American_Lit_class_7
新概念英语青少版1A(unit_7)
第十一页，共31页。
Points
3. please: 表示礼貌的请求。
请给我那个铅笔盒。
Please give me the pencil-case. 请开门。
Open the door, please.
4. No harm done.
用来友好地回答别人的道歉，它表示冒犯是暂时的， 现在已经没关系了。
4. The pencil-case is Dad’s favourite thing. (What…?)
一般疑问句：
Is the pencil-case Dad’s favourite thing?
特殊疑问句：
What is Dad’s favourite thing?
第十八页，共31页。
Game 游戏
Guided Conversation ②2
Mum’s new ruler / on the desk? (Where…?)
A: Is Mum’s new ruler on the desk?
B: No, it isn’t.
A: Where is Mum’s new ruler?
B: It’s in Lucy’s schoolbag.
long
put
schoolbag
Here you are
第六页，共31页。
Let’s try
Karen: __W__h_e_re_’ms y pen, Lucy?
Lucy: Which pen, Mum?
Karen: The blue ____. one
Lucy: This one?
Karen: Yes, that one. It’s my
Unit 7 课文翻译
V. Translation美国国家公园曾经，美国共和党被认为是环保党。
毕竟，阿贝·林肯划分了后来成为约塞米蒂国家公园的第一块地。
尤利西斯·辛普森·格兰特保护了成为黄石国家公园的那块地。
所有人都知道西奥多·罗斯福，他的成就很多，他签署了1906年颁布的《美国古迹法》，保护了美国大峡谷。
卡尔文·柯立芝保护了冰川湾；德怀特·艾森豪威尔为建立南极国家野生动物庇护所作出了第一步努力。
在共和、民主两党支持下，20世纪70年代理查德·尼克松颁布一系列保护环境的法案：《空气清洁法》、《美国国家环境政策法案》、《濒危动物法案》。
美国国家公园管理处管理着七千七百多万英亩的土地，320个不同种类的公园，最近审批的一个还覆盖了阿拉斯加广袤原始土地。
所管辖的公园种类多样，有城市公园、名胜古迹、海滨公园、国家河流，还有越来越多将公众休闲放在第一位的休闲区。
还有就是国家公园了，虽然它们吸引着成千上万的游客，但是国家公园的首要职能还是环境保护。
在一个贸易自由、商业利益强大的国度，这些公园所起的作用不可或缺。
在横跨旧金山湾的金门大桥边，生态环境保护者为保护仅存的红杉树，创办了红杉树国家公园，这些红杉高大挺拔。
伐木工人异常愤怒，在城市中游行示威，高喊“禁止再建公园”。
但是环保主义者和生态环境保护者总有他们自己的口号，这是“自由的国度”，他们的影响力也比其他国家环保主义者的影响力要大。
第一个国家公园是成立于1872年的黄石公园，位于怀俄明州。
黄石公园的一切都可以和浪漫联系在一起，将沸水柱喷射到200英尺高空的间歇泉，拥有奔腾河流和宏伟瀑布的大峡谷。
还有白雪皑皑的山峰、群树环绕的湖泊、广袤的森林、一望无际的草地，黄石河蜿蜒其间，直至流入大峡谷。
草地上，野牛、麋鹿、驼鹿和梅花鹿都来这里栖息吃草。
美国国家公园是世界上保护自然环境的典范。
所有公园都尽可能保持原生态。
中部平原以西地区，木材商摧毁了大片森林，但在森林公园中，禁止砍伐任何一棵树。
B7 Unit9 The Artist in____ America
inform (Para.6): to give character or essence to e.g. the principles which inform modern teaching Comedy informs the novel.
unsparing (Para.7): : very generous e.g. be unsparing in /of sth. be unsparing in one’s efforts / praise platitude (Para.7): : statement which is considered meaningless and boring because it has been made many times before in similar situations e.g. a speech full of platitudes piety: showing respect for , devotion to God and religion
Poetry is where emotion has found it’s thought and the thought has found words.
--Robert Frost
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening ——by Robert Frost
Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow. My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. The only other sound's the sweep Of the easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.
SmartScience：跟美国学生同步学科学（彩色英文版Grade7）
SmartScience：跟美国学⽣同步学科学（彩⾊英⽂版Grade7）001The human heart is one of the most amazingorgans in the human body. It pumps life-givingblood throughout the body. It also workstogether with blood and blood vessels tomake sure the cells get everything theyThe blood then returnsThe heart is located slightly to the leftin the middle of the chest. It has two hollowspaces or chambers. The blood goes into theatria, and is then pumped into the ventricles —two lower chambers. From here blood goes to the lungs and to every cell in the body. A valve in each ventricle stops blood from flowing backwards. An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Arteries are sometimes as thick as a thumb.Blood is composed of red cells, white cells, and platelets floating in a fluid called plasma. This is a liquid, which can easily pass through small blood cells into cells. It makes up over half of the blood. Plasma carries nutrients (food) from the stomach to be used as fuel for energy. Plasma001organ : part of an organism that has a special, vital function chamber : a cavity in a plant or in the body of an animal artery : a muscle-walled tube forming part of the blood circulation system I. Answer the following questions.1) Where is the heart located?2) What is the circulatory system?3) What is blood made from?Word ListYou PracticeThere are several types of clouds that appear in the sky at various times of year. These different kinds of clouds can result in weather that brings rain or snow, or may simply stop the Sun from shining brightly. Clouds are made from tiny water droplets or ice crystals.There are three basic forms of clouds. Stratus clouds form in a blanket-like layer. Cumulus clouds are puffy clouds that appear to rise up from a flat bottom. Finally, cirrus clouds form at very high altitudes out of ice crystals, and have a wispy, feather-like shape. The term “nimbus” is added to the name of the cloud if it brings rain or snow to an area.The height of a cloud allows it to be grouped into a family. The families are: low clouds, middle clouds, high clouds, clouds that develop 004puffy : soft and pillowy vertically : up and down precipitation turbulent : changing very quickly downpour : very heavy rainI. Answer the following questions.1) What are the three basic types of clouds?2) What are the various cloud families?3) How is fog different from other kinds of cloud?Word ListYou Practice。
英语人教PEP版七年级(上册)Unit7SectionAGrammarFocus(3a-3c)
Brief summary
1. 询问单数物品: — How much is the/this/that + 单数名词? — It’s + 数额.
2.询问复数物品: — How much are the / these / those +复数名词? — They’re + 数额.
How much is/are…?
It’s… /They’re…
Grammar
How much询问价格
1. 询问单数物品: — How much is the/this/that + 单数名词? — It’s + 数额.
例句: —这件蓝色的毛衣多少钱? —How much is the blue sweater? —九美元。 —It’s nine dollars.
2.询问复数物品: — How much are the / these / those + 复数名词? — They’re + 数额.
例句: —这双绿色的袜子多少钱? — How much are the green socks? —三美元。 — They’re three dollars.
Practice
Complete the sentences
翻译句子
1. —那顶帽子多少钱？ —五美元。
—H__o_w_ _m_u_c_h_ is the hat? —_I_t_'_s_ five _d_o_ll_a_rs_. 2. —这件T恤衫多少钱？ —七美元。
—_H_o_w_ _m__u_ch_ _is_ this T-shirt? —_It_'_s_ seven _d_o_l_la_r_s_. 3. —那件棕色的毛衣多少钱？ —八美元。
cambridge checkpoint science 7 课程标准
cambridge checkpoint science 7 课程标准Cambridge Checkpoint Science 7是一门针对7年级学生的科学课程，旨在提供基础的科学知识和实践技能。
以下是该课程的详细内容：1. 科学方法和实践：- 学生将学习科学研究的基本原则和方法，包括观察、提出问题、设计实验、收集数据、分析结果和得出结论。
- 学生将了解实验室安全和实验室设备的使用方法，并学习如何记录实验过程和结果。
2. 生物学：- 学生将学习有关生命的基本概念，包括细胞结构、细胞功能、组织、器官和系统。
- 学生将了解生物多样性、遗传学、生态系统和环境保护的基本原理。
- 学生将学习如何进行植物和动物分类，并了解不同物种之间的相互作用。
3. 化学：- 学生将学习有关化学元素、化学反应和化学变化的基本概念。
- 学生将了解物质的性质和变化，包括溶解、反应速率、酸碱中和和氧化还原反应等。
- 学生将学习如何使用化学实验室设备进行实验，并学习如何进行化学方程式的平衡。
4. 物理学：- 学生将学习有关力、运动、能量和热的基本概念。
- 学生将了解物体的运动和力的相互作用，包括速度、加速度、力的大小和方向。
- 学生将学习有关能量转换和传递的原理，包括机械能、热能和电能。
5. 科学与社会：- 学生将学习科学与技术的关系，以及科学对社会和环境的影响。
- 学生将了解科学研究的伦理原则和科学发现的社会影响。
- 学生将学习如何评估科学信息的可靠性，并了解科学与个人健康、社会发展和环境可持续性之间的关系。
Cambridge Checkpoint Science 7课程旨在培养学生的科学思维能力和实践技能，为他们在科学领域的进一步学习打下坚实的基础。
该课程将通过理论知识的学习和实验实践的开展，培养学生的观察力、分析能力和解决问题的能力，使他们能够更好地理解和应用科学知识。
american middle class
Social value
Carpe diem .In other words ,its core is to fully enjoy the social material life . And Jazz is a symbol of hedonism(享乐主义) ，which is a product of consumptive society.
在美国，市场的形成先于农村生 产者。中产阶级在城市形成之前、 在城市之外就产生了。 在欧洲，中产阶级在城镇中心形 成，而在美国，散居在空旷的农 村空间的自由农夫组成了数量巨 大的独立的老中产阶级--他们从 来就不是欧洲意义上的农民与贵 族。
在19世纪初期，在美国城 镇，大约4/5从事职业活 动的人是私人小企业主。 他们从事多种的经济活动: 商业、借贷、投机、运输、 家屋建筑业、手工劳动。
American middle class
By 焦笑笑 关兰兰
Definition of middle class
The earliest definition of middle class appeared in 1951. More specifically , middle class can be divided into higher middle class and lower middle class . There is no a fixed evaluation criterion of middle class ,but mostly according to their yearly family income ,occupation , education.
Industrialization
In the late 19th century， the United State became a big industrial country which features with big production , expensive consumption.
高中英语 第一部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第7课(文本)素材
高中英语第一部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第7课英语翻议讲解：1.thoughtful a.深思的, 体贴的例句：A sober and steady type, he is meticulous and thoughtful in handling matters. 这个人很沉稳，处理问题细密周到。
2.exhibit v.展现, 陈列, 展览例句：These painters have a silimar painting style. We need some paintings of different styles to exhibit. 这几位画家的画风有些类同，我们需要找些画风迥异的作品做展览。
3.donate v.捐赠例句：Provided we meet our profit targets, we will donate one million dollars to charity. 如果我们的盈利达到了预定目标，我们将为慈善事业捐献100万美元。
4.endanger vt.危及例句：Home delivery of baby may endanger the mother's life. 不在医院分娩可能危及母亲的生命安全。
1.If you move closer to the sculptures, you realize they are made up of thousands of carefully stacked small plastic bottles for storing medicines.made up of由……组成例句：The team is made up almost entirely of Zimbabwean. 队里几乎全部都是津巴布韦人。
2.People buy the tickets in hopes of winning large amounts of money.in hopes of怀着...的希望, 希望能...例句：We are sending out samples in hopes of gaining comments. 我们正在寄送样品,征求批评意见。
American English美式英语(简化)
• From the point of view of their currency in Britain and the USA all lexical units may be subdivided into general English (those found on both sides of the Atlantic), Americanisms (those specific of present-day American usage) and Briticisms (typical of British English).
2) The definite article ―the‖ is often omitted before ―day‖ the day before yesterday — day before yesterday the day after tomorrow — day after tomorrow
the substitution of one consonant for two consonants
• • • • • BrE Traveller Programme Waggon cigarette • • • • • AmE Traveler Program Wagon cigaret
AMERICA chapter7
中 南 财 经 政 法 大 学外国语学院 —— 江红
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law - School of Foreign Languages
PART III setting up business in Brazil? And their etiquettes? Business Taboos in Brazil
To shake hands (firmly, eye contact, bow) To extend hands with passion To address them Mr./Ms./Miss with a sweet smile in a formal introduction To prefer first name to the title in the office To use business cards in the business field To keep a personal space of 50cm To be honest to introduce oneself Not to ask for age, personal income, price and political attitudes “you are overweight” is an insulting remark
中 南 财 经 政 法 大 学外国语学院 —— 江红
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law - School of Foreign Languages
中 南 财 经 政 法 大 学外国语学院 —— 江红
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law - School of Foreign Languages
模块七 Unit 1阅读材料中英文对照版
Unit 1 Living with technologyThe evolution of video and sound devicesEarly history of TVThe first public TV broadcasts were made in the USA in 1925. Later, in 1928, the first long-distance TV broadcast was made between the UK and the USA. Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards, first beginning on 11 May 1928 in New York and on 20 August 1929 in London.Many different people contributed to the development of TV. Most early TV broadcasts were made using a system develop ed by John Logie Baird in the UK.However, his system was very primitive and had many drawbacks. An American,Philo Farnsworth, made important breakthroughs in the development of TV in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Modern TVs use many of the principles first discovered by Farnsworth.John Logic Baird constructed the first colour TV in 1928, but it was not until 1938 that the first colour TV programme was broadcast. It took more than two decades, though, until 1951, for regular colour TV broadcasts to begin in the USA. Regular colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until 1967. However, within a short time nearly all TV broadcasts were made in colour, and within five years more colour TVs than black-and-white TVs were being used.The modern age：satellite TVSatellites were used to broadcast TV beginning in 1962. Satellites allow TV to be broadcast live over vast distances, with everyone receiving the same broadcast at the same time. They also make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities, and satellite dishes can often be seen distributed throughout the countryside and remote areas. Of course, only a small percentage of people own satellite dishes.However, most people still benefit from satellite TV, as local TV companies broadcast the signals they get from satellite receivers to the population living nearby. Early history of sound recordersIt all began in 1877, when Thomas Edison made the first recording of a human voice on his invention, the record player. Early record players used round tubes to record on. However, in 1887 Emile Berliner, a German living in the USA, invented a record player that used discs as alternatives to tubes, and so the modern record player was born. The first record players had to be wound up by hand and only played records that were two minutes long. Times surely have changed!Sound and video recordersIn 1928, the first tape recorders used to copy sound were made in Germany. Most early recorders employed steel tape to record on, which made them heavy and difficult to use, or paper tape, which was easier to use but often broke. It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders began using plastic tape as they do today. Meanwhile, electrical components eventually became so small that, by the late 1960s, portable cassette players were developed, along with video recorders which were used by TV stations. By the late 1970s, video recorders small and cheap enough for home use were introduced.Sound and video go digitalIn 1982, the first CDs were made available. CDs are often used for storing and playing music because they have a much better sound quality than traditional records and cassettes. In 1993, the VCD was born, and in 1995, the DVD was invented. The DVD is now the standard for recordingand playing back video.The futureWith the development of digital technology, sound and video can now be stored on a PC, on the Internet, or using some form of portable storage. This will soon make records, cassette recorders, CDs, DVDs and even TVs things of the past. Technology is now changing faster than most people can keep pace with. Who can foresee what the future will bring?ProjectTo phone or not to phone?In the USA, the Amish--a Christian group--are famous because they drive carriages instead of cars, do not use TVs or refrigerators, and do not have personal telephones. Many people assume the Amish must have religious reasons for their many rules, but this is not true. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. They then vote on whether they will accept it. The Amish reject cars because they like having tight communities where everyone lives close together. They have no TVs or refrigerators because their homes do not have electricity--they do not think it is necessary and dislike dealing with strangers, such as the people who work at the electric company.Since the Amish value seeing each other face to face, they oppose having telephones in their houses. However, in each community there is often a small building that has a telephone for emergencies.The telephone is very convenient for communication, and most people in the world today cannot live without it. However, maybe the Amish have a valid point. Which is more of a friend, someone you often talk to over the phone or someone you often talk to face to face? And, if you need help, who can help you better, someone far away or someone in the room with you? There is something important about being together and sharing life that cannot be found over a telephone wire.There are other disadvantages to the telephone, as well. For example, no matter what the circumstances, when the phone rings, everything stops so that the call can be answered. Your family could be eating dinner or chatting together, yet this will be interrupted. However, most phone calls are not really that important; certainly, they could not be more important than family time. Then, when you are absorbed in a book or simply trying to rest, the phone always seems to be ringing, destroying whatever peace you might have. However, the person calling is often merely a salesman or someone who has dialled the wrong number.With mobile phones, these problems increase. How many times have you been talking with a friend, only for your friend to interrupt the conversation to answer a call? For some reason, a typical mobile phone call is nearly always given greater importance than a face-to-face conversation. Yet, once again, most mobile phone calls are about rather small matters. When asked later what the call was about, your friend always answers, 'Oh, nothing really.' If the call was really about 'nothing', then why was it so important as to interrupt your conversation and waste your precious time?Of course, using the mobile phone for text messages is the worst. In one study, girls average 80 text messages a day, and boys average 30. What do people talk about in text messages? While these messages always seem important at the time, most people cannot really remember them the next day. Phones and text messages focus on building relationships with many people. However,these relationships are often quite shallow. Many teenagers say that while they have a lot of friends, they really have no best friend. The use of technology for communication rather than talking face to face is one reason why this is true. Meanwhile, real relationships are often sacrificed, and whatever personal peace one has is destroyed whenever the phone rings. The Amish in general have a higher degree of mental health than most people. They have very calm and stable lives because they value community and living in peace above all else, especially new technology. Maybe they are right. Maybe we should throw all of our phones into the dustbin, along with our cars and TVs for good measure. Maybe we should rid ourselves of modern technology and return to simpler times.What's that? ... Sorry, I have to go. The phone's ringing ...影像和声音设备的发展电视的早期历史无线电视传输节目于1925年在美国首次公开播出。
unit 7 how-america-lives
Pre-reading questions
• American lifestyle • Others first: • ☆ it is regarded curteous to open the door for others; • ☆ more important to do so for ladies • ☆ not necessary when you are waiting for your turn
More info., refer to:/newcomer/
Pre-reading questions
• American lifestyle • Going for a walk: • ☆ walk during morning hours and after dinner; • ☆ walk in parks or other proper places; • ☆ keep body fit in gym, Gold’s Gym is a national chain
VS
Section 2: Pre-reading activities
Text Explanations Despite these problems, the writer feels confident that America has good prospects.
He feels proud of his motherland, of the great American people, and of the unique American democratic system. Separation of
Supplementary material:
高考英语单词C(开头)
1 cabbage['kæbidʒ]n. 卷心菜, 洋白菜; vt. 偷窃2 cafe['kæfei; (US) kæ'fei]n. 咖啡馆, 小餐馆3 cage[keidʒ]n. 笼子, 监狱, 笼状结构; vt. 关入笼中4 cake[keik]n. 蛋糕, 薄饼, 块状物, 小菜一碟(容易做成的事);vt. 涂厚厚的一层, 覆盖, 填满; vi. 结成块5 call[kɔ:l]n. 呼叫, 访问, 打电话, 请求, 把…看作; vt. 呼叫,访问, 打电话, 把…看作; vi. (短暂的)拜访, 呼叫6 call for需要, 邀请, 接人7 calm[kɑ:m]n. 平稳, 风平浪静; adj. 平静的, 冷静的; v. 平静下来, 镇静8 camera['kæmərə]n. 摄像机, 照相机9 camp[kæmp]n. 露营, 帐棚, 训练营, 做作; v. 露营, 扎营, 做作; adj. 做作的10 can[kæn, kən]aux. 能, 可以; n. 罐头; vt. 罐装11 Canada['kænədə]n. 加拿大12 Canadian[kə'neidjən]adj. 加拿大的, 加拿大人的; n. 加拿大人13 cancel['kænsəl]n. 取消, 撤消; vt. 取消, 删去, 约分; vi. 抵消14 candle['kændl]n. 蜡烛15 cap[kæp]n. 帽子, 盖子, 顶; vt. 给戴帽, 覆盖顶端, 超过, 形成化学键于, 抑制; vi. 形成化学键16 capital['kæpitəl]n. 首都, 资本, 大写字母; adj. 大写的, 资本的,首要的17 captain['kæptin]n. 船长, 队长, 首领; vt. 率领, 指挥18 car[kɑ:]n. 小汽车, 车厢, 吊舱19 card[kɑ:d]n. 卡片, 纸牌, 名片, 打牌, 节目单; vt. 附上或提供卡片, 印卡, 在卡片上列出, 检查资格20 care[kɛə]n. 小心, 照料, 忧虑, 慎思, 焦虑因素; vi. 关心, 照顾, 喜爱; vt. 介意, 希望; abbr.=Cooperative forAmerican Remittances to Europe 汇款到欧洲合作社21 care for照顾, 喜欢, 介意22 careful['kɛəful]adj. 小心的, 仔细的23 careless['kɛəlis]adj. 粗心的, 疏忽的; n. 不关心的, 粗心的1 / 9[反]attentive24 carpet['kɑ:pit]n. 地毯, 毛毯; vt. 铺以地毯, 铺盖25 carrot['kærət]n. 胡萝卜, 报酬, 好处26 carry ['kæri]n. 搬运, 射程, 投射, 联运; vt. 负载, 运输, 传送, 传播, 表达, 带有, 容纳, 承担, 怀孕, 延续, 推动, 赢得, 记录; vi. 负载, 被传达, 容许被运输, 被通过27 carry on继续进行28 carry out vt. 施行, 实现29 cart[kɑ:t]n. （二轮或四轮）运货马车, 手推车; vt. 用马车装载, 用手提（笨重物品）, 强行带走30 case[keis]n. 情况, 实情, 箱, 案例; vt. 装箱, 踩点31 cash[kæʃ]n. 现金; vt. 兑现, 付现款; adj. 现金的32 castle['kɑ:sl]n. 城堡; vt. 置于城堡中, (棋)移动王车易位; vi.(棋)移动王车易位33 cat [kæt]n. 猫, 猫科动物, 邪恶的女人, 吊锚机, 单帆小船;vt. 吊锚; vi. 寻找性交伴侣; (CAT) 电子计算机横断层扫描34catch(caught,caught)抓住35catch upwith赶上36 cattle['kætl]n. 牛, 家畜, 畜牲(复数)37 cause[kɔ:z]vt.引起, 使发生; n.原因38 cave[keiv]n. 山洞; vt. 挖空, 塌落, 屈服; vi. 塌落39 ceiling['si:liŋ]n. 天花板, 上限40 celebrate['selibreit]v. 庆祝, 祝贺, 颂扬41 cent[sent]n. 分42center/centre中心43 central[sen'trɑ:l]adj. 中心的, 基本的, 折中的, 中枢的44 century['sentʃəri]n. 世纪, 一百年, 成百的东西45 ceremony['seriməni]n. 典礼, 仪式, 礼节, 礼仪46 certain['sə:tn]adj. 确定的, 必然的, 特定的; pron. 某几个, 某2 / 9些47 certainly['sə:tənli]adv. 当然48 chain[tʃein]n. 链, 连锁, 束缚; vt. 用铁练锁住, 束缚, 囚禁49 chair[tʃɛə]n. 椅子, 席位, 讲座, 要职; vt. 上任, 使担任（某事务）的主席, 主持50 chairman['tʃɛəmən]n. 主席, 会长51 chalk[tʃɔ:k]n. 粉笔; v. 用粉笔写, 记录52 chance[tʃɑ:ns]n. 机会, 意外, 运气, 风险; vi. 偶然发生; vt. 偶然发生, 冒险53 change[tʃeindʒ]n. 变化, 零钱; v. 改变54 change...into变成55 channel['tʃænl]n. 通道, 频道, 海峡, 方法; vt. 引导, 开导, 形成河道, 输送56 chapter['tʃæptə]n. 章, 回, 篇, 牧师的例行会议, 地方分会57 character['kæriktə]n. 个性, 品质; 字符; 人物; 名誉; 地位; adj.[剧](角色)代表某一特性的58 charge[tʃɑ:dʒ]n. 电荷, 指控, 费用; 照顾, 责任; vt. &vi 控诉,加罪于, 要价, 赊帐, 充电, 管理59 chat[tʃæt]n. 聊天, 闲谈; v. 谈天, 闲谈60 cheap[tʃi:p]adj. 便宜的, 品质低的, 虚伪的; adv. 便宜地61 cheat[tʃi:t]n. 骗子, 欺骗行为; v. 欺骗, 作弊62check/cheque检查63 cheek[tʃi:k]n. 面颊, 脸蛋; vt. 粗鲁地向...讲64 cheer[tʃiə]n. 愉快, 激励, 欢呼; vt. 加油, 鼓舞, 快活起来; vi.使振奋, 欢呼65 cheese[tʃi:z]n. 乳酪, 干酪, 要求照相的人说的口形词; vt. 停止66 chemistry['kemistri]n. 化学, 化学性质, 相互作用67 chest[tʃest]n. 胸, 大箱子, 金库, 资金, 一箱, 密封室, 衣橱68 chicken['tʃikin]n. 鸡, 鸡肉, 胆小, 懦夫; adj. 懦弱的, 胆小的69 chief[tʃi:f]adj. 主要的, 首席的; n. 首领70 child (pl. 小孩3 / 9children)71 chimney['tʃimni]n. 烟囱72 China['tʃainə]n. 中国, 瓷器73 Chinese['tʃai'ni:z]adj. 中国的; n. 汉语, 中国人74 chocolate['tʃɔkəlit]n. 巧克力, 巧克力糖, 巧克力饮品; adj. 巧克力的, 有巧克力糖衣的, 巧克力色的75 choice[tʃɔis]adj. 上等的, 精选的; n. 选择, 挑选76 choose (chose, chosen)选择77 Christmas['krisməs]n. 圣诞节78 church[tʃə:tʃ]n. 教堂, 礼拜仪式, 基督教徒; adj. 教堂的; vt.把...带到教堂接受某种宗教仪式79 cigar[si'gɑ:]n. 雪茄烟80 cigarette[sigə'ret]n. 香烟81 cinema['sinimə]n. 电影院, 电影82 circle['sə:kl]n. 圆周, 社交圈, 循环; v. 包围, 盘旋, 环绕83 citizen['sitizn]n. 公民, 市民84 city['siti]n. 城市85 civil['sivl]adj. 国内的, 公民的, 文明的, 有礼貌的, 民用的86 clap[klæp]n. 拍手, 拍手声, 一阵强风; vt. 鼓掌, 击掌, 轻敲,急速放置; vi. 砰的一声, 突然离开87 class[klɑ:s]n. 班级, (等)阶级, 种类; vt. 分类88 classmate['klɑ:smeit]n. 同班同学89 classroom['klɑ:srum]n. 教室, 课堂90 clean[kli:n]adj. 干净的, 正当的, 纯洁的, 完全的, 精准的, 空的; adv. 完全地; n. 清洁; v. 打扫, 清扫91 clear[kliə]adj. 清楚的, 明确的, 澄清的, 头脑清醒的; vt. 澄清, 清除障碍, 使明亮, 明确; vi. 变清晰, 消失, 放晴;adv. 清楚地, 一直; n. 间隙, 空地, 开旷的地方92 clerk[klɑ:k; klə:k]n. 职员, 办事员93 clever['klevə]adj. 聪明的, 机灵的4 / 994 climate['klaimit]n. 气候, 风气, 气氛95 climb[klaim]v. 攀登, 上升, 爬; n. 攀登(处)96 clinic['klinik]n. 诊所, 门诊部, 科室97 clock[klɔk]n. 时钟, 计时器98 close [kləuz]n. 完结, 结论; adj. 靠近的, 亲近的, 几乎, 密切的, 势均力敌的; vt. 关, 结束, 靠近; vi. 关, 停业, 搏斗; adv. 紧挨着, 紧紧地99 cloth[klɔ(:)θ]n. 布料, 一块布100 clothes[kləuðz]n. 衣服101 clothing102 cloud103 club104 coal[kəul]n. 煤, 木炭, 运煤工; vt. 烧成炭, 供应煤; vi. 装煤,加煤105 coast[kəust]n. 海岸, 海滨, 滑坡; vt. 沿海岸而行; vi. 下滑106 coat[kəut]n. 外套, 一层, 动物皮毛; vt. 外面覆盖, 盖上毛衣107 cock[kɔk]n. 公鸡, 雄禽, （男子间友好的互称用语）老兄, 阴茎;vt. 立起, 竖起; vi. 昂首阔步地走108 coffee['kɔfi]n. 咖啡109 coin[kɔin]n. 硬币, 金钱, 货币; vt. 制造钱币, 创造; adj. 与硬币有关的110 cold[kəuld]adj. 冷的, 漠然的, 客观的; n. 感冒, 低温; adv.唐突地, 无回旋余地地, 即兴地111catch/takecold感冒, 伤风112 collar['kɔlə]n. 衣领, 项圈; vt. 抓住, 为...戴上项圈113 collect[kə'lekt]adj.& adv. 对方付费(的); vi. 聚集, 积累; vt.收集, 推论, 接走114 college['kɔlidʒ]n. 学院, 学校, 社团, 枢机主教团115colour/color颜色116 comb[kəum]n. 梳子, 梳状物, 鸡冠, 蜂巢; vt. 梳理, 清理, 搜查, 用梳子; vi. 搜寻5 / 9117 come (came, come)来，发生118 come back n. 回来, 恢复(知觉、记忆等）, 回想起, 卷土重来, 重新流行, 反驳119 come down v. 下降, 潦倒, 流传120 come from vt. 来自(起源于) 121 come in进来, 起作用122 come on v. 突然产生, 要求, 成为...负担, 偶遇, 跟着来, 开始, 出台, 上演; 快点, 赶快123 come out vi. 出现, 显露, 出版, 发表, 结果是124 comfort['kʌmfət]n. 舒适, 安慰, 安慰者; vt. 安慰125 comfortable['kʌmfətəbl]adj. 舒适的, 充裕的126 command[kə'mɑ:nd]n. 命令, 指挥, 控制; v. 命令, 指挥, 支配;n.[计算机] DOS命令: 引用辅助命令处理器127 common['kɔmən]adj. 共同的, 平常的, 普通的; n. 平民, 普通, 公地, 公园128 communicate[kə'mju:nikeit]vt. 传达, 传播; vi. 交流, 沟通, 联通129 communism['kɔmjunizəm]n. 共产主义; Communism: 共产主义学说, 共产主义制度130 communist['kɔmjunist]adj. 共产主义的; n. 共产主义者131 companion[kəm'pænjən]n. 同伴, 同事, 成对物品之一, (船的)甲板间扶梯(或扶梯的顶篷); v. 陪伴132 company['kʌmpəni]n. 同伴, 客人, 一群, 连队, 公司; vt. 陪伴; vi.联合133 compare[kəm'pɛə]v. 比较, 比喻, 对照; n. 比较, 对照134 compete[kəm'pi:t]v. 竞争, 对抗135 complete[kəm'pli:t]adj. 彻底的, 完整的, 已完成的; vt. 完成; 使圆满, 使完美136 composition[kɔmpə'ziʃən]n. 作文, 著作, 组织, 合成物, 成份137 computer[kəm'pju:tə]n. 计算机138 comrade['kɔmrid]n. 同志139 concentrate['kɔnsntreit]n. 浓缩, 精选; v. 集中, 专心, 浓缩140 concern[kən'sə:n]n. 关心, 忧虑, 关心的事; n. 公司, 企业; vt. 涉6 / 9及, 影响, 关心141 concert['kɔnsət]n. 音乐会, 一致, 和谐; vt. 制定计划, 通过协商达成一致; vi. 合作142 conclude[kən'klu:d]vt. 使结束, 缔结, 断定, 得出结论; vi. 结束,作出决定143 condition[kən'diʃən]n. 情况, 条件; v. 以...为条件, 决定, 支配, 训练144 conductor[kən'dʌktə]n. 售票员导体145 confident['kɔnfidənt]adj. 确信的, 自信的146 congratulation[kənˌgrætju'leiʃən]n. 祝贺147 connect[kə'nekt]vt. 连接, 联通, 使有联系; vi. 连接, 接通148 consider[kən'sidə]vt. 考虑, 思考, 认为149 consist[kən'sist]n. 组成; vi. 组成, 存在, 一致150 construction[kən'strʌkʃən]n. 建设, 建造, 结构, 构造151 contain[kən'tein]vt. 包含, 容纳, 克制, 抑制; vi. 自制152 content[kɔntent;kən'tent]n. 内容, 目录, 含量; adj. 满足的, 满意的; vt. 使...满足, 使...安心153 content[kɔntent;kən'tent]n. 内容, 目录, 含量; adj. 满足的, 满意的; vt. 使...满足, 使...安心154 continent['kɔntinənt]n. 大陆, 洲, (the Continent)欧洲大陆155 continue[kən'tinju:]v. 继续, 连续, 维持156 control[kən'trəul]n. 克制, 控制, 管制, 操作装置; vt. 控制, 掌管, 支配157 convenient[kən'vi:njənt]adj. 方便的158 conversation[ˌkɔnvə'seiʃən]n. 会话, 谈话159 convince[kən'vins]vt. 说服, 使...相信160 cook[kuk]vi. 烧菜, 发生, 做好; vt. 编造, 烧, 虚构; n. 厨师,烧菜161 cool[ku:l]adj. 凉的, 凉快的, 冷静的, 冷色系的; adv. 冷静地; n. 凉快; v. (使)变凉, (使)冷静162 copy['kɔpi]n. 副本, 幕仿, 一册, 稿件; vt. 复制, 复印, 抄袭;7 / 98 / 9vi. 复制, 抄写; n.[计算机] DOS 命令 : 复制或组合文件, 拷贝163 corn[k ɔ:n]n. 谷物, 谷粒, 陈词滥调, 鸡眼; vt. 使成颗粒状, 用盐水腌制, 用谷物喂; vi. 变成颗粒164 corner['k ɔ:n ə]n. 角落, 转角, 窘境, 偏僻住所; [计算机] 角点;vt. 使...走投无路, 使...陷入绝境, 垄断, 转弯; adj. 位于角落165 correct [k ə'rekt]adj. 正确的; v. 改正, 纠正166cost (cost,cost) 价格，付出 167 cottage ['k ɔtid ʒ]n. 村舍, 小屋168 cotton ['k ɔtn]n. 棉花, 棉; vi. 向…讨好, 明白, 领悟 169 cough [k ɔ:f]n. 咳嗽; v. 咳嗽 170 could [kud]can 的过去式171 count[ka ʊnt]v. 计算, 视为, 依赖; n. 计数172 counter['kaunt ə]n. 计算器, 计算者, 柜台; [计算机] 计数器; adj. 相反的; adv. 与…相反地; vt. 反对, 反击; vi. 反对, 反击173 country ['k ʌntri]adj. 国家(的), 农村(的); n. 国家 174 couple['k ʌpl]n. 对, 夫妇, 数个; v. 加倍, 成双, 连结 175 courage ['k ʌrid ʒ]n. 勇气176 course[k ɔ:s]n. 课程, 讲座, 过程, 路线, 一道(菜) 177 courtyard ['k ɔ:tj ɑ:d]n. 庭院, 院子 178 cousin ['k ʌzn]n. 堂(或表)兄弟(姐妹)179 cover ['k ʌv ə]n. 封面, 盖子, 表面; v. 覆盖, 涉及, 包含 180 cow [kau]n. 母牛, 母兽 181 crazy ['kreizi]adj. 疯狂的182 cream [kri:m]n. 乳酪, 奶油, 面霜; 精华 183 create [kri'eit]vt. 创造, 造成184 criminal['kriminl]adj. 犯罪的, 刑事的, 无耻的; n. 罪犯185 crop[kr ɔp]n. 庄稼, 收成, 一群, 平头; vt. 割掉, 修剪, 剪短, 收割, 使谷物生长; vi. 啃青草, 种植谷物186 cross [kr ɔs]n. 十字架, 十字架形物件, 交叉, 交叉路; adj. 生气的, 交叉的; vt. 划叉剔除, 画横线于; vi. 穿越; prep. 穿过187 crossing['krɔsiŋ]n. 人行横道, 交叉口, 横渡; 动词cross的现在分词188 crowd[kraud]n. 群众, 一伙, 一堆; vi. 拥挤, 挤满, 挤进; vt.挤满, 将...塞进, 催促189 cruel['kruəl]adj. 残酷的, 残忍的, 引起痛苦的190 cry[krai]n. 叫, 哭, 喊, 口号, 叫卖声, 普遍意见; vt. 大声叫喊, 宣传, 哭得...; vi. 哭, 叫, 喊, 强烈要求191 culture['kʌltʃə]n. 文化, 教养, 种植; vt. 培养192 cup[kʌp]n. 杯子; v. (使)成杯形; vt. 使成杯形193 cupboard['kʌbəd]n. 碗橱194 cure[kjuə]n. 治疗, 治愈, 治疗法; v. 治疗, 治愈, 改正195 curious['kjuəriəs]adj. 好奇的, 奇特的196 curtain['kə:tən]n. 窗帘, 遮蔽物, 幕; vt. 用窗帘装饰, 遮蔽197 cushion['kuʃən]n. 垫子, 橡皮软垫, 缓冲; vt. 加垫褥, 放在垫子上, 保护, 减缓, 为...装垫子198 custom['kʌstəm]n. 习惯, 风俗, 海关199 customer['kʌstəmə]n. 顾客, 家伙200 cut (cut, cut)切友情提示：部分文档来自网络整理，供您参考！文档可复制、编辑，期待您的好评与关注！9 / 9。
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Elias Howe
Байду номын сангаас 1876 Telephone
Born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland, Alexander Graham Bell was the son and grandson of authorities in elocution and the correction of speech. Educated to pursue a career in the same specialty, his knowledge of the nature of sound led him not only to teach the deaf, but also to invent the telephone. Bell's greatest success was achieved on March 10, 1876— The first successful telephone transmission of clear speech using a liquid transmitter when Bell spoke into his device, “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” and Watson heard each word distinctly.
高三英语上学期Unti-7
大师的画自不用说，而土豆的神韵更加彰显在这画里画外。使我越加对土豆花产生亲切难舍的情感，那种情感是对土地的情感，对家乡的情感，对父亲母亲的深厚情感。
365备用登陆 从画中可以看得最真切的就是一家人眼中流露出来的饥渴的神情，那种无声的疾苦与哀伤，好似能从画中流泻出来，蔓延到了身边，好似你就站在这一家人餐桌边，看得那般真切。而梵高所要强调
出的"伸在碟子上的那只手，曾挖掘过泥土。"
是呀，可以从画中想象出朴实憨厚的农民劳作在田野上的情景，可以想象出日出而作日落而息的淳朴农民状态。整个画面最亮的点就是一家人头顶上的那盏昏黄的灯，那灯光洒在农民的脸上，憔悴 的面容，瘦骨嶙峋的身躯凸显出来，让我与我脑海中土豆花的鲜艳与生机勃勃鲜明的对照。
再就是那幅画，除了大师的油墨，那浓浓的香，是弥漫画里画外的土豆的香气，或许，那就是土豆花的香气吧？谁说土豆没有香气呢？你细细一嗅，你稍稍一回味，淡淡的香味就会扑面而来，淳朴， 厚重，自然而清新，源自泥土，源自那双泥土色的一双双粗糙的泥手。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Unit7 How America lives
Unit7 How America lives(1) Americans still follow many of the old ways. In a time of rapid changes it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to. Young people still get married. Of course, many do get divorced, butthey remarry at astonishing rates. They have children, but fewer than before. They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want their children to have religious instruction. They are willing to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries. In fact, when you compare the America of today with that of 1950, the similarities are far greater than the differences. (1)美国人仍然遵循的许多旧的方式。
在一个快速变化的时代里，我们有必要记住还有多少旧的方式我们还在坚持。
年轻人仍然会结婚。
当然，很多离了婚，但他们还会以惊人的速度再婚。
他们有了孩子，但比以前要少。
他们属于教会，虽然他们不太经常参加，却想要自己的孩子接受宗教教育。
American Teenagers(翻译的)
American Teenagers Dangerously Sleep Deprived (失眠)Sixteen-year-old Danny is a typically active teenager. He plays lacrosse（长曲棍球）and football and likes listening to rock music. But Danny is also part of a growing number of teenagers who are sleep deprived."Getting up in the morning is pretty terrible," he says. "I'm just very out of it（窘困）and tired. And then, going to school, I'm out of it. And through first and second period [classes], I can barely stay awake（勉强保持清醒）."Danny is not alone. Surveys show that half of all teenagers in the country are missing an average of one to one and a half hours of sleep every school night, and that's having negative consequences on their performance - in and out of the classroom.While some believe that a teenager's reluctance to get up in the morning is sheer laziness （完全的懒惰）, sleep experts say that's not necessarily the case. Michael Breus, a clinical psychologist（临床心理学家）who specializes in sleep disorders（转门研究睡眠失调）, says kids like Danny aren't just a bunch of lazy kids."These are children whose biological rhythms（生理周期）, more times than not（在很多情况下）, are off（会离开）," says Breus.Negative consequencesTeenager's biological rhythms - often referred to as their circadian rhythms（昼日节律）- favor later bedtimes and later wake-up times.But, with many school systems starting classes as early as 7 a.m., teenagers like Danny often come to school half asleep."We have long known that the more sleep deprived you are, the more cranky （怪癖）you are. So when your child, who really needs eight or nine hours, is only sleeping for seven hours a night, they are going to experience a form of depression（沮丧）that could be significant and could have some pretty major effects on their overall well-being（健康）."According to doctor Breus, that mood-altering deficit（情绪调节的不足）can affect a teen's academic performance（学习成绩）, their athletic ability and even their performance behind the wheel of a car.Any drowsy driver（昏昏欲睡的司机）is dangerous,of course , but especially a teenager with a lack of experience can be even more dangerous.Doctor Breus acknowledges that there are other factors that contribute to a teenager's sleep loss. School is one area where small changes can bring about dramatic results（戏剧性的结果）."There've been multiple research studies that now show that in fact when you change the school start time, allowing children to start later in the morning, their grades（成绩）go up by almost a full letter grade in their first- and second-period (classes)," he says.Later school start time equals happier, healthier teensDozens of school districts around the country have been looking at these studies and are considering ways to adjust（调整）their class schedules.Eric Peterson is head of St. George's School, a private boarding school（私立寄宿学校）for grades 9-12 in the northeastern state of Rhode Island（罗德岛州）.After looking at the medical research on adolescent sleep（青春期少年睡眠）needs and observing students in his own school, Peterson decided to change his school's start time from 8:00 am to 8:30 am on a trial basis to see if a 30-minute change would make a difference."What was really astonishing was how many benefits and how significant the benefits were," "In the research itself, we saw just over a 50% decrease in health-center admissions for fatigue（疲劳）, or fatigue-related illness, or rest requests（请假）. We saw almost 35 percent decrease in first-period tardiness. Students reported that they were more alert. They were less sleepy during the day."And, according to Dr. Patricia Moss, assistant dean（副院长）for Academic Affairs at St. George's School, students weren't the only ones reporting better results in the classroom. “I can say that and in totally virtually（事实上）all the teachers almost noticed immediately much more alertness in the classroom, definitely（显然）a more positive mood all around.” "Kids were happier to be there at 8:30 than they were at 8:00," she says. "So our experience across the total spectrum was, universally, extremely positive and surprisingly so."Peterson says there was another surprising benefit to the later start time."We saw probably a greater than 30 percent increase in student attendance at breakfast, and of the food that they were eating. We more than doubled the amount of milk, eggs, fruit and cereal. So it was quality breakfast foods that the kids were eating. So they were better fueled as well as better rested（精力充沛）."Doctor Ross and Peterson acknowledge that making schedule changes has been easier at a small, private boarding school than it might be for the larger U.S. public school system. But they are hopeful that others will find a way."In the end," says Peterson, "schools ought to do what's the right thing for their students, first and foremost（最重要的）, and this element of the program is very clear - certainly for us as a school - but I think as a general example to other schools, is pretty compelling(受争议的), and so I would argue that it's worth doing."In the meantime（在此期间）, experts say that - as we learn more about adolescent sleep patterns and exactly why they need those nine hours of sleep - it is up to families and individual students like Danny to take personal responsibility for paying more attention to sleep as an essential element of a healthy life.。
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history bespeaks a place that is more complicated than the stories we tell about it. Throughout its history, the South has been a place where poverty and plenty have been thrown together in especially jarring ways, where democracy and oppression, white and black, slavery and freedom, have warred. The very story of the South is a story of unresolved identity, unsettled and restless, unsure and defensive. The South, contrary to so many words written in defense and in attack, was not a fixed, known, and unified place, but rather a place of constant movement, struggle, and negotiation.” (26)
What is Setting?
► In
your group, find an example of Lee referring to place, physical context and historical period.
your example clarify conflict, illuminate character, affect the mood, or act as a symbol? the setting here integral or backdrop?
The South as Setting
The South as Setting
Rural South….
“Old” South
The South as Setting Edward Ayers: “What We Talk about When We Talk About the South”
How does Lee use setting to develop her story?
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"Atticus, are we going to win it?" "No, honey." "Then why-" "Simply because we were licked a hundred years before we started is no reason for us not to try to win," Atticus said. "You sound like Cousin Ike Finch," I said. Cousin Ike Finch was Maycomb County's sole surviving Confederate veteran. He wore a General Hood type beard of which he was inordinately vain. At least once a year Atticus, Jem and I called on him, and I would have to kiss him. It was horrible. Jem and I would listen respectfully to Atticus and Cousin Ike rehash the war. "Tell you, Atticus," Cousin Ike would say, "the Missouri Compromise was what licked us, but if I had to go through it agin I'd walk every step of the way there an' every step back jist like I did before an' furthermore we'd whip 'em this time... now in 1864, when Stonewall Jackson came around by- I beg your pardon, young folks. Ol' Blue Light was in heaven then, God rest his saintly brow...." "Come here, Scout," said Atticus. I crawled into his lap and tucked my head under his chin. He put his arms around me and rocked me gently. "It's different this time," he said. "This time we aren't fighting the Yankees, we're fighting our friends. But remember this, no matter how bitter things get, they're still our friends and this is still our home." Ch 9
► Does
► Is
What is Setting? As you write about setting…
Is the setting important as background or as a key force in the story? What are the social, political, cultural and economic mores of the time? In what physical place is the story set? During what time of day is the story set? Is the story set inside or outside? What role does weather and atmosphere play in the story? How well does the character fit within his or her physical and historical milieu? How is the character shaped by the time period and place in which he or she lives? How does setting influence the plot? Can you support your claims about setting with the text? How does understanding the setting help to understaW
and Plot Points
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What is Setting? Some Basic Terms
…
► Setting
includes the place, physical context and historical period in which the story takes place. ► An integral setting is essential to the plot; it influences action, character or theme. ► A backdrop setting is relatively unimportant to the plot; it is like the featureless curtain or flat painted scenery of a theater. ► Setting can clarify conflict, illuminate character, affect the mood, and act as a symbol. The setting itself can be an antagonist in a person-againstnature conflict.
How does Lee use setting to develop her story?
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"Atticus, are we going to win it?" "No, honey." "Then why-" "Simply because we were licked a hundred years before we started is no reason for us not to try to win," Atticus said. "You sound like Cousin Ike Finch," I said. Cousin Ike Finch was Maycomb County's sole surviving Confederate veteran. He wore a General Hood type beard of which he was inordinately vain. At least once a year Atticus, Jem and I called on him, and I would have to kiss him. It was horrible. Jem and I would listen respectfully to Atticus and Cousin Ike rehash the war. "Tell you, Atticus," Cousin Ike would say, "the Missouri Compromise was what licked us, but if I had to go through it agin I'd walk every step of the way there an' every step back jist like I did before an' furthermore we'd whip 'em this time... now in 1864, when Stonewall Jackson came around by- I beg your pardon, young folks. Ol' Blue Light was in heaven then, God rest his saintly brow...." "Come here, Scout," said Atticus. I crawled into his lap and tucked my head under his chin. He put his arms around me and rocked me gently. "It's different this time," he said. "This time we aren't fighting the Yankees, we're fighting our friends. But remember this, no matter how bitter things get, they're still our friends and this is still our home." Ch 9