2020年高考英语外刊时事高考练习

外刊阅读Should Grocery Workers Be Considered First Responders?
Step 1 Lead-in:
在美国，新冠病毒肆虐，已经有许多名杂货店工作人员得新冠，其中很人死于该病毒。

人们不敢去杂货店工作，尽管失业率达到了前所未有的水平，但很少有人自愿承担这种高风险的工作。

Step 2 Pre-reading：
New words:
1.responder 英[rɪs'pɒndə] 美[rɪ'spɒndə]
n.回答者; 回应者; 应答器; 响应器;
Eg. An application method of the responder anti - theft system is also disclosed.
还公开了一种应答器防盗系统的使用方法.
2.deadly 英 [ˈdedli] 美 [ˈdɛdli]
adj. 极端的，非常的; 致命的，致死的; 非常有效的; 如死一般的;
adv.极其，非常; 死了一样地;
Eg. Some mushrooms contain a deadly poison. 有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。

3.coronavirus 英[kə,rəunə'vaiərəs] 美[kə,rəunə'vaiərəs]
n. 日冕形病毒，冠状病毒; 冠形病毒;
guideline 英 [ˈgaɪdlaɪn] 美 [ˈɡaɪdˌlaɪn] n. 准则
4.contain 英[kənˈteɪn] 美[kənˈten]
vt. 包含，容纳；克制，遏制；牵制；包括或由……构成
Eg. It took an almost superhuman effort to contain his anger.
他以超常的克制力强压住怒火。

5.tight 英 [taɪt] 美 [taɪt]
adj. 紧的，牢固的; 绷紧的; 不漏的; 密集的，紧凑的;
adv. 紧紧地; 牢固地;
Eg. It is better to stretch the tight muscles first. 最好先伸展一下僵硬的肌肉。

6.pandemic 英 [pænˈdemɪk] 美 [pænˈdɛmɪk]
adj. （疾病）大流行的; 普遍的，全世界的;
n.（全国或全球性）流行病，大流行病;
复数: pandemics
pre-pandemic 流行前
pre-（前缀）：前，向前，提前ic-(后缀)：adj/n
7.union 英 [ˈju:niən] 美 [ˈjunjən]
n. 同盟，联盟; 协会，工会; 联合，团结; adj. 工会的;
Eg. The couple hold the unfashionable view that marriage is a sacred union.
夫妇俩对婚姻的看法很传统，认为婚姻是神圣的结合。

8.banner 英 [ˈbænə(r)] 美 [ˈbænɚ]
n. 横幅; 旗，旗帜; 标语; 大字标题;
adj.第一流的，第一位的; 杰出的; 领先的，为首的; 突出地支持（某一政党）的;
复数: banners
Eg. Nothing to be heard but the soft flap of a silk banner.万籁俱寂，只有一面绸制旗子轻轻飘动的响声。

9.authorities 英 [ɔ:'θɒrɪtɪs] 美 [ɔ'θɒrɪtɪs]
n. 当局，权力，权威; 权威( authority的名词复数); 权力; 学术权威; [复数]当权者;
10.infect英 [ɪnˈfekt] 美 [ɪnˈfɛkt]
vt. 使受影响，感染;传染，散布病毒，侵染;
（电脑病毒）使（电脑的）存储器[数据]受到感染;
过去分词: infected 过去式: infected 现在分词: infecting 第三人称单数: infects
disinfect 英 [ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt] 美 [ˌdɪsɪnˈfɛkt]
vt. 除去（感染），给…消毒;
过去分词: disinfected 过去式: disinfected
现在分词: disinfecting 第三人称单数: disinfects
disinfectant 英 [ˌdɪsɪnˈfektənt] 美 [ˌdɪsɪnˈfɛktənt]
n. 消毒剂，杀菌剂; 复数: disinfectants
11.trolley 英 [ˈtrɒli] 美 [ˈtrɑli]
n.手推车; 触轮; 电车，有轨电车; 空中吊运车;
vt.&vi.载运用有轨电车运送（乘客）; 乘电车;
过去分词: trolleyed 复数: trolleys
过去式: trolleyed 现在分词: trolleying 第三人称单数: trolleys
12.checkout counter n.收银台;
checkout n. 检验，校验; 结账; 借阅; 变形复数: checkouts
checkin 英 [t'ʃekɪn] 美 [t'ʃekɪn] 记入工时，报到，登记;
13.basic necessities 基本必需品
necessity英 [nəˈsesəti] 美 [nəˈsɛsɪti]
n. 必要（性）; （迫切）需要; 必需品; 自然规律; 变形复数: necessities
14.sue英 [su:] 美 [su]
vt.& vi. 控告，控诉，和…打官司; 请求; 起诉; 提起（诉讼）要求判决;
过去分词: sued 过去式: sued 现在分词: suing 第三人称单数: sues
15.allegedly 英[ə'ledʒɪdlɪ] 美[ə'ledʒɪdlɪ] adv. 依其申述; 据说;
alleged 英[ə'ledʒd] 美[əˈlɛdʒd, əˈlɛdʒɪd]
adj. 声称的，所谓的; 被断言的; 可疑的，靠不住的;
v. 宣称，断言( allege的过去式和过去分词);
allege英 [əˈledʒ] 美 [əˈlɛdʒ]
vt. 断言，宣称，辩解; 提出…作为理由;
过去分词: alleged 过去式: alleged 现在分词: alleging 第三人称单数: alleges
16.heartbroken 英[ˈhɑ:tbrəʊkən] 美[ˈhɑrtbroʊkən]
adj. 悲伤的; v. 心碎，断肠( heartbreak的过去分词);
heartbreak 英[ˈhɑ:tbreɪk] 美[ˈhɑrtbreɪk]
n. 心碎，断肠; 极度伤心; v. 使心碎;
过去分词: heartbroken 复数: heartbreaks 过去式:
heartbrok 现在分词: heartbreaking 第三人称单数: heartbreaks
17.retailer 英[ˈri:teɪlə(r)] 美[ˈritelɚ]
n. 零售商，零售店; 复数: retailers
18.chiller 英['tʃɪlə] 美[ˈtʃɪlɚ]
n.恐怖电影，恐怖书籍; 制冷机; 复数: chillers
chill英 [tʃɪl] 美 [tʃɪl]
vt.& vi.（使）变冷; 使很冷; 使冰冷; 使恐惧;
n. 寒冷，发冷; 冷漠; 扫兴; [冶金学]激冷;
adj. 冷的; 冷漠的; 令人失望的;
vt.令失望; 使沮丧; 使扫兴; 使消沉;
过去分词: chilled 复数: chills 过去式: chilled
现在分词: chilling 第三人称单数: chills
Step 3 While-listening
Listen for the key points:
1.How many grocery store workers have been dead?
2.How much more do grocery store workers earn?
3.I don’t think anyone realized even the _____________didn’t realize how serious this was.
Step 4 Listen and fill in the blanks according to the comprehension.
Grocery store shoppers practice social distancing rules, put in place to _________ the spread of the deadly ________. They wait in long lines and follow other strict guidelines to help contain the virus.
This _______ here is a little bit comfort, you know on the ears it's a bit tight over here ________. It's pretty much the same thing because we're not protecting the things that we're breathing in. It's more what we're breathing out, that's keeping the other people safe.
_________by the US Centers for Disease Control, limit the number of people in stores to 20% of the pre-pandemic numbers. But _______ say measures have fallen short and come too late, especially for grocery store workers.
There have been over 3,000 cases of ________ who work in supermarkets that have covid-19. There have been 41 deaths. They have not been given masks. They have not been given gloves. Their union has insisted about that.
In mid-April Google _________ its main page banner to grocery workers
who are the least protected from a virus they're constantly _________ to.
I don't think anyone realized even the authorities didn't realize how serious this was. Even I didn't understand at first until we saw how many people were ________ sick.
It's very hard to determine whether anyone is sick. Grocery stores don't have __________ readers installed at the entrances. Employees disinfect trolley handles, wash floors and take credit and bank cards from customers at the checkout counter. Customers wear gloves and masks and many entered grocery stores only when they need basic__________ but the workers have no choice.
Employees like Wanda Evans, a Chicago area Walmart employee who died from covid-19. His family is_______the retailer for allegedly not doing enough to protect workers. In a statement Walmart said it's heartbroken by Evans's death and listed _______ measures. The retailer said it took in response to the pandemic. Now supermarkets and other retailers are finding it harder to get workers.
A supermarket I want to say wasn't an easy job but it wasn't a very ______ job for many people. Now it's become very stressful and we also see a lot of people not wanting to go to work. But in the case for a lot of employees, it's not about the extra $2.00. It's not about you know getting _________ off from a restaurant and you know going to work in a supermarket very often. They would make just as much money going on unemployment.
________ driver Execelso Sabulao practically forced his father to leave his supermarket job and said he would support his parents on his own. I guess the part that I'm afraid of the most is going inside the store and picking up those bags, you know opening the fridge and the chiller because I don't know if people you know people who are working and that they call it shoppers, they hopeful shoppers, I don't know if one of them is __________.
Right now Sabulao says he doesn't have a ________ but what he does have is disinfectant, gloves and hope.
Step 4 Gap flling.
Grocery store shoppers practice social distancing rules, put in place______ prevent the spread of the deadly coronavirus. They wait in long lines and follow other strict guidelines to help contain the virus.
This mask here is a little _______comfort, you know on the ears it's a bit tight over here bandage. It's pretty much the same thing because we're not ______(protect) the things that we're breathing in. It's more what we're breathing out, that's keeping the other people safe.
Regulations by the US Centers for Disease Control, limit the number of people in stores to 20% of the pre-pandemic numbers. But experts say measures have _______(fall) short and come too late, especially for grocery store workers.
There have been over 3,000 cases of employees who work in supermarkets that have covid-19. There have been 41 deaths. They have not ______(be) given masks. They have not been given gloves. Their union has insisted about that.
In mid-April Google dedicated its main page banner to grocery workers who are the ______(little) protected from a virus they're constantly exposed to.
I don't think anyone realized even the authorities didn't realize how serious this was. Even I didn't understand at _____(one) until we saw how many people were seriously sick.
It's very hard to determine whether anyone ____(be) sick. Grocery stores don't have temperature readers installed at the entrances. Employees disinfect trolley handles, wash floors and take credit and bank cards from customers at the checkout counter. Customers wear gloves and masks and many entered grocery stores only when they need basic necessities but the workers have no choice.
Employees like Wanda Evans, a Chicago area Walmart employee who died ______covid-19. His family is suing the retailer for allegedly not doing enough to protect workers. In a statement Walmart said it's heartbroken by Evans's death and listed safety measures. The retailer said it took in response to the pandemic. Now supermarkets and other retailers are finding it harder to get workers.
A supermarket I want to say wasn't an easy job but it wasn't a very stressful job for many people. Now it's become very stressful and we also see a lot of people not wanting to go to work. But in the case for a lot of employees, it's not about the extra $2.00. It's not about you know getting laid _____ from a restaurant and you know going to work in a supermarket very often. They would make just as much money going on unemployment.
Delivery driver Execelso Sabulao practically forced his father to leave his supermarket job and
______(say) he would support his parents on his own. I guess the part that I'm afraid of the most is going inside the store and picking up those bags, you know opening the fridge and the chiller because I don't know if people you know people who are working and that they call it shoppers, they hopeful shoppers, I don't know if one of them is infected.
Right now Sabulao says he doesn't have a choice but what he does have is disinfectant, gloves and hope.
原文：Should Grocery Workers Be Considered First Responders?
Grocery store shoppers practice social distancing rules, put in place to prevent the spread of the deadly coronavirus. They wait in long lines and follow other strict guidelines to help contain the virus.
This mask here is a little bit comfort, you know on the ears it's a bit tight over here bandage. It's pretty much the same thing because we're not protecting the things that we're breathing in. It's more what we're breathing out, that's keeping the other people safe.
Regulations by the US Centers for Disease Control, limit the number of people in stores to 20% of the pre-pandemic numbers. But experts say measures have fallen short and come too late, especially for grocery store workers.
There have been over 3,000 cases of employees who work in supermarkets that have covid-19. There have been 41 deaths. They have not been given masks. They have not been given gloves. Their union has insisted about that.
In mid-April Google dedicated its main page banner to grocery workers
who are the least protected from a virus they're constantly exposed to.
I don't think anyone realized even the authorities didn't realize how serious this was. Even I didn't understand at first until we saw how many people were seriously sick.
It's very hard to determine whether anyone is sick. Grocery stores don't have temperature readers installed at the entrances. Employees disinfect trolley handles, wash floors and take credit and bank cards from customers at the checkout counter. Customers wear gloves and masks and many entered grocery stores only when they need basic necessities but the workers have no choice.
Employees like Wanda Evans, a Chicago area Walmart employee who died from covid-19. His family is suing the retailer for allegedly not doing enough to protect workers. In a statement Walmart said it's heartbroken by Evans's death and listed safety measures. The retailer said it took in response to the pandemic. Now supermarkets and other retailers are finding it harder to get workers.
A supermarket I want to say wasn't an easy job but it wasn't a very stressful job for many people. Now it's become very stressful and we also see a lot of people not wanting to go to work. But in the case for a lot of employees, it's not about the extra $2.00. It's not about you know getting laid off from a restaurant and you know going to work in a supermarket very often. They would make just as much money going on unemployment.
Delivery driver Execelso Sabulao practically forced his father to leave his supermarket job and said he would support his parents on his own. I guess the part that I'm afraid of the most is going inside the store and picking up those bags, you know opening the fridge and the chiller because I don't know if people you know people who are working and that they call it shoppers, they hopeful shoppers, I don't know if one of them is infected.
Right now Sabulao says he doesn't have a choice but what he does have is disinfectant, gloves and hope.
For Elena Wolf in New York Anna Rice VOA news
译文：食品杂货店工作人员应该被视为一线人员吗？
杂货店的购物者执行隔离政策，以防止致命的冠状病毒的传播。

他们排长队，遵循其他严格的准则来控制病毒。

这个面罩还算舒适，你知道在耳朵上这里有点紧，类似绷带这几乎是一样的，因为我们对我们吸入的东西进行防护，更重要的是呼出的东西，这样才能保证其他人的安全。

美国疾病控制中心的规定将商店里的人数限制在疫情前的20%。

但是专家们说，这些措施已经落空，而且来得太晚了，尤其是对杂货店的员工来说。

在超市工作的员工中，有3000多人感染了冠状病毒，死亡人数已达41人。

他们没有口罩，也没有手套，工会坚持这样做。

四月中旬，谷歌将其主页上的条幅标记为献给食品杂货店工人。

他们是经常接触病毒的没有受保护的人。

我想没有人意识到，就连当局也没有意识到这件事有多严重。

一开始我也不明白，直到我们看到有很多人病得很重。

很难确定是否有人生病杂货店在入口处没有安装体温检测设备。

员工对手推车进行消毒，清洗楼层，并在收银台从顾客那里收取信用卡和银行卡。

顾客戴上手套和口罩，许多人只在需要基本必需品时才去杂货店。

但员工们别无选择。

像万达·埃文斯这样的员工，一位来自芝加哥的沃尔玛员工死于冠状病毒。

他的家人正在起诉这家零售商，指控他们在保护工人方面做得不够。

沃尔玛在一份声明中表示，埃文斯的死亡令人心碎，并列举了安全措施。

这家零售商表示，它采取了应对疫情的措施。

现在超市和其他零售商发现很难找到工人。

一家超市，我想说，这不是一个容易的工作，但对许多人来说这不是一个压力很大的工作。

现在它变得非常紧张，我们也看到很多人不想去工作。

但对于很多员工来说，这与额外的2美元无关。

这并不是说你会在一家餐馆被解雇，你知道你经常去超市工作。

他们失业也能赚同样多的钱。

送货司机Execelso
Sbulao强迫他的父亲不要去超市工作说他会自己养活他的父母。

我想我最害怕的部分是走进店里拿起那些袋子，打开冰箱和冷水机因为我不知道你是否认识工作的人他们称为购物者，或者是可能的购物者，我不知道他们中是否有人被感染。

现在，Sbulao说他别无选择，但他所能选择的是消毒剂、手套和希望。

VOA制作人Elena Wolf，记者Anna Rice纽约报道。