大三下高级英语半期考试四篇课文答案汇总

The Tale of Albert Einstein’s “Greatest Blunder”

By Neil deGrasse Tyson

Consolidation Work

I. Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions provided, making some change when necessary.

1. transient

2. repulsive

3. embarrassed

4. seethe with

5. asserted

6. blunders

7. tantamount to

8. work out

9. elbow their way 10. permeated 11. Embedded 12. convincing 13. part and parcel 14. in effect 15. scrutiny

II. Use the appropriate form of the words given in the brackets to fill in the blanks.

1. elliptical

2. provocation

3. noticeably

4. predictive; predict

5. Cosmology; cosmologists

6. specialization

7. distorted

8. eternal

9. reconciliation 10. unassailable

III. Paraphrase the following sentences taken from the text.

1.It is Albert Einstein’s theory that has caused these ideas to appear in 20th-century

physics, and these ideas are equally difficult to understand.

2.Every few years, scientists who test phenomena with lab equipment make

experiments that are more and more accurate to test Albert Einstein’s theory of General Relativity, but they only turn out to go beyond the limits of its accuracy (turn out to increase its accuracy).

3.Most scientific models are only inadequate ones that are not well planned or

considered, and the factors or limits that these models establish can be slightly changed/altered to make these models match the universe that has been known to man.

4.From time to time in the past years, theorists would pick up again and reexamine

lambda which was more commonly known as the “cosmological constant”and had been rejected as one of the theories that were not believed to be true.

5.When physicists reused lambda and put it back in Einstein’s original equations for

general relativity, the actual universe that people knew agreed with the model universe that Einstein’s equations described (what the universe actually was agreed with what Einstein’s equations described it to be).

6.“Dark Energy” beat the other names and was adopted as the right term and this

term itself very well expresses our ignorance of what that energy is or what produces this energy.

7.Dark energy isn’t something that has got no theory to support it.

IV. Test your general knowledge.

1．For his work in theoretical physics, notably on the _____________, Einstein received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics.

A. general relativity

B. special relativity

C. photoelectric effect

D. cosmological constant

2. In 1916 he completed his mathematical formulation of a general theory of relativity that included ___________ as a determiner of the curvature of a space-time continuum.

A. gravitation

B. anti-gravitation

C. dark energy

D. cosmological constant

3. Which of the following statements about Albert Einstein is true? ___________

A. After Hitler’s rise to power, Einstein left Germany and worked from 1934 in

USA. On October 1, 1940, Einstein became an American citizen. He remained both an American and a Swiss citizen until his death on April 18, 1955.

B. In 1939, Einstein sent a letter to President Truman urging the study of nuclear

fission for military purposes, under fears that the Nazi government would be first to develop nuclear weapons.

C. In addition to the theory of relativity, Einstein is also known for his

contributions to the development of the atomic bomb.

D. Einstein spent the later part of his life attempting to establish a merger between

unified field theory and his general theory of relativity.

4. Which of the following statements is not the idea belonging to the big-bang theory?

____________

A. At the beginning of time, all of the matter and energy in the universe was

concentrated in a very dense state, from which it exploded, with the resulting expansion continuing until the present.

B. The big bang is dated between 10 and 20 billion years ago.

C. In the initial state, the universe was very hot and contained a thermal soup of

quarks, electrons, photons, and other elementary particles.

D. The universe has always expanded, with no beginning or end, at a uniform rate

and it always will expand and maintain a constant density.

5. Newton’s apple is a popular story claiming that Newton was inspired to formulate his ______________ by the fall of an apple from a tree.

A. laws of motion

B. theory of universal gravitation

C. conservation of momentum

D. development of calculus

6. The solar system comprises the Sun and the retinue of celestial objects

gravitationally bound to it: currently there are officially ___________ and their 165 known moons, as well as asteroids, meteoroids, planetoids, comets, and interplanetary dust.