商务英语名词解释考试重点笔记

商务英语名词解释考试重点笔记
Non -tariff barriers ：⾮关税壁垒 Durable equipment :耐⽤设备 Creditor country :债权国 Dual -Ministerial Meeting :双部长会议Board of directors ：董事会 European commission :欧盟委员会 The parent MNE :多国公司母公司 National economic welfare :国家经济利益 self -sufficient :⾃给⾃⾜的 The legal jurisdiction :法律管理范围 perfect competition :完全竞争 output per many -year of labor :⼈均年产量 Cost advantage ：成本优势 Production capability ：⽣产能⼒
Consumption preference ：消费偏好 Large -scale production ：⼤规模⽣产 Tariff barrier ：关税壁垒 Internationa l chamber of commerce :国际商会
Incoterms :国际贸易术语解释通则 Binding obligation :有约束⼒的义务 International trunk call :国际长途 Cross -border contract :进出⼝合同 Clearing system :清算系统；清算制度 Leverage : 杠杆作⽤Auction 拍卖 Trade credit account : 贸易信贷往来账户 Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀 Centrally planned economy :中央计
划经济 Net positions 实际⼨头
Counter trade 对销贸易、反向贸易 Cross -border contract 进出⼝合同 Protectionism 贸易保护注意
Clearing system 清算系统（制度） Compensation trade 补偿贸易
Trade credit accounts 贸易信贷往来账户Consignment 寄售
Processing trade 加⼯贸易
Centrally planned economies 中央计划经济国家Trade fair :交易会
competitive devaluation 竞争性贬值Leasing trade 租赁贸易
Securities market 有价证券市场 Stock Exchange 证券交易所
Foreign exchange market 外汇市场 Trade credit accounts 贸易信贷往来账户Poliy objective 政策⽬标 Foreign exchange shortages 外汇短缺Financial standing 财务状况= fin ancial status = financial strength Credit worthiness 资信可靠状况Periodic payments 分阶段付款
Reimburse 偿付Unit price 单价 Partial shipment 分批装运
The uniform customs and practice of documentary credits 跟单信⽤证统⼀惯例Open account 记账交易 The carrying vessel 载货船只 Non -trade settlement ⾮贸易结算 Leading /Prime/First rate 主要银⾏ A particular transaction ⼀笔特定的交易Capital turnover 资⾦周转 Documents 单据Consignee 收货⼈ Documentation 单据的制作或使⽤ Commission 佣⾦Consignor 托运⼈ Bill of lading 提（货）单 Notify party 到货通知⼈、被通知⼈ Airway bill 空运（提）单 Insurance policy 保险单（⼤保单） Insurance certificate 保险单（⼩保单） Cargo receipt 铁路运单、货运收据 Commercial invoice 商业发票: Customs
/Consular invoice 海关/领事发票Railway bill 收货单（铁路） Shipping advice 装船通知
Certificate of quality 品质证书
Certificate of weight 重量证书
Certificate of quantity 数量证书
Certificate of health 健康证书 Certificate of disinfection 消毒证书 Certificate of origin 产地证书 Veterinary certificate 兽医证书Port of shipment 发货港、装运港、起运港Packing list 装箱单
Finished products 制成品
Cost economies 节约成本成本节约 Intermediate products 中间产品、
成品Production approach Natural product province 领域Shipper 托运⼈= Consigner Inventory 存货、库存Broker Logistics 物流Transshipment 转运 Just -in -time inventory system 存Known premium 已知的保险费 Private carrier ⾃有承运⼈
Representative carriers 载⼯具Destination port :⽬的港
Transportation and freight tation 运输和货物运输: Consignee 收货⼈Voidable ⽆效的 Margin 保证⾦Client 客户，主顾Jeopardy 危险，风险Literature 说明书Underwriter 保险公司 Values exposed to loss 损失的价值Release of funds 腾出资⾦
Terms of sale 价格条件、买卖条款 All Risks 全险、⼀切险、综合险
Forwarding charges 转运费
Adversely affected 受到负⾯影响 Reserve currency 储备货币 Clean float 清洁浮动、⾃由浮动 Dirty float 肮脏浮动、管理浮动Idle funds 游资、热钱、闲置资⾦ Par value 平价（货币的票⾯价格）Foreign exchange control 外汇管制 Fixed exchange rate / Flexible hange rate 固定汇率/浮动汇率
Financial resources 资⾦Private or 私营经济Equity investment 投资Grace period 优惠期、宽限期 Capital infrastructure 基础建设资⾦Economic restructuring 整Investment returns 投资收益 Voting power 投票权Borrowing
power 借款权Gold tranche 额Gold reserve 黄⾦储备 Standby arrangement 安排Customer mobility 客户流动 Tax holiday 免税期Joint venture 资企业Jobber 股票买卖经纪⼈ The strategic alliance 战略联合Discount rate 贴现率 Securities 有价证券Pro rata 按⽐例Stock exchange 证券（股票）Secondary capital market 市场Great Depression ⼤萧条 Primary capital raising 初级/本市场Long -term capital 长期资本
Market floor =trading floor 厅Market maker 买和销售的公司
Listed market 挂牌证券交易市场
Gilt -edged stocks / securities 债券Cost -effective 划算的Public Sector Borrowing Re
quirement 公共部门借贷需求
Listed company / corporation 公司= the list company
The gilt -edged market 场The traded options market 交易市场Money market 货币市场
The foreign equities market 票市场Discount market 贴现市场
ecurities market 证券市场
Foreign exchange market 外汇市场
Escape clauses 免责条款、Non -discrimination principle (ple of non -discrimination t )⽆差别待遇New international onomic order 国际经济新秩序 Differential treatment 差别待遇 Preferential customs tariffs 特惠税 Transfer of technology 技术转让 Non -discriminate principle 则Tariff concession 关税减让 Contracting party 缔约国、缔约⽅ Tariff quota 关税限额制、关税配额Counter -veiling measures。