湖南省2024届高三下学期3月联考英语试卷(含答案)

湖南省2024届高三下学期3月联考英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Last year, brilliant’ botanists from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, discovered, identified and named 114 spectacular new species of plants and fungi (真菌) from around the world. Let’s find out more about some of Kew’s most wonderful new finds.
ROYAL MUSHROOM
NAME: Queen’s hedgehog fungus
FROM: Surrey, England
Named after the late Queen Elizabeth II, this rare fungus was found in an ancient forest in White Down, Surrey. According to the scientists who discovered it, the soft, white needles under the fungus’15cm-wide cap look like hedgehogs’ needles — giving it the second part of its name. Cool!
WORLD’S STRANGEST DAFFODIL
NAME: Sternbergia mishustinii
FROM: Turkey
The flowers of this rare species are bright yellow, but they’re only 2cm long and don't open up into a visible flower. Just 300 of these plants have been discovered, secret to hide them from illegal plant collectors.
RECORD-BREAKING WATERLILY
NAME: Giant Bolivian waterlily
FROM: Bolivia. South America
Check out this huge waterlily — its 3m wide leaves are big enough for a kid to float on! The big species has just won three Guinness World Records for largest waterlily, largest waterlily leaf and largest undivided leaf. And get this — although the giant plant was only named last year, a dried sample has been kept in Kew’s own Herbarium since 1845! Botanists had thought it was a similar, related species. Thankfully, the case of mistaken identity is all cleared up now. Unbe-leaf-able!
1．What’s Queen’s hedgehog fungus like?
A. It has yellow flowers.
B. It’s native to England.
C. It looks like hedgehogs.
D. It’s critically endangered.
2．What Guinness record does Giant Bolivian waterlily hold?
A. The oldest fungi.
B. The biggest leaves.
C. The fastest growing plant.
D. The largest waterlily species
3．Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?
A. A botanical magazine.
B. A geographic textbook.
C. A historical document.
D. Guinness World Records.
Growing up in a Jamaican American household, food was an important part of my childhood. I remember my grandmother preparing fried dumplings and curry mutton, jazz music playing in the background. Food was our greatest treasure. Food brought the family tog ether. Food celebrated new beginnings and eased the wounds of life’s untimely endings.
When I was 8, I was diagnosed with a muscle disease, which caused me to spend most of my childhood in hospital. rooms and wheelchairs, slowly gaining weight by swallowing prednisone (肾上腺皮质激素) hidden inside mint chocolate chip ice cream. My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting. I’ve tried every single one. In fairness, my mother did the best she could. As a single mom, she felt this brought us closer. However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food. My “I’ll start a new diet on Monday” mind-set lasted for 16 years as I uncontrollably ate and abused my body. I was worried that I was not attractive enough. So obsessed and afraid no one would hire me as an actress if I didn’t win the battle with the numbers on the scale, in February 2011 I was send to hospital.
We do extreme things to our bodies because of those numbers, numbers that cannot talk with us or love us. I have had to stop judging my belly, stop starving myself, stop getting on the scale and staring at those numbers. I have come to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers on the scale and that the quality of the life I live is more important than how I look in the mirror.
4．What role did food play in author’s childhood?
A. It strengthened the family bends.
B. It was a source of family income.
C. It’s the only treasure the family had.
D. It’s the way to celebrate Jamaican tradition.
5．What might be the initial reason of the author’s strict dieting?
A. The beauty trend.
B. Her muscle disease treatment.
C. Her mother’s expectation.
D. Anxiety about her career.
6．How did the author feel about her dieting?
A. It was fruitful.
B. It way useless.
C. It made her frightened of food.
D. It brought her and Mom closer.
7．What attitude does the author have to the numbers on the scale now?
A. Uncaring.
B. Deeply skeptical.
C. Dismissive.
D. Particularly concerned.
We normally think of bacteria as our ene mies. But they aren’t all bad. Our bodies are full of them and it turns out we can’t live without them. From the moment we’re born, we acquire,
are interdependent players in our body. In fact, there are roughly as many microbial cells in our bodies as human cells. This microbial world is called our microbiome (微生物组).
While some microbes can make us ill, we need our microbiome to survive. Combined, they are every bit as essential as our heart, our lungs, or our brain. Most of the microbiome is found in our gut (肠道). They are essential for digestion and help regulate hormones and boost our immune system.
A healthy collection of microbes seems to be vital for our well-being, protecting against some of the biggest health threats. On the other hand, having an unhealthy microbiome may be a contributing factor for many common diseases. Our modern lifestyles, western diets and overuse of antibiotics might all be having a harmful effect on our internal ecology.
So how do you develop a healthy microbiome in the gut? Well, it seems that the more diverse your microbial population is, the better. And the best way to increase your diversity is to eat a wide range of plant-based foods. Research shows that people who have at least 30 plant-based elements in their diet every week have a wider range of bacteria in their gut, and that’s linked to better weight management, better heart heath and better mental health. One easy way to boost your numbers is to add a teaspoon of mixed seeds to your breakfast.
The influence of your gut microbes goes a lot further than you might think. In the last 20 years, we’ve learned that they communicate constantly with the brain, perhaps even having control over your mood and emotions.
8．Which can best replace the underlined word symbiotic in the first paragraph?
A. Coexisting.
B. Beneficial.
C. Special.
D. Complicated.
9．Which statement might the author agree with?
A. Plant-based diets make people healthier.
B. Microbiome is more important than our brain.
C. There's some link between the diversity of bacteria and health.
D. The overuse of antibiotics leads to distinct increase in microbiome.
10．What might be discussed after the last paragraph?
A. Examples of gut microbes.
B. Gut microbes and mental welling-being.
C. Interactions of microbes in our body.
D. Ways to identify beneficial gut microbes.
11．What's the best title for the passage?
A. Gut microbes: Fighters in the body
B. The microbiome: A cure of all diseases
C. Gut microbes: Protectors of mental health
D. The microbiome: A contributor to our health
A study expands positive evidence for a new screening tool that directly engages preschool children during clinic visits to assess their early literacy skills. The tool, called The Reading House (TRH), is the first of its kind. It has the potential to identify reading difficulties as early as possible, according to researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.
TRH is an assessment developed by John Hutton and his team for kids aged from 3 to 5. Screening takes just about five minutes and assesses performance levels for kids aged from 3 to 5. It addresses a significant gap in ways to screen early literacy skills efficiently and directly. The tool, which is fun for kids, could be used in places like primary care or preschool settings. The screening measures core skills typically appearing in the preschool age range, including vocabulary, rhyming, alphabet knowledge and print concepts. All are skills predictive of reading success and often associated with reading difficulties.
The study involved 70 healthy children – 34 boys and 36 girls---between 3 and 5 years old from various socioeconomic background. The children completed standardized tests of important literacy skills: vocabulary, rhyming arid rapid automatized naming. Fifty-two of these children also successfully completed MRI (磁共振成像), including the measurement of the gray matter surface of their brains. The thicker cortex (皮质), particularly in left-sided areas supporting language and reading, has been associated with higher skills that are predictive of reading outcomes.
Many children arrive at kindergarten unprepared to learn to read, especially those from minority and economically poor backgrounds---estimated at over 50% of children from disadvantaged backgrounds in the U. S. and over 25% overall. “By screening early during
clinic visits, we can target effective interventions that help these children better prepare for kindergarten and improve reading outcomes –literally, snaping thein brains to read. ” said Hutton.
12．What might be the purpose of creating TRH?
A. To identify the best reading apps for kids.
B. To develop preschool kids' literacy skills.
C. To discover kids' reading problems early.
D. To study key factors in kids’ development.
13．What can we know about the new screening tool?
A. It lacks reliability.
B. It has operational advantages.
C. It covers a wider target group.
D. It’s modelled after conventional tools. 14．Which participants may be more capable of reading?
A. Older children from minority groups.
B. Younger children from economically advanced areas.
C. Children with complex cortical patterns in their brains.
D. Children with the thicker cortex in the left-sided areas of their brains.
15．What attitude does Hutton have to TRH?
A. Doubtful.
B. Favorable.
C. Uncertain.
D. Conservative.
二、七选五
16．It’s obvious that our society favors the outgoing personality, so being introverted (内向的) has always been seen as something that needs to be “fixed”. However, there is no fault in being introverted. ① _________
Introverts have hidden powers. ② _________ . While others are busy chatting, introverts observe things most-people are unaware of. Sometimes we can even read people. While it may seem introverts are always zoned out, we’re actually analyzing and thinking of creative ideas to one day share with you.
Introverts also keep the world balanced. In a world that can’t stop talking, the ability to listen to what each other has to say is an important virtue that will assist us in building peaceful relationships of understanding. ③ _________ . By listening to whatever people pour out, introverts help maintain the order of the world.
Introverts can self-recharge. Though the outgoing may gain their energy through mixing in crowds, introverts are self-recharging powerhouses. ④ _________ . Their energy is found
through loneliness.
⑤ _________ . In the noise of chatterboxes, their voices often get drowned out. There’s nothing more disappointing to an introvert than finally taking advantage of a moment to speak, only to be interrupted by the extroverts (外向者）. While extroverts may speak every thought that comes to mind, an introvert will choose their thoughts carefully and only speak of the ones they think their best to share. So next time, all you have to do is to be willing to listen.
A. Unluckily, introverts are faced with a big challenge.
B. And this is exactly what our introverts are born with.
C. Introverts have shown the potential to be great leaders.
D. Extroverted people would have no one to listen to them.
E. Instead, we should appreciate introverts for various reasons.
F. They don’t need to constantly put themselves out there to be lively.
G. Just because we introverts don’t say much doesn’t always mean we’re clueless.
三、完形填空（15空）
It had long been troubling a little boy that his desk mate could rank 1st in the class every time while he failed to: he only ranked 21st.
Thank goodness she did not open her mouth.
of unsatisfied grades and rankings, Mom decided to take him to the sea.
speech affected the son into tears.
Now, the son no longer worries about his rankings, because, with the 1st ranking, he is
admitted to a top university.
17．A. clever B. determined C. mindful D. Hardworking
18．A. wordless B. crazy C. shy D. missing
19．A. method B. degree C. intelligence D. result
20．A. opinion B. practice C. interest D. case
21．A. outgoing B. outstanding C. active D. ambitious
22．A. hit B. hold C. blame D. block
23．A. answer B. question C. excuse D. explanation
24．A. debt B. tension C. comment D. burden
25．A. pains B. tragedies C. risk D. loss
26．A. back B. sky C. front D. feet
27．A. sharply B. slightly C. dramatically D. quickly
28．A. assignment B. acquisition C. project D. process
29．A. accidentally B. finally C. carefully D. patiently
30．A. slower B. swifter C. nervous D. anxious
31．A. emotional B. moving C. typical D. continuous
四、短文填空
32．The high-profile China-Laos Railway opened to international passengers on Thursday, showing how the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a win-win situation. The D887 train, ①_________ (depart)from Kunming, Yunnan province, at 8: 08 am and arrived at Vientiane, capital of Laos, at 6: 38 pm.
It is the first international cross-border passenger train service that China has put into operation since the COVID-19 pandemic. "The service not only② _________ (far) facilitates the flow of people and trade between: China and Laos, ③ _________ promotes the recovery of tourism and other④ _________ (industry), and brings vitality to the development between these two countries." said Wang Wenbin, spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, at a news conference on Thursday, "It is a model project of China and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries working on the BRI and promoting⑤ _________ (region) economic integration. "
According to a World Bank estimate, the gross domestic product in Laos will be increased⑥ _________ 21 percent as a result of the construction and operation of the China-
Laos Railway. ⑦ _________ will also create more jobs for Lao people.
This year⑧ _________ (mark) the tenth anniversary of the BRI. ⑨ _________ (promote) the initiative, China will continue to cooperate with ASEAN members, ⑩_________
(benefit) two billion people in the region.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你的朋友George想要了解中国舞狮(Lion Dancc）的文化。

请给George写封邮件介绍相关的内容，内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 简单介绍舞狮的形式和意义；
3. 邀请他来中国亲自感受。

注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear George,
Hearing that you are interested in Chinese Lion Dunce. I’m writing to
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
Yours.
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文
A young and successful manager had a new Jaguar, whose side* door was dented (凹陷的）. The damage was very noticeable, but the manager never bothered to repair it. He kept the dent there to remind him of one afternoon as well as this message： Don't go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your attention!
The manager was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new.
Jaguar. He was watching for kids rushing out from between parked cars and slowed down when he thought he saw something. As his car passed, no children appeared. Instead, a brick crashed into the Jag's side door! He braked sharply and drove the Jag backward to the spot where the brick had been thrown. The angry driver then jumped out of the car, grabbed the nearest kid and pushed him up against a parked car, shouting, “What was that all about and who are you?”
The young boy apologized. "Pl ease mister ... please, I’m sorry. . . I didn't know what else to do," he begged.
“I threw the brick because no one else would stop. . ." With tears corning down his face, the little boy pointed to a spot just around a parked car.
“My elder brother fell ou t of his wheelchair and I can't lift him up. he said.
Still crying, the boy asked the astonished manager, "Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He's hurt and he's too heavy for me. ”
Moved beyond words, he hurried to the spot with the boy. Another boy was lying on the, ground bleeding. He took out his clean handkerchief and touched lightly at the fresh scrapes (擦伤）and cuts. A quick look told him that the wound was serious, the disabled must be taken to the hospital at once.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Luckily, he had a first-aid kit in the car.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________
In fifteen minutes, they arrived at the nearest hospital.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。

根据ROYAL MUSHROOM标题下的“NAME: Queen’s hedgehog fungus(名称：女王刺猬菌)”以及“ FROM: Surrey, England(来自：英国萨里)”可知，Queen’s hedgehog fungus原产于英国。

故选B。

2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。

根据最后一段的“The big species has just won three Guinness World Records for largest waterlily, largest waterlily leaf and largest undivided leaf. (这种大物种刚刚获得了三项吉尼斯世界纪录，分别是最大睡莲、最大睡莲叶和最大未裂叶)”可知，Giant Bolivian保持着“最大的睡莲物种”这个吉尼斯世界纪录。

故选D。

3．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。

根据第一段“Last year, brilliant’ botanists from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, discovered, identified and named 114 spectacular new species of plants and fungi (真菌) from around the world. Let’s find out more about some of Kew’s most wonderful new finds.(去年，来自邱园皇家植物园的杰出植物学家发现、鉴定并命名了114种来自世界各地的壮观的植物和真菌新物种。

让我们来了解更多关于邱园最精彩的新发现)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍了英国皇家植物园最新发现的3个物种及其各自的特征。

由此推知，这篇文章最有可能出自一本植物学杂志。

故选A。

4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“Food brought the family together.(食物使一家人团聚在一起。

)”可知，在作者的童年，食物是加强家庭联系的纽带。

故选A。

5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。

根据文章第二段“When I was 8, I was diagnosed with a muscle disease, which caused me to spend most of my childhood in hospital. rooms and wheelchairs, slowly gaining weight by swallowing prednisone (肾上腺皮质激素) hidden inside mint chocolate chip ice cream. My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting.(当我8岁的时候，我被诊断出患有肌肉疾病，这导致我童年的大部分时间都在医院里度过。

房间和轮椅，通过吞下藏在薄荷巧克力片冰淇淋里的泼尼松慢慢增重。

我妈妈把帮助我通过严格的节食减肥当作她的责任。

)”可知，作者由于8岁时罹患肌肉疾病不得不注射激素药物，导致体重增加。

为了帮女儿减掉因罹患肌肉疾病而增加
的体重，作者母亲严格限制作者的饮食。

所以，作者最初严格控制饮食是由于作者小时候治疗肌肉疾病产生的副作用所致。

故选B。

6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。

根据文章第二段“However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food.(然而，作为一个成年人，我开始体验到对食物的极度恐惧。

)” 可知，作者因为过度节食而对食物感到害怕。

故选C。

7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“I have come to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers on the scale and that the quality of the life I live is more important than how I look in the mirror.(我开始意识到，我的生命比体重秤上的数字更重要，我的生活质量比我在镜子里的样子更重要。

)”可推知，作者现在对自己的体重毫不在意。

故选A。

8．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。

根据前文“Our bodies are full of them and it turns out we can’t live without them.(我们的身体充满了它们，事实证明我们的生活不能没有它们)”可知，我们和细菌是共存的关系，推知symbiotic意为“共生的”，和A项意思相近。

故选A 项。

9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。

由第四段“And the best way to increase your diversity is to eat a wide range of plant-based foods. Research shows that people who have at least 30 plant-based elements in their diet every week have a wider range of bacteria in their gut, and that’s linked to better weight management, better heart heath and better mental health.(增加多样性的最好方法是吃各种各样的植物性食物。

研究表明，每周饮食中至少含有30种植物性元素的人肠道细菌种类更广，这与更好的体重管理、心脏健康和心理健康有关)”可知，每周食用至少30种植物元素的人，他们的肠道中有更多种类的细菌，而细菌的种类越多，与更多的体重管理，更好的心脏健康，更好的精神健康相关。

故选C项。

10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。

由文中最后一段“Th e influence of your gut microbes goes a lot further than you might think. In the last 20 years, we’ve learned that they communicate constantly with the brain, perhaps even having control over your mood and emotions.(肠道微
生物的影响比你想象的要大得多。

在过去的20年里，我们已经了解到它们不断地与大脑交流，甚至可能控制你的情绪和情绪)”可知，下文作者可能会写肠道微生物对于人类的精神健康的影响。

故选B项。

11．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。

根据第一段“We normally think of bacteria as our enemies. But they aren’t all bad. Our bodies are full of them and it turns out we can’t live without them. From the moment we’re born, we acq uire, and develop an internal ecosystem of symbiotic bacteria and other microbes (微生物) -they are interdependent players in our body. In fact, there are roughly as many microbial cells in our bodies as human cells. This microbial world is called our microbiome (微生物组).(我们通常认为细菌是我们的敌人。

但也不全是坏事。

我们的身体充满了它们，事实证明我们的生活不能没有它们。

从我们出生的那一刻起，我们就获得并发展了一个由共生细菌和其他微生物组成的内部生态系统——它们是我们体内相互依存的参与者。

事实上，我们体内的微生物细胞和人体细胞一样多。

这个微生物世界被称为我们的微生物群)”以及纵观全文可知，本文的主旨主要是讲的肠道微生物对人类的健康的积极影响，所以D项“The microbiome: A contributor to our health(微生物群：对我们的健康有贡献)”是本文最好的标题。

故选D项。

12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。

根据第一段的“The tool, called The Reading House (TRH), is the first of its kind. It has the potential to identify reading difficulties as early as possible, according to researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.(该工具名为“阅览室”(TRH），是同类工具中的第一个。

辛辛那提儿童医院医学中心的研究人员表示，它有可能尽早发现阅读困难)”可知，该工具可以确认学龄前儿童是否会有阅读困难。

故选C。

13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。

根据第二段的“Screening takes just about five minutes and assesses performance levels for kids aged from 3 to 5. It addresses a significant gap in ways to screen early literacy skills efficiently and directly.(筛查只需大约五分钟，评估3至5岁儿童的表现水平。

它解决了在有效和直接筛选早期识字技能方面的一个重大差距)”可推知，该工具有操作方面的优势——可操作性强。

故选B。

14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。

根据第三段的“The thicker cortex (皮质), particularly in left-sided areas supporting language and reading, has been associated with higher skills that are predictive of reading outcomes.(较厚的皮层，特别是在支持语言和阅读的左侧区域，与预测阅读结果的较高技能有关)”可知，左边大脑皮质层较厚的孩子会有较强的阅读能力。

故选D。

15．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“Many children arrive at kindergarten unprepared to learn to read, especially those from minority and economically poor backgrounds---estimated at over 50% of children from disadvantaged backgrounds in the U. S. and over 25% overall.“By screening early during clinic visits, we can target effective interventions that help these children better prepare for kindergarten and improve reading outcomes –literally, snaping thein brains to read. ” said Hutton.(许多孩子在上幼儿园时没有做好学习阅读的准备，尤其是那些来自少数民族和经济贫困背景的孩子——据估计，在美国，超过50%的儿童来自贫困背景，总体上超过25%。

Hutton说：“通过在诊所就诊期间尽早进行筛查，我们可以针对有效的干预措施，帮助这些孩子更好地为上幼儿园做准备，并改善阅读效果——实际上，就是在大脑中快速阅读。

”)”可知，Hutton认为该工具能帮助改善来自贫穷家庭孩子的阅读，因此他是满怀希望的。

故选B。

16．答案：①-⑤EGBFA
解析：①根据空前“However, there is no fault in being introverted.(然而，内向并没有错。

)”可知，作者认为内向性格没有过错。

选项E“Instead, we should appreciate introverts for various reasons.(相反，出于各种原因，我们应该欣赏内向的人。

)”延续上文内容，指出内向并没有错，同时引出下文对内向性格的优点的介绍。

故选E。

②根据下文内容“While others are busy chatting, introverts observe things most-people are unaware of. Sometimes we can even read people. While it may seem introverts are always zoned out, we’re actually analyzing and thinking of creative ideas to one day share with you.(当别人忙着聊天时，内向的人却能观察到大多数人不知道的事情。

有时我们甚至能读懂别人。

虽然内向的人似乎总是走神，但我们实际上是在分析和思考有创意的想法，以便有一天与你分享。

)”可知，内向的人不说话有可能是在思考或分析。

选项G“Just because we introverts don’t say much doesn’t always mean we’re clueless.(仅仅因为我们内向的人不说太多并不总是意味着我们毫无头绪。

)”与下文内容相符，指的是内向的人不说话并不意味着内向的人毫无头绪，他们只是在思考。

故选G。

③根据下文内容“By listening to whatever people pour out, introverts help maintain the order of the world.(通过倾听别人的倾诉，内向的人帮助维持世界的秩序。

)”可知，内向的人会倾听别人的倾诉。

选项B“And this is exactly what our introverts are born with.(这正是我们内向的人与生俱来的特质。

)”中的“this”指的是上文“In a world that can’t stop talking, the ability to listen to what each other has to say is an important virtue that will assist us in building peaceful relationships of understanding.(在一个不能停止谈话的世界里，倾听彼此的能力是一种重要的美德，它将帮助我们建立和平的理解关系。

)”中的“the ability to listen to what each other has to say”，也就是倾听的能力，同时引出下文，这种特质可以让内向的人维持世界的秩序。

故选B。

④根据空前的“Though the outgoing may gain their energy through mixing in crowds, introverts are self-recharging powerhouses.(虽然外向的人可能会在人群中获得能量，但内向的人是自我充电的动力。

)”以及空后的“Their energy is found through loneliness. (他们的能量来自孤独。

)”可知，外向的人和内向的人获得能量的方式不同。

选项F“They don’t need to constantly put themselves out there to be lively.(他们不需要经常把自己放在外面来表现活泼。

)”延续上文内容，指的是内向的人自我充电，不需要表现活泼，而是来自孤独。

故选F。

⑤空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。

根据下文“In th e noise of chatterboxes, their voices often get drowned out. There’s nothing more disappointing to an introvert than finally taking advantage of a moment to speak, only to be interrupted by the extroverts (外向者）. While extroverts may speak every thought that comes to mind, an introvert will choose their thoughts carefully and only speak of the ones they think their best to share. So next time, all you have to do is to be willing to listen.(在喋喋不休者的嘈杂声中，他们的声音常常被淹没。

对于内向的人来说，没有什么比利用这个机会说话却被外向的人打断更让人失望的了。

外向的人可能会说出想到的每一个想法，而内向的人会仔细选择他们的想法，只说出他们认为最适合分享的想法。

所以下次，你所要做的就是愿意倾听。

)”可知，本段主要讲述的是内向的人的声音经常被淹没，由此可知，这是内向的人所面临的挑战。

选项A“Unluckily, introverts are faced with a big challenge.(不幸的是，内向的人面临着一个巨大的挑战。

)”与本段内容相符，指的是内向的人有一个巨大的挑战。

故选A。

17．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：我觉得我和他一样努力，可我怎么总是落后呢？
A. clever聪明的；
B. determined有决心的；
C. mindful留心的；
D. hardworking努力的。

根据“but how come I always fall behind?”可知，小男孩觉得自己和第一名一样努力。

故选D。

18．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：听到这些话，她默默无言。

A. wordless默默无言的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. shy害羞的；D. missing丢失的。

考虑到儿子的感受，妈妈当时默默无言。

故选A。

19．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：妈妈很想告诉儿子，人的智商是不同的。

A. method 方法；B. degree学位；C. intelligence智力；D. result结果。

根据“Why aren’t you just as clever?”可知，妈妈想告诉儿子的真相是人的智商是不同的。

故选C。

20．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：然而，这是她儿子的最佳利益吗？A. opinion观点；
B. practice练习；
C. interest兴趣，利益；
D. case案例。

妈妈想告诉儿子真相，但是考虑到儿子的最佳利益，当时没有开口。

故选C。

21．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：你父亲和我曾经很出色。

A. outgoing外向的；B. outstanding杰出的；C. active积极的；D. ambitious有雄心的。

根据“Why aren’t you just as clever?”可知，妈妈觉得自己和小男孩的爸爸曾经都是很优秀的。

故选B。

22．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。

句意：但她停了下来，因为她觉得责备他太残忍了，她需要一个更好的回答。

A. hit打击；B. hold举办；C. blame责备；D. block阻碍。

妈妈觉得用儿子不够聪明来责备他太残忍了。

故选C。

23．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意同上。

A. answer回答；B. question问题；C. excuse借口，理由；D. explanation解释。

妈妈考虑儿子需要一个更好的回答。

故选A。

24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：为了减轻因成绩和排名不理想而痛苦的儿子的负担，妈妈决定带他去海边。

A. debt债务；B. tension紧张；C. comment评论；D. burden
负担。

根据“unsatisfied grades and rankings”可知，此处指为了减轻儿子的负担。

故选D。

25．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意同上。

A. pains痛苦；B. tragedies悲剧；C. risk风险；
D. loss损失。

根据“suffering from”和“unsatisfied grades and rankings”可知，儿子因为成绩和排名不理想而痛苦。

故选A。

26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意：躺在沙滩上的时候，妈妈指着前面说:“你看到那边的海鸟了吗？”A. back后面；B. sky天空；C. front前面；D. feet脚。

根据“When the waves come near”可知，妈妈面朝大海，指着前面问儿子问题。

故选C。

27．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。

句意：当海浪靠近时，小鸟可以迅速上升，而笨拙的海鸥需要更长的时间才能完成这个过程。

A. sharply敏锐地，瑞丽地；B. slightly轻微地；C. dramatically显著地；D. quickly迅速地。

根据“while it wou ld take longer for clumsy sea-gulls”可知，与海鸥比起来，小鸟可以迅速上升。

故选D。

28．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。

句意同上。

A. assignment任务；B. acquisition习得；C. project项目；D. process过程。

此处指海鸥上升的过程。

故选D。

29．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。

句意：然而，你有没有注意到，最终飞越无尽海洋的鸟不是别的，正是笨拙的海鸥吗？A. accidentally偶然地，意外地；B. finally最终；C. carefully细心地；D. patiently有耐心地。

根据“fly across the endless ocean are none other than clumsy sea-gulls”可知，最终飞越无尽海洋的鸟正是笨拙的海鸥。

故选B。

30．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：你可能会慢一点，但你将是那个成功的人！A. slower更慢的；B. swifter更迅速地；C. nervous紧张的；D. anxious焦虑的。

妈妈将儿子比作海鸥，可能过程慢一点，最终却能成功。

故选A。

31．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：那动人的演说使儿子感动得流下了眼泪。

A. emotional情感的；B. moving令人感动的；C. typical典型的；D. continuous连续不断
的。

根据“son into tears”可知，妈妈的演说感动了儿子。

故选B。

32．答案：①departed②further③but④industries⑤regional⑥by⑦which⑧marks⑨To promote⑩benefiting
解析：①考查时态。

句意：D887次列车于上午8点08分从云南昆明出发，于下午6点38分抵达老挝首都万象。

考查本句谓语动词，根据下文的并列谓语“arrived at Vientiane”以及时间状语可知，本句时态为一般过去时。

故填departed。

②考查副词。

句意：外交部发言人汪文斌在周四的新闻发布会上说：“这项服务不仅进一步促进了中老两国之间的人员流动和贸易往来，还促进了旅游业和其他行业的复苏，为两国的发展带来了活力。

这是中国和东南亚国家联盟国家致力于BRI和促进区域经济一体化的典范项目。

”修饰动词“facilitates”用副词形式，意为“进一步”。

故填further。

③考查固定搭配。

句意：外交部发言人汪文斌在周四的新闻发布会上说：“这项服务不仅进一步促进了中老两国之间的人员流动和贸易往来，还促进了旅游业和其他行业的复苏，为两国的发展带来了活力。

这是中国和东南亚国家联盟国家致力于BRI和促进区域经济一体化的典范项目。

”固定搭配：not only…but(also)…，意为“不但……而且……”，符合句意。

故填but。

④考查名词的数。

句意：外交部发言人汪文斌在周四的新闻发布会上说：“这项服务不仅进一步促进了中老两国之间的人员流动和贸易往来，还促进了旅游业和其他行业的复苏，为两国的发展带来了活力。

这是中国和东南亚国家联盟国家致力于BRI和促进区域经济一体化的典范项目。

”根据空前的“other”以及句意可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。

故填industries。

⑤考查形容词。

句意：外交部发言人汪文斌在周四的新闻发布会上说：“这项服务不仅进一步促进了中老两国之间的人员流动和贸易往来，还促进了旅游业和其他行业的复苏，为两国的发展带来了活力。

这是中国和东南亚国家联盟国家致力于BRI和促进区域经济一体化的典范项目。

”分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的“economic integration”。

故填regional。

⑥考查固定搭配。

句意：据世界银行估计，中老铁路的建设和运营将使老挝国内生产总值增长了21%，也将为老挝人民创造更多就业机会。

固定搭配：increase by，意为“增长了……”，符合句意。

故填by。

⑦考查定语从句。

句意：据世界银行估计，中老铁路的建设和运营将使老挝国内生产。