2018版高考英语一轮复习 第1部分 Module 3 The Violence of Nature课时作业 外研版必修3

Module 3 The Violence of Nature
Ⅰ.完形填空导学号 58082273
(2016·郑州市质测)
I always walk to my husband's office after work，wait for him and then we drive home together every day.
One day，while I was waiting for him，a beautiful Cadillac(凯迪拉克轿车)_1.B__near me.I was busy _2.D__the car when I noticed the driver._3.A__，she was probably the most _4.C__woman I had ever seen outside of a movie scree.Her eyes were as blue as the sea，and she had teeth like pearls.Minutes later，a man walked over and they drove off.Sitting there，dressed in jeans and a T－shirt，I wanted to _5.A__.“Why is it so_6.C__that some people have it all？”I thought.
The next week I saw her again，and after that it almost became my _7.D__to see her.I would_8.B__if she and her husband ate out a lot and where they went.I wanted her to get out of the car so that I could see her in _9.C__length.
A few weeks later，this question was_10.B__for me.I was waiting at my usual spot and the lady's husband came over to their car.He opened the door.The pretty woman _11.A__walked around to the passenger side—leaning on a walking cane.She _12.D__one leg with her hands and then the other.She had an artificial limb(假肢)on her left leg and a brace on her right one.
As they drove away，I began to cry.When my husband arrived，I told him about what had_13.B__.He said that he knew her husband and that，when the lady was twelve years old，she had been_14.D__in a car that got stuck on the railroad tracks.Unfortunately，both her parents were killed.The rail company made a large_15.A__with her because the crossing had no _16.C__.That's_17.A__she owns such a nice car now.
For weeks I have _18.D__this woman and her way of life，but now I realize how _19.C__I am.When you meet a person who seems to be much better off than you，don't be fooled by _20.B__.
1．A.drove in B．pulled up
C．sped by D．turned away
[解析]根据该句中的“a beautiful Cadillac(凯迪拉克轿车)__1__near me”可以判断，一辆凯迪拉克轿车停在“我”身旁。

B项意为“停车”，符合语境。

A项意为“驶进”，
C项意为“迅速驶过”，D项意为“拒绝”，都与语境不符。

2．A.cleaning B．taking
C．expecting D．admiring
[解析]根据上句中的“a beau tiful Cadillac(凯迪拉克轿车)”可知，“我”对此车很羡慕。

D项意为“羡慕”，符合语境。

A项意为“清理”，B项意为“拿”，C项意为“预期”，都与语境不符。

3．A.Honestly B．Sincerely
C．Surprisingly D．Obviously
[解析]根据下句“Her eyes were as blue as the sea，and she had teeth like pearls”可知，这位女驾驶员明眸皓齿；据此可以判断，的确她可能是“我”看到的电影银幕外最美的女子。

A项意为“真的，的确”，符合语境。

B项意为“真诚地”，C项意为“惊人的”，D项意为“显然”，都与语境不符。

4．A.peaceful B．typical
C．beautiful D．patient
[解析]参见上题解析。

C项意为“漂亮的”，符合语境。

A项意为“和平的”，B项意为“典型的”，D项意为“有耐心的”，都与语境不符。

5．A.cry B．argue
C．escape D．ask
[解析]根据下句中的“Why is it so __6__that some people have it all”可知，“我”羡慕这位驾驶凯迪拉克轿车的女士；结合该句中的“dressed in jeans and a T－shirt”可以判断，“我”衣着平常，“我”想哭。

A项意为“哭泣”，符合语境。

B项意为“争论”，C项意为“逃离”，D项意为“询问”，都与语境不符。

6．A.unbearable B．unusual
C．unfair D．unbelievable
[解析]根据语境可知，“我”衣着平常，而那位驾驶凯迪拉克轿车的女士明眸皓齿。

据此可以判断，“我”感到不公平。

C项意为“不公平的”，符合语境。

A项意为“无法忍受的”，B项意为“不平常的”，D项意为“难以相信的”，都与语境不符。

7．A.chance B．wonder
C．regret D．routine
[解析]根据该句中的“The next week I saw her again”可知，第二周“我”又见到了她；据此可以判断，“我”时常见到她，D项意为“常规”，符合语境。

A项意为“机会”，B项意为“奇迹”，C项意为“遗憾”，都与语境不符合。

8．A.imagine B．wonder
C．guess D．doubt
[解析]根据该句的if从句可以判断，“我”想知道她和她的丈夫是否经常在外面吃饭并且去哪里吃。

B项意为“想知道”，符合语境。

A项意为“想像”，C项意为“猜测”，D 项意为“怀疑”，都与语境不符。

9．A.great B．equal
C．full D．standard
[解析]根据该句中的“length”表达的语境可以判断，“我”想要她走出轿车，看看她的整个身高。

C项意为“完全的”，符合语境。

A项意为“伟大的”，B项意为“等同的”，D项意为“标准的”，都与语境不符合。

10．A.raised B．answered
C．presented D．checked
[解析]根据该句中的“question”可知，“我”有了这一问题的答案。

B项意为“回答”，符合语境。

A项意为“举起”，C项意为“展现”，D项意为“检查”，都与语境不符。

11．A.slowly B．firmly
C．quickly D．hurriedly
[解析]根据该段最后一句“She had an artificial limb(假肢)on her left leg and a brace on her right one”可知，她装着假肢；据此可以判断，她行走缓慢。

A项意为“缓慢地”，符合语境。

B项意为“坚定地”，C项意为“快速地”，D项意为“匆忙地”，都与语境不符。

12．A.bent B．spread
C．crossed D．lifted
[解析]根据下句“She had an artificial limb(假肢)on her left leg and a brace on her right one”可知，她装着假肢；据此可以判断，她双手抬起腿。

D项意为“抬起”，符合语境。

A项意为“弯曲”，B项意为“传播”，C项意为“经过”，都与语境不符。

13．A.changed B．happened
C．passed D．hidden
[解析]根据前文对“我”所看到的事实的描述可以判断，当“我”的丈夫到来时，“我”将所发生的事情告诉了他。

B项意为“发生”，符合语境。

A项意为“改变”，C项意为“穿过”，D项意为“掩藏”，都与语境不符。

14．A.discovered B．protected
C．left D．trapped
[解析]根据该句中的“in a car that got stuck on the railroad tracks”可以判断，在这位女士十二岁的那一年，她被困在一辆陷入铁轨的轿车里。

D项意为“困住”，符合语境。

A项意为“发现”，B项意为“保护”，C项意为“离开”，都与语境不符。

15．A.settlement B．exchange
C．promise D．arrangement
[解析]根据上句的“both her parents were killed”可知，在事故中，她的父母双亡；据此可以判断，铁路公司给她一笔安置费。

A项意为“(解决纷争的)协议”，符合语境。

B项意为“交换”，C项意为“承诺”，D项意为“安排”，都与语境不符。

16．A.stops B．notices
C．signals D．lights
[解析]根据语境可知，由于铁道交叉处没有信号灯，导致了事故的发生。

C项意为“指示灯，信号灯”，符合语境。

A项意为“车站”，B项意为“布告”，D项意为“灯”，都与语境不符合。

17．A.why B．when
C．because D．where
[解析]根据上文可知，由于铁路公司赔偿了一大笔安置费给这位女士，那就是她拥有这辆豪车的原因。

A项意为“……的原因”，符合语境，故A项正确。

18．A.respected B．observed
C．accepted D．envied
[解析]根据第二段可知，“我”所见到的这位女士开着豪车并且长得漂亮，而“我”却衣着平平，据此可以判断，“我”忌妒她。

D项意为“忌妒”，符合语境。

A项意为“尊敬”，B项意为“观察”，C项意为“接受”，都与语境不符。

19．A.boring B．mature
C．lucky D．confident
[解析]根据前文可知，这位女士在事故中失去双亲，也因此残疾；据此可以判断，“我”意识到自己是多么幸运。

C项意为“幸运的”，符合语境。

A项意为“厌烦的”，B项意为“成熟的”，D项意为“自信的”，都与语境不符。

20．A.collections B．appearances
C．backgrounds D．descriptions
[解析]根据语境可知，当你遇到一位看起来比你好得多的人时，不要被其外表欺骗。

B 项意为“外表”，符合语境。

A项意为“收集物”，C项意为“背景”，D项意为“描述”，都与语境不符。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
导学号 58082274
Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some
could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate(迁徙) north.
Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense. If the changes come too quickly, animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.
According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of today's familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today's world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far－reaching consequences for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.
Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesn't matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. What's more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.
However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.
文章大意：本文叙述了气候的变化将离我们越来越近了及其导致的严重后果。

由于气候的变化会导致动物迁徙，一些物种灭绝，疾病的蔓延。

今天熟悉的气候类型会被我们不知道的气候代替。

近几年我们的星球已经有了气候变化的迹象，像各地的地震和海啸。

现在导致气候变化的原因不重要了，重要的是我们应该采取措施，应对气候的变化。

1．Which of the following would be the best title for the Passage?_D__
A. Ways to protect our planet.
B. Solutions to climate change.
C. Be prepared for climate change.
D. Climate change and its effects.
[解析]标题归纳题。

全文内容主要介绍气候的变化及其后果。

故选D。

2．What is the author's purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?_C__ A．To show the damage earthquakes caused.
B．To remind people to prevent future earthquakes.
C．To show major changes are taking place on the planet.
D．To tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future.
[解析]作者意图题。

根据第三段的“earthquake in Sumatra, Egypt, Haiti”可以看出作者解释“The planet itself has been showing signs of change”，我们的星球已经表现出变化的迹象。

故选C。

3．What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 3 mean?_B__
A. Separated.
B. Destroyed.
C. Removed.
D. Affected.
[解析]词义猜测题。

根据第三段的“Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.”埃及2009年发生了大地震，2010年海地遭受了大地震，被地震破坏，摧毁。

故选B。

4．What can be inferred from the Passage?_D__
A．Animals and plants won't die out as long as climate changes slowly.
B．There's enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.
C．The world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.
D．The earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.
[解析]推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own.”不仅我们的星球而且其他星球都在经历着全球变暖。

故选D。

B
(2016·长春质量检查)导学号 58082275
One of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly low marriage rates among young people and the low birth rates，which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩) population.Most young Japanese women simply don't seem interested in having many children.
Now what began in Japan is happening globally.As David Brooks wrote，birth rates are becoming lower in much of the world，from Iran—1.7 births per woman—to Russia，where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking.And this includes the US，which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations.Aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.
It's true that global aging is going to present some major challenges.Who will take care of the elderly？Will an older world be less active and slower to change
and adapt？It's all true.Sometimes I worry about a coming generational war over resources，just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age，just as I worry about who might take care of me.
But here's the thing：an older world may have less pressure on the environment.As we all know，the environment is the real victim of overpopulation.
So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment，and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use，along with our birth rates，reaches a sustainable(可持续的)level.After all，we're supposed to get smarter as we get older.Hopefully that holds true for the planet as well.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球老龄化带来的挑战，也指出了老龄化社会有利的方面。

5．The population issue in Japan is mentioned to _B__.
A．show young people's preference for marriage
B．introduce the topic of global birth rates' becoming lower
C．indicate the deeper cause of Japan's depression
D．emphasize the revolution of Japanese women
[解析]细节理解题。

文章开头提及日本人口出生率低是为了引出全球人口出生率低、老龄化问题。

第二段的第一句“Now what began in Japan is happening globally”也是提示。

故选B。

6．Which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?_A__ A．Aging society. B．Environmental problems.
C．High death rates. D．Low employment rates.
[解析]细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“One of the biggest social issues in Japan is...and the low birth rates，which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩)population”可知，人口出生率低会导致老龄化社会。

故选A。

7．What's the author's attitude to the worldwide birth rates' becoming lower?_C__ A．Anxious. B．Disappointed.
C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.
[解析]观点态度题。

根据文章的最后两段可知，老龄化社会也有有利的方面，如减少环境压力、保障能源供应等。

故选C。

8．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to David Brook?_D__ A．The birth rates all over the world are becoming lower.
B．The most developed countries have higher death rates.
C．America is the only developed country with higher birth rates.
D ．Birth rates' becoming lower means a great risk to aging countries.
[解析] 细节理解题。

根据前三段可知，低出生率会导致社会老龄化，而老龄化国家会面临许多老人需要被照顾、年轻劳动力缺乏的巨大挑战。

故选D 。

Ⅲ.短文改错导学号 58082276
(2016·浙江卷)下面短文中有10处语言错误。

请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When I was a very young children ，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he arrived home at end of the day ，we'd greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there ！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
答案： When I was a very young children child
， my father created a regular practice I remember well years late later . Every time he arrived home at ∧the end of the day, we'd greet her him at the door. He would ask who we was were and pretend not to knowing know
us. Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat chatted
， my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in on the top of the fridge. It was both excited exciting
and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
[解析] 1.第一处：children 改为child 。

考查名词单复数。

根据I 和a 可知，这里应用可数名词单数形式，故改为child 。

2．第二处：late 改为later 。

根据语境可知，此处表示“很多年后”，故改为later 。

3．第三处：end 前添加the 。

考查冠词。

at the end of 是固定词组，表示“在……的最后”。

4．第四处：her改为him。

考查代词。

根据上文的he可知，此处应改为him。

5．第五处：was改为were。

考查主谓一致。

根据we可知，谓语动词应该用复数形式，故改为were。

6．第六处：knowing改为know。

考查动词。

pretend (not) to do sth.“假装(不)做某事”，此处是不定式，后面需要用动词原形，故改为know。

7．第七处：去掉had。

考查动词。

根据语境和下文的“would talk”可知，此处应该用would do结构。

8．第八处：chat改为chatted。

考查时态。

根据全文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故改为chatted。

9．第九处：in改为on。

考查介词。

on the top of是固定词组，表示“在……上面”。

10．第十处：excited改为exciting。

考查形容词。

根据语境和主语It可知，此处表示“令人激动的”，故用－ing形式的形容词。