【高中英语】人教版2019必修第一册第31节(练习题)

人教版2019必修第一册第31节(2005)
1.Yo u've ju s t c o me h ome, a f te r livin g a b ro ad f o r a f e w ye a r s. S in ce yo u've b e e n a wa y, h as th is c ou n tr y c h a ng e d fo r th e b e tte r—o r f o r th e wo rs e?
If yo u've ju s t a r r ive d ba c k in th e U K a f te r a mo n th's h o lid a y, s ma ll c h an g e s h a ve p ro ba b ly s u r p r is ed yo u—an yth i n g f ro m a lo c a l g r ee ng r o ce r s ud d en ly b e in g r e p lac e d b y a mo b ile p h on e sh op to s o me o ne in yo u r s tr e e t mo vin g ho u s e.
S o h o w h a ve th in g s c ha n g ed to p eo p le c o ming b ac k to B r ita in a f te r s e ve n,te n o r e ven
f if te e n ye a r s livin
g a b r o a d? W ha t c
h an g es in s o c ie ty c a n th e y s e e t h a t th e r e s t o f u s h a ve h a r d ly n o tic e d—o r n ow ta k e fo r g ra n ted? To f in d ou t, we a s ke d some p e o p le wh o re c en tly r e tu r n ed.
D eb i: wh en we le f t, Ch e lte nh a m,my h o me to wn,wa s a to wn o f wh ite,mid d le-c la s s
f a milie s—a ll ve r y c o n s e r va tive(保守的). Th e to wn is n o w h o me to ma n y e a s te r n
E u ro p ea n s a nd lo ts o f A u s tra lia n s, who co me h e re ma in ly to wo r k in h o te ls a nd tou r i s m. T h e re a re e ven s e ve r al s h o ps on ly f o r f o r e ig n e r s.
H a vin g be e n an immig r a n t (移民) mys e lf, I a d mir e p eo p le who g o o ve r s e a s to f in d a job.
I b e lie ve f o r e ign s e ttle r s h a ve imp r o ve d th is c ou n tr y b e c a u se they'r e mo r e o p e n-min d e d
a n d o f te n wo rk ha r d e r th a n lo c a l p eo p le.
C h r is tine: to s e e po lice me n with gu n s in th e a ir p o r t fo r the f ir s t time wa s f r ig h te n ing—in C yp r u s, th e y'r e ve r y r e la x ed—a n d I g o t pu lle d o ve r b y c u s to ms o ff ic e r s ju s t f o r tak in g a wo o le n s we a te r with so me me ta l-ma d e b u tton s o u t o f my c a s e in th e a r r iva ls h a ll. E ve r yo n e s e e me d to b e o n gu a r d. E ve n th e a irp o r t c ar-h ir e f ir m wa n te d a c r e d it c a r d r a the r th an c a sh b e c au s e th e y s a id th e ir ve h ic le s h a d b ee n u se d b y b a nk r ob be r s.
B u t a n ywa y,th is is s till a g r ee n, b ea u tif u l c o un tr y.I ju s t wis h mo r e pe op le wou ld
a p p re c ia te wh a t th e y'v e g o t.
(1)A f te r a s h or t o ve r se a s ho lid a y,p e op le ten d to ______.（）
A.n o tic e s ma ll c h an g es
B.ex pe c t s ma ll c ha n ges
C.we lc o me s ma ll c h ang e s
D.d is lik e s ma ll ch a nge s
(2)W ha t's D e b i's a ttitu d e to the f o re ig n s e ttle r s?（）
A.D isa p po in ted.
B.N eg a tive.
C.D ou b tfu l.
D.S up p o r tive.
(3)W he n a r r ivin g a t the a ir po r t in B r ita in, Ch r is tin e was s ho ck e d b y _____.（）
A.th e r e la x ed p o lic e me n
B.the d ir ty a r r iva ls h all
C.the s tr ic t sa f e ty c h ec k
D.th e b a nk r ob be r s
(4)W h ic h mig h t b e th e b e s t title fo r the pa s sa g e?（）
A.Lif e in B r ita in.
B.B ac k in B r ita in.
C.B r ita in in f u tu r e.
D.B r ita in in me mo r y.
2.G r e y c lo u d s mo ve a s lo w a s s mo k e o ve r the tr e e to p s a t Lo lo P a ss. T h e g ro u nd is wh ite. T h e d a y is J un e 10. It h a s be e n s no win g fo r th e pa s t f ou r d a ys in the B itte r ro o t Mo un ta in s. Wa yn e Fa ir c h ild is g e ttin g wo r r ied a bo u t ou r tr e k o ve r th e Lo lo Tr a il—95 mile s f r o m Lo lo, M o n tan a to We ip p e in Id a h o, a c ro s s the r oug h e s t(最崎岖的) c ou ntr y in th e Wes t.Le wis a n d C la r k we r e n e a r ly d e f e a te d 200 ye a r s a go b y s n o ws to r ms o n th e Lo lo. To d a y Fa ir c h ild is n e r vo u s ly c h ec k ing th e wea th e r r e po r ts. He h as ag r e ed to tak e me a c ro s s th e to ug h e s t, mid d le s e c tion o f th e tr a il.
W h en Le wis c limb e d on to p o f Le mh i P a s s, 140 mile s s ou th o f M is so u la, o n A ug.12, 1805, h e wa s a s ton is he d b y wh a t wa s in f r on t o f him: h ig h mo u n ta in c h ain s s till to th e We s t o f th e US with th e ir to p s p a r tia lly c o ve r e d with s n o w. No bo d y in wh a t wa s th en th e US k ne w th e R o ck y M o u n ta in s e x is te d,with p e ak s twic e a s h igh a s a n yth in g in th e A pp a lac h ian s b a c k Ea s t.
Tod a y th e ir p a th wa y t h r o ug h tho s e mo u n ta ins h o ld s mo r e a ttr a c tion th a n an y o th e r g r o und o ve r wh ic h th e y tr a ve lle d,fo r i ts r a w wild e rn e s s is a n e vid e nc e to th e ch a ra c te r o f two c u ltu r e s: th e ex p lo r e r s wh o b r a ve d its h a r ds hip s a nd th e N a tive A me r ic a n s wh o p r iz e a nd c o n se r ve the p a th a s a s ac r e d(神圣的) g if t. It r e ma in s to da y th e sa me c on d itio n a s wh en Le wis a n d C la r k wa lke d it.
T he Lo lo is pa s s ab le o n ly f r o m J u ly to mid-S e p te mb e r. O u r lu c k is h o ld in g with th e
we a th e r, a lth o ug h th e s n o w ke ep s g e tting dee p e r. A s we c limb to In d ia n P os t O ff ic e,t h e h ig h es t p o in t on th e tra il a t 7,033 f t, we h a ve co ve r e d 13 mile s in s of t s no w, a n d we h a rd ly h a ve en ou g h en e rg y to ma k e d in ne r.A f te r a me a l o f c h ick e n, I s it o n a ro c k on to p o f the r id g e(山脊). T h e re is n o lig h t vis ib le in a n y d ir e c tio n, n o t e ven a noth e r c a mp f ir e. Fo r f o u r d a ys we d o no t se e a noth e r h u ma n be in g. We a r e o cc u p ie d with th e th in g s tha t mix fe a r with jo y.In o u r ima g in a tion we h a ve f ina lly c a u g h t up with Le wis a nd C la rk.
(1)We le a rn f r o m th e te x t th a t b e fo r e 1805 _______.（）
A.th e R oc k y M o u n ta ins we r e wh o lly c o ve r e d with s no w
B.the r e we r e n o p eo p le livin g in th e wes te rn p a r t o f A me r ic a
C.no A me r ic a n s kn e w o f th e e x is ten ce o f th e R oc k y M o un ta in s
D.th e A pp a lac h ian s we r e the we s te rn f ro n tie r o f th e Un ite d S ta tes
(2)We le a rn f r o m th e te x t th a t th e Lo lo P a s s _______.（）
A.h a s c h an ge d a lo t s in c e 1805
B.is th e me e ting po in t o f th re e c u ltu r es
C.r e ma in s mu c h the sa me a s it wa s 200ye a r s a go
D.n o w a ttr a c ts a la rg e n u mb e r o f tou r is ts to vis it
(3)J u dg in g f r o m th e tex t,Le wis a n d C la r k we r e mo s t p ro b ab ly ______.（）
A.two na tive In d ia n s
B.ex p lo r e r s o f the ea rl y 19th ce n tu r y
C.me r c ha n ts wh o d i d b u s ine s s with th e In d ia n s
D.tr a ve lle r s wh os e c ur io s ity to o k th e m o ve r th e Lo lo P a s s
(4)We c an in fe r f r o m th e tex t th a t wh en c ro ss in g the Lo lo P as s the a u tho r______.（）
A.wa s a tte mp tin g th e imp o s s ib le
B.wa s tr yin g to s e t a wo r ld r ec o r d
C.wa s f o llo win g th e tra il o f Le wis a n d C la r k
D.wa s f igh tin g with we a th e r a nd tak in g u nne c e s sa r y r is k s
3.Th e re a r e s o me d iffe r e n ce s b e twe en A me r ic a n E ng lis h a n d Br itis h E n g lish. S o me
d iff
e r e n ce s a re qu ite in te r e s ting.
W h en my f r ie n d Lil y f r o m Lo n d o n u se d th e wo r d“la r d e r”,I d idn't k no w wh a t it me a n t. R e a liz in g I d idn't f o llo w h e r, s h e u se d a n o th e r wo rd.I f in a lly k ne w s h e wa n te d to f ind s o me th in g to k e ep s o me f o od. T h e n e x t wo r d c a me u p whe n we we r e p la n n in g a lu n ch da te. S h e j ot te d d ow n th e da te an d time in h e r d iar y, wh ile I ma r k e d my c a le nd a r. If s he ca lle d me o n th e ph o ne, sh e wo u ld r in g me u p. Bu t if th e line wa s bu s y, s h e wo u ld sa y th e lin e wa s e n g ag ed.
M o s t time s,I c a n k now wh a t Lil y me a n s t we ek,sh e re g r e tted s en d ing he r bo ys to wa tc h a n ea r ly mo r n in g ten n is ga me with ou t th e ir f lee c es. I th o ug h t th a t s he me a n t witho ut th e ir jac k e ts o r so me th in g like th o se. O th e r time s, we h a ve to a s k eac h o th e r. S he re c en tly to ld me a f un n y ta le ab o u t a wo ma n wh o was p is s ed. I wo nd e r ed wh a t ha d ma d e th e la d y a n g r y.It tu r n s o u t th at “p is s ed”me a ns“d r un k”.
H e re is o n e mo r e ex amp le.M y B r itis h f r ien d J a n e wa s f illing out a tic ke t a t the g ro ce ry s to r e r ec e n tly.S h e a sk e d th e yo u n g ma n if h e ha d a ru b be r. Wh e n s h e n o tice d h e d id n't f o llo w he r,s he qu ic k ly a s k e d f o r a n e r a s e r, wh ic h, i n E ng la nd,is o f te n c a lle d a ru bb e r.
In o rd e r to c o mmu n ic a te we ll with th e B ritis h, we A me r ic a n s s ho u ld lea r n so me wo r d s th a t th e B r itis h u s e d iff e r e n tly. A n d I th in k pe o p le wh o le a r n En g lish a s a s e co nd la ng ua g e s h o u ld a lso r ea liz e tha t th e r e a r e d if f e r en c es b e twee n A me r ic a n En g lis h a n d B r itis h
E ng lis h.
(1)W he n Lil y u s e d the wo r d “la r de r”, wh a t wa s s he p ro b ab ly lo o k in g f o r?（）
A.A la d de r.
B.A c u pb o a rd.
C.S o me f oo d.
D.A c o ok.
(2)W ha t do e s th e u nd er lin e d p h r a se“jo tte d d o wn”in P a ra g r ap h 2 me a n?（）
A.Wro t e d o wn.
B.S e ttle d d o wn.
C.Lo o k ed f o r.
D.Le a r n ed ab ou t.
(3)Ac c or d ing to th e tex t,in B r itis h En g lis h, ______.（）
A.th e wo r d “f le e ce”me a n s “tic ke t”
B.the wo rd“p is s ed” me a n s“an g r y”
C.the wo rd“e ng a ge d” me a n s“b r o ke n”
D.th e wo r d “r u bb e r” me a n s“e ra s e r”
(4)Ho w is th e tex t ma in ly d e ve lo p e d?（）
A.B y o r d e r in time.
B.B y c o mp a r in g.
C.B y lis tin g e x a mp le s.
D.B y g ivin g e xp la n a tio n s.
参考答案
1
(1)【答案】A
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第一句中“…small changes have probably surprised you…”可知，在短期海外度假后，人们会注意到小变化，故A项正确。

(2)【答案】D
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据第五段最后一句中“I believe foreign settlers have improved this country…more open-minded…”可知，Debi对移民的态度是支持的。

故D项正确。

(3)【答案】C
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段第一句中“…to see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening…”可知，当到达英国机场时，Christine被严格的安全措施震惊。

故C项正确。

(4)【答案】B
【解析】:主旨大意题。

根据第三段第一句以及全文的叙述可知，本文讲述
了侨居国外的英国人离开英国多年后重回英国的不同感受，故B项正确。

2
(1)【答案】C
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.”可知，那时没有美国人知道落基山脉的存在，故C项正确。

(2)【答案】C
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句“It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.”可知，Lolo Pass现在的情况与200年前基本相同，故C项正确。

(3)【答案】B
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据第二段的第一句以及第三段中的“…the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift.”可知，他们是19
世纪早期的探险者，故选B。

(4)【答案】C
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.”可知，作者他们最终赶上来了。

由此
可以推断出，他们是沿着Lewis和Clark的足迹进行探险的。

故选C。

3
(1)【答案】B
【解析】:推理判断题。

根据第二段“Realizing I didn't follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food.”可知，Lily想要放置食物的东西。

因此，larder应指“cupboard”。

故选Ｂ项。

(2)【答案】A
【解析】:词义猜测题。

根据第二段“The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar.”可知，当“我们”在计划一个午餐约会时，第二个词出现了。

她在她的日记里记录下日期和时间，与此同时，“我”在
日历上做标记。

根据前后句的意思可知jot down意为“写下，记下”。

故选A项。

(3)【答案】D
【解析】:细节理解题。

根据第四段“When she noticed he didn't follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber.”可知，英国人说的rubber即美国人说的eraser。

故选D项。

(4)【答案】C
【解析】:篇章结构题。

通读全文可知，文章主要通过举例介绍了英式英语
和美式英语之间存在的一些差异。

故选Ｃ项。