201918-19 Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去完成时教育精品.ppt
Unit3SectionⅢGrammar——过去完成时及其被动语态
Unit3SectionⅢGrammar——过去完成时及其被动语态Section ⅢGrammar——过去完成时及其被动语态一、定义[合作探究]—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?——你们找到安的家有困难吗？—Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. ——算不上难。
她已经给了我们她家的具体的位置，我们能够容易地找到它。
By the end of 2017, he had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.到2017年底，他已经收集了1 000多枚外国邮票。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.我在车站等了20分钟才来了辆公交车。
[自主发现1]①过去完成时的构成：had__done②表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生的动作，通常简称为“过去的过去”。
句中常有by, by the end of等介词(短语)和by the time, before, when, until 等引导的状语从句。
③过去完成时表示发生在过去某个动作或时刻之前的动作一直延续到过去的另一个时间，常与for,__since等词连用。
图示为：二、固定句型中的过去完成时[合作探究]I had hardly stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.我一踏入教室的门，铃就响了。
No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.我刚到家就开始下雨了。
It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
高中英语外研版必修3Module 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar — 过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语
Section_ⅢGrammar—_过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语语法图解探究发现①By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700had been injured.②By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.③Coghlan traveled back to Canada — after he had been buried in Texas!④She says, “Tom was very kind.”→She says that Tom was very kind.⑤He asked, “Will you go to the party？”→He asked whether/if I would go to the party.⑥She asked me, “When do they have their dinner？”→She asked me when they had their dinner.⑦The teacher said，“About 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.”→The teacher said that about 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.[我的发现](1)②句采用了过去完成时，其构成形式为：主语＋had_done。
(2)①③句采用了过去完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：主语＋had_been_done。
(3)④～⑦句均为直接引语变间接引语的句子，在变间接引语时，人称、时态、语序等方面都要做相应的变化。
18-19 Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去完成时
18-19 Unit 3 Section ⅢGrammar——过去完成时Section ⅢGrammar——过去完成时[语境自主领悟]先观察原句后自主领悟①By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.②I returned the book that I had borrowed.③Upon their entering the tomb，Cater's lucky pet bird，which he had left in Cairo，was swallowed by a snake.④Then，a few months after Carter had opened the tomb，Lord Carnarvon，who was also present when the tomb was opened，fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt.⑤He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.⑥I had been at school for half all hour when Li Lei came. 1.过去完成时的构成：had＋过去分词。
2.过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”如句①②③④。
3.过去完成时可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻，如句⑤⑥。
一、过去完成时的构成过去完成时由“had＋过去分词”构成。
二、过去完成时的用法1．过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态。
可以用by，before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可通过上下文来表示。
When the explorer hurried to the destination，the others had already left.当这名探险者匆忙赶到目的地的时候，其他人已经离开了。
Unit3 Section A 3a~Grammar Focus语法知识点人教版八年级下册英语
Unit3 Section A 3a~Grammar知识点一、常见词组at least至少at most 至多throw down 扔下，扔掉Come over 过来，顺便过来sit down 坐下stand up 站起来walk 动词：行走，步行，遛（狗）；名词：步行、散步walk the dog = take the dog for a walk 遛狗take a walk = go for a walk散步，走一走help out with sth 在某方面帮助解决问题in surprise惊讶的Carry 拿~，扛~ ，提~，搬运~ in need 迫切需要，在困难中go back = be back 返回come back 回来shout back大声回应Clean 动词：打扫~ ；形容词：干净的tidy 动词：整理~ ；形容词：整洁的What’s up ? 怎么了？发生什么事情了？（常用来打招呼）What’s up with sb ? 某人近来怎么了？（常用来打招呼）二、as soon as = the minute 一…就…My mother came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. = As soon as I sat down in front of the TV，my mother came over.我一坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就走了进来。
My mother came over the minute I sat down in front of the TV. = The minute I sat down in front of the TV，my mother came over.我一坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就走了进来。
三、as …as…像~ 一样否定：not as ~as 或not so ~as 不如~，不像~一样Eg、He is as tall as Bob. 他像Bob一样高。
Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去完成时及其被动语态
Section ⅢGrammar——过去完成时及其被动语态一、定义[合作探究]—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?——你们找到安的家有困难吗？—Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. ——算不上难。
她已经给了我们她家的具体的位置，我们能够容易地找到它。
By the end of 2017, he had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.到2017年底，他已经收集了1 000多枚外国邮票。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.我在车站等了20分钟才来了辆公交车。
[自主发现1]①过去完成时的构成：had__done②表示在过去某个时间或动作之前就已经发生的动作，通常简称为“过去的过去”。
句中常有by, by the end of等介词(短语)和by the time, before, when, until 等引导的状语从句。
③过去完成时表示发生在过去某个动作或时刻之前的动作一直延续到过去的另一个时间，常与for,__since等词连用。
图示为：二、固定句型中的过去完成时[合作探究]I had hardly stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.我一踏入教室的门，铃就响了。
No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.我刚到家就开始下雨了。
It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
18-19 Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar——被动语态
18-19 Unit 3 Section ⅢGrammar——被动语态二、被动语态的基本构成形式被动语态的基本结构是：“助动词be/get＋及物动词的过去分词”。
被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，以动词take为例，其常见时态的被动形式如下表：一般现在时am/is/are taken 一般过去时was/were taken现在进行时am/is/arebeing taken过去进行时was/werebeing taken现在完成时have/hasbeen taken过去完成时had beentaken一般将来时will/shallbe taken过去将来时would/shouldbe takenThe disabled are respected in our country.残疾人在我们国家受到尊敬。
Tom's legs were badly injured in an accident last year.在去年的一次事故中，汤姆的双腿严重受伤。
A presentation will be given on the new products.将会有一场关于新产品的介绍会。
Besides，many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.此外，大量的海洋生物正被捕捞船赶尽杀绝。
The advantages and disadvantages of this machine were being discussed when I went into the meeting room.当我走进会议室的时候，这台机器的优缺点正在被讨论。
The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.那个消息一到就会被传达给那个士兵的妈妈。
Over the years several similar theories have been put forward.几年来已经有好几个类似理论相继被提出。
18-19 Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar——现在进行时
Section ⅢGrammar——现在进行时[语境自主领悟]一、现在进行时的基本用法1．现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的尚未完成的动作或状态。
What are you doing now，Bob?鲍勃，你在干什么？Look！What are they watching?看，他们正在看什么？2．现在进行时表示目前这段时间正在进行的动作。
现在进行时可表示目前这段时间正在进行，但此时此刻未必正在进行的动作。
George is working on a new book about stories in schools.乔治在写一本关于校园故事的新书。
3．现在进行时与always，constantly，all the time等副词(短语)连用时，可表反复性、一贯性动作，常用来表示赞扬、生气、不满、厌恶等感情色彩。
He is always asking for money.他老是要钱。
She is constantly changing her mind.她总是改变主意。
[即时演练1]①我们正在等你。
We are waiting(wait) for you.②格林先生在写另一部小说。
(说话时可能并未在写)Mr.Green is writing (write) another novel.③他总是先想着别人。
He is constantly thinking(think) of others first.二、现在进行时表示将来的用法1．动词come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return等的现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。
这种用法比较生动，给人一种期待感。
它常表示最近或较近的将来会发生的动作。
They are coming here this afternoon.他们今天下午来这儿。
When are you leaving?你们什么时候动身？2．除上述动词外，还有一些动词也可用现在进行时表示将来。
2019年英语新同步浙江专用选修八讲义：Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar —过去分
姓名，年级：时间：Section_ⅢGrammar —过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语语法图解探究发现①The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes。
②I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat and the ice。
cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool。
③The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish。
④The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel。
⑤Everybody was shocked at the news.⑥The lost time can never be found again。
⑦The story written by a middle school student is popular in schools.⑧If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others。
［我的发现]（1）句①②③⑥⑦中的过去分词(短语)在句中作定语。
(2)句②⑥中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句①③⑦中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面.（3)句⑤中的过去分词shocked作表语.(4)句④⑧中的过去分词accepted和respected在句中作宾语补足语，与其所修饰的中心词new ideas， yourself之间构成被动关系。
18-19 Module 5 Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去分词作状语和短语动词
悟
语
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
法
应
Given(＝If we were given)more time，we could do it better.
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实
法
如果给我们更多时间的话，我们可以做得更好。
精
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点
[名师点津]
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此句中的 given 在许多语法书中作为介词处理。
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老师进入教室，后面跟着一群学生。
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(6)作方式状语，如有连词 as if，就转换为 as if 引导的方式状语从句；也可
悟 以转换为并列结构。
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应
He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.
用 落
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＝He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.
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(2)过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语必须保持一致，请体会下列例句：
领
悟
①Asked why she was late，her face went red.(×)
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②Asked why she was late，she went red in the face.(√)
用 落
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①If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×)
其否定形式通常是在分词前加 not。
⑥The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
18-19 Module 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar——复习动词时态(1)
Section Ⅲ Grammar——复习动词时态(1)[语境自主领悟]一、一般现在时1．表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，sometimes，usually等连用。
He often gets up at six in the morning.他经常早上6点起床。
2．表示客观事实或普遍真理。
As we know，light travels faster than sound.众所周知，光比声音传播得快。
3．在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。
As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow，we'll have a trip on schedule.只要明天不下雨，我们就按原计划旅行。
4．常用来表示按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，只限于表示起止的动词如go，come，arrive，leave，start，fly，return等。
The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.足球实况转播今晚9点钟开始。
[即时训练1]完成句子①If he accepts_the_job(接受这项工作)，he will have more chances to prove his ability.②As is known to all，the earth goes_around_the_sun(绕着太阳转) all the time.【导学号：71812019】③Look at the time table.Hurry up！Flight 4026 takes_off(起飞) at 18：20.二、现在进行时1．表示说话时正在进行或现阶段正在进行的动作。
201918-19 Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar——定语从句(Ⅲ)和反意疑问句教育精品.ppt
As is announced in today's newspapers，we must improve our style of work.
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正如今天的报纸上说的，我们必须改进工作作风。(as 引导非限制性定语 从句，代指后句 we must improve our style of work) Einstein，as we know，is a famous scientist. 众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。(as 引导非限制性定语从句，
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语) 他办公室有 9 个职员，其中最年轻的是刘先生。 The earth goes around the sun，as we all know.(宾语) 众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。
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[名师点津] (1)在非限制性定语从句中不能用 that 来代指人或物， 而应当用 who/whom 指人，用 which 指物。指人和指物的关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语
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语) 他们经常谈到的那个小王下个月要去美国了。
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There are many high buildings along the river，where there used to stand rows of trees.(地点状语) 沿河有很多的高楼，过去那儿是成排的树。 In his office there are nine clerks，the youngest of whom is Mr.Liu.(介词宾
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7．过去完成时和一般过去时的区别 (1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态， 而过去完成时则表示在 过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态，即“过去的过去” 。当强调
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过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时，常用过去完成时。 We had reached the station before ten o'clock. 10 点钟之前我们已到达了车站。
一、过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由“had＋过去分词”构成。 二、过去完成时的用法
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1． 过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态。 可以用 by， before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表 示，还可通过上下文来表示。
When I woke up，it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已停了。
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[名师点津] before，after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本 身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句多 用一般过去时。
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[即时演练 5]
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(1)句型转换 ①I had hardly seen her when I got off the bus. →Hardly had I seen her when I got off the bus. ②He had no sooner arrived than she went away.
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4．过去完成时常常用在 told，said，knew，heard，thought 等动词后的宾 语从句(或间接引语)中， 这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
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He said that he had known her well. 他说他对她很熟悉。
(2)It was＋一段时间＋since 从句(从句用过去完成时) It was at least three months since I had left Beijing. 我离开北京至少有 3 个月了。
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(3)It was the first/second/...time＋(that)从句(从句用过去完成时) It was the first time that I had chatted online in English. 那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
②The play had started
③By the end of June they had treated
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2．表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态， 常和 for，since 构成的时间状语连用。
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He told us that he had done the scientific research for 5 years. 他告诉我们他做科学研究已经 5 年了。
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6．过去完成时的常用固定句型 (1)主语＋had hardly/scarcely(no sooner)＋过去分词＋when/than 从句(从句 用一般过去时)；当 hardly，scarcely，no sooner 表示否定意义的词位于句首时， 主句要倒装。
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[即时演练 3] 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①He told me that his team had already won (win)． ②She said that she hadn't gone (not go)to the Great Wall yet.
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5．在状语从句中，在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过 去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。常由 when，before，after，as soon as， till/until 引导。
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When the explorer hurried to the destination，the others had already left. 当这名探险者匆忙赶到目的地的时候，其他人已经离开了。 By nine o'clock last night，we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚 9 点钟，我们已经收到 200 张飞船发来的图片。
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[即时演练 6] 完成句子 ①他来这儿之前在一所中学教英语。 He had taught English in a middle school before he came here.
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②他回到家，突然意识到他把钥匙落在车上了。 He got home and suddenly realized he had left his key in the car.
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3．动词 think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend 等用过去完成时来表示过 去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 I had never thought that you were content to help me.
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[即时演练 1] 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①I had finished (finish)my homework before supper was ready. (start)when we got to the theatre. (treat)over 10，000 patients.
后自主领悟 1.过去完成时的构成：had＋ 过去分词。 2.过去完成时表示在过去某 一时刻或动作以前已经完成 了的动作，即“过去的过 去”如句①②③④。 3.过去完成时可以指过去的 动作延续到过去的某个时 刻，如句⑤⑥。
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→No sooner had he arrived
than she went away.
(2)用所给动词的适当形式填空 ③It is the second time that I have visited (visit)China.
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④It was the first time I had gone (go)abroad.
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(4)主句(过去完成时)＋by the time...(一般过去时) We had got everything ready by the time they arrived. 在他们到达之前，我们已经做好一切准备了。
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(5)句子(过去完成时)＋by the end of...(表示过去的时间) By the end of last term，we had learned English at least for four years. 到上个学期末，我们至少已经学了四年英语。
didn't go to bed until she had finished
her work.
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②读完那本有趣的小说之后，我就上床睡觉了。 I went to bed after I finished reading the interesting ot long before he came back safe and sound.
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After he arrived in England，he worked hard to improve his English. 他到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。
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[即时演练 4] 完成句子 ①她直到把工作做完才睡觉。 She
Unit 3 Amazing people Section Ⅲ Grammar——过去完成时
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先观察原句 ①By the 1920s， he had become an explorer， searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. ②I returned the book that I had borrowed. ③Upon their entering the tomb， Cater's lucky pet bird， which he had left in Cairo，was swallowed by a snake. ④Then，a few months after Carter had opened the tomb，Lord Carnarvon，who was also present when the tomb was opened，fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt. ⑤He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. ⑥I had been at school for half all hour when Li Lei came.