动词时态导学案 人教版九年级英语上册

适用地区：
使用年级：初三年级
出题人：陈通
审核人：陈通
使用时间：2022年1月1日
目录页
1.动词时态定义（ 1 ）页
2.一般现在时（ 3 ）页
3.一般过去时（ 4 ）页
4.一般将来时（ 4 ）页
5.现在进行时（ 5 ）页
6.现在完成时（ 6 ）页
7.过去进行时（ 5 ）页
8.习题综合（ 4 ）页
9.中考链接（8 ）页
考点一：定义
英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。

中文名：英语动词时态
外文名：English verb tense
解释: 表示动作方式的动词形式
分类：形容或表示各类动作的词汇
时间和动作的种类（初中阶段）
1.一般现在时(do/does)
2.一般过去时(did)
3.一般将来时(will/shall do),(be going to do)
4.现在进行时(be doing)
5.过去进行时(was/were doing)
6.现在完成时(have/has done)
考点二：一般现在时
一般现在时
定义：表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

句式结构:
肯定句式:主语(第-一、二人称和第三人称复数)+动词原形主语(第三人称单数)+动词第三人称单数形式.
否定句式:主语(第一、二人称和第三人称复数)+助动词don'+动词原形.
主语(第三人称单数)+doesn't+动词原形
疑问句式:助动词Do+主语(第一、二人称和第三人称复数)+动词原形?
助动词Does+主语(第三人称单数)于动词原形?
肯定式:1 read English every morning.我每天早上读英语。

否定式:1 don't read English every tmorning.
疑问式:Do you read English every morning?
肯定式:She has lunch at school on weekdays.她上学日在学校吃午饭。

否定式:She doesn't have lunch at school on weekdays.
疑问式:Does she have lunch at school on weekdays?
用法：
(1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。

时间状语：every……，usually,sometimes, at……
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.，twice a week：我每天早晨7点离开家去学校，一周两次
(2) 客观事实，普遍真理。

The earth moves around the sun：地球绕着太阳转
Shanghai lies in the east of China：上海位于中国的东部
(3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：（2）（3）的用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round：哥伦布证明了地球是圆的
(4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don't want so much：我不想那么多
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well：Ann Wang 的英文写得很好但说得不好
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup：现在我在杯子里放了糖I am doing my homework now
（含义：我正在做我的家庭作业）
注：用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作Now watch me,I switch on the current and stand back. 第
二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

(5)主将从现﹝主句用将来时从句用现在时表将来﹞
① I will tell you,When Li Ming comes
（含义：当李明来的时候我会告诉你）
② I'll e-mail you as soon as I get to Beijing
（含义：我一到达北京就发电子邮件给你）
注：一般从句为时间状语从句「由When As soon as...引导的从句」条件状语从句「由If...引导的从句」
（6）表示按计划，规定要发生的动作，但仅限于少数动词如：begin,come,leave,go等
The meeting begins at seven：会议七点开始
随堂检测：
一、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. We often___________(play) on the playgound.
2. He _________(get) up at six o ’ clock.
3..__________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.
4. What____ (do) he usually _____(do) after school?
4. Danny _______(study) English, Chinese, maths, science and ar t at school.
5. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.
7. At eight at night, she ________(watch) TV with his parents.
8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day?
9. How many lessons _____your classmate____(have) on Monday 考点三：一般过去时
定义：表示过去某个时间进行的动作或存在的状态。

句式结构：
肯定句式:主语十动词过去式.
否定句式:主语+助动词didn't+动词原形
疑问句式:助动词Did+主语+动词原形?
肯定式: She did some washing this morning.。

她今天早上上洗了衣服。

否定式:She didn't do any washing this morning.
疑问式:Did she do any washing this morning?
用法：
一般过去时
（1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982等。

Where did you go just now
（含义：你刚才去哪里了？）
（2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a kid,I often played football in the street
（含义：当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球）Whenever the Browns went during their visit,they were given a wa rm welcome
（含义：布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈的欢迎）(3）句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到某人做某事时间了""某人该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed：你该睡觉了
It is time you went to bed：你早该睡觉了
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow
（含义：我宁愿你明天来）
(4) wish,wonder,think,hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。

I thought you might want some
（含义：我以为你想要一些）
比较：
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。

Christine was an invalid all her life
(含义：她已不在人间。

)
Christine has been an invalid all her life
(含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。

)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)
注意：用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

(1）动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend 等。

Did you want anything else：你还有什么事吗？
I wondered if you could help me：不知你能不能帮我个忙(2）情态动词could,would.
Could you lend me your bike：你能借给我你的自行车？（3）used to / be used to
used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。

Mother used not to be so forgetful：妈妈过去不是这样健忘Scarf used to take a walk. (过去常常散步)
be used to + doing：对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。

He is used to a vegetarian diet：他习惯于素食
Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)
随堂检测：
1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2.Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.
3.There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.
4.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
5.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
6.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
st week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
8.My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.
9.She watches TV every evening. But she _______________ (not
watch) TV last night.
考点四：一般将来时
定义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。

用法：
(1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。

will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。

Which paragraph shall I read first：我应该先读哪一段？
Will you be at home at seven this evening：你今晚七点在家吗？
(2) be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a.主语的意图，即将做某事。

What are you going to do tomorrow：你打算明天干什么？
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。

The play is going to be produced next month：该活动在下个月举
行
c. 有迹象要发生的事
Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm：看那些乌云，暴风雨就要来了
（3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday：我们下星期六将讨论这份报告
（4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to leave for Beijing：他要去北京
注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

be going to / will
用于条件句时， be going to 表将来
will 表意愿
If you are going to make a journey,you'd better get ready for it as so on as possible.
如果你要去旅行，你最好尽快准备好
Now if you will take off your clothes,we will fit the new clothes on y ou in front of the mirror.
现在如果你愿意脱下你的衣服，我们将在镜子前为你穿上新衣服
be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。

be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排)
明天下午我要去踢足球
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排)
一般现在时表将来
1）下列动词：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时表将来。

这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning：火车明天上午六点开—When does the bus star? 汽车什么时候开？
—It stars in ten minutes. 十分钟后
2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
3）在时间或条件句中。

When Bill comes (不是will come),ask him to wait for me：当比尔来了，让他等我
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there：当我到达那里时，我会写信给你
4）在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等后。

I hope they have a nice time next week：我希望他们下星期玩得愉快
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room：在离开房间前要确保窗子都关闭
用现在进行时表示将来
意为："意图"、"打算"、"安排"、常用于人。

常用词为 come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay等。

I'm leaving tomorrow：我明天就要走了
Are you staying here till next week：你要在这儿呆到下星期
随堂检测：
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to
B. will going to be
C. is going to be
D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working
B. doesn’t working
C. isn’t going to working
D. won’t work
( ) 3. He _____ very busy this week, he ______free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is
C. will be; will be
D. is; will be
( ) 4. There _____a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was
B. is going to have
C. will have
D. is going to be
( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will
B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be
D. Are; going to be; will be
考点五：现在进行时
定义：表示即刻或现在正在发生或进行者的某一动作。

现在进行时的构成是：
主语+be动词（am /is /are）+动词ing形式〔现在分词〕
1. 肯定句：主语+be动词（am /is /are）+动词ing+其他。

2. 否定句：主语+be动词（am /is /are）+not+动词ing+其他。

3. 一般疑问句：be动词+主语+动词ing+其他。

肯定回答：Yes，主语+ be.
否定回答：No，主语+ be not.
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
回答要根据实际情况来回答。

注：is not可以缩写成isn‘t，are not可以缩写成aren’t，但是am not在现代英语中不可以缩写。

在现在进行时里，所有的be动词都是am、is、are，be动词后面的动词一定是ing形式。

用法：
1、当句中出现的表示时间的词是now，at the moment，；（此刻、现在）等时，表示句子要说明的是现在正在发生的事，动词应用现在进行时。

◇Linda's brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.
现在，琳达的哥哥正在他的卧室里看电视。

◇We're far from home. What are our parents doing at the moment? 现在，我们远离家了，我们的父母此刻在干什么呢？
2、当句中出现的时间状语是these days，this week，this month,this term 等时，如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事，则动词应用现在进行时。

◇These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.
这些天我们在农场帮农民们干活。

◇They're having a test this week.
这一周，他们在进行一次考试。

◇Mr Cheng is visiting our village this month.
这个月，程先生在我们村访问。

3、在句中出现了Look，Listen，Can't you see? 等暗示词时，说明后面谓语动词的动作正在发生，该动词应用现在进行时。

◇Look! Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.
看！玛丽亚和汤姆正在树下跳舞。

◇Listen! Our English teacher is singing the popular English song. 听！我们英语老师正在唱那首流行的英文歌曲。

◇Many children are swimming in the river. Can't you see?
许多小孩在河里游泳，你难道看不见吗？
4、注意根据上下文的暗示，句子的谓语动词可能应用现在进
行时。

◇— Where is Mr Wang?
—王先生在哪儿？
◇— Oh, he is reading a newspaper in the office.
—噢，他正在办公室看报。

（问句询问王先生在哪儿，应说明他现在在哪儿，故答句应说明他现在正在做的事，用现在进行时。

）
◇—Is that boy Jack?
—那个男孩是杰克吗？
◇— No,Jack is doing his homework in the classroom.
—不是，杰克正在教室做作业呢。

（答句中说明的杰克做作业的情况应发生在现在，应用现在进行时。

）
5、现在进行时态表将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。

常有“意图”“决定”的意思
◇They’re getting married next month.
他们下个月结婚。

1、在英语中，并不是所有的动词都要使用正在进行时。

例如一些表示状态和感觉的动词，一般不用进行时态，而是用一般现在时表示。

例如：
◇I hear someone singing.
我正听见有人唱歌。

◇Do you see anyone over there?
你看到那里有什么人吗？
◇What does he think of it?
他觉得这怎么样？
如果这些词使用正在进行时态，句子带有某种感情色彩。

例如：◇Are you seeing someone off?
你在给谁送行吗？
◇They are hearing an English talk.
他们在听一个英语报告。

2、现在进行时还有另外一种含义，即它们能表达即将发生的事情，相当于一般将来时。

能够用来表示将来状况的动词有：arrive，come，do，get，go，leave，meet，play，return，see，spend，start，stay，wear，work 等。

◇We are leaving on Friday。

我们星期五离开。

◇Are you going anywhere tomorrow？
你明天准备去哪儿？
◇A foreign guest is giving a lecture this afternoon。

今天下午一个外国客人将给我们作报告。

◇Are you staying here till next week?
你打算在这里呆到下个星期吗？
在表示将来的情况下，特别是be going to do sth 这种结构，已
经没有多少“去”的意思了，几乎就是用来表达“将要、打算”做什么事情。

例如：
◇It is going to be rather cold tomorrow。

明天很可能非常冷。

◇She is not going to speak at the meeting。

她不打算在那个会上发言。

3、当其与always，forever，continually，constantly 等副词连用时表示重复的动作，有着极大的感情色彩，表示不满或满意。

Ⅰ、She is perpetually interfering in my affairs.
她老是干预我的事。

（不满）
Ⅱ、The students are making progress constantly.
学生们在不断进步。

（满意）
现在进行时的标志有很多，如：listen，look，now，these days，Be quiet!/Don't talk 等等。

随堂检测：
1. Miss Guo___ (teach) us Chinese this term. She____ (be) a very good teacher. She often____ (talk) with us after class. Many of us like____ (talk) with her. Now, she___ (talk) with Lily
2. Listen! Who____(read) English? Han Meimei is. She often____ _(read) English in the evening.
考点六：现在完成时
定义：现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去，一是现在。

他的动作发生在过去，但是对现在产生了影响。

用法：
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。

动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。

其构成：have (has) +过去分词。

比较过去时与现在完成时
(1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

(2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：
yesterday,last week，…ago,in1980,in October,just now,具体的时间状语
共同的时间状语：
this morning,tonight,this April,now,once，before,already,recently，lately
现在完成时的时间状语
for,since,ever,never,just,yet,till / until,up to now,in past years,alway s,
不确定的时间状语
(3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.
过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,get married等。

举例：
I saw this film yesterday：我昨天看了这部电影
（强调看的动作发生过了。

）
I have seen this film：我已经看过这部电影
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。

）
Why did you get up so early
（强调起床的动作已发生过了。

）
Who hasn't handed in his paper
（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。

）
She has returned from Paris：她已从巴黎回来了。

She returned yesterday：她是昨天回来了。

He has been in the League for three years：他在团中已经三年(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years：他连续三年被一个团内的成员
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago：他三年前入团
( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。

)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yes terday,last,week,in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。

It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。

This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。

介词用法：
since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。

I have lived here for more than twenty years：我已经在这儿住了二十多年了
I have lived here since I was born：我从出生就住在这里
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949：我的阿姨自1949以来在诊所工作
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976：一些新的油田自1976年已开放
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl：我从小李是个小女孩时就认识她
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years：我的哥哥入团已经两年了
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time：我已经很长时间没有收到我叔叔的来信了
注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我现在已不在这里工作。

)
I have worked here for many years.
(现在我仍在这里工作。

)
小窍门：当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续性动词在完成时中的误使。

1) (对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian thre e years ago,and is still studying it now.
2) (错) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago,and is still getting marri ed now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
时态用法
1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980,last month,half past six)。

I have been here since 1989
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago
3) since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
延续动词与瞬间动词
1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。

He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。

(表结果) I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。

(表经历) 2) 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"
He didn't come back until ten o'clock.
他到10 点才回来。

He slept till ten o'clock.
他一直睡到10点。

值得注意的是，在till(until)引出的时间状语从句中，谓语动词的时态问题较为复杂。

till(until)-从句的谓语动词往往用一般时态来表示。

例如：
He does not go to school till(until) the cock crows at nine in the m orning.
They will live in Chicago till(until) William finishes his thesis. She waited till(until) I returned.
随堂检测：
1. ( )1. I have finished my homework ____.
Have you finished your homework
____?
A. yet, yet
B. yet, already
C. already, yet
D. already, already
2. ( )He has ____ seen the film HarryPotter.
So he knows nothing about it.
A. already
B. ever
C. never
D. yet
3. ( )The rain was heavy, so I get home until 9:00 pm.
A. had to
B.didn't have to
C. have
D. must
4. ( )- have you been here? -3 years.
A. How often
B.How long
C.How far
D. How
考点七：过去进行时（选择性学习☆）
定义：表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的的动作或存在的状态。

过去进行时
形式：was /were + V-ing
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。

一、结构
过去进行时肯定句基本结构=主语+was/were+doing+其它过去进行时否定句基本结构=主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
过去进行时一般疑问句基本结构=Was/Were+主语+doing+其它
答语：Yes,主语 was/were. 或No,主语 wasn't/weren’t.
过去进行时特殊疑问句基本结构=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它
以下是各种句型的例句：
1.We were having supper when the phone rang.
我们正在吃晚饭时，电话响了｡
2.This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.
昨天这个时候杰克没看电视。

3.He was repairing his bike.
他在修理自行车。

4.When/While we were having supper, the light went out.
我们正在吃饭时，灯熄灭了。

5.While we were talking, the teacher came in.
当我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。

6.While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报。

7.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时，我正在做饭。

8.Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week.
汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。

二、含义
·过去进行时表示同时进行的动作。

1.While you were writing letters，I was reading a book.
你写信的时候，我在看书。

2.While we were having breakfast，John was talking on the tele-phone.
我们吃早饭的时候，约翰在打电话。

·过去进行时和一般过去时在一个句子里使用，用过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作。

过去进行时可用于主句，亦可用于从句。

1.Just as I was leaving the house，the telephone rang.
我正要出门，电话铃响了。

（用于从句）
2.He broke his leg when he was playing football.
他踢足球的时候把腿伤了。

（用于从句）
3.She was reading when he called.
他来访时，她正在看书。

（用于主句）
三、过去进行时在句子中的作用
1、表示原因。

例句：
I didn’t hear what you said;I was looking at the picture.
我没有听见你的话，我在看那幅画。

2、对所说的话进行强调。

在小说的对话中，有时引述动词不用一般过去时，而用过去进行时，意在强调所说的话，语气较重，且更为生动。

例句：
A：“Did they catch her?”Mary was asking.
“他们抓住她了吗？”只听得玛丽问道。

B:”No,she escaped.”Tom told her.
“没有，她逃走了。

”汤姆告诉她。

3、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。

例句：
I was walking in the street when someone called me.
我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

4、表示与现在事实相反或将来的猜想情况，有时表示不耐烦等情绪。

例句：
I was going to phone you,but I just didn’t have time.
我本想给你打电话的，但就是没有时间。

The basketball match was taking place the next day,but it had to be canceled because of the heavy rain.
篮球赛原定第二天举行的，但因大雨不得不取消。

5、用来陈述原因或用作借口。

She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.
她昨天去看病了。

她患了很严重的心脏病。

6、与always,constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。

例句: The girl was always changing her mind.
这女孩老是改变主意。

7、表示动作的未完成性。

过去进行时可以表示动作的未完
成性，即对某事了解的不全面，希望得到更详细的情况。

例句：
I was hearing Susan had entered the college.
我听说苏珊上了大学。

8、表示继续刚刚中断的谈话，用于日常生活中。

例句：
As I were telling you,the boy took his stubbornness from his fathe r.
正想我刚刚告诉你的，这孩子的犟脾气是他爸爸遗传给他的。

As she was telling me,we must depend upon ourselves to make our own way as best we can.
正如她所告诉我的，我们必须依靠自己竭尽全力走自己的路。

9、表示婉转语气，只限于want,hope,wonder等动词，用以提出请求。

例句：
I was wondering if you could help me.
我想知道你是否能够帮助我。

10、表示对比。

例句： He was not sitting idle,he was making preparations.
他没有闲坐着，他在做准备。

While the children were playing in the shade,their parents were wo rking in the scorching sun.
孩子们在树荫下玩耍，而他们的父母却在烈日下劳作。

考点八：习题综合
阅读下列短文并用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

（A）
Air (1) ( have ) no color and no taste. It (2)_____ (not see), but it is everywhere. When we fill a glass with water, the water (3) (push) the air out of the glass.
Though we (4)__________( not see) air, it (5) (take) up space. Let’s make sure it (6) (not fall) out when the glass (7) (turn) upside down. Now let’s do an experiment. First stick (粘) a piece of paper on the bottom of a glass, second turn it upside down and push it into a basin of water until the glass (8) (cover) by water. Then take it out of the water, you (9) (see) that the paper is still dry. The air inside the glass takes up space and (10)__________(keep) the water out.
(B)
These days, more and more young people wish (1)_________( be ) more beautiful, so they turn to plastic surgery (整形手术) for help. They spend thousands of yuan on these painful surgeries to fix their nose, to change their eyelid (眼皮) or to take off weight from their stomachs. In fact, most people (2) ( not be) pleased with their looks. Even the most beautiful actresses often wish they (3) (change) something about their looks. Should we live our whole lives (4)__ _______(believe) we are ugly? Why not raise our head high and believe that we are as beautiful as others? A smile is beautiful on any face, whether fat, oily or hairy. And a kind heart is much more beautiful than a pretty look.
So, let’s (5) (feel) grateful that we all have beautiful and healthy bodies that (6)__________( not need) surgeries! Today, I call on you (7) (make) an easy change: hold your head high, smile and be kind to others. If you (8) (do) these, you (9) (be) full of confidence, beauty, and warmth everywhere you (10)__________ (go).
(C)
Eye doctors in Shanghai found out that the nearsightedness (近视) among primary and middle school students has something (1) (do) with the color of the paper in their textbooks and notebooks.
The doctors suggested that yellow paper should be used to replace the white one. According to their research, the experts (2) (find) out white paper reflects too much light and easily tires a person’s eyes. The yellow paper, however, (3) ( not look) so sharp to a person’s eyes. In other words, it
(4)________(be) much milder (柔和) to the eyes of students who
(5) (do) reading or writing for hours.
The expert’s research findings (6)_______(base) on firsthand information and a number of scientific experiments including a new study among the students from forty-one middle schools. To make the students (7) (understand) the truth, Shanghai Education Development Co. Ltd
(8)______(produce) textbooks and exercise-books
(9)______(make) of yellow paper. The books (10)____________ (use) in the whole city soon.
(D)
Henry liked drinking and (1) (spend) all his money on it. So he stole some money from the shop. Mr. Hunt, the shopkeeper, (2) (tell) about it and sent him away. Everyone in the town (3) (know) about it and he got into trouble.
One morning Henry got up at half past twelve. He tried (4) (find) something to eat, but he failed. When he (5) (walk) in the street, he hoped to try his luck in the crowd. Suddenly, he saw a lot of people (6)_________ (stand) at a comer of the building. He hurried there and found that an old man was selling teapots there. Henry found the old man always put the money into a red teapot after he (7) (sell) one. Henry pretended to choose the teapots and was going to steal the red one. When the old man was busy (8) (receive) several women’s money, he took the red teapot away. But it had no bottom and the money dropped onto the ground. He stood there and didn’t know what (9) (do). “If you want a teapot, you’d better (10) (choose) an intact (完整无缺的) one!”the old man said with a smile.
(E)
We must have water to live, and if the water we use (1)__________(be) not clean, it can make us (2)______(become )。