中考五大基本句型精讲精练

中考五大基本句型精讲精练
简单句五大基本句型——精讲精练
1.主+系动词+表语（S+V+P）
3）表特征和存在状态的： be , seem , feel , look , taste , smell , sound ,appear .
4）表状态延续的： keep , stay, stand ,remain .
5）表状态变化的：become , get , turn , go , come, run ,fall , grow
Eg. Alice is a lovely girl.
He seems happy.
The cake tastes good.
The students often keeps quiet in class.
The boy became a teacher at last.
They are in the classroom.
The window was broken.
His job is to teach computers.
The problem is where we should go.
His idea is that everyone has a picture.
作表语的：名词，形容词，过去分词，v-ing ,介词短语，从句
练习：１.长大后他成了一个老师。

______________________________________________
２.我的梦想是成为一个作家。

___________________________________________
3.树叶变黄了。

________________________________________________________
4..这个消息听起来激动人心的。

_________________________________________
5.昨晚他感到有一点儿饿。

______________________________________________
2.主语+不及物动词 (vi.）（可有副词修饰）(S+V)
不带宾语
It rained hard last night.
He runs quickly.
We must go.
不及物动词+介词+宾语
He lives in Nanjing.
Mary is listening to the music.
I go to school from Monday to Friday.
练习：
１）事故是昨晚发生的。

________________________________________________
２）那个老人是去年冬天死的。

__________________________________________
３）这部小说很畅销。

__________________________________________________
4) 我的家乡在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。

_________________________________________________________________
5)不要笑话别人。

______________________________________________________
3.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)
We like him.
The workers are building a house.
练习：
１）我们必须每天练习讲英语。

________________________________________
２）你不能犯同样的错误。

_____________________________________________
3) 昨天晚上他与一个同学打了了架。

_____________________________________
4）友谊对我们来说意味着很多。

（matter）_______________________________________ 5) 下周六我们将在湖上划船。

________________________________________________
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+DO+IO)
My father gave me a book yesterday.=My father gave a book to me yesterday.
He bought his girlfriend some flowers =He bought some flowers for his girlfriend.
1）和to连用的双宾语动词
give , show , pass , offer, hand, lend ,pay , sell, send, write, teach, tell, wish etc.
He passed me a piece of paper .=He passed a piece of paper to me .
He writes me a letter every week.=______________________________________
I sold James my car for $800 =__________________________________________
2)和for连用的双宾语动词
3)make , buy , bring , fetch, get , order , save , sing , spare ,
His father bought him a computer.=_____________________________________________
Fetch me some chalk ,please.=_________________________________________________
Can you spare us a few minutes?=_______________________________________________
练习：
１）他把座位让给了我。

_______________________________________________________２）昨天他父亲给他买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

______________________________________________________________________________ 3）张老师教我们语文。

________________________________________________________
4) 这个组织为孩子们提供各种书籍。

_____________________________________________
5)你能借我一些钱吗？________________________________________________________ 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)
You should not make your mother angry.
I often heard birds sing in the morning.
I find English very easy.
A man can lead a horse to the water, but he can’t make it drink.
练习：
1）我发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。

____________________________________________________
2）我使学生一直在读课文（keep)______________________________________________ 3)我发现这本书很有趣。

____________________________________________________
4）我们选他当班长。

_______________________________________________________
5)当时他听到有人在呼救。

________________________________________________
６.There be 句型：
There is a house near the lake.
There are many amazing things in the world.
There will be / used to be /seems to be / must be / happens to be
There lies / stands / lives / exists ….
练习：
1）下周我们学校将有一场篮球赛。

_________________________________________________
2）这儿曾经有个图书馆。

________________________________________________________ 3）在桌子上有一支钢笔和一些书。

________________________________________________ 4）在这篇文章中移动有一些错误。

________________________________________________ 5）有两个学生在教室读英语。

____________________________________________________
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．诚信是中华民族的传统美德，也是社会主义核心价值观内容之一。

而你的朋友Daming最近却被诚信危机所困扰。

上周末，他本来和Lingling相约一起去电影院看电影，但是他却因为在家复习考试，把这件事忘了，直到第二天才想起来。

因此，Lingling很生气，并且不愿接受Daming的道歉。

请你就此事给校报投稿，以“The Importance of Promise”为题，内容要点如下：
1、简述事件；
2、谈谈自己的看法，并给Daming一些建议。

注意：
1、词数80—100；
2、行文连贯，逻辑合理；
3、文中不能出现真实的校名和人名；
4、文章的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

The Importance of Promise
Dear editor,
People always emphasize（强调） the importance of the promise, and they hate people who break their promise.
Promise is very important. Everyone should keep it.
Yours,
Tony 【答案】The Importance of Promise
Dear editor,
People always emphasize（强调）the importance of the promise, and they hate people who break their promise.
Recently, a thing happened to my friend, and I think it was really his fault. Last weekend, my friend Daming had a date with his friend Lingling to watch a movie. But he totally forgot it that
day because of his review for his exam. So Lingling got too angry to forgive him. In my opinion, it was really his fault. Forgetting the date not only led to Lingling’s anger, but also made her lose trust in him. Keeping promises is always the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. What Daming should do now is to ask for forgiveness and promise that he will never do that again. Promise is very important. Everyone should keep it.
Yours,
Tony 【解析】
【分析】
本文为一篇稿件，需要学生通过大明和玲玲之间，大明没有信守承诺的事情，谈自己的看法。

信守承诺是中华民族的传统美德，在写作过程中，注意文章结构，先写出大明和玲玲之间的事情，然后再说自己对此的看法。

【详解】
首先，第一句话直接点明作者的观点，大明是犯错了的。

然后仔细阐述了事情发生的经过。

接下来说出自己对此事件的看法，不信守承诺会导致失去别人的信任，对大明的建议是除了认错之外，还需要再次保证永不再犯。

【点睛】
文章结构清晰，符合逻辑，先表明自己观点，然后阐述事情，提出自己的观点和建议。

整篇文章在谋篇布局上，比较严密。

除此之外，中间也使用了一些连接词，例如but，so，because of等，使文章更加通顺。

3．李华的英国笔友Jessica来信说, 她想了解中国的传统节日中秋节。

假如你是李华, 请你给Jessica写一封信, 介绍该节日。

内容须包含以下所有要点：
1. 中秋节的时间；
2. 中秋节的传统习俗及庆祝方式：全家人一起吃饭, 赏月, 吃月饼等；
3, 我最期待的活动。

要求：1.80--100词〔开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数）；2.语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整。

Dear Jessica,
I'm glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to
you.___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jessica,
I'm glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to you. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the 8th lunar month. It’s a big day for us Chinese people. All the family members get together to celebrate the festival. In the evening, we usually have a big dinner. And then we go outside and enjoy the full moon. The moon that night looks the brightest. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together to eat mooncakes, and share our stories. For me, the best part is to enjoy the moon and eat mooncakes. Mooncakes taste very delicious. They look like the moon, big and round.
Yours,
Li Hua 【解析】
【详解】
本篇写作是以书信的方式向笔友介绍中国的传统节日中秋节，要用一般现在时来写。

全文可分两大部分，第一部分写中秋节的时间、传统习俗及庆祝方式，第二部分写我最期待的活动。

亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好地完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习惯，准确运用时态，主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如get together，enjoy the full moon， share our stories等。

增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，句子通顺，行文连贯。

4．假如你是李华, 你的美国笔友Bill给你发了一封电子邮件, 想了解你的梦想职业。

请认真阅读下面的邮件, 根据信中的内容和你的实际情况给他写封回信。

要求:1. 参考提示语, 可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺, 意思连贯, 书写工整；
3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
4.词数: 不少于70词（开头已给出, 但不计入总词数）。

Dear Bill,
Thank you for your letter. I am glad to tell you about my dream job. ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文Thank you for your letter. I am glad to tell you about my dream job. Teaching is my dream job because I would like to share my knowledge with my students and help them solve problems. I am outgoing and helpful. I get on well with children. Besides, the school's environment appeals to me and staying with students helps to keep me young and alive. To realize my dream, I have to make full use of spare time to acquire the essential knowledge and enter a good university. What efforts are you making for your dream?
Tell me about your ideal job!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本题通过描写梦想中的职业，让学生对未来有憧憬，给一部分提示词，让学生有话可说。

【详解】
首先回答职业是教师。

然后解释为什么喜欢该工作，因为可以把自己的知识分享给孩子们，并且喜欢学校的环境。

为了实现自己的梦想，正在为此作出努力。

最后向Bill提出问题，结束全文。

【点睛】
本文首先开篇功能句Thank you for your letter.然后开始主要内容，运用多种连接词，比如because，Besides，To realize my dream, 等使文章连贯性强，长短句结合，读起来朗朗上口，不失为一篇佳作。

5．你是一位九年级的学生李明，你用英语写一封邮件给你的笔友Amy，感谢她对你关心，并告诉她目前你在全力以赴为中考而学习，并与她交流一下目前的学习和生活情况。

要点如下：
(1). 虽然你大部分功课你都学得比较好，但是你对自己不满意。

你认为自己学习上还要多花工夫。

(2). 你的父母对你严格要求，但是也很关心你。

（举例说明，适当发挥2—3句）……
(3). 老师很乐意帮助你们。

他们希望你们实现自己的理想。

他们说（适当发挥2—3句）……
注意：
(1). 要求语句通顺，意思连贯。

(2). 第2要点和第3要点要用2—3句话作适当发挥。

(3). 词数90个左右，邮件开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

Hello!
Dear Amy, thank you for caring.
Now I am working hard for the senior high school entrance examination.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________
How about you? I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours
Li Ming
【答案】例文Hello!
Dear Amy, thank you for caring.
Now I am working hard for the senior high school entrance examination. I have got good results in most of my subjects, but I am not happy with myself. I think I must spend more time on my studies.
My parents are really strict with me. However, they care for me as well. Once upon a time, I failed in my physics exam and felt stressed and sad. They had a close communication with me and helped me solve my problems and cheer up again.
My teachers are also ready to help us. They hope that we can realize our dreams. They tell us to try our best and not to give up. Life is always full of ups and downs. It's important not to be afraid of any kind of difficulty.
How about you? I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours
Li Ming
【解析】
【详解】
本文属于材料作文，告诉艾米目前你在全力以赴为中考而学习，并与她交流一下目前的学习和生活情况。

根据要表达的内容确定并准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑，可适当增加内容。

亮点说明：这是一篇优秀的作文，很好的完成了试题规定的任务，语言表达符合英语习
惯，准确运用时态、主谓一致，特别使用一些亮点词句，如get good results, spend+时间+on sth, be strict with, however, care for, as well, once upon a time, help sb do, cheer up, be ready to, tell sb to do, try one’s best to do, be full of以及it is adj to do sth等，增强逻辑关系，增加上下文意思连贯，用词准确，句子通顺，行文连贯。

【点睛】
写作时可以从以下几个方面做起：
认真审题。

审好题是写好书面表达的关键。

审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。

构思提纲。

有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关的写作材料。

通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。

初写短文。

一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。

使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。

同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。

修改润色。

修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。

这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。

6．假设你是Beth,前段时间曾向英语校刊投送一篇题为My English Teacher Miss Zhang的短诗。

近日，又至毕业季，师生们忙着互致临别赠言。

为此，编辑部策划开“A Letter to My Teacher”专栏，邀请你以信件的形式重新投稿。

短诗如下：
My English Teacher Miss Zhang
There is a teacher, Miss Zhang,
Who is friendly, patient and helpful.
Always encouraging us to try,
She leads us to a world of "why".
We all respect and admire her.
注意事项：
1.稿件内容须根据短诗展开合理想象，不得抄写短诗原文：
2.要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合情境。

3.词数在70个左右，稿件的首尾已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数：
4.稿件必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________
【答案】Dear Editorial Office,
I am writing to recommend as The Most Popular Teacher．She is Miss Zhang.
She is my English teacher． She is in her forties． Her small round glasses make her look smart． She often works to high standards and is willing to work extra hours． She is kind and helpful， too． She always helps us with our study． She loves jogging， so she looks healthy． To my surprise， she has donated blood many times since 2001． She has also decided to donate her body for medical research after her death． I really love her and I want to be a teacher like her in the future． I think Miss Zhang is the most suitable person to be the Most Popular Teacher．
I hope that you agree with me．
Yours sincerely，
Beth,【解析】
【详解】
本文是一篇给材料作文。

根据编辑部策划开“A Letter to My Teacher”专栏，邀请你以信件的形式重新投稿。

文章时态用一般现在时，人称主要为第一人称。

本文所给材料比较详细，考生要做的就是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。

动笔前要认真阅读材料，不可遗漏要点，并可适当发挥。

在写作时，注意紧扣主题，连句成篇，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。

同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。

最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。

【点睛】
点睛：首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；最后，要仔细检查有无单词拼写错误、标点符号误用等，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。

7．书面表达
难忘的初中生活即将结束。

你们班计划举行“告别初中生活”的主题班会。

假如你是班长，根据以下提示，用英语写一则通知。

要点如下：
1. 时间：6月26日下午3:00.
2. 地点:六楼会议室
3. 活动内容：
1）对老师用话语表达谢意；2）与同学交流自己的将来的梦想；3)师生合影，互赠留言等等。

参考词汇：look back at , say goodbye to, express thanks to , talk about, take photos..
备注：词数100左右，通知开头已拟好，不计入总数。

Boys and girls,
The wonderful middle school life will go to the end._______________________
【答案】Boys and girls,
The wonderful middle school life will go to the end. In the past three years, we have studied and stayed together. Looking back at the days we spend together, how sweet we feel. In order to keep the happy times in our hearts for ever, we are going to have a class meeting on the afternoon of June 26 next week. The theme of the class meeting is saying goodbye to our middle school life. It will be held in Conference Room on the Sixth Floor.
We are going to have some meaningful activities. To express thanks to our teachers, we each should say a thankful word to our dear teachers. We can chat freely with our classmates and teachers about our plans of the summer vacation. We can even talk about the dreams of our future. Then, we are going to take some photos with our teachers and classmates. In the end, we may give our wishes to each other.
Don't be late! That's all. Thank you!
【解析】
【详解】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如In order to，look back at，be going to，have a class meeting，say goodbye to，talk about，the dreams of，take some photos，in the end，each other，be late等。

而复杂单句结构In order to keep the happy times in our hearts forever, we are going to have a class meeting on the afternoon of June 26 next week./ To express thanks to our teachers, we each should say a thankful word to our dear teachers.和Then, we are going to take some photos with our teachers and classmates.的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。

在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。

【点睛】
书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。

它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。

所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。

8．书面表达
我们在生活中总是面对着各种各样的压力，这会严重妨碍我们的学习和生活。

某中学生英文报正开辟专栏讨论中学生如何减压。

假设你叫李华，请从以下几个方面，用英语写出你的具体做法，向该栏目投稿。

1.与他人交流；
2.参加体育运动；
3.参加娱乐活动；
4.其它减压方式。

参考词汇：stressed adj.有压力的
注意：
1.词数80-120左右；
2.文中不得出现真实人名及学校名；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear editor,
There are many ways for us high school students to relax ourselves.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear editor,
There are many ways for us high school students to relax ourselves.As for me.when I feel stressed,I usually communicate with my friends,parents or teachers.Sometimes I will do sports with my classmates,such as riding bikes,going swimming and so on.I go to the movies or listen to light music in my spare time,too.What's more, going on a trip in holiday is another way to make me relaxed. I believe the more relaxed we are, the happier we live.We will be healthy and learn better .
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇要求介绍自己面对着各种各样的压力是如何做的。

动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。

根据材料可知本文主要是应用第一人称，一般现在时态，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。

注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。

9．书面表达。

29.假如你是李华，你最近认识的美国笔友David给你发了一封电子邮件，向了解你进初三以来在学习和生活方面的一些变化、收获和感受。

请根据下面的提示及你的实际写封回信。

提示：less free time，much homework，more pressure，get into a good high school
more exercise，lose weight join the English Comer，improve English a lot
colorful and meaningful，learn more knowledge
注意：1）词数80左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
2）回复须包括所有药店，可适当发挥，使全文连贯、通顺；
3）文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息。

Dear David，
Thank you so much for your mail. I'm happy to tell you about how my life has changed recently.
【答案】Dear David，
Thank you so much for your mail. I'm happy to tell you about how my life has changed recently. In the past , I had a lot of free time. In my free time , I used to take more exercise to lose weight. My life has changed a lot since I got into a good high school. I have more pressure . I have much homework to do every day . I have less free time to do leisure activities. In my spare time , I join in the English corner to practice my spoken English. This improves my English a lot . I learn more knowledge . My life is busy but it is colorful and meaningful.
Best wishes，
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇材料作文。

【详解】
根据题干“假如你是李华，你最近认识的美国笔友David给你发了一封电子邮件，向了解你进初三以来在学习和生活方面的一些变化、收获和感受。

”要求可知，本文用现在完成时、一般现在时和一般过去时，人称是第一人称。

英语作文一般分为三个部分：
第一部分：开篇点题——介绍我进初三以来在学习和生活方面的一些变化、收获和感受。

第二部分：文章主体——根据提示内容，依次介绍我进初三以来在学习和生活方面的一些变化、收获和感受。

这里要分为三个小节：
小节1：过去我的学习和生活是什么样的——有肯多课余时间做自己喜欢的事情。

用一般
过去时。

小节2：进初三以来在学习和生活方面发生了变化。

用现在完成时。

小节3：介绍现在的生活状态——忙碌的学习。

用一般现在时。

第三部分：总结全文——我的生活很忙但是很有意义。