英语总复习专题 动词时态课件

put on → wear / be on get to know → know catch a cold → have a cold
那本书我借了一个月了。 I have borrowed that book for one month.(×) I have kept that book for one month.(√)
Present Perfect Tense
短暂性动词的转换问题
英语中有些短暂性动词, 如come, go, begin, start, die, buy, borrow, sell等, 不能与表示一段时间的状语连用, 若与时间段连用通常要进行转换。 将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”
begin/start→ be on
stop—stopped plan--planned
Practice
Simple Future Tense
常用的时间状语: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in two hours, soon, in the future等。
My father will come back soon. 我爸爸不久将回来。 句式结构: 下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将 来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
go there → be there
come back → be back
come he be open
close → be closed
die → be dead
marry → be married
finish → be over
go to bed → be in bed
他的爷爷去世八年了。 His grandfather has died for 8 years. (×) His grandfather has been dead for 8 years. (√) 有些短暂性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词。
borrow → keep become → be buy → have/own
Present Progressive Tense
现在分词的变法
类型 一般情况
变化规则 直接加-ing
例子
play—playing act—acting
以不发音的e结尾
以重读闭音节结尾，组末尾 只有一个辅音字母 以ie结尾
去e加-ing
live—living make—making
双写词尾的辅音字母再加-ing put—putting begin—beginning
变ie为y再加-ing
die—dying lie—lying
Practice
完成句子
71. (2020，荆州) Lily often ____h_a_s_a_n__e_g_g____ for breakfast.
莉莉经常早餐吃一个鸡蛋。(have)
71. (2021, 荆州) ___T_h_e_r_e_i_s_a_p_e_n_______ and some books on the desk.
Practice
Past Progressive Tense
常用的时间状语: at nine o'clock last night, at that time, at that moment, (at)this time yesterday, from 8:00 to 9:00 last night以及when, while引导的时间 状语从句等。
例句
It was summer and school was out. 夏天，学校放假了。
I took a half day off yesterday. 昨 天我休假半天。
Simple Past Tense
动词过去式的变法：在一般过去时中, 谓语动词要用过去式, 过去式的变化 分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。下面讲一下规则变化:
专题十 动词时态
About Verb Tenses
Simple Present Tense (一般现在时)
Present Progressive Tense (现在进行时)
Simple Past Tense (一 般过去时)
Past Perfect Tense Past Future Tense
Simple Future Tense (一般将来时)
桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。(be)
72. (2021, 荆州) My mother ___i_s _li_s_te_n_i_n_g_t_o___ light music now.
我妈妈正在听轻柔的音乐。(listen)
71.
(2022,
荆州)
Look!
is playing soccer/football Jack _____________. Let’s join
She makes all her own clothes. 她的衣服都是自己做。
Simple Present Tense
常用的时间状语: always, usually, often, every day, sometimes 等。 I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早晨7点离开家去学校。 第三人称单数的构成方式: 当主语是第三人称单数时, 谓语动词要用第三 人称单数形式。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
常用的时间状语: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, two days ago, just now等。
Ann went to Shanghai last week. 上周安去上海了。
句式结构:
句式结构 be (was/were) + 表语
实义动词作谓语
leave → be away
return → be back
join → be in 或be a member of fall asleep → be asleep
lose → be lost
fall ill → be ill
Present Perfect Tense
将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”
Past Progressive Tense (过去进行时)
Present Perfect Tense (现在完成时)
Simple Present Tense
句式结构(肯定句)
句式结构
be (am/is/are) + 表语 实义动词作谓语
例句
Today is Tuesday, so tomorrow is Wednesday. 今天是星期二，那么明天就是星期三。
Simple Present Tense
类型 一般情况
以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾
变化规则 在词尾加-s
在词尾加-es
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变y为i再加-es
特殊情况
不规则变化
例子
make—makes open—opens
pass—passes wash—washes do—does catch—catches
Practice
Present Perfect Tense
常用的时间状语: already, yet, ever, never, for + 段时间； since + 点时间或 一段过去时等等。
She has already finished the work. 她已经完成了工作。
句式结构: 主语+have/has+过去分词。 I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我已经在这儿住了二十多年了。 I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生就住在这里。 My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949. 我的阿姨自1949以来在诊所工作。
3. 描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。 The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
4. 在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中, 若主句用一般将来时, 则从句用一般 现在时表示将来。
I will ring you up if Tom comes back tomorrow. 如果汤姆明天回来,我就给你打电话。 I'll e-mail you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到达北京就发电子邮件给你。
Practice
3. (安顺) --Nancy ______us a report as soon as she ______ tomorrow.
--How great! I will be there.
A. gives; is arriving
B. gives; will arrive
C. will give; arrives
Simple Future Tense
句式结构:
be going to + 不定式，表示： a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。
What are you going to do tomorrow? 你打算明天干什么？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事。
The play is going to be produced next month. 该活动在下个月举行。 c. 有迹象要发生的事
him.
瞧！杰克正在踢足球，我们也去吧。(play)
72. (2022, 荆州) My mom often __t_a_k_e_s_c_a_re__o_f Grandma Wang when she is in hospital.
王奶奶住院时，我妈妈经常照看她。(take)
Simple Past Tense
D. gives; arrives
Present Progressive Tense
常用的时间状语: 常见的时态标志词: now, at the moment, look, listen等。 句式结构: 主语+am(is/are)+动词-ing形式 We are waiting for you. 我们都在等着你。 Look! She is dancing. 看! 她正在跳舞。
carry—carries study—studies
have—has
Simple Present Tense
1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态, 常与表频率的时间状语连用。 I often get up late on weekends. 在周末我经常起床很晚。
2. 描述现在的情况、状态等。 Tom is ill. 汤姆生病了。
Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm. 看那些乌云，暴风雨就要来了。 在表示“带意愿色彩的将来”时，常用助动词will；在疑问句中，主语为第一 人称(I和we)时，常用助动词shall。 Which paragraph shall I read first? 我应该先读哪一段？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 你今晚七点在家吗？
句式结构: 主语 + was/were+动词-ing形式；当主语为第一、三人称单数时, 用was,其余用were。 Bill was playing basketball when I saw him. 当我看见比尔的时候, 他正在打篮球。 I was watching TV at 8:00 last night. 昨天晚上八点我正在看电视。 While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮在帮助玛丽做作业。
类型 一般情况
变化规则 加-ed
以e结尾
加-d
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i再加-ed
以重读闭音节结尾末尾只有 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed 一个辅音字母
例子
play—played attend—attended
live—lived change—changed
carry—carried study—studied