初中英语 人教版中考复习专题-宾语从句讲解以及练习题(含答案)

宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。

I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)
I know him .（代词作宾语）
I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）
包含宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句
二、宾语从句三要素
（一）连接词
①that 用于一般陈述句之中
Eg: You are right. -- > I think you are right.
②whether/if 用于一般疑问句之中
whether/if的区别：
A.与or not连用只能用whether
B.介词后只能用whether
C.与to do不定式连用只能用whether
D.作主语放句首只能用whether
用于条件状语从句中，当“如果”讲只能用if
Eg: Are you right ? -- > I wonder whether / if you are right.
③连接代词who whom whose what which （做adj.）
连接副词when why where how
用于特殊疑问句之中
Eg: What did you do ? -- She asked what you had done ?
（二）语序：陈述句语序
即：陈述句结构（主+谓+连接词+主+谓+其他成分）
She asked what you had done ?
三、时态(时态一致性）
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任意时态。

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

例如：
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用现在时态。

四、宾语从句与简单句的转换
①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。

②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn
等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

③当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

（五）否定转移
在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe, guess, suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。

练习题
一、单项选择
（）１．Do you know __________________?
A. where does she live
B. she lives where
C. where she lives
D. where she live
（）2. His parents wanted to know what he ______at that time.
A. is doing
B. was doing
C. has done
D. will do
（）3.—We don’t know ______.
-- It is said that he was born in Canada.
A.what he is
B. when he was born
C. where he comes from
D. if he lives here
（）4．Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ________? A.what Lily was B. what was Lily
C. where Lily was
D. where was Lily
（）5 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drank with them.
A. took
B. take
C. takes
D. will take
（）6 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled
B. has travelled
C. travels
D. had travelled （）7. Could you please tell me ________ he will come here tomorrow?
A. if
B. weather
C. what
D. which
（）8. Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when did they leave Beijing
二、填空题
1.The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2.The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)
3.Tom says that they ____________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
4.I hear he __________ (return) it already.
5.He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6.He asked what they __________ at eight last night. (do)
7.The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel)
8.I think you __________ about the relay race now. (talk)
9.I didn’t know whom the letters _________ from. (be)
10. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter. (write)
11. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move) round the earth.
12. Could you tell me who _________ away the book already? (take)
13. Ling Feng told me he _________ to several times. (be)
14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)
15. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do)
三、用合适的连接词填空。

1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today? （who, whom）
3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can do it better.（how, who）
5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. （if, whether）
7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. （whether, if）
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. （where, what）
9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. （how, why）
10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? （why, what）
三、合并句子
1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked.
2.What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?
3.Do they like to make friends with us? He asked.
4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.
5.“I will come back.”Tom said.
参考答案
一、单项选择
（）１．Do you know __________________?
A. where does she live
B. she lives where
C. where she lives
D. where she live
（）2. His parents wanted to know what he ______at that time.
A. is doing
B. was doing
C. has done
D. will do
（）3.—We don’t know ______.
-- It is said that he was born in Canada.
A.what he is
B. when he was born
C. where he comes from
D. if he lives here
（）4．Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ________?
B.what Lily was B. what was Lily
C. where Lily was
D. where was Lily
（）5 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drank with them.
A. took
B. take
C. takes
D. will take
（）6 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled
B. has travelled
C. travels
D. had travelled
（）7. Could you please tell me ________ he will come here tomorrow?
A. if
B. weather
C. what
D. which
（）8. Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when did they leave Beijing
二、填空题
1.The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be) will be
2.The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go) goes
3.Tom says that they ____________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. were playing
4.I hear he __________ (return) it already. has returned
5.He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)had been
6.He asked what they __________ at eight last night. (do)were doing
7.The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel)travels
8.I think you __________ about the relay race now. (talk)are talking
9.I didn’t know whom the letters _________ from. (be)were
10. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter. (write)wrote
11. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move) round the earth. moves
12. Could you tell me who _________ away the book already? (take)has taken
13. Ling Feng told me he _________ to several times. (be)has been
14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise) rises
15. Can you tell me what they ______ yesterday? (do) did
三、用合适的连接词填空。

1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today? （who, whom）
3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can do it better.（how, who）
5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. （if, whethe r）
7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. （whether, if）
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. （where, what）
9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. （how, why）
10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? （why, what）
三、合并句子
1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked.
I asked where they stopped on the way .
2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?
Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting ?
3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked.
He asked whether/if they liked to make friends with us .
4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.
He said I was doing my homework.
5.“I will come back.”Tom said.
Tom said he would come back.。