大学英语四级词汇语境学Lesson5(录音+文本)

tidy a．整洁的，整齐的 v．整理，收拾
Keeping the room tidy doesn't mean keeping things out of sight.
保持房间整洁并不意味着把东西放在看不见的地方。

No matter how messy my room usually is, I always tidy it up before guests arrive.
无论我的房间平时多么脏乱，我总会在客人到来之前把它收拾整齐。

order n. 次序；订购；治安；命令；整齐；汇票 vt. 命令；定购
An article can be written in chronological, spatial or logical order.
文章可以按时间、空间或逻辑顺序来写。

Take time to order your thoughts before you write an essay.
写文章前先花点时间整理一下你的思路。

In 1973, Nixon finally ordered that US troops withdraw from Vietnam.
1973年尼克松最终命令美国军队撤离越南。

clear a. 清楚的；晴朗的；畅通的 ad. (of)离开；清晰地
vt. 扫清；使清楚；证明…无罪；变晴
In seriously polluted cities, a clear blue sky is seldom seen.
在污染严重的城市里，人们很少能看到晴朗的蓝天。

Please clear the plates away ; we want some tea.
Please clear the table; we want some tea.
请把盘子撤走/请把桌上的东西清理掉，我们要点茶。

run v. 跑；运行；变成 n. 跑步；路程；运行；一连串
Today many people doubt if an MBA can really enable a person to run a successful business.
如今很多人怀疑工商管理硕士学位是否真让人有能力把企业办好。

Tears ran from her eyes when she saw the car run over her dog.
Her eyes ran with tears when she saw the car run over her dog.
当她看见那车子碾过她的狗时，眼泪夺眶而出。

appreciate vt．感激；欣赏，领会
I greatly appreciate your help / support.
非常感谢您的帮助/支持。

I'd appreciate it if you can financially support us.
您如能资助我们，我将不胜感激。

Can you fully appreciate foreign literature in translation?
看译本你能充分领会外国文学（的精髓）吗？
appeal vi．呼吁，恳求；申诉；(~ to)诉诸，求助；投合（兴趣或心意）
n．呼吁；申诉；吸引力
Environmentalists appeal to people to use less plastic bags.
环保人士呼吁人们少用塑料袋。

When you are in trouble, do you appeal to your friends or parents for help?
当你有麻烦的时候，你是求助于朋友还是父母？
Abstract paintings don't appeal to me much.
I don't have much appeal for abstract paintings.
抽象派画不怎么能引起我的兴趣。

我对抽象派画不怎么感兴趣。

apply vi．申请，请求；适用 vt．使用，运用；敷，涂
Have you applied to the management for the transfer?
你向管理层申请调动了吗？
New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process.
新技术正被运用到几乎每一个工业生产过程中。

application n．应用，适用；申请（表）
The application of new scientific discoveries
to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do.
把科学的新发明应用到工业生产上往往使工作更容易进行。

Please fill out this job application.
请填写这张就业申请表。

applicant n．申请人
Applicants for immigrant visas must pay an additional $75 charge.
移民签证申请者必须支付75美元额外收费。

applicable a．可应用的；适用的
Some rules and regulations for foreign-invested companies are not applicable to state-owned enterprises.
外企的一些规章制度不适用于国企。

approve vt. 同意，批准 vi. (~ of) 赞成，称许
Most people no longer approve of smoking in public places.
大多数人不再赞成在公共场所吸烟的行为。

China will approve more foreign insurers to sell policies in China.
中国将批准更多外资保险公司在中国售保单。

lead n. 铅 v. 领路；领导；（to）导致；领先 n. 领先，领导
All roads lead to Rome.
（谚）条条大道通罗马。

One careless move may lead to the loss of the entire game.
一着不慎，满盘皆输。

result n. 结果；成绩 vi. （in）导致；（from）起因于
Lack of sleep results in many diseases.
睡眠不足会引起许多疾病。

My poor eyesight resulted from working too much in front of the computer screen.
我的视力不好，是对着计算机屏幕工作的时间太长造成的。

step n. 步，脚步；步骤，措施；台阶，梯级
vi. 跨步，行走；（on）踩，踏上
Haste makes waste. You've got to do it step by step.
欲速则不达。

你得一步一步地干。

Will you step this way please?
请这边走。

stride vi．大踏步走 n．大步；步法，步态；［常pl．］进展，进步
The policemen strode along the road.
警察沿路大踏步行走。

The government has made great strides in reducing poverty.
政府在减轻贫困方面取得很大进展。

lie vi. 躺；平放；位于；(in, with) 在于；说谎 n. 谎话
Let sleeping dogs lie.
莫惹是非。

The cure for nerves lies in learning to relax.
消除精神紧张的方法在于学会放松。

progress n. 前进，进步 vi. 前进，进步
There must be no noise in the school while examinations are in progress.
考试正在进行的时候学校不得有噪音。

pace n. 步，步伐 vi. 踱步
The pace of change in our lives is becoming faster and faster.
Can you keep pace with the times？
我们生活的变化速度越来越快，你能跟上时代的脚步吗？
touch v. 触摸；感动；涉及
n. 接触，碰到；触觉；（完工前的）细小变动，润色；一点
Our discussion doesn't touch on politics.
我们的讨论不涉及政治话题。

There was a touch of irony in Mark Twain's works.
马克·吐温的作品带点讽刺意味。

bite v./n. 咬，叮
Once bitten, twice shy.
（谚）一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草绳。

This is delicious. Have a bite of it!
这味道好极了，尝一口吧！
sting v．刺，蜇，叮；刺痛，使痛苦；激怒
n. 刺痛；叮
If you hurt the bee, it will sting you.
如果你伤害蜜蜂，它就会蜇你。

The sting of jealousy is even worse than a bee sting.
嫉妒带来的刺痛比蜜蜂蜇伤的痛有过之而无不及。

stick n. 棍，棒，手杖 vt. 刺，戳，插；粘贴，粘住，钉住
vi. 被粘住，被钉住，卡住；留下，长久保留
The key stuck in the lock.
钥匙插在锁里拔不出来。

Reporters should stick to investigating the facts.
记者应当坚持调查事实真相。

Soot sticks to anything it touches.
油烟接触到什么东西都粘住不掉。

scratch v．抓，搔；刮擦，刻划
n. 抓，刮；抓痕，划痕
Scratching the rash will make it worse.
抓搔皮疹会使它更严重。

way n. 方法；路，路途，路线；方面，方向；
（常pl.）习俗，作风；状况，状态
ad. 远远地，非常
They thought we would give way to their demands because they are a superpower.
他们以为自己是超级大国，我们就会对他们的要求让步。

Overpopulation is in the way of the construction of a modern country.
人口过剩是国家现代化建设的绊脚石。

vain a. 无益的，徒劳的；自负的，虚荣的
Many actresses are vain about / of their looks.
许多女演员对自己的外貌颇为自负。

I tried in vain to change my parents' attitude towards my girlfriend.
I tried to change my parents' attitude towards my girlfriend, but in vain.
我试图改变父母对我女友的态度，但是徒劳。

effect n. 结果；效力，影响；（pl.）个人财物
vt. 实现，使生效
Plato's teachings had quite an effect on Aristotle.
柏拉图的学说对亚里斯多德有极大的影响。

loss n. 遗失；损失；失败
They were at a loss what to do next when they were told that their company had made big losses this year.
他们得知公司今年出现巨额亏损时，对于下一步该怎么办感到很茫然。

lose v. 失去；迷失；输；（钟、表）走慢
It's not unusual to feel rather lost when you first start college.
在刚开始读大学时感到颇为困惑是再正常不过了。

withdraw v. 收回，撤销；取（钱）；缩回，退出
It's more convenient to withdraw money from an ATM than from the bank.
在柜员机取钱比到银行取要方便。

debate v． / n．争论，辩论
We will debate about (＝have a debate on) the advantages and disadvantages of college
students' doing part-time jobs next week.
我们下周将对大学生做兼职的利与弊进行辩论。

The tradition of unlimited debate in the United States Senate is very strong.
美国参议院里那种无边无际的辩论的传统意识十分强烈。

consult vt．请教，与……商量；查阅
vi．交换意见，商议
When you feel sad and don't want to trouble your friends, you can consult a psychiatrist.
在你悲伤又不想去麻烦朋友的时候，可以咨询一下精神科医生。

Consult your dictionary when unsure of your spelling.
对拼写无把握时就要查阅词典。

dispute n．争论，争执
v. 争论；对……表示异议
In many Western countries, there has been much dispute (=people have been disputing) over the question of legalized abortion.
在许多西方国家，堕胎合法化问题引起了许多争论
（人们一直在争论堕胎合法化的问题）。

lack v./n. 缺乏
An unaccredited school in the U.S. may close for lack of funds.
在美国，没有达到国家教育质量标准的学校可能会由于资金不足而停办。

Extroverts tend to lack self-discipline while introverts lack courage.
性格外向的人往往缺乏自我约束力，而内向的人则缺乏勇气。

leak vi. / vt.（泄）漏
n. 漏洞，裂缝；泄露
The waters around the Persian Gulf were seriously polluted because of the leaking of crude oil.
由于原油泄漏，波斯湾附近的水域受到严重污染。

A gas leak can result in a fire.
煤气泄漏可能会引起火灾。

The principal of St. Andrews University warned the students that they could be expelled if they leak stories about Prince William to the media.
圣安德鲁斯大学校长警告学生不得向传媒透露有关英国威廉王子的事情，否则可能被逐出校门。

omit vt. 省略，删节；疏忽，忽略
In headlines the verb "be" is often omitted in order to save space.
为节省空间，(书刊、报纸的)大字标题中，(英语的)"be"动词通常被省略掉。

spot n．斑点，污点；地点，场所 vt．玷污，弄脏；发现，认出
This detergent can clean off the ink spots on your shirt.
这种洗洁液能洗掉你衬衫上的墨水渍。

The green fields were spotted with yellow flowers.
绿色的田野点缀着黄花。

point n. 尖端；点，小数点；要点；分数；条款
v. （at, to）指向，指明
What is the point of discussing this issue further? Please get to the point.
再讨论这问题有什么意义呢？请进入主题吧。

track n. 小路；跑道；（铁路）轨道；踪迹 vt. 跟踪，追踪
After graduation we find it difficult to keep track of our old friends.
毕业以后我们发现很难与朋友保持联系。

Police sometimes use military dogs to track criminals.
警察有时用军犬来追踪罪犯。

trace vt．查出；追溯，找出根源 n．踪迹，痕迹；微量
I can't trace the file you want on disk C.
我在C盘查找不到你要的文件。

Some people's fear of marriage can be traced back to their parents' divorce.
一些人对婚姻的恐惧可以追溯到他们父母的离异。