高考英语主旨大意题专项练习
高考英语阅读理解专题练习-主旨大意题
英语阅读理解专题指导－主旨大意题主旨大意题在阅读理解试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。
主旨大意是作者在文章中要表达的主要内容，是全文的核心，作者在文章中努力通过各种细节信息来阐明中心话题。
因此，把握主旨大意对于正确理解全文具有重要意义。
要找出主旨大意，应采用快速阅读法浏览全文，阅读时要注意抓住表达中心思想的句子。
文章不同，中心句在文章中的位置也就不同，但一般情况下阅读时应特别留意文章的开头、结尾及各个段落的首句和尾句，因为它们往往包含文章的中心议题。
常见的命题方式：What is the main idea of this passage?What dose this passage mainly concern?The main theme of this passage is_____________The main point of the passage is___________Which of the following is the best title for the passage?The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is______The purpose of the writer writing this passage is_____Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole?文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下几种情况：1。
题句位于句首。
主题句出现在文首，开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑主题句所表达的主题思想。
这是英语中最常见的演绎写作法。
2。
主题句位于段末。
主题句出现在文章结尾是作者采用了先摆事实，后作结论的手法。
这种段落称作归纳型段落。
这是英语中最常见的归纳写作法。
3. 主题句首尾呼应。
为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方法也较为多见。
高考英语听力理解主旨大意归纳单选题30题
高考英语听力理解主旨大意归纳单选题30题1.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Going on a trip.B.Buying a gift.C.Visiting a friend.D.Planning a party.答案：B。
本题主要考查对对话主旨大意的理解。
通过听力内容可知，两人在讨论买什么礼物合适，所以正确答案是B。
A 选项“去旅行”在对话中未提及；C 选项“拜访朋友”不是对话的主要内容；D 选项“计划一个派对”在对话中也没有体现。
2.What is the conversation mainly about?A.Ordering food.B.Cooking a meal.C.Cleaning the kitchen.D.Decorating the house.答案：A。
对话围绕着两人讨论点什么食物展开，所以正确答案是A。
B 选项“做饭”、C 选项“打扫厨房”和D 选项“装饰房子”在对话中均未涉及。
3.What are the speakers discussing?A.Watching a movie.B.Reading a book.C.Playing a game.D.Doing homework.答案：A。
听力内容中两人在谈论看哪部电影，故正确答案是A。
B 选项“读书”、C 选项“玩游戏”和D 选项“做作业”与对话主旨不符。
4.What is the main topic of the conversation?A.Taking a bus.B.Riding a bike.C.Driving a car.D.Walking to school.答案：B。
对话主要围绕着骑自行车出行展开，所以答案是B。
A 选项“坐公交车”、C 选项“开车”和D 选项“步行去学校”在对话中未被提及。
5.What are the speakers talking about?A.Planting flowers.B.Watering the garden.C.Painting the house.D.Fixing the fence.答案：C。
高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——文章大意类【含答案及解析】
考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类A(2021·山东烟台一模)The paper, published in May by the Journal of Marketing Research, analysed purchases made from a single large European retailer and found that free shipping did encourage customers to buy more. But it also increased purchases of items that historically have higher return rates, such as clothing or products from lesser-known brands. Thus, returns also increased as a result of the promotions, to the point where profits were erased.In one part of the paper, during the typically four-week periods when free shipping was offered, online order volumes rose 11%. But when the cost of returns was compared with the sales proceeds(收入), the authors calculated that on balance the results for the promotion periods amounted to an average 0.7% loss.In one analysis that ran for two months, the researchers found that the return rate for customers who bought low-risk products—like office supplies, or products from well-known brands—averaged about 22%.In another analysis, the researchers attempted to better understand motivations of online shoppers by measuring their attitudes towards free shipping. They found two things were happening. First, consumers saw free shipping as compensation for taking a risk on a product. Second, feelings of gratitude for having shipping costs eliminated(消除) made them happy and thus more willing to make a risky purchase.Prof.Neslin advises companies to look at whether their own free-shipping promotions are profitable before they launch such campaigns. Also, he advises companies to identify which products get returned more often than others and try to provide customers with more information about those products, so they can make more informed choices.1.What erased the profits according to the first paragraph?A.The risky customers.B.The European retailer.C.The returned items.D.The lesser-known brands.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Consumers risked purchasing a product when free shipping came along with it.B.Free shipping encouraged customers to buy products from well-known brands.C.Online order volumes rose only when free shipping was offered as compensation.D.Purchases of office supplies also increased during the typically four-week periods.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Low-risk products.B.Return rates.C.Increased purchases.D.Free shipping.B(2021·湖北黄冈高三4月模拟)An advance in electronic publishing could make the e-book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to explore the growing success of e-books by releasing versions with added soundtracks(电影原声音乐) and musical accompaniments.The noise in the first multimedia books—released in Britain—include the rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. When the plot of a book reaches the most exciting part, background scores will create tension.Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for e-books and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noise will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading.Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said,“Young people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.”Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of sync(同步), a click on any word will reset it.Some authors fear that a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of Our Day, the best-seller now released as a film, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an e-book because I’m constantly distracted by emails.”Stuart MacBride sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said,“If I’m reading, I will do the noise in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what teacups clinking sounds like. That would irritate me.”4.What do publishers expect an e-book soundtrack to do?A.Help to release an e-book as a film.B.Help readers improve reading speed.C.Add tension at a book’s exciting point.D.Get readers familiar with the background.5.Who is in favour of added soundtracks for e-books?A.Sherlock Holmes.B.Caroline Michel.C.David Nicholls.D.Stuart MacBride.6.What do we know about Stuart MacBride?A.He was a person who was easy to get angry.B.He knew a great deal of tea.C.Eighty-two percent of his books described crime.D.He imagined sounds related to the story when reading.7.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.Opinions about e-books with soundtracks.B.Response to the need of the book market.C.Reasons for traditional e-books becoming outdated.D.Suggestions on encouraging readers’ imagination.C(2021·湖南长郡十五校高三联考)For most people, graduation is an exciting day of the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day was not.I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to attend the celebration. But just like everyone else in my class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two, and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as I was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loan was drawing closer.You know that feeling when you wake up in fear? That feeling became a constant in my life. Days felt like weeks, weeks like months. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn’t seem to make any progress.So what did I do to maintain my sanity(理智)? I decided to write. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough, sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I put my thoughts into a children’s book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview and was hired shortly.The moral of this story is... don’t give up. Even if things look bleak now, don’t give up. If you work hard, things will always get better. Oftentimes all we need is the courage to overcome difficulties.8.From paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably .A.was having an exciting graduationB.was getting into financial difficultiesC.missed the life in the universityD.had just applied for the student loan9.How did the author change the frustrating situation?A.By sending applications.B.By offering contracts.C.By keeping writing.D.By publishing books.10.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph?A.Unattractive.B.Hopeless.C.Thrilling.D.Promising.11.What is the passage mainly about?A.Success belongs to the persevering.B.A contented mind is a permanent feast.C.A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner.D.Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
2025届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题解题策略及真题练习+课件
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段落大意题 纳
文章大意题
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主旨大意题(段落大意、文章大意、标题归纳) 旨在考查考生对段落大意或文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力 1.段落大意题 ① What does the author tell us in paragraph...? ② Which of the following can best summarize para....? ③ What is the...paragraph mainly about? 2.文章大意题 ① What’s the main idea/point of the passage? ② Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? ③ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage? 3.标题归纳题 ① Which of the following is the best title of the passage? ② What would be the best title for the passage?
...“I was deeply attracted by the techniques. You can see why this bowl is so highly-valued from the very smooth porcelain body, silky glaze(上 釉 )and special blue coloring, which were never reproduced in later dynasties,” McAteer, an auction specialist, said...
高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——段落大意类【含答案及解析】
考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类A(2021·山东淄博高三三模)For 30 years we have been told how temperatures have been rising rapidly to the unheard-of level. This is causing polar ice to melt, sea level to rise and has brought about a dangerous increase in extreme weather events. These intense changes would likely present challenges to our society and environment.The causes of climate change are mainly anthropogenic(人类活动引起的) in nature. Since the industrial revolution, human activities have increased the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The increased amount of gases which absorb heat has led to more heat being kept in the atmosphere, causing global warming.The certainty of global warming can be seen through some of the natural phenomena like the effect on crops and extreme weather conditions around the world. The recent assessment report says that the earth’s average temperature has risen by 0.74 degrees from 1906 to 2005, and that the average temperature will continue to rise. There have also been more violent downpours, and the ice at the world’s poles and on its mountains is melting. The rising sea level is flooding the low-lying countries in Asia and small islands in the Pacific. This may lead to the displacement of millions of people, loss of millions of land and consequently billions of dollars.Troubled by the serious situation, world leaders came together for the 2015 United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference in Paris. The climate talks led to 196 countries reaching a landmark agreement that committed nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions to address global climate change. That was certainly an encouraging step for our earth and mankind!As the world leaders continue to commit themselves to monitor our sick planet, we need to continue to take small steps to heal the world. We don’t have much choice. If only we could just pack our bags and migrate to Mars!1.What does paragraph2mainly talk about?A.The information of industrial revolution.B.The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.C.The reasons of climate change.D.The result of extreme weather events.2.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.We have made great achievements.B.Some measures are still required to take.C.Mars is suitable for people’s living.D.Some countries will receive urgent aid.3.Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?(P:Paragraph)B(2021·陕西高三下学期模拟)Eating chocolate at least once a week could put off a heart attack, according to a new research. Chocolate is packed with plant chemicals that weaken inflammation(炎症) and help blood flow, explained scientists.Lead author Dr Chayakrit Krittanawong said,“Our study suggests chocolate helps keep the heart’s blood vessels healthy.” It collected data from six trials that examined the link over the past five decades. A total of 336,289 people reported their intake. Those who ate chocolate more than once a week reduced their risk of coronary artery(冠状动脉) disease by eight percent. This was compared to peers who ate it less than once a week.Chocolate is known to produce the same chemical in the brain as falling in love. Dr Krittanawong said,“Chocolate contains healthy nutrients such as flavonoids(类黄酮), polyphenols and stearic acid which may reduce inflammation.”Known medically as HDL(high-density lipoprotein)(高密度脂蛋白), it helps to rid LDL (low-density lipoprotein) out of the body. When this collects, it causes vessels and arteries to become blocked up. It can stop blood flow to the heart or brain, causing a heart attack or stroke. Dr Krittanawong said,“In the past, clinical studies have shown chocolate is beneficial for blood pressure.”Dark chocolate has long been known to have health benefits but recent research has suggested milk chocolate may also provide valuable nutrients to the heart. Dr Krittanawong pointed out his study did not investigate whether any particular type of chocolate was more beneficial—or if there was an ideal portion size. He said,“Chocolate appears promising for the prevention of coronary artery disease. But more research is needed to show how much and what kind of chocolate could be recommended.”While it’s not clear how much is perfect, Dr Krittanawong warned people against overeating. He said,“Moderate amounts of chocolate seem to protect coronary arteries but it’s likely that large quantities do not.”4.What does paragraph2mainly talk about?A.The result of the study.B.The process of the study.C.The participants of the study.D.The intention of the study.5.Which of the following can probably prevent blood flow?A.A heart attack.B.A stroke.C.High-density lipoprotein.D.Low-density lipoprotein.6.What does the recent study tell us?A.Chocolate is good for blood pressure.B.Dark chocolate is beneficial for health.k chocolate may also benefit the heart.D.Chocolate contains special plant chemicals.7.What’s Dr Krittanawong’s attitude towards chocolate’s preventing coronary artery disease?A.Indifferent.B.Hopeful.C.Negative.D.Uncertain.C(2021·辽宁高三3月联考)Few people realise that it takes many volunteers for one young child to have a half-hour riding lesson.I volunteer at Valley Therapeutic Equestrian Association (VTEA), close to the Washington State border. It takes a few paid staff and an army of volunteers—approximately eighty—to take care of a dozen horses and help with eighty or more children during the week. There is a large barn to clean, and hay nets and water buckets to brush and fill. Specific feeds for each horse must be prepared twice daily... The list is endless.To prepare a horse for a ride, someone has to bring it in from the outside, at times sinking into inches of black, sticky mud during the winter months. Usually, two volunteers groom(刷洗; 梳毛) the horse and put on the special saddle. Then they lead the horse to where the lesson takes place. There, one volunteer leads the horse, and usually two walk alongside for safety, one on each side. Then the horse must be returned to the barn, unsaddled, cleaned and fed.Yet so many people willingly give their time—because the children need us. Ranging in age from two upwards, the children have varying degrees of mental disabilities. Some have severe physical disabilities. Riding strengthens their muscles and bones, enabling them to enjoy a more fruitful life.Throughout my past life as an accountant, business author and speaker, I volunteered on many fields and in many organisations. However, a terrible motor-vehicle accident changed my life in a split second when my car was hit—as was my head—causing severe brain injury. It was hard to accept a new “me”, until I discovered that I needed to do something that I have a passion for. I love horses, and working with them and with the children has helped turn my life around. The journey back has been painful but worthwhile. Now, fourteen years later, I am a different person.8.What is the main idea of paragraph2?A.Horses for riding lessons are cared for carefully.B.Horse-riding lessons bring children many benefits.C.Volunteers have much to do for a horse-riding lesson.D.Disabled children are taught horse-riding in a different way.9.What does the author think of her voluntary work in VTEA?A.Risky and thrilling.B.Tiring but worthwhile.C.Funny and enjoyable.D.Demanding but fruitless.10.What can be inferred about the author from the last paragraph?A.The accident transformed her thoroughly.B.Volunteering has brought her a win-win result.C.She’s never recovered from the injury.D.She wasn’t interested in voluntary work before.11.What could be the best title for the passage?A.Helping Children in NeedB.Surviving the Brain InjuryC.Volunteering: A Journey BackD.Horse-riding: A Hard Lesson考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——标题归纳类【含答案及解析】
考点分类练(八)主旨大意题——标题归纳类A(2021·山东济宁一模)During a decline in tourism, one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in “visitors”recently. So many are the hermit crabs(寄居蟹) flooding into the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells for them to live in have become in short supply.The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200 kg. On December 5 these were distributed around the park in a ceremony.Hermit crabs rely on shells to protect their soft bodies, moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta and the surrounding smaller islands, their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomenon, rather than directly related to the absence of tourists. But the shortage of shells may be man-made: pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as goods. Crabs begun to make do with potential death-traps such as plastic caps and bottles.The shell drive is part of a government initiative to regain the balance of nature.“I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes,” says the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the pause in tourism brought on by the epidemic. A ban on international visitors and the closure of national parks have helped nature recover, bringing endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket, turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years.The government has decided to try to copy the policy during the epidemic in future. From now on, all national parks will be required to close for a short period during the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism in the short term, in the longer run more parks may help to keep the tourists coming.1.What happened to the beaches of Koh Lanta recently?A.They got flooded by seawater.B.They became completely empty.C.They were packed with hermit crabs.D.They saw a constant stream of tourists.2.What contributed to the housing shortage for hermit crabs?A.Natural disasters.B.Human activities.C.Their preference for bottles.D.The government’s involvement.3.Why are turtles mentioned in paragraph 4?A.To warn turtles are dying out.B.To prove beaches are their ideal habitats.C.To stress the ecological diversity of Thailand.D.To illustrate the birth of the minister’s inspiration.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Developing Economy or Protecting Animals?B.Closing National Parks or Drawing More Visitors?ernments Are Responsible for the Balance of NatureD.Authorities Help to Find Shelters for Homeless Hermit CrabsB(2021·山东烟台一模)Many teachers believe frequent quizzes(小测验) help students better grasp classroom material. Crede, an associate professor of psychology, was skeptical that something as simple as a quiz could positively affect students’ academic performance. He decided to dig deeper and conduct an analytic study of existing research to see if there was any proof of the idea. What he discovered truly surprised him.Crede analysed data from previously published studies that examined 52 classes with almost 8,000 students, to determine if frequent quizzes improved the students’ academic performance. Laboratory settings were kept out of the study because Crede wanted to observe whether similar studies from labs would apply to general classrooms.Crede discovered that when students were quizzed over classroom material at least once a week, they tended to perform better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes. He also found that students who took frequent quizzes were less likely to fail the class, especially if they were struggling with the course content. Students who struggled the most in a class seemed to benefit the greatest from frequent quizzes. The other surprising thing was how much quizzes helped reduce failure rates in classes. The chances of passing a class went through the roof where instructors used this. In addition to quiz frequency, another factor that seemed to positively affect students’ performance was immediate feedback from instructors. Also, quizzes that required students to answer with written responses proved more beneficial to their understanding of classroom material compared to multiple-choice questions.Asking teachers to grade written quizzes daily or weekly may discourage some from carrying them out in their classes. Instead, it is recommended that instructors give online quizzes that can be automatically graded by a course management system. Quiz attributes(属性) proved insignificant in the study, including whether the tests were pop quizzes or planned, or if they were online or on paper.5.What did Crede do to ensure his study’s accuracy?A.He focused on what happened in classrooms.B.He researched as many students as he could.C.He made laboratory settings as real as possible.D.He gave easy quizzes to make every student do well.6.What did Crede discover in his study?A.Frequent quizzes could remove students’ failure in classes.B.Instructors’ feedback was more important than frequent quizzes.C.Frequent quizzes were especially useful to the struggling students.D.Multiple-choice questions shouldn’t be included in frequent quizzes.7.What may be a disadvantage of frequent quizzes for teachers?A.Accessing the Internet less frequently.B.Having too many exam papers to mark.C.Being unable to get appropriate test material.D.Finding it hard to choose the right type.8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Quizzes Stimulate a Passion for CreationB.Quizzes Improve Academic PerformanceC.Quizzes Create a Heavy BurdenD.Quizzes Increase BoredomC(2021·安徽安庆高三二模)Becoming a parent brings out the best in many animals. Although parenting is usually left to the females, the males from many species will also care for the offspring. Take anemone fish(海葵鱼) for example.Despite their smaller size, the males help the females defend the nest, but only the males take care of it. They use their fins as fans to provide a constant flow of oxygen and keep the surroundings clean. They also put a lot of effort into the nest.The eggs take about five days to hatch. During this important period, the males fan them to provide oxygen and remove the rubbish. They also pick up the eggs in their mouths and move them around to remove any bacteria. One of the biggest threats comes from female sticklebacks(刺鱼), who form organised groups and attack the nests to eat all the eggs.The males defend the newborn fish and bring back the ones who move too far from the nest. Once the fish grow up, they become a little bit more independent and start to swim away. The dad swims after them, picks them up in his mouth, and spits them back into his nest. Eventually, he gets to the point where he can’t keep track of them and that’s when they separate.Doting(宠爱的) fathers are not restricted to the world of fish. In some poison frog species, the dads also warn the mums when the young ones are hungry and need to be fed.9.What does the underlined word “offspring” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Children.B.Relatives.C.Friends.D.Colleagues.10.What can we infer about the male anemone fish?A.They take full responsibility for building the nest.B.They are much larger than the female anemone fish.C.They are actually extremely excellent fathers.D.They frequently make attacks on other animals.11.What does it mean when the dad can’t track its young fish?A.The dad can’t tend to the young fish.B.The young fish are already independent.C.The living environment is worse.D.The dad is in a state of aging.12.What can be the best title for the text?A.The Model Father in the Animal KingdomB.The New Role of the Male Anemone FishC.The Really Caring Caregivers in LifeD.A Strange Phenomenon in Nature考点分类练(八)主旨大意题——标题归纳类【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。
超实用高考英语复习：阅读理解——主旨大意题 -测 (解析版)
专题14 阅读理解：主旨大意题备考高考英语二轮复习距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
名校最新模拟试题主旨大意题（共20小题）1.(2022年8月浙江省“山水联盟”高三联考)You really should ask the question: will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause? Sometimes it makes matters worse. For example, many charities help African people install water pumps to deliver clean water to their communities. Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60, 000 pumps across sub-Saharan Africa. However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point. They have been left there, like expensive but useless decorations.......Ultimately, to whom and how much you give is your choice. It is important to provide highly specialized services instead of material goods. As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.15. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Has your donation hit a dead end?B. Why should you make a donation?C. Where does my donation take its way?D. Will my donation to charity really help?【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。
2024年新高考英语一轮复习专题 20 阅读理解之主旨大意题(含答案解析)
专题20 阅读理解（主旨大意题）1.（2023·广东深圳·高三统考期末）Boston wants to be smarter. The city has taken advantage of technologies to become more responsive to its residents' needs. But technology alone is not sufficient to make today's cities liveable. Boston has discovered that it also needs to reach the old-fashioned low-tech community and integrate that technology with city life.Kris Carter rolled out Boston's smart city program in 2014. It started with an App that residents could download to report locations where sidewalks needed repair. The city sorted out those reports and ranked them in a database, which repair crews used to prioritize their work.The system worked beautifully, except for one problem: most of the alerts(警报) came from wealthier neighborhoods, where the concentration of smartphone - equipped residents was highest. ＂The complaints from the App didn't always correlate with the greatest community need for repairs, " explains Carter.Carter's group has moved away from the model common to many smart city initiatives of letting tech-savvy(精通技术的）residents drive the process. Instead, they run meetings to find out what problems people in different neighborhoods care about solving. When it came to sidewalks, Boston introduced a second method of collecting repair tips, hiring people to get out and walk the city's 1,700 miles of sidewalks to take notes on their condition.Whether using low-tech or high-tech approaches, says Carter, to stay smart, a city needs to continually reassess its options to spot opportunities to improve residents' lives. Take the sidewalk repair program, walking on the streets was proved a useful, if inefficient way to prioritize repair needs. But last year the group found that walkers' mobile phones could be tracked as they moved along the streets, and that data could be analyzed to identify sidewalk routes which are most often used by neighborhoods.“Combined with our other sidewalk information, that gave us an even better way to predict where faster repairs would do the most good," says Carter,"We're really always looking for whatever mix of approaches best solves the problem."1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?A．The citizens' life.B．The city's reputation.C．The city's management.D．The benefits of technology.2．What problem did Kris Carter's team meet when carrying out their program?A．They faced many technical obstacles.B．They couldn't serve all residents well.C．They were not supported by residents.D．They were annoyed by being short-staffed.3．Which of the following might Kris Carter most agree with?A．Maximizing the benefits of technology.B．Mixing approaches for solving problems.C．Giving full play to the power of residents.D．Letting tech companies be a leading role.4．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．A Smart City: More Than Just TechB．A City with Intelligent FacilitiesC．Joint-effort in City ConstructionD．The Modernization of a City【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了波士顿在利用高科技管理城的同时使用传统办法以实现城市有效管理，成就现代智慧城市。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题
高考阅读理解主旨大意题专项主旨大意题通常涉及概括中心大意、揭示主题、选择标题判断作者写作意图等形式。
1.The main idea of the passage is that __________.2.The passage is mainly about __________.3.The best title of the passage is __________.4.From the passage we can learn/ conclude that __________.5.The topic/ subject discussed in the passage is __________.6.Which is the best title of this passage?7.What’s the main idea of the passage?8.What’s the purpose of__________?实战演练A(全国I)Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4.6m above the river, an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak (喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.1. What is the text mainly about?A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.2. Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that_________ ．A. they look like young cuckoosB. they have claws on the wingsC. they eat a lot like a cowD. they live on river banks3. What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A. They had claws to help them climb.B. They could fly long distances.C. They had four wings like hoatzins.D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.4. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?A. To find more food.B. To protect themselves better.C. To keep themselves warm.D. To produce their young.B(全国卷I )Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners –while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best .Those testedwith their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned. Most quickly to baseline heart rates .With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes. Than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more released (放松)around Pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge.A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a Year studying 36 fat people and were put on a diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 fat people without pets were put on a diet program. On average，people lost about 11 pounds，Or 5% of their body weight .Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more then 15%of their body weight .Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but ,say Researchers，got more exercise overall –mostly with their dogs –and found it worth doing.1．What does the text mainly discuss?A. What pets bring to their ownersB. How pets help people calm downC. people’s opinions of keeping petsD. Pet’s value in medical research2．We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if____________A. he has a pet companionB. he has less stress of workC. he often dose mental arithmeticD. he is taken care of by his family3．According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?A. They have lower blood pressure.B. They become more patient.C. They are less nervous.D. They are in higher spirits.4．The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that __________.A. people with dogs did more exerciseB. dogs lost the same weight as people didC. dogs liked exercise much more than people didD. people without dogs found the program unhelpfulC(天津)To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibili ty for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an i deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine．Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,” the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. Get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?1. According to the passage, which of following seems the most human?A. To search for truth．B. To achieve one’s idealC. To make fun of others’ mistakes．D. To criticize others for one’s own error. 2．According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s mat urity?A. Doing things his own way.B. Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.C. Making as few mistakes as possible．D. Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.3．Which of the following is NOT based on common sense?A. A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.C. A company’s next move follows a good plan．D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments．4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.5. What would be the best title for his passage?A. A Mirror of Human NatureB. To Blame or to ForgiveC. A Mark of MaturityD. Truth or ExcuseD(重庆)Sitting on the peaceful coast of the Galapagos Islands. Ecuador , watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget the Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired(启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to theislands.The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin die hour 200 years ago ,each day is as impressive as it could be.The most well crown animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise ( 巨型陆龟),which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.Despite strict control over activities and timing, you stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea how that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch you feet as you swim and ,most magically , seeing a with and her baby surface with great breath of air.Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will fell as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world .At night you will sleep on board the ship , leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?A. He studied different creatures on the islands.B. He completed his famous book on the islands.C. He was touched by the geography of the islands.D. He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands.2. Which of the following plays a role in making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.B. Local government forbids killing wildlife.C. People cannot visit the islands as they wish.D. Tourists are not allowed to torch the animals.3．Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of .A. the beautiful sea viewsB. Darwin’s inspiring tripC．a closer view of animals D. various daring activities4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife LoversB. Galapagos as a Paradise for AdventurersC. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of GalapagosD. A Successful Example of Wildlife ProtectionE(重庆)Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The lord of the Rings, This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone to far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms, however, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters for television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends , we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad, But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something, We are missing a connection with the living world. Otherwonderful wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.1. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves ___ .A. the close connection between man and the fantasy worldB. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literatureC. the fine taste of moviegoers around the worldD. the general existence of the sense of curiosity2. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.B. The world around us could serve as a sound of wonder.C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.3. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe. We will______.A. fail to appreciate the joy in our livesB. be confused by the world of make-believeC. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy worldD. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world.B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy wonderC. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonderD. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe。
高考英语-阅读理解Ⅰ：主旨大意题(练)-专题练习(三)(含答案与解析)
高考英语-阅读理解Ⅰ：主旨大意题(练)-专题练习(三)(含答案与解析)Experts suggest that the design of your home could have an impact on your weight。
By making some changes to your home environment。
you can support your diet plan。
For example。
it is mended to open the curtains and turn up the lights as dark XXX。
This is because people tend to be less us when they are in poorly lit places。
leading to the n of more food。
If your home lackswindow light。
XXX up the space.nally。
the colors in your home can also affect your appetite。
Warm colors。
such as yellow and red。
may fuel your hunger。
while cold colors make you feel less hungry。
A study found that people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33% less than those in a yellow or red room。
Therefore。
when it's time to repaint your home。
consider using blue to make your food appear less appetizing.Overall。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意与细节信息综合题40题
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意与细节信息综合题40题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of friendship.B. The benefits of exercise.C. The changes in modern society.D. The beauty of nature.答案：C。
本题主要考查主旨大意的提取。
文章主要讲述了现代社会在各个方面的变化，而选项 A 友谊的重要性、B 锻炼的好处、D 自然的美丽都不是文章重点。
2. According to the passage, which of the following details is correct?A. People nowadays prefer to live in the countryside.B. The technology has made our life more convenient.C. There are fewer cars on the road than before.D. The environment is getting worse and worse.答案：B。
从文章中可以明确看出科技给我们的生活带来了便利，A 选项人们现在更喜欢住在农村文中未提及，C 选项路上车比以前少不符合实际，D 选项环境越来越差不是文章强调的细节。
3. The author mentioned the example of the new shopping mall to show _.A. the development of economyB. the popularity of online shoppingC. the change of people's shopping habitsD. the improvement of infrastructure答案：A。
高考英语听力理解主旨大意归纳练习题30题
高考英语听力理解主旨大意归纳练习题30题1. What is the main idea of the conversation?A. Talking about a movie.B. Discussing a book.C. Planning a trip.D. Having a party.答案：C。
解析：听力材料中两人主要在讨论去哪里旅行、什么时候去等关于旅行的内容。
选项A 提到的电影在听力材料中未提及；选项 B 讨论书也没有出现；选项 D 举办派对在听力材料中也没有相关内容。
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Buying a new car.B. Repairing a bike.C. Taking a bus.D. Walking to school.答案：B。
解析：听力材料围绕自行车坏了怎么修理展开。
选项A 买新车在听力材料中未出现；选项C 坐公交和选项D 步行去学校都与听力材料内容不符。
3. What's the main topic of the conversation?A. Cooking a meal.B. Ordering food.C. Doing homework.D. Playing games.答案：A。
解析：听力材料中两人在讨论做什么菜、需要哪些食材等关于做饭的内容。
选项B 点餐、选项C 做作业、选项D 玩游戏在听力材料中均未涉及。
4. What are the speakers mainly discussing?A. Watching a football game.B. Going to a concert.C. Visiting a museum.D. Doing exercise.答案：B。
解析：听力材料中两人在商量去看一场音乐会。
选项A 看足球比赛、选项C 参观博物馆、选项D 做运动在听力材料中都没有提到。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题单选题40题
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题单选题40题1. The passage mainly tells us about the origin and development of hip - hop music, including its roots in African - American and Latino cultures, how it spread around the world, and its influence on modern music and youth culture. Which of the following could be the best title?A. The Popularity of Hip - Hop MusicB. Hip - Hop Music: From the Streets to the WorldC. Hip - Hop Music and Youth FashionD. Famous Hip - Hop Musicians答案：B。
解析：文章主旨是讲述嘻哈音乐的起源和发展，从其在非裔美国人和拉丁裔文化中的根源，到在全球的传播以及对现代音乐和青年文化的影响。
B选项“从街头到世界的嘻哈音乐”涵盖了嘻哈音乐的起源以及全球传播这一发展历程，最能概括文章主旨。
A选项只强调了流行程度，没有涉及起源发展；C选项只提到了嘻哈音乐和青年时尚，过于片面；D选项著名的嘻哈音乐家并非文章重点。
2. An article focuses on the history of the Olympic Games, starting from its ancient Greek origin, the revival in modern times, and the changes and challenges it has faced over the years. What is the most suitable title?A. Olympic Games: The Most Famous Sports EventB. The Ancient and Modern Olympic GamesC. Olympic Games: Athletes' Big StageD. The Future of the Olympic Games答案：B。
高二英语练习题主旨要义题练习题40题(带答案)
高二英语阅读理解主旨要义题单选题40题(带答案)1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The author's childhood memories.B. A description of a beautiful place.C. An introduction to a new book.D. The importance of friendship.答案：B。
解析：文章主要对一个美丽的地方进行了描述，A 选项作者的童年回忆文中未提及，C 选项一本新书的介绍文章中没有，D 选项友谊的重要性与文章内容不符。
2. What is the passage mainly about?A. A famous person's life.B. A scientific discovery.C. A historical event.D. A travel experience.答案：D。
解析：文章主要讲述了一次旅行经历，A 选项著名人物的生活文章未涉及，B 选项科学发现文中没有，C 选项历史事件与文章内容不相关。
3. The main purpose of the passage is to...A. tell a story.B. give advice.C. describe a process.D. present an argument.答案：A。
解析：文章的主要目的是讲故事，B 选项给出建议文章中未体现，C 选项描述一个过程不符合文章内容，D 选项提出一个论点文章中没有。
4. What is the central theme of the passage?A. Love and loss.B. Adventure and courage.C. Hope and perseverance.D. Family and relationships.答案：B。
高二英语练习题主旨概括20题
高二英语阅读理解主旨概括20题1<背景文章>Environmental protection is of utmost importance in today's world. As human activities continue to have a significant impact on the planet, it is crucial that we take steps to protect and preserve our environment. The consequences of not doing so can be dire. Pollution, deforestation, and climate change are just some of the issues that threaten the delicate balance of our ecosystem.One of the main reasons why environmental protection is essential is that it directly affects our health. Polluted air, water, and soil can lead to various diseases and health problems. For example, air pollution can cause respiratory issues such as asthma and lung cancer. Water pollution can contaminate drinking water sources and lead to waterborne diseases. Deforestation not only reduces the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere but also disrupts the habitats of countless species.Another important aspect of environmental protection is the preservation of biodiversity. The Earth is home to a vast array of plant and animal species, many of which are still unknown to us. By protecting their habitats, we can ensure the survival of these species and maintain the balance of nature. Biodiversity is also crucial for the stability of ecosystemsand the provision of ecosystem services such as pollination, water purification, and soil formation.There are several measures that we can take to protect the environment. Firstly, we can reduce our consumption of resources such as energy and water. This can be done by using energy-efficient appliances, turning off lights when not in use, and taking shorter showers. Secondly, we can recycle and reuse materials such as paper, plastic, and glass. This reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills and conserves natural resources. Thirdly, we can support sustainable development by choosing products that are environmentally friendly and made from renewable materials. Finally, we can raise awareness about environmental issues and encourage others to take action.In conclusion, environmental protection is not only important for the survival of our planet but also for our own well-being. We must all take responsibility for protecting the environment and take steps to reduce our impact on it. Only by working together can we ensure a sustainable future for ourselves and generations to come.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The consequences of pollution.C. The measures to protect the environment.D. The importance of biodiversity.答案：A。
高三英语阅读理解主旨大意细节推理与书面表达综合提升单选题60题
高三英语阅读理解主旨大意细节推理与书面表达综合提升单选题60题1. Read the following passage (a narrative) and answer the question:The young girl walked into the old bookstore. It was filled with the smell of old paper and leather. She had been searching for a particular book for months. The owner, an old man with a kind face, greeted her. As she described the book, his eyes lit up. He led her to a corner shelf and there it was. The girl's face beamed with joy.What is the main idea of this passage?A. The importance of old bookstoresB. A girl's search for a book and her successC. The kind old man in the bookstoreD. The beauty of old booksAnswer: B。
解析：文章主要讲述了一个女孩寻找一本书，最后在旧书店老板的帮助下找到书的过程。
A选项“旧书店的重要性”，文章未重点提及旧书店的重要性，只是故事发生的地点；C选项“书店里善良的老人”，老人只是故事中的一个角色，并非主旨；D选项“旧书的美”，文章没有对旧书的美进行描述，主旨是围绕女孩找书展开的。
2. Read the following passage (an expository passage) and answer the question:Solar energy is becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, it is a renewable resource. Second, it is clean anddoes not produce pollutants. Third, with the development of technology, the cost of using solar energy is decreasing. However, there are still some challenges, such as the high initial installation cost and the need for large areas to install solar panels.What is the main idea of this passage?A. The popularity of solar energyB. The advantages and challenges of solar energyC. The reasons for the development of solar energyD. The future of solar energyAnswer: B。
高中英语主旨大意题型同步练习加课后专项练习及答案
课上同步练习1.. On 26 January, Australia Day , in over 200 locations across the nation, more than 9,000 people will become Australian citizens.―By these citizenship ceremonies we welcome those who have come from overseas from many different cultural and socia l backgrounds into our communities and our nation,‖ said the Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Affairs. ― Australia Day celebrations that include people fr om so many birthplaces are an excellent way to encourage tolerance, respect and friendship a mong all the people of Australia.‖Most citizenship ceremonies will be followed by displays of singing and dancing from many of the migrants‘ homelands and the tasting of food from all over the world.On Australia Day,________.A. people sing and dance togetherB. people enjoy Australia foodC. some people from overseas were accepted as the citizens in AustraliaD. people can travel all over Australia2. Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a ―smoker‘s cough‖. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?What is the main idea ?A. cigarette smoking can cause cancerB. smoking can cause the most seriousand terrible disease(illness)C. smoking also can cause other health problemsD. smoking is harmful.3. Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ).The Sa lt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. ―Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,‖ said Lisa Myron, manager of the children‘s department.Last November the two groups started ― Dog Day Afternoon‖ in the children‘s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a ―pawgraphed‖ book at the last class. The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.What is mainly discussed in the text?A.Ch ildren‘s reading difficulties.B.Advantages of raising dogs.C.Service in a public library.D.A special reading program.4. If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: ―Color TV. Only ＄79. Two days sale. Hurry.‖ However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is ―just right for you‖ It costs ＄395. This sales method is called ―bait and switch‖. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale.The paragraph could be entitled _________.A. Buying A TV SetB. A Selling MethodC. Buyer BewareD. TV On Sale5.Mrs Turner‘s telephone number was 3463;the number of the cinema in her town was 3464, people often made a mistake and telephoned her when they actually wanted the cinema.One evening the telephone bell rang and Mrs Turner answered it . A tired man‘s voice came over the telephone: ‖At what time does your last film begin?‖ ‖I‘m sorry‖, said Mrs Turner, ―but you have the wrong number. This is not the cinema.‖―Oh, It began twenty minutes ago, ‖said the man.‖ I‘m sorry about that. Well, goodbye.‖Mrs Turner was very surprised, so she told her husband. He laughed and said,‖ No, that wasn‘t a mistake. The man‘s wife wanted to go to the cinema, but he was feeling tired, so he telephoned the cinema. His wife heard him, but she didn‘t hear you. Now they will stay at home this evening, and the husband will be happy!‖Why was Mrs Turner surprised? Because the tired man _______.A. wanted the cinema but called a wrong number.B. Asked her a silly question which she refused to answerC. Said something that had nothing to do with her answer.D. Was angry with himself for having made a mistake.6. Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.7. A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway system. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction.In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining. Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies on the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system, just below the road surface on one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the event of fire, the fire main, which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones.The passage is mainly about _____.A. the construction of a roadB. the design of a roadC. the construction of two tunnelsD.the design of two tunnels专项练习1). Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious, In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary(暂时的) . This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example a family problem, the death of a loves one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic(长期的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person‘s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that _________.A. one problem of loneliness is a person‘s social contactsB. we depend on various people for different reasonsC. lonely people don‘t have many social problemsD. lonely people don‘t have many friendsWhat is the best title for the passage?A. Three Kinds of LonelinessB.Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social ContactsD. Chronic Loneliness.2)．Excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute (垃圾道)? You won‘t be for long. Miami‘s Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and cycle, too.In Shantzis‘ Hi-Rise Recycling system, a chute leads to a pip-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated. The system, which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use, enables ,glass, plastics, paper, metal, and other rubbish to go into separate boxes.The system is controlled from a board foxed next to the chute door. The board has a button for each class of recycling materials (). At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors‘ chute doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables.Sorting(分类) recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment which otherwise has to do the sorting. Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive, so expensive that tones of recyclables remain wasted. Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective. (NMET 2000 年E)The purpose in writing this text is _________.A to encourage people to recycle their rubbish. B. to introduce a recycling system for high risesC to describe the use of computer technology in recyclingD to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rise3).Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastics, and these are difficult to get rid of.However, today, more and more consumers are choosing ―green‖ and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. Before they buy a product, they ask questions like these, ―Will this shampoo damage the environment?‖ ―Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?‖A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it, this means that companies must now changed the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are ―green‖, that is, friendly to the environment.Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No longer will the pubic accept the old attitude of ―buy it, use it , throw it away, and forget it.‖ The public pressure is on , and gradually business is cleaning up its act.What would be the best title for the text?A. Business and PeopleB. Business Goes GreenC. Shopping Habits Are ChangingD. Supermarkets and Green Products4). BEING –set of by the April 1 Sino-us plane collision(相撞) and US official agreement of the biggest arms sale to Taiwan in decade (ten years) as well as remarks by US president Bush on Defending Taiwan, there have been increasing hacker attacks on websites of the two countries in the past weeks.An American group of hackers （黑客) which calls itself Poison Box had begun ruining Chinese websites after the April1 spy plane incident, top Chinese portal said.The Chinese soon attacked back.On April 2, Chinese hackers invaded two Government websites over the weekend, forcing the Department of labor and the Department of the Health and Human Services to shut down their sites for a short time.The US Department of labor went off line for a few hours after a page in its website was changed to display a picture of Wang Wei, the Chinese pilot who died in the collision.The page was titled ―China back!‖ and read, in English, ―the whole country is so sorry for losing the best son of China ---Wang Wei forever. We w ill miss the end of the day.‖On May1, hackers exchanged bad remarks (脏话) in which the official White House website was defaced (毁容) by a huge amount of e-mail garbage. On May5, the White House website fell victim (受害者) to a denial (拒绝) of serviced attack that blocked access (通道) to the site for more than two hours.The Computer Network and Information Security Management Office told web operators an average of 100 sites a day had seen ―some more form of attack.‖The best title of the passage is _____.A. Sino-US plane collision.B. Sino-US Hackers Fighting Cyber () warC. Cyber war continuingD. Wang wei, our best son5) There were two interesting news items () in the paper a few years ago . One was about a man who received a bill from the telephone company for £999,999—for three month! The other was about a man who received £2,000 a month ---for doing nothing.The connection between the two news items is simple: computer –the best invention of the 20th century. The telephone bill came from a computer which made a terrifying mistake , that was only £23.36. The other item was not so amusing . A man walked into the unguarded () computer room of a large packaged food company (袋装食品生产公司) and expectly programmed the computer (给计算机编程序) to pay him £2,000 a month for raw meat which he ―supplied‖ to the company. Of course he never sent the meat, but he certainly received the money. The computer wrote out a bill, and even ―signed ‖it . It was only a random (随便的) check that uncovered the trick. It could be happening in thousands of other companied all over the world.Computers are not the magical workers that some people say they are. They make mistakes, they‘re sometimes slower than human beings and they‘re easily fooled. The US used to conscript (征兵) people with the help of a computer.The army sent out a card, which had to be filled in and sent back. It was easy to avoid being called up simply by spreading candle-waxon on the card. The computer couldn‘t read the card and did nothing with it.It‘s in our everyday life that computers cause many problems. Let‘s get back to using people instead of computers, before a mistake that we can‘t put right.The writer‘s main idea is __________.A we‘d better use people instead of computers in our everyday life.B. We should not use computers because they always make mistakesC. computers are widely used in our everyday lifeD. if we want to work well, don‘t use the computers.6) Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉) can cut highway crashes(撞毁)Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent strips, called cheverons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan‘s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint cheverons and other patterns of strips on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive speed plays a major role in as much a one fifth of all fatal(致命) traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will carry its tests in areas where speed-related hazards(危险) are the greatest –curves(弯), exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars(水平障碍物)painted across roads can initially(最初) cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Cheverons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are, but also make a lane(车道) appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.The passage mainly discusses ________.A a new way of highway speed controlB a new pattern for painting highwaysC a new way to training driversD a new type of optical illusion7）Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. She was kind. People always seemed to feel comfortable in her presence. For years, she was a volunteer in our community. I loved going to the local nursing home with her where she taught a ceramic class.On one summer day, Mama told me to get changed and meet her at the car.I had planned to spend the day at the lake with friends. Why did she have to ruin everything? I imagined the cool lake water. Irritated, I climbed into the car and slammed the door shut. We sat in silence. I was too upset to make conversation.―Tasha, would you like to know where we are going?‖ Mama asked calmly.―No,‖ I said.―We are going to volunteer at a children‘s shelter today. I have been there before and I think it would benefit you,‖ she explained.When we reached the shelter, Mama rang the doorbell. Moments later, we were greeted by a woman. She led us to the front room where all of the children were playing. I noticed a baby whose body was scarred with iron marks. I was told it was because she wouldn‘t stop crying. The majority of the children had noticeable physical scars. Others hid their emotional wounds.As I took in my surroundings, I felt a gentle tug on my shirt. I looked down to see a little girl looking up at me. ―Hi. You want to play dolls with me?‖ she asked. I looked over at Mama for reinforcement. She smiled and nodded.I turned back and said, ―Sure.‖ Her tiny hand reached up and held mine, as if to comfort me.My mom taught me a valuable lesson that summer. I returned to the shelter with her several times. During those visits, some of the children shared their troubled pasts with me and I learned to be grateful for what I had. Today as I strive to instill (逐渐灌输) these values in my own child, I reflect back to that experience. It was a time that I will never forget.. What lesson did the author learn from her experience?A. To value what you take for granted.B. To play with children is fun.C. To love others is to love yourself.D. To do as what your parents do.8) As the first woman Chancellor(总理) in German‘s history, Angela Merkel topped Forbes ma gazine‘s list of ―The World‘s 100 Most Powerful Women‖ in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009.She has even been compared to Margaret Thatcher and many people called her ―Iron Lady‖．Merkel was born in Hamburg, West Germany, on July 17, 1954.Six weeks after she was born, her family moved to Templin. As a small child, Merkel quickly learned to speak but took longer to walk. ―I was a stupid person when it came to moving？‖ Merkel said. ―A normal person could do something naturally, but I had to think about it in my min d and practice.‖ As a teenager, she was the top student and graduated from high school with perfect marks. In 1973, Merkel went to the University of Leipzig, where she studied physics. At 32, she got her doctor‘s degree in physics.She stepped_into_politics in 1989.In her first big political job as Minister for the Environment in 1994, her scientific background and strong will proved very useful. In 2005 she became Germany‘s Chancellor. She has been reelected to a second term as German Chancellor on September 27, 2009.Through her political career, Merkel‘s persistence (坚持) and patience helped her a lot. ―She‘s bright and openminded,‖ said Hubert Markl. ―She is the person who wants to know exactly what is going on, and how never giving up will influe nce our society and future.‖In the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express ________.A．one must be brave in the political career B．one should be patient when making decisionsC．persistence can help one‘s dream come true D．one can have a strong will when others haven‘t9). More than 200 scientists have completed a two-year study to identify the most natural and undeveloped areas on Earth. Their findings are reported in a new book called Wilderness：Earth‘s Last Wild Places. The book describes 37 wilderness areas around the world. Each has an area greater than 10,000 square kilometers. The study considered only areas where at least 70% of all plants are native.North and South America are home to the largest number of wilderness areas. There are 16 such areas, fromsouthern Argentina to Alaska and northern Canada. Africa has 8 wilderness areas, including the thick forests and the grasslands. Australia and New Guinea (几内亚) share 6 areas. Europe has 3 areas and Asia has 2.The Arabian Desert and Antarctica also are considered wilderness areas.The largest wilderness area is the Boreal Forest (北方森林)．It extends for 16-million square kilometers south of the Arctic Circle. The Boreal Forest extends across Alaska, Canada, northern Europe and Russia. The smallest of the 37 wilderness areas is the Sundarbans. It is the world‘s largest tidal mangrove forest (红树林)．It covers 10,000 square kilometers of land at the mouth of the Ganges River in India and Bangladesh (孟加拉国)．The study found that wilderness area s cover about 46% of the Earth‘s land surface. However, they are home to less than 2.5% of the world‘s population. Nineteen of the wilderness areas have only about one person for each square kilometer. Native people usually live in these areas.Wilderness areas help to influence the world‘s weather systems and rainfall. They are also home to many plants and animals. Population growth and the spread of agriculture and mining operations threaten wilderness areas. But just 7% of all such areas have some form of official protection.The purpose of writing this text is to tell us ________of the wilderness areas around the world.A．the importance B．the situation C．the development D．the environment直击高考(2013 广东)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achiebving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein ,in his book If I Make It to Five,tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom,a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.Tom loved to pretend,and he particularly loved to play superheroes ,Dr Epstein expained that it was actually a brilliant way for his yound mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.The day before his thire trip to the operating room,Tom was terrbly afraid.‖Maybe I could go as Superman ,‖he whispered to his mom.Hearing this, the moter hesitated for a while.She had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装)，不痛finally she agreed.The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman,showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.And Tom,with the strength of his fantasy,successfully made it through the operation.The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only.we all hace the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible,to go through those things that seem impossible,and to achieve what we never believed we could,Just as Dr.Epstein puts it ,‖If you can dream it,you can do it‖It doesn‗t mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview.But,next time you are texted in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it woule take to overcome it .Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your maind first.So,let your imagination run wild,and dare to dream.30.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To tell us an interesting story.B.To help us make right decisions.C.To advise us to care about children.D.To encourage us to use our imagination.Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family,and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.I‘m not going to say luck,talent,and circumstances don‘t c ome into play because they do .some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence,and that‘sjust the reality of how life is .However,to succeed in life,one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.And,in addition to that,in order to ger really good at something,one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing.To become great at certain things,it‘ll require even more time,time that most people won‘t put in.This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don‘t enjoy what you do ,it is going fo feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good ai it.When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success,you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost.It‘s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent,but thinking that way does you no good,and there‘s a huge chance that you‘re wrong anyway. Whatever you do,if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out,almost to the point of addiction,and over a long period of time.If you‘re not willing to put in the time and work,don‘t expect to r eceive any rewards.Consistent, hard work won‘t guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.31. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about ________.A.the reasons for successB.the meaning of successC.the standards of successD.the importance of success35.What is the main theme of the passage?A.Having a goal is vital to success.B.Being good is different from being great.C.One cannot succeed without time and practice.D.Luck,talent and family help to achieve success.While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer‘s Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved form the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked—remotely— to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down?In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid –that students haven‘t just searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses." Private colleges，public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field . spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs t hat check students‘ identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used.Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones ,As in many university classes ,term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.45.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A.The Advantages of Online ExamsB.The High-tech Methods in Online CoursesC.The Fight against Cheating in Online EducationD.The War against the Booming of Online Education。
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2021届高考英语主旨大意题专项练习1I arrived at this beautiful Spanish island at the start of September, full of enthusiasm and eager to start working as an English teacher. I sorted all the necessary paperwork out and moved into a flat of my own within the first couple of days.Great, or so I thought. At 4 am and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awoken by the cock that lives opposite me.Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning.In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend.Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day，like the hot water line, bowls, cups, the shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.As for the general lack of equipment in the house, there was no oven, tin opener, sharp knives or potato peeler. It turned out making a burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I was not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out. I spent the following 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I've also realized that even if a flat looks pretty, it doesn't mean its contents work. I am also learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils (用具)．1．What problem did the author have in the morning？A．She often slept late.B．Her alarm failed to work.C．She got some noisy neighbors.D．Her sleep was disturbed by a rooster.2．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 2？A．She was a very careful woman.B．She was quite satisfied with her flat.C．Her flat was pretty old but comfortable.D．Her household articles were in poor condition.3．What happened when the author was making a burger？A．She was seriously injured.B．She made a terrible mistake.C．She broke her phone accidentally.D．She suffered a sudden power failure.4．What is the text mainly about？A．Remaining optimistic.B．How to choose a nice flat.C．Learning to live in a new flat.D．Why living abroad is not easy.2While visiting the North Pole in winter may not be at the top of your bucket_list，the ever －changing ICEHOTEL, which opened its doors to visitors on December 14 this year, may change your mind. 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in the Swedish village of Jukkasjärvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice，is rebuilt annually.The 35 rooms, built to accommodate visitors on all kinds of budgets, vary from expensive suites to basic rooms that are furnished with just an icy bed and a reindeer skin. Among the highlights this year is the “Spruce Woods” suite. Sculpted by Christopher Pascoe and Jennie O'Keefe of Canada, it describes camping scene complete with a classic microbus, a forest, and even an artificial campfire.There is also the artfully－carved “Living Ocean” suite to remind visitors of the importance of saving our oceans. The room is full of carved sea life that includes coral and a shark “swimming” right over the ice bed. “The suite is inspired by global warming and the overfishing that affects our oceans，”says artist Jonathan Paul Green. “I also think the idea of using frozen water from a river in northern Sweden to create an ocean with shells, fish, and coral is exciting.”The nearby “Haven” suite is a “magical gate of ice” guarded by two large animals. “We are inspired by the meeting between people and want to create an experience that stimulates curiosity and creativity，” says artist Jonas Johansson. “It feels like a dream to get to work with ice that allows our love for light，shine, and reflection to wander freely from thought to creation.”Regardless of whether visitors select the carved suites or the basic ice rooms, the temperature is always set to a bone－chilling －5 ℃！That is why guests are advised to snuggle (蜷伏) up inside sleeping bags and wear gloves and winter hats all night.Not surprisingly, most end up spending just a single night at this unique hotel before moving on to the conventional and warmer hotels nearby.5．What does the underlined phrase “bucket list” mean in the text？A．A shopping list of buckets.B．A list of travelling destinations.C．A list of expensive hotels.D．A list of exciting ideas.6．What can we know about the icehotel？A．It is rebuilt every year.B．Its rooms are expensive.C．It organizes camping activities.D．It lies in a coastal city.7．Where does the inspiration of“Living Ocean” suite come from？A．Art and literature.B．Ocean life and voyages.C．Climate change and human influence.D．The meeting of people.8．Which of the following is the best title for the text？A．An Adventure to the North PoleB．An Experience Close to NatureC．A taste of Cold：A Night in a VillageD．A Winter Destination：Sweden's Icehotel3We can have video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of a mountain. But communicating with a submarine (潜艇) or a diver is not so easy. The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater airborne (空气传播的) devices has long been a frustration for scientists. The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water. Sonar signals used by underwater sensors reflect off the surface of water rather than reaching the air.Now, researchers at MIT have developed a method with the potential to revolutionize underwater communication. “What we've shown is that it's actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air，”says Fadel Adib, a professor at MIT's Media Lab, who led the research.The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface, making vibrations(震动) corresponding to the 1s and 0s of the data. A surface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations.The researchers call the system TARF. It has any number of potential real－world uses, Adib says. It could be used to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a plane's black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface.Right now the technology is low－resolution. The initial study was conducted in the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around 11 or 12 feet. The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditions—high waves, storms, schools of fish. They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the otherdirection—air to water. If the technology proves successful in real－world conditions, expect “texting while diving” to be the latest underwater fashion.9．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1？A．The future of video chat underwater and in air.B．The frustrations of developing underwater devices.C．The difficulty of communication from water to air.D．The current situation of communicating with a submarine.10．What does the underlined word“feasible” mean？.A．Achievable. B．Convenient.C．Changeable. D．Alternative.11．What do we know about TARF？A．It is widely used to find downed planes.B．It can work well at great depths underwater.C．It is an underwater machine that sends signals.D．It can send，receive and read signals from underwater.12．What is the best title for the text？A．The Real－world Uses of Sonar TechnologyB．Full Water－to－air Communication Closer to RealityC．A Breakthrough in the Application of Video ChatD．TARF Becoming a New Means of Communication4Robots are now being employed not just for dangerous tasks，such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters.They are also finding applications as household help and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the question of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent.A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Developmental Psychology at Ludwig－Maximilians－Universität (LMU), have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show concern for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles.According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question：“Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？”The participants were faced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dilemma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized to variousdegrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine.The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized，the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings，experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (无名的) humans.“This result indicates that our study group attached a certain moral status to the robot，”says Paulus.“One possible suggestion of this finding is that attempts to humanize robots should not go too far.Such efforts could come into conflict with their intended function—to be of help to us.”13．What has become a concern about robots？A．How to humanize them.B．How to treat them in life.C．How to use them effectively.D．How to find more applications.14．In the study the participants probably have to decide ___.A．when to sacrifice a robotB．where to experience risksC．which robot to work withD．what robots should be like15．What can be inferred from Paulus' words？A．Humanized robots offer less help to people.B．Humanizing robots too much may be improper.C．Certain moral status should be attached to robots.D．Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.16．Which of the following would be the best title for the text？A．Robots，a Must for FutureB．Humanized Robots，a New TrendC．Robots Saved，People Take the HitD．Humanized Robots Replace Human5Can I talk about salary at work? In a word：yes. As the HR company Insperity put it in a recent blog post: Can your employees discuss their salaries or wages with their co－workers？Yes. Even if you have a company policy against it? Yes.The freedom to discuss your salary at work is a protected right under the labor law. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 protects your right to discuss the conditions of youremployment, including issues related to safety and pay, even when you're not protected by a union.Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable，since there's such a taboo about discussing money matters, but it's an important step towards achieving equal pay for equal work.One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth. Too many people I talk to wrongly consider their salary a reflection of their worthiness, a statement about their skills, experience, or value. At the end of the day, if we can all separate our self－worth from our salaries a bit more, it'll become easier to talk frankly with our colleagues.Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny. For instance, you might volunteer your salary first and ask “Does that sound right to you？”by way of comparison. Or，let's say you're interviewing for a promotion to become a manager. You might ask a fellow manager about the kind of salary you should expect by saying, “I'm seeing salaries for this kind of position ranging from $ 65,000 to $ 70,000—does that seem accurate to you？”This way, even if your colleague isn't comfortable sharing their salary outright, they can help you identify if your expectations are appropriate. 17．What makes co－workers uncomfortable to talk about salaries？A．The safety issue.B．The labor law.C．The wrong idea about salaries.D．The reflection of their worthiness.18．What does “taboo” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to？A．A prohibited practice.B．A firm belief.C．A general agreement. D．A social custom.19．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4？A．One of my interview experiences.B．My way of asking about money.C．The method of raising questions.D．An example of getting promoted.20．What can be the best title for the text？A．How to Discuss Salaries at WorkB．Ways of Talking about SalariesC．Do Salaries Stand for Self－worth?D．Can Salaries be Talked about at Work?参考答案：DDBC/BACD/CADB/BABC/CABD。