考博英语模拟试卷193(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语模拟试卷193(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. Writing
Structure and V ocabulary
1．Whether their football team will win is a matter of ______ to me.
A．indifference
B．discrimination
C．deviation
D．interests
正确答案：A
解析：indifference意为“不关心，不重视，冷淡”；discrimination意为“歧视，偏见”；deviation意为“偏差(离)，误差”；interests意为“兴趣”。

句意：他们的足球队是否能够胜利与我毫不相关。

2．The members of parliament were ______ that the government had not consulted them.
A．tolerant
B．indignant
C．crude
D．impatient
正确答案：B
解析：indignant愤怒的；tolerant宽容的，容忍的；crude粗制的，粗俗的；impatient不耐烦的。

句意：国会议员因为政府未参考他们的意见而很生气。

3．Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be ______ with everyone who comes to the store.
A．accepted
B．admitted
C．admired
D．acquainted
正确答案：D
解析：acquaint使认识，使了解；accept接受，承认；admit招收，承认；admire 钦佩，赞美，羡慕。

be acquainted with sb．是固定搭配。

句意：布林女士在城里仅仅生活了一年，但她似乎认识到该店来的每一个人。

4．In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play ______ roles in raising children.
A．incapable
B．indispensable
C．insensible
D．infinite
正确答案：B
解析：incapable无能力的，不能的；indispensable不可或缺的；insensible 无知觉的，无同情心的；infinite无限的，无穷的。

根据题意应选B项。

句意：在中国的家庭中，祖父母和其他亲属在抚养孩子方面起不可或缺的作用。

5．When he realized he had been ______ to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement.
A．elicited
B．excited
C．deduced
D．induced
正确答案：D
解析：induce(sb．to do)劝使，诱使；elicit(sth．from sb．)引㈩，诱出(真相、回答等)；excite使兴奋：deduce (from)演绎，推断。

句意：当他意识到由于阴谋而被诱骗签了这个合同时，他威胁要用法律于段来取消这个合同。

6．On weekends my grandpa usually ______ a glass of wine.
A．subscribes to
B．engages in
C．hangs on
D．indulges in
正确答案：D
解析：indulge in容许自己享受…，尽情；subscribe to订阅，订(报纸、杂志)；向…捐款；engage in从事(某活动)，参与；hang on紧紧抓住不放。

句意：每逢周末，我的祖父都要喝上一杯酒享受一下。

7．A series of border incidents would ______ lead the two countries to war.
A．inevitably
B．consistently
C．uniformly
D．persistently
正确答案：A
解析：inevitably难以避免地；consistently一贯地，始终如一地；uniformly 一致地，一贯地；persistently执著地。

A项最符合题意。

句意：两国边界的一系列争端不可避免地导致战争。

8．I want to talk about all these points in ______ order of importance.
A．declining
B．descending
C．plunging
D．falling
正确答案：B
解析：descending递降的；declining倾斜的，衰落的；plunging突进的，急降的；falling下降的，落下的。

这四个词均有“下降”的意思，但只有descend 指“逐降”或“递降”。

句意：我想以重要性递减的顺序谈论这些要点。

9．The doctor told the pupils that an ______ disease was one that could be passed from one person to another.
A．overwhelming
B．expanding
C．infectious
D．inherent
正确答案：C
解析：infectious有传染性的；overwhelming极大的，无法抗拒的；expanding 膨胀的，扩大的；inherent固有的，与生俱来的(特征或性质)。

句意：医生告诉孩子们传染性疾病是一种能够一个人传染给另一个人的疾病。

10．He had wanted a 25% raise in pay, but after talking to his boss, he decided that a 5% raise would have to ______.
A．suffice
B．satisfy
C．gratify
D．delight
正确答案：A
解析：suffice使满足，表示带有无奈情绪的满足；satisfy满足，主语为人；gratify使满足，表示超出预想的满足；delight(使)高兴，(使)欣喜。

句意：他本想得到25%的工资涨幅，但在同老板淡话后，他认为他不得不满足于5%的涨幅。

11．As far as rank is concerned, an associate professor is ______ to a professor, though they are almost equally knowledgeable.
A．attached
B．subsidiary
C．previous
D．inferior
正确答案：D
解析：inferior意为“低等的，下级的”；空格处后接介词to，所以inferior
符合题意。

subsidiary意为“辅助的；附的”；previous意为“先前的”；attached 意为“附属的”。

句意：尽管教授和副教授在知识上是相同的，但就职位而言，副教授低于教授。

12．No one could come up with an easy solution to the government’s predicament—labor ______ which is caused by the wars.
A．decline
B．vacancy
C．rarity
D．shortage
正确答案：D
解析：shortage短缺；decline衰退；vacancy空白，空虚，空缺；rarity稀有，杰出，珍贵。

句意：战争导致劳动力匮乏，没有人能就政府的这一困境提出一个简单易行的方案。

13．It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are ______ free medical care.
A．entitled to
B．involved in
C．associated with
D．assigned to
正确答案：A
解析：be entitled to被授予…的权利；be involved in参加．参与；be associated with与…有联系；be assigned to被分配给。

句意：众所周知，我国的退休工人有权享受免费医疗。

14．It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an ______ plan.
A．inherent
B．ingenious
C．infectious
D．indulgent
正确答案：B
解析：ingenious巧妙的；inherent内在的，生来就有的；infections传染的，富有感染力的；indulgent放纵的，纵容的。

句意：需要很多的想像力才能想出这样一个妙计。

15．He has pointed out the dangers ______ in this type of nuclear power station.
A．interior
B．inherent
C．inside
D．inner
正确答案：B
解析：inherent (in)固有的，与生俱来的(特征或性质)；interior(定语)内部的，室内的，如：an interior room；inside在…里面，往…里面：inside the house；inner(定语)里面的，更靠里的，内心的，如：inner feelings。

句意：他指出了这种类型的核电站的潜在危险。

16．Just as a book is often judged ______ by the quality and appearance of its cover, a person is judged immediately by his appearance.
A．previously
B．uniquely
C．outwardly .
D．initially
正确答案：D
解析：previously(时间，顺序上)在前地；uniquely惟一地，独特地；outwardly 外表上，表面上；initially在开始，在起初。

D与后文immediately相呼应，故选D。

句意：正如判断一本书先看书皮的质量和外观，判断一个人首先看他的外表。

17．He has never failed to take the ______ in dealing with other people.
A．action
B．initiation
C．beginning
D．initiative
正确答案：D
解析：take the initiative in doing sth．主动率先地做某事。

句意：他从来都是主动和别人交往。

18．The lady in this strange tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness. Her plot against a completely innocent old man is a clear sign of ______.
A．impulse
B．disposition
C．insanity
D．inspiration
正确答案：C
解析：insanity精神失常；impulse冲动；disposition气质；天性，性情，如：a cheerful disposition开朗的性情；inspiration灵感，激励。

句意：在这个性异的故事里，这位女士显然患一种严重的精神病。

她对一名完全无辜的老妇人设计死亡是她精神失常的表现。

19．The changing image of the family on television provides ______ into changing attitudes toward the family in society.
A．insights
B．presentations
C．revelations
D．specifications
正确答案：A
解析：insight into sth．意为“深入了解，对…具有深刻洞察力”。

presentation 指“呈现，引见，赠送”；revelation意为“显示，揭露”；specification意为“规格，规格说明”。

句意：电视上家庭的形象变化反映了社会上人们对家庭观念的改变。

20．Big businesses enjoy certain ______ that smaller ones do not have.
A．transactions
B．privileges
C．subsidies
D．substitutes
正确答案：B
解析：privilege特权，特别待遇；transaction交易；subsidy补助金，津贴；substitute代用品。

句意：大企业享受小企业享受不到的特别待遇。

21．People’s confidence in Blair was greatly ______ by his wife’s misbehavior.
A．sapped
B．cherished
C．sabotaged
D．confirmed
正确答案：A
解析：sap渐渐弱；cherish珍惜，抱有(希望)；sabotage妨碍，破坏；confirm 证实。

句意：由于布莱尔的妻子行为不端，人们逐渐失去了对他的信任。

22．The leader of the expedition ______ everyone to follow his example.
A．promoted
B．reinforced
C．sparked
D．inspired
正确答案：D
解析：inspire鼓舞，鼓励，符合题意。

promote促进，提升；reinforce加强，巩固；spark冒火星，冒火花。

句意：探险队的领导鼓励每个人都照着他的样子去做。

23．City officials are considering building a path to give the public ______ to the site.
A．recreation
B．excess
C．excursion
D．access
正确答案：D
解析：access进入；进入的机会；recreation娱乐；excess超越，过量；excursion 短途旅行。

句意：市政官员们正在考虑修一条路，让大众进入那个遗址。

24．We couldn’t really afford to buy a house so we got it on martgage purchase and paid monthly ______.
A．investments
B．requirements
C．arrangements
D．installments
正确答案：D
解析：“分期付款”为pay by installment，installment指分期付款中每一期摊付的款项，从句意看应选D。

investments投资；requirements必需品；arrangements 安排。

句意：我们其实买不起房，因此只能分期付款。

25．The discrepancy in the company accounts is ______ so that no auditor could have failed to notice it.
A．spontaneous
B．conspicuous
C．notorious
D．superfluous
正确答案：B
解析：conspicuous显著的；spontaneous自发的，自然产生的；notorious声名狼藉的；superfluous过剩的。

句意：该公司的账目差异如此明显，没有哪个审计员会看不出这一点的。

26．Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on ______.
A．consciousness
B．impulse
C．instinct
D．response
正确答案：C
解析：句中whereas(然而，但是)是转折连词，前文说：人类行为大多是学习的结果；后文说的内容肯定与 a product of learning相反。

这四个选项：consciousness意为“意识，知觉”；impulse意为“冲动”；instinct意为“本能”；
response意为“反应，回答”。

27．I decided to get in touch with him ______ after I receive his letter.
A．promptly
B．quickly
C．hastily
D．urgently
正确答案：A
解析：promptly敏捷，果断，强调动作的及时性，迅速性，符合题意。

quickly 快速地，马上；hastily仓促地，草率地；urgently急迫地，催促地。

句意：我决定收到他的信后马上与他取得联系。

28．They have always regarded a man of ______ and fairness as a reliable friend.
A．robustness
B．temperament
C．integrity
D．compactness
正确答案：C
解析：integrity正直，诚实；robustness精力充沛；健壮，体魄强健；temperament 性格，气质；compactness(文体)简洁，简明。

句意：他们总是把一个诚实公正的人作为一个可信赖的朋友。

29．The combination of ______ and emotional interactions with infants is crucial to their learning and emotional development.
A．intellectual
B．integrated
C．intelligent
D．intelligible
正确答案：A
解析：intellectual智力的；integrated整体和谐的；intelligent有理解力的；intelligible(尤指语言或文字)可了解的。

句意：和婴儿进行情感与智力相结合的交流对他们的学习和情感的发展是至关重要的。

30．I could see that my wife was ______ having that fur coat, whether I approved of it or not.
A．adequate for
B．intent on
C．short of
D．deficient in
正确答案：B
解析：intent on/upon一心想(做)；adequate for/to恰当的，胜任的。

，让人满意的；short of(表语)缺乏，离…有(多远)，还差…不够；deficient in缺乏，不足。

句意：看得出来，不论我同意与否，我妻子执意要买那件皮大衣。

31．In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to ______ dreams were likely to be highly respected.
A．interpret
B．intervene
C．inherit
D．impart
正确答案：A
解析：interpret解释，说明；口译；intervene干涉，干预；inherit继承；impart 传授。

句意：在许多文化中那些被认为能够释梦的人很可能受到尊敬。

32．Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular
A．gaps
B．rate
C．length
D．intervals
正确答案：D
解析：at intervals每隔一段时间，每隔一段距离，如；She brought us coffee at intervals．gap空隙，缺口；间隔，差距；空档，空白，如：The trade gap between imports and exports remained high．rate速度；率；价钱，收费，如：She can read at the rate of 1000 words a minute．length长，任度。

句意：学生或老师每隔一段时间就能参加去海岛周围的美丽海岸旅行的活动。

33．The argument between the two boys became so fierce that father had to ______ and tell them to behave.
A．interpret
B．intervene
C．inherit
D．impart
正确答案：B
解析：intervene干涉，介入；interpret解释，表演；口译；inherit继承；impart 给予；传授，告诉。

句意：两个孩子的争论太激烈了以至于父亲不得不干涉，叫他们老实点。

34．The detective and his assistant have begun to ______ the mysterious murder.
A．come through
B．look into
C．make over
D．see to
正确答案：B
解析：look into调查…；come through经历；make over移交，转移；see to 处理，照看。

句意：侦探和他的助手开始了对这一神秘谋杀案的调查。

35．He thought he could talk Mr. Robinson ______ buying some expensive equipment.
A．on
B．of
C．round
D．into
正确答案：D
解析：talk sb．into (out of) doing sth．意为“劝某人做(放弃)做某事”；talk round 意为“不得要领地谈”。

句意：他认为他可以说服Robinson先生买一些昂贵的设备。

36．Although the body is made up of many different tissues, those tissues are arranged in an ______ and orderly fashion.
A．intricate
B．initial
C．internal
D．incredible
正确答案：A
解析：intricate复杂的；initial开始的；internal内部的；incredible难以置信的。

句意：虽然人体由很多种组织构成，但是它们都是以一种复杂有序的方式分布的。

37．Diamonds have little ______ value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.
A．extinct
B．permanent
C．surplus
D．intrinsic
正确答案：D
解析：intrinsic(价值或性质)固有的，内在的；extinct(物种)绝种的；熄灭的；permanent长期性的，固定的；surplus多余的，剩余的。

句意：钻石并没有什么内在价值，它价格昂贵几乎全因其稀罕。

38．His ______ was telling him that something was wrong.
A．sentiment
B．inspiration
C．hypothesis
D．intuition
正确答案：D
解析：intuition直觉；sentiment感情，情绪；inspiration灵感，启发，鼓舞；hypothesis假设，假说。

句意：他的直觉告诉他，什么地方出错了。

39．In that country, a person who marries before legal age must have a parent’s ______ to obtain a license.
A．sanction
B．warrant
C．malignance
D．affirmation
正确答案：A
解析：sanction同意，许可；warrant证明，保护；malignance恶意，有害；affirmation断言，主张。

句意：在那个国家，未达到法定年龄的人结婚时必须征得父母同意才能领取结婚证。

40．Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves ______ know where to look.
A．virtually
B．initially
C．invariably
D．infinitely
正确答案：C
解析：invariably不变地，总是；virtually事实上，实际上；initially开始，起初；infinitely无限地。

句意：千万不要把钥匙藏在房子周围，因为小偷们总是知道到哪去找。

Cloze
Children loam almost nothing from television, and the more they watch, the less they remember. They regard television purely【71】entertainment, resent programs that put【72】on them and are surprised that anybody should【73】the medium seriously. Far from being over-excited by programs, they are mildly【74】with the whole thing. These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. The author, Cardiac Cullingford,【75】that the modem child is a【76】viewer. The study suggests that there is little【77】in the later hours. All 11-year-olds have watched
programs after midnight. Apart from the obvious waste of time【78】, it seems that all this viewing has little effect. Cullingford says that children can recall few details. They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can【79】explain the elements of a particular plot. Recall was in “【80】proportion to the amount they had watched. “It is precisely because television,【81】a teacher, demands so little attention and response【82】children like it, argues Cullingford. Programs seeking to 【83】serious messages are strongly disliked.【84】people who frequently talk on screen. What children like most are the advertisements. They see them as short programs【85】their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation. But again, they【86】strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to【87】them. In addition, children are not【88】involved in the programs. If they admire the stars, it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money,【89】their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains, children are perfectly【90】the functions of advertisements. And says Cullingford, educational television is probably least successful of an in imparting attitudes or information.
41．
A．like
B．as
C．for
D．at
正确答案：B
解析：语义搭配题。

regard... as意为“把…看作”，其他选项：A like，C for 和D at均与题意不符。

42．
A．calls
B．comments
C．work
D．demands
正确答案：D
解析：语义搭配题。

demand意为“要求(出力等)”，如：This is a demanding job．根据上下文的意思：小孩讨厌那些要他们费神的节目，故选项D demand正确。

其他选项都可与on连用，但意思不符：A call (on)意为“号召”，call on sb，for sth．；B comment (on)意为“评价，批评”；C work (on)意为“工作”，强调一种持续的概念，如work on sth．等。

43．
A．adjust
B．restrict
C．take
D．select
正确答案：C
解析：语义搭配题。

take sth．seriously意为“对某事认真”，根据本句的意思，“孩子们对有人会拿电视当真感到意外”，此处用take与seriously连用，意为“严肃地对待某事”。

选项A adjust意为“调整，调节”；选项 B restrict意为“限制”；选项D select意为“精心选择”。

句意：他们仅仅把看电视当作娱乐，不喜欢那些使他们费神的节目，并对那些把电视当真的人感到意外。

44．
A．acquainted
B．gratified
C．infected
D．bored
正确答案：D
解析：语义搭配题。

be bored with...意为“对…感到厌烦”，由句中的Far from being over-excited可知，孩子们一点也不因为节目好而激动万分，反而是对所有的事情感到厌烦，故选项D bored正确。

选项A acquainted (with)意为“知道”；选项B gratified(with)意为“满意”；选项C infected (with)意为“受到感染”，如：They are infected with his high spirits．均不符合题意。

句意：他们一点也不因为节目好而激动万分，而是对所有的事情感到厌烦。

45．
A．conforms
B．confirms
C．refutes
D．confesses
正确答案：B
解析：语义搭配题。

confirm意为“证实”，根据上下文，儿童与电视的关系是一项研究的内容，其研究者发表的文章当然是证实其观点，故选项B confirms 正确。

选项A conforms to意为“与…一致”，属形近词；选项C refutes意为“驳斥”；选项D confesses意为“承认(罪行，失败，过错等)”。

46．
A．dedicated
B．sincere
C．preoccupied
D．choosy
正确答案：A
解析：语义搭配题。

dedicated意为“热忱的，投注全副精神的”，根据下文：儿童在午夜后都曾看过电视，更别提在白天了，故儿童是热衷于看电视的，因此
是a dedicated viewer，故选项A dedicated正确。

选项B sincere意为“真诚的，言语行为表里如一的”；选项C preoccupied意为“心不在焉的”；选项D choosy 意为“挑剔的”。

句意：作者卡犹埃克·卡林福德证实了当今的小孩是电视的忠实观众。

47．
A．intention
B．faith
C．perfection
D．point
正确答案：D
解析：语义搭配题。

point此处意为“用处”，文中提到有人提出把儿童不宜的节目放到晚上九、十点钟以后(later hour)，但孩子们是忠实观众，所有的儿童都在午夜以后看过电视，．因此这种做法没有什么意义，故选项D point正确。

选项A intention(打算)；选项B faith(忠诚)；选项C perfection(完美)均与句意不符。

句意：把一些儿童不宜的节目安排在晚上九、十点钟以后的做法没多大意义。

48．
A．revolved
B．involved
C．revived
D．resolved
正确答案：B
解析：语义搭配题。

involved意为“与…有密切关系的”，在此处作后置定语修饰the obvious waste of time．意为“看电视除了明显地浪费时间之外”，同时下文也出现了involved一词，故选项B involved正确。

选项A revolved为不及物动词，意为“使旋转”；选项C revived意为“复苏”；选项D resolved意为“下定决心”。

句意：看电视除了明显地浪费时间之外，似乎所有这些观看活动都没什么用处。

49．
A．rarely
B．fully
C．abundantly
D．fairly
正确答案：A
解析：语义搭配题。

rarely—not often意为“很少，难得”，如：Rarely have I heard such a strange story．根据原文句意：儿童看完电视后很少能回想起细节内容，因此他们往往不能解释特定情节的要点，因此用选项A rarely符合题意。

B fully；C abundantly和D fairly均与句意不符。

句意：卡福林德说，孩子们看完电视后很少能回想起什么细节内容。

他们能记得看过的是什么节目，却不能解释
特定情节的要点。

50．
A．diverse
B．reverse
C．immerse
D．direct
正确答案：B
解析：语义搭配题。

reverse (inverse)与proportion连用，意为“反比关系”，根据句意：儿童看电视多(a dedicated viewer)，但却记不起细节内容(recall few details)，由此可见，记忆与看电视的时间成反比关系，故选项B reverse正确。

选项A diverse意为“多种多样的”；选项C immerse动冈，意为“沉浸在”，如：immerse oneself in work：选项D direct(proportion)意为“正比(关系)”。

句意：回忆与看电视的数量是成反比的。

51．
A．unlikely
B．like
C．unlike
D．dislike
正确答案：C
解析：语篇连接题。

unlike是介词，意为“不像”，文中需要一个介词与teacher 连用，根据句意：儿童喜欢看电视是因为电视不像老师，它对孩子们不作要求，故选项C unlike正确。

A unlikely意为“不太可能的”，不符合题意；B like(像)，与句意相反；D dislike动词，意为“不喜欢”，词性不符。

52．
A．whether
B．that
C．which
D．why
正确答案：B
解析：语法题。

demand so little... that意为“要求得如此之少，以至于…”，屑结果状语从句，选项A whether(是否)，引导宾语从句；选项C which引导定语从句；选项D why引导原因状语从句。

句意：卡林福德说，正是因为电视不像老师，它对孩子们是否集中注意力和做出反应没有要求，所以孩子们才喜欢它。

53．
A．put over
B．take over
C．see over
D．carry over
正确答案：A
解析：词语搭配题。

put over=put across意为“解释说明”，此处需一个短语动词与messages连用，故选项A put over正确。

选项B take over意为“接管”；选项C see over=examine意为“仔细检查”；选项D carry over意为“延期”，如：The committee agreed to carry over its discussion to the next meeting．句意：试图传达严肃信息的节目特别不受欢迎。

54．
A．There are
B．So are
C．They are
D．Those are
正确答案：B
解析：此题属于语篇连接题。

so放在句首，后面接be，have，do等助动词，再接主语，意为“同样地”，如：I enjoyed the book and so did my sister．根据上下文，上文谈到儿童特讨厌严肃的节日(Programs... are strongly disliked．)，此句仍然谈及儿童讨厌的内容，即那些在屏幕上喋喋不休的人们，故用选项B So are 连接，语篇完整。

其他选项均不符题意。

句意：在屏幕上喋喋不休的人也同样不受欢迎。

55．
A．in
B．among
C．with
D．through
正确答案：A
解析：语义搭配题。

in one’s own right意为“凭自己的权力，独立地”，in their own right在此作状语，故选项A in正确。

B among，C with和D through均搭配不当。

句意：孩子们把广告看作独立短小的节日，尤其喜欢幽默的表演。

56．
A．proceed
B．react
C．discriminate
D．weigh
正确答案：B
解析：语义搭配题。

react... against意为“反对”，此处意为儿童们虽喜欢幽默的广告，但对于有些广告特别反感，故选项B react符合题意。

选项A proceed... (against)意为“控诉”；选项C discriminate (against)意为“歧视”；选项D weigh
(against)意为”对…不利”，如：The test will weigh against him．这次测试对他不利。

57．
A．influence
B．influencing
C．influenced
D．have influenced
正确答案：A
解析：语法题。

此处需动词原形与attempt连用，attempt to do sth. ，因此选项A influence正确。

B influencing现在分词；C influenced过去分词；D have influenced完成形式，均与题意不符。

句意：但是，他们对那些公开试图影响他们的广告特别反感。

58．
A．facilely
B．emotionally
C．intellectually
D．indifferently
正确答案：B
解析：语义搭配题。

emotionally意为“感情上的”，原文中上文提到，儿童从电视中根本学不到东西，仅仅把它看作是一种娱乐，他们讨厌严肃的节目，可见孩子们并不喜欢投入自己的情感，下文提及他们对明星的态度，对广告功能的了解也证明了这一点。

因此选项B emotionally符合题意。

进项A facilely意为“轻易地，顺从地”；选项C intellectually意为“理智地”；选项D indifferently意为“冷漠地”。

59．
A．partly because
B．mainly because
C．not because
D．not because of
正确答案：D
解析：语法题。

根据句意，谈及儿童们喜欢明星的原因，只有选项 D not because of符合逻辑和语法，连接一个名词短语。

A partly because，B mainly because和C not because均不符合句意及语法结构。

句意：儿童们喜欢明星仅仅是因为他们引领着潮流并能挣很多的钱，而不是因为他们高超的飞车技术和为民除害。

60．
A．clear about
B．clear of
C．clear away
D．clear up
正确答案：A
解析：词语搭配题。

be clear about意为“清楚，明白”，根据句意和结构，儿童对广告的用意有了完全清楚的认识，故选项A clear about与句中的are连用，表示状态。

选项B clear of意为“无罪的，无愧的”；选项C clear away动词短语，意为“清除”；选项D clear up动词短语，意为“寻找答案，整理完成”。

句意：他们完全清楚广告的用意。

Reading Comprehension
Famed singer Stevie Wonder can’t see his fans dancing at his concerts. He can’t see the hands of his audience as they applaud wildly at the end of his Superstition. Blind from birth, Wonder has waited his whole life for a chance to see. Recently, Wonder visited Mark Hamayan, a vision specialist. He thought that a new device currently being studied by Humayan might offer him that chance. The device, a retinal prosthesis, is a tiny computer chip implanted inside a patient’s eye. The chip sends images to the brain and allows some sightless people to see shapes and colors. Wonder hoped the retinal prosthesis might work for him. “I’ve always said that if ever there’s possibility of my seeing,”said Wonder, “then I would take the challenge.”Unfortunately for Wonder, that challenge will have to wait. Humayan explained that the device isn’t ready for people who have been blind since birth. Their brains may not be able to handle signals from a retinal prosthesis because their brains have never handled signals from a healthy eye. The retinal prosthesis and other devices, however, show great promise in helping many other sightless people who once had vision see again. Perhaps one day soon, some formerly sightless people may be in Wonder’s audience looking up—and seeing him—for the very first time. Wonder’s willingness to take part in retinal prosthesis studies and the results of those studies are giving new hope to people who thought they would be blind for the rest of their lives. More than one million people in the United States are considered legally blind, meaning that their eyesight is severely impaired. Another one million are totally blind. Two types of specialized cells in the retina—rods and cones—are critical for proper vision. Light enters the eye and falls on the rods and cones in the retina. Those cells convert the light to electrical signals which travel through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain interprets those signals as visual images. Rods detect light at low levels of illumination. For instance, rods allow you to see faint shadows in dim moonlight. Cones, on the other hand, are most sensitive to color. Some diseases can damage cells in the retina. For instance, macular degeneration causes blindness and other vision problems in 700,000 people in the United States each year. The condition is caused by a lack of adequate blood supply to the central part of the retina. Without blood, the rods, cones, and other cells in the retina die. Devices such as the retinal prostheses won’t prevent or cure our eye diseases, but they may help patients who
have eye disorders regain some of their vision. Different forms of retinal prostheses are currently being developed. On one type, a tiny computer chip is embedded in the eye. The chip has a grid of about 2,500 light-sensing elements called pixels. Light entering the eye strikes the pixels, which convert the light into electrical signals. The pixels then send the electrical signals to nerve cells behind the retina. Those cells send signals via the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation. Many people who have had a retinal prosthesis implanted say they can see shapes, colors, and movements that they couldn’t see before. “It was great,”said Harold Churchey, who received his retinal prosthesis 15 years after he became totally blind. “To see light after so long—it was just wonderful. It was just like switching a light on.”(572 words. Current Science. April 7, 2000)
61．Why did stevie Wonder visit Mark Humayan?
A．He thought Mark’s device might give him the ability to see.
B．He thought Mark might need his help in developing the device.
C．He thought Mark might want to listen to his Superstition.
D．He thought Mark might implant a chip into his right eye.
正确答案：A
解析：答案的依据在第二段的第三句：He thought that a new device currently being studied by Humayan might offer him that chance．这里，chance是指第一句的a chance to see。

62．Whom is Mark’s retinal prosthesis ready for?
A．For those who have been blind from birth.
B．For those who still have faint vision.
C．For the blind who once had eyesight.
D．For those who still have one healthy eye.
正确答案：C
解析：答案的依据在第五段的第一句：The retinal prosthesis and other devices, however show great promise in helping many other sightless people who once had vision see again．
63．For detecting colors, we depend, primarily on ______.
A．interpretation by the brain.
B．cones of the retina.
C．rods of the retina.
D．optic nerve.
正确答案：B
解析：答案的依据在第七段的中间部分的两句：Cones, on the other hand, are most sensitive to color．
64．Why does macular degeneration cause blindness and other vision problems?
A．Macular degeneration causes improper interpretation by the brain.
B．Macular degeneration makes the retina less sensitive to the light.
C．Macular degeneration changes the functions of rods and cones.
D．Macular degeneration is the result of inadequate supply of blood in the retina.
正确答案：D
解析：答案的依据在第七段的最后两句：The condition is caused by a lack of adequate blood supply to the central part of the retina. Without blood, the rods, cones, and other cells in the retina die．
65．Which of the following statements about the function of retinal prostheses is true according to the passage?
A．It can prevent some eye disorders.
B．It can cure some eye disorders.
C．It can help recover eyesight to some degree.
D．It can repair the damaged cones.
正确答案：C
解析：答案的依据在第八段的第一句：Devices such as the retinal prosthesis won’t prevent or cure our eye diseases, but they may help patients who have eye disorders regain some of their vision．
Single mums are better at raising their kids than two parents—at least in the bird world. Mother zebra finches have to work harder and raise fewer chicks on their own, but they also produce more attractive sons who are more likely to get a mate. The finding shows that family conflict is as important an evolutionary driving force as ecological factors such as hunting and food supply. With two parents around, there’s always a conflict of interests, which can have a detrimental effect on the quality of the offspring. In evolutionary terms, the best strategy for any parent in the animal world is to find someone else to care for their offspring, so they can concentrate on breeding again. So it’s normal for parents to try to pass the buck to each other. But Ian Hartley from the University of Lancaster and his team wondered how families solve this conflict, and how the conflict itself affects the offspring. To find out, they measured how much effort zebra finch parents put into raising their babies. They compared single females with pairs, by monitoring the amount of food each parent collected, and removing or adding chicks so that each pair of birds was raising four chicks, and each single mum had two—supposedly the same amount of work. But single mums, they found, put in about 25 per cent more effort than females rearing with their mate. To avoid being exploited, mothers with a partner hold back from working too hard if the rather is being lazy, and it’s the chicks that pay the price. “The offspring suffer some of the cost of this conflict,” says Hartley. The cost does not show in any obvious decrease in size or weight, but in how attractive they arc to the
opposite sex. When the chicks were mature, the researchers tested the “fitness” of the male offspring by offering females their choice of partner. Those males reared by single mums were chosen more often than those from two-parent families. Sexual conflict has long been thought to affect the quality of care given to offspring, says zoologist Rebecca Kilner at Cambridge University, who works on conflict of parents in birds. “But the experimental evidence is not great. The breakthrough here is showing it empirically.”More surprising, says Kilner, is Hartley’s statement that conflict may be a strong influence on the evolution of behaviour, clutch size and even appearance. “People have not really made that link,”says Hartley. A female’s reproductive strategy is usually thought to be affected by hunting and food supply. Kilner says conflict of parents should now be taken into account as well.
66．With which of the following statements would the author probably agree?
A．Single mums produce stronger sons.
B．Single mums do not produce daughters.
C．Two-parent families produce less attractive children.
D．Two-parent families produce more beautiful offspring.
正确答案：C
解析：第一段提到“单亲家庭中的雄性后代更有吸引力，更容易得到配偶”，而这里的比较是在鸟类单亲家庭和双亲家庭之间进行的，所以，双亲家庭的后代相比较而言吸引力较差。

67．According to the passage, in what way does family conflict affect the quality of the offspring?
A．The young males get less care.
B．The young females will decrease in weight.
C．The offspring will become lazy fathers or mothers in the future.
D．the offspring will not get mature easily.
正确答案：A
解析：第三段的第一和第二个句子谈到，在动物界，任何一个父亲或母亲的最佳策略是让他人(而不是自己)来照顾后代，这样，父母之间很自然就出现了相互推卸责任的现象。

第五段讲到，这样做的后果就是后代付出代价，也就是受到的照顾少了。

68．What is the relationship between paragraph 4 and paragraph 5?
A．Cause and effect.
B．Experiment and result.
C．Problem and solution.
D．topic and comment.
正确答案：B。