2023年牛津译林版八年级英语下册unit3现在完成时语法知识点讲解习题

unit3 现在完成时语法知识点讲解习题
一现在完成时的构成:主语+ have/has + 过去分词(过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。

)
( )1.I Enghish in this school since 1999
(A)taught (B)have taught (C)tea (D)would teach
( )2.Kate her grand mother's photo before
(A)haven't seen (B)have seen (C)see (D)hasn't seen
( )3. Mary you these days.
(A)Has,seen (B)Do,see (C)Did,see (D)Is,seeing
( )4.so far ,we thousands of Building in Quanzhou
(A)build (B)have build (C)build (D)will build
二、否定式:主语+ haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词?
简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven’t/hasn’t.(否定)
( )1.—Have you finished your work? —.
(A).Yes,I have. (B)Yes,I do. (C)Yes,I am. (D)Yes,I did.
( )2.—Has she ever learned English? —
(A)Yes, she has. (B)Yes, she does. (C)No, she doesn’t (D)No, she has
三现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与never/ever，just，already/yet，before。

等连用。

这些标志词可以表达这种含义
1．already“已经”，用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。

2．yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末
3．just意为“刚刚”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间
4．ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间
5．never “从来没有”常与before连用
6．before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。

( )1.—Have you travelled on the train. —Yes, I have.
(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet
( )2.——Have you finished your homework ——Not .
(A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just
( )3. We haven't finished our homework .
(A)already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never
( )4.—Have you learned English? —Yes, I've learned a lot.
(A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever, already (D)already. ever
( )5.—Have you finished your homework ? —Yes, I've done that
(A)yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just
( )6.John's father borrowed some pictures
(A)have already (B)has just (C)have ever (D)has yet
四、现在完成时含义之二表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

常与for, since, how long,, these days等连用。

⑴Since+过去点的时间或从句表示过去的动作
Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.
He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.
⑵for+一段时间（for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段）。

此划线部分用how long 提问。

A）用since和for填空
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month
4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock
7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children
10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here
B）用since和for填空
1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.
2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.
3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.
4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.
5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.
C）选择填空
( )1.I've been like this ever snice
(A)last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week
( )2.My mother has worked in this factory 2 years.
(A)about (B)for (C)in (D)since
( )3. I haven't heard from him last week.
(A)since (B) for (C)ago (D)before
( )4.His father joined the party_________
(A)for three years (B)since three years ago
(C)three years ago (D)in two years' time
( )5.He moved here in 1999,and he has been here .
(A)at that time (B)for five years ago
(C)since four years (D)for four years
( )6.Tom has been away from home about five days ago.
(A)\ (B)in (C)since (D)for
五、句式：主句（现在完成时）＋since+ 从句（一般过去时）
( )1.she English in our school ever since she here.
(A)has taught, come (B)taught ,came
(C)has taught, has come (D)teaches, has come
( )2.OurEnghish teacher in our school since he to C hina.
(A)has taught .. come (B)taught,…come
(C)has taught, has .. come (D)teaches, has …come
( )3.She in Taizhou since she born in 1980
(A)has lived, has been (B)has lived, was
(C)lived, has been (D)lived, was
六、句式：It’s ＋一段时间＋since从句（用一般过去时）
( )1.It’s ten years since she .
(A)has left (B)has been away (C)left (D)leave
( )2. It’s three years since he the army .
(A)has joined (B)has been in (C)join (D)joined
七、have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法
⑴have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。

▲此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm
have been here (there) / abroad
⑵have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。

可与just, ever, never等连用，
Have you ever been to Hangzhou?
▲have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次：
I have been to Beijing three times.
⑶have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。

总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。

----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop.。

A）用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。

1)Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
2)David ________ the park just now.
3)John _______ England since he came back.
4)How long _____ have _____ this village?
5)The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
6)_____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7)I _____ this school since three years ago.
8)Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.
B）选择填空
( )1.Mrs whites isn't here, she London, she there many times
(A)has been to , went (B)has gone to , has been
(C)went to, has gone (D)has been to , has gone
( )2.She has__________ to Beijing twice .
(A)gone (B) got (C)been (D)come
( )3.—where your father , Li Lei? —To Beijing
(A)have, been (B)has, been (C)have, gone (D)has, gone
( )4.Mr Green isn't in the office , He to the library
(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go
( )5.Mr smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week
(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone
( )6.They_ China for two years
(A)have been to (B)have been in(C)have gone to (D)have come to
八、现在完成时的反意疑问句【have（n’t）/has（n’t）＋代词】
( )1.Jim's been to the Great wall before , he?
(A)isn't (B)wasn't (C)hasn't (D)doesn't
( )2.She's never been to England, she?
(A)has (B)hasn't (C)isn't (D)is
九、How long与现在完成时
( )1.--___ have you been here? -- Since last year
(A)How far (B)How long (C)How often (D)How soon
( )2.___________has Hanmei been in the library.
(A)How long (B)How soon (C)How far (D)How often
( )3.How long ___he___the library book .
(A)has, borrow (B)has, kept (C)has, bought (D)did, buy
十、短暂性转换延续性
现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

此时常与“for ＋一段时间或“since ＋过去的点时间或从句（从句用一般过去时），over these years, in the past years, 以及so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。

（肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词）：
我买这辆自行车三年了。

误：I have bought this bike for three years．
正：I have had this bike for three years
1. buy→have
2. borrow / lend→keep
3. arrive / reach /get to /→be in /at
4. leave→be away（from）
5. join→be in / be a member of
6. die→be dead
7. get married→be married 8. come / go→be in /at
9.begin / start→be on 10. stop/finish / end→be over
11. move →be in /at 12. open→be open
13. close→be closed 14. lose→be lost
15. become→be 16. get up→be up
17. fall asleep→be asleep 18. fall ill→be ill
19. get to know→know 20. go out →be out
21. receive / get a letter→have a letter 22. catch / get a cold→have a cold
23. begin to study→study 24.turn …on/off →be…on/ off
25.make friends→be friends 26. become interested in→be interested in
27 go to school→be in school / be a student
28. return / come back / get back/go back→be back
29. join the army→be in the army /be a soldier
（1）He came to our village two years ago.=He our village since two years ago. （2）He left home three days ago=He home for 3 days.
（3）I bought the watch 2 weeks ago=I the watch since 2 weeks ago.
（4）It is 5 days since I borrowed the book=I the book for 5 days.
（5）The film has begun= The film for half an hour.
（6）I got to know him 10 years ago=I him for 10 years.
（7）There is a factory=There a factory for 20 years.
（8）Our school opened in 1960=Our school since 1960.
C）选择填空
( )1.—How long can I this book? —Two weeks
(A)borrow (B)keep (C)lend (D)return
( )2.Her father in 1990 and her huand for more than five years
(A)died ,dead (B)has died, dead (C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died
( )3.I have this nice watch for two years
(A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend
( )4.He his home for ten years
(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from
( )5.He a league member for three years
(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become
( )6.Lihua's brother has for two years
(A)joined the army (B)been an army (C)become a soldier (D)been in the army
( )7.He hasn't Quanzhou ever since he left school
(A)left (B)been away (C)been (D)away
十一、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
⑴现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。

试比较：
The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。

（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）
The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。

（强调动作发生的时间在过去）
⑵When常与一般过去时连用，How long常与与现在完成时连用
When did you come to Beijing? / How long have you been in Beijing?
( )1. —Have you finshed your homework —Yes, I it last night
(A)finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish
( )2.—you ever to Nanjing —Yes, I there last year.
(A)Have…gone, have gone (B)Have…been , went
(C)Did…go, went (D)Did…go, has , been
( )3.—When you Lucy in New York? —I here for two years
(A)di d…meet, haven't seen (B)did…meet, haven't seen
(C)did…meet, don't see (D)would…meet, ha dn't seen
( )4.-when_ you to Beijing? How long you here?
(A)have…come , have…been (B)did…come , have…been
(C)did…come , did…go (D)did…come , have …gone。