高中英语备课参考HolidaysandFestivals

高中英语备课参考HolidaysandFestivals
Unit 4 Holidays and Festivals
目标导学
知识详解
【课文情景描述】
汉语描述
庆祝节日
英语描述
Celebrate a festival
【课文内容全译】
教材原文
There are many national holidays in the United Kingdom.
Among them, Easter, and Christmas are two of the most famous.
The date of Easter varies each year.
It usually falls in March or April.
For most British families, Christmas is certainly the most important holiday of the year. Families decorate their houses in bright colours.
Usually a Christmas tree is placed in the front room, shining with coloured lights and interesting decorations.
On the morning of Christmas Day（December 25）, many people go to church to celebrate the birth of Christ.
In the afternoon, they stay at home and open the gifts that were gathered around the tree.
In the evening, the families sit down to a big goose （sometimes turkey）dinner.
For children, the most important one is that of receiving gifts.
On Christmas Eve（December 24）, they usually leave a long stocking hanging by the bed or by the fireplace.
They hope that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and bring them small presents.
They are usually not disappointed!
汉语翻译
在英国，有很多著名的节日。

其中，复活节、圣诞节是两个最著名的。

每年复活节的日期各不相同。

它通常在3月或4月下旬。

对大多数英国家庭来说，圣诞节是一年中最重要的节日。

许多家庭用明亮的颜色装饰他们的房子。

通常一棵圣诞树放在前面的房间，圣诞树有闪亮的彩色灯光和有趣的装饰品。

圣诞节（12月25日）上午，许多人去教堂庆祝基督的诞生。

在下午，他们呆在家里，打开礼物，围坐在圣诞树旁。

晚上，一家人围着一只大鹅坐下来（有时是土鸡）晚餐。

对于孩子来说，最重要的是收到的礼物。

在圣诞夜（12月24日），他们通常把长袜挂在床上或在壁炉旁。

他们希望在夜间圣诞老人会从烟囱下来给他们小礼物，他们通常不失望！
【课文词汇全解】
语音
词汇
1. vary改变
vary with sth. 随…而改变
例句：
The menu varies with the season.
菜单随季节变化而改变。

2. trip旅行（会回到出发地）
travel （泛指“旅游”,指具体旅行时用复数形式），journey （一般指长途旅行, 旅途），
voyage 和 journey 相似，通常指海上、航空旅行
例句：
an uncomfortable journey in a crowed train
在一个拥挤的火车上有一段不舒服的旅行。

3. celebrate庆祝
be celebrated with 以…来庆祝
例句：
How do you celebrate New Year?
你们怎么庆祝新年？
4. decorate 装饰
decorate with sth. 装饰（不可数）
例句：
They decorated the room with balloons for the party.
他们用气球装饰房间，为晚会作准备。

5. gather聚集（人或事物聚集起来）
gather books 把书集中在一起 gather stamps
例句：
The teacher gathered the pupils round her.
老师把学生聚集在她周围。

6. follow 跟随，遵照，听懂
as follows 如下 following adj.以下的
例句：
He followed the directions.
他遵照了指示.
7. leave让…继续处于某种状态
leave sb./sth. + 现在分词
leave sb./sth. + 过去分词
leave sb./sth. + 形容词
leave sb./sth. + 介词
例句：
Don?t leave the door unlocked.
别不锁门。

8. off（因病，假日等原因）不工作/学习
off work/ school 不上学/不工作
例句：
He is off work now.
他现在不工作.
【课文句型讲解】
1. It usually falls in March or April.它通常恰逢在3月或4月下旬。

fall on 天/in 月，年：恰逢…，在…
例句：
My birthday is falls in July.
我的生日恰逢在七月。

2. Many traditions are connected with Christmas.许多传统与圣诞节联系在一起。

be connected with 与…有关，有联系
例句：
There are many traditions that are connected with Christmas.
有很多与圣诞有关的传统。

3. hope that从句希望......
hope for sth. 希望得到
例句：
They hope that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and bring them sm all presents.
他们希望在夜间圣诞老人会从烟囱下来给他们小礼物。

【语法专项讲解】
精讲精析
定语从句中的关系副词
关系副词（在句中作状语）
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which（先行词一般是reason）
Where=in/ at/ on/ ... which （介词同先行词搭配）
When=during/ on/ in/ ... which （介词同先行词搭配）
某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when ,where 和why 互换。

where = in/at + which when=in/on/at/during + which
why = for which
whose=of which/whom+the+物/人=the+物/人+of which/whom
例如：
1. This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
这是我两年前住过的房子。

=This is the house where I lived two years ago.
2. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
=Do you remember the day when you joined our club？
3.This is the reason why he came late.
=This is the reason for which he came late.
【高考链接】
1.（2013年浙江）The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what
B. all of which
C. all of them
D. all of whom
【答案】D
【解析】介词of后用whom指代着前面的children。

解题思路：1.数谓语，句子中有两个谓语，需要连词，排除C；2.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句，排除A；3.先行词是人，排除B，选择D。

2.（2013年新课标）
When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying.
A. what
B. when
C. where
D. which
【答案】C
【解析】空处之后是一个定语从句，解题关键就是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。

这个句子中，先行词是house，在定语从句中，做地点状语，即：I would be staying in the house，所以要用关系副词where。

3.（2013年天津）We have launched another man－made satellite，
________ is announced in today's newspaper.
A. that
B. which
C．who
D．what
【答案】B
【解析】本句中which指代的就是前面整句话的内容，即我们又发射了一颗人造卫星这件事，可翻译成“这一点”。

课外拓展
英语强调句的七种方式
1. 用助动词do来强调
当句子中没有其他的助动词时，我们可以在动词前使用助动词do
表示对该动词的强调。

如：Do be careful with that vase! 务必小心那个花瓶!
I do hope you’ll stay for lunch.我真的希望你留下吃午饭。

用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化，但其后的动词要用原形。

如：
He does look tired. 他确实显得很疲倦。

He did come but soon went back. 他的确来过，但很快就回去了。

She did write to say thank you. 她的确写信向你道谢了。

注意，这样用的do只用于现在时或过去式（即只有do, does, did 这样的形式），不能用于进
行时、完成时等形式（如不用于is doing, has done等）。

2. 用某些形容词来强调
英语中用于强调的形容词比较多，比如那些表示“极端”和“完全”概念的形容词通常就可以用于表示强调，这类形容词主要的有：mere 仅仅的 very 极端的
outright 完全的 thorough 十足的
plain 完全的 complete 彻底的
pure 完全的 perfect 全然的
Jim looked a perfect fool. 吉姆看起来像一个十足的傻瓜。

At that very moment the phone rang. 正好在那个时候电话铃响了。

We gave the room a thorough cleaning. 我们把房间彻底打扫了一番。

3. 用某些副词来强调
英语中有不少副词可以用于表示强调，比如only就是其中的一个。

如：
You may put the meeting off only when it is absolutely necessary. 你们可以把会议推迟，但只是在绝对必要时才能这样做。

单元总结
1.英国的节假日holidays and festivals in the United Kingdom
2.去海边游玩enjoy a trip to the seaside
3.观看激动人心的体育比赛 watch an exciting sports game
4.纪念这个日子observe the day
5.用彩灯装饰be decorated with coloured lights
6.在圣诞节的早晨on the morning of Christmas Day
7.去做礼拜go to church
8.庆祝耶稣的诞生celebrate the birth of Christ
9.拆礼物open the gifts
10.收看女王出现在电视上watch the Queen appear on television
11.发表传统的圣诞贺词deliver a traditional Christmas message
12.坐下来吃大餐sit down to a big dinner
13.与……有关be connected with =be related to
14.在平安夜on Christmas Eve
15.把袜子挂在火炉边leave a long stocking hanging by the fireplace
16.对……失望be disappointed at/about/with
17.放几个星期的假have several weeks off
18.这是访友或看球赛的时间This is time to visit friends or watch football.
19.National Day 国庆节Easter复活节
20.the Dragon Boat Festival 龙舟节/端午节
21.the Spring Festival 春节
22.the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
23.fall in March在三月
24.fall on December 25 在12月25号
25.vary from person to person 因人而异vary from country to county 各个国家都有变化
26.vary in size（color）在大小（颜色）方面有所不同
27.vary with seasons 随着季节变化（不同）
28.a variety of 各种各样的
29.Bank Holiday 银行假日
30.be on holiday = be on vacation = be on leave 度假
31.major in 主修
32.in bright colors 用明亮的颜色
33.过着多姿多彩的生活lead a colorful life
34.round off the meeting使这个会议圆满结束
35.sit down to one’s breakfast 坐下来开始吃
开始看电视sit down to watching TV
盼望你的答复look forward to your reply;
习惯于早起become used to getting up early;
属于一家大公司belong to a big company;
注意社交礼仪pay attention to social manners.
36.deliver/make/give a message/speech 做一个演讲
37.celebrate the birth of Christ 庆祝基督的诞生
38.observe the death of Christ 纪念基督的死亡
39.go to church 去做礼拜go to the church 去那个教堂
/doc/d412420630.html
e down the chimney 沿着烟囱下来
41.have several weeks off school for Christmas学校放几个星期的假过圣诞节
42.be interested in 对……感兴趣=take an interest in
43.To my disappointment 让我失望的是
44.provide sb. with sth.=provide sth for sb 提供给某人某物
单元测试
一、选择题
1. I found _____ impossible to keep silent about what had happened to me.
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. these
2. —Our English teacher is so great!
—_____, especially his oral English.
A. I couldn’t agree more
B. That’s all right
C. I’m not sure about it
D. I don’t agree with you
3. I am _____ to hear the _____ news that my brother has passed the driving test.
A. delighted; delight
B. delighted; delightful
C. delightful; delighting
D. delightful; delighted
4. —Please give me a call when you get home and let me know you are safe.
—_____.
A. I can
B. I will
C. I should
D. I am going to
5. I still remember ______ to the south where we attempted _____ the river, which proved to be dangerous.
A. to be take; crossing
B. to be taken; to cross
C. being taken; crossing
D. being taken; to cross
6. You should visit your parents _____, even when you are very
busy.
A. by and by
B. more or less
C. step by step
D. now and then
7. Vincent van Gogh’s paintings were at last _____ as works of genius.
A. practiced
B. recognized
C. realized
D. promised
8. _____ you have the chance to study, you’d better make full use of your time.
A. Even if
B. Now that
C. In case
D. So that
9. I’m glad to learn that his attitude _____ this plan is similar _____ mine.
A. to; in
B. towards; as
C. to; to
D. about; with
10. —What’s made Mr. Grey so sad?
—_____ three tickets to the pop art exhibition.
A. Losing
B. Lost
C. Because of losing
D. As he lost
二、完形填空
Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.
Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, “I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!”
1. A. no B. some C. much D. enough
2. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard
3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for
4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said “No.”
5. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot
6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work
7. A. should B. would C. to D. not to
8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach
9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate
10. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing
三、阅读理解
（A）
Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates.
Li Wen, a student from No.2 High School, could not follow his teachers in class and, therefore,
was doing badly in his lessons. He was in such low spirits for a long time that he started to cut his finger with a knife.
Another student, 16-year-old Yang Fang from No.1 High School, was afraid of exams. Even though she was well prepared for an exam, when she looked at the exam paper, she couldn’t think of anything to write.
A recent survey from Jiefang Daily says about 18% of Shanghai teenagers have mental problems. Their troubles include being anxious and very unhappy, and having problems in learning and getting on with people.
Liang Yuezhu, an expert on teenagers from Beijing Friendship Hospital has the following advice for teenagers: Talk to your parents or teachers often.
Take part in group activities and play sports.
Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell.
1.The students who often become worried or have trouble getting on with others may have ______.
A. physical problems
B. mental problems
C. fights with their classmates
D. arguments with their parents
2.Li Wen cut his finger with a knife because ______.
A. he was afraid of his teacher
B. he was so worried about his studies
C. he wanted to frighten his parents
D. there was something wrong with his finger
3. Liang Yuezhu’s advice tells us that ______.
A. it’s necessary for the students to be with experts
B. only group activities and sports can help the students
C. it’s better for th e students who have mental problems to join others
D. teachers and parents can’t do anything about the students’ mental problems
（B）
I was riding my special motorbike this past weekend and stopped at a store. As I was getting my wheelchair off the back, a man watched me from his car and I noticed a wheelchair in his back seat. We spoke for a moment and I asked him about the wheelchair. He answered that it was for his daughter. “Well, do you think she would like to go for a ride on my motorbike with me?” I a sked. He seemed shocked that a total stranger would ask him this. He thought about it for a second and said, “OK, as long as I can follow you.”
He introduced me to Amy and he sat her on my back seat. Her father followed me for a few miles and she talked non-stop about what she wanted for Christmas.
As we came back to the store she said, “This ride is the best Christmas present I could ever receive.
I have been in a wheelchair my whole life and didn’t know I could do this.”Then she turned to him and said, “O h Daddy, I’m going to be OK. Mr. Bryant does all kinds of things —and I will, too.” Her father hugged me and said, “I was sitting here praying for a gift for Amy that would encourage her. She often felt that her life was dull compared to other children. God answered my prayer（祷告）just now. Now I pray that God will bless you for your gift to Amy today.” Being kind and thoughtful to others, we can be an answer to prayer.
1.How did the father feel at first when the author invited his daughter for a ride?
A. Anxious.
B. Embarrassed.
C. Surprised.
D. Moved.
2.What can we know about the author?
A. He was a disabled man.
B. He usually drove too fast.
C. He worked in a store.
D. He often helped people in trouble.
3.According to the passage, the girl _____.
A. was not allowed to do some sports
B. used to be a completely healthy person
C. was unwillingly to communicate with a stranger
D. usually felt sad about life because of her disability
4.What did the author’s gift refer to according to the girl’s father?
A. The motorbike.
B. The wheelchair.
C. The ride.
D. The prayer.
四、书面表达
为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。

假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。

信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。

请用英文给该同学写一封回信。

内容要点如下：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。

注意：
1．词数120左右；
2．信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；
3．信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：temper n. 脾气，情绪
Hi Worried，
I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a had time at the moment.
Yours,
Jamie
参考答案
一、
1.【答案】A
【解析】句意当出事的时候，我发现保持平静是不可能的。

考查find用法，find it adj for sb to do ，it 做形式宾语，真正宾语是to do ,所以选A项。

2.【答案】A
【解析】句意我们的英语老师太好了！我也同意，尤其是她的口语。

否定词与比较级连用表达最高级。

根据下文提到especially his oral English ，尤其是她的口语，暗示赞同故选A 项。

3.【答案】B
【解析】句意我很高兴听到我哥哥通过驾照考试的这个令人高兴的消息。

形容人高兴时用delighted. delighting用来修饰物，故选B 项。

4.【答案】B
【解析】句意当你回到家给我打个电话，让我知道你平安到家。

我会的。

Will表示意志、意愿You will come, won't you? 你会来的是不是？
5.【答案】D
【解析】句意我仍然记得被带到南方，我们试图穿过一条很危险的河。

Remember doing ,记得做某事，being done,被动，attempt to do 试图做某事，故选D项。

6.【答案】D
【解析】A 不久以后B 或多或少C 逐渐的D时不时。

句意你应时不时去看看你的父母，尤其当你很忙的时候。

根据句意选D项
7.【答案】B
【解析】句意凡高的画被认为是天才的作品。

Recongnize ..as ,把。

当作，考查这个短语的被动语态，故选B项。

8.【答案】B
【解析】句意既然你有机会学习，你最好利用好你的时间。

根据下文提到you’d better make full use of your time，指既然有机会，故选B项。

9.【答案】C
【解析】句意我高兴知道他对这个计划的态度与我相同。

Attitude to ..对于。

的态度。

Be similar to 与。

类似。

所以选C 项。

10.【答案】A
【解析】句意什么让格蕾先生如此生气。

丢了艺术展览的三张票。

根据上文提到What’s made Mr. Grey so sad，什么让他如此生气。

故缺少主语，动名词做主语，故选A项。

1.【答案】A
【解析】查理家境贫困，父母没有钱资助他上学，故选no。

2.【答案】B
【解析】根据下文，查理不负众望，说明他聪明好学，故选clever。

3.【答案】A
【解析】查理学习刻苦，并顺利完成了学业，说明他各门功课成绩较好，故选did well in。

D选项介词用错，正确词组为was good at。

4.【答案】C
【解析】根据下文查理娶了金先生女儿为妻并精心呵护她，说明查理同意了金先生的请求，故选agreed。

5.【答案】D
【解析】根据下文妻子胖得不能走路，说明她食物吃得多。

此外食物为不可数名词，因此只能用a lot of来修饰。

6.【答案】C
【解析】心脏不好，应去医院检查，下文指出为她检查的正是医生，故选hospital。

7.【答案】D
【解析】由于她的病是因营养过剩引起的，医生应让她不要吃肉，糖果之类的食物，故选not to。

8.【答案】B
【解析】她害怕忘了医生的指示，因此将其写在纸上，故选to forget。

9.【答案】B
【解析】与下文相对应，这里应填went out。

10.【答案】C
【解析】擅长烹饪的查理将菜买回之后，肯定要忙着为爱妻做饭，故cooking为正确答案。

三、
1.【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates，年轻人有心理问题，学习焦虑，与父母相处有困难，所以选B 项。

2.【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段Li Wen, a student from No.2 High School, could not follow his teachers in class and, therefore, was doing badly in his lessons，在学校里不能跟得上老师，因此功课很差。

故选B项。

3.【答案】C
【解析】根据文中提到三个建议Talk to your parents or teachers often. Take part in group activities and play sports. Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell，多跟父母交谈。

积极参与集体活动与体育运动。

如果不好的去看医生。

根据三条建议选C项。

（B）
1.【答案】C
【解析】根据第一段“Well, do you think she would like to go for a ride on my motorbike with me?” I as ked. He seemed shocked that a total stranger would ask him this，当我说让你女儿来试试时候，他对于一个陌生提到这样的要求感觉很震惊，故选C项。

2.【答案】A
【解析】根据第一段As I was getting my wheelchair off the back, a man watched me from his car and I noticed a wheelchair in his back seat，我把轮椅放回去，故得知作者是个残疾人。

所以选A项。

3.【答案】D
【解析】根据最后一段She often felt that her life was dull compared to other children.跟别人相比，她感觉自己的生活十分呆滞无趣，故选D项。

4.【答案】C
【解析】根据文中第二段提到He introduced me to Amy and he sat her on my back seat. Her father followed me for a few miles and she talked non-stop about what she wanted for Christmas.，他做在我的后座上，她一直在谈论这个圣诞节礼物，故选C项。

四、【答案】Hi Worried,
I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry much. The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you’ll regret. Here are three useful tips:
First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and play team games with your ftiends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. And third, remain optimistic about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope you'll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.
Yours,
Jamie。