高中英语Module5NewspapersandMagazinesSectionⅡGrammar课件外研版必修2
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4.before 和 since (1)before 的用法 ①before 表示“还未……就; 不到……就; ……才, 还没来得及”。 例如: We hadn't run a while before Tom felt tired. 我们还没跑一会,汤姆就累了。 Please note down before you forget. 趁着没忘记,请记下来。 ②It will be+一段时间+before ...多久之后才……。例如: It will be one month before I complete it. 我一个月之后才能完成。 It won't be long before we graduate. 不久我们就毕业了。
Section Ⅱ
Grammar
时间状语从句和原因状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1.when, while 和 as (1)when 在引导时间状语从句中的用法 ①when 既可引导延续性动作,也可引导瞬时性动作,可用于主句 和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。例如: When I lived in the countryside, I used to go fishing with my fellows.(延续性动作) 我住在乡下时,常和伙伴们去钓鱼。 When the lecture finished, the audience warmly clapped Yi Zhongtian.(瞬时性动作) 演讲结束时,听众向易中天热烈鼓掌。
(3)as 的用法 as 可引导延续性动作,表示从句和主句两个动作交替进行或同时 发生,可译为“一边……,(一边)……”或“随着……”。例如: She hurried to work, looking behind at her son as she went out. 她匆忙去上班,边出门边回头看儿子。 As time went on, he missed his parents more and more. 随着时间的推移,他越来越思念父母亲。
3.every time, each time, next time, the first time 等名词短语用来 引导时间状语从句,表示“每次……,下次……”。例如: Each time I met with difficulty, my teacher would help me. 每次我遇到困难,老师都会帮助我。 The first time I climbed Mount Tai, I was impressed with her beauty. 第一次爬泰的从句是系表结构,且主语和主句的主 语一致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用以 as 引导的省略句来代替 when 引导的从句。例如: As a young man (=When he was a young man), he was fond of reading. 他年轻时,喜欢读书。 (2)while 的用法 ①while 引导的动作必须是延续性的, 侧重主句动作和从句动作的 相比性。例如: Don't talk with others while your mouth is full. 吃东西时别对着别人说话。
(2)since 的用法 ①since 从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,主句的谓语动词是 延续性的或者是反复发生的动作。since 从句的时态如果是一般过去 时,相应地,主句的时态是现在完成时或是现在完成进行时。例如: I have never heard of him since he left home. 自他离家出走,我至今没听到他的消息。 They have been working for the factory since they came here. 他们自来到这里,就一直为这个工厂干活。
②when 可以用作并列连词, 其意义为“那时, 这时”, 相当于 and at this/that time。例如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时一个人闯了进来。 ③when 还表示原因,相当于 since(既然,考虑到)。例如: It was foolish of you to do it when you have realised its impossibility. 既然你已意识到不可能做这件事,却去做了,真够愚蠢的。
②在“It is+一段时间+since 从句”句型中,时间的计算一律从 since 从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。例如: It is three years since I moved to London. 我搬到伦敦三年了。 It is ten years since I've seen her. 我已经十年没见她了。
②while 作为并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。例如: I like staying at home on weekends, while my wife enjoys going shopping. 周末我喜欢待在家里,而妻子喜欢去购物。 ③while 作从属连词,意为“尽管”,有时还等于 although。例如: While (Although) I am willing to help, I do not have enough time. 尽管我乐意帮忙,但没有足够的时间。
2.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, no sooner ... than ..., hardly ... when ...。 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作 随即就发生,常译为“一……就……”。例如: The moment I heard the voice, I knew mother was coming. 一听到声音,我就知道母亲来了。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the bus left. 我们刚到车站,公共汽车就开走了。