2022年高考英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
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高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设,所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句可分为三种,即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
(1)表示与现在事实相反
If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
(2)表示与过去事实相反
If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.
(3)表示与将来事实相反
I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.
1. 虚拟条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中,为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性,或突出说话人的一种主观愿望,虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if,把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如:Had I been(= If I had been ) in that situation, I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.
Should there be (= If there should be) a drought, what should we do at that time ?
2. 错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致,这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如:
If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ,thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
3. 含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如:with,otherwise,without,but for,in that position)、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
这种句子称为含蓄条件句。
例如:
But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college.
二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用
在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议或命令等。
根据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。
(一)should类
这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的,should可以省略。
其具体运用体现在:
1. 在suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:He suggests that she should leave the house at once.
The leader ordered that the task(should) be finished as soon as possible.
He proposed that we (should)deal with the problem by the view of development.
2. 与suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion,order,demand,proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:The general sent the order that the battle (should)be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.
My proposal is that we(should) set a deadline for handing in the plan.
3. 在It is/was suggested (ordered,demanded,proposed,etc.)结构以及necessary,essential,important,strange,natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如:
It’s requested that we (should)keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
It is necessary that the badly wounded man(should) be treated immediately. (二)过去时态类
英语中,还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子,也要使用虚拟语气,虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态(如:一般过去时、过去完成时等)来体现的。
1. wish,would rather 后的宾语从句。
如:
He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.
I would rather you could teach me again.
2. as if,as though引导的从句。
如:
The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.
He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.
3. 由if only (要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。
如:
If only I had passed the test!
If only it stopped raining!
4. It is(about/high) time 后的定语从句。
如:
It is time we went out for a walk.
It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.
三、虚拟语气的其它用法
在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟语气。
如:
Would you mind smoking here?
May you be lucky!
Long live the people of China!
God save me.
虚拟语气练习题
1.—The rain is coming down so hard!
—________ my umbrella this morning, I wouldn’t be trapped here now.
A.Did I take B.Had I taken
C.Were I to take D.Would I take
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装。
句意:——雨下得这么大! ——如果今天早上我拿了伞,我就不会被困在这里了。
此句是if引导的虚拟语气,从句与过去的事实相反,用过去完成态。
句中将if省略,则把助动词had提到主语前面,故答案为B。
2.The boss requested that he _____ there to work.
A.was sent B.be sent
C.should send D.would be sent
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气及被动语态。
句意:老板要求派他去那里工作。
当request表示“要求”时,引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,即(should)+ 动词原形。
结合句意可知此处he是“被派”,用被动语态。
故选B项。
考点:考查虚拟语气及被动语态
3. for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A.If it is not B.Were it not
C.Had it not been D.If it were to be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果没有那些免费的票,我不会去影院这么频繁。
If虚拟条件句的否定(含蓄条件句)常考两个句型:If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…,其意为“若不是(有)”“要不是”。
从句中如果有助动词had, should或were时,可以省略if,而从句使用倒装语序。
故选C。
4. ________ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. A.Hadn’t it been B.Had it not been C.Was it not D.Were it not
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。
本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故从句用had + v-ed,主句用would/could/should/might + have + v-ed。
这里的从句用了倒装结构Had it not been=" If" it had not been。
句意:要不是她摔断了腿这样的事实,她也许会通过考试。
故B正确。
考点:考查虚拟语气
5.If George had followed his father’s advice, he ________ a lawyer now.
A.is B.would be
C.has been D.would have been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
如果George听从了他父亲的建议,他现在将是一名律师了。
虚拟时需将句子时态在原基础上往前推一个,例从句中与过去事实不符,用了过去完成时。
而主句中由提示词now,说明与现在事实不符,需变成过去将来时,故选B
6.—It's a pity that Andrew didn't want to go to the conference.
—________ willing to go,we could have paid all his expenses.
A.Had he been B.Being
C.Was he D.He had been
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
A
解析考查虚拟语气与倒装。
根据第一句中的时态可知此处是对过去情况的虚拟,意思是“如果他愿意去,我们会支付他所有的费用”。
此处是省略了虚拟条件句中的if而引起的倒装,其正常语序应为“If he had been willing to go”。
7.Imagine what today’s life would be like if Alexander Bell _____ the telephone more than 130 years ago!
A.didn’t invent B.wouldn’t invent
C.hadn’t invented D.wouldn’t have invented
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:想象一下如果贝尔130年前没有发明电话,现在的生活会是什么样子?根据句意可知,本句是条件状语从句的混合条件句,主句与现在的情况相反,使用情态动词+动词原形;从句与过去的情况相反,使用过去完成时;故选C。
8.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A.have had B.had had C.have D.had
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查虚拟语气。
句意:对不起,我很忙。
要是我有空的话,我肯定会和你一起去郊游。
既然I am too busy,说明“我有空”只能是对现在的一种假设,所以此处为虚拟语气。
含有主从复合句的虚拟语气在if从句中谓语动词通常用过去式形式表现在,所以答案应选had。
9. What do you think of the suggestion _______ he offered us _______ we go to New York for our holiday?
A.what; that B.which; that
C.which; what D.what; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查定语从句和同位语从句:句意:你认为他提供给我们的建议我们去纽约度假怎样?第一空是定语从句先行词是suggestion,定语从句中缺少宾语,用which引导定语从句,第二空是同位语从句,同位词是suggestion,that连接同位语从句,说明suggestion 的内容,that不能省略。
选B。
考点:考查定语从句和同位语从句
点评:定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析,关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as, who在句中做主语,宾语,表语或者定语;where, why, when在句中做状语。
要分析句子成分,看缺少什么成分,就选用相应的关系词。
同位语从句和定语从句不一样,同位语从句是对同位词内容的说明不是修饰,同位语从句的that不能省略。
10.(2017•天津)—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A.hadn’t been B.wouldn’t have been
C.weren’t D.wouldn’t be
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析:
【名师点睛】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?--有。
否则我昨天就联系不到她了。
根据标志词otherwise,相当于一个条件状语从句:If I hadn't have her phone number,即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句,可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done表示对过去情况的虚拟,故选B。
【点睛】
if的虚拟语气非常重要,首先要熟悉基本用法:1、表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句:If 主语+过去时(be动词用were);主句:主语+should/would/could/might+do:2、表示与过去事实相反的情况,从句:If主语+had+done;主句:主语+should/ would/ could/ might+have done3、表示对将来情况的主观推测,从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语
+should+do ③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/were ;主句:主语+should /would/ could
/might+do,另外要注意从句也可以省略if,把had,were,should提前。
这句话的虚拟语气是根据标志词otherwise和句意推断出主句是对过去的虚拟。
11.—I’m worried about the sports meet. Do you think it will be postponed?
—If it ______ rain tomorrow, but actually the weather forecast has removed our worry. A.could B.would
C.might D.Should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。
从第二句后半句可知,明天不会下雨,因此判断为虚拟语气,而对将来的虚拟应用should + do,故选D。
句意,——我很担心明天的运动会,你觉得会被推迟吗?——如果明天下雨的话会,但事实上天气预报已经排除了这一担忧。
考点:考查定虚拟语气
12._____ the College of Medicine, I would be a doctor with much practical experiences now. A.If I attended B.Had I attended C.If I should attend D.Were I to attend 【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果我上过医学院,我现在就会成为一个有很多实践经验的医生。
从句是if引导的条件状语从句表示与过去的事实相反,动词用过去完成时。
此句中有had 可以将if省略had提前,故选B.
13.We _______ home now if you hadn’t taken the wrong turning.
A.would be B.are
C.were D.will be
【答案】A
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:如果你没有拐错弯,我们现在已经在家了。
此处是虚拟语气,从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时,主句表示与现在的事实相反用would/should/could/might+动词原形,故选A。
【名师点睛】
虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,要区别对待。
从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。
如:
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会是工程师了。
此处从句指过去的事实,如果当初努力学习,主句和现在事实相反,指现在就是工程师了。
本题考查此结构,从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时,主句表示与现在的事实相反用would/should/could/might+动词原形。
从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。
如:
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。
从句现在事实是他不认识她,主句与过去事实相反,指他没去问候。
从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。
如:
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄稼会长得更好。
从句与过去相反指今年下雨很多,主句与现在情况相反指庄稼没有长好。
14.They desired that they __________ the right to attend the meeting.
A.had B.have C.are D.were
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析:句意:他们要求他们有权力去参加会议。
这里have the right to do有权力做某事。
因为主句的谓语动词是desire它的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气,从句的谓语应该用should+动词原形。
should可以省略。
故选B。
考点:考查虚拟语气的语法。
点评:本题难度适中。
虚拟语气是近几年高考的热点,虚拟语气的情况复杂,形式多样,需要考生牢记它们的不同的用法,再根据不同的语境分析句子应该用哪种情况的虚拟。
用should表示的情况特别多,需要考生牢记它们的语法。
即学即练:The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I __________ to it.
A. have not gone
B. did not go
C. can not have gone
D. had not gone
解析:D。
句意:由上半句背景句可以看出这是与过去事实相反,因此wish后的从句用过去完成时。
15.Without your help, I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest.
A.won’t get B.didn’t get
C.wouldn’t get D.wouldn’t have got
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:没有你的帮助,在英语演讲比赛中我就不会得第一名。
此处与过去的事实相反,Without your help相当于if引导的非真实条件句,故答案为D。
【名师点睛】
without引导的虚拟语气
1.与现在事实相反:
Without air,man couldn't exist on the earth.没有空气的话,人类将不能在地球上生存。
谓语动词:would/could/might (not) do sth.
2.与过去事实相反:
Without your help,I would have failed the exam last week.没有你帮助的话,我上周考试可能就通不过了。
谓语动词:would/could/might (not) have done sth.
3.与将来事实相反:
Without your ticket,I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.要是没有你的票的话,我明天就不能去听音乐会了。
谓语动词:would/could/might (not) do sth.
16.When it comes to death, Vincent Van Gogh ________ by others in that his wound didn’t indicate suicide, while Albert Einstein ________ longer but he refused surgery,
A.may have been killed; should have lived
B.should have been killed; should have lived
C.may have been killed; must have lived
D.should have been killed: must have lived
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词和虚拟语气。
句意:谈到死亡,文森特·梵高可能被其他人杀害,因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀,而阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦本应该活得更长,但他拒绝接受手术。
A. may have been killed; should have lived可能被其他人杀害,本应该活得更长;B. should have been killed; should have lived本应该被其他人杀害,本应该活得更长;C. may have been killed; must have lived可能被其他人杀害,一定活了很长;D. should have been killed: must have lived本应该被其他人杀害,一定活了很长。
结合句意,may have done 表示对发生过的事
情的推测,should have done 本应该做某事,实际未做,符合句意。
故选A项。
17.Though his face suggested that there________ nothing serious, the doctor still suggested he ________ in bed for a few days.
A.was, stay B.was, stayed
C.be, stayed D.be, stay
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查suggest用法。
suggest表示建议的时候,后面的句子使用虚拟语气:should do构成,should可以省略;当suggest表示暗示,说明的时候,后面使用陈述语气。
第一空前的suggest意为暗示,说明,所以使用陈述语气;第二空前的suggest意为建议,后面使用虚拟语气。
结合句意可知A正确。
句意:尽管他的脸表明没有什么严重的事情,但医生还是建议他卧床几天。
故选A。
【点睛】
Suggest用法小结
1.suggest表示建议
1)suggest+doing sth.
He suggested going out for a walk.
2)suggest +(that )+主语+(should) do+sth 其中的should 可以省略
He suggested that you should go there tomorrow.
=He suggested you go there tomorrow.
注意,不可以这样说:He suggested you to go there tomorrow.也就是说suggest不可以加不定式的复合结构.
3)it is suggested that +主语+(should )do sth.
It is suggested that the work (should) be finished at once.
4)suggestion做主语时,其后的表语从句也用这个结构即:The suggestion is that +主语
+should +do sth
His suggestion is that I should leave for Beijing immediately.
2.suggest 表示暗示或表明之意,注意此时做主语时后面的表语从句用陈述语气
Her yawn suggested that she was sleepy.她哈欠连天表明她困了。
18.Cristiano Ronaldo, who won four Champions League titles in nine seasons, makes it compulsory that, _______ you must remember, in order to succeed you ____ optimistic. A.what; are B.as; will be
C./; must be D.which; be
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句和虚拟语气。
句意:克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多,在九个赛季中赢得了四次冠军联赛的冠军,你必须要记住,为了取得成功,你必须保持乐观。
本句的第一个空是定语从句的关系词,which指代前面的句子。
第二个空是虚拟语气should be optimistic,其中的should省略。
第二句是考查名词从句,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是that in order to succeed you (should) be optimistic.英语中it is compulsory that…从句中要用虚拟语气should
do…,should可省略。
句中的should省略了。
分析选项可知D项符合题意,故选D项。
19.Donald. J. Trump insists that he ______ the phone in his Government office all the time, instead of his own cellphone and that the New York Times ______ the fake news.
A.uses; stops B.use; stops
C.uses; stop D.use; stop
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查insist的用法。
句意:Donald. J. Trump坚称他一直在使用政府办公室的电话,而不是自己的手机,并且坚持要求纽约时报应该停止报道虚假信息。
第一个insist表示“坚持说”,insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”,从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态,谓语一般用陈述语气,本从句根据主句用一般现在时。
第二个insist表示“坚持要”后接宾语从句,宾语从句通常用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形),should可以省略。
故C选项正确。
【点睛】
insist其后可接that-从句,但要根据意思的不同而分清两种情况:(1)表示“坚持要”“一定要”,从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实,此时谓语通常用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形),而且引导词that一般不省略(尤其是当已经省略 should 时)。
(2) 表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”,从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态,谓语一般用陈述语气,引导词that 可省略。
根据句子的语境以及句意,可以判断出insist后接了两个宾语从句,insist第一个意思是表示“坚持说”,所以从句用陈述性的语气,且句子为一般现在时,所以用uses。
而insist第二个意思表示“坚持要”,所以从句谓语动词用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形),所以用use。
综上所述,C选项正确。
20.I wish I __________ at my sister’s wedding, but I was on a business trip in New York la st weekend.
A.will be B.would be
C.were D.had been
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:我真希望我参加了我姐姐的婚礼,但我上周末去纽约出差了。
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时,故选D。
【点睛】
动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1.用wish表示现在的祝愿和报歉。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语be用were(was),实义动词用过去式。
例:I wish they
were at home this time.
2.用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时。
例:I wish I hadn't hurt him so much.
3.用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。
其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。
例:I wish I might be able to come tomorrow 。
21.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ________ a sudden loud noise.
A.being there B.should there be
C.there was D.there having been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和倒装句。
句意:如果突然有很大的响声,这些动物就真的有可能会受到惊吓。
本句是一个省略了if的虚拟条件句,并且是与将来相反,从句可以使用“should+动词原形”;原句为:If there should be a sudden loud noise, these animals could be frightened.。
故选B。
22.Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.
A.would be B.might have been
C.would have been D.had been
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动,以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。
根据句意及句中felt可知,此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况,应使用过去完成时。
故D选项正确。
【点睛】
as if的两种用法:
1.as if从句用陈述语气,我这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。
即你所表达的句子是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。
设想语境:比方说你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声,表达如下:
It sounds as if it is raining.听起来像是在下雨。
2. as if 从句用虚拟语气,当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。
从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:
(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。
(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。
(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形
23.The use of solar energy saved many African countries lots of money that otherwise ______ on coal, gas and oil.
A.was spent B.had been spent
C.would be spent D.would have been spent
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:太阳能的使用为许多非洲国家节省了很多钱,否则这些钱将花在煤炭、天然气和石油上。
分析句子可知,本句为otherwise 引导的虚拟条件句。
本句表示与过去事实相反的假设。
otherwise 相当于虚拟条件从句=if the use of solar energy hadn’t saved many African countries lots of money,后接主句 would have been spent。
故D选项正确。
24.______ for the fire at Notre Dame de Paris, a church famous for its large collection of art treasures, I would be there for a visit this summer vacation.
A.Had it not been B.Should it not be
C.Were it not be D.If had it not been
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略if的虚拟语气。
句意:如果不是巴黎圣母院的大火,这个以收藏大量艺术珍品而闻名的教堂,我今年暑假就会去那里参观。
此处是if引导的虚拟语气,if从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时态,且if省略则把助动词had提到主语的前面去。
故选A。
【点睛】
If引导的虚拟语气:
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+
should/would/might/could+do:If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have done:If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:去晚了)
3.表示与将来事实相反
从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:来的可能性很小,不可能)
25.I’ll give ____ to your suggestion that we ____ a party in honor of the experienced professor. A.much thought; hold B.many thoughts; should hold
C.much thought; will hold D.some thought; can hold
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查不可数名词和suggestion后的同位语从句。
句意:我将仔细考虑你的建议,我们为这位经验丰富的教授举行一个聚会。
thought作为“想法”的时候是可数名词,作为抽象意义的“思想”时是不可数名词;suggestion后面的同位语从句应该用(should)+动词原形。
结合句意可知答案为A。
26.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time. A.accomplished B.had accomplished
C.would accomplish D.would have accomplished
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。
根据上句the workers were not better organized可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。
表示与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语
+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故选D。
27.Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time, otherwise he ______________ over to help us. A.might have come B.would come
C.had come D.were to come
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:史密斯先生那时正在开会,要不然他可能过来帮我们了。
根据“Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time”可知,此处表示对过去事情的推测,表示“可能已经”,故A项正确。
28.________ to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I ________ not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.
A.If it were left … would B.Should it leave … must
C.Would it be left … should D.Was it left … would
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和情态动词。
句意:如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有报纸的政府,还是要一个没有政府的报纸,我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。
根据句意,考查虚拟语气,依据题意,表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时,主句用would/could/might/should+动词原形,故A项正确,B项表示与将来时事实相反的虚拟语气,错误;C项表达错误;虚拟语气的倒装用于与将来事实相反和与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
故D项错误。
综上,故选A项。
29.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I_________as well as her at last party.
A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。
句意:埃伦是个出色的舞者,我多么希望我在上次的舞会上能跳得和她一样好。
根据上文wish(动词)可知I______as well as her at last party.做wish 的宾语,是宾语从句。
结合宾语从句意思可知句中表达了说话者的一种不大可能实现的愿望,应用虚拟语气;根据句中“at last party(上次舞会)”可知,是对过去情况的虚拟,wish 后的宾语从句对过去的虚拟要使用过去完成时had done。
故选C。
【点睛】
wish后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气,对过去情况的虚拟,谓语动词用过去完成时had done;对现在情况的虚拟,谓语动词用过去式;对将来情况的虚拟,谓语动词用
would/could/might +动词原形。
30.William was late. He ____________ earlier if he was really serious about the interview. A.may have come B.should be coming
C.ought to have come D.must have come
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+完成式。
句意:William迟到了。
如果他真的在意这场面试的话,他本该早点来的。
ought to have done=should have done"本应该做却没有做"。
故选C。