新编英语教程1_unit_8
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(1) 12 October 1492 was the day when / on which Columbus landed in America.
(2) A kitchenette is a small room where / in which people cook their meals.
从句分类
名词性从句（nominal clauses): 主语从句， 宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
定语从句/关系从句（attributive clauses / relative clauses）: 限制性定语从句，非限制 性定语从句
状语从句（adverbial clauses): 时间，地点， 原因，结果，目的，方式，条件，让步， 比较
（3）在介词后的引导词只能用which，不能用 that；
e.g. Just choose the subject in which you are most interested.
（4）在非限制性关系从句中，只能用which为 引导词，不能用that。
e.g. The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames.
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5. That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. which have been shown this year C. that has been shown this year D. which has been shown this year
(The relative clause introduced by who as the subject，
who引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的主语）
4. What’s the name of the young man who/m he introduced to us last week?
5. (The relative clause introduced by who/m as the
LSP Language Points
1. cooker: a utensil for cooking, 炊具 2. apparatus: equipment, 仪器，设备 3. be used for …: 被用于… 4. peeler: a device for peeling vegetables or fruits,
4. the way后省略了连接词, 原句应为：I like the way in which / that she spoke. the way在 从句中表示“方式”，上句the way she spoke表示“说话的方式”。再如：
5. That was the way (in which / that) she worked the problem out.
句子成分分析
I love you. （主谓宾）
Mr Wang, my History teacher at university, is
主
同位语
谓
a learned man. 表（定语）
I heard him sing in the next room last night. 主 谓 宾 补 地点状语 时间状语
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
11. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what
1. What he does contradicts what he says. 2. The fact is that you are lying. 3. The news that our team got the champion
excited everyone present.
状语从句联系词
3. This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
9. Li Ming, ______to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D. I went with him
10. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
12. I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
13. This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
1. 12 October 1492 was the day __________ Columbus landed in America.
2. A kitchenette is a small room _________ people cook their meals.
4. Is that the reason __________ we have tests and quizzes all the time?
object，who/m引导关系从句，并作为该关系从 句的宾语。)
在关系从句中，如果先行词是“人”，则引导 词为who（作从句主语或宾语），whom（作 从句宾语），或that（作从句主语或宾语）。
要注意的是，虽然who比whom的用处更广泛， 但如果引导词前是一个介词，则引导词必须 为whom，如：
14. He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A. that B. which C. for which D. who
15. I have two dictionaries, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of them D. both of which
She is the teacher who / whom we talked about.
She is the teacher about whom we talked.
在关系从句中，如果先行词是“物”，则引导词为 that或which，两者均可作从句的主语或宾语。它 们的区别在于：
（1）如果先行词有all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, none, little等不定代词，则只能 用that，不能用which；
6. 那就是他解决问题的方式。
1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2. Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
(4) Is that the reason why / for which we have tests and quizzes all the time?
关系副词
被替代的先行词 在从句中的作用
When (= at / in / 表示时间的名词 时间状语 on / during which)
Where (= in / at 表示地点的名词 地点状语
which)
Why (= for which) reason
原因状语
遇到先行词为地点或时间的名词，要看该先行词在 从句中充当状语还是主语或宾语，如果充当状语， 则从句可由where / when引出；如果充当宾语，则 从句不可由where / when引出，而仍应该由which 引出。如：
The man is said to come from a town which nobody knew.
7. Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked
8. I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
1. when / while / as / as soon as … 2. where / wherever … 3. because / since / for … 4. so that / in order that … 5. so … that … / such … that … 6. as if / as though 7. if / in case that / lest / as long as … 8. though / although / even if / even though … 9. … than …
Language Structures
1. Look up the word in a dictionary that gives definitions in English.
2. (The relative clause introduced by that as the
subject，that引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句 的主语)
e.g. I have read all the magazines that I bought last week.
（2）如果先行词被形容词最高级或first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰，则只能用that， 不能用which；
e.g. It is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.
I don’t remember the day that you mentioned.
This is the place ______ I lived 3 three years ago.
This is the place ______ you visited last time, right?
3. I like the way she s that you borrowed from me?
3. (The relative clause introduced by that as the
object，that引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的 宾语）
3. I’d like to see the gentleman who came from Germany yesterday.
(2) A kitchenette is a small room where / in which people cook their meals.
从句分类
名词性从句（nominal clauses): 主语从句， 宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
定语从句/关系从句（attributive clauses / relative clauses）: 限制性定语从句，非限制 性定语从句
状语从句（adverbial clauses): 时间，地点， 原因，结果，目的，方式，条件，让步， 比较
（3）在介词后的引导词只能用which，不能用 that；
e.g. Just choose the subject in which you are most interested.
（4）在非限制性关系从句中，只能用which为 引导词，不能用that。
e.g. The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames.
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5. That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. which have been shown this year C. that has been shown this year D. which has been shown this year
(The relative clause introduced by who as the subject，
who引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的主语）
4. What’s the name of the young man who/m he introduced to us last week?
5. (The relative clause introduced by who/m as the
LSP Language Points
1. cooker: a utensil for cooking, 炊具 2. apparatus: equipment, 仪器，设备 3. be used for …: 被用于… 4. peeler: a device for peeling vegetables or fruits,
4. the way后省略了连接词, 原句应为：I like the way in which / that she spoke. the way在 从句中表示“方式”，上句the way she spoke表示“说话的方式”。再如：
5. That was the way (in which / that) she worked the problem out.
句子成分分析
I love you. （主谓宾）
Mr Wang, my History teacher at university, is
主
同位语
谓
a learned man. 表（定语）
I heard him sing in the next room last night. 主 谓 宾 补 地点状语 时间状语
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
11. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______ Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what
1. What he does contradicts what he says. 2. The fact is that you are lying. 3. The news that our team got the champion
excited everyone present.
状语从句联系词
3. This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
9. Li Ming, ______to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D. I went with him
10. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
12. I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
13. This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
1. 12 October 1492 was the day __________ Columbus landed in America.
2. A kitchenette is a small room _________ people cook their meals.
4. Is that the reason __________ we have tests and quizzes all the time?
object，who/m引导关系从句，并作为该关系从 句的宾语。)
在关系从句中，如果先行词是“人”，则引导 词为who（作从句主语或宾语），whom（作 从句宾语），或that（作从句主语或宾语）。
要注意的是，虽然who比whom的用处更广泛， 但如果引导词前是一个介词，则引导词必须 为whom，如：
14. He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A. that B. which C. for which D. who
15. I have two dictionaries, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of them D. both of which
She is the teacher who / whom we talked about.
She is the teacher about whom we talked.
在关系从句中，如果先行词是“物”，则引导词为 that或which，两者均可作从句的主语或宾语。它 们的区别在于：
（1）如果先行词有all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, none, little等不定代词，则只能 用that，不能用which；
6. 那就是他解决问题的方式。
1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
2. Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
(4) Is that the reason why / for which we have tests and quizzes all the time?
关系副词
被替代的先行词 在从句中的作用
When (= at / in / 表示时间的名词 时间状语 on / during which)
Where (= in / at 表示地点的名词 地点状语
which)
Why (= for which) reason
原因状语
遇到先行词为地点或时间的名词，要看该先行词在 从句中充当状语还是主语或宾语，如果充当状语， 则从句可由where / when引出；如果充当宾语，则 从句不可由where / when引出，而仍应该由which 引出。如：
The man is said to come from a town which nobody knew.
7. Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked
8. I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
1. when / while / as / as soon as … 2. where / wherever … 3. because / since / for … 4. so that / in order that … 5. so … that … / such … that … 6. as if / as though 7. if / in case that / lest / as long as … 8. though / although / even if / even though … 9. … than …
Language Structures
1. Look up the word in a dictionary that gives definitions in English.
2. (The relative clause introduced by that as the
subject，that引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句 的主语)
e.g. I have read all the magazines that I bought last week.
（2）如果先行词被形容词最高级或first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰，则只能用that， 不能用which；
e.g. It is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.
I don’t remember the day that you mentioned.
This is the place ______ I lived 3 three years ago.
This is the place ______ you visited last time, right?
3. I like the way she s that you borrowed from me?
3. (The relative clause introduced by that as the
object，that引导关系从句，并作为该关系从句的 宾语）
3. I’d like to see the gentleman who came from Germany yesterday.