状语从句

一．No less than , not less than, no more than, not less than 的区别：

no less than不亚于，竟达……之多 1)The audience was no less than five thousand. 听众有五千人之多。 2)That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢。 not less than不比……差，至少 1)I'll stay here not less than three days. 我将待在这里至少三天。 no more than同样不；仅仅，只有 1)He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。 2)It's no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 3)It is no more than ten minutes' walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 not more than不比……更，不如；至多 1）He is not more diligent than you are.他不象你那样勤奋。（重点在you are diligent 。他也勤奋，但不如你勤奋。） 2)I'll stay here not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。 no less .. than不少于,不亚于 1) He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亚于部长。 not less than 至少和…一样 1)She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和玛丽一样美丽。

二．Through, across, cross, over的区别：

答：1.across是介词通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其含义常与介词on有关，常和表示“走”一类的动词（如：walk，run，fly，jump 等）连用。

Go across the bridge，and you’ll find the park.

越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。

The little girl ran across the road.这个小女孩横穿马路。

2. cross是动词，表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。

The old man is crossing the road.这位老人正在穿过马路。

Be careful when you cross the street.过街时你要小心。

3. through是介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另一端，但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。

The river runs through the city.这条河从这座城市中间流过。

Can you see it through this hole?你能透过这个洞看到它吗？

through与cross的不同在于through是直过cross是横过

例:I went across the road = I cross the road我横过马路(经斑马线)

The car went through the road汽车经过马路(沿着马路)

4. over是介词，用作“穿过、通过”时，表示到达高的障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一侧。

He jumped over the wall.他跳过了墙。

The horse jumped over the fence.马跳过栅栏。

注意：如果不强调动作，只说明处于墙、篱笆或山等障碍物的另一侧时，over和across也可互换。

If we can be over/across the mountain before 8 o’clock，we can be helped.

如果我们八点前能到达山那边，我们就能获救。

三．状语从句大PARTY

状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

一、时间状语从句要点: 时间状语从句，由以下连词引导：

when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。

when当。。。的时候

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特的时候，开始写音乐作品。

2.while当。。。时

He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。

3.as在。。。的同时；一边。。。一边。。。

He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。

4.after在。。。之后

He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.前几天做完作业之后回的家。

5.before 在。。。之前

Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here. 布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。

6.as soon as 一。。。就。。。

We began to work as soon as we got there.我们一到那就开始工作。

I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信。来源：

7.since 自。。。以来到现在

表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.

自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。

(还可以用作介词，本句从句还可以用短语：since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示。)

8 till /until都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其它词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。

They walked till /until it was dark.他们一直走到天黑。

Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家。

by the time 到。。。为止(所在句子的主句应用完成时)

By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候，他爸爸已经走了。

By the time I got to school, the class had already began.我到校时，已经开始上课了。

难点——as when while的辨析

as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下：

表示“一边。。。一边＂的意思

as 强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时

用于发生时间较段时

when 1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作＂之前＂或＂之后＂发生。

2、when＝and then; at that moment (正在那个时候)

while 1、用于时间较长时

2、强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时，有时这三个连词可以互换，有时不可以。

It was raining hard when (as) I got there.

我到那里时，正在下大雨。( 动作同时发生，when可换为as, 但不能换为while，因为get是点动词.)

When I had read the article, he called me.

我看完这篇文章之后，她给我打了电话。( 从句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用when )

When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.

(当)我到了电影院时，电影已经开演了。(从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意时态)

He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.

他正要离开，忽然电话响了。( 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达“正在” “即将”.

while, as不能代替) 考点

She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

他以为我在谈她女儿，然而，实际上在谈论我女儿。(表转折，对比，when, as都不能代替它) 考点

While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.

外星人买纪念品时，那女孩给警察打了电话。(表示主句，从句的动作同时发生，while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词，因为它表示较长时间)考点

Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away.

妈妈担心，因为小爱丽丝病了，特别是他父亲不在家的时候。(此时as ,when, while可通用)

知识扩展 1. It is since从。。。以来多长时间了(因为since +从句或名词，表示一段时间)

It is five years since we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。

2. It is +before…(。。。才) It was a long time before I went to sleep again.过了很长时间我才睡着。