美国初高中必须掌握的一百单词

The100words
100 Words Almost Everyone Mixes Up or Mangles
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
Do you know the difference between phase and faze? If asked, would you be able to keep baleful and baneful straight? If not, don’t worry—you’re in good company. From homophones to homographs to misheard sayings, speakers of the English language must confront a number of tricky exceptions and frustrating pitfalls. The next time you want to use a clever turn of phrase, rest assured that you won’t have to wish it unsaid. Master some of the most common obstacles and avoid embarrassing missteps by taking your cue from 100 Words Almost Everyone Mixes Up or Mangles.
About the Book
At one time or another we抳e all suffered the embarrassment of having our remarks corrected by a family member, friend, colleague, or stranger. 100 Words Almost Everyone Mixes Up or Mangles presents fifty pairs of words that people have trouble getting right and keeping straight ?words that tend to get corrected when we抮e least expecting it.
These words include near-synonyms, which are words with subtle but important distinctions in meaning, like baleful and baneful, and effectual and efficacious. Other pairings bring together notorious sound-alikes, like faze (bother) and phase (stage), pour (put in fluid) and pore (read closely), and waive (forgo) and wave (say hello). 100 Words Almost Everyone Mixes Up or Mangles also addresses some classic spelling blunders and 搉onwords?that are often overlooked but should be treated with suspicion, such as beyond the pail, free reign, injust, and run the gambit.
Each word is followed by its definition and pronunciation, and most have etymologies explaining the word抯origin. The mix-ups themselves are described in engaging notes that provide clear solutions to help readers avoid making needless, uncomfortable gaffes in the future.
100 Words Almost Everyone Mixes Up or Mangles gives readers the opportunity to improve their conversation and their command of words and phrases that are often heard but rarely well expressed.
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words Almost Everyone Mixes Up or Mangles:
adherence adhesion adopted adoptive amend
baleful
baneful
beyond the pale
cache
cachet
condemn
congenital
contemn
contemptible
contemptuous
delegate
deprecate depreciate distinct distinctive emend energize enervate exceptionable exceptional expedient expeditious faze flounder founder
free rein gambit gamut
gibe
gotten
gybe
historic historical
hoard
horde
injustice
jibe1
jibe2
jibe3
jive
lend
load
loan
lode
majority
masterful
masterly
militate
mitigate
no holds barred
old
older
ordinance
ordnance
passed
past
peace
peremptory
phase
piece
plurality
pore
pour
practicable
practical
preemptive
rationale
rationalization
relegate
repress
restive
restless
shined
shone
sleight of hand
slew1
slew2
slew3
slough1
slough2
slue
suppress
tenant
tenet
throe
toe the line
unexceptionable
unexceptional
unjust
venal
venial
waive
wangle
wave
wrangle
100 Words Every Middle Schooler Should Know
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
To do well as they move on in their school careers, middle school students must become able readers and convincing writers. This book presents 100 words that students are sure to encounter in middle school. The words have dictionary definitions and are shown in quotations from books that students read in school and include on their lists of favorites. Many of the most distinguished and popular young-adult authors are quoted, from Lois Lowry and Jerry Spinelli to J.K. Rowling and Wilson Rawls. Students will see why these authors chose these words, and why knowing these words can make such a difference!
About the Book
Middle school presents students with new challenges as they make the leap from childhood to adolescence and prepare to step into a broader world. The subjects at school are more demanding, teachers have higher expectations, and homework multiplies.
One thing parents can do to help their kids negotiate this often-daunting transition is to equip them with a well-rounded and robust vocabulary. Knowing more sophisticated words梬hat they mean, how to spell and pronounce them梞akes reading easier and writing more expressive.
This book focuses on words that students are sure to encounter in the middle school grades. Each word has a dictionary definition and a pronunciation and appears in at
least one quotation. Authors quoted include young-adult favorites such as J. K. Rowling, Lois Lowry, Jerry Spinelli, and Gary Soto. Students will discover why these authors have chosen these words, and will see what a difference the right word can make.
If students are attentive and persistent in their reading, soon they will be writing with gusto and zeal!
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words Every Middle Schooler Should Know:
adversary apprehensive attentive barricade brackish circumference concoction contortion cunning defiance destination disdain dispel egregious emerge exasperation falter fragrance grueling habitation headway illuminate imperious jargon
jut knoll
malleable
meander
misgivings
monotonous
muster
obscure
outlandish
pertinent
precipice
pristine
recluse
replenish
restitution
scarcity
serenity
somber
stamina
swagger
tactic
translucent
unsightly
vigilant
waft
weather
aplomb
aptitude
banish
bluff
brandish
commotion
conspicuous
counter
debris
deft
diminish
dismal
eavesdrop
ember
engross
exhilarate
foresight
furtive
gusto
hasten
ignite
impending
jabber
jostle
kindle
luminous
materialize
meticulous
momentum
multitude
narrate
ominous
persistent
potential
pristine
quell
recuperate
repugnant
sabotage
scurry
sociable
specimen
subside
swarm
terse
uncanny
versatile
vulnerable
waver
zeal
100 Words for Foodies
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
Americans love talking about food almost as much as they love eating it, and to describe it, the English language serves up an impressive spread of fascinating words. Each entry has a definition and pronunciation. Some entries are enhanced with recipes, and others have word history notes that tell surprising back-stories. Hip and informative, 100 Words for Foodies is one delight you
won’t be able to resist. Take it to your next dinner party and you’ll see smiles all around.?
About the Book
Americans today relish foods from nearly all of the world抯 cultures, and perhaps no area of English vocabulary hails from such a wide array of languages as the words we use for the things we eat.
The 100 words in this book span the gamut of cooking and dining梖rom ingredients to preparation to serving. The words were selected for their interesting meanings, their delightful sounds, and their marvelous histories.
Seasoned with mouthwatering recipes and delectable notes that explain where the words come from, 100 Words for Foodies is the perfect gift for that food lover in your life.
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words for Foodies:
aioli
arrabbiata bacalao
beignet
biryani bruschetta cardamom chaat
chayote chipotle
cilantro
croque-monsieur deglaze edamame epazote
farci
Florentine
fufu
galangal
garam masala gazpacho gremolata hamantasch hoppin?John injera junket
kibbeh
lavash
lovage
madeleine
mezzaluna
mole
nacho
nuoc mam
pawpaw
piccata
polenta
poutine
quahog
rissole
roux
sancocho
soba
speck
tamale
teff
umami
wasabi
xanthan gum
yuca
amaranth
baba gannouj
bain-marie
bialy
blanch
bulgogi
ceviche
challah
chiffonade
choucroute
couscous
dahl
dim sum
emulsify
falafel
fenugreek
focaccia
gado gado
ganache
garlic
gravlax
haggis
hominy
induction cooking
julienne
kecap manis
kimchi
lingui鏰
macerate
mandoline
mezze
mouthfeel
nopal
orzo
pho
pierogi
ponzu
purslane
ramekin
rouille
salsa
shawarma
souvlaki
tagine
tatsoi
tomalley
vindaloo
waterzooi
yakitori
zabaglione
100 Words for Lovers
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
100 Words for Lovers provides both would-be and experienced lovers with the right words to get in the mood.?Words used by famous lovers and writers, such as amorous and alluring, beguiling and bewitching, show lovers showering attention, tortured by infatuation, star-crossed, and full of ardor. Illustrated by quotations from poetry, fiction, movie and television scripts, as well as private letters, 100 Words for Lovers will seduce even the most reluctant and coldhearted.?
About the Book
Spark the interest of that special someone as you share the intimacies and passion of 100 Words for Lovers.?Words used by famous lovers and writers, such as amorous and alluring, beguiling and bewitching, describe the most torrid affairs of the heart, the most tender of romantic feelings, the most intimate, vulnerable moments.?
Illustrated by quotations from poetry, fiction, movie and television scripts that show lovers showering attention, tortured by infatuation, star-crossed and full of ardor, 100 Words for Lovers will entrance anyone with the least inclination for romance.
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words for Lovers:
adore affection amorous assignation beloved bewitching bliss
buss canoodle charm clandestine companionship constant crush dalliance dishabille embrace enchant entreaty escort
fling
fluster heartthrob illicit infatuation intimate
jealousy
kiss
liaison
lurid
lustrous
palpitate
pine
randy
ravish
romance
sensual
smitten
spurn
succumb
sweetheart
sympathy
throb
torch
transfigure
trifle
tryst
vow
win
yearn
affair
alluring
ardor
attentions
besotted
billet-doux
blush
callipygian
caress
chaste
comely
conjugal
coy
cute
desire
ecstasy
enamor
entrance
erotic
flame
flirt
gallant
idolize
inamorata
inflame
intoxicating
jilt
languor
love
luscious
osculation
passion
pulchritude
rapturous
requite
seductive
serenade
soulmate
star-crossed
sultry
swoon
tenderness
titillate
torrid
transport
troth
voluptuous
wanton
woo
zaftig
100 Words Almost Everyone Mispronounces
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
The latest in the best-selling 100 Words?series settles the score on 100 controversies and misconceptions about words with difficult or slippery pronunciations. Each word is presented in dictionary format, with a note explaining the pronunciation problem, how it arose, and why it is controversial. Both fun and informative, this book will appeal to those who don’t want to be the center of attention for the wrong reason.
You can hear many of these words pronounced on this podcast.
About the Book
How should you pronounce shifty words of French origin, like cadre, forte, and debacle? And what about those daunting words from Greek, like chimera, machination, and gyro? Is it so wrong to pronounce nuclear as if it rhymes with molecular?
How you pronounce words can make a big difference—and often for the
worse. Most people have painful memories of having their pronunciation corrected at a business meeting or social event, when an effort to make a good impression has backfired. The newest title in the best-selling series, 100 Words Almost Everyone Mispronounces, presents 100 words that people are most likely to mispronounce, or have more than one way of being pronounced, and answers the question, Which way is the right way?
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words Almost Everyone Mispronounces:
acumen affluent antipodes babel boatswain cacophony Celtic chiaroscuro chimera claddagh coitus
conch
coup de grâce cumin debacle desultory Diaspora dour epitome
err flaccid
forte
genre
gyro
harass
hovel
jejune
kudos
loath
machination
marquis
mischievous
mores
niche
oblique
often
pastoral
piña colada
portentous
primer
puerile
quietus
respite
salve
sherbet
stigmata
timbre
Uranus
viscount
Xhosa
aegis
almond
asphalt
banal
cache
cadre
chaise longue
chicanery
chutzpah
coccyx
comptroller
concupiscence
covert
daiquiri
desuetude
detritus
divisive
elegiac
epoch
feng shui
forbade
geisha
gnocchi
Halley’s comet
hegemony
impious
kiln
lingerie
long-lived
maraschino
metastasize moot Neanderthal nuclear oeuvre pace
patina
plethora
potash
processes
quay
reprise
ribald
schism
sloth
strophe
triathlon
victual
wont
ye
100 Words to Make You Sound Great
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
A new addition to the best-selling 100 Words?series, this book showcases 100 words that some of our most important and beloved communicators have used to great effect in their efforts to make the world a better place. Informative entries and insightful quotations from people of many areas of human endeavor, past and present, work to make this volume a fascinating way to improve and reinforce a varied and versatile vocabulary.
About the Book
All great communicators know that the right word can make the difference between rousing and losing an audience, between sounding distinguished and sounding dull.
The latest title in the best-selling 100 Words series, 100 Words to Make You Sound Great, presents 100 words that have been put to effective use by presidential greats as well as famous scientists, economists, academics, figures of conscience, and even humorists. Tried and tested by movers and shakers such as Rachel Carson, Shirley Chisholm, Barry Goldwater, Al Gore, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Princess Diana, they work to get a point across with verve and effect. The quotations that bring these words to life—painstakingly culled from public speeches, widely read books and periodicals, and poignant private letters—are insightful, moving, and funny.
Tear through this book, and before you know it, you’ll feel an affinity for cosmopolitan communication, even if you’re a mere tyro when you start out. You’ll incorporate these words into everyday conversation without being dogmatic or pompous, and you’ll always have the right riposte if someone accuses you of being pusillanimous, amoral, or—heaven forbid—nefarious
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words to Make You Sound Great:
adamant affectation affinity allay amelioration amenable amoral assuage bauble beguile beset
bulwark
busybody
complacent
concomitant
consign
contend
cosmopolitan
culpable
depravity
derelict
dissimulate
dissipate
distill
dogmatic
elicit
epithet
espouse
expediency
forestall
furtive
galling
gloat
gratuitous
hallmark
happenstance
ignominious
imperturbable
ingratiate
innocuous
intemperate interpolate inure
jingoism juggernaut
ken
latent
legacy ludicrous mandate
maven mawkish modus operandi nefarious nicety nonchalance
obdurate
orthodoxy
palliate
patina
penury
pernicious
perpetuate
pittance
pompous
precipitate
prescience
profusion
propensity
pugnacity
pusillanimous
quip
rankle
reconciliation
resiliency
respite
riposte
sacrosanct
scapegoat
spurious
squander
supersede
surreptitious
tenacity
tenuous
travail
truculence
turpitude
tyro
unbridled
uncanny
urbane
velleity
venial
verbose
vexation
vista
wanton
wheedle
yammer
100 Words to Make You Sound Smart
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
A popular title in the 100 Words® series, this book is an informative and entertaining resource that can help anyone be right on the money when looking for words that will make a point, seal the deal, or just keep folks listening. Chosen by the editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries, these words will appeal to anyone who wants to be a more compelling communicator — as a worker, consumer, advocate, friend, dinner companion, or even as a romantic prospect.
About the Book
Did you know that brilliant communication is only 100 words away?
The editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries are pleased to present the newest title in the best-selling 100 Words series, 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart. Whether you need to ace an interview, give a speech at a wedding, attend a dinner party, or impress a date, just a quick browse through this book and you'll be on your way to sounding articulate, educated, and literate. 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart is the perfect resource for anyone who wants to sound sharp, sophisticated, and in the know.
A colorful variety of words have been chosen, including handy words of just one syllable (such as glib) and words derived from the names of famous people (such as Freudian slip and Machiavellian). There are expressions from popular culture (Catch-22) and words that date back to classical civilization (spartan and stoic). Each word is clearly defined and shown in context with quotations from magazines, books, newspapers, movies, TV shows, and speeches.
Below is a complete list of the words in 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart:
accolade acrimony angst
anomaly
antidote
avant-garde
baroque
bona fide
boondoggle bourgeois bravado brogue brusque byzantine cacophony camaraderie capricious carte blanche Catch-22 caustic charisma cloying
déjà vu dichotomy dilettante disheveled
élan
ennui epitome equanimity equivocate esoteric
euphemism
fait accompli
fastidious
faux pas
fiasco
finagle
Freudian slip
glib
gregarious
harbinger
hedonist
heresy
idiosyncratic
idyllic
indelicate
infinitesimal
insidious
junket
kitsch
litany
lurid
Machiavellian
malaise
malinger
mantra
maudlin
mercenary
minimalist
misnomer
narcissist
nirvana
non sequitur
nouveau riche
oblivion
ogle
ostentatious
ostracize
panacea
paradox
peevish
perfunctory
philistine
precocious
propriety
quid pro quo
quintessential
red herring
revel
rhetoric
scintillating
spartan
stigma
stoic
suave
Svengali
sycophant
teetotaler
tête-à-tête
tirade
tryst
ubiquitous
unrequited
untenable
vicarious
vile
waft
white elephant
zealous
100 Science Words Every College Graduate Should Know
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
The fifth title in the popular 100 Words® series provides a fascinating look at the vocabulary of science and technology. Explained in nonscientific language and accompanied by expansive explanations, the words come from a wide variety of scientific fields of study. Most entries have boxed features containing fun facts and details demonstrating the significance of the word in science and everyday life. This book is sure to delight and inspire anyone interested in science and technology.
About the Book
How do bats "see" in the dark? Why do ocean waves break parallel to the shore, no matter what direction they come from? What is the psychiatric disorder whereby people feign illness in order to gain medical attention? How do online stores keep credit card numbers secret from hackers?
The latest title in the best-selling 100 Words series, 100 Science Words Every College Graduate Should Know (Houghton Mifflin, April 5, 2006), provides simple answers to these and dozens of other questions about the fundamental concepts of science and technology.
Almost every day there are new facts and ideas discussed in the media about the
makeup of the universe, the roles genes play in disease, the dangers of sweeping environmental change, and countless other things. People who are unfamiliar with the key words of science may not be able to fathom the rapid advances and developments taking place around them — even when they hit close to home.
Are you up to the challenge? Find out by reading 100 Science Words Every College Graduate Should Know, by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries. A wide variety of new and established terms are discussed, including absolute zero, anaphylaxis, cryptography, echolocation, game theory, Kuiper belt, mitochondrion, Munchausen syndrome, quantum mechanics, and refraction. Each term is defined in clear, nontechnical language, with examples showing the importance of the word both in its field and in daily life.
This book will appeal not only to college graduates, but to anyone with an interest in scientific concepts and the latest breakthroughs in the news.
The following is the entire list of 100 words:
absolute zero agoraphobia
alga
algorithm
allele
alternating current amygdala anaphylaxis angiogenesis apoptosis
archaeon
artesian well
ATP
bandwidth
Beringia
big bang
black hole Brownian motion Cambrian Explosion capacitor
carbon sequestration centripetal force chemosynthesis cognitive dissonance complementarity cryptography cyanobacterium cyclone
dendrochronology
echolocation
endorphin
estivation
eutrophication
Fibonacci sequence
fission
fundamental force
game theory
genome
gluon
heliocentrism
histone
hominin
hypha
imaginary number
interferon
ischemia
isomer
junk DNA
krill
KT boundary
Kuiper
belt
kwashiorkor
logic gate
magnetosphere
megabyte
melanoma
mitochondrion
monotreme
monsoon
Munchausen syndrome
nanotube
Neanderthal
nosocomial infection
obligate
orbital
pahoehoe
Pavlovian
phenotype
pheromone
photoelectric
photon
piezoelectric effect
placebo
prion
prophylaxis
protein folding
protolanguage
quantum mechanics
radiometric dating
rain shadow
refraction
REM sleep retrovirus roentgenium sex sociobiology solar wind superposition telomere
teratogen
theory
tidal force
time dilation
Universal Time
urea
vestigial
wave function
xerophyte
yolk
zero
100 Words Every Word Lover Should Know
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
100 Words Every Word Lover Should Know is sure to please anyone who enjoys the variety and richness of American English. From aesthetic to zenith and chortle to lagniappe, the words herein have been specially chosen by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries for their unusual histories, interesting meanings, and appearance in literature.
About the Book
For the newest title in the best-selling 100 Words series, the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries have carefully selected 100 words sure to be appreciated by language lovers, word mavens, and anyone who enjoys the variety and richness of the English language.
100 Words Every Word Lover Should Know is the perfect book for people who enjoy reading about words that have absorbing histories, great sounds, surprising but useful meanings or that have been used by famous writers throughout the history of English— words like cruciverbalist, fusty, and humuhumunukunukuapuaa. Additionally, 100 Words Every Word Lover Should Know features scores of quotations from classical and contemporary authors, from Henry James and Jane Austen to Sylvia Plath and William Golding.
Here is a complete list of the words in 100 Words Every Word Lover Should Know:
aesthetic or esthetic alchemy
allegory
anachronism
anathema
bailiwick
beleaguered
bromide
cappuccino
caprice
caribou
chiasmus
chortle
coccyx crescendo
cruciverbalist
desultory
detritus
didjeridoo or
didgeridoo
ebullient
echelon
egregious
ephemeral
epicure
ersatz
facetious
fecundity
focaccia
fusty
gem黷lichkeit
glossolalia
gossamer
gravamen
halcyon
hiatus
humuhumunukunukuapua
a
iconoclast
insouciant
interloper
internecine
inveigle
jeremiad juxtaposition
koan
laconic
lagniappe leprechaun
litotes
lucubrate magnanimous maharajah or maharaja malapropism meretricious mesmerize
meticulous
milieu
mitochondrion nemesis
nictitate
nostrum
nudnik also nudnick obloquy
obstreperous
oxymoron
palaver
pejorative
precarious
prestidigitation
preternatural
quark
quixotic
redolent
repugnant
rubric
sang-froid or
sangfroid
sarcophagus
schwa
serendipity
sesquipedalian
shaman
sinecure
snakebit also
snakebitten
soporific
succotash
susurration
syzygy
tantalize
theory
timbre
troglodyte
ullage
umlaut
vicissitude
visceral
voluptuous
wassail
xerophyte
yogh
Zeitgeist
Zenith
Suggested Rules for the American Heritage® Team Spelling Bee
1. Teams shall consist of two or three members, one of whom will be designated captain and responsible for delivering the final spelling of the word.
2. The judge is in complete control of the spelling bee. His or her decision shall be final on all questions.
3. The Bee Master will pronounce the spelling word, read its definition, use it in a sentence (this is optional), and pronounce the word again. Once the Bee Master has completed the above, the team has forty-five seconds to talk and start to spell the word out loud.
4. Team members may confer as to the spelling of the word and may use pencil and paper to work it out, but the final spelling must be given by the team captain, unless he or she designates another teammate to answer.
5. Having started to spell a word, a team shall be given no opportunity to change a letter once it is pronounced out loud. Retracing is permitted, but the same letters once pronounced must be used in the same order.
6. No team shall be disqualified for failing to indicate a capital letter or pronunciation marks, such as hyphens or apostrophes.
7. Any team that fails to spell a word correctly must drop out of the contest and another word shall be given to the next team in line.
8. Any question relating to the spelling of a word must be referred to the judge immediately in writing. A team must make a protest before they receive their next word. When two teams remain, all protests must be made orally before the other team has started to spell the word given to them.
9. The procedure changes when the teams are reduced to two. As soon as one team misspells a word, the other team shall immediately be given an opportunity to spell it. If that team spells the word correctly, they shall be given another word. If that word is spelled correctly, they shall be declared the champions.
10. If one of the last two teams errs and the other team, after correcting the error, misspells the next word given to them, then the misspelled word shall be given to the first team for correction. If the first team corrects the error and spells the next word on the Bee Masters list correctly, they shall be declared the champion.
11. If both teams misspell the same word, both shall continue in the contest, and the team who misspelled the word first shall be given a new word.
12. All words are taken from lists compiled by American Heritage editors and can be found in The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, which is the official spell-check dictionary for the bee.
100 Words Almost Everyone Confuses and Misuses
by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionaries
The editors of the American Heritage?Dictionaries have selected one hundred of the most commonly confused and misused words in the English language as the basis for the third title in the popular 100 Words series. This common-sense guide to some of the most troublesome bugbears, pet peeves, and faux pas of written and spoken English features advice from the renowned American Heritage Usage Panel.
About the Book
As an autumn chill creeps into the air, students and teachers are gearing up for another school year. The must-have resource to keep kids, and adults, at the top of their class is 100 Words Almost Everyone Confuses and Misuses, the latest in the very successful 100 Words series. Anxiety about education and student performance are at the top of everyone's agenda — from politicians to parents — and this volume addresses those concerns seriously but with a playful approach. Knowing the subtle but important differences between words can make for more effective (not affective) and eloquent communication.
The following is the entire list of words almost everyone confuses and misuses:。