shower 冲澡;淋浴take a risk/take risks冒险take a walk散步take a year off休假一年take action 采取行动take advantage of 利用take after(外貌或行为)像(父或母)take(an active)part in(积极)参加to make matters worse 更糟糕的是t o one’s amusement令某人感到好笑(有趣)的是to one’s astonishment/surprise令某人惊讶的是to one's credit 值得赞扬的是to one's delight使某人高兴的是to ones joy 使某人高兴的是to one's regret 让某人遗憾的是to one’s relief让某人宽心的是to one's shame 令某人感到羞耻的是to one’s sorrow令某人悲伤的是to one's taste合乎某人的口味to some degree在某种程度上to start with 首先;作为开始(=fora start)to tell(you)the truth 说实话,实话实说to the point 中肯的,扼要的;切题的too.….to… 太……而不能……Uunder attack受到攻击under consideration在考虑中under construction 在建设中;正在施工中under control处于控制之下under debate/discussion在讨论中under pressure 面临压力,在压力之下;受到压力under repair 在修理中under the control of在……的控制之下under the influence of在……的影响下under the impression of以为…;(通常指)误认为……under the name of 用……名字;以……假名under the protection of在……的保护之下up and down上上下下;来来回回up to达到,至多有up to date 时新的,时髦的;拥有(或包含)最新信息up to now 到现在为止upon graduation一毕业(就……)upside down 倒置地;颠倒urge on 鼓励,激励,鞭策,为……加油use one's head 动动脑筋use up 用完,耗尽Vvarious kinds of各种各样的vary from 与……不同vote for/against投票赞成/反对Wwait and see耐心等待;等着瞧wait for 等待,等候;(尤指长期地)希望,盼望,期待wake up 醒来;唤醒,叫醒;活跃起来,使活跃;开始警觉;开始了解真相wake up to 意识到;认识到wander about/around/through徘徊,闲逛,漫游warn sb.of sth.告诫(提醒)某人当心(注意)某事wash away冲走,冲掉,冲垮。
英语语法高分学习方法:语境中的虚词
英语语法高分学习方法:语境中的虚词虚词是对应实词而言的另一大词类,主要是指没有多少实际意义且在句子中不能独立承担句子成分的词。
其最大的特点是:没有词形的变化。
常见的虚词有:冠词(art.):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如:a,an,the等。
介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如:in,on,from,above,behind等。
连词(cD,!,.):用来连接词、短语或句子。
如:and,but,before等。
感叹词(interj.):表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如:oh,well,hi,hello等。
(1)冠词冠词只有三个,主要难点是特定用法。
下面我们就来看看短语中是否添加冠词对词义或句意的影响吧!来看看下面的练习,你知道哪个是正确答案吗?Can you finish the book in a month or two?a. Yes, it's out of question.b.No,it's out of____question.A. the; theB.×;×C.the;×D.×;the此题应选D。
out of qu estion“没问题”(=without question);out of the question“根本不可能”(=impossible)。
表面上看,只是一个冠词的问题,但差之毫厘,谬以千里哟!试着翻译一下下面的句子吧!①a. Three months after her marriage, she was with child.b. She came to see me with a child.②a. Great changes have taken place here since 1978.b. Now plastics have taken the place ofmany materials.①a.婚后三个月她就怀孕了。
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易,但要让人们都相信是他们在造谣,在短期内却是办不到的。而且,咱们倘若真这样做了,也只会导致与他们之间的结怨更深。至于说他们 的好话,那倒也不必。我是想,咱们不妨与这彭掌柜的私下里协商,研究出一个两全其美的解决办法来。这样,两家的铺子就可以各赚各的钱, 甚至还可以互相扶持对方的发展呢。如此一来,岂不是化敌为友了嘛!”李老乡说:“和则共荣,斗则俱伤,这个道理倒是对的!可要操作起 来,又该从哪里下手啊?”耿正说:“这就是需要咱们尽快商量确定的大事了。看起来,咱们得在已经成功经营的商品上做一些让步了;更确 切地说,是彼此之间的让步。这是因为,他们也得给咱们让出一些来,好让大家都有盈利的空间!”于是,老乡四人如此这般地认真商讨了一 番。当意见达到一致之后,决定由年轻的耿正出面,次日上午去约见“彭记丝绸行”彭显贵掌柜的。事实上,大凡造谣生事者,其内心深处却 也是很虚的。他们也都担心事情一旦败露,反倒让自己无脸见人。当然,那些就连自己的脸面也不顾及的人,就另当别论了。再则,倘若是稍 微有一些良心的人,还会或多或少地为自己的所作所为感到亏心或愧疚,因此间也愿意想办法进行一些亡羊补牢式的弥补。上述这位扮演了不 光彩角色的彭掌柜的当时就鉴于这两者之间。尽管由于“昌盛丝绸行”受困于自己店铺里伙计们制造的那些个谣言而暂时性地经营受挫,从而 使得自己店铺里的生意最近几天有了明显起色,但是他心里却也非常明白,这并不是一个长远之计;一旦日久了谣言被彻底戳穿,反倒会对自 己更加不利!又想起父亲在世时经常提醒他的有关‘诚信经营’的那些个祖训,越想越不是个滋味儿,反倒终日里如坐针毡了。如此,铺子也 无心照料,大多数的时间里都呆在门面店铺后面的家中苦心冥想,思考着下一步的对策。但无奈却是越想越没辙,越没辙就越郁闷,近两日已 经是茶饭不思了。那一日上午,正当他一个人坐在小院儿里的泡桐树下苦苦熬煎时,一个伙计慌慌张张地跑了进来,说:“彭掌柜的,不好了, ‘昌盛丝绸行’的耿二掌柜的来了,说是要见您哪!”由于事先没有任何思想准备,所以,这彭显贵掌柜的当时听了这话,且看到这个伙计如 此惊慌的样子,也不免有些吃惊。不过,他可不想让伙计看出来自己的惊慌失措,于是就故作镇静,假装漫不经心地问:“只他一人吗?可像 一只斗架的公鸡?”来报信的伙计说:“只他一个人,倒还文质彬彬的样子呢!”彭显贵听伙计如此说,虽说稍微放心了一些,但心里还是没 有底,再则也不想轻易放下自己的那一副臭架子。于是,他故意装出一副很不屑的样子,说:“哼,小娃子一个,想来干啥呢。告诉他,我忙 着呢,不见!”把这个来报信的伙计
• (6) I took a taxi and which took me to the station. • 这里的并列连词“and”是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留 “and ”也可,但是形容词分句(定语从句)里的关系代词 “Which”要改成主语“it” ,使整个句子变成并列分句如下: • I took a taxi and it took me to the station. • (7) My friend came p to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
• 从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分 句。例如: • (4) He said that he did not want to go .
• (5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.
• (6) You may come if you want to.
• 这里的“and”应该用来连接最后两个谓语才对:
• My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said goodbye excitedly. • 不然,就要把“said”改成“saying”。 • My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying goodbye excitedly
• (5) No sooner had we reached our destination, they left. • "No sooner"必须和"than" 配成关联连词,把"than" 省掉是不对的,应该补上: • No sooner had we reached our destination than they left. • 这句子的意思也可透过“as soon as”反映出来: • “As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”
• 上述连词的用法,看起来不难,但错误也难免。下面 是些好例子: • (1) This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book. • 这里的“as well as”和“both”不能搭配,应该将 “as well ”改为“and”,使“both.......and......” 变成关联连词( correlative conjunction) • (2) He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
• 这里的“not only”应该移到“speaks”后面,使这 个动词兼顾两个等立宾语:“Mandarin”和 “English”。
• (3) Although he is fat, but he is very weak. • 英语里的“although”和“but”是不见面的 ,因此这 句里的“ but”要去掉,不然“although”就要出来。 • (4) Jim is not so strong like you. • 这里的“not so”必须和“as”连成一体;介词“like” 是不适宜的。
Link words:
连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词, 短语与短语以及句与句的作用。从结构上说,英语连接词分两大 类:并列连词(coordinating conjunctions)和从属连词 (subordinating conjunctions)。 1.并列连词用来连接两个或两个以上地位平等且属于同一层次并 具有相同句法功能的词、短语(当然包括介词短语了)或句子。如: and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。 2.从属连词只能用来引导名词从句和各类的状语从句。常见的有: after, although, because, before, if, lest,once, since, that, till, unless, until, when, where, whether, while 等。 e.g. He lives where the climate is mild. 他住在一个气候温暖的地方
• 并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。例 如:(1) Air and water are indispensable to me. • (2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
• (3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.