常见金融词汇中英对照
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)
金融学专业词汇(中英文对照)目录1. 货币与货币制度 (3)2. 国际货币体系与汇率制度 (4)3. 信用、利息与信用形成 (5)4. 金融范畴的形成与发展 (7)5. 金融中介体系 (7)6. 存款货币银行 (9)7. 中央银行 (10)8. 金融市场 (10)9. 资本市场 (13)10. 金融体系结构 (14)11. 金融基础设施 (14)12. 利率的决定作用 (15)13. 货币需求 (16)14. 现代货币的创造机制 (17)15. 货币供给 (17)16. 货币均衡 (18)17. 开放经济的均衡 (18)18. 通货膨胀和通货紧缩 (19)19. 货币政策 (20)20. 货币政策与财政政策的配合 (21)21. 开放条件下的政策搭配与协调 (22)22. 利率的风险结构与期限结构 (22)23. 资产组合与资产定价 (23)24. 商业银行业务与管理 (25)25. 货币经济与实际经济 (26)26. 金融发展与经济增长 (26)27. 金融脆弱性与金融危机 (27)28. 金融监管 (27)1.货币与货币制度货币:(currency)外汇:(foreign exchange)铸币:(coin)银行券:(banknote)纸币:(paper currency)存款货币:(deposit money)价值尺度:(measure of values)货币单位:(currency unit)货币购买力:(purchasing power of money)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity,PPP)流通手段:(means of circulation)购买手段:(means of purchasing)交易的媒介:(media of exchange)支付手段:(means of payment)货币需求:(demand for money)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)保存价值:(store of value)汇率:(exchange rate)一般等价物:(universal equivalent)流动性:(liquidity)通货:(currency)准货币:(quasi money)货币制度:(monetary system)本位制:(standard)金本位:(gold standard)造币:(coinage)铸币税:(seigniorage)本位币:(standard money)辅币:(fractional money)货币法偿能力:(legal tender powers)复本位制:(bimetallic standard)金汇兑本位:(gold exchange standard)金平价:(gold parity)金块本位制:(gold bullion standard)2.国际货币体系与汇率制度浮动汇率制:(floating exchange rate regime)货币局制度:(currency board arrangement)联系汇率制度:(linked exchange rate system)美元化:(dollarization)最优通货区理论:(theory of optimum currency area)货币消亡:(money disappearance)外汇:(foreign currency)外汇管理:(exchange regulation)外汇管制:(exchange control)可兑换:(convertibility)不可兑换:(inconvertibility)经常项目:(current account)资本项目:(capital account)汇率:(exchange rate)牌价:(posted price)直接标价法:(direct quotation)间接标价法:(indirect quotation)单一汇率:(unitary exchange rate)多重汇率:(multiple exchange rate)市场汇率:(market exchange rate)官方汇率:(official exchange rate)黑市:(black market)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)管理浮动:(managed float)盯住汇率制度:(pegged exchange rate regime)固定钉住:(fixed peg)在水平带内的盯住:(pegged within horizontal bands)爬行钉住:(crawling peg)外汇指定银行:(designated foreign exchange bank)货币的对外价值:(external value of exchange)货币的对内价值:(internal value of exchange)名义汇率:(nominal exchange rate)实际汇率:(real exchange rate)铸币平价:(mint parity)金平价:(gold parity)黄金输送点:(gold transport point)国际借贷说:(theory of international indebtedness)流动债权:(current claim)流动负债:(current liablity)国际收支说:(theory of balance payment)汇兑心理说:(psychology theory of exchange rate)货币分析说:(monetary approach)金融资产说:(portfolio theory of exchange rate determination)利率平价理论:(theory of interest rate parity)外汇风险:(exchange risk)中国的外汇调剂:(foreign exchange swap)3.信用、利息与信用形成信用:(credit)利息:(interest)收益:(yield)资本化:(capitalization of interest)高利贷:(usury)利率:(interest rate)债权:(claim)债务:(debt obligation)借入:(borrowing)贷出:(lending)盈余:(surplus)赤字:(deficit)跨时预算约束:(intertemporal budget constraint)资金流量:(flow of funds)部门:(sector)借贷资本:(loan capital)实体:(real)商业信用:(commercial credit)银行信用:(bank credit)本票:(promissory note)汇票:(bill of exchange)商业本票:(commercial paper)商业汇票:(commercial bill)承兑:(acceptance)背书:(endorsement)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)短期国库卷:(treasury bill)中期国库卷:(treasury note)长期国库卷:(treasury bond)国债:(national debt)公债:(public debt)资本输出:(export of capital)国际资本流动:(international capital flow)国外商业性借贷:(foreign direct investment,FDI)国际游资:(hot money)4.金融范畴的形成与发展财政:(public finance)公司理财:(corporate finance)投资:(investment)保险:(insurance)财产保险:(property insurance)人身保险:(mutual life insurance)相互人寿保险:(mutual life insurance)信托:(trust)租赁:(leasing)5.金融中介体系金融中介:(financial intermediary)金融机构:(financial institution)借者:(borrower)贷者:(lender)货币中介:(monetary intermediation)权益资本:(equity capital)中央银行:(central bank)货币当局:(monetary authority)存款货币银行:(deposit money bank)商业银行:(commercial bank)投资银行:(investment bank)商人银行:(merchant bank)财务公司:(financial companies)储蓄银行:(saving bank)抵押银行:(mortgage bank)信用合作社:(credit cooperative)保险业:(insurance industry)跨国银行:(multinational bank)代表处:(representative office)经理处:(agency)分行:(branch)子银行:(subsidiary)联营银行:(affiliate)国际财团银行:(consortium bank)中国人民银行:(People’s Bank of China)政策性银行:(policy banks)国有商业银行:(state-owned commercial banks)资产管理公司:(assets management company)证券公司:(securities company)券商:(securities dealer)农村信用合作社:(rural credit cooperatives)城市信用合作社:(urban credit cooperatives)信托投资公司:(trust and investment companies)信托:(trust)金融租赁:(financial leasing)邮政储蓄:(postal savings)财产保险:(property insurance)商业保险:(commercial insurance)社会保险:(social insurance)保险深度:(insurance intensity)保险密度:(insurance density)投资基金:(investment funds)证券投资基金:(security funds)封闭式基金:(closed-end investment funds)开放式基金:(open-end investment funds)私募基金:(private placement)风险投资基金:(venture funds)特别提款权:(special drawing right,SDR)国有化:(nationalization)6.存款货币银行货币兑换商:(money dealer)银行业:(banking)贴现率:(discount rate)职能分工型商业银行:(functional division commercial bank)全能型商业银行:(multi-function commercial bank)综合性商业银行:(comprehensive commercial bank)单元银行制度:(unit banking system)总分行制度:(branch banking system)代理行制度:(correspondent banking system)银行控股公司制度:(share holding banking system)连锁银行制度:(chains banking system)金融创新:(financial innovation)自动转账制度:(automatic transfer services,ATS)可转让支付命令账户:(negotiable order of withdrawal account,NOW)货币市场互助基金:(money market mutual fund,MMMF)货币市场存款账户:(money market deposit account,MMDA)不良债权:(bad claim)坏账:(bad loan)不良贷款:(non-performing loans,NPL)存款保险制度:(deposit insurance system)金融资本:(financial capital)7.中央银行中央银行:(central bank)一元式中央银行制度:(unit central bank system)二元式中央银行制度:(dual central bank system)复合中央银行制度:(compound central bank system)跨国中央银行制度:(multinational central bank system)发行的银行:(bank of issue)银行的银行:(bank of bank)最后贷款人:(lender of last resort)再贴现:(rediscount)在抵押:(recollateralize)国家的银行:(the state bank)8.金融市场金融市场:(financial market)证券化:(securitization)金融资产:(financial assets)金融工具:(financial instruments)金融产品:(financial products)衍生金融产品:(derivative financial products)原生金融产品:(underlying financial products)流动性:(liquidity)变现:(encashment)买卖差价:(bid-ask spread)做市商:(market marker)到期日:(due date)信用风险:(credit risk)市场风险:(market risk)名义收益率:(nominal yield)现时收益率:(current yield)平均收益率:(average yield)内在价值:(intrinsic value)直接融资:(direct finance)间接融资:(indirect finance)货币市场:(money market)资本市场:(capital market)现货市场:(spot market)期货市场:(futures market)机构投资人:(institutional investor)资信度:(credit standing)融通票据:(financial paper)银行承兑票据:(bank acceptance)贴现:(discount)大额存单:(certificates of desposit,CDs)回购:(counterpurchase)回购协议:(repurchase agreement)隔夜:(overnight)银行同业间拆借市场:(interbank market)合约:(contract)远期:(forward)期货:(futures)期权:(options)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)期权费:(option premium)互换:(swap)投资基金:(investment funds)契约型基金:(contractual type investment fund)单位型基金:(unit funds)基金型基金:(funding funds)公司型基金:(corporate type investment fund)投资管理公司:(investment management company)共同基金:(mutual fund)对冲基金:(hedge fund)风投基金:(venture fund)权益投资:(equity investment)收益基金:(income funds)增长基金:(growth funds)长期增长基金:(long-term growth funds)高增长基金:(go-go groeth funds)货币市场基金:(money market funds)养老基金:(pension fund)外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)风险资本:(venture capital)权益资本:(equity capital)私人权益资本市场:(private equity market)有限合伙制:(limited partnership)交易发起:(deal origination)筛选投资机会:(screening)评价:(evaluation)交易设计:(deal structure)投资后管理:(post-investment activities)创业板市场:(growth enterprise market,GEM)二板市场:(secondary board market)金融创新:(financial innovation)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)全球化:(globalization)离岸金融市场:(off-shore financial center)9.资本市场权益:(equity)剩余索取权:(residual claims)证券交易所:(stock exchange)交割:(delivery)过户:(transfer ownership)场外交易市场:(over the counter,OTC)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押债券:(mortgage bond)担保信托债券:(collateral trust bonds)信用债券:(trust bonds)次等信用债券:(subordinated debenture)担保债券:(guaranteed bonds)初级市场:(primary market)二级市场:(secondary market)公募:(public offering)私募:(private offering)有价证券:(security)面值:(face value)市值:(market value)股票价格指数:(share price index)有效市场假说:(effective market hypothesis)弱有效市场:(weak efficient market)中度有效市场:(semi-efficient market)强有效市场:(strong efficient market)股份公司:(stock certificate)股票:(stock certificate)股东:(stock holder)所有权:(ownership)经营权:(right of management)10.金融体系结构功能主义金融观:(perspective of financial function)金融体系格局:(pattern of financial system)激励:(incentive)公司治理:(corporate governance)路径依赖:(path dependency)市场主导型:(market-oriented type)银行主导型:(banking-oriented type)参与成本:(participative cost)影子银行体系:(the shadow banking system)11.金融基础设施金融基础设施:(financial infrastructures)支付清算系统:(payment and clearing system)跨境支付系统:(cross-border inter-bank payment system,CIPS)全额实时结算:(real time gross system)净额批量清算:(bulk transfer net system)大额资金转账系统:(whole sale funds transfer system)小额定时结算系统:(fixed time retail system)票据交换所:(clearing house)金融市场基础设施:(financial market infrastructures)中央交易对手:(central counterparties,CCPs)双边清算体系:(bilateral clearing system)系统重要性支付体系核心原则:(the core principles for systemically important payment system)证券清算体系建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)中央交易对手建议:(the recommendations for central counterparties)金融业标准:(financial standards)盯市:(mark-to-market)公允价值:(fair value)金融部门评估规划:(financial sector assessment program)12.利率的决定作用可贷资金论:(loanable funds theory of interest)储蓄的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of saving)投资的利率弹性:(interest elasticity of investment)本金:(principal)回报率:(returns)基准利率:(benchmark interest rate)无风险利率:(risk-free interest rate)补偿:(compensation)风险溢价:(risk premium)实际利率:(real interest rate)名义利率:(nominal interest rate)固定利率:(fixed interest rate)浮动利率:(floating rate)官定利率:(official interest rate)行业利率:(trade-regulated rate)一般利率:(general interest rate)优惠利率:(preferential interest rate)贴息贷款:(loan of interest subsidy)年利率:(annual interest rate)月利率:(monthly interest rate)日利率:(daily interest rate)拆息:(call money interest)13.货币需求货币需求:(demand for money)货币数量论:(quantity theory of money)货币必要量:(volume of money needed)货币流通速度:(velocity of money)交易方程式:(equation of exchange)剑桥方程式:(equation of Cambridge)现金交易说:(cash transaction approach)现金余额说:(cash balance theory)货币需求动机:(motive of the demand for money)交易动机:(transaction motive)预防动机:(precautionary motive)投机动机:(speculative motive)流动性偏好:(liquidity preference)流动性陷阱:(liquidity trap)平方根法则:(square-root rule)货币主义:(monetarism)恒久性收入:(permanent income)机会成本变量:(opportunity cost variable)名义货币需求:(nominal demand for money)实际货币需求:(real demand for money)客户保证金:(customer’s security marign)金融资产选择:(portfolio selection)14.现代货币的创造机制纯流通费用:(pure circulation cost)原始存款:(primary deposit)派生存款:(derivative deposit)派生乘数:(withdrawal multiplier)现金损露:(loss of cashes)提现率:(withdrawal rate)创造乘数:(creation multiplier)现金:(currency)基础货币:(base money)高能货币:(high-power money)货币乘数:(money multiplier)铸币收入:(seigniorage revenue)15.货币供给货币供给:(money supply)准货币:(quasi money)名义货币供给:(nominal money supply)实际货币供给:(real money supply)股民保证金:(shareholder’s security margin)货币存量:(money stock)公开市场操作:(open-market operation)贴现政策:(discount policy)再贴现率:(rediscount rate)法定准备金率:(legal reserve ratio)财富效应:(wealth effect)预期报酬率变动效应:(effect of expected yields change)现金持有量:(currency holdings)超额准备金:(excess reserves)外生变量:(exogenous variable)内生变量:(endogenous variable)16.货币均衡均衡:(equilibrium)投资饥渴:(huger for investment)软预算约束:(soft budget constraint)总需求:(aggregate demand)总供给:(aggregate supply)面纱论:(money veil theory)流:(flow)余额:(stock)17.开放经济的均衡国际收支:(balance of payments)居民:(resident)非居民:(nonresident)国际收支平衡表:(statement for balance of payments)经常项目:(current account)资本和金融项目:(capital and financial account)储备资产:(reserve assets)净误差与遗漏:(net errors and missions)自主性交易:(autonomous transaction)调节性交易:(accommodating transaction)偿债率:(debt service ratio)顺差:(surplus)逆差:(deficit)最后清偿率:(last liquidation ratio)资本流动:(capital movements)项目融资:(project finance)外债:(external debt)资本外逃:(capital flight)冲销性操作:(sterilized operation)非冲销性操作:(unsterilized operation)债务率:(debt ratio)负债率:(liability ratio)差额:(balance)18.通货膨胀和通货紧缩通货膨胀:(inflation)恶性通货膨胀:(rampant inflation)爬行通货膨胀:(creeping inflation)温和通货膨胀:(moderate inflation)公开性通货膨胀:(open inflation)显性通货膨胀:(evident inflation)隐蔽性通货膨胀:(hidden inflation)输入型通货膨胀:(import of inflation)结构性通货膨胀:(structural inflation)通货膨胀率:(inflation rate)居民消费物价指数:(CPI)零售物价指数:(RPI)批发物价指数:(WPI)冲减指数:(deflator)需求拉上型通货膨胀:(demand-pull inflation)成本推动型通货膨胀:(cost-push inflation)工资-价格螺旋上升:(wage-price spiral)强制储蓄:(forced saving)收入分配效应:(distributional effect of income)财富分配效应:(distributional effect of wealth)滞胀:(stagflation)工资膨胀率:(wage inflation)紧缩性货币政策:(tight monetary policy)紧缩银根:(tight money)紧缩信贷:(tight squeeze)指数化:(indexation)通货紧缩:(deflation)19.货币政策货币政策:(monetary policy)金融政策:(financial policy)货币政策目标:(goal of monetary policy)通货膨胀目标制:(inflation targeting)逆风向原则:(principle of leaning against the wind)反周期货币政策:(counter cycle monetary policy)相机抉择:(discretionary)单一规则:(single rule)告示效应:(bulletin effects)直接信用控制:(direct credit)信用配额:(credit allocation)流动性比率:(liquidity ratio)间接信用控制:(indirect credit control)道义劝告:(moral suasion)窗口指导:(window guidence)信用贷款:(lending)传导机制:(conduction mechanism)中介指标:(intermediate target)信贷配给:(credit rationing)资产负债表渠道:(balance sheet channel)时滞:(time lag)预期:(expectation)透明度:(transparency)信任:(credibility)软着陆:(soft landing)20.货币政策与财政政策的配合赤字:(deficit)经常性收入:(current revenue)税:(tax)费:(fee)经常性支出:(current expenditure)资本性收入:(capital revenue)补助:(grant)资本性支出:(capital expenditure)账面赤字:(book deficit)隐蔽赤字:(hidden deficit)预算外:(off-budget)透支:(overdraft)净举债:(net fiancing)未清偿债券:(outstanding debt)或有债务:(contingent liability)准备货币:(reserve money)国债依存度:(public debt dependency)国债负担率:(public debt-to-GDP ratio)国债偿债率:(government debt-service ratio)财政政策:(fiscal policy)补偿性财政货币政策:(compensatory fiscal and monetary policy) 21.开放条件下的政策搭配与协调米德冲突:(Meade’s conflict)国际政策协调:(international policy coordination)信息交换:(information exchange)危机管理:(crisis management)避免共享目标变量的冲突:(avoiding conflicts over shared targets)合作确定中介目标:(cooperation intermediate targeting)部分协调:(full coordination)汇率目标区:(target zone of exchange rate)马歇尔-勒纳条件:(Marshall-Lerner condition)J曲线效应:(J curve effect)22.利率的风险结构与期限结构单利:(simple interest)复利:(compound interest)现值:(present value)终值:(future value)竞价拍卖:(open-outcry auction)贴现值:(present discount value)利率管制:(interest rate control)利率管理体制:(interest rate regulation system)存贷利差:(interest rate regulation system)利率风险结构:(risk structure of interest rates)违约风险:(default risk)利率期限结构:(term structure of interest rates)即期利率:(spot rate of interest)远期利率:(forward rate of interest)到期收益率:(yield to maturity)现金流:(cash floe)预期理论:(expectation theory)流动性理论:(liquidity theory)偏好理论:(preferred habitat theory)市场隔断理论:(market segmentation theory) 23.资产组合与资产定价市场风险:(market risk)信用风险:(credit risk)流动性风险:(liquidity risk)操作风险:(operational risk)法律风险:(legal risk)政策风险:(policy risk)道德风险:(moral hazard)主权风险:(sovereign risk)市场流动性风险:(product liquidity)现金流风险:(cash flow)执行风险:(execution risk)欺诈风险:(fraud risk)遵守与监管风险:(compliance and regulatory risk)资产组合理论:(portfolio theory)系统性风险:(systematic risk)非系统性风险:(nonsystematic risk)效益边界:(efficient frontier)价值评估:(evaluation)市盈率:(price-earning ratio)资产定价模型:(asset pricing model)资本资产定价模型:(capital asset pricing model,CAPM)无风险资产:(risk-free assets)市场组合:(market portfolio)多要素模型:(multifactorCAPM)套利定价理论:(arbitrage pricing theory,APT)期权加价:(option premium)内在价值:(intrinsic value)时间价值:(time value)执行价格:(strike price)看涨期权:(call option)看跌期权:(put option)对冲型的资产组合:(hedge portfolios)套利:(arbitrage)无套利均衡:(no-arbitrage equilibrium)均衡价格:(equilibrium price)多头:(long position)空头:(short position)动态复制:(dynamic replication)头寸:(position)风险偏好:(risk preference)风险中性:(risk neutral)风险厌恶:(risk averse)风险中性定价:(risk-netural pricing)24.商业银行业务与管理银行负责业务:(liability business)存款:(deposit)活期存款:(demand deposit)支票存款:(check deposit)透支:(overdraft)定期存款:(time deposit)再贴现:(rediscount)金融债券:(financial bond)抵押贷款:(mortgage loan)信用贷款:(credit loan)通知贷款:(demand loan)真实票据论:(real bill doctrine)商业贷款理论:(commercial loan theory)证券投资:(portfolio investment)中间业务:(middleman business)表外业务:(off-balance sheet business)无风险业务:(risk-free business)汇款:(remittance)信用证:(letter of credit)商品信用证:(commercial letter of credit)代收业务:(business of collection)代客买卖业务:(business of commission)承兑网络银行:(internet bank)虚拟银行:(virtual bank)企业对个人:(B2C)企业对企业:(B2B)挤兑:(bank runs)资产管理:(assets management)自偿性:(self-liquidation)可转换性理论:(convertibility theory)预期收入理论:(anticipated income theory)负债管理:(liability management)资产负债综合管理:(comprehensive management of assets and liability)风险管理:(risk management)在险价值:(value at risk,VAR)25.货币经济与实际经济两分法:(dichotomy)实际经济:(real economy)货币经济:(monetary economy)虚拟资本:(monetary capital)泡沫经济:(bubble economy)虚拟经济:(virtual economy)货币中性:(neutrality of money)相对价格:(relative price)货币面纱:(monetary veil)瓦尔拉斯均衡:(Walras equilibrium)一般均衡理论:(theory of general equilibrium)超中性:(super-neutrality)26.金融发展与经济增长金融发展:(financial development)金融自由化:(financial liberalization)金融深化:(financial deepening)金融压抑:(financial repression)金融机构化:(financial institutionalization)分层比率:(gradation ratio)金融相关率:(financial interrelation ratio,FIR)货币化率:(monetarization ratio)脱媒:(distintermediation)导管效应:(tube effect)27.金融脆弱性与金融危机金融脆弱性:(financial fragility)金融风险:(financial risk)长周期:(long cycles)安全边界:(margins of safety)汇率超调理论:(theory of exchange rate over shooting)金融危机:(financial crises)资产管理公司:(asset management corporation,AMC)金融恐慌:(financial panic)优先/次级抵押贷款债券:(senior/subordinate structure) 28.金融监管金融监管:(financial regulation)公共选择:(public choice)最低资本要求:(minimum capital requirements)监管当局的监管:(supervisory review process)市场纪律:(market discipline)宏观审慎框架:(macro-prudential framework)分行:(branch)子行:(subsidiary)并表监管:(consolidated supervision)。
金融英语常用词汇总览(英汉对照)
金融英语常用词汇总览(英汉对照)翻译, 证券, 金融, 英文ABS 资产担保证券(Asset Backed Securities 的英文缩写)Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Acceptor 承兑人;受票人;接受人Accommodation paper 融通票据;担保借据Accounts payable 应付账款Accounts receivable 应收账款Accredited Investors 合资格投资者;受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员SEC条例,可参与一般美国非公开私募发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者。
Accredit value 自然增长值Accrediting 本金增值适用于多种工具,指名义本金在工具(如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权的期限内连续增长。
Accrual basis 应计制;权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率;速动比率Acquisition 收购Across the board 全面一致;全盘的Acting in concert 一致行动;合谋Active assets 活动资产;有收益资产Active capital 活动资本Actual market 现货市场Actual price 现货价Actual useful life 实际可用年期Actuary 精算师;保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank 的英文缩写)ADR 美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证(参见American Depository Receipt 栏目)ADS 美国存托股份(American Depository Share 的英文缩写)Ad valorem 从价;按值Ad valorem stamp duty 从价印花税Adjudicator 审裁员Adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) 调息按揭Admitted value 认可值Advance 垫款Affiliated company 关联公司;联营公司After date 发票后,出票后After-hours dealing 收市后交易After-market 后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。
常见金融术语英汉对照与详解
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英汉对照金融词汇
英汉对照金融词汇社交等级abnormal return 特殊回报absolute return 绝对回报acceptances 认购accepting house 承兑商行accounting rate of return ARR会计收益率accounting standards 会计标准accrual principle 权责发生制accruals 应付款项accrued interest 应计利息,待付利息acid test ratio 酸性测试比率acquisition 收购acquisitive growth 收购增长active investing 积极投资activist shareholder 维权股东actuary 保险精算师adjusted EPS 调整后每股收益adjusted operating profit 调整后营运利润adjusted present value 调整后净现值administrative receivership 接管人adverse opinion 否定意见adverse selection (保险业)反向选择advertising elasticity 广告弹性advisory broking 咨询经纪affinity fraud 关联欺诈行为agency cross 交叉代理agency theory 代理理论algorithmic trading 算法交易all or nothing order 最低限量交易allotment 分配alpha fund 阿尔法基金alternative investments 另类投资American options 美式期权annual effective rate AER 实际年利率annual general meeting 年度股东大会annual report 年度报告annuity 年金arbitrage 套利arbitrage pricing theory APT套利定价理论arbitraguer 套利者arithmetic mean 算术平均值asset allocation 资产配置asset backed securities ABS资产抵押证券asset stripping 资产拆卖asset turnover 资产周转率assets disposal 资产处置assets restructuring 资产重组assets under management AUM 管理资产规模,管理资产额associated company 联营公司assurance (对必定发生之事如人寿)保险At the money 平价期权,等价期权audit opinion 审计意见automated trading system 自动交易系统available seat kilometers ASK 可售座位公里available tonne kilometers (航空公司)可利用吨公里average cost 平均成本average down (向下)摊平,均值下移average revenue per user ARPU平均每用户收入average up 向上摊平back office 后勤部门back testing 回溯测试backfill bias 回填偏差backward integration 后向一体化backwardation 现货溢价bad news 利空消息bancasurance 银行保险Barrel of Oil Equivalent BOE油当量桶barrier options 障碍期权barrier to entry 进入壁垒basic earning per share 基本每股收益basis point 基点basis risk 基差风险bear raid 空头袭击bear sqeeze 空仓压力,空头轧平bear trap 空头陷阱bearer securities 不记名证券behavioral finance 行为金融学benchmarking 基准化分析方法BMKbeneficial owner 受益所有人beta 贝塔系数,评估证券系统风险性的工具bid price 买房价格bid-offer spread 买卖价差billion barrels of oil equivalent BBOE亿桶油当量binary options 二元期权,固定收益期权FRO,数字期权DO black swan 黑天鹅效应blue chip 蓝筹股bond duration 债券存续期,久期,持续期bonus issue 红股book to bill ratio 订货出货比book value 账面价值bottom fishing 抄底boutique 小型投资银行brand dilution 品牌淡化brand extention 品牌延伸break even 收支相抵brent crude 布伦特原油building society 抵押银行bulge bracket 大型投资银行bull run 牛市bulldog bond 猛犬债券(非英国企业在伦敦发行的债券)bullet bond 一次性偿还债券,最普通的债券vanilla bond bundling 捆绑销售buy and hold 买入并持有buy in management buy out BIMBO内部外部管理者联合收购buy-side analyst 买方分析师cable 英镑同美元兑换比例称之cable call auction 集合竞价call options 看涨期权cannibalism (企业几个部门内部)自我竞争capex capital expenditure 资本支出capital adequacy 资本充足率capital asset pricing model CAPM资本资产计价模型capital gains 资本回报率capital reduction 减资capitalisation issue, scrip issue 资金股本化carried interest 附带权益carry trade 利差交易cash conversion cycle 现金周转周期cash cost 现金成本cash flow per share 每股现金流cash shell 空壳公司cashflow statement 现金流量表catastrophe bonds 灾难债券cathode metal 阴极金属CDO squared 二次合成抵押债务契约central counterparty 共同对手方Ceteris paribus 假定其他条件不变chartered financial analyst CFA特许金融分析师chartist 行情预测专家chinese wall 中国墙churning 炒单circuit breaker 熔断制度claims equalisation reserve 理赔准备金claims ratio 赔付率clean price 净价交易clearing and settlement 结算clearing house 结算所clinical trials 临床检验close period 封闭期close position 平仓closet tracker 本应是积极投资但过于保守与指数基金很像cockroach theory 蟑螂效应collateral bond obligation 担保债券凭证collateral loan obligation CLO担保贷款凭证collateralized debt obligation CDO担保债务凭证collective investment vehicle 集体投资组合工具combined ratio 综合赔付率commercial paper CP商业票据commoditization 商品化company secretary 公司秘书complementary goods 互补商品compound annual growth rate CAGR复合年增长率compounding 复利compulsory aquisition 强制收购concert party 协同控股人confirmation bias 确认偏误conglomerate 混合联合企业conglomerate discount 集团折价,consolidated account statement 合并会计报表constructive liability 推定责任contango 期货溢价Contingent convertible bonds coco bonds或者有可转换债券contingent liability 或者有债务continuing operations 持续性经营continuous time finance models 持续时间金融模型contract for difference CFD差价合约,一种金融衍生品contrarian investing 逆向投资法contribution margin 边际收益control premium 操纵权溢价conversion ratio 转换比率convertible arbitrage 可转换套利convertible bonds 可转换债券core and satellite 核心-卫星管理办法core business 核心业务corporate action 公司行为corporate social responsibility CSR企业社会责任correction 股市调整correlation coefficient 关联系数cost income ratio 成本收入比率cost of capital 资本成本cost of goods sold COGS主营业务成本cost-plus pricing 成本加成定价法counter-cyclical 反周期counterparty risk 交易对手风险coupon 票息coupon rate 票面利率covered interest arbitrage 抵补套利covered warrants 备兑认股权证crash 股市崩盘creative accounting 创意性会计credit default swap CDS信贷违约掉期、信贷违约互换credit rating 信用评级credit risk 信用风险creditor days 应付账款天数cross elasticity 需求交叉弹性cross licensing 交叉许可cross selling 交叉销售cumulative preference share 积存优先股current assets 流淌资产current assets ratio 流淌资产比率=流淌资产/流淌负债current cost accounting 现行成本会计current liabilities 流淌负债custodian bank 托管银行customer aquisition cost 客户购置成本customer relationship management CRM 客户关系管理cyclical 周期性(相对防御性、反周期性)cyclically adjusted PE ratio CAPE经周期性调整市盈率dark fibre 暗纤dark pool 黑池交易data revenues 数据业务收入day trading 日内交易dead cat bounce 死猫式反弹debenture 公司债券,无担保债券debt asset ratio 资产负债率debt covenant, banking covenant 债务契约debt service cover ratio 债务偿付比率debt/equity ration 债务股本比debtor days 预收账款天数de-equitization 去股权化defensive patent 防御性专利deferred income 递延收益deferred shares 延迟派息股deferred tax 延递税项delivery 交割delivery vs. payment DVP 货银应付制度delta Delta=期权价格变化/期货价格变化delta hedging delta对冲dematerialized securities 无纸化证券demerger 分拆diluted EPS 摊薄每股收益direct cost 直接成本disclosure 披露discount broker/execution only 折扣经纪人discounted cash flow 贴现现金流discrete time finance models 离散时间金融模型discretionary broking 全权委托经纪diseconomies of scale 规模不经济disruptive technology 颠覆性技术distributable reserve 可分配储备金diversifiable risk 可分散风险dividend discount model 股息贴现模型dividend irrelevance theory 红利无关理论dividend re-investment plan 股息再投资计划dividend yield ratio 股息率Dogs of the Dow 狗股理论double entry 复式记账法dow jones industrial averages DJIA道琼斯工业平均指数drug pipeline 新药开发项目储备dry natural gas 干燥天然气,成品天然气dual listing 两地上市due diligence 财务尽职调查duopoly 双寡头垄断Dutch disease 荷兰病dynamic hedge 动态对冲dynamic provisioning 动态准备金earnings accretive (收购)业绩增厚earnings before interest and tax EBIT息税前利润earnings dilutive (收购)业绩摊薄earnings yield 收益率EBITDA 息税折旧及摊销前利润EBITDA margin 息税折旧摊销前利润率econometrics 计量经济学economic added value EV A经济附加值effective gearing 有效杠杆率efficient frontier 有效前沿efficient market hypothesis 有效市场假说efficient portfolio 有效资产组合electronic communication network 电子通讯网络embedded computers 嵌入式电脑embedded value 内含价值enhanced index 增强型指数基金enterprise resource planning 企业资源计划(软件)enterprise value 企业价值EPS earnings per share 每股收益equity risk premium 股权风险溢价ethical investing 道德投资eurobond 国际债券eurocurrency 欧洲货币eurodollar 欧洲美元european options 欧式期权exceptional item 特殊项目excercise price 行使价格excess return 额外回报exchange rate risk 汇率风险Exchange Traded Funds 交易所交易基金ex-dividend 除息execution risk 执行风险exotic options 奇异期权expected return 预期收益,预期回报expense ratio 开支比率,费用率ex-rights 除权extroadinary general meeting 股东特别大会extroadinary item 非经常项目F score Piotroski 皮氏分数fabless semiconductor company 无厂半导体公司face value (股票)票面价值factoring 保付代理,保理fair value 公允价格fast market 速动市场fat tails 厚尾fill or kill FOK 成交或者取消finance lease 融资租赁资产financial economics 金融经济学first in first out FIFO 先进先出first mover advantage/pioneer advantage 先驱优势Fisher hypothesis 费雪效应fixed asset turnover 固定资产周转率fixed assets 固定资产fixed costs 固定成本fixed interest rate 固定利率fixed odds betting terminals 固定赔率终端机floating interest rate 浮动利率floating rate note FRN浮动利率本票footfall 客流量forward contract 远期合约forward integration 前向一体化forward rate 远期汇率forwardation 期货溢价free asset ratio 自由资产比率free cash flow 自由现金流free float 自由浮动front office 管理部门front running 抢先交易FTSE index 富时指数fundamental analysis 基本面分析fungible 可互换的gamma Gamma=delta的变化/期货价格的变化GDP delfator GDP平减指数gearing 杠杆比率generally accepted accounting principles GAAP通常公认会计准则generic drug 通用名药物geometric mean 几何平均值Giffen good 吉芬商品,生活必需品global depository receipt 全球存托凭证going concern 持续经营golden share 黄金股good news 利好消息goodwill 商誉Gordon growth model 戈登增长模型government bonds 国库券greater fool 最大笨蛋理论greeks 希腊字母delta,gamme,etc. green mail 绿票讹诈gross margin 毛利率gross price/dirty price 含息价格gross profit 毛利growth investing 成长型投资guaranteed debt 担保债券haircut 估值折扣,剃头harmonized index of consumer index 调与消费者物价指数hedonic price index 特征价格指数high frequency trading 高频交易historical cost 原始成本historical PE 历史市盈率horizontal integration 横向一体化,水平一体化hybrid security 混合证券iceberg order 冰山指令Imbedded Value 内含价值immediate or cancel order 立即执行或者取消指令impairment (某项资产)减损implied volatility 隐含波动性in the money 实值期权income effect 收入效应income elasticity 收入弹性index futures 指数期货index tracker 指数基金inferior good 劣质商品initial public offerings 首次公开募股initial share 原始股insolvent 无债务偿还能力inter-dealer broker 交易商经纪interest coverage 利息覆蓋率=EBITDA÷利息支出interest margin 利息收益率interest rate parity 利率平价interest rate risk 利率风险interest spread 利差交易internal rate of return 内部报酬率International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS国际财务报告准则International Securities Identification Number ISIN国际证券识别码intra-market arbitrage 跨市套利intrinsic value (期权)内在价值investment trust 信托投资基金investor relations 投资者关系invoice discounting 发票贴现Islamic Banking 伊斯兰银行joint venture 合资企业JP Morgan Chase 摩根大通junior debt 次级债务junk bond 垃圾债券key performance indicators KPI关键绩效指标Laffer curve 拉弗曲线last in first out LIFO 后进先出leveraged buy-out 杠杆收购limit 涨跌停板limit order 限价指示单limited liability 有限责任liquidity premium 流淌性升水理论Lloyd's of London 劳合社Loan Life Coverage Ratio LLCR负债偿债能力比率long position 多头仓位long term liabilities 长期债务look ahead bias 前视偏误macroeconomic derivatives 宏观经济衍生品majority shareholder 多数股东management buy in 外部管理者收购management buy out 管理层收购mandatory offer 强制要约marginal cost 边际成本marginal revenue 边际收益mark to market 逐日盯市mark to model 按模型定价market based security MBS住房抵押贷款证券market capitalization 市值market maker 做市商,庄家market neutral (对冲基金)市场中性策略market order 市价订单market penetration 市场渗透market portfolio 市场投资组合market size 市场规模mean reversion (股票)均值回归mechanical investing 机械化投资media convergence 媒介融合median (数列的)中值megatrend 大趋势merger arbitration 合并套利mezzanine fund 夹层基金middle market 中型投资银行middle office 中间部门mid-price 中间价minority interests 少数股东利益model risk 模型风险Modified Internal Rate of Return 修正后内部报酬率momentum investment 惯性投资money market fund, money fund 货币基金money multiplier credit multiplier货币乘数monoline insurance 单一险种保险monopsony 买方垄断moral hazard 道德风险Morgan Stanley Capital International MSCI摩根斯坦利国际资本指数moving average 移动平均multi manager fund 多元经理人基金mutual funds 共同基金,投资基金Nash Equilibrium 纳什均衡negative carry 负盈利net asset value NA V资产净值Net Operating Profit After Tax NOPAT税后净营业利润net position 持仓净额net present value NPV净现值net realisable value 可变现净值network effects 网络效应,网络外部性new issue 新发行nominal interest rates 名义利率non-interest income 非利息收入non-recourse debt 无追索权债务normal distribution 正态分布notes to accounts 账项附注off-balance sheet accounting 表外会计off-balance sheet financing 表外融资offer price 卖出价,卖方价格oligopoly 寡头垄断oligopsony 寡头买主垄断,采购权垄断OPEC basket price 欧佩克石油平均价open ended investment company OEIC开放式投资公司open market operations 公开市场业务open offer 公开供股open outcry 公开喊价operating cash flow 营运现金流operating cash flow ratio 经营现金流量比率operating gearing 经营杠杆operating margin 营业利润率option 期权option writer, option seller 期权卖方ore concentrate 铁精矿organic growth 内生增长,内部增长orphan drugs (治罕见病的)“孤儿药”OTC 非处方类药物out of the money 虚值期权outstanding accounts 未清账项overnight rate 隔夜利率overtrading 过量交易,炒单pair trade 配对交易par value 票面价值Pareto Optimal 帕累托最优pari passau 权利相等passenger load factor 客座率,乘客运载率passive investing 消极投资patent troll 专利蟑螂,专利流氓payback period 投资回收期法payout ratio 股息支付率PEG 市盈率增长率perpetuity 永久年金PLUS market 英国PLUS市场point of sale 销售点终端机poison pill (恶意收购的)毒丸计划portable alpha 可转移阿尔法portfolio investment 证券投资portfolio mandate 投资委托书possible reserves (石油)可能储量post-modern portfolio theory 后现代投资组合理论pre-emption rights 优先认股权premium 保险费,(期货)贴水premium written 签单保费prepayments 预付账款price elasticity 价格弹性price sensitive 价格敏感度price/book value 市净率price/cashflow 市现率primary market 一级市场prime brokerage 机构经纪primer operating cost 主营业务成本principal 本金private equity 私募股权投资probable reserves (石油)概算储量product differentiation 产品差异化profit margin 边际利润profit margin 销售净利率profit warning 利润预警profit-taking 获利回吐project finance 项目融资propriety trading 自誉交易prospective PE 预估市盈率、未来市盈率prospectus 招股说明书proven oil reserves 已探明石油储量provisions 准备金psychographics 心理变数public switched telecom network PSTN公共电话交换网purchase method 购买法pure play 单一经营法,单一业务put options 看跌期权put-call parity 买卖权平价关系qualified audit opinion 保留审计意见quality of earnings 收益质量quantitative easing 量化宽松quantitative finance 数量金融、计量金融quote driven 报价驱动quoted company 上市公司random walk 随机漫步理论real estate investment trust 不动产投资基金real interest rates 实际利率real option 实质选择权real option 实物期权realised volatility 实际波动率receiver 接管人record date 股权登记日recovery (石油、矿产)采收red chip 红筹股redeemable 可赎回的redemption yield, yield to maturity YTM到期收益率reducing balance 余额递减法registered security 实名股regulatory capital arbitrage 监管资本套利regulatory capture theory 规制俘虏理论reinsurance 再保险reinsurance retention ratio 再保险自留比率relative PE 相对市盈率relative returns 相对回报replacement cost 重置成本replacement cycle (设备)重置周期repo rate 再买回利率repurchase agreement Repo附买回协议research and development R&D研发reserve replacement ratio (石油)储量替代率reserve requirement 银行存款准备金比率resistence line 阻力线(向下回调的高点)resource curse “资源诅咒”retail format 零售业态retained earning 储存利润,未分配利润retained profit 保留盈余、资本公积return on assets 资产回报率return on average assets 平均资产回报return on capital employed ROCE已动用资本回报return on equity 股本回报率return on investment 投资回报率revaluation reserve 重估储备revenue recognition 收入确认reverse takeover 反向收购rights issue 股票认购权发行risk aversion 规避风险risk diversification 分散风险risk free rate 无风险收益率risk premium 风险溢价risk weighted assets 风险加权资产sale and leaseback 售后租回sales mix 销售组合scenario planning 情景规划scrip dividend 以股代息second board market 创业板sector PE 行业平均市盈率secular trend 长期趋势securities market line 证券市场线securitisation 证券化selection bias 选择性偏差sell-side analyst 卖方分析师semi-variable costs 半变动成本senior debt 优先级债务sequential growth 环比增长share consolidation 股票合并share split 股票分割shareholder's fund 股东资金short selling 卖空shrinkage 库存缩水single premium 趸交保费single price 一价定律small cap 小盘股solvency margin (保险公司的)偿付能力额度solvency ratio 清偿能力比率sovereign risk 主权风险sovereign wealth fund 主权财富基金special dividend 特别红利spin off/demerger 分拆(公司)spot price 现货价格spread 价差stamp duty 印花税standard deviation 标准偏差static hedge 静态对冲statistical arbitrage 统计套利stock turnover/ inventory turnover 存货周转率stop loss 斩仓strike price 行使价格structured investment vehicle 结构性投资工具structured notes 结构化票据style drift 风格漂移style index 风格指数subordinated debt 次级债务subsidiary company 子公司substitution effect (商品的)替代效应sum of parts valuation (给公司)分类加总的估值方法sunk costs 沉没成本support levels 支撑位(向上反弹的低点)survivorship bias 生存偏差swaps 掉期synergy 协同效应systemic risk 系统性风险take position 开仓tangible common equity 有形普通股tax shield 税盾thin capitalisation 资本弱化tier 1 capital/ core capital 核心资本、一级资本tier 2 capital 二级资本total cost of ownership 总体拥有成本tracking error 追踪误差tracking stock 追踪股票trading profit 营业利润trailing twelve months TTM最近十二个月transfer pricing 转移定价treasury bill 短期国库券treasury shares 库存股triple witching 股价指数期货、期权及个股期权同时到期。
经济金融术语英汉对照
经济金融术语英汉对照经济金融领域常常涉及大量的专业术语,对于学习和理解这些术语,将英文与中文对照是非常重要的。
下面是一些经济金融术语的英汉对照列表,希望对您有所帮助。
1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值GDP是一个国家或地区在特定时间内所生产的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值的总和。
2. Inflation 通货膨胀通货膨胀是指货币供应量增加导致物价水平上升的现象。
3. Deflation 通货紧缩通货紧缩是指货币供应量减少导致物价水平下降的现象。
4. Interest Rate 利率利率是指借贷资金所产生的利息与本金之间的比率。
5. Exchange Rate 汇率汇率是指一种货币与另一种货币之间的兑换比率。
6. Stock Market 股票市场股票市场是指买卖股票的场所,也是企业融资的重要途径。
7. Bond 债券债券是一种证券,表示借款人向债权人承诺在一定期限内支付利息和本金。
8. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 外商直接投资外商直接投资是指一个国家的企业在另一个国家的企业中进行的长期投资。
9. Taxation 税收税收是政府从个人和企业获得财政收入的一种方式。
10. Budget Deficit 预算赤字预算赤字是指政府支出超过收入的情况,需要通过借贷或印钞等方式来弥补。
11. Trade Surplus/Trade Deficit 贸易顺差/贸易逆差贸易顺差指一个国家的出口额大于进口额,贸易逆差则相反。
12. Monetary Policy 货币政策货币政策是由中央银行制定和执行的调控货币供应量和利率水平的政策。
13. Fiscal Policy 财政政策财政政策是由政府制定和执行的调控财政支出和税收的政策。
14. Central Bank 央行央行是一个国家的货币发行和货币政策的实施机构。
15. Market Economy 市场经济市场经济是一种以市场配置资源和决定价格的经济体制。
金融词汇中英对照
金融词汇之一1.Abandonment(弃权)Controlling party giving up rights to property voluntarily.2. Abandonment option(清算期权)The option of terminating an investment earlier than originally planned.3. Abandonment value(清算价值)The value of a project if the project's assets were sold externally ;or alternatively. its opportunity value if the assets were employed elsewhere in the firm.4. ABC agreementA contract between an employee and a brokerage firm outlining the rights of the firm purchasing an NYSE membership for that employee.5. ABC method of inventory control(存货控制的ABC方法)Method which controls expensive inventory items more closely than less expensive items.6. Ability to pay(偿债能力)Refers to the borrower's ability to make interest and principal payments on debts.7. Abnormal return(超常回报)The component of the return that is not due to systematic influences (market-wide influences). In other words, abnormal returns are above those predicted by the market movement alone.Absolute-priority rule(绝对优先权准则)The rule in bankruptcy or reorganization that claims of a set of claim holders must be paid, in full before the next. junior. set of claim holders may be paid anything. AbsorbedUsed in context of general equities. Securities are "absorbed" as long as there are corresponding orders to buy and sell. The market has reached the absorption point when further assimilation is impossible without an adjustment in price. Accelerated depreciation(加速折旧)Methods of depreciation that write off the cost of a capital asset faster than under straight-line depreciation.Acceptance(汇票)Contractual agreement instigated when the drawee(支票或汇票的付款人)of a time draft "accepts" the draft by writing the word "accepted" thereon. The drawee assumes responsibility as the acceptor and for payment at maturity.Accommodative monetary policy(适应性货币政策)Federal Reserve System policy to increase the amount of money available to banks for lending.Accounts Payable (应付账款)Amounts of money owed to other firm because buying goods or services on credit from the firm. A current liability, the accounts payable is also called payables. Accounts receivable(应收账款)Amounts of money owed to a firm by customers who have bought goods or services on credit. A current asset, the accounts receivable account is also called receivables. Accounts receivable turnover (应收账款周转率)The ratio of net credit sales to average accounts receivable, which is a measure of how quickly customers pay their bills.Account statement(账户表)In the context of banking, refers to a summary of all balances.In the context of securities, a summary of all transactions and positions (long and short) between a broker/dealer and a client.Accounting earnings (会计利润)Earnings of a firm as reported on its income statement.Accounting insolvency(资不抵债)Total liabilities exceed total assets. A firm with a negative net worth is insolvent on the books.Accretion (of a discount) (增值)In portfolio accounting, a straight-line accumulation of capital gains on a discount bond in anticipation of receipt of par at maturity.Accrual basis(应收应付制)In the context of accounting, practice in which expenses and income are accounted for as if they are earned or incurred, whether or not they have been received or paid. Antithesis of cash basis accounting.Accrual bond(一次还本付息债券)A bond on which interest accrues but is not paid to the investor during the time of accrual. The amount of accrued interest is added to the remaining principal of the bond and is paid at maturity.Accrued expenses(累积费用,应计费用)Amounts owed but not yet paid for wages. taxes, interest, and dividends. The accrued expenses account is a short-term liability.Accrued interest (应计利息)Applies mainly to convertible securities. Interest that has accumulated between the most recent payment and the sale of a bond or other fixed-income security. At the time of sale, the buyer pays the seller the bond's price plus "accrued interest," calculated by multiplying the coupon rate by the fraction of the coupon period that has elapsed since the last payment.Accumulated dividend(累积股利)A dividend that has reached its due date, but is not paid out.Acid-test (quick) ratio(速动比例,酸性测试比例)Current assets less inventories divided by current liabilities. It shows a firm's ability to meet current liabilities with its most liquid (quick) assets.Acquisition (收购)When a firm buys another firm.Acquisition cost(收购成本)Refers to the price (including the closing costs) to purchase another company or property.In the context of investments, refers to price plus(加,相加)brokerage commissions, of a security, or the sales charge applied to load funds.Across the board (全盘)Movement or trend in the stock market that affects almost all stocks in all sectors to move in the same direction.Activity ratios(周转率)Ratios that measure how effectively the firm is using its assets.Active portfolio strategy (积极投资组合策略)A strategy that uses available information and forecasting techniques to seek better performance than a buy and hold portfolio.Actuals (实货)The physical commodities underlying a futures contract. Cash commodity, physical asset.Additional paid-in capitalFunds received by a company in a sale of common stock that are in excess of the par or stated value of the stock.Adjusted present value (APV)(调整净现值)The sum of the discounted value of a project's operating cash flows (assuming equity financing) plus the value of any tax-shield benefits of interest associated with the project's financing minus any flotation costs.Adjustable-rate preferred stock (ARPs)(浮动股利优先股)An ARPs provides the holder with dividend rates that are tied to some interest rate ,such as a short-term Treasure Bill. These issue thus provide the opportunity for increase in dividend payments.Adverse Selection Problem(逆选择问题)Refers to a situation in which sellers have relevant information that buyers lack (or vice versa) about some aspect of product quality.After-hours dealing or trading(闭市后交易)Securities trading after regular(有规律的,正常的)trading hours on organized exchanges.Agency costs(代理成本)Costs associated with monitoring management to ensure that it behaves in ways consistent with the firm's contractual agreements with creditors and shareholders. Agency (theory)(代理理论)A branch of economics relating to the behavior of principals (such as owners) and their agents (such as managers).Agency bonds(机构债券)Bonds issued by some federal agencies and federal sponsored agencies .These agencies borrow funds and use the proceeds to make loans to specific types of borrowers .Agent (s)(代理人)Individual (s) authorized by another person. called the principal(负责人,校长,代理人), to act in the latter's behalf.Aging accounts receivable(应收账款账龄分析)The process of classifying accounts receivable by their age outstanding as of a given date.Aggressive growth funds(急速增长型基金)A kind of mutual funds which seeks maximum capital gains as their investment objectives. Current income is not a significant factor.All or none agreement(全部卖出或取消协议)In all-or-none arrangement, the agreement calls for the underwriter to sell the entire issue during a defined period at a specified price. During the selling period ,buyers' checks are deposited in an escrow(第三方托管的)account until the issue is fully subscribed. If sufficient shares are not sold the issue is canceled and the buyers' checks are returned.All or none orderAn all-or -none order is attached to a multiple-unit trade (more than 100 shares) and instructs the broker to obtain the total number of shares requested when the order istaken to the floor. If that is not possible, the order is canceled.Alligator spread(鳄鱼价差)The term used to describe a spread in the options market that generates such a large commission that the client is unlikely to make a profit even if the markets move as the investor anticipated.Allotment(分配)The number of securities assigned to each of the participants in an underwriting syndicate.Alternative minimum tax (AMT)An alternative, separate tax calculation based on the taxpayer's regular taxable income. increased by certain tax benefits. collectively referred to as "tax preference items." The taxpayer pays the larger of the regularly determined tax or the AMT.American Depository Receipts (ADRs)(美国股票存托凭证)An ADRs is a domestic traded security that represents a claim to shares of foreign stocks. It is like a stock certificate and held in the vault of a US bank. With an ADRs the investor is entitled to all dividends and capital gains associated with the stock. American Stock Exchange (AMEX)(美国股票交易所)Stock exchange with the third highest volume of trading in the U.S. Located at 86 Trinity Place in downtown Manhattan. The bulk of trading on AMEX consists of index options (computer technology index, institutional index, major market index) and shares of small to medium-sized companies are predominant. Recently merged with NasdaqAmerican options(美式期权)If a put or call option can be exercised at any time before expiration, it is termed an American option.Amman Financial Market (AFM) (阿曼金融市场)Established in 1976, the AFM is the only stock exchange in Jordan.Amortization schedule(分期付款偿还表)A table showing the repayment schedule of interest and principal necessary to pay off a loan by maturity.Annuity(年金)A series of equal payment or receipts occurring over a specified number of periods. In an ordinary annuity, payments or receipts occur at the end of each period; while in an annuity due, payments or receipts occur at the beginning of each period. Announcement date (宣告日)Date on which particular news concerning a given company is announced to the public.Annual percentage rate (APR)(简单年利率)The periodic rate times the number of periods in a year. For example, a 5% quarterly return has an A.P.R. of 20%.Antitrust Laws (反托拉斯法)Legislation established by the federal government to prevent the formation of monopolies and to regulate trade.Arbitrage(套利)Finding two assets that are essentially the same and buying the cheaper and selling the more expensive.Arbitrage pricing theory (APT)(套利定价模型)A theory where the price of an asset depends on multiple factors and arbitrageefficiency prevails.Arm’s-length Price (正常交易价格)The price at which a willing buyer and a willing unrelated seller would freely agree to transact.Arrearage(递延款项)A late or overdue payment, which may be cumulative.Arithmetic mean return(算术平均报酬)An average of the subperiod returns, calculated by summing the subperiod returns and dividing by the number of subperiods.Asian option (亚洲期权)Option based on the average price of the underlying assets during the life of the option.Asked price(要价或卖方报价)In context of general equities, price at which a security or commodity is offered for sale on an exchange or in the OTC Market.Assigned (or stated) value(名义价值)A nominal value assigned to a share of no-par common stock that is usually far below the actual issuing price.Asset allocation decision (资产分配决策)The decision regarding how an institution's funds should be distributed among the major classes of assets in which it may invest.Asset-based borrowing(资产抵押贷款)A loan mortagaged by tangible assets.Asset turnover rate(资产周转率)This rate equates sales amount divided by assets ,means how many sales amount can one dollar asset bring in.AssimilationThe public absorption of a new issue of stocks once the stock has been completely sold by underwriter.Asymmetric Information(信息不对称)Usually compared to the firm's management ,the majority of stockholders in publicly traded firms are relatively uninformed about the firm's earnings prospect ,because management has more information than anyone else .The situation is referred to as Asymmetric Information.At the Money Option (平价期权)An option is at the money if the strike price of the option is equal to the market price of the underlying security.Auction market(拍卖市场)Such markets as the NYSE and the AMEX are called “Auction markets ”,In these markets all the traders assembled in one place to buy or sell a kind of assets.Auction rate preferred stock (ARPS) (拍卖利率优先债券(英国))Floating-rate preferred stock, whose dividend is adjusted every seven weeks through a Dutch auction.Authorized shares (核定股本)Number of shares authorized for issuance by a firm's corporate charter. Autocorrelation (自相关)The correlation of a variable with itself over successive time intervals. Sometimes called serial correlation.Automated trading system(自动交易系统)Automated clearinghouse (ACH) electronic transfer (电子传输自动结算所)This is essentially an electronic version of the depository transfer check.Average accounting return (平均会计报酬)The average project earnings after taxes and depreciation divided by the average book value of the investment during its life.Average collection period, or days receivable (应收账款平均回收期)This rate equates accounts receivable divided by sales amount.金融词汇之二Back months (后到期月份)In the context of futures and options trading, refers to the months of contracts with expiration dates farthest away.Back-to-back loan (背靠背借款)A loan in which two companies in separate countries borrow each other's currency for a specific time period and repay the other's currency at an agreed-upon maturity. Backwardation(期货负价)A market condition in which futures prices are lower in the distant delivery months than in the nearest delivery month. This may occur when the costs of storing the product until eventual delivery are effectively subtracted from the price today.Bad debt (坏账)A debt that is written off and deemed uncollectible.Balanced funds(平衡型基金)Balanced funds have a portfolio mix of bonds, preferred stocks and common stocks. They generally have a three-part investment objective: to conserve the investors' initial principal ,to pay current income and to promote long-term growth of both this principal and income.Balance sheet(资产负债表)A summary of a firm's financial position on a given date that shows total assets = total liabilities + owners equity.Balance of payments manual(国际收支手册)Balance of payments(国际收支)A statistical compilation formulated by a sovereign nation of all economic transactions between residents of that nation and residents of all other nations during a stipulated period of time, usually a calendar year.Balance of payment presentation(国际收支平衡表)Balloon payment(气球尾款,分期付款中最后一笔较大金额的付款)A payment on debt that is much larger than other payments. The ultimate balloon payment is the entire principal at maturity.Bandwagon Effect ( 攀比效应)Bank collection float (银行浮账量)The time that elapses between when a check is deposited into a bank account and when the funds are available to the depositor, during which period the bank is collecting payment from the payer's bank.Bank Discount Basis( 银行贴现基准)A convention used for quoting bids and offers for Treasury bills in terms of annualized yield, based on a 360-day year.Bank Insurance Fund (BIF) (银行保险基金)A unit of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) that provides deposit insurance for banks excluding thrifts.Banker's acceptances (BAs)(银行承兑汇票)Short-term promissory trade notes for which a bank (by having "accepted" them) promises to pay the holder the face amount at maturity.Banknotes( 银行汇票)Bank holding company (银行控股公司)A company that owns or has controlling interest in two or more banks and/or other bank holding companies.Bank for International Settlements (BIS) (国际清算银行)An international bank headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, which serves as a forum for monetary cooperation among several European central banks, the Bank of Japan, and the U.S. Federal Reserve System. Founded in 1930 to handle the German payment of World War I reparations, it now monitors and collects data on international banking activity and promulgates rules concerning international bank regulation.Bankruptcy(破产)Inability to pay debts. In bankruptcy of a publicly owned entity, the ownership of the firm's assets is transferred from the stockholders to the bondholders.Barrier options(障碍期权)Option contracts with trigger points that, when crossed, automatically generate buying or selling of other options. These are exotic options.Barrier to Entry (进入壁垒)Base period (基期)A particular period of time used for comparative purposes when measuring economic data.Basic rate(基本汇率)Basis(基差)The basis is the difference between the current cash price of a commodity and the futures price of a particular contract on the commodity.Basis point (基点)In the bond market, the smallest measure used for quoting yields is a basis point. Each percentage point of yield in bonds equals 100 basis points. Basis points also are used for interest rates. An interest rate of 5% is 50 basis points higher than an interest rate of 4.5%.Basis risk(基差风险)Risk resulting from the uncertainty of the difference between the the current cash price of a commodity and the futures price of a particular contract on the commodity. Basket (一揽子,一篮子)Applies to derivative products. Group of stocks that is formed with the intention of either being bought or sold all at once, usually to perform index arbitrage or a hedging program.Basket options(一揽子期权)Packages that involve the exchange of more than two currencies against a base currency at expiration. The basket option buyer purchases the right, but not the obligation, to receive designated currencies in exchange for a base currency, either at the prevailing foreign exchange market rate or at a prearranged rate of exchange. Multinational corporations with multicurrency cash flows frequently use basketoptions because it is generally cheaper to buy an option on a basket of currencies than to buy individual options on each of the currencies that make up the basket.Bear market(熊市)Any market in which prices exhibit a declining trend. For a prolonged period, usually falling by 20% or more.Bear spread (熊市价差)Applies to derivative products. Strategy in the options market designed to take advantage of a fall in the price of a security or commodity, usually executed by buying a combination of calls and puts on the same security at different strike prices in order to profit as the security's price falls.Bearer bond (不记名债券)Bonds that are not registered on the books of the issuer. Such bonds are held in physical form by the owner, who receives interest payments by physically detaching coupons from the bond certificate and delivering them to the paying agent.Below par(低于票面价值)Less than the nominal or face value of a security.Benchmark (基准)The performance of a predetermined set of securities, used for comparison purposes. Such sets may be based on published indexes or may be customized to suit an investment strategy.Benchmark interest rate (基准利率)Also called the base interest rate, it is the minimum interest rate investors will demand for investing in a non-Treasury security. It is also tied to the yield to maturity offered on the comparable-maturity Treasury security that was most recently issued (on-the-run).Best efforts offering(证券代销方式)A security offering in which the investment bankers agree to use only their best efforts to sell the issuer's securities. The investment bankers do not commit to purchase any unsold securities.Beta(β系数)An index of systematic risk. It measures the sensitivity of a stock's returns to changes in returns on the market portfolio. The beta of a portfolio is simply a weighted average of the individual stock betas in the portfolio.Bid-asked spread(买卖报价价差)The difference between the asked price and the bid price.Bid Price( 询价或买方报价)This is the quoted bid, or the highest price an investor is willing to pay to buy a security. Practically speaking, this is the available price at which an investor can sell shares of stock.Bid-to-cover ratio (报价成交比例)The ratio of the number of bids received in a Treasury security auction compared to the number of accepted bids.Big Board (大盘)A nickname for the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Also known as The Exchange. More than 2,000 common and preferred stocks are traded. Founded in 1792, the N.Y.S.E. is the oldest exchange in the United States, and the largest.Bilateral facility(双边贷款)Bill of lading(提货单)A shipping document indicating the details of the shipment and delivery of goods and their ownership.Black Friday (黑色星期五)A precipitous drop in a financial market . The original Black Friday occurred on September 24, 1869, when prospectors attempted to corner the gold market.Black Monday (黑色星期一)Refers to October 19, 1987, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 508 points on the heels of sharp drops the previous week. On Monday, October 27, 1997, the Dow dropped 554 points. While the point drop set a new record, the percentage decline was substantially less than in 1987.Blind trustA trust in which a fiduciary third party has total discretion to make investments on behalf of a beneficiary while the beneficiary is uninformed about the holdings of the trust.Block houses(大宗证券公司)A broker which helps to find potential buyers and sellers for block trade.Block trade(大宗交易)A large trading order, defined on the New York Stock Exchange as an order that consists of 10,000 shares of a given stock or at a total market value of $200,000 or more.Blue-chip stocks(蓝筹股)Stocks of top-quality, well-known industrial corporations with significant economic impact.Gilt-edged security.(金边证券)Blue sky laws(蓝天法)State laws regulating the offering and sale of securities.Bond(债券)A long-term debt instrument issued by a corporation or government.Bond covenant (债券契约)A contractual provision in a bond indenture. A positive covenant requires certain actions, and a negative covenant limits certain actions.Bond discount(债券折价)The amount by which the face value of a bond exceeds its current price.Bond equivalent yield (债券等值收益率)Bond yield calculated on an annual percentage rate method. Differs from annual effective yield.Bond premium(债券溢价)The amount by which the current price of a bond exceeds its face value.Bond rating(债券评级)A rating based on the possibility of the default by a bond issuer. The ratings range from AAA (highly unlikely to default) to C (in default).Bond swapping(债券互换)The sale of one bond issue and purchase of another issue simultaneously.Book runner(承销薄记人)The managing underwriter for a new issue. The book runner maintains the book of securities sold.Book value(账面价值)(I) An asset: the accounting value of an asset-the asset's cost minus its accumulateddepreciation;(2) a firm: total assets minus liabilities and preferred stock as listed on the balance sheet.Book value per share (每股帐面价值)The ratio of stockholder equity to the average number of common shares. Book value per share should not be thought of as an indicator of economic worth, since it reflects accounting valuation (and not necessarily market valuation).Bottom(底部)Refers to the base support level for market prices of any type. Also used in the context of securities to refer to the lowest market price of a security during a specific time-frame.Bounce (反弹)A check returned by a bank because it is not payable, usually because of insufficient funds. Also used in the context of securities to refer to the rejection and ensuing reclamation of a security; a stock price's abrupt decline and recovery.Brady bonds (布雷迪债券)Bonds issued by emerging countries under a debt reduction plan.Breadth of the marketIn the context of general equities, percentage of stocks participating in a particular market move. Technical analysts say there was significant breadth if two-thirds of the stocks listed on an exchange move in the same direction during a trading session. Break price (突破价位)Used in the context of general equities. Change one's offering or bid prices to move to a more realistic, tight level where execution is more feasible. Often done to trim one's position, thus "breaking price" from where the trades occurred (if long, "break price" downward 1/8 a point or more).Break-even analysis(盈亏平衡分析)A technique for studying the relationship among fixed costs, variable costs, profits, and sales volume.Break-even chart(盈亏平衡图)A graphic representation of the relationship between total revenues and total costs for various levels of production and sales, indicating areas of profit and loss.Break-even point(盈亏平衡点)The sales volume required so that total revenues and total costs are equal; may be expressed in units or in sales dollars.Breaking the syndicate (终止承销)Terminating an agreement among underwriters, specifically the investment banking group assembled to underwrite the issue of a security.Breakout (突破)A rise in a security's price above a resistance level (commonly its previous high price) or a drop below a level of support (commonly the former lowest price.) A breakout is taken to signify a continuing move in the same direction. Can be used by technical analysts as a buy or sell indicatorBretton Woods Agreement(布雷顿森林体系)An agreement signed by the original United Nations members in 1944 that established the International Monetary Fund (I.M.F.) and the post-World War II international monetary system of fixed exchange rates.Bridge financing (过渡性融资)Interim financing of one sort or another used to solidify a position until morepermanent financing is arranged.Broker (经纪人)An individual who is paid a commission for executing customer orders. Either a floor broker who executes orders on the floor of the exchange, or an upstairs broker who handles retail customers and their orders. Also, person who acts as an intermediary between a buyer and seller, usually charging a commission. A "broker" who specializes in stocks, bonds, commodities, or options acts as an agent and must be registered with the exchange where the securities are traded.Bubble Economy(泡沫经济)Bulge bracket (主导阶层)A tier of firms in an underwriting syndicate that have the highest participation level. Bull market (牛市)Any market in which prices are in an upward trend.Bull spread (牛市价差)A spread strategy in which an investor buys an out-of-the-money put option, financing it by selling an out-of-the money call option on the same underlying security. Bulldog bond (猛犬债券)Foreign bond issue made in London.Bullet strategy (子弹式策略)A fixed income strategy in which a portfolio is constructed so that the maturities of its securities are highly concentrated at one point on the yield curve.Business day (营业日)A day in which financial markets are open for trading.Business risk(经营风险)The inherent uncertainty in the physical operations of the firm. Its impact is shown in the variability of the firm's operating income (EBIT).Butterfly spread (蝴蝶价差)Applies to derivative products. Complex option strategy that involves selling two calls and buying two calls on the same or different markets, with several maturity dates. One of the options has a higher exercise price and the other has a lower exercise price than the other two options. The payoff diagram resembles the shape of a butterfly. Buy-and-hold strategy (买券持有策略)A passive investment strategy with no active buying and selling of stocks from the time the portfolio is created until the end of the investment horizon.Buy-and-write strategy (买券卖权策略)An options strategy that calls for the purchase of stocks and the writing of covered call options on them.Buyer's market (买方市场)Market in which the supply exceeds the demand, creating lower prices.Buy order (买入指令)An order to a broker to purchase a specific quantity of a security.金融词汇之三。
常见的金融词汇中英对照
ABS 资产担包管券〔Asset Backed Securities的英文缩写〕Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Acceptor 承兑人;受票人;接受人Accommodation paper 融通单据;担保借据Accounts payable 应付帐款Accounts receivable 应收帐款Accrual basis 应计制;权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息Accredited Investors 合资格投资者;受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例,可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者Accredit value 自然增长值Accrediting 本金增值适用于多种东西,指名义本金在东西〔如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权〕的期限内持续增长。
ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率;速动比率Across the board 全面一致;全盘的Acting in concert 一致步履;合谋Active assets 活动资产;有收益资产Active capital 活动成本Actual market现货市场Actuary 精算师;保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行ADR 美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证[股市] 指由负责保管所存托外国股票的存托银行所发行一种说明持有人拥有多少外国股票(即存托股份)的收据。
ADR一般以美元计价和进行交易,及被视为美国证券。
对很多美国投资者而言,买卖ADR比买卖ADR所代表的股票更加便利、更流动、成本较低和容易。
大部份预托收据为ADR;但也可以指全球预托收(GDR) ,欧洲预托收据(EDR) 或国际预托收据(IDR) 。
从法律和行政立场而言,所有预托收据具有同样的意义。
ADS 美国存托股份Ad valorem 从价;按值Affiliated company 关联公司;联营公司After date 发票后,出票后After-market 后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在订价和配置后的交易市场。
最全金融行业术语英文翻译
最全金融行业术语英文翻译本文档旨在为您提供最全面的金融行业术语的英文翻译,帮助您更好地理解和使用这些术语。
以下是我们整理的金融行业术语及对应的英文翻译:1. 金融市场:Financial market2. 资金流动:Capital flow3. 股票:Stock4. 债券:Bond5. 期权:Option6. 期货:Futures7. 衍生品:Derivative8. 投资组合:Portfolio9. 风险管理:Risk management10. 资产负债表:Balance sheet12. 现金流量表:Cash flow statement13. 财务分析:Financial analysis14. 贷款:Loan15. 存款:Deposit16. 利率:Interest rate17. 汇率:Exchange rate18. 银行业务:Banking business19. 保险业务:Insurance business20. 财富管理:Wealth management21. 资产管理:Asset management22. 投资银行:Investment banking23. 证券交易所:Stock exchange24. 资本市场:Capital market26. 风险投资:Venture capital27. 股票交易:Stock trading28. 期货交易:Futures trading29. 存款利率:Deposit rate30. 贷款利率:Loan rate这仅仅是金融行业术语的一小部分,更多术语可以根据实际需要进行进一步查询和研究。
希望本文档对您有所帮助。
常见金融术语英汉对照与详解
综合
� Account Type (账户类型) Accrued Interest (应计利息) Additional Margin (额外保证金) Alpha (阿尔法估算) American-style Option (美式期权) Application Programming Interface (应用程序接口) Arbitrage (套利) Ask (卖盘价) At-the-money Option (平价期权)
� Raw Data (原始数据) Reference Price (参考价格) Release (版本) Release Method (释放方法) Relevant Trades (相关交易) Remaining Lifetime (距离到期时间) Repurchase Transaction ("Repo") (回购交易)
� Omega (欧米加值) Opening (开盘) Opening Interest (未平仓量) Opening of a Position (开仓) Optimization (最优化) Option (期权) Option Premium (期权金) Option Price (期权价格) Option Pricing Model (OPM) (期权定价模式) Option Seller (期权卖出者) Order (指令) Order Book (指令簿) Order Type (指令类型) OTC Trades (Over-the-Counter Trades) (场外交易) Out-of-the-money Option (价外期权) Overdue Trade-Fail (延期交易未能履约)
� Back Month(s) (远期月份) Basis (基差) Basis Point Value (基点价值) Basis Trade (基差交易) Batch (批) Bear Spread (熊市跨价) Beta (贝塔系数) Bid (买盘价) Binomial Model (二项式模型) Block Trade (大宗交易) Bobl Futures (欧洲期交所德国中期债券期货) Bond (债券) Broker (经纪人) Bull Spread (牛市跨价) Bund Futures (欧洲期交所德国长期债券期货) Buxl® Futures (欧洲期交所德国联邦政府 30 年期国债期货)
常见的金融词汇中英对照
常见的金融词汇中英对照1. 金融市场 (Financial Markets)金融市场是指用于实现资金交易和资金融通的场所,包括股票市场、债券市场、外汇市场和商品市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.•外汇市场 (Foreign Exchange Market): the market for trading foreign currencies.•商品市场 (Commodity Market): the market for trading commodities such as oil, gold, and agricultural products.2. 资本市场 (Capital Market)资本市场是指长期融资和投资的市场,包括股票市场和债券市场等。
•股票市场 (Stock Market): the market for buying and selling shares of publicly traded companies.•债券市场 (Bond Market): the market for buying and selling bonds.3. 证券 (Securities)证券是指可以转让和交易的金融工具,包括股票、债券、证券投资基金等。
•股票 (Stocks): shares of ownership in a company that can be bought and sold on a stock market.•债券 (Bonds): debt securities issued by governments, corporations, or other organizations to raise capital.•证券投资基金 (Mutual Funds): investment funds that pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, orother securities.4. 风险管理 (Risk Management)风险管理是指识别、评估和处理金融交易和投资中的各种风险,以减少损失和提高效益。
金融术语中英对照
金融术语中英对照安全网 safety按可比口径 on parable basis按轻重缓急 to prioritize暗补 implicit subsidy暗亏 hidden loss颁发营业执照 to license; to grant a license to办理存款业务 to take deposits保护农民的生产积极性 to protect farmers incentive to produce备付金(超额准备金)excess reserves本外币并账consolidation of domestic and foreign currency accounts本外币对冲操作 sterilization operation本位利益 localized interest; departmentalism奔小康 to strive to prosper; to strive to bee well-to-do避税(请见逃税) tax avoidance币种搭配不当 currency mismatch币种构成 currency position变相社会集资 disguised irregular (or illegal) fund raising表外科目(业务)off-balance-sheet items (operation) 薄弱环节 weaknesses; loopholes不变成本 fixed cost不变价 at constant price; in real terms不动产 real estate不良贷款(资产)problem loans; non-performing loans (assets)从价税 ad valorem tax从紧控制 tight control存贷款比例 loan/deposit ratio存款保险体系 deposit insurance system存款货币银行 deposit money banks存款准备金 required reserves财务公司 finance panies财政赤字 fiscal deficit财政挤银行 fiscal pressure on the central bank (over moary policy)财政政策与货币政策的配合 coordination of fiscal and moary policies采取循序渐进的方法 in a phased and sequenced manner操作弹性 operational flexibility操纵汇率 to manipulate exchange rate产品构成 product position; product mix产品积压 stock pile; excessive inventory产销率 current period inventory; (即期库存,不含前期库存)sales/output ratio产销衔接 marketability产业政策 industrial policy长期国债 treasury bonds敞口头寸 open position炒股 to speculate in the stock market承购包销 underwrite(securities)成套机电产品 plete sets of equipment; pleteplant(s)城市信用社 urban credit cooperatives (UCCs)城市合作银行 urban cooperative banks; municipal united banks城市商业银行 municipal mercial banks城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅 real growth in household ine持续升温 persistent overheating重复布点 duplicate projects重置成本 replacement cost重组计划 restructuring plan筹资渠道 funding sources; financing channels初见成效 initial success出口统一管理、归口经营 canalization of exports 出口退税 export tax rebate储蓄存款 household deposits (不完全等同于西方的savings deposits,前者包括活期存款,后者不包括。
经济金融术语汉英对照表
经济金融术语汉英对照表中文术语英文术语宏观经济学Macroeconomics微观经济学Microeconomics地区生产总值(GDP)Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 通货膨胀Inflation通货紧缩Deflation国内生产总值(GDP)Gross National Product (GNP) 名义GDP Nominal GDP实际GDP Real GDP人均GDP Per Capita GDP全民国民收入Per Capita National Income社会生产总值(Gross SocialProduct, GSP)Gross Social Product (GSP)国内生产总值增长率(GDP growth rate)Gross Domestic Product Growth Rate投资Investment消费Consumption净出口Net Exports备受关注的经济指标Key Economic Indicators通货Currency货币政策Monetary Policy货币供应量Money Supply货币政策利率Monetary Policy Interest Rates 联邦基金利率Federal Funds Rate基准利率Benchmark Interest Rate 外汇市场Foreign Exchange Market 实物经济Real Economy虚拟经济Virtual Economy金融市场Financial Market股票市场Stock Market债券市场Bond Market商品市场Commodity Market期货市场Futures Market外汇市场Foreign Exchange Market 金融机构Financial Institutions银行Bank证券公司Securities Company保险公司Insurance Company基金公司Fund Company资本市场Capital Market利率市场Interest Rate Market内部收入机制Internal Income Mechanism 资本市场有价证券交易所Capital Market SecuritiesExchange股份制Joint-Stock System公司Corporation股票Stock优先股Preferred Stock普通股Common Stock证券Securities债券Bond地方债券Municipal Bond政府债券Government Bond企业债券Corporate Bond金融派生工具Financial Derivatives期权Option期货Futures互换合同Swap Contract外汇Foreign Exchange货币市场Money Market投资基金Investment Fund公开市场操作Open Market Operations逆回购Reverse Repurchase Agreements货币购买政策Monetary Purchase Policy信贷政策Credit Policy空头市场Bear Market多头市场Bull Market黑市Black Market灰色市场Gray Market以上是经济金融领域中一些常用的中文和英文术语的对照表。
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总
金融行业中英文词汇对照汇总在金融行业中,掌握和了解中英文词汇的对照非常重要。
本文将汇总一些常见的金融行业词汇,以便读者可以更好地理解和运用这些术语。
1. 金融市场•Financial Market(金融市场)•Stock Market(股票市场)•Bond Market(债券市场)•Foreign Exchange Market(外汇市场)•Commodity Market(商品市场)•Derivatives Market(衍生品市场)2. 金融产品•Stocks(股票)•Bonds(债券)•Mutual Funds(共同基金)•ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds)(交易所交易基金)•Options(期权)•Futures(期货)•Swaps(掉期协议)•Currencies(货币)•Commodities(商品)3. 金融机构•Bank(银行)•Commercial Bank(商业银行)•Investment Bank(投资银行)•Central Bank(中央银行)•Insurance Company(保险公司)•Brokerage Firm(经纪公司)•Asset Management Company(资产管理公司)4. 财务指标•Net Income(净利润)•Revenue(营业收入)•Expenses(费用)•Assets(资产)•Liabilities(负债)•Equity(股东权益)•Return on Investment(投资回报率)•Profit Margin(利润率)•Cash Flow(现金流)•Earnings per Share(每股收益)5. 金融服务•Banking Services(银行服务)•Investment Services(投资服务)•Insurance Services(保险服务)•Financial Planning(财务规划)•Wealth Management(财富管理)•Risk Management(风险管理)•Retirement Planning(退休规划)•Tax Services(税务服务)6. 金融专业名词•Economics(经济学)•Finance(金融学)•Accounting(会计学)•Portfolio Management(投资组合管理)•Asset Allocation(资产配置)•Risk Assessment(风险评估)•Hedge Fund(对冲基金)•Interest Rate(利率)•Inflation(通胀)•Capital(资本)7. 国际金融相关词汇•International Monetary Fund(国际货币基金组织)•World Bank(世界银行)•Export(出口)•Import(进口)•Balance of Trade(贸易差额)•Foreign Direct Investment(外国直接投资)•Exchange Rate(汇率)•Trade Surplus(贸易顺差)•Trade Deficit(贸易逆差)•Sovereign Debt(主权债务)以上仅为一些常见的金融行业中英文词汇对照,读者可以根据需要进一步扩充和学习。
常用金融词汇中英对照
常用金融词汇中英对照小编为大家整理了常用金融词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦! 常用金融词汇中英对照:acquiring company 收购公司bad loan 呆帐chart of cash flow 现金流量表clearly-established ownership 产权清晰debt to equity 债转股diversity of equities 股权多元化economy of scale 规模经济emerging economies 新兴经济exchange-rate regime 汇率机制fund and financing 筹资融资global financial architecture 全球金融体系global integration, globality 全球一体化,全球化go public 上市growth spurt (经济的)急剧增长have one's "two commas" 百万富翁hedge against 套期保值housing mortgage 住房按揭holdings 控股,所持股份holding company 控股公司initial offerings 原始股initial public offerings 首次公募innovative business 创新企业intellectual capital 智力资本inter-bank lending 拆借internet customer 网上客户investment payoff period 投资回收期joint-stock 参股mall rat 爱逛商店的年轻人means of production 生产要素(the)medical cost social pool for major diseases 大病医疗费用社会统筹mergers and acquisitions 并购mobile-phone banking 移动电话银行业moods 人气net potato 网虫non-store seling 直销offering 新股online-banking 网上银行业online-finance 在线金融online client (银行的)网上客户paper profit 帐面收益physical assets 有形资产project fund system 项目资本金制度pyramid sale 传销recapitalize 资产重组regional corrency blocks 地区货币集团regulate 调控sell off 变现share(stock) option 期权,股票认购权smart card 智能卡slash prices 杀价spare capacity 闲置的生产能力strong growth 强劲的增长势头switch trade 转手贸易take…public 上市tap the idle assets 盘活存量资产transaction (银行的) 交易transfer payment from the exchequer 财政转移支付venture-capital 风险资本virtual bank 虚拟银行wire transfer 电子转帐。
金融术语中英对照(附中文释义)
金融术语中英对照(附中文释义)American Style Option:美式选择权自选择权契约成立之日起,至到期日之前,买方可以在此期间以事先约定的价格,随时要求选择权的卖方履行契约。
亦即,要求选择权的卖方依契约条件买入或卖出交易标的物。
Appreciation: 升值在外汇市场中,升值使指一个货币相对于另一个货币的价值增加。
Arbitrage: 套利在金融市场从事交易时,利用市场的失衡状况来进行交易,以获取利润的操作方式。
其主要操作方法有两种:一为利用同一产品,在不同市场的价格差异;一为利用在同一市场中各种产品的价格差异来操作。
不论是采用何种方法来进行套利交易,其产品或市场的风险程度必须是相等的。
Asset Allocation: 资产分配原则基于风险分散原则,资金经理在评估其资金需求,经营绩效与风险程度之后,将所持有的资产分散投资于各类型的金融产品中。
如股票、外汇、债券、贵金属、房地产、放款、定存等项,以求得收益与风险均衡的最适当资产组合(Optimum Assets Components).Asset/Liability Management(ALM): 资产负债管理由于金融机构的资产为各种放款及投资,而负债主要为各种存款,费用收入、或投资人委托之资金。
因此资产负债管理的目的,即在于使银行以有限的资金,在兼顾安全性(Safty)、流动性(Liquidity)、获利性(Profitability)及分散性(Diversification)的情况下,进行最适当的资产与负债的分配(Asset Allocation)。
At The Money: 评价选择权交易中,履行价格等于远期价格时称之为评价。
Bear Market: 空头市场(熊市)在金融市场中,若投资人认为交易标的物价格会下降,便会进行卖出该交易标的物的操作策略。
因交易者在卖出补回前,其手中并未持有任何交易标的物,故称为:“空头”。
所谓空头市场就是代表大部分的市场参与者皆不看好后市的一种市场状态。
常见金融词汇中英文对照
常见金融词汇中英文对照ABS 资产担保证券(Asset Backed Securities的英文缩写)Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Acceptor 承兑人;受票人;接受人Accommodation paper 融通票据;担保借据Accounts payable 应付帐款Accounts receivable 应收帐款Accrual basis 应计制;权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息Accredited Investors 合资格投资者;受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例,可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者Accredit value 自然增长值Accrediting 本金增值适用于多种工具,指名义本金在工具(如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权)的期限内连续增长。
ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率;速动比率Across the board 全面一致;全盘的Acting in concert 一致行动;合谋Active assets 活动资产;有收益资产Active capital 活动资本Actual market 现货市场Actuary 精算师;保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行ADR 美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证[股市] 指由负责保管所存托外国股票的存托银行所发行一种表明持有人拥有多少外国股票(即存托股份)的收据。
ADR一般以美元计价和进行交易,及被视为美国证券。
对很多美国投资者而言,买卖ADR比买卖ADR所代表的股票更加方便、更流动、成本较低和容易。
大部份预托收据为ADR;但也可以指全球预托收(GDR) ,欧洲预托收据(EDR) 或国际预托收据(IDR) 。
从法律和行政立场而言,所有预托收据具有同样的意义。
ADS 美国存托股份Ad valorem 从价;按值Affiliated company 关联公司;联营公司After date 发票后,出票后After-market 后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。
金融常用词汇的中英文对照及注解.
英文术语中文翻译详细解释Accelerated Depreciation 加快折旧任何基于会计或税务原因促使一项资产在较早期以较大金额折旧的折旧原则Accident and Health Benefits 意外与健康福利为员工提供有关疾病、意外受伤或意外死亡的福利。
这些福利包括支付医院及医疗开支以及有关时期的收入。
Accounts Receivable (AR) 应收账款客户应付的金额。
拥有应收账款指公司已经出售产品或服务但仍未收取款项Accretive Acquisition 具增值作用的收购项目能提高进行收购公司每股盈利的收购项目Acid Test 酸性测试比率一项严谨的测试,用以衡量一家公司是否拥有足够的短期资产,在无需出售库存的情况下解决其短期负债。
计算方法:(现金 + 应收账款 +短期投资)‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾流动负债Act of God Bond 天灾债券保险公司发行的债券,旨在将债券的本金及利息与天然灾害造成的公司损失联系起来Active Bond Crowd 活跃债券投资者在纽约股票交易所内买卖活跃的定息证券Active Income 活动收入来自提供服务所得的收入,包括工资、薪酬、奖金、佣金,以及来自实际参与业务的收入Active Investing 积极投资包含持续买卖行为的投资策略。
主动投资者买入投资,并密切注意其走势,以期把握盈利机会Active Management 积极管理寻求投资回报高于既定基准的投资策略Activity Based Budgeting 以活动为基础的预算案一种制定预算的方法,过程为列举机构内每个部门所有牵涉成本的活动,并确立各种活动之间的关系,然后根据此资料决定对各项活动投入的资源Activity BasedManagement以活动为基础的管理利用以活动为基础的成本计算制度改善一家公司的运营Activity Ratio 活动比率一项用以衡量一家公司将其资产负债表内账项转为现金或营业额的能力的会计比率Actual Return 实际回报一名投资者的实际收益或损失,可用以下公式表示:预期回报加上公司特殊消息及总体经济消息Actuary 精算保险公司的专业人员,负责评估申请人及其医疗纪录,以预测申请人的寿命Acquisition 收购一家公司收购另一家公司的多数股权Acquisition Premium 收购溢价收购一家公司的实际成本与该公司收购前估值之间的差额Affiliated Companies 联营公司一家公司拥有另一家公司少数权益(低于50%)的情况,或指两家公司之间存在某些关联Affiliated Person 关联人士能影响一家企业活动的人士,包括董事、行政人员及股东等After Hours Trading 收盘后交易主要大型交易所正常交易时间以外进行的买卖交易After Tax Operating 税后营运收入一家公司除税后的总营运收入。
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常见金融词汇中英对照ABS 资产担保证券(Asset Backed Securities的英文缩写)Accelerated depreciation 加速折旧Acceptor 承兑人;受票人;接受人Accommodation paper 融通票据;担保借据Accounts payable 应付帐款Accounts receivable 应收帐款Accrual basis 应计制;权责发生制Accrued interest 应计利息Accredited Investors 合资格投资者;受信投资人指符合美国证券交易委员(SEC)条例,可参与一般美国非公开(私募)发行的部份机构和高净值个人投资者Accredit value 自然增长值Accrediting 本金增值适用于多种工具,指名义本金在工具(如上限合约、上下限合约、掉期和互换期权)的期限内连续增长。
ACE 美国商品交易所Acid Test Ratio 酸性测验比率;速动比率Across the board 全面一致;全盘的Acting in concert 一致行动;合谋Active assets 活动资产;有收益资产Active capital 活动资本Actual market 现货市场Actuary 精算师;保险统计专家ADB 亚洲开发银行ADR 美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证[股市] 指由负责保管所存托外国股票的存托银行所发行一种表明持有人拥有多少外国股票(即存托股份)的收据。
ADR一般以美元计价和进行交易,及被视为美国证券。
对很多美国投资者而言,买卖ADR比买卖ADR所代表的股票更加方便、更流动、成本较低和容易。
大部份预托收据为ADR;但也可以指全球预托收(GDR) ,欧洲预托收据(EDR) 或国际预托收据(IDR) 。
从法律和行政立场而言,所有预托收据具有同样的意义。
ADS 美国存托股份Ad valorem 从价;按值Affiliated company 关联公司;联营公司After date 发票后,出票后After-market 后市[股市] 指某只新发行股票在定价和配置后的交易市场。
市场参与者关注的是紧随的后市情况,即头几个交易日。
有人把后市定义为股价稳定期,即发行结束后的30天。
也有人认为后市应指稳定期过后的交易市况。
然而,较为普遍的是把这段时期视为二级市场Age dependency (ratio) 年龄抚养比率AGM 周年大会Agreement 协议;协定All-or-none order 整批委托Allocation 分配;配置Allotment 配股Alpha (Market Alpha) 阿尔法;预期市场可得收益水平Alternative investment 另类投资American Commodities Exchange 美国商品交易所American Depository Receipt 美国存股证;美国预托收据;美国存托凭证(简称"ADR "参见ADR栏目)American Depository Share 美国存托股份Amercian Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所American style option 美式期权美式期权的持有人有权在期权期限内的任何时候执行期权,包括到期前和到期日。
Amex 美国证券交易所Amortizable intangibles 可摊销的无形资产Amortization 摊销Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹证券交易所Annual General Meeting 周年大会Annualized 年度化;按年计Annual report 年报;年度报告Anticipatory breach 预期违约Antitrust 反垄断APEC 亚太区经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)Appreciation [财产] 增值;涨价Appropriation 拨款;经费;指拨金额Arbitrage 套利;套汇;套戥指通过同时买卖两种等同工具或证券,但买入价比卖出价低廉而获得的保证或无风险利润。
Arbitration 仲裁Arm's length transaction 公平交易Articles of Association 公司章程;组织细则At-the-money option 平价期权;等价期权ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟(东盟)Asian bank syndication market 亚洲银团市场Asian dollar bonds 亚洲美元债券Asset Allocation 资产配置Asset Backed Securities 资产担保证券(简称"ABS")Asset Management 资产管理Asset swap 资产掉期;资产互换一种由现金信用工具和掉期组成的一篮子工具,这种互换将非票面值工具(债券或贷款)的现金流转换为票面值(浮动利率)结构。
资产掉期通常将固定利率债券转换为票面值浮动利率债券。
但交叉货币资产掉期也十分常见,它们将现金流从一种货币转换为另一种货币。
Assignment method 转让方法;指定分配方法ASX 澳大利亚证券交易所At-the-money 平价[期权]执行价格被设定为与基础工具的现行市场价格相同。
Auckland Stock Exchange 奥克兰证券交易所Auction market 竞价市场Authorized capital 法定股本;核准资本Authorized fund 认可基金Authorized representative 授权代表Australian Options Market 澳大利亚期权交易所Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亚证券交易所Back-door listing 借壳上市Back-end load 撤离费;后收费用Back office 后勤办公室Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外汇协议Balance of payments 国际收支平衡;收支结余Balance of trade 贸易平衡Balance sheet 资产负债表Balloon maturity 期末放气式偿还Balloon payment 最末期大笔还清Bank, Banker, Banking 银行;银行家;银行业Bank for International Settlements 国际结算银行Bankruptcy 破产Base day 基准日Base rate 基准利率Basel Capital Accord 巴塞尔资本协议Basis point 基点;点子一个基点等如一个百分点(%)的百分之一。
举例:25个基点=0.25%。
Basis swap 基准掉期Bear market 熊市;股市行情看淡Bearer 持票人Bearer stock 不记名股票Behind-the-scene 未开拓市场Below par 低于平值Benchmark 比较基准Beneficiary 受益人Bermudan option 百慕大期权百慕大期权介乎美式与欧式之间,持有人有权在到期日前的一个或多个日期执行期权。
Best practice 最佳做法;典范做法Beta (Market beta) 贝他(系数);市场风险指数Bills department 押汇部Bid 出价;投标价;买盘指由买方报出表示愿意按此水平买入的一个价格。
Bill of exchange 汇票Binary 二元制;二进法(只有两个可能的结果)Binary option 二元期权又称数字期权或非全有即全无期权。
如果基础工具满足预先确定的启动条件,二元期权将支付一个固定金额,在其他情形下则不支付任何收益。
BIS 国际结算银行Blackout period 封锁期Block trade 大额交易;大宗买卖Blue chips 蓝筹股Blue Sky [美国] 蓝天法;股票买卖交易法Board of directors 董事会Bona fide buyer 真诚买家Bond market 债券市场,债市Bonds 债券,债票Bonus issue 派送红股Bonus share 红股Book value 帐面值Bookbuilding 建立投资者购股意愿档案;建档;询价圈购[股市] 包销商用以定价一笔发行的方法。
包销商在促销活动结束后把所收集的初步购股订单一一记下,然后根据投资者愿意支付的价格水平订定最终发行价。
Bookrunner 投资意愿建档人;帐簿管理人[股市] 指负责为发行建立投资者购股意愿档案的银行,亦即负责为一笔发行组织承销、拟定不同市场的发行规模、执行促销活动、定价、配置和后市稳定工作的银行。
Boom-bust 繁荣-崩溃(形容周期的快起快落)BOOT 建造;拥有;经营;转让BOT 建造;经营;转让Bottom line 底线;最低限度Bottom-up 由下而上(方法)Bounced cheque 空头支票Bourse 股票交易所(法文)BP (Basis Point) 基点Brand management 品牌管理Break-up fees 破除协议费用Break-up valuation 破产清理价值评估Breakeven point 收支平衡点Bretton Woods System 布里敦森林体系它是于1944年7月22日在美国新罕布什尔州布里敦森林召开的联合国家货币金融会议上创立的一个国际货币固定汇率制度。
根据协定,美元与黄金挂钩,而所有其他货币汇价则钉住美元。
体系于上世纪70年代初崩溃。
Bridging loan 临时贷款/过渡贷款Broad money 广义货币Broker, Broking,Brokerage House 经纪;证券买卖;证券交易;证券行;经纪行Brussels Stock Exchange 布鲁塞尔证券交易所BSSM 建造/设备供应-服务/维修Bubble economy 泡沫经济Build, Operate and Transfer 建造、经营、转让Build, Own, Operate and Transfer 建造;拥有;经营;转让Build/Supply-Service/Maintain 建造/设备供应-服务/维修Bull market 牛市;股市行情看涨Bullets 不得赎回直至到期(债券结构之一)Bullish 看涨; 看好行情Bundesbank 德国联邦银行;德国央行Business day 营业日Business management 业务管理;商务管理;工商管理Business studies 业务研究;商业研究Buy-back 回购Buy-side analyst 买方分析员[股市]为机构投资者服务的股票研究分析员。