四川省南充市阆中中学2018-2019学年高二1月质量检测英语试题

阆中中学校 2018 年秋高 2017 级教学质量检测
英语试题
（用时 120 分钟，满分 150 分）
注意事项：
1．试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，在本试题卷上作答无效；
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2．考试结束后，只将答题卡交回，试题卷不用交，自己保管好以备讲评使用。

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第I 卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.How often is the woman going to take exercise?
A. Once a week.
B. Twice a week.
2. What’s the woman anxious to know about?
A. Her test time.
B. Her score.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the hall.
B. At the fashion show.
4. Who will be a fourth player?
A. Carol.
B. The man.
5.What will the speakers do?
A.Set a date for their appointment.
B.Go and see their friends off.
C.Leave for a new place.
第二节(共 15 小题; 每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分) C. Three times a week.
C. Her telephone call.
C. In the booking office.
C. The woman.
听下面 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料, 回答第 6～8 题。

6. What did the woman ask the man to do for her?
A. Look for a house.
B. Rent a house.
C. Sell a house.
7. How does the woman think of the first house?
A. Too expensive.
B. Too big.
C. Too small.
8. Why does the woman dislike the second house?
A. It’s too far away.
B. It’s too expensive.
C. It’s not big enough.
听第 7 段材料, 回答第 9～11 题。

9. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The man’s job.
B. The woman’s job.
C. The weather.
10. Why is the man in such a hurry?
11.How does the man make people laugh?
ing actions and expressions.
ing words.
ing instruments.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 12～14 题。

12. How long haven’t they seen each other?
A. Five months.
B. Five years.
C. Four years.
13. Where does the woman work?
A. In a bookstore.
B. In a clothing shop.
C. At a publishing company
14. What will they do next?
A. Have lunch.
B. Go to work.
C. Go shopping.
听第 9 段材料, 回答第 15～17 题。

15.What happened when the man was mountain climbing?
A.He got trapped in a cave.
B.He lost his equipment and food.
C.He got lost in bad weather.
16.What caused the loss of the man’s legs?
A.A bad fall in the mountain.
B.Low temperature.
C.An unsuccessful operation.
17.What did he decide to do after losing his legs?
e technology to fight his disability.
B.Set up a club for the disabled.
C.Design new climbing shoes.
听第 10 段材料, 回答第 18～20 题。

18.What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A.Advice before the speech competition.
B.Advice after the speech competition.
C.Advice during the speech competition.
19.What is the speaker?
A.A judge and organizer.
B.A college teacher and judge.
C.A college teacher and competitor.
20.What is many competitors’ wrong belief?
A.Familiar words destroy understanding.
plicated words destroy understanding.
plicated words sound impressive.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

A
Dutch masters exhibition in Beijing
The 17th century Dutch Golden Age had several significant artists and a range of great pieces produced during the period—including Jan Vermeer's Young Woman at Virginal, Jan Lievens' Boy in a Cape, and Turban and Rembrandt's Self Portrait with Shaded Eyes.
Some of the most refined examples of the time, including the three pieces mentioned above, will make their debut （首次亮相）in China as part of a world tour of The Leiden Collection.
If you go:
9 a.m.-5 p.m., June 17-Sept 3 (closed on Mondays).National Museum of China,1 Wusi Avenue, Dangcheng district.010-6400-1476.
Ticket: 50 yuan ($7)
The Age of Mechanical Reproduction
The Age of Mechanical Reproduction, the latest exhibition at the Riverside Art Museum, features 41 artworks of US pop icon Andy Warhol, covering art installations, paintings and photographs. Warhol's well-known installation Electric Chair is a highlight of the show,which is also its debut in Asia.
If you go:
10 a.m.-5 p.m., through August 28 (closed on Mondays).The Riverside Art Museum, Hongyan Road, Chaoyang district.010-5309-2062.
Ticket: 60 yuan
Back with a bang
Beijing-based hand Escape Plan will hold a concert in Beijing this weekend. The band is most famous for the song The Brightest Star in the Night Sky.
If you go:
7:30 p.m., June 17.Beijing Worker’s Gymnasium, Gongti Beilu, Chaoyang district.
400-610-3721.
Ticket: 280-980 yuan
Purple clay teapots
Yixing purple clay potteries are a vital part of Chinese pottery culture and have been included in China's list of national intangible cultural heritage （国家非物质文化遗产） .A selection of more than 80 purple clay teapots will go on display at the Poly Art Museum starting Friday. The exhibit will include a range of delicate teapot works of Ji Yishun,Wang Xiaolong and Gao Lijun, who are all inheritors（继承人）the time-honored（历史悠久的）pottery handicraft.
If you go:
9:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m.(closed on Sundays),through June 30.Poly Art Museum, New Poly Plaza,1 Chaoyangmen North Street 9.010-6500-8117.
Ticket: 20 yuan
21.What do Dutch masters exhibition in Beijing and The Age of Mechanical
Reproduction have in common?
A.They aren’t open on Mondays.
B.Their total exhibition time.
C.Their ticket prices.
D.Their exhibition places.
22.If you are fond of the performance of Escape Plan,which number can you contact to book a
ticket in advance?
A.010-5309-2062.
B.400-610-3721.
C.010-6400-1476.
D.010-6500-8117.
23.Where can you go and enjoy an exhibition but spend less money?
A. Beijing Workers' Gymnasium.
B.National Museum of China.
C.The Riverside An Museum.
D.Poly Art Museum,New Poly Plaza.
B
Ali, the boxing legend, died on Friday night at 74，after a Long battle with
Cassius Clay (Ali) was just 12 years old in 1954 when he got ready to beat the boy who stole his bicycle in his hometown of Louisville, Ky. But a local policeman warned him that he'd need to learn to box first. At just 89 pounds, Clay had his first fight and his first win just weeks later, according to Bleacher Report. By 1964, he was the heavyweight champion of the world, after upsetting Sonny Liston.
In 1969, he was forbidden to do boxing over his refusal to join the army and go to Vietnam. Ali was reportedly drowning in debt and still appealing his conviction(上诉).He made
pocket change by touring colleges to discuss the war, and, as Playbill points out, he starred
in the Broadway musical, Buck White.
Ali sang nearly every song in the musical, playing a black lecturer addressing a meeting organized by a black political group. But he would never return to the stage after his conviction was cancelled.
In November 1990, Ali met with Iraq president Saddam Hussein in Baghdad on a "good-
will tour" in an attempt to negotiate the release of 15 Americans held hostage(人质)in Iraq and Kuwait. Ali was criticized by then-President George H. W, Bush and The New York Times,
both of whom expressed concerns that he was fueling propaganda (宣传) machine.
Despite running out of medicine for his disease and waiting more than a week to talk
to Hussein, Ali was able to bring all 15 of a group of American war prisoners home.
24. When did Ali start to learn boxing?
A. In 1969.
B. In 1964.
C. In 1954
D. In 1952
25.Why was Ali once forbidden to boxing?
A.He became the heavyweight champion of the world.
B.He suffered from a disease.
C.He refused to become soldier to fight in Vietnam.
D.He got drowning in debt.
26.What role did Ali play in Iraq?
A. Friend of President George H. W. Bush.
B. An artist.
C. The best boxer ever.
D. A peace lover.
27.Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A.A1i was the heavyweight champion of the world.
B.A1i. the boxing legend, died.
C.Ali managed to return to the stage.
D.A1i fueled a propaganda machine.
C
Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English ruler tried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two ―Irelands‖. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage(短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and
live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people will work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where
things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were ―the greatest talkers since the Creeks‖. Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
28.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?
A.How two ―Irelands‖ came into being.
B.How Ireland gained independence.
C.How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D.How the Irish fought against the English.
29.We learn from the text that in Ireland ________.
A.it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker
B.different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments
C.food shortages in the 1840s led to a decrease in population
D.people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside
30.The last paragraph is mainly about_________.
A. the Irish character
B. Irish culture
C. Irish musical instruments
D. a famous Irish writer
31. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Life in Ireland
B.Ireland, past and present
C. A Very Difficult History
D. The independence of Ireland
D
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther
north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations — major food sources (来源) for the wolf – grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves,
coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’ s
red foxes, and completely drove away the park’ s beavers.
As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves
to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone .Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
32.What is the text mainly about?
A. Wildlife research in the United States.
B. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
C. The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D. Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
33. W hat does the underlined word ―displaced‖ in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Forced out.
B. Separated.
C. Tested.
D. Tracked down.
34. W hat did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？
A. An increase in the variety of animals.
B. A decline in the park’s income.
C. Preservation of vegetation.
D. Damage to local ecology.
35. W hat is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowston e wolf project？
A. Doubtful.
B. Disapproving.
C. Positive.
D. Uncaring.
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
Are you embarrassed to recite in class because you might give the wrong answer? Are you ashamed to share your ideas in a group？If you find yourself being shy about a lot of things, you need to understand that being shy is a very big obstacle(障碍) to one's success. ___36___ First of all, you need to discover and understand the causes of your shyness.___37___ One of the biggest reasons why people are shy is that they were branded as a shy person. Because you heard it over and over, you believed it and thought it is true. If this is the cause, you need to stop this in your mind.___38___
One way to stop your shyness in your mind is to focus less on your weakness. ___39___ We all have our own unique strength. So if speaking in front of many people isn't your strength, that's okay. Maybe the strength you're given is in writing. And if you think there still a lot for you to improve on your strengths and talents, that's okay too. ___40___
A. You need to dig deep and get to the roots of your shyness.
B. When you doubt yourself, others will doubt you.
C. Instead, focus more on your strength.
D. The good thing is that you can overcome it.
E. Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.
F. All you need to do is spending time training yourself to be a master in your strengths.
G. Then try to replace it with positive things in your life.
第三部分英语基础知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空
白处的最佳选项。

Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes Mountains. They reached the top 41 , but on their way back conditions were very 42 . Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon
43 alone, he would probably get back 44 . But Simon decided to risk(冒险) his
45 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.
As they 46down, the weather got worse. Then another 47 happened. They couldn’t see o r hear each other and, ___48___, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was 49for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s
50 was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.51 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 52 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 53 into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he54 to get out of the crevasse and started to 55
Simon had 57 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be
58 , but he didn’t want to leave59 . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t60 it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
41. A. hurriedly B. successfully C. early D. carefully
42. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal
43. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued
44. A. slowly B. unwillingly C. safely D. regretfully
45. A. fortune B. life C. health D. time
46. A. settled B. lay C. went D. looked
47. A. trouble B. storm C. change D. damage
48. A. by choice B. by chance C. by luck D. by mistake
49. A. unnecessary B. important C. impossible D. practical
50. A. weight B. strength C. height D. equipment
51. A. Quickly B. Patiently C. Finally D. Surely
52. A. make a decision B. stand back C. take a rest D. hold on
53. A. backed B. jumped C. escaped D. fell
54. A. waited B. managed C. planned D. hoped
55. A. skate B. move C. run D. march
56. A. along B. around C. above D. away
57. A. headed for B. returned to C. traveled to D. left for
58. A. dead B. late C. weak D. hurt
59. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously
60. A. believe B. accept C. make D. find
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

What 61 ( be )English for？Some people seem to think it’s for practicing grammar rules and 62 ( learn ) lists of words－the 63 ( long )the lists，the better. That’s wrong. Many students know hundreds of grammar rules，64 they can’t speak correctly or 65 ( fluent ).They are afraid of making mistakes. English is the working language. It is widely 66 ( speak ) and used in the world.. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese. Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English. English is also the language of global culture. You can listen to English songs67the radio 68use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet. With so many people 69 (communicate) in English every day, 70 will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
第四部分写作（共两节；满分 35 分）
第一节短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处，错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的
词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词。

2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

As we all know, everyone have a dream. I have dreamed of being a doctor since I enter the primary school. With modern life go rapidly nowadays, many people suffer from different kind of diseases, both mentally and physically. As a result, doctors are in great need at home and abroad. My dream is to become successful doctor, helping to save people’s lives. Although to be a good doctor is very difficult, but nowadays I will do whatever I can to keep everyone health. To make my dream come true, I have told me over and ove r again that I’ll pay more attention on studies. After all, only by working hardly can one succeed.
笫二节书面表达（满分 25 分）
假如你是李华，因为你要忙着准备后天的一门重要考试，明天晚上不能去朋友家共进晚餐。

请你用英文写一封致歉信，要点包括：
1感谢对方的邀请；
2遗憾地告诉对方你无法赴约并说明理由；
3祝对方度过一段愉快的时光，并另约时间见面
注意：1 词数：100 左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
2开头和结尾已为你写出，不计入总词数
Dear John，
____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua．
高 2017 级 2018 年秋检测试卷
英语参考答案及详解
第一部分听力：
1-5 CBCAB 6-10 AACAB 11-15 ABCAC 16-20 BAABC
第二部分阅读理解：
21-25 ABDCC26-30 DBACD 31-35 BBADC 36-40 DAGCF
第三部分
第一节完形填空：
41-45 BADCB 46-50 CADCA 51-55 CADBB 56-60 DBACA
第二节语法填空：
61. is 62. learning63. longer 64. but 65. fluently 66. spoken67. on 68. or 69. communicating 70. It
第四部分
第一节短文改错：
1.have→has
2.enter→entered
3.go→going
4.kind→kinds
5.become 后加 a
6.去掉 but
7.health→healthy
8.me→myself
9.on→to10.hardly→hard
第二节写作（参考范文）：
Dear John,
Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.
Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I can’t join you and your family,because I will be fully occupied then for an important exam coming the day after tomorrow. I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy get-together, and I hope that all of you will have a good time. Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so, please don’t hesitate to drop me a line about your preferable date. I do long for a pleasant chat with you.
Please allow me to say sorry again.
Your Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本文介绍了将在北京举办的三场展览会和一场音乐会。

21.细节理解题。

两场展览会的时间部分都有 closed on Mondays 的内容，以此可知选A。

22.细节理解题。

需要去《逃亡计划》音乐演唱会，可知应选 B
23.细节理解题。

根据三场展览会的价格 50 元、60 元、20 元可知，要去欣赏花钱最少的展览会，应选 D。

【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了拳击界的传奇 A1i 去世了，享年 74 岁。

24.细节理解题。

根据 Cassius Clay (Ali) was just 12 years old in 1954 when he got ready to beat the boy who stole his bicycle in his hometown of Louisville, Ky. But a local policeman warned him that he'd need to learn to box first. At just 89 pounds, Clay had his first fight and
his first win just weeks later, according to Bleacher Report.可知 Ali 在 1954 年开始学习拳击，选C。

25.细节理解题。

根据 In 1969, he was forbidden to do boxing over his refusal to join the army and go to Vietnam.可知曾经 Ali 被禁止拳击是因为他拒绝成为一名士兵，选 C。

26.推理判断题。

由 In November 1990, Ali met with Iraq president Saddam Hussein in Baghdad on a "good-will tour" in an attempt to negotiate the release of 15 Americans held hostage(人质)in Iraq and Kuwait. 可判断出 Ali 在伊拉克的战争中扮演的角色是一名和平爱好者，选 D。

27.主旨大意题。

这篇文章主要介绍了拳击界的传奇 A1i 去世了，享年 74 岁，选 B。

【解析】试题分析：本文属于说明文，在前两段中介绍了爱尔兰的历史，提及了爱尔兰的分裂，爱尔兰历史上的土豆危机。

后两段介绍了爱尔兰现在的情况，如文化，音乐等等。

28.A 段落大意题。

本段在介绍爱尔兰的历史，在 1921 年之前爱尔兰被英国统治，1921 年独立以后分成两个部分。

BCD 三项都只是细节内容，A 项为段落大意。

29.C 细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句 In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. 可知在 19 世纪 40 年代，在爱尔兰爆发的土豆疾病导致 75 万人死亡。

让爱尔兰的人口大幅下降。

故 C 正确。

30. D 段落大意题。

在最后一段中左杰介绍了爱尔兰人们的性格特征，爱尔兰的文化、音乐、语言等等方面的发展情况。

该段主要在介绍爱尔兰的文化信息。

故 D 项正确。

31.B 标题概括题。

本文属于说明文，在前两段中介绍了爱尔兰的历史，提及了爱尔兰的分裂，爱尔兰历史上的土豆危机。

后两段介绍了爱尔兰现在的情况，如文化，音乐等等。

所以本文主要讲述的是爱尔兰的前世今生。

故 B 项正确。

【名师点睛】
本文【小题 31】属于标题概括题。

文章的标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，它高度概括了文章内容，点明文章主题，它是文章中心思想最精练的表达形式。

那如何选择文章的标题呢？如同选择文章的主题思想一样，标题要有概括性、全面性、针对性。

标题要避免概括不够，即以部分代整体，或以事实细节代替具体的大意；也要避免概括过度，即脱离了文本内容的过度发挥，导致标题范围太大，缺乏针对性。

像帽子一样，大小合适才行。

另外，标题要简洁、突出、新颖。

标题是文章的点睛之笔，所以它还要具有
醒目的特点，能吸引读者。

标题概括题的错误选项的干扰特征经常是：⑴局部
信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容；
⑵范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。

本文【小题 31】的 AC 项范围过大，D 项范围太窄，属于局部信
息。

考点：考查说明文阅读
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国黄石公园重新引进灰狼的事情。

因为人类活动影响到灰狼数量逐渐减少，鹿群数量逐渐增加，从而造成植被遭到大量破坏。

32.主旨大意题。

文章开门见山指出黄石公园引进灰狼的举措，之后在下文详细介绍了原因以及带来的良好的转机，由此判断本文主要是关于美国黄石公园对灰狼的引进。

故选 B。

33.词义猜测题。

根据本段后两句可知，因为人类的发展，侵占了灰狼的领域，灰狼逐渐向北迁徙，由此推断灰狼被人类排挤走了。

故选 A。

34.细节理解题。

根据第三段内容可知，灰狼的减少造成了鹿群的增多，从而植被遭到了破坏；而且红狐和海狸也不断减少，由此推断灰狼的消失引起了当地生态的破坏。

故选 D。

35.推理判断题。

根据文章末段末句可知，作者认为引进灰狼的项目是很有价值的实验，是很值得推广的。

可知作者对黄石公园引进灰狼的态度是‖积极的，赞成的―，故选 C。

【名师点睛】
文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。

答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。

属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。

（2）语言转述型。

这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。

属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。

（3）语意理解型。

这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，
这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。

属于较高难度的事实细节题。

（4）是非辨别型。

这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是―三正一误‖(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或―三误一正‖（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。

（5）事实排序型。

这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。

34.D【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的（2）一一语言转述型。

正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。

【答案定位】第三段 The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results.定位答案位置在第三段。

.
【推理关系】题干 What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？☞文章内容 Deer and elk populations—major food sources for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly.大意：灰狼的减少造成了鹿群的增多，从而植被遭到了破坏；而且红狐和海狸也不断减少，
【答案】☞D 选项 Damage to local ecology
【解析】本文作者针对如何克服害羞这一问题给出了自己的一些建议。

36.语义理解题。

根据 If you find yourself being shy about a lot of things, you need to understand that being shy is a very big obstacle(障碍) to one's success. 可知这里意思是―好的事情是你可以克服它‖，选 D。

37.语义理解题。

根据 First of all, you need to discover and understand the causes of your shyness. 可知这里意思是你需要深挖你害羞的根源，选 A。

38.语义理解题。

根据 If this is the cause, you need to stop this in your mind. 可知这里意思是尝试用你生活中积极的事情来取代它，选 G。

39.语义理解题。

One way to stop your shyness in your mind is to focus less on your weakness. 这里提到了少关注你的缺点，选 C。

（取而代之的是，要多关注你的优势。

）
40.语义理解题。

根据 Maybe the strength you're given is in writing. And if you think there still a lot for you to improve on your strengths and talents, that's okay too. 可知这里意思是你所要做的就是花时间把自己训练成你优势的主人，选 F。

【解析】本文讲了两个好朋友一起去爬山，他们上山的时候很顺利，但是下山的时候遇到了麻烦，虽然历经艰险，但是最终他们都活了下来。

41. B 考查副词。

他们成功登上了顶峰。

hurriedly 匆忙地，carefully 小心地， early
11
早期的， successfully 成功地。

42.A 考查形容词。

根据 Joe fell and broke his leg. 可知在他们回来的路上情况非常困难。

similar 相似的，difficult 困难的， special 特别的，normal 正常的。

43.D 考查动词。

他们两个人都知道如果 Simon 继续独自走，他很可能安全地返回。

climbed攀登， worked工作，continued继续，rested休息。

44.C 考查副词。

他们两个人都知道如果 Simon 继续独自走，他很可能安全地返回。

safely安全地， unwillingly 不情愿地， slowly 慢慢地，regretfully 遗憾地。

45.B 考查名词。

根据 and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.可知 Simon 决定冒生命的危险。

fortune 运气， time 时间， health 健康，life 生命。

46.C 考查动词。

当他们向下走的时候，天气变得愈发糟糕。

went 走， lay 躺下，settled 解决，looked 看。

47.A 考查名词。

根据They couldn’t see or hear each other and 可知另外一个麻烦出现了。

storm暴风雨，trouble麻烦，change变化，damage损害。

48.D 考查固定短语。

由 Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）可知这是由于差错。

by choice 出于选择，by chance 偶然，by mistake 由于差错，by luck 侥幸地。

49.C 考查形容词。

让 Joe 爬上来或者是 Simon 把他拉上来，都是不可能的。

unnecessary不必要的，impossible不可能的，important重要的，practical实际的。

50.A 考查名词。

Joe 的重量，把 Simon 慢慢地拉向悬崖。

height 高度，strength 力量， weight 重量， equipment 设备。

51.C 考查副词。

最终，在经过一个小时的黑暗和寒冷以后，Simon 不得不作出决定。

Quickly 迅速地， Patiently 耐心地，Surely 当然，Finally 最后。

52.A 考查动词短语。

最终，在经过一个小时的黑暗和寒冷以后，Simon 不得不作出决定。

stand back 退后，make a decision 做出决定， take a rest 休息一会儿， hold on 等一下。

53.D 考查固定短语。

根据 In tears, he cut the rope. 可知 Joe 落入冰下的一个大的裂缝中。

fall into 落入，是固定短语。

54.B 考查固定短语。

他不能走，但是他设法从那个裂缝中逃出来了并且开始朝他们的帐篷移动。

manage to do sth. 设法完成某事。

55.B 考查动词。

他不能走，但是他设法从那个裂缝中逃出来了并且开始朝他们的露营移动，差不多十公里远。

move 移动， skate 溜冰，run 经营，march 行进。

56.D 考查副词。

他不能走，但是他设法从那个裂缝中逃出来了并且开始朝他们的露营移动，差不多十公里远。

away 在远处， around 到处， above 在上面，along 沿着。

57. B 考查动词短语。

Simon 回到了山脚下的露营地。

headed for 前往， traveled to 去旅行，returned to 回到，left for 动身去。

58.A 考查形容词。

他认为 Joe 一定已经死了。

hurt 受伤， late 晚的，weak 虚弱的， dead 死去。

59.C 考查副词。

但是他不想立即离开。

secretly 秘密地，immediately 立即，tiredly 疲劳地，anxiously 忧虑地。

60.A 考查动词。

根据 Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. 可知他无
法相信。

find 发现， accept 接受， make 制造，believe 相信。

61.is 考查系动词。

句意：英语是用做什么的?此句式特殊疑问句，主语是English，故用 is。

62.learning 考查动名词。

句意：一些人认为英语是练习语法规则以及记忆单词。

这
12
里动名词短语 practicing grammar rules 和 learning lists of words 为并列结构。

故这里
用learning。

63.longer 考查比较级。

句意：单词量越大越好。

这里考察―the＋比较级…the＋比
较级‖句型表示越来越。

故填 longer。

64.but 考察连词句意：很多学生知道几百条语法规则，但是他们不能准确流利地说英语。

根据句意可知前后句为转折关系，故这里答案为 but。

65.flently 考察副词句意：他们不能准确流利地说英语。

这里用副词 flently 修饰动词speak。

66.spoken 考察被动语态过去分词句意：英语在全世界被广泛的使用。

这里主语 It 指代 English 和动词之间被动关系，故 spoken。

67.on 考察介词句意：你可以通过收音机听英语歌。

on the radio 从无线电广播获得
信息。

68.or 考查连词。

句意：你可以通过收音机听英语歌或者通过网络用英语和全世界的人交流。

这里选择关系，用 or。

municating 考查介词 with 后跟复合宾主。

many people 与 communicate 是主动关系，所以作宾补足语的 communicate 应用现在分词。

70.It 考察 it 做形式主语的用法。

句意：每天这么多的人用英语交流，精通英语会变得越来越重要。

这里用形式主语 it 指代真正的主语 have a good knowledge of English。

考点：考查词汇和语法运用能力
【名师点睛】
it 作形式主语：
it 作形式主语，主要分为下列三种情况：不定式作主语、动名词作主语和名词从句作主语。

具体分析如下：
一.不定式作真正主语：
主要用于下列句型：
⒈It + is/was + adj./n. (形容词或名词） +to do sth.
A. 名词作表语。

主要有 a pity,a pleasure,an idea 等。

例如：
In fact it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.。

B.形容词或形容词短语作表语。

分两种情况
1.kind,good,nice,clever,wrong,right,foolish,wise,unwise,stupid,rude,careless,cruel,brave,n aughty,polite,selfish 等词作表语时，不定式前常可加一个由 of 引起的短语，来说明不定式
指的是谁的情况。

形容词表示不定式逻辑主语的特征，即形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等。

例如：
It was foolish of you to leave school.你中途退学，真是傻瓜。

It was brave of her to speak out in public. 她能当众大声讲话，真勇敢。

2）其他形容词作表语，常见的形容词有：necessary,hard，
important,difficult,easy,possible，common 等。

例如：
It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes. 必须用短波收音机才能收到节目。

如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加for + 名词或代词+ to do sth.(for 后的宾语不能作句子的主语）。

名词或代词作不定式的逻辑主语，即表示不定式所指动作的执行者。

在此句型中，形容词只对不定式行为者作某种描述，而不涉及其品行。

例如：
It is not hard for one to do a bit of good. 对于一个人来说做点好事并不难。

13。