2021届一轮复习人教版选修八unit5meetingyourancestors学案

2021届一轮复习人教版选修八
unit5meetingyourancestors学案
选修八Unit 5 Meeting Your Ancestors学案
基础知识默写
1.starvation n.挨饿；饿死
starve v t.使挨饿；使饿死
2.accuracy n.精确；准确
accurate adj.精确的；准确的
3.interrupt v t.&v i.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止interruption n.打断；中止
4.assume v t.假定；设想
assumption n.假定；设想
assuming conj.假设
5.sharpen v i.&v t.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰
sharpener n.磨具；削具
6.messy adj.凌乱的；脏的
mess n.混乱；一团糟
7.analysis n.分析
analyze v t.分析；分解
8.somehow ad v.以……方式；不知怎么地
9.album n.相册；集邮册；唱片
10.division n.分割；划分；分配；分界线
divide v t.划分；分开
11.applaud v i.&v t.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏
applause n.鼓掌欢迎；喝彩；称赞
12.arrest v t.逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留
13.gay adj.快乐的；欢快的
gaily ad v.快乐地；轻松地
14.skillful/skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的
skill n.技巧；技能
15.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的
16.spit v t.吐出(唾液、食物等)v i.吐痰
17.scratch n.(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠v t.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏
18.acute adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的
19.beast n.野兽
20.primitive adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的
21.category n.种类；类别；范畴
22.delete v t.删；删除
23.punctuation n.标点符号
24.ripen v t.&v i.使……成熟；成熟
ripe adj.成熟的
25.significance n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
significant adj.重要的；有意义的
26.accelerate v i.&v t.加速；促进
acceleration n.加速；促进
27.alternative n.可能的选择adj.供选择的；其他的
28.show...round/around带(某人)参观
29.regardless of不管；不顾
30.keep out...阻止……进入；(使)留在外面
31.at most至多；最多
32.cut up切碎；使伤心
33.be aware of意识到
34.fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦
35.look ahead向前看；为将来打算
36.with relief欣慰地；如释重负地
37.date back (to...)追溯到……；始于
38.We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick，which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning
all winter.
我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。

39.Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
是的，很对。

正如植物学家的分析结果已经告诉我们的，这儿四周曾是一个很大浅水湖的一部分。

40.Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.
突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。

基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.In primitive(原始的) society man went without shoes or clothing.
2.I’m afraid I have no alternative(可能的选择) but to ask you to leave.
3.I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the latest musical bums(唱片).
4.There are even security guards there who can arrest(逮捕) people that break the rules.
5.I know what we’re doing is legal，but somehow(不知怎么地) it doesn’t feel right.
6.Going without sleep for a long time makes me feel dizzy(眩晕的) and light-headed.
7.The program started again after a two-year interruption (interrupt).
8.She doesn’t know how to tidy up the messy(mess) room.
9.No sooner had MoYan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause(applaud).
10.It was a race against time to stop people dying from starvation(starve).
11.When crops ripen or when the sun ripens them，they become ripe.(ripe)
12.Many parents opposed the division(divide) of the classes into different sets.
13.The engineer in particular must be able to communicate his ideas to others rapidly and accurately(accuracy).
14.She looked at him across the table and gave him a significant(significance) smile.
15.The company is cutting production costs in an attempt to sharp en(sharp) its competitive edge. Ⅱ.选词成篇
keepout，datebackto，atmost
An old tomb was discovered in my hometown. Local people believe it has a history of 1.at most 200 years. But experts said that it can 2.date back to Ming Dynasty. Everyone has been aware of its significance. In order to protect the old tomb，local people are 3.kept out.
show...round，regardlessof，cutup，fedupwith，lookahead，beawareof
Yesterday，our class visited the history museum in our city 4.regardless of the hot weather. The announcer 5.showed us round the museum and we saw an old stone which was said to be a scraper used by our ancestors to 6.cut up the meat. When we were told its use，we 7.were aware of our ancestors’wisdom. However，our ancestors were 8.fed up with their lifestyles，so they had to 9.look ahead.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.When he woke up，he realized that someone must have entered his room at night. (must have done)
当他醒来时，他意识到晚上肯定有人进了他的房间。

2.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading，only to be told that it was being decorated. (only to do) 放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果被告知阅览室正在装修。

3.As is reported，a foreign delegation will visit the city.(as)
据报道，一个外国代表团将参观这座城市。

4.He had just entered the classroom when the bell rang.(had just done...when...) 他刚走进教室，这时铃声响了。

联想积累
1.以后缀-en结尾的动词
(1)sharpen(使)锋利
(2)ripen使……成熟
(3)deepen变深
(4)strengthen加强
(5)darken使变暗
2.以-tive结尾的名词
(1)alternative可能的选择
(2)native当地人
(3)objective目标
(4)relative亲属
(5)detective侦探
3.“介词＋n.”构成具有副词意义的短语
(1)with relief欣慰地
(2)with ease容易地
(3)with care/caution小心地
(4)in surprise奇怪地
(5)in particular特别地
4.at短语汇总
(1)at most至多
(2)at least至少
(3)at best顶多；充其量
(4)at latest最迟
(5)at worst在最坏情况下
重点词汇研究
(1)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find.
恐龙的灭绝不一定是因为天体的碰撞，但也难以找到别的解释。

(2)You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor.
你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉，任你选择。

(3)[同义句改写]We cannot choose but take immediate action to stop pollution.(用alternative改写) →For us，there is no alternative but to take immediate action to stop pollution.
易错点拨
(1)the alternative后可接介词to或of，接to表示代替；接of表同位关系。

(2)“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达方式：do nothing but do sth.，have nothing to do but do sth.，have no choice but to do sth.，cannot choose but do sth.。

interrupt v.打断……讲话；打岔；打扰；暂时中断或中止
(1)I am not accustomed to being interrupted(interrupt) when studying or working，so please remember this and don’t do it again.
(2)Let’s go somewhere we can talk without interruption(连续地).
assume vt.假定(设)；设想；认为
(1)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the assumption(assume) you’ve made.
[句式升级]
(2)If there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like？(用assuming that...改写)
Assuming that there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman，what can you imagine our environment will be like?
(3)People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.(用it作形式主语改写)
It is assumed that what people do has little effect on the environment.
易错点拨在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实
际上可直接用作介词或连词。

这一类单词有：(1)supposing conj.假设；如果；(2)provided/providing conj.假设；如果；(3)given prep.鉴于；考虑到；(4)considering prep.&conj.鉴于；考虑到；(5)concerning prep.关于；(6)including prep.包括；包含
regardlessof不管；不顾
(1)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background.
我们的俱乐部对任何人都开放，无论年龄、性别或教育背景。

(2)They had a wonderful holiday，despite/in spite of the bad weather.
尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。

(3)I have no complaints as regards/with regard to his work.关于他的工作，我没有什么好抱怨的。

fedupwith受够了；厌烦
(1)Owls feed on mice and other small animals.
(2)Please feed some grass to the cow.
[句式升级]
(3)She is fed up with his lies，so she won’t believe in him any longer.(用形容词短语作状语改写) Fed up with his lies，she won’t believe in him any longer.
[图解助记]
[联想发散]其他表示“受够了，厌烦”的短语：
be bored with，be tired of，be sick of。

datebackto(＝datefrom)追溯到；始于；起源于
(1)I became a member of the company dating(date) back to1925.
(2)Suddenly she felt old and out of date(过时的).
(3)This building dates back to/dates from(追溯到)1823.
易错点拨
(1)date back to/date from追溯到，不能用于被动语态和过去时，多用于现在时。

(2)out of date/up to date作表语；out-of-date/up-to-date作定语。

句型：onlytodo...
(1)I arrived at the shop only to find I’d left all my money at home.
我到了商店却发现钱全落在家了。

(2)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，turning(turn) the old town into a dreamland. 新建的小木屋沿街排成一行，将这个古老的小镇变成了一个梦幻之地。