湖北武汉市第十一中学高中任务型阅读知识点和相关练习试题百度文库

一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．任务型阅读
Information Overload
In modern society，if we're trying to make a decision，we often have so much information that we get confused，and we don't know what to do．This state is known as information overload．________ It can cause stress，frustration and reduced productivity．But what can we do in the face of information overload？
•Plan for only one time each day to check e-mail，social messaging sites，Wechat，etc．Don't allow yourself to check multiple times，unless you truly are waiting for an important e-mail．________And that eats up your valuable time before getting away．
If you are suffering from too many electronic interruptions during the weekday，ask people to call or text you during work hours only if it's really an emergency．________
Remind yourself that it's okay to not know everything．In fact，it's impossible to keep up with the pace of the information superhighway．The sooner you accept that，the happier you'll be．________ It is good to fall behind on the information that really isn't worth your attention． ________Set aside a regular time each week where you and other family members do not use any kind of electronic media technologies，including television．It could be something you do every weekend，or perhaps an hour or two every evening．
A．Just catch up with the happiest moment．
B．Know what's worth knowing and what isn't．
C．Each time you go online，you run the risk of being addicted to it．
D．Spend time with your family free from electronic products．
E．We need to find some effective ways to process the information．
F． Almost everyone suffers from it to some degree．
G．Otherwise they and you end up stealing time from your employer．
【答案】F；C；G；B；D
【解析】【分析】我们经常有这么多的信息以至于我们会感到迷惑从而不知道如何选择，本文作者就针对如何面对信息过剩这一问题，给出了自己的建议。

（1）语义理解。

由This state is known as information overload．和It can cause stress，frustration and reduced productivity．But what can we do in the face of information overload？可知这里意思是几乎每个人在某种程度上都在遭受这种痛苦，故答案为F。

（2）语义理解。

由And that eats up your valuable time before getting away．这会在你离开之前浪费你宝贵的时间。

可知这里意思是每次你上网都会冒着沉迷于网络的风险，故答案为C。

（3）语义理解。

由If you are suffering from too many electronic interruptions during the weekday，ask people to call or text you during work hours only if it's really an emergency．如果工作日你有太多的电子干扰救就让人们只有在紧急情况下才能在工作时间打电话或发短信给你。

可知这里意思是否则，他们和你最终会从雇主那里偷时间，故答案为G。

（4）语义理解。

由It is good to fall behind on the information that really isn't worth your attention落后于那些不值得你注意的信息是很好的。

可知这里意思是知道什么是值得了解的，什么是不值得的，故答案为B。

（5）语义理解。

由Set aside a regular time each week where you and other family members do not use any kind of electronic media technologies，including television．可知这里意思是花时间和你的家人在一起，免于受到电子设备的干扰，故答案为D。

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案，在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

2．（2019•江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

The Cost of Thinking
Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.
The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals (哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.
The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain—consumption of energy—on the body. I's not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull (倾骨). It's even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.
Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.
Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands backaches and painful necks.
We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus humans who
lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.
physical；beat；fearful/afraid
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人用大脑思考的代价。

人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。

超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。

直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。

但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。

人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。

（1）信息归纳题。

根据第一段“all human beings share defining characteristics ,such as large brains and the ability t o walk upright on two legs.”可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。

故填characteristics。

（2）信息归纳题。

此题就是对第三段内容的总结。

第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。

因此本空格填写disadvantages。

（3）信息来源题。

根据第三段中的“a huge brain is a huge drain--consumption of energy ”以及“It (the brain) consumes 25% o f the body's energy when the body is at rest.By comparison the brains of apes require only 8% of rest- time energy”可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。

当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。

相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。

人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。

故填energy。

（4）信息归纳题。

分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。

故填impact(s)。

（5）信息转换题。

根据第五段的第一句“Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies.”可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。

站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。

找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。

因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。

“guard against...”为固定搭配，意为“防御......”，故填guard。

（6）信息来源题。

根据第五段中的”...their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes ,like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands. ”可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。

故填other。

（7）信息归纳题。

根据第五段“walking upright has disadvantages. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on four and a relative small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge , especially when the bones had to support an extra -large skull.” 可知，直立行走也有缺点。

我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。

直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。

故本空填limits。

（8）信息转换题。

根据第六段“..., Humankind paid for its vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks.” 可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。

由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。

（9）信息归纳题。

根据最后一段“We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.”可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。

很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。

由此可推断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。

故填beat。

（10）信息归纳题。

根据最后一段“...humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat--eating animals.”可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。

因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。

因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，信息转换题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

3．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

Pretending you're someone else can make you creative
One great irony(讽刺) about our collective fascination with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: We are either "creative" people or we aren't, without much of a middle ground.
Pillay, a tech businessman and Harvard professor has spent a good part of his career destroying these ideas. Pillay believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to dismiss the conventional advice that urges you to "believe in yourself". In fact, you should do the exact opposite: believe you are someone else.
In a recent column for Harvard Business Review, Pillay pointed to a 2016 study showing the impact of stereotypes(刻板印象)on one's behavior. The authors, education psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into three categories, instructing the members of one group to think of themselves as "eccentric(古怪的) poets" and the members of another to imagine they were "rigid librarians" (people in the third category, the control group, were left alone for this part). The researchers then presented participants with 10 ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as "eccentric poets" came up with the widest range of ideas for the objects, while those in the "rigid librarian" group had the fewest. Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students' creativity levels across academic majors—in fact, the physics majors inhabiting(寄生) the personas(伪装的外表) of "eccentric poets" came up with more ideas than the art majors did. These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual quality, but a "malleable(可塑的) product of context and perspective." Everyone can be creative, as long as they feel like creative people.
Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that identifying yourself with creativity is less powerful than the creative act of imagining you're somebody else. This exercise, which he calls "psychological halloweenism", refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona—an inner costuming of the self. It works because it is an act of "conscious unfocus", a way of positively stimulating the default mode(默认模式) network, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.
Most of us spend too much time worrying about two things: How successful/unsuccessful we are, and how little we're focusing on the task at hand. The former feeds the latter—an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe. Thus, we force ourselves into quiet areas, buy noise canceling headphones, and hate ourselves for taking breaks.
What makes Pillay's argument stand out is its healthy, forgiving realism: According to him, most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of "unfocus". This doesn't make us lazy people—it makes us human. The idea behind psychological halloweenism is: What if we stopped judging ourselves for our mental down time, and instead started using it? Putting this new idea on daydreaming means addressing two problems at once: You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.
Title: Pretending you're someone else can make you creative
creativity；individual/personal；positively；subscribes；realistic/practical；forgive
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了假装你是别人会让你更有创造力。

（1）考查信息归纳。

根据第一段中的“One great irony(讽刺) about our collective fascination wi th creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways.”可知，我们大多数人对自己要么有创造力要么没有创造力的想法印象深刻:两者之间不存在中间地带。

故答案为fascinated/impressed。

（2）考查信息归纳。

根据第二段中的“Pillay believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to dismiss the conventional advice that urges you to ’believe in yourself‘. In fact, you should do the exact opposite: believe you are someone else.”可知，与普遍的看法相反，皮莱的建议是，你应该相信你是别人。

故答案为Contrary。

（3）考查信息归纳。

根据第三段中的“instructing the members of one group to think of themselves as ’eccentric(古怪的) p oets‘ and the members of another to imagine they were ’rigid librarians‘(people in the third category, the control group, were left alone for this part).”可知，其中一组被要求认为自己是“古怪的诗人”，另一组是“刻板的图书管理员”，第三组作为对照组。

故答案为worked/acted/served/functioned。

（4）考查句义理解。

根据第三段中的“The researchers then presented participants with 10 ordinary objects，including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with
as many different uses as possible for each one.”可知，前两组被要求为每个给定对象想出尽可能多的不同用途。

故答案为given。

（5）考查句义理解。

根据第三段中的“Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students' creativity levels across academic majors—in fact, the physics majors inhabiting(寄生) the personas(伪装的外表) of ’eccentric poets‘ came up with more ideas than the art majors did.”可知，学生的创造力水平并不总是与专业类型成正比。

故答案为creativity。

（6）考查原词复现。

根据第四段中的“These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual quality, but a ’malleable(可塑的) product of context and perspective.‘”可知，因此，创造力可能是环境和视角的产物，而不是个人的东西。

故答案为individual/personal。

（7）考查信息归纳。

根据第五段中的”This exercise, which he calls “psychological halloweenism", refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona—an inner costuming of the self. It works because it is an act of ’conscious unfocus‘, a way of positively stimulating t he default mode(默认模式) network.“可知，"psychological halloweenism"的实施是指通过积极刺激默认模式网络，有意识地成为他人的行为。

故答案为positively。

（8）考查句义理解。

根据最后一段中的”Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that identifying yourself with creativity is less powerful than the creative act of imagining you're somebody else.“可知，Pillay坚决支持把你想象成别人的观点，并建议我们不要担心自己有多成功或不成功。

故答案为subscribes。

（9）考查概括总结。

根据右栏内容可知这里在讲述“演习的现实意义”。

故答案为realistic/practical。

（10）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的”You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.“可知，我们完全有权利原谅自己注意力不集中，因为这不仅是人性的表现，而且还能让我们更有创造力和富有成效。

故答案为forgive。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，句义理解，原词复现，概括总结和推理判断五个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

4．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Daily overuse of media and technology has a bad effect on the health of all children and teenagers by making them more open to anxiety, and more at risk of future health problems.________ Many newer apps automatically show where the users are when they're used. This can tell anyone out there exactly where to find the person using the app.
________They are also upset about their kids spending time on Facebook accounts instead of getting down to their homework assignments, and are afraid of what can come out of their online connections.
________ One way is to make a “social media agreement” with your kids—a real contract they can sign. In it, they can agree to protect their own privacy, consider their reputation, and not give out personal information.________
In turn, parents agree to respect teens' privacy while making an effort to be part of the social media world. Parents also can help kids spend less time on the computer by putting limits on media use.________Avoid laptops and smartphones in bedrooms, and set some rules on the use of technology. And don't forget that setting a good example through your own virtual behavior can go a long way toward helping your kids use social media safely.
A. Trust their children more.
B. Keep computers in public areas in the house.
C. It's important to be aware of what your kids are doing online.
D. Besides, they promise never to use technology to hurt anyone else.
E. Spending too much time on social media can make kids feel upset, too.
F. Kids also can face the possibility of meeting the wrong person lace to face.
G. Parents often say that kids would rather be online than hang around with them.
【答案】 F；G；C；D；B
【解析】【分析】文章介绍了每天过度使用媒体和技术会对所有儿童和青少年的健康造成不良影响，父母的担心和解决办法。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上句讲每天过度使用媒体和技术会对所有儿童和青少年的健康造成不良影响，使他们更容易焦虑，更容易出现健康问题。

F项：孩子们也会面临着遇到错误的人的可能性，与上文并列，也是对青少年的另一方面的危害，故答案选F。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

本段讲父母们担心孩子在网络上花时间太多而不认真写作业，G项：家长们常说孩子们宁愿上网而不愿和他们在一起，符合本段内容，都是说明家长对这种现象的看法，故答案选G。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上文讲这种现象和家长们的担心，本段讲解决问题的办法之一就是与你的孩子签订一份“社交媒体协议”，C项：知道你的孩子在网上做什么很重要，承上启下，指出了问题的严重性和解决办法，故答案选C。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

与本段One way呼应，办法之一就是与你的孩子签订一份“社交媒体协议”，此外就是他们承诺永远不会用技术伤害别人。

D项表达了此意，故答案选D。

（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

本段讲父母帮助孩子减少上网时间的具体措施，B项：把电脑放在家里的公共区域，是措施之一，故答案选B。

【点评】七选五阅读设空在句首时，存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。

这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。

2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。

着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。

通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。

5．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Yellow Robot deliver snacks to your home
A robot makes its way back to a supermarket after making a delivery during a demonstration in Beijing.
Along a street on the outer edges of Beijing, a yellow and black cube about the size of a small washing machine moves leisurely to its destination. This “little yellow horse” is a delivery robot, transporting daily essentials like drinks, fruit and snacks from the local store to the residents. Equipped with GPS system, cameras and radar, the robot is seen by its creator as the future of logistics(物流) in China.
“The weak point is that it can't deliver directly to the door like a human.” said one customer, who does not live on the ground floor. “But it is still quite practical. The robot delivers relatively quickly.”
The robot takes off for Chinese customers' love of cashless payments and smartphone shopping. China is the world's biggest online shopping market with more than half of its population making at least one smartphone purchase per month, according to professional services firm PricewaterhouseCoopers. Whether buying electronics, toilet paper or clothes, Chinese customers are used to simply tapping a button on their smartphone and getting a home delivery.
To get a delivery via the “little yellow horse”, customers select the desired products, tap in the address and pay via their phone. Then, the supermarket staff place the items in the robot.
Liu Zhiyong, founder and CEO of Zhen Robotics, which manufactures the robot, sees a bright future for his creation. “At the moment, there are 100 million packages delivered every day in China. It will be one billion in the future,” Liu said. “ There will not be enough humans to make the deliveries. We need more and more robo ts to fill this gap and reduce costs.” These costs are especially high in the last kilometer of a delivery.
（1）What is the yellow robot equipped with? (no more than 8 words)
（2）What is the weak point of the yellow robot? (no more than 12 words)
（3）Why is the robot popular with Chinese people? (no more than 12 words)
（4）What does the underlined word “manufactures” mean in the passage? (no more than 1 words)
（5）What do you think of the invention of the yellow robot? Why? (no more than 20words) 【答案】（1）GPS system, cameras and radar.
（2）It can't deliver directly to the door like a human.
（3）Because of Chinese customers' love of cashless payments and smartphone shopping./Because Chinese customers love cashless payments and smartphone shopping.
（4）Invents; Creates; Produces;（形式不对减一分）
（5）It is very helpful. Because the robot can replace humans to make the delivers and the robot can reduce costs.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了黄色的快递机器人以及它的市场前景。

（1）考查信息提升能力。

根据第二段中的“Equipped with GPS system, cameras and ra dar,
the robot is seen by its creator as the future of logistics(物流) in China.”可知黄色的机器人装备有GPS系统，摄像头和雷达，所以填GPS system, cameras and radar。

（2）考查信息提升能力。

根据第三段中的“‘The weak point is that it can't deliver directly to the door like a human.’said one customer, who does not live on the ground floor.”可知黄色机器人的缺点是它不能像人一样直接送货上门，所以填It can't deliver directly to the door like a human。

（3）考查信息提升能力。

根据第四段中的“The robot takes off for Chinese customers' love of cashless payments and smartphone shopping.”可知机器人在中国很受欢迎是因为中国消费者喜欢无现金支付和智能手机购物，所以填Because of Chinese customers' love of cashless payments and smartphone shopping./Because Chinese customers love cashless payments and smartphone shopping。

（4）考查信息提升能力。

上文“Liu Zhiyong, founder and CEO of Zhen Robotics”甄机器人创始人兼CEO刘志勇，由此推断出下文which manufactures the robot, sees a bright future for his creation.的意思是他制造了这款机器人，看到了他的创造的光明前景。

manufacture意思是发明创造，这里含有一个定语从句，Liu Zhiyong是先行词，关系词替代先行词，定语从句中，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要用单数，所以填Invents; Creates; Produces。

（5）考查信息提升能力。

题干询问你觉得黄色机器人的发明怎么样?为什么?同学们根据自己的想法，自由作答。

【点评】本题涉及考查信息提升能力，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

6．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

After a long day at work, coming home is a breath of fresh air. Home is a comfortable place to sit back and relax. ________ Below are a number of things we can do to create a healthy home environment that will help to ease the workday stress and promote our physical and mental health.
Cleaning the house regularly is the first thing we should do. It may seem like a tiring thing to clean but there is a reason for doing so. We can remove dust by cleaning the house. Leaving layers of dust everywhere means that there is a build-up of dust. And where do these layers of dust go?________
Making sure the rooms are full of sunlight is also important. We may not realize it but sunlight is an important part of our growth. We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions. ________ Think about using a Parans system where sunlight does not reach. This technology gathers the sunlight by using solar panels. It can send out sunlight wherever we are.
________ Going green will help to remove toxins(毒素)in the air. They also give off oxygen, which can lower stress and improve our moods.
Along the lines of being green, it can also be vital to think about what things we are bringing into the house. Try to avoid specific plastics that are harmful to health. ________ They may contain poisonous chemicals that can be breathed in, or simple absorbed through the skin.
A. However, is it as healthy as it can be?
B. Is our home as comfortable as it used to be?
C. Into our lungs.
D. The same thing applies to certain carpets and paint.
E. Besides, it can reduce both stress and high blood pressure.
F. It is also a good idea to add more plants in our house.
G. It is acknowledges that a greener lifestyle is linked to better health.
【答案】 A；C；E；F；D
【解析】【分析】本文属于说明文，家是一个让人感到舒适温馨的地方，介绍营造健康家庭环境的方法。

（1）根据后一句以下是几件值得做的事情来创建健康的家庭环境，以此缓解我们的压力，改善我们的身体和精神健康，A选项，我们现在的家还一如既往的健康吗？后一句是对这一句的回答，一问一答，切题，故选A。

（2）根据前一句And where do these layers of dust go?可知，这些灰尘去哪里了？本空是对上一句的回答，故C选项，这些灰尘进入了我们的肺部，切题，故选C。

（3）本段主要讲述阳光的重要性，以及前一句We all know that sunlight promotes better working conditions.，阳光可以改善我们工作条件，E选项，除此之外，还可以减轻压力和降低高血压，同样陈述阳光的好处，切题，故选E。

（4）本空是本段第一句，根据后一句Going green will help to remove toxins(毒素)in the air.可知，本段讲述绿色植物的重要性，故F选项，家里种绿色植物是个好主意，切题，故选F。

（5）根据前一句Try to avoid specific plastics that are harmful to health.可知，努力避免使用对身体有害的塑料制品，D选项，同样也适用某些地毯和涂料，都阐述避免进入家里的物品，切合主题，故选D。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。

2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。

3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

7．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Seven years ago, my wife told our 6-year-old daughter about our wedding weekend. My wife had moved back home to spend the weekend with her family.
As I was tucking our daughter in (把女儿的被子掖好) later that night, she asked if she could "come home like mommy did" when she got married one day. (Hopefully, one day far off into the future...) I told her our house would always be open to her. She gave me a big hug and a kiss on the cheek. She was extremely happy.
After a few seconds, I could see her mind churning (思绪翻腾)—the happiness dissipated. She pushed her finger into my belly and told me in low spirits, "Your belly is too big and you are too fat. I don't know if you are going to make it."
I was shocked. It was true that my health had fallen into a huge decline in the previous five
years as I was building Contegix. I had not thought of it as destroying a future with my family. A 6-year-old girl saw what I missed.
I decided to run a mile the next morning. I couldn't make it 1/4 mile. I didn't give up and went out the next morning.
Seven years later, I have lost 60 pounds and regularly run ultra marathons. I attempted my first 100 miles last August, but I missed the terminal point at mile 87 after running on a torn hamstring (腿筋撕裂) for the previous 79 miles.
Yet, the most important distance I will ever go will be walking her down the aisle (结婚) one day. I would not make it if it hadn't been for the honesty and innocence of a 6-year-old.
（1）Why was the author's daughter happy? (no more than 15 words)
（2）What does the underlined word "dissipated" in Paragraph 3 mean? (one word)
（3）What happened to the author as he was building Contegix? (no more than 10 words) （4）What does the author regularly do seven years later? (no more than 5 words)
（5）What do you think of the author? Please explain. (no more than 25 words)
【答案】（1）Because she was told the house would be always open to her.
Or: Because the author told her their house would be always open to her.
（2）disappeared. /vanished.
（3）His health declined. /His health fell into a huge decline.
（4）He regularly runs ultra marathons.
Or: Running ultra marathons.
（5）He's a good father because he didn't want to disappoint his daughter and began to take care of his health (take exercise regularly) for his family.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者与女儿7年前的一段对话，是女儿所说的话让作者更加关注自己的健康并给了作者减肥的决心和动力，与此同时作者也不想让女儿失望。

七年之后作者减掉了60磅，并参加了超级马拉松，由于腿筋撕裂，作者没有完成比赛，但作者很满足，作者认为最重要的距离是在女儿结婚时，陪女儿走过红地毯的距离。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“I told her our house would always be open to her. She gave me a big hug and a kiss on the cheek. She was extremely happy.”可知，作者的女儿快乐是因为作者告诉她他们家的门永远向她敞开。

故填Because she was told the house would be always open to her. Or: Because the author told her their house would be always open to her.（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“She pushed her finger into my belly and told me in low spirits.”可知，女儿情绪变得低落，所以"dissipated"意思是Disappeared./Vanished (消失) 的意思，女儿的快乐了。

故填disappeared./vanished.
（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“It was true that my health had fallen into a huge decline in the previous five years as I was building Contegix.”可知，作者在建造Contegix时，作者的健康状况急剧下降。

故填His health declined./His health fell into a huge decline.
（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“Seven years later, I have lost 60 pounds and regularly run ultra marathons.”可知，七年后，作者减掉了60磅，并定期参加超级马拉松比。