英语选修Ⅶ牛津译林版Unit2名师复习课件2(共46张)

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4．because 从句与 because of 短语的转换 because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转 换。 He can't come because he is ill. / He can't come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。 I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife's being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。
二、原因状语从句(四大点) 1．引导原因状语从句的从属连词 主 要 的 有 because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)等。 The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗得不得法而缩水。 I can't get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。 Seeing that it's raining, we'd better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。 Now that you are here, you'd better stay. 你3/2既1/20然20 来了，最好还是留下吧(既来之，则安之)。
I am going to the lecture early so that I'll get a good seat. 我想早点去听演讲，以便找个好座位。 (so that 引导目的状语从句)
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I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat. 我去听演讲去得很早，所以找了个好座位。 (so that 引导结果状语从句) 另外，so that引导目的状语从句时有时可放在主句之前， 而引导状语结果从句时却不能。
Module7·Unit 2 Fit for life（2）
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状语从句(2)
一、让步状语从句(三大方面) 1．引导让步状语从句的从属连词 主要的有although, though, even though, even if等。 Although he is poor, he's still happy. 虽然他很穷，他仍然很快乐。 I will try it, though I may fail. 即使我可能失败， 我也要试一下。 We'll go even if it rains. 即使下雨我们也要去。
3．because 习惯上不与 so 连用 汉语习惯上说“因为……所以……”，但英语习惯上却 不能将so与because连用： 因为下雨，所以我们待在家里。 正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home. 误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.
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3．让步状语从句与倒装 引导倒装的让步状语从句通常用as和though，但是不 能用although。 Poor though I am, I can afford it. 我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起的。 Much as I like Paris, I couldn't live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。 注意：as可以在以上这样的倒装结构中引出让步状语， 但若不倒装，则不能用as，而与之相反，although在不 倒装的结构中可引导让步状语，但在倒装的结构中却 不3可/21/2以020用。
Come whenever you like. 你爱什么时候来就什么时候来。
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2．whatever, however 等ever词用法说明 这些词的用法应注意以下几点： (1)它们均可引导让步状语从句，意为“无论……” Whatever you say, I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。
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三、结果状语从句(五个方面) 1．引导结果状语从句的从属连词 主要的有so that, so…that…， such…that…等。 He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他学习用功，所以考试通过了。 注意：so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中) 可省略： I am so busy I have no time to write a letter. 我很忙，连写信的时间都没有。 There was such a lot of rain (that) we couldn't go out. 雨3/2那1/20么20 大，我们没法出去。
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注意：(1)用when 和while引导让步状语从句。不要认 为when和while只引导时间状语从句，其实它们也可引 导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”或“虽然”。
She stopped when she ought to have continued. 尽管她应该继续下去，她却停住了。 While I understand what you say, I can't agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。
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(2)用whether…or…引导让步状语从句： I'll do it whether you like it or not. 不管你是否喜欢，我都要做。
Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 不论我们帮助他与否， 他都将失败。 (3) 用 whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引导让步状语从句： He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。
(2)它们引导让步状语从句时，通常可换成no matter… o matter what you say, I believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。 No matter when you come, you are welcome. 你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。 No matter how much he eats, he never gets fat. 无论他吃多少， 他都不发胖。
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(2)形式上的区别：引导目的状语从句之前不用逗号(说 话时也不停顿)，而结果状语从句之前则通常有逗号(说话 时常有停顿)；有时引导结果状语从句时其前也可以没有 逗号，此时可看从句中是否有 can / could, may / might, will /would 以及should等情态动词，如果没有，则多半是 结果状语从句。
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此时的so…that…结构可与such…that…结构转换： It's such an interesting film that we all want to see it. 这电影很有趣，我们都想看。 It's so interesting a film that we all want to see it. 这电影很有趣，我们都想看。 注意：在much, many, little, few这4个词前总是用so而不 用such。 He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了许多跤，结果全身都是伤。 He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family. 他3/2赚1/20的20 钱很少几乎不能养家糊口。
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(5)whenever有时可引导时间状语从句，wherever 有时 可引导地点状语从句
Whenever we see him we speak to him. 每次见到他，我们都和他说话。 They teach wherever their pupils are working. 学生在哪里工作，教师就在哪里上课。
2．so…that…与 such…that…的用法比较 从用法上看，so后应接形容词或副词，而such后接名词 (参见以上例句)。但有时“so＋形容词”后还可接一个名词， 且这个名词总是带不定冠词的单数可数名词(不能是复数 名词或不可数名词)。 正：He is so clever a child that we all like him. 这小孩很聪明，我们都喜欢他。 正：They are such clever children that we all like them. 这些孩子很聪明，我们都很喜欢。 误：They are so clever children that we all like them.
Whoever telephones, tell them I'm out. 不管是谁打电话，都说我出去了。
Whenever you come, you are welcome. 你什么时候来，我们都欢迎。
Wherever he goes, I'll go. 不3/21管/202他0 去哪里，我也去。
2．关于not…because…结构 该结构中的否定词有时否定主句，有时否定从句，一般 要根据句子的意思作出正确或合乎逻辑的理解。若not否 定主句，最好在because之前用逗号，否则会引起歧义， 如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释： I didn't go because I was afraid. 我没有去是因为怕。/ 我不是因为怕才去。 不过若because之前有just修饰，一般认为not 是否定从 句的。 You shouldn't get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你3/2不1/20要20 因为有人说你坏话而生气。
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(3)注意however用于以下两类句型结构： ① however＋主语＋谓语 However you travel, it'll take you at least three days. 不管你怎么走，至少要3天。 However you come, be sure to come early. 不管你怎么来，一定要早来。 ②however＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语 However cold it is, she always goes swimming. 不管天多冷，她都会去游泳。
3．结果状语从句与不定式短语的转换 由so that和so…that引导的结果状语从句有时可与表结果 的so as to和so…as to引出的不定式短语转换。 He arrived late so that he missed the train. ⇒He arrived late so as to miss the train. 他到得很迟，结果未赶上火车。 4．so that引导目的状语和结果状语的区别 (1)含义上的区别：引导目的状语从句时表示的是一种 意欲或可能性，引导结果状语从句时表示的是一种事实。
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有时该结构中的主语和谓语可以有所省略： He was of some help, however small. 他总能帮些忙，不管多小的忙。 I refuse, however favorable the condition. 不管条件多好，我都不接受。 (4)有时从句谓语可用情态动词 I'll find him, wherever he is (may be). 无论他在哪里，我都要找到他。 Keep calm, whatever happens (may happen). 无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。