新概念英语第二册笔记-第38课

新概念英语第二册笔记-第38课
Why did Harrison sell his house so quickly?
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for man y years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no so oner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. Almost im mediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it wa s still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After s o many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had n ever lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harr ison had thought of everything except the weather.
参考译文
我的老朋友哈里森在回到英国往常曾多年居住在地中海地区。

过去他常幻想退休后到英国，并打算在乡间安排下来。

他刚一回到英国便买下了一幢房子住了到里面去。

但紧接着他就开始埋怨那儿的天气了。

因为即使那时仍为夏季，但雨总是下个不停，而且常常冷得厉害。

在阳光下生活了那么多年的哈里森对此感到惊奇。

他的举动就看起来他从未在英国生活过一样。

最后，他再也忍耐不住，还没等安排下来就卖掉了房子，离开了那个国家。

他多年来的幻想从此破灭。

哈里森把每件情况都考虑到了，唯独没想到天气。

【New words and expressions】（6）
一．单词讲解
except prep．除了，除了…外
eg. Except a broken chair, the room has no furniture.
除了一把破椅子，这间房子里什么也没有。

（chair与furniture性质相同）
except for
eg. Except for a broken chair, the room is empty.
除了一把破椅子外，这间房子是空的。

except for没有“所指项目类别”的限制
except that
eg. I know nothing about his career except that he is a graduate of Oxford University.
除了他是牛津大学毕业生之外，我对他的职业一无所知。

apart from
1)除…之外（别无）
eg. Apart from a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher.
除了一些小毛病外，他是一个值得信任的老师。

2)除…之外（尚有）
eg. Apart from the cost, the dress doesn't suit me.
除了价格外，那个衣服也不适合我。

but prep. 除…之外( 与no, nobody, all, anywhere等连用）
eg. Nobody knew her name but me.
除了我之外，没人明白她的名字。

They were all there on time but the chairman.
除了主席外，其余人都按时到了。

but 强调未被排除的其他事物（人）
except强调所排除之外（事物）
Mediterranean adj. /n.
n．地中海
the Mediterranean/the Mediterranean Sea
adj.地中海的，地中海沿岸的，内陆的
Mediterranean climate 地中海气候（内陆气候）
complain V．
1)（常做贬义）埋怨，投诉，发牢骚
complain to sb about sth 对某人埋怨某事
complain to sb at sth 对某人埋怨某事
complain about the terrible weather埋怨那个恶劣的天气
eg. You are always complaining about your fate!
你总是埋怨命运！
What was the weather like on your holiday?
你度假的时候天气如何样n阿？
I can' t complain.
/It was as good as could except.
It couldn’t be better.
不能埋怨／就像所能预料的那样好。

／好的不能再好了。

complain of...诉说（病，痛等）
complain of a toothache牙疼
2)（正式地）投诉
eg. We complained to the police about the noise from the e bar.洒吧问噪音人人，我们向警方投诉。

complaint n.
1)[u]埋怨，埋怨，不满
侈fj: You have no reason for complaint.
你没什么理由好埋怨的。

2)[C]中诉，控诉
侈C : They are full of complaints about their labor conditions.关于劳动条件他们牢骚一大堆。

continually adv。

频繁地，多次地，反复地
例：工am continually losing things．我一再地遗遗失东西He was continually late for work．他一再地迟到
比较: They chattered continuously for an hour.
他们整整唠叨一小时了。

continuously连续不断地，不间断地
continue v.
1)连续，连续（用于不中断的连续或中断后的连续）
列:The rain continued till late at night.
雨一直连续到半夜。

The discussion continued after a break.
休息一会后讨论连续。

continue doing /continue to do sth连续做某事
eg. How can you continue to work with so much noise毛e?有这么大噪音，你如何能连续工作呢？
How can you continue working with so much noise?
有这么大噪音，你如何能连续工作呢？
2)连续存在或不断发生
continue十adj.
例：The weather continued cold．天气依旧专门冷
to be continued 未完待续：下期续刊
continual. adj.
1) …再重复的
continual complaints 频频的埋怨
continual invitations频频的邀请
2)连续的
continual rain 连续不停的雨
continuous（时刻上，空间上）连续的
a continuous line of cars川流不息的汽车
continuous rain 连续不断的雨
区别：
continual指“中间有间断，但连续专门久，看起来没有停止的意味”例：You need continual practice．你需要连续的锤炼。

continuous指“中间没有间断，但连续某…段时刻后可能会停下来”例：The plane is capable of two day continuous night.
这架飞机能连续飞行两大。

bitter adv.
1)苦味的
a bitter taste -种苦的味道
eg. The coffee was too bitter to drink.
那个咖啡太苦了没法喝。

taste: sour, sweet, bitter, hot, salty
味道：酸的，甜的，苦的，辣的，咸的
2)痛楚的，令人悲伤的
a bitter life 痛楚的一生
a bitter experience 痛楚的经历
bitter tears 痛楚的泪水
例：She has a bitter memory．她有一段痛楚的回忆。

3)严寒的
a bitter winter冰冷的冬天
bitterly adv. 苦苦地，惨痛地，严寒地
例：He was bitterly disappointed．他极度的败兴。

be bitterly cold 刺骨的冰冷
bitterness n．痛楚
eg. Who goes through the happiness and bitterness with me?
谁和我同甘共苦呢？
sunshine n.
1)阳光[U]
例：Cats like lying down in the sunshine．在阳光下下晒太阳
2)晴天，好天气[u]
例：After rain comes sunshine．（谚）雨过天晴，苦尽甘来
3)欢乐，爽朗
侈g: Her presence always gives sunshine to all of)f us.
她的显现总是让我们专门快乐。

a ray of sunshine -线光明（期望）
sunrise 日出
before sunrise 日出前
dawn 清晨
sunset 日落
after sunset 日落后
twilight 黄昏
suntan 晒黑
get a suntan 晒黑，皮肤晒成古铜色
二、关键句型Key structures
过去完成时：had+过去分词(v．-ed)
一样过去时：过去某一时刻发生的情况。

过去完成时：过去某一时刻之前发生的事，也确实是“过去的过去”。

过去完成时是一个相对的时态，它不能离开过时刻而独寺存住。

三、课文讲解Text
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many ye ars before he returned to England.
before he returned to England时刻状语从句（一样过去时）
He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to sett le down in the country.
settle down定居
dream of sth/doing sth妄图做某事
(9ij: I am always dreaming of living in Spain.
我总是妄图着居住在西班牙。

He dreams of becoming a millionaire. 他妄图着成为百万富翁。

dreamer 空想家
a day dream 白日梦
a waking dream 白日梦
a fond dream 黄粱梦
country
1)国家
eg. He sold the house and left the country.
他卖了房子离开了那个国家。

2)乡村，乡下
例：He had planned to settle down in the country.
他打算着在乡村定居下来。

countryside农村
eg. The countryside around Vienna is very beautiful.
维也纳乡村的景色专门优美。

country国家（最普遍的中性词）
state 侧重指政权机构，亦可指政府本身
nation
1)可指政治单位，比state庄重
the United Nations联合国
2)民族
land较为庄重，多用于诗歌中
motherland祖国/native land祖国/homeland祖国
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
no sooner...than...一……就
eg. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
还没等安排下来他就卖了房子离开了那个国家。

no sooner---than 一……就/ as soon as 一……就
hardly…when几乎来不及……就
主语had no sooner done + than+--般过去时的句子
主语had hardly done + when+一样过去时的句子
例：I had no sooner arrived home than it began to rain.
我刚一到家就下雨了。

He had no sooner seen her than he fell in love with her.
他一见到她就爱上她了。

-I had no sooner hung up than it rang again.
我刚挂断，又响了。

He had no sooner arrived in Beijing than he fell ill.
他一到北京就病倒了。

I had no sooner come back than he asked me to go on business aga in．我刚一回来他又让我去出差。

Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.
我们刚一开始就被告诉停下来。

Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for eve n though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterl y cold.
complain about 埋怨
complain to sb about sth 对某人埋怨
complain about the weather 埋怨天气
even though引导让步状语从句，相当于even if “即使”
eg. Even though he worked hard, , he failed in the exam.
即使她学习专门努力，但考试依旧没及格。

文中三个it均指天气，属虚主语的用法
例：It rained continually. 天总是下雨。

After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.
get a shock 大吃一惊
get a surprise 吃了一惊
get a shock 大吃一惊
get a fright 吓了—跳
He acted as if he had never lived in England before.
虚拟语气
表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望，假想和建议等。

虚拟语气的动词差不多形式有其中，其中had+过去分词表示过去事实的相反的假想。

eg. We would were have called a cab if Harold hadn't offered us a ride home.
假若哈罗德不说要驾车送我们回家，我们就会叫出租车了
If we had left earlier, we wouldn’t have missed the train.
假若我们早点动身的话，我们是可不能错过火车的。

In the end, it was more than he could bear.
He could not bear it any more. /He could bear it no more．
他不能再忍耐下去了。

He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there.
Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.
think of
1)考虑，摸索
例：What were you thinking of? 你在考虑什么呢？
2)想起
eg. I can' t think of his phone number.
我想不起他的号码了。

3)想到
eg. I've thought of a good person for chairman.
我想到一个做主席的合适人选。

4)万想不到，做梦也没有想到（与would not, could not连用）
eg. I wouldn’t think of selling the land.
我万万想不到会卖了这块地。

weather
1) n．天气
under the weather（口）躯体不适
weather permitting 天气好的话
例：We will start tomorrow, weather permitting.
天气好的话，我们改日就动身。

2)V．暴露于风雨中；使风化
weather wood将木材晾干
Special Difficulties难点
1．用no sooner than连接句子：
I)I had left the house. It began to rain.
我离开房子。

天就开始下雨了。

一>I had no sooner left the house than it 'began to rain.
我刚一离开房子就下雨了。

2)We had hung the picture on the wall. It fell down.
我们把画挂在墙上。

它掉了下来。

一>We had no sooner hung the picture on the wall than it fell dow n．我们刚一把花挂在墙上它就掉了下来。

四、练习Exercises
l. He acted ____ he had never lived in English before.
A. as though
B. like
C. as
D. even if
他表现得就看起来没在英国待过一样。

分析：
A．和D．都能够引导虚拟语气的从句；然而
D．即使，从逻辑关系上讲不通顺；A．看起来，合乎题义；
B．和C．都不能引导虚拟从句。

答案是A
2. He had hardly had time to settle down ____ he sold . the house and left the country.
A. than
B. when
C. as soon as
D. after
他几乎没有稳固下来就卖掉房子离开了他的国家。

分析：
Hardly...when表示“尽乎以后得及做…就...
答案是B．
3. It rained continually. It___.
A. stopped occasionally
B. never stopped
C. hardly rained at all
D. never rained
它频繁的下雨，只是偶然会停。

分析：
A．偶然会停下来：B．从来不停：C，几乎不下雨D．从來都不下雨。

答案是A．
4. The two scientists disagreed and a ____ argument developed.
A. hard
B. bitter
C. salty
D. sour
两位科学家的意见不一致，因而导致了一场猛烈的争辩。

分析：
A牢固的，困难的，厉害的；B．苦味的，强烈的，厉害的；
C．有盐分的，咸味浓的：D．酸的，发酵的。

答案是B．
六、补充内容
谚语
1. Don t carry all your eggs in one basket.
Don't put all your eggs in one basket.
不要把时刻或精力仅用在一件事上；不要把宝押在一个赌注上：不要把蛋全放在一个篮子里。

2. Don' t count your chickens before they are hatched
不要过早乐观；不要蛋尚未孵先数鸡。